Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| effect of dietary beta-1,3 glucan on immune responses and disease resistance of healthy and aflatoxin b1-induced immunocompromised rohu (labeo rohita hamilton). | the immunostimulant beta-1,3 glucan was fed at 0.1% in feed for 7 days to healthy and aflatoxin b1 (afb1)-induced immunocompromised fish, labeo rohita (one of the major tropical carp species), in a 60 day trial. the effects of afb1, glucan and their interactions on non-specific and specific immunity levels and disease resistance of fish were studied. a single intraperitoneal injection of afb1 at 1.25 mg kg(-1) body weight) caused a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in non-specific immunity as mea ... | 2001 | 11759039 |
| [effect of silver carp stocking and fertilization on plankton community in enclosures in saline-alkaline ponds]. | the effect of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) stocking and fertilization on plankton community of enclosures ecosystem in saline-alkaline ponds were studied. after stocking silver carp in enclosures, the abundance, chlorophyll-a content and primary productivity of phytoplankton increased, and the biomass of phytoplankton was mainly composed by small species, such as diatom and green algae. moreover, euglnophyta and chrysophyta were also subdominant species. the biomass of zooplankton d ... | 2001 | 11757386 |
| role of neck region in the thermal aggregation of myosin. | carp dorsal myosin formed oligomers that retained atpase activity upon heating. cleavage of the oligomeric myosin at subfragment-1 (s-1)/rod junction released monomeric s-1 and rod, indicating that atpase retaining myosin associated near the s-1/rod junction. the digest also contained rod oligomers. heating a mixture of s-1 and rod generated neither atpase retaining s-1 oligomers nor rod oligomers. electron microscopic observation of the heated myosin revealed that some oligomers were formed by ... | 2002 | 11754567 |
| corticosteroids affect the testicular androgen production in male common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | our previous experiments to study the effect of stress adaptation on pubertal development in carp showed that repeated temperature stress and prolonged feeding with cortisol-containing food pellets, which mimics the endocrine stress effects, retarded the first waves of spermatogenesis and decreased 11-ketotestosterone (11kt) plasma levels. the objective of the present study was to investigate whether the decrease in plasma 11kt is caused by a direct effect of cortisol on the steroid-producing ca ... | 2002 | 11751271 |
| improved erythrocyte lysis assay in microtitre plates for sensitive detection and efficient measurement of haemolytic compounds from ichthyotoxic algae. | haemolytic substances produced by ichthyotoxic algae often are unknown in molecular structure or specific mechanism of toxicity. detection and quantification of such substances are dependent on bioassays, using markers that are sensitive for haemolytic impairment and generation of a recordable response. the erythrocyte lysis assay (ela) represents an advantageous bioassay in this respect, because the lytic response can be measured photometrically by the amount of released haemoglobin. the aim of ... | 2006 | 11746200 |
| analysis of expressed sequence tags (est) obtained from common carp, cyprinus carpio l., head kidney cells after stimulation by two mitogens, lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin-a. | a representative cdna library from mrna obtained from lipopolysaccharide and concanavalin-a-induced head kidney cells of carp, cyprinus carpio, was constructed. two hundred single pass and partially sequenced clones (au183343 to au183542) were generated from expressed sequence tags (ests) and these were searched for homology in the ddbj/genbank with blastn and blastx programs. clones matching known genes were classified according to their function and distribution. one hundred and twenty-nine ge ... | 2002 | 11742760 |
| effect of temperature on dietary vitamin c requirement and lipid in common carp. | we investigated the effect of temperature on the requirement of vitamin c in common carp. small carp (0.70 g) was separately cultured at 25 and 35 degrees c, respectively, and fed diet with or without supplement of 2000 ppm vitamin c. the fish increased weight gain and had smaller feed conversion rate at 25 degrees c than at 35 degrees c, with vitamin c-supplement and subsequently, without vitamin c-supplement. the level of vitamin c in the hepatopancreas and muscle, the ratio of hydroxyproline/ ... | 2002 | 11742752 |
| how to avoid cardiac ischemic events associated with aortic surgery. | whereas there is some degree of coronary artery disease (cad) in most patients undergoing vascular surgery, there is no consensus regarding how to avoid perioperative cardiac ischemic events. although this edition of seminars in vascular surgery is devoted to aortic surgery, it must be remembered that the incidence of adverse cardiac outcomes after infrainguinal operations is at least as great as after aortic procedures. thus, much of the information discussed herein will be applicable to patien ... | 2001 | 11740831 |
| somatotropic regulation of fish growth and adiposity: growth hormone (gh) and somatolactin (sl) relationship. | growth hormone (gh) and insulin-like growth factors (igfs) play a major role in fish development and metabolism, and several studies have allowed discernment of a complex and tissue-specific collection of salmonid igf-i transcripts (ea-4, ea-3, ea-2, ea-1), which are the result of the alternative splicing of the e-domain region. however, the pattern of igf-i expression is different in non-salmonid fish, and only one or two transcripts (ea-4, ea-2) have been detected in hepatic and extrahepatic t ... | 2001 | 11738631 |
| retina-specific cis-elements and binding nuclear proteins of carp rhodopsin gene. | the upstream cis-elements controlling the retina-specific expression of carp rhodopsin gene were fully characterized in vivo. transgenic studies demonstrated that both carp neural retina leucine zipper response-like element (cnre, within nucleotides (nt) -63 to -75) and carp-specific element (cse, nt -46 to -52) were crucial to reporter gene expression in medaka retinae. the retina-specific expression rates of embryos injected with nt -1 to -641 and longer fragments were much higher than those o ... | 2001 | 11718728 |
| low amplification and fast visual pigment phosphorylation as mechanisms characterizing cone photoresponses. | vertebrate cone photoreceptors are known to show lower light sensitivity and briefer photoresponses than rod photoreceptors. to understand the molecular mechanisms characterizing cone photoresponses, we compared some of the reactions in the phototransduction cascade between rods and cones. for this purpose, rods and cones were obtained in quantities large enough to do biochemical studies. the cells were purified from the retina of carp (cyprinus carpio) with a stepwise percoll gradient. the puri ... | 2001 | 11707584 |
| fish monocytes as a model for mycobacterial host-pathogen interactions. | mycobacterium marinum, a relatively rapid-growing fish and human pathogen, has become an important model for the investigation of mycobacterial pathogenesis. m. marinum is closely related to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and causes a disease in fish and amphibians with pathology similar to tuberculosis. we have developed an in vitro model for the study of m. marinum virulence mechanisms using the carp monocytic cell line clc (carp leukocyte culture). we found that fish monocytes can dif ... | 2001 | 11705902 |
