Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| structural and expressional analysis of the b-hordein genes in tibetan hull-less barley. | the b-hordein gene family was analyzed from two tibetan hull-less barley cultivars z09 and z26 (hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare). fourteen b-hordein genes, designated bz09-2 to bz09-5 (from z09) and bz26-1 to bz26-10 (from z26), were sequenced. seven of them, similar to a previously reported bz09-1 from z09, were predicted to encode putative active proteins each with a signal peptide, a repetitive domain, and a c-terminal region; seven of them were predicted to be pseudogenes. the b-hordein gene ... | 2010 | 19856114 |
| [exploring novel hyperspectral band and key index for leaf nitrogen accumulation in wheat]. | the objectives of the present study were to explore new sensitive spectral bands and ratio spectral indices based on precise analysis of ground-based hyperspectral information, and then develop regression model for estimating leaf n accumulation per unit soil area (lna) in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). three field experiments were conducted with different n rates and cultivar types in three consecutive growing seasons, and time-course measurements were taken on canopy hyperspectral reflec ... | 2009 | 19839336 |
| responses of wheat seedlings to exogenous selenium supply under cold stress. | dose-dependent effects of selenium on growth and physiological trait of wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l. cv han no.7086) exposed to cold stress are reported. responses of seedlings were different depending on the se concentration. the treatments with 0.5 and 1.0 mg se kg(-1) significantly increased biomass and chlorophyll content of seedlings. however, the treatments at 2.0 and 3.0 mg se kg(-1) only induced an evident increase in chlorophyll content and did not promote biomass accumulation ... | 2010 | 19830391 |
| nucleotide polymorphism in the wheat transcriptional activator spa influences its pattern of expression and has pleiotropic effects on grain protein composition, dough viscoelasticity, and grain hardness. | storage protein activator (spa) is a key regulator of the transcription of wheat (triticum aestivum) grain storage protein genes and belongs to the opaque2 transcription factor subfamily. we analyzed the sequence polymorphism of the three homoeologous spa genes in hexaploid wheat. the level of polymorphism in these genes was high particularly in the promoter. the deduced protein sequences of each homoeolog and haplotype show greater than 93% identity. two major haplotypes were studied for each s ... | 2009 | 19828671 |
| characterization of the primary cell walls of seedlings of brachypodium distachyon--a potential model plant for temperate grasses. | the genome of brachypodium distachyon, also known as purple false brome, was fully sequenced in 2008 largely in response to the demand for a model plant for temperate grasses. a comparative study of the primary cell walls of seedlings of b. distachyon, hordeum vulgare and triticum aestivum was carried out. the cell walls of the three species were characterized by similar relative levels of, and developmental changes in, hemicelluloses. the occurrence of (1,3;1,4)-beta-d-glucans was correlated wi ... | 2010 | 19828160 |
| [a search for high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin from triticum timopheevi zhuk. in the lines of common wheat (triticum aestivum l. x triticum timopheevi zhuk.)]. | the study is a continuation of investigation of prolamins in brown rust-resistant introgressive lines of common wheat, produced with participation of triticum timopheeevi zhuk. two wheat lines with a substitution of the glu-1 loci of t. timopheevi were identified