Publications

the laboratory surveillance of influenza epidemics in the united kingdom 1968-1976.	the extensive laboratory investigations of respiratory disease in the u.k. over many years have demonstrated the frequency with which influenza viruses, both a and b, are found each winter. only rarely are none isolated. these findings correlate well with other indicators of influenza such as increases in sickness benefit claims and in deaths attributed to influenza and pneumonia. however, outside these demonstrable peaks of incidence influenza viruses have been found to circulate over considera ...	1977	267671
polymorphism of human blood groups and incidence of influenza a/hong kong (h3n2).	during three epidemics of influenza a/hong kong (h3n2) and experimentally in vaccines, the relation between influenza infection and abo, rh and mn blood groups was studied. examinations of 2760 patients with laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of influenza and 749 persons vaccinated with live influenza vaccine showed that individuals of blood groups o and b were susceptible to influenza 1.67 and 1.20 times more, respectively, than individuals of blood group a. the difference in incidence was most man ...	1975	241245
[isolation of surface antigens of influenza virus a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2) by density gradient fractionation with a new carboxypolypeptidase (author's transl)].	isolation of pure neuraminidase and hemagglutinin from influenza virus a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2) can be achieved using the coupled action of a new carboxypolypeptidase from streptomyces fradiae and sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). biochemical, physical and physico-chemical studies showed that the two molecules are in pure form and of glycoproteic nature.	1975	238492
the effect of species and organ-specific features of tissue systems on the reactogenic and immunogenic properties of influenza virus.	the dynamics of changes in the reactogenic and immunogenic properties of influenza a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) virus in the course of serial passages in white mice, chick embryos, chick, cow and pig embryo kidney tissue cultures and in rat, guinea pig, chick embryo, cow embryo and pig embryo trachea organ cultures was studied. the rate of virus attenuation was found to depend not only on the species origin of tissue systems but also on their organ specificity. in rapid, 24-hour passages in chick emb ...	1975	235196
[preliminary note on the circulation of some human respiratory viruses by wild birds].	with a view to detecting infections and carriage of human respiratory viruses in wild birds, 349 serum samples collected from 21 bird species -- sedentary ones and birds with large or limited migration areas -- were investigated. the following antigens were used: influenza virus a/hong kong 1/68 (h3n2)), a2 england 42/73 (h3n2), a2 victoria 3/75 (h3n2), a/new jersey 8/76 (hswn1), b/hong kong 5/72; parainfluenza virus type i sendai and type ii, coronavirus oc/43. an elevated incidence of antibodi ...	1978	228619
comparison of different tissue cultures for isolation and quantitation of influenza and parainfluenza viruses.	rhesus and cynomolgus monkey kidney tissue cultures and two continuous lines, madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) and llc-mk2, were compared in titrations and isolations of influenza and parainfluenza viruses. tube cultures were inoculated with laboratory virus strains or stored patient specimens and observed for hemadsorption. trypsin was added to the medium of the continuous lines to increase sensitivity. all four tissue cultures gave similar titers of influenza a/ussr (h1n1), a/texas (h3n2), and ...	1979	227920
geographical distribution of swine (hsw1n1) and hong kong (h3n2) influenza virus variants in pigs in southeast asia.	influenza viruses of the hsw1n1 and h3n2 subtypes were isolated in hong kong from pigs originating from hong kong, people's republic of china (prc), singapore, and taiwan. the h3n2 isolates were from pigs from hong kong and prc, whereas the hsw1n1 isolates were from pigs from hong kong, prc, singapore and taiwan. the hemagglutinins of the h3n2 isolates were similar to those of the earlier a/hong kong/1/68 and a/port chalmers/1/73 variants from man. the hsw1n1 isolates were similar to the human a ...	1979	218894