| projection of sensory neurons with microvilli to the lateral olfactory tract indicates their participation in feeding behaviour in crucian carp. | in the olfactory system of vertebrates, a large number of primary sensory neurons terminate in glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, where they make synapses with a significantly smaller number of secondary neurons. we applied small amounts of a lipophilic neural tracer (dil) in the glomerular regions of the lateral olfactory bulb in crucian carp, and investigated the centrifugal migration of this stain through the secondary neurons towards the brain and peripherally to the sensory neurons of the olf ... | 2001 | 11705799 |
| is feeding behaviour in crucian carp mediated by the lateral olfactory tract? | experiments were performed to investigate which bundle of the olfactory tract was essential for mediating feeding behaviour in crucian carp. fish were divided in three groups: control fish, fish with only the lateral olfactory tracts (lots) intact and fish with the lots cut. the fish were maintained in physiological saline after surgery to preserve the remaining tracts and postoperative inspections revealed the functional status of the remaining tracts. with the injection of food odour into the ... | 2001 | 11705798 |
| genetic dissection of corticosterone receptor function in the rat hippocampus. | the hippocampus, a brain structure with a crucial role in learning and memory and an involvement in stress-related neurological or psychiatric disorders, is extremely sensitive to aberrant levels of corticosteroid stress hormones (cort). we hypothesized that cort-affected brain disorders are the result of aberrant expression of specific cort-responsive genes. in order to identify such genes, we have applied several gene expression profiling techniques such as differential display, dna micro-arra ... | 2001 | 11704419 |
| hyperactivity and impulsiveness in rats fed diets supplemented with either aroclor 1248 or pcb-contaminated st. lawrence river fish. | we examined whether exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) around puberty would produce hyperactivity and impulsiveness in adult sprague-dawley rats. randomly assigned groups consumed food containing environmental concentrations of aroclor 1248, pcb-contaminated st. lawrence river carp, or corn oil (control). all received operant training to a final multiple (mult) 120-s, fixed interval (fi), 5-min extinction (ext) schedule. pressing rates of both exposed groups for drops of water averaged ... | 2001 | 11704246 |
| role of two plasma vitellogenins from indian major carp (cirrhinus mrigala) in catfish (clarias batrachus) vitellogenesis. | complete vitellogenesis (synthesis and incorporation of vitellogenin, vg) in the female catfish, clarias batrachus, during different reproductive phases (preparatory, prespawning, and postspawning) of its annual ovarian cycle is induced by administering heterologous vg (semipurified; ult-i and purified; ha-i and ha-ii) isolated from the indian major carp, mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala). during the prespawning period, ult-i, which contains both ha-i and ha-ii, showed a dose-dependent response in rela ... | 2001 | 11703069 |
| 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin equivalents in tissue samples from three species in the denver, colorado, usa, metropolitan area. | the rocky mountain arsenal (rma), a superfund site near denver, colorado, usa, has a history of various industrial processes that may have led to the release of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (pcdds), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdfs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). the pcdds, pcdfs, and non-ortho- and mono-ortho-substituted pcbs cause a common set of toxic effects that are mediated through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (ahr). the total ahr-mediated activity of complex mixtures in ... | 2001 | 11699766 |
| the effect of two alkylphenols on vitellogenin levels in male carp. | nonylphenol and octylphenol, the major biodegradation products of nonionic surfactants, are among the increasing number of widely used industrial chemicals that are recognized as endocrine disrupters. in this study, nonylphenol and octylphenol were administered to male carp by injection, feeding and immersion, and a validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to monitor the plasma levels of the yolk precursor vitellogenin over time. in injection and feeding experiments, vitellog ... | 2001 | 11699573 |
| cytotoxic t cell function in fish. | fish possess immunoglobulins, major histocompatibility complex (mhc), t-cell receptors, and lymphocyte populations analogous to b and t cells and can evoke specific immune responses against a variety of antigens. however, t-cell subsets have yet to be demonstrated and the information on cell-mediated immunity is limited. here we briefly review our recent studies on specific cell-mediated immunity, particularly on cytotoxic t-cell function employing isogeneic fish and cell lines. analyses of the ... | 2002 | 11696378 |
| invasive carp in china's plateau lakes. | 2001 | 11695424 | |
| effects of 17alpha-methyltestosterone on seminal vesicle development and semen release response in the african catfish, clarias gariepinus. | the effects of 17alpha-methyltestosterone on seminal vesicle development in the african catfish, clarias gariepinus, were investigated in an attempt to improve semen collection from this species. treatment of larvae with dietary 17alpha-methyltestosterone at 50 mg kg(-1) for days 12-33 or days 12-40 after hatching, or at 20 mg kg(-1) for days 12-26, 12-33, 12-40 or 12-47 after hatching inhibited the development of the seminal vesicle finger-like extensions in male catfish, but did not affect the ... | 2001 | 11690543 |
| segregation of microsatellite alleles and residual heterozygosity at single loci in homozygous androgenetic common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | thirty-three androgenetic progeny groups of common carp were analysed using 11 microsatellite markers to (i) verify the homozygous status of the 566 androgenetic individuals, (ii) analyse the microsatellite allele segregation, and (iii) study the possible association of microsatellite alleles with phenotypic traits. in total, 92% of the androgenetic individuals proved to be homozygous at all 11 loci. forty-three of the 47 heterozygous individuals were heterozygous at a single locus only. this he ... | 2001 | 11681597 |
| determination of metallothionein at the femtomole level by constant current stripping chronopotentiometry. | metallothionein (mt) from rabbit liver was analyzed by differential pulse polarography, cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and chronopotentiometric stripping analysis (cpsa) with a hanging mercury drop electrode under various conditions. the highest sensitivity of the mt determination was obtained with cpsa which produced a well-developed peak h due to catalytic hydrogen evolution at highly negative potentials. the highest peak h was obtained in borate buffer close to ph 8.0. in this m ... | 2001 | 11681454 |
| effects of chloro-s-triazine herbicides and metabolites on aromatase activity in various human cell lines and on vitellogenin production in male carp hepatocytes. | we investigated a potential mechanism for the estrogenic properties of three chloro-s-triazine herbicides and six metabolites in vitro in several cell systems. we determined effects on human aromatase (cyp19), the enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens, in h295r (adrenocortical carcinoma), jeg-3 (placental choriocarcinoma), and mcf-7 (breast cancer) cells; we determined effects on estrogen receptor-mediated induction of vitellogenin in primary hepatocyte cultures of adult male carp (cyprinu ... | 2001 | 11675267 |
| a permanent fish cell line (epc) for genotoxicity testing of marine sediments with the comet assay. | genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were evaluated in an in vitro system with a permanent cell line epithelioma papulosum cyprini (epc) derived from a skin tumour of carp (cyprinus carpio l.). epc cells were exposed to different concentrations of organic sediment extracts from the north sea for 24h. after incubation the cells were analysed for viability and dna strand breaks with the comet assay or single cell gel electrophoresis (scge). the results confirm the sensitivity of this assay. out of 10 mar ... | 2001 | 11673072 |
| carp--a nutritional food: preliminary studies on the use of carp in the american diet. | 1981 | 11632318 | |
| [comparison of the effects of gonadotropic preparations of the carp and stellate sturgeon pituitaries on in vivo and in vitro oocyte maturation in the siberian sturgeon acipenser baeri brandt]. | injections of 2.5 mg/kg of stellate sturgeon (acipenser stellatus pall.) pituitary extract and 5 mg/kg of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) pituitary extract in siberian sturgeon (acipenser baeri brandt) females did not reveal significant differences in the effects of these preparations. there were no differences in the percentage of females that responded by ovulation, duration of the period from injection to ovulation, rate of ovulation, or quality of mature eggs as estimated by the percentage of fert ... | 2006 | 11605413 |
| [nucleocytoplasmic incompatibility in androgenetic fish hybrids can be overcome]. | many androgenetic fish hybrids are nonviable due to the disturbed interaction between the foreign nucleus and the cytoplasm. it has been proposed that this incompatibility can be overcome if eggs from interspecific hybrids and sperm from one of the parental species are used for diploid androgenesis. indeed, the androgenetic progeny obtained as a result of the insemination of the enucleated eggs of goldfish and carp hybrids by the carp spermatozoa proved to be viable and fertile. this approach ma ... | 2006 | 11605409 |
| role of ph on the calcium ion dependence of the nitric oxide synthase in the carp brain. | the role of ph on the calcium dependence of nitric oxide synthase (nos) of cyprinus carpio brain was investigated. this fish is known to survive prolonged periods of hypoxia. under this condition, cerebral blood flow is no longer regulated by nitric oxide (no). nitric oxide synthase activity is ph dependent in the range of ph between 7.4 and 6.2 with a decrease when tissue acidifies. at acidic ph, the dependence of the nos activity on the free ca(2+) concentrations changes considerably and shows ... | 2001 | 11604251 |
| trace metal levels in freshwater fish, sediment and water. | the trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and aquatic organisms, such as fish, could indicate the level and tendency of the pollution. this is important not only for the protection of the environment, but for evaluation of the quality of fish meat either captured from natural waters or cultured in fishponds. the total trace metal concentrations in samples of fish from different regions of hungary and from different species have been determined by using an x-ray fluorescence technique (ed ... | 2001 | 11601363 |
| glutamate transporter eaac1 is expressed on müller cells of lower vertebrate retinas. | the expression of glutamate transporter eaac1 was investigated in carp and bullfrog retinas using western blotting, immunofluorescence double labeling and confocal laser scanning microscopic techniques. in addition to a variety of retinal neurons, radially oriented elements spanning the whole neural retinas of carp and bullfrog were also eaac1-immunoreactive, and eaac1 was found to be predominantly on the cell membrane. virtually all eaac1-labeled radial elements were immunopositive to glial fib ... | 2001 | 11599005 |
| multiple transcripts generated by the dcamkl gene are expressed in the rat hippocampus. | we have recently cloned a novel doublecortin camk-like kinase (rdcamkl) cdna, and a related cdna called camk-related peptide (carp) from the rat hippocampus. these genes are structurally highly similar to the human dcamkl-1 gene and doublecortin, a gene associated with x-linked lissencephaly and subcortical band heterotopia. here we report on the genomic organization of the murine dcamkl gene and its products. our results show that dcamkl and carp are alternative splice products of the same gene ... | 2001 | 11597766 |
| is aeromonas hydrophila the dominant motile aeromonas species that causes disease outbreaks in aquaculture production in the zhejiang province of china? | the significance of aeromonas hydrophila in association with disease outbreaks in aquaculture production in the zhejiang province of china was investigated. bacteriological examination of moribund fish and crabs resulted in 95 bacterial isolates: 88 bacterial isolates from fish and 7 isolates from crabs. pcr and traditional biochemical methods were used for identification of a. hydrophila. out of 69 motile aeromonads, 35 isolates were identified as a. hydrophila by biochemical tests. however, 6 ... | 2001 | 11592699 |
| putative basal lateral membrane receptors for 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) in carp and atlantic cod enterocytes: characterization of binding and effects on intracellular calcium regulation. | the vitamin d metabolite, 24r,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) (24r,25(oh)(2)d(3)), was tested for its ability to specifically bind to basal lateral membranes isolated from intestinal epithelium of atlantic cod (a seawater fish), carp (a freshwater fish), and chicken. specific saturable binding was demonstrated in membranes from all three species. membranes from atlantic cod, carp, and chicken revealed k(d)'s of 7.3 +/- 0.9, 12.5 +/- 0.9 and 7.8 +/- 0.1 nm, and a b(max) for each species estimated to 57. ... | 2001 | 11573235 |
| surviving anoxia with the brain turned on. | crucian carp is one of few vertebrates that tolerate anoxia. it maintains brain atp during anoxia partially by reducing atp consumption. however, unlike turtles, which become comatose during anoxia, this fish remains physically active. this striking difference in anoxic survival strategy is reflected all the way down to the cellular level. | 2001 | 11572925 |
| [erod induction in liver microsome of carp(cyprinus carpio) by nitroaromatic hydrocarbons in vitro]. | nine nitroaromatic hydrocarbons (nahs) induction of erod activity was investigated by an in vitro assay based on carp (cyprinus carpio) hepatic microsome system. all nine nahs tested were found to induce the activity of erod. there was dose-effect relationship between erod activity and concentrations of nahs. it was found that erod activity was different, when different groups substituted at the same position of benzene ring, or the same group was at different position of benzene ring. | 2001 | 11569104 |