sero-epidemiological survey on human and swine influenza a. situation at the onset of summer 1976.	a serological survey was performed to detect the presence of hi antibodies against the swine-like a/new jersey/76 (hsw1 n1) and the human a/victoria 3/75 (h3n2) virus strains in the sera of 700 subjects of different age, and of 244 swine. hi antibodies against a/new jersey/76 strain were not detected in 308 subjects younger than 31 years. they turned out to be present in 8% of the subjects from 31 to 43 years, always at low titre, and at a different titre, in 50% of the subjects from 44 to 58 ye ...	1976	189788
rhinovirus and influenza type a infections as precipitants of asthma.	specimens from 49 persons, 3 to 60 years of age, who were prone to attacks of apparently infectious asthma were cultured for viruses and bacteria during episodes of symptomatic respiratory infection from september 1972 to june 1973. seventy-one of 128 episodes (55 per cent) of symptomatic respiratory infection occurred with asthma. shedding of respiratory pathogens was associated with 43 of the 128 episodes, and 19 of the 43 etiologically defined episodes occurred with wheezing. seven of 15 rhin ...	1976	174464
failure of attenuated temperature-sensitive influenza a (h3n2) virus to induce heterologous interference in humans to parainfluenza type 1 virus.	the present investigation was undertaken to determine if a candidate live vaccine virus, influenza a/hong kong/68-ts-1 [e] (h3n2), induced heterologous interference against an interferon-sensitive, wild-type, parainfluenza type 1 challenge virus. the parainfluenza virus was administered 7 days after hong kong/68-ts-1 [e] virus infection. the clinical response, daily quantitative virus shedding, interferon production, and serum and nasal wash antibody responses were determined in an experimental ...	1975	166929
[isolation of strains of the hong kong complex (h3n2) influenza virus from nyctalus noctula bats in kazakhstan].	four antigenically related hemagglutinating agents were isolated from pools of lungs and tracheas of nyctalus noctula bats in chick embryos. identification of the isolates by the hemagglutination inhibition, neuraminidase activity inhibition and double immunodiffusion methods revealed close antigenic relationships with a/port chalmers/73 virus.	1979	158260
host antigen as the sulphated moiety of influenza virus haemagglutinin.	inorganic sulphate (35s) was incorporated into the haemagglutinin molecule of a/memphis/1/71 (h3n2) influenza virus when a keratosulphate-like host antigen was also incorporated into the glycoproteins of virus grown in the chorioallantoic membrane of the embryonated hen's egg. little or no 35s-sulphate was incorporated when this hose antigen was not present in the glycoproteins of virus grown in chick embryo kidney cells or in the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated duck eggs. the presence o ...	1978	152802
results of virological and serological studies of three influenza a hong-kong epidemics in leningrad.	an analysis of morbidity of the population in the course of 3 influenza a/hong-kong epidemics showed a pronounced decrease in influenza affection of adult population in the last epidemic in 1971--1972. comparative studies of the diagnostic value of cfr and hit demonstrated identical sensitivity of cfr as a method of influenza diagnostics in both the epidemic and interepidemic periods. hit was suitable for the detection of influenza only in the epidemic period. in the interepidemic period, the pe ...	1976	135027
the measurement of haemagglutinin and matrix protein present on the surface of influenza virus infected p815 mastocytoma cells.	a thermodynamic approach has been used to measure the amount of haemagglutinin and matrix protein expressed at the surface of p815 cells infected for periods between 4.5 and 11 h with either wsn (h0n1) or jap (h2n2) strains of type a influenza virus. this involved measuring the interaction of different concentrations of labelled (fab)2 preparations of specific antibody with normal and infected cells. assuming that one molecule of (fab)2 bound to one molecule of antigen, values for the number of ...	1979	107273