| insulin alone can lead to a withdrawal of meiotic arrest in the carp oocyte. | meiotic arrest of oocyte in an indian carp, labeo rohita ham. has been found for the first time to be withdrawn by insulin only. addition of insulin to oocytes in vitro caused germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd), one of the first visual markers to determine initiation of the final maturational process. under the influence of insulin the germinal vesicle (gv) of the oocyte migrated towards the animal pole, reached the micropyle and then dissolved (gvbd). by using different concentrations of insulin ... | 2001 | 11568479 |
| expression of soluble form carp (cyprinus carpio) ovarian cystatin in escherichia coli and its purification. | a dna encoding thioredoxin-mature carp ovarian cystatin (trx-cystatin) fusion protein was ligated into a pet-23a(+) expression vector and then transformed into escherichia coli ad494(de3) expression host. after induction by isopropyl beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside, a high level of the soluble form of recombinant trx-cystatin was expressed in the cytoplasm of e. coli. the recombinant trx-cystatin could be purified by ni(2+)-nta agarose affinity chromatography. the molecular mass (m) of the recombin ... | 2001 | 11559115 |
| induction of gynogenesis and androgenesis in goldfish carassius auratus (var. oranda). | chromosome engineering was used to develop lines that expressed the stable phenotypic characteristics of goldfish, carassius auratus (var. oranda). to obtain androgenetic individuals, carp eggs were irradiated and fertilized with sperm from goldfish bearing telescopic eyes. the fertilized eggs were divided into four groups and three of them were subjected to heat-shock treatment at 42 degrees c for 2.0 min at 34, 37 and 40 min after fertilization. all groups exhibited low viability of embryos an ... | 2001 | 11555368 |
| effects of bioaccumulation of pcbs on biodiversity and distribution of fish in two creeks in east tennessee (usa). | the oak ridge reservation, established in tennessee during world war ii as a research, development and process facilities support for the manhattan project, released large quantities of organic, inorganic and radionuclear contaminants into the environment. their effects are particularly evident in aquatic ecosystems, as chemical concentrations in water, and as a disease in biodiversity and species richness. east fork poplar creek and its tributary, bear creek flow inside the reservation and have ... | 2001 | 11554182 |
| modulation of fish phagocytic cells by n-terminal peptides of proopiomelanocortin (npp). | n-terminal peptide of proopiomelanocortin (npp, or pro-gamma-msh) has shown to exhibit biological activity such as stimulation of adrenal mitogenesis and prolactin release-inhibiting factor activity. structurally, studies reveal a significant difference between fish npp from that of tetrapods, as npps from carp and salmonid lack gamma-msh. thus, fish npp may exhibit functions different from that of mammals. the activation of phagocytic cells by npp was analysed using rainbow trout oncorhynchus m ... | 2001 | 11550181 |
| closed water recirculating system for fish rearing equipped with bioreactor capable of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. | five crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfiicarps had been reared in a closed water recirculating system. the system was equipped with the compact bioreactor using the plate gels capable of both nitrification and denitrification in a single unit. ammonia and nitrite concentrations in the rearing water had been maintained below 0.05 mg-n/l, and nitrate concentration also controlled between 2 and 8 mg-n/l with the bioreactor. as concerns nitrogen budget in the closed system, 95.0% of nitrogen ... | 1999 | 11542800 |
| nasda aquatic animal experiment facilities for space shuttle. | national space development agency of japan (nasda) has been developed aquatic animal experiment facilities for space experiments using nasa space shuttle. vestibular function experiment unit (vfeu) has been firstly designed and developed for spacelab-j mission (sts-47), and 8 days space experiment with carp has been performed. following, the vfeu, aquatic animal experiment unit (aaeu) has been developed to accommodate small aquatic animals second international microgravity laboratory mission (im ... | 1999 | 11542796 |
| carp experiment in space microgravity--a visual-vestibular sensory conflict model. | in the 8-d flight mission of spacelab-j (sts-47) conducted in 1992, behavior of the dorsal light response (dlr) and eeg activity of the cerebellum were intermittently examined for two carp, normal and otolith-removed. the latter carp had immobilization trouble caused by twisting of the eeg cable on day 2 inflight. the problem continued for the remainder of the experiment. analyses made on the normal carp provided additional evidence in fish for sensory-motor disorder and readjustment during earl ... | 1997 | 11541765 |
| space experiment using large-sized fish: in case of carp in spacelab-j mission. | two carp of 26 cm in size, intact and otolith-removed (lb), were flown on the spacelab-j for 8 days in september 12-20, 1992. light-dependent reaction to alternating direction of illumination was recorded for 10 min twice a day together with the cerebellar eeg activity, on 2 days before the launch, during the flight and for 4 days after the landing, in same fish chamber. reproducing the video image, it was revealed that both carp were healthy during the mission, but the lb fish was almost immobi ... | 1994 | 11539537 |
| direct and trophic contamination of the herbivorous carp ctenopharyngodon idella by inorganic mercury and methylmercury. | a comparative analysis of inorganic mercury (hg(ii)) and methylmercury (mmhg) bioaccumulation by the herbivorous fish ctenopharyngodon idella, via the direct and "direct+trophic" routes, was investigated experimentally. the direct contamination was based on fairly low exposure conditions (hg(ii), 300 ng small middle dotl(-1); mmhg, 30 ng small middle dotl(-1)), for 15 and 30 days. the trophic uptake was based on ingestion of macrophyte leaves (elodea densa), previously exposed for 87 days to sim ... | 2001 | 11534952 |
| the chemical and biogenotoxic characterization of organic xenobiotics in aquatic sediment materials 1. the application and comparison of chemically non-specific and biogenotoxic methods. | the aim of this work was to evaluate the ames assay and mixed function oxidase (mfo)-induct test used in parallel with chemical group tests (ecd fingerprint and pah estimation) for the characterization of the organic pollution of water sediment materials. sediment materials were collected from "clean" and relatively heavily polluted locations in the middle adriatic sea, and from some locations in continental croatia polluted with wastewaters from different enterprises. characterization of the or ... | 2001 | 11534898 |
| rainbow trout glucose transporter (onmyglut1): functional assessment in xenopus laevis oocytes and expression in fish embryos. | recently, we reported the cloning of a putative glucose transporter (onmyglut1) from rainbow trout embryos. in this paper, we describe the functional characteristics of onmyglut1 and its expression during embryonic development of rainbow trout. transport of d-glucose was analysed in xenopus laevis oocytes following microinjection of mrna transcribed in vitro. these experiments confirmed that onmyglut1 is a facilitative na(+)-independent transporter. assessment of substrate selectivity, sensitivi ... | 2001 | 11533116 |
| construction and characterization of bac libraries for three fish species; rainbow trout, carp and tilapia. | bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries are important tools for genomic research. we have constructed seven genomic bac libraries from three fish species, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), carp (cyprinus carpio) and tilapia (oreochromis niloticus). the two rainbow trout bac libraries have average insert sizes of 58 and 110 kb. the average size of inserts in the carp bac library is 160 kb. the average insert sizes of the four tilapia bac libraries are 65, 105, 145 and 194 kb, respectiv ... | 2001 | 11531698 |
| genetic diversity among different clones of the gynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio, revealed by transferrin and isozyme markers. | genetic diversity among four clones (a, d, e, f) of gynogenetic silver crucian carp was studied using transferrin and isozymes in the blood as markers. of the five proteins investigated, three (transferrin, esterase and superoxide dismutase) indicated polymorphism and eight polymorphic loci were detected. these loci were probably encoded by codominant alleles and their inheritance patterns were analyzed. intraclonal homogeneity and interclonal heterogeneity were observed in these clones, which a ... | 2001 | 11530857 |
| vitellogenin gene transcription: a relative quantitative exposure indicator of environmental estrogens. | we report the development of a quantifiable exposure indicator for measuring the presence of environmental estrogens in aquatic systems. synthetic oligonucleotides, designed specifically for the vitellogenin gene (vg) transcription product, were used in a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) protocol. this extremely sensitive and rapid method was able to detect vitellogenin gene transcription in male common carp (cyprinus carpio) injected with 17beta-estradiol. sequence analy ... | 2001 | 11521824 |
| identification and quantitation method for nonylphenol and lower oligomer nonylphenol ethoxylates in fish tissues. | substantial research is currently focused on the toxicological effects of alkylphenol ethoxylates (apes) and alkylphenols (aps) on aquatic animals. considerable data are available on the concentrations of apes and aps in river systems in the united states; however, few if any data are available on the tissue concentrations of fish living in these rivers. a reliable method for the analysis of nonylphenol (np) and lower oligomer nonylphenol ethoxylates (npe1-3) in fish tissues has been developed. ... | 2001 | 11521811 |
| effects of light and darkness on cell deaths in damaged retinal ganglion cells of the carp retina. | effects of light and darkness on the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (rgcs) in young carp were measured by tunel method after transection of the optic nerve. following the operation, the fish were kept under one of four regimens; constant darkness (dd), constant light (ll), 12 hr light and 12 hr dark (ld) and 3 hr of flickering light followed by 21 hr in the dark (fl). on day 3, the highest ratio of apoptotic rgcs was seen under conditions of dd, followed by ll, ld, and fl. on day 6, the per ... | 2001 | 11512415 |
| 3-methylcholanthrene increases phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced respiratory burst activity and intracellular calcium levels in common carp (cyprinus carpio l) macrophages. | phagocytic cells play a key role in the fish immune system. they secrete reactive oxygen species (ros) involved in their bactericidal activity. these cells are highly sensitive to pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other organic pollutants. we have investigated the intracellular mechanisms by which 3-methylcholanthrene (3-mc) increased bactericidal activity of carp phagocytes. macrophages isolated from head kidney (pronephros) and incubated 1 h with 3-mc enhanced their production ... | 2001 | 11509021 |
| inhibition of calcium signaling in terminal and soma of carp retinal bipolar cells by gaba. | to investigate the effect of activation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptors on high k(+)-evoked ca2+ signaling in the terminal and soma of carp retinal on-type bipolar cells. | 2000 | 11501179 |
| toxic effects of copper and zinc mixtures on some haematological and biochemical parameters in common carp, cyprinus carpio (linn). | the effect of heavy metals and mixture were studied on some haematological and biochemical parameters in fish, cyprinus carpio at sublethal level over the period of 30 days. heavy metal significantly decreased total rbc count, haemogoblin, heamatocrit (hct) (except copper after 10 days exposure). the wbc count was increased significantly in all the treated fish. the mch, mchc, mvc were increased depending upon the exposure period; declined pvc was noticed at 1% level of significance after 30 day ... | 2001 | 11500014 |
| [glycine modulates the erg b-waves and on-type bipolar cells in carp retina]. | in the present work we investigated the effects of glycine on the electroretinograms (erg) and light responses of on-type bipolar cells under dark- and light-adapted conditions in superfused, isolated crucian carp retinas. it was revealed that application of 4 mmol/l glycine significantly suppressed the b-waves and the responses of on-type bipolar cells and the effects were blocked by co-application of 20 mumol/l strychnine. in addition, glycine had no apparent action on the piii component (phot ... | 1999 | 11499004 |
| [light and electron microscopic observation of zinc distribution in the carp retina]. | localization of zinc in the carp retina in both light and dark adaptation was investigated using neo-timm sulfate silver method. the results showed that in light adaptation, zinc was preponderantly present in the outer plexiform layer (opl). both terminals of zinc containing photoreceptors and dendrites of bipolar cells usually extend into zinc staining areas in opl. in dark adaptation, zinc staining in retina is blanched or only appeared in cytoplasmic bodies of few cones. there is no significa ... | 1999 | 11498989 |
| interaction of cone signals on l-type horizontal cell in carp retina: experiments and modeling. | intracellular recordings were made from the luminosity type cone driven horizontal cells (lhcs) in the isolated carp retina and model analysis was performed to investigate possible mechanisms underlying the interaction of different cone signals converging onto these cells. it was observed that a green background light enhanced the lhc's red response, and such enhancement was closely related to the activation of green cones. model analysis showed that the activity of both glutamate- and gaba-rela ... | 1999 | 11498964 |
| identification of two hsp90 genes in carp. | two hsp90 cdna isoforms (hsp90alpha and hsp90beta) were isolated from the common carp (cyprinus carpio). gene-specific probes and primers were selected and used in northern blot hybridization and rt-pcr reactions to measure the basal hsp90 mrna levels and to follow the inducer-specific expression of the hsp90 genes in different tissues during in vivo studies. the hsp90beta gene is largely constitutively expressed at a fairly high level in all the examined tissues (brain, liver and kidney) and is ... | 2001 | 11489437 |