the specificity of the anti-haemagglutinin antibody response induced in man by inactivated influenza vaccines and by natural infection.	the anti-haemagglutinin antibody response in adult human volunteers to inactivated whole virus or tween ether split influenza a/victoria/75 (h3n2) and a/scotland/74 (h3n2) virus vaccines was investigated using antibody absorption and single-radial-haemolysis (srh) techniques. the concentrations of haemagglutinin (ha), nucleoprotein (np) and matrix (m) antigens measured by single radial diffusion (srd) and rocket immunoelectrophoresis were similar for both the whole virus and split vaccines. whol ...	1979	105040
antibodies to the strain-specific and cross-reactive determinants of the haemagglutinin of influenza h3n2 viruses. 1. preparation of antibodies and in vitro studies.	the serological analysis of antibodies to the haemagglutinin (ha) of influenza a viruses of the hong kong (h3n2) subtype is described, using haemagglutination-inhibition, immuno-double-diffusion and single-radial-diffusion techniques. by cross-absorption of antisera to purified ha antigens, different populations of antibody molecules were obtained, which are designated strain-specific and cross-reactive and characterized in terms of their antigenic specificities for ha antigens of the homologous ...	1979	93399
efficacy of purified influenza subunit vaccines and relation to the major antigenic determinants on the hemagglutinin molecule.	inactivated whole-virus vaccine of influenza a/scotland/74 (h3n2) virus containing 700 or 1,400 chick cell-agglutinating (cca) units, a purified subunit vaccine of equivalent dosage, or placebo were studied in 186 adult volunteers. placebo was least reactogenic, 1,400-cca unit whole-virus vaccine was most reactogenic, and others were intermediate. vaccines were equally antigenic, and delineation of antibody specificities revealed antibody cross-reacting with a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) virus in all se ...	1979	92511
antigenic drift in type a influenza virus: sequence differences in the hemagglutinin of hong kong (h3n2) variants selected with monoclonal hybridoma antibodies.		1979	90425
co-circulation of two influenza a (h3n2) antigenic variants detected by virus surveillance in individual communities.	from march through june 1977 a total of 31 influenza a (h3n2) viruses were isolated from students with respiratory disease who were seen at the student health service on the berkeley campus of the university of california, and 32 influenza a (h3n2) viruses were isolated from persons who participated in a city-wide febrile respiratory disease surveillance program in seattle. the antigenic specificity of the hemagglutinin was determined for each isolate by hemagglutination inhibition testing with ...	1978	83107
investigations on strain-specific and common antigen antihemagglutinin antibodies oriented to the influenza virus h3n2 strains a/hong kong/1/68 and a/port chalmers/1/73.	antisera raised by vaccination of chickens with the h3n2 influenza virus strains a/hong kong/1/68 and a/port/chalmers/1/73 were found to contain common antigen antibody (caa), combining with both viruses, and strain-specific antibody (ssa), combining with homologous virus only. the reaction of caa with homologous and heterologous viruses and of ssa with homologous virus was investigated by means of equilibrium filtration. caa was found to be antibody of higher quality than was ssa. the virus str ...	1978	81808
[electrophoretic mobility of polypeptides in different strains on human influenza a and b viruses].	the method of electrophoresis in a single polyacrylamide gel plate was used for comparative study on virion polypeptides mobility in human influenza a and b virus strains. molecular masses of individual polypeptides and their portion in the virion were determined. no variations in the migration speed of nucleoprotein (np) and membrane protein (mp) were found in strains belonging to the same genus, but there were differences in the migration speed of these proteins in the genus a and genus b. sig ...	1978	80885
[comparative study of virus adsorption properties of streptococci with reference to influenza a (h3n2) virus].		1978	79975
influenza surveillance.	the main objectives of influenza surveillance are: to measure the impact of the disease by collection and analysis of epidemiological information on morbidity and mortality, and to anticipate future epidemics and pandemics by the collection and analysis of influenza viruses. the world health organization's influenza programme is based on the collaboration of 98 national influenza centres in 70 countries and the 2 who collaborating centres in atlanta and london.epidemiological information may be ...	1978	78771