| effect of temperature on the uptake of waterborne strontium in the common carp, cyprinus carpio (l.). | the effect of temperature on the uptake kinetics of strontium (sr) in the common carp (cyprinus carpio) was studied in vivo, exposing pre-acclimated fish to a wide range of sr concentrations in water (sr(total)=0.2-10,000 microm; ca(total)=348 microm) at 10, 20, 25 and 30 degrees c. sr uptake rates were determined in the whole body, gills and blood of the fish after an exposure period of 3 h and were analyzed as a function of the free-ion activity of sr and ca in water. the uptake of sr(2+) by t ... | 2001 | 11489303 |
| organization of the nkef gene and its expression in the common carp (cyprinus carpio). | natural killer enhancing factor (nkef) is a member of the newly defined peroxiredoxin (prx) family. its functions are to enhance the cytotoxic capacity of natural killer cells and to prevent dna and protein from being damaged by oxidative stress in the presence of thiol compounds. however, little is known about the structure and function of nkef in lower vertebrates. we have recently cloned a cdna encoding nkef from the common carp (cyprinus carpio) by use of suppression subtractive hybridizatio ... | 2001 | 11472781 |
| in situ hybridization of somatolactin transcripts in the pituitary glands from acclimatized carp (cyprinus carpio). | we isolated and cloned a carp somatolactin sl dna fragment, of which 78% of the nucleotides were identical to the corresponding salmon sl sequence. the results obtained upon northern blot hybridization of carp pituitary rna allowed the identification of two transcripts as described for other fish. when the content of sl transcripts in pituitary sections from summer- and winter-acclimatized carp was quantified by in situ hybridization assays, we found no significant differences between the two se ... | 2001 | 11471523 |
| development of a fish in vitro cell culture model to investigate oxidative stress and its modulation by dietary vitamin e. | when cultured in dulbecco's minimal essential medium the established epithelioma papulosum cyprini cell line from carp was found to be vitamin e-deficient due to the very low level of vitamin e in the medium and the foetal calf serum used as supplement. the toxicity of oxidative stressors to this cell line was evaluated by means of the neutral red cytotoxicity assay and it was found that an organic hydroperoxide, t-butylhydroperoxide was extremely cytotoxic and that the redox-cycling agents diqu ... | 2013 | 11460747 |
| levels of cellular glutathione and metallothionein affect the toxicity of oxidative stressors in an established carp cell line. | the comparative toxicity of a variety of oxidative stressors was studied in the epithelioma papulosum cyprini line from carp using the neutral red cytotoxicity assay. lc50's decreased in the order t-butylhydroperoxide > hydrogen peroxide > diquat > paraquat. the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide was significantly reduced when the cells were grown in l-15 medium rather than mem and this could be attributed to elevated cellular glutathione and metallothionein levels and higher activities of gsh-de ... | 2013 | 11460739 |
| effects of the herbicide roundup on the ultrastructural pattern of hepatocytes in carp (cyprinus carpio). | experimental studies were performed on healthy, 80-100 g carp (cyprinus carpio). fish were exposed by emersion in roundup (205 mg of glyphosate/l or 410 mg of glyphosate/l) in concentrations of 40- to 20-fold lower than those used in practice. electron microscopy revealed that the herbicide caused appearance of myelin-like structures in carp hepatocytes, swelling of mitochondria and disappearance of internal membrane of mitochondria in carp at both exposure concentrations. it means that roundup ... | 2015 | 11460701 |
| effect of maillard reaction with glucose and ribose on solubility at low ionic strength and filament-forming ability of fish myosin. | it was previously reported that water-soluble fish meat can be prepared by the maillard reaction with reducing monosaccharides. to clarify the molecular mechanism of the solubility improvement caused by the glycosylation, carp myosin and myosin rod region were reacted with glucose and ribose, and their solubilities and filament-forming abilities at low ionic strength were investigated. the solubility of myosin in 0.1 m nacl increased with the glycosylation and reached the same level as in 0.5 m ... | 2001 | 11453782 |
| identification of a novel human ankyrin-repeated protein homologous to carp. | we cloned a novel ankyrin repeat protein, arpp, by immunoscreening a cdna library constructed from a human esophageal carcinoma cell line, te1, with an antibody directed to a hypothetical protein encoded by antisense p53 mrna. arpp protein is composed of 333 amino acids and contains four ankyrin-like repeat motifs in the middle portion of the protein, a pest-like sequence and a lysine-rich sequence similar to a nuclear localization signal in the n-terminal region, and a proline-rich region conta ... | 2001 | 11453652 |
| [cyclonucleotide-dependent pathway--one of the mechanisms of olfactory transduction of the amino acid signal in cyprinus carpio]. | 2015 | 11452779 | |
| differential role of adrenoceptors in control of plasma glucose and fatty acids in carp, cyprinus carpio (l.). | carp were cannulated in the dorsal aorta, and after 2 days of recovery they were infused with 1) norepinephrine, 2) yohimbine (alpha(2)-antagonist) plus norepinephrine, 3) clonidine (alpha(2)-agonist), and 4) isoproterenol (nonselective beta-agonist). norepinephrine lowered the plasma free fatty acid (ffa) level and raised the plasma glucose level for several hours. norepinephrine in combination with the alpha(2)-antagonist yohimbine resulted in retardation of the ffa decrease, indicating the in ... | 2001 | 11448867 |
| blocking ampa receptor desensitization prolongs spontaneous epsc decay times and depolarizes h1 horizontal cells in carp retinal slices. | desensitization of h1 horizontal cell (h1 hc) glutamate receptors was investigated in carp retinal slices using cyclothiazide (ctz), an inhibitor of ampa receptor desensitization. 100 microm ctz depolarized h1 hcs and increased the amplitude of light responses, without any prominent changes in their kinetics. spontaneous epscs (sepscs) in h1 hcs were observed in the presence of 2.5 mm heptanol, an uncoupling agent of gap junctions. 20 microm gyki52466 (an ampa receptor antagonist) blocked the se ... | 2001 | 11448513 |
| multiple vesiculoviral matrix proteins inhibit both nuclear export and import. | the matrix (m) protein of vesicular stomatitis virus inhibits both nuclear import and export. here, we demonstrate that this inhibitory property is conserved between the m proteins from two other vesiculoviruses, chandipura virus and spring viremia carp virus. all three m proteins completely block nuclear transport of spliced mrna, small nuclear rnas, and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins and slow the nuclear transport of many other cargoes. in all cases where transport was merely slowed by the m ... | 2001 | 11447272 |
| characterization of human skeletal muscle ankrd2. | human ankrd2 transcript encodes a 37-kda protein that is similar to mouse ankrd2 recently shown to be involved in hypertrophy of skeletal muscle. these novel ankyrin-rich proteins are related to c-193/carp/marp, a cardiac protein involved in the control of cardiac hypertrophy. a human genomic region of 14,300 bp was sequenced revealing a gene organization similar to mouse ankrd2 with nine exons, four of which encode ankyrin repeats. the intracellular localization of ankrd2 was unknown since no p ... | 2001 | 11444853 |