[antigenic specificity of influenza type a virus hemagglutinin by the method of radioimmunological quantitative analysis].	the use of a test system o fa highly purified, antigenically homogeneus hemagglutinin of influenza a/mrc-11 virus and monospecific antiserum permitted to evaluate the potentials of competitive radioimmunoassay in model experiments investigating the antigenic characteristics and content of influenza a (h3n2) virus hemagglutinin. the method proved to be sufficiently specific to differentiate influenza virus strains by antigenic determinants of hemagglutinin, as well as highly sensitive, detecting ...	1978	78586
[reversion in the natural variability of influenza a virus].	in mid-november, 1977, local outbreaks of acute respiratory diseases (ard) in institutionalized communities began to be recorded in a number of geographical zones of the ussr, and by the end of the month a general increase in the incidence was observed in some areas of the country. the epidemic outbreaks extended gradually and were characterized by moderate development involving mainly young subjects. the strains causing the epidemic had no antigenic relationship with reference a (h3n2) virus an ...	1978	78585
return of epidemic a1 (h1n1) influenza virus.	limited outbreaks of influenza were reported in the far east of the u.s.s.r. early in november, 1977, and a week or two later in cities in siberia and the european parts of the u.s.s.r. the majority of influenza-virus isolates belonged to the h1n1 subtype of influenza-a virus, though strains of the current h3n2 subtype were also isolated. a moderate epidemic of h1n1 influenza spread throughout the country in the middle of december. mainly children over 5 years and young adults were infected.	1978	75334
specificity studies on cytotoxic thymus-derived lymphocytes reactive with influenza virus-infected cells: evidence for dual recognition of h-2 and viral hemagglutinin antigens.	cytotoxic thymus-derived (t) lymphocytes were readily detected in spleens of mice inoculated intranasally with mouse-adapted a/port chalmers (h3n2), a/england (h3n2), a/pr/8 (h0n1), and b/hong kong influenza viruses. t-cell-mediated lysis of h-2 compatible target cells infected with the strain of virus used to immunize the mice was considerably higher than lysis of either syngeneic cells infected with a different strain of influenza virus or allogeneic cells infected with the immunizing strain o ...	1977	70788
a competitive-inhibition radioimmunoassay for influenza virus envelope antigens.	a double-antibody competitive-inhibition radioimmunoassay for influenza virus envelope antigens is described. a viral antigen preparation from influenza a virus recombinant mrc11 [antigenically identical to a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2)] consisting of haemagglutinin and neuraminidase was labelled with radioiodine. rabbit antisera were allowed to react with the labelled antigen and the resultant antigen-antibody complexes were precipitated with the appropriate antiglobulin. the competitive-inhibiti ...	1976	65118
[antigenic characteristics of chicken influenza viruses].	data on isolation of chicken influenza virus strains in this country during epizootics in 1970--1975 are presented, and the antigenic characteristics of the isolates are described. all the strains had a mixed hemagglutinin type (gp6-h3n2) and neuraminidase h2. neuraminidase of the strains had more marked antigenic relationship with h2 human influenza a/singapore/57 (h2n2) virus than h2 of other human influenza virus strains. the size of km of neuraminidase is similar in all chicken influenza vir ...	1976	62456
results of virological and serological studies of three influenza a hong-kong epidemics in leningrad.	an analysis of morbidity of the population in the course of 3 influenza a/hong-kong epidemics showed a pronounced decrease in influenza affection of adult population in the last epidemic in 1971--1972. comparative studies of the diagnostic value of cfr and hit demonstrated identical sensitivity of cfr as a method of influenza diagnostics in both the epidemic and interepidemic periods. hit was suitable for the detection of influenza only in the epidemic period. in the interepidemic period, the pe ...	1976	61243