| altered serum sex steroids and vitellogenin induction in walleye (stizostedion vitreum) collected near a metropolitan sewage treatment plant. | several recent in situ studies have reported that domestic and mixed domestic/industrial sewage effluents contain one or more natural or anthropogenic estrogenic substances. those studies examined caged or feral fish for the presence of the egg yolk precursor protein, vitellogenin (vtg), in the blood of male fish. we have previously reported that male, feral carp (cyprinus carpio) obtained from the effluent channel of a major sewage treatment plant (stp) exhibited depressed serum testosterone (t ... | 2001 | 11443371 |
| comparative analysis of autoxidation of haemoglobin. | autoxidation of oxyhaemoglobin (oxyhb) to methaemoglobin was measured at different temperatures in haemoglobin solutions from atlantic hagfish, river lamprey, common carp, yellowfin tuna and pig. the aims were to evaluate the impact of the absent distal histidine in hagfish haemoglobin, the importance of oxyhb being either monomeric (hagfish and lamprey) or tetrameric (carp, tuna and pig) and to gain information on the temperature-sensitivity of autoxidation. the rate of autoxidation was lower i ... | 2001 | 11441044 |
| immunosuppressive effects of aflatoxin b1 in indian major carp (labeo rohita). | aflatoxin b1 (afb1) is a potent immunomodulator in endotherms. the experiment was carried out to study the immunosuppressive nature of afb1 in one ectothermic species of indian major carp. graded levels (0, 1.25, 5.00 mg/kg of body weight) of purified afb1 were intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected into rohu (labeo rohita) fingerlings weighing 30-50 g, and the fish were observed for a period of 90 days. at the end of the trial, blood samples were collected from the control group as well as the afb1 ... | 2001 | 11440188 |
| ontogenesis of hexokinase i and hexokinase iv (glucokinase) gene expressions in common carp (cyprinus carpio) related to diet. | the expressions of hexokinase iv (glucokinase, gk) and hexokinase (hk)-i genes were analysed during early ontogenesis of common carp (cyprinus carpio). unlike hk-i gene, which was expressed during all the stages of the development, gk was only induced by the first feeding with high levels of dextrin as a source of carbohydrate. this study confirms the high capacity of common carp to use glucose even at the very early stages of development. | 2001 | 11430768 |
| correlations between osteocalcin content, degree of mineralization, and mechanical properties of c. carpio rib bone. | osteocalcin is one of the most abundant noncollagenous proteins in bone. it is strongly associated with the mineral phase of bone, and has long been associated as a marker of bone turnover. however, its relationship to bone composition, strength, and structure is unclear. carp rib bone is an excellent model for the study, because osteocalcin represents almost 60% of the total extractable noncollagenous proteins found in it. because of the abundance of osteocalcin relative to other extractable pr ... | 2001 | 11426600 |
| invasive carp in the mississippi river basin. | 2001 | 11424944 | |
| micronuclei induced in erythrocytes of cyprinus carpio (teleostei, pisces) by x-rays and colchicine. | in the present work the induction of micronuclei in erythrocytes of cyprinus carpio treated with x-rays and colchicine is studied for the evaluation of mutagenic effects of both clastogenic and mitoclastic (spindle poisoning) agents in this system. three different experiments were performed treating groups of laboratory-reproduced animals with (1) single doses of x-rays (0.1, 0.5 and 2gy); (2) a single i.p. injection of colchicine at the concentrations: 1.6x10(-2), 8x10(-2), 0.4 and 2mg/kg b.w. ... | 2001 | 11423354 |
| hydrogen ion binding properties of tuna haemoglobins. | tunas are very active fish with a high aerobic capacity, but they also regularly perform burst swimming with massive production of lactic acid. the present study examines whether h(+) buffering by tuna haemoglobin (hb) is elevated to cope with metabolic acidoses (by analogy with the high buffer capacity of tuna white musculature) or whether the hb-h(+) binding properties resemble other teleosts that have low buffer values and high haldane effects. h(+) titration of oxygenated and deoxygenated co ... | 2001 | 11423321 |
| physiological and pharmacological characterization of glutamate and gaba receptors on carp retinal neurons. | 2001 | 11420948 | |
| identification and localization of connexin26 within the photoreceptor-horizontal cell synaptic complex. | connexin26 (cx26) is a member of the family of integral membrane proteins that normally form intercellular gap junctional channels. we have used western blotting, immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscopy, and single-cell reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction amplification (rt-pcr) to analyze the expression and cellular localization of cx26 in the carp retina. in the outer plexiform layer, strong clustered cx26 immunolabeling was concentrated at and restricted to the terminal dendr ... | 2001 | 11417791 |
| immunological parameters of javanese carp puntius gonionotus (bleeker) exposed to copper and challenged with aeromonas hydrophila. | this study was to determine the median lethal concentration (lc50) of copper to javenese carp, puntius gonionotus (bleeker), and the immune response after the fish were exposed to sublethal levels of copper and challenged with formalin killed aeromonas hydrophila. the lc50 of copper on p. gonionotus at 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h were estimated as 2.17, 0.91, 0.57, 0.53 and 0.42 mg l(-1), respectively. to determine the effect of copper on the immune system, fish were exposed for 66 days to 0.05, 0. ... | 2001 | 11417716 |
| differential gene expression in fully-grown oocytes between gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian carps. | silver crucian carp (carassius auratus gibelio) is a unique triploid bisexual species that can reproduce by gynogenesis. as all other gynogenetic animals, it keeps its chromosome integrity by inhibiting the first meiosis division (no extrusion of the first pole body). to understand the molecular events governing this reproduction mode, suppression subtractive hybridization was used to identify the genes differentially expressed in fully-grown oocytes of the gynogenetic and gonochoristic crucian ... | 2001 | 11410372 |
| plasticity of myosin heavy chain expression with temperature acclimation is gradually acquired during ontogeny in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were reared from hatching until 61 mm total length (tl) at 21 degrees c. at 14 weeks and 20 weeks post-hatch, corresponding to initial lengths of 30 mm and 44 mm respectively, fish were acclimated to 10 degrees c using a rate of cooling of 1 degrees c per day. a statistical model was used to compare the time course in the change of white muscle myofibrillar atpase activity with temperature acclimation. the myosin heavy chain (mhc) composition of white muscle myof ... | 2001 | 11409629 |
| selective synaptic distribution of ampa and kainate receptor subunits in the outer plexiform layer of the carp retina. | the subunit composition of ionotropic glutamate receptors (glurs) is extremely diverse and responsible for the diversity of postsynaptic responses to the release of glutamate, which is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the retina. to understand the functional consequences of this diversity, it is necessary to reveal the synaptic localization and subunit composition of glurs. we have used immuno light and electron microscopy to localize ampa and kainate (glur1, glur2/3, glur4, glur5-7) sub ... | 2001 | 11406824 |