serological evidence and isolation of a virus closely related to the human a/hong kong/68 (h3n2) strain in swine populations in czechoslovakia in 1969-1972.		1976	60851
influenza virus subunit vaccines. ii. immunogenicity and original antigenic sin in humans.	subunit vaccines containing hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and nucleocapsids of a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) influenza virus were prepared after treatment of purified virus with ammonium deoxycholate. the immunogenicity of these subunits and the response to the common and specific antigenic determinants on the hemagglutinin subunits were studied in man. the subunits were as immunogenic in man as intact inactivated influenza virus vaccine at an equivalent concentration. booster doses of antigen did ...	1976	59787
swine influenza virus and the recycling of influenza-a viruses in man.	sera collected in 1967 and 1972 from people in the 0-100 age-group showed haemagglutination-inhibition (h.i.) antibody to swine virus a/iowa/15/30 (hsw1n1) in greatest number and with highest titre in people born before 1918. a slight decrease was observed from 1967 to 1972 in the number of sera with antibody to swine virus and in the height of the titres. the recently isolated a/new jersey/10/76 (hsw1n1) virus showed a result comparable to that of the swine/1930 virus in sera of 1972. on the an ...	1976	59252
wrl 105 strain (h3n2) live attenuated influenza vaccine: acceptability, reactivity, and antibody response in normal, bronchitic, and geriatric volunteers.	the acceptability, reactivity, and antibody responses of recombinant wrl 105 strain, live, attenuated influenza virus vaccine administered intranasally were studied in seventeen normal adults, and in seventeen bronchitic and twenty-one geriatric volunteers. the effect on peak flow and 1-second forced expiratory volume (f.e.v.1) on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th days after vaccination was measured in the bronchitic and normal groups. seroconversion occurred in 80% to tht homologous virus, in 40.6% to a/vi ...	1976	58306
antigenic variation of neuraminidase of human type a influenza (h3n2) viruses isolated in berlin (west).	after the emergence of the a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) strain of influenza virus antigenic variation of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens have been demonstrated leading to the identification of the variants a/england/42/72,a/port chalmers/1/73 and a/scotland/840/74. this study describes antigenic changes of neuraminidases in influenza viruses isolated since 1968 in berlin (west). a collection of 13 isolates of human type a influenza was studied in neuraminidase inhibition tests. the resul ...	1975	56831
diversity of the antibody response to the different antigenic determinants on the hemagglutinin subunits of influenza viruses.	sera from rabbits hyperimmunized with hemagglutinin (ha) subunits isolated from the a/port chalmers/73 (h3n2)strain of influenza virus showed great differences in their cross-reactions with different strains of influenza virus. in hemagglutination-inhibition tests, some sera reacted to about the same titer with a/port chalmers/73 and a/hong kong/68 viruses, suggesting that these two strains were very closely related. other sera, which reacted to high titer with a/port chalmers/73 virus, had only ...	1976	55438
[age profile of the antihemagglutinins and antineuraminidase antibodies in type a influenza (author's transl)].	antineuraminidase and antihemagglutinating antibody studies were carried out in parallel in sera from subjects born in bulgaria in 1968-1972, 1956-1960, 1946-1950, 1925-1935 and 1917-1920. it was found that the amount of both antineuraminidase and antihemagglutinating antibody in sera from normal subjects could vary depending upon the year of birth and the strain used for the test. the antibody spectrum was most narrow in children under 4 and wider in subjects born before 1925. serograms of the ...	1975	54996
recombinant wrl 105 strain live attenuated influenza vaccine. immunogenicity, reactivity, and transmissibility.	the immunogenicity, reactivity, and transmissibility of recombinant wrl 105 (h3n2) (a/okuda/57xa/finland/4/74) strain live attenuated influenza virus vaccine were studied in adult male volunteers in a residential community in rural england. thirteen volunteers received a single dose of 10(7.0) e.i.d.50 recombinant wrl 105 vaccine administered as nose drops, and twelve volunteers received placebo. nine (82%) of eleven volunteers with initial antibody titres of less than or equal to 1/96 showed a ...	1975	51958
heterotypic interference between influenza viruses a/aichi/2/68 and b/massachusetts/1/71.	virus particles produced by mdck cells mixedly infected with 3 pfu/cell each of a/aichi/2/68 (h3n2) (aichi) and b/massachusetts/1/71 (mass) influenza viruses exclusively possessed haemagglutinin (ha) of mass, although approximately one-fifth of the mixed yield had coding potential for aichi serotype. synthesis of major viral proteins of aichi was markedly suppressed by co-infecting mass. by increasing the multiplicity of co-infecting aichi to 30 pfu/cell, interference became reciprocal. aichi in ...	1979	41442
annual examination of influenza virus infection among pigs in miyagi prefecture, japan: the appearance of hsw1n1 virus.	annual dissemination of swine and hong kong influenza viruses among hogs in miyagi prefecture, japan, was examined by virus recovery and serological tests. the serological examination revealed that two distinct influenza a viruses, h3n2 and hsw1n1, had caused dual epidemic in pigs since mid-1977. some individual sera contained antibodies against both strains. although positive sera against hong kong or swine influenza viruses appeared in the serosurvey throughout the year, the positive ratios in ...	1979	41437
live tissue culture influenza vaccine for oral administration. i. specific immune response to monovaccine a (h3n2) in volunteers.	oral immunization of volunteers with a live tissue culture influenza a (h3n2) vaccine induced an increase in virus neutralizing (vn), haemagglutination inhibiting (hi) and neuraminidase inhibiting (ni) antibody. the dynamics of antibody and igm and igg immunoglobulin formation in the blood depended to a great extent on their prevaccination levels. the highest per cent of seroconversions was observed after the 3rd vaccination: a 4-fold or greater rise of vn antibody was found in 80% (titre increa ...	1979	35960
antigenic glycopolypeptides ha1 and ha2 of influenza virus haemagglutinin. iii. reactivity with human convalescent sera.	the immune reactivity to both haemagglutinin glycopolypeptides ha1 and ha2 [prepared from bromelain-released haemagglutinin of influenza virus a/dunedin/4/73 (h3n2)], was demonstrated by both gel double immundiffusion and radioimmunoassay in human convalescent sera obtained after natural infection during influenza epidemics in 1974/75 and 1976/77. in gel double immunodiffusion, the precipitin line(s) corresponding to glycopolypeptide ha1 were always more distinct than precipin line(s) correspond ...	1979	35954
influence of experimental influenza infection of the eye on the course of herpetic keratitis in rabbits.	influenza virus monoinfection and combined influenza and herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection of the eye was studied in rabbits. influenza a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) virus caused a clinically overt disease of the eye only after inoculation into the eye chamber. the combined influenza and hsv infection of the eye induced severe iridocyclitis. the combined infection of the eye with influenza virus and hsv had a more severe course than hsv monoinfection. the occurence of influenza antibody in the lacr ...	1978	35945
etiology and antimicrobial therapy of acute maxillary sinusitis.	eighty-one adults with symptoms of acute sinusitis were studied by direct needle puncture and aspiration of the maxillary sinus (105 sinuses). fifty-nine bacterial strains were isolated in titers of greater than or equal to 10(4) colony-forming units/ml; streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae accounted for 64% of the isolates. other bacteria recovered included anaerobes (12%), neisseria species (8.5%). streptococcus pyogenes (3%), alpha-hemolytic streptococcus (3%), non-group a beta ...	1979	35571
antigenic glycopolypeptides ha1 and ha2 of influenza virus haemagglutinin. i. gel filtration in 6 m guanidine hydrochloride.	highly purified glycopolypeptides ha1 and ha2 were separated from bromelain-released haemagglutinin of influenza virus a/dunedin/4/73 (h3n2) by gel filtration in 6 m guanidine hydrochloride under reducing conditions. the purity of both glycopolypeptides was proved by extensive studies. despite the lack of c-terminal end, the isolated ha2 glycopolypeptide displayed some hydrophobic properties.	1978	30262