| assessment of ovulation of common carp (cyprinus carpio) females selected for induced spawning on the basis of external morphological characteristics. | secondary sexual characteristics such as softening and rounding of the abdomen as well as reddening and protrusion of the anal papilla and vent can be of help to breeders in selecting common carp (cyprinus carpio) females prepared for propagation. to assess the reliability of this method, long-term data obtained on induced spawning of common carp at a large-scale fish hatchery were evaluated. the average spawning ratio of 2,620 females receiving hormonal injections was 79.8%. the average pseudog ... | 2000 | 11402668 |
| profenofos residues in wild fish from cotton-growing areas of new south wales, australia. | the organophosphorus (op) pesticide profenofos (o-4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl o-ethyl s-propyl phosphorothioate) is used heavily in cotton-growing areas of eastern australia toward the end of the growing season. european carp (cyprinus carpio), bony bream (nematalosa erebi), and mosquitofish (gambusia holbrooki) were collected from the cotton-growing areas around wee waa, new south wales, to determine the relationship between profenofos residues and acetyl-cholinesterase (ache) activity in wild fish. ... | 2015 | 11401263 |
| cortisol affects testicular development in male common carp, cyprinus carpio l., but not via an effect on lh secretion. | previous work showed that prolonged elevated cortisol levels, implicated in the stress adaptation, inhibits testicular pubertal development in male common carp, as well as an impairment of the synthesis of the 11-oxygenated androgens. this may be a direct effect of cortisol on the testis or via the gonadotropin secretion by the pituitary. the aim of the present study was to investigate whether cortisol has an effect on pituitary lh secretion. juvenile common carp were fed with cortisol containin ... | 2001 | 11399504 |
| molecular cloning of carp (cyprinus carpio) c-type lectin and pentraxin by use of suppression subtractive hybridisation. | 2001 | 11394694 | |
| effects of carp and tuna oils on 5-fluorouracil-induced antitumor activity and side effects in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. | in this study, we examined the effects of fish oils on 5-fluorouracil (5-fu)-induced antitumor activity in mice. first, we examined the antitumor activity of the oral administration of two fish oils (carp oil and tuna oil) in sarcoma 180-bearing mice. carp oil (0.2 and 0.4 ml/mouse) and tuna oil (0.2 and 0.4 ml/mouse) had no effects on tumor growth. next, we examined the combined effects of 5-fu plus two fish oils (carp oil and tuna oil) on the antitumor activity and side effects compared to the ... | 2001 | 11383685 |
| levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in fish: the influence on local decision making about fish consumption. | in 1989, the level of aroclor 1254 (a mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls with 42 percent chlorine by weight) in fish collected from a recreational pond in toledo, ohio, was reported to be 44.4 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg), prompting local health officials to declare a "no fishing advisory" for the pond. a second study conducted in 1990 did not identify elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in fish tissue. in other words, the two studies gave conflicting results. the purpose of ... | 2001 | 11381865 |
| differential expression of max and two types of c-myc genes in a tetraploid fish, the common carp (cyprinus carpio). | we cloned the full-length cdna of max gene from the common carp (cyprinus carpio). the cdna clone of carp max consists of 1209 bp and contained an atg-initiated orf consisting of 156 aa. the carp max share 76.7-93.8% aa identity with those of human, mouse, rat, chicken, xenopus and zebrafish, respectively. the 15 bp alternative splicing was observed in the loop region of helix-loop-helix and is not previously described in mammalian max sequences. transcripts of max gene were observed in all of t ... | 2001 | 11376943 |
| accumulation and partition of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (pcdd/f) in the muscle and liver of fish. | the present study monitored fish from sites contaminated for many years, and the data reflected the results of actual, long-term environmental exposure. the sum concentrations and teqs of pcdd/f in the muscle of common carp (cyprinus carpio (linnaeus)) and big head (aristichthys nobilis) from the different site of a heavily polluted lake in china are decreased with decrease of pcdd/f concentration in sediment and water. concentration in fish can be highly variable, but the concentration is compa ... | 2016 | 11372847 |
| effects of estradiol, progesterone and testosterone on the function of carp, cyprinus carpio, phagocytes in vitro. | the modulation of phagocytic cells by beta-estradiol, 11-ketotestosterone and progesterone was analyzed in common carp cyprinus carpio. carp kidney leukocytes were cultured in rpmi 1640 medium containing 0.1, 1, 10, 100 or 1000 nm concentration of each hormone. the production of superoxide anion, nitric oxide (no) and phagocytosis were measured in vitro. similar concentrations of cortisol were used as control. phagocytic activities of carp macrophages was suppressed by treatment with beta-estrad ... | 2001 | 11369300 |
| heat shock stimulation of a tilapia heat shock protein 70 promoter is mediated by a distal element. | we reported previously that a tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus) heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) promoter is able to confer heat shock response on a reporter gene after transient expression both in cell culture and in microinjected zebrafish embryos. here we present the first functional analysis of a fish hsp70 promoter, the tihsp70 promoter. using transient expression experiments in carp epc (epithelioma papulosum cyprini) cells and in microinjected zebrafish embryos, we show that a distal heat sh ... | 2001 | 11368761 |
| a probabilistic model for silver bioaccumulation in aquatic systems and assessment of human health risks. | silver (ag) is discharged in wastewater effluents and is also a component in a proposed secondary water disinfectant. a steady-state model was developed to simulate bioaccumulation in aquatic biota and assess ecological and human health risks. trophic levels included phytoplankton, invertebrates, brown trout, and common carp. uptake routes included water, food, or sediment. based on an extensive review of the literature, distributions were derived for most inputs for use in monte carlo simulatio ... | 2001 | 11351445 |
| morphological and metabolic changes in common carp, cyprinus carpio, during short-term copper exposure: interactions between cu2+ and plasma cortisol elevation. | the effects of increased endogenous cortisol levels were compared with those of sublethal copper exposure in the freshwater common carp, cyprinus carpio. fish were exposed to either increased levels of endogenous cortisol (200 ng/ml) or sublethal copper (1.9 microm) alone or were pretreated by elevating plasma cortisol levels prior to copper exposure to assess whether interactions between both treatments occurred. effects induced by increased cortisol levels included increased na+/k(+)-adenosine ... | 2001 | 11351438 |