radioimmunoassay of influenza a virus haemagglutinin. i. preparation and properties of radioactive 125i-labelled bromelain-released haemagglutinin.	haemagglutinin released from influenza a virus recombinant mrc11 antigenically identical to the strain a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2) by bromelain treatment and purified by rate zonal centrifugation (further on b-ha) was examined for eventual contamination by neuraminidase. according to specific enzymatic activities corresponding to mrc11 virus and b-ha alone respectively, b-ha contained less than 0.1% of enzymatically active neuraminidase orginally present in the virus. gel double diffusion tests, ...	1978	25002
autoantibodies in sera of rabbits immunized with influenza virus.	rabbits immunized with purified influenza a (h3n2) virus within 4 weeks developed autoantibodies of sma type (smooth muscle antibodies). in some of them also abba (antibodies against brush border of proximal renal tubuli) and ana (anti-nuclear antibodies) were detected. this autoimmune response was found to be unrelated to either the virus dose or the adjuvant used for immunization. autoantibodies were not parallel in titre with influenza antibody.	1977	23669
influenza virus antigens in human leukocytes after oral administration of live tissue culture influenza a monovaccine.	influenza a virus antigens were detected in leukocytes by immunofluorescence. after intravenous inoculation of the a/moscow/16/65 (h2n2) vaccine strain to chickens, cytoplasmic antigens of the virus were observed in mononuclear leukocytes from 24 to 72 hours post inoculation (p.i.). the course of antigen detectability was similar after two repeated inoculations of the virus. after oral vaccination of human volunteers with a live tissue culture influenza a monovaccine from the x-47 (h3n2) recombi ...	1977	22233
effect of influenza virus on the immune responsiveness of animals.	infection of mice with a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n2) and a/pr8/34 (h0n1) influenza virus strains resulted in a significant inhibition of the formation of antibody-producing cells in response to administration of sheep erythrocytes and a reduced capacity of spleen cells to induce "graft-versus-host" reaction. the immunosuppression caused by influenza infection was observed for a long period of time post infection (3--6 months). the extent of inhibition of antibody production depended on the dose of vir ...	1977	17278
isolation of anti-haemagglutinin antibodies with an influenza a virus immunoadsorbent.	the x-31 strain of influenza a (h3n2) virus has been covalently bound to cnbr activated agarose for the separation of anti-haemagglutinin antibodies. the virus immunoadsorbent was used repeatedly under high ionic strength alkali buffer and acid conditions without altering appreciably its antibody binding capacity. sequential elution of bound anti-haemagglutinin antibodies with increasing concentrations of sodium iodide has enabled the physical separation of antibody populations with low and high ...	1976	13126
interfering activity of virulent and attenuated influenza virus strains.	the interfering activity of influenza virus variants a/hong kong/1/68 (h3n202), a/victoria/35/72(h3n2-3), b/14/55 and b/ussr/69 differing in the level of their reactogenicity for adults and children was studied. an inverse relationship was established between reactogenicity of the strains and their interfering activity in the resistant chick embryo cell (cec) cultures. virulent strains did not interfere with vesicular stomatitis virus. vaccine strains used for commercial live influenza vaccine s ...	1976	9798
levels of immunoglobulins and antibodies to haemaglutinin and neuraminidase of influenza virus in nasal secretions after natural infection.	nasal washings (nw) from 16 influenza patients in the course of an epidemic in november and december, 1974 were examined for the presence of influenza virus, immunoglobulins (ig) and titres of haemagglutination inhibiting (hi) and neuraminidase inhibiting (ni) antibodies. influenza virus identical with a/port chalmers/1/73 (h3n2), increased levels of iga and occasionally igg, and specific antibodies were detected in the nw. the dynamics of hi and ni antibody formation did not differ substantiall ...	1976	5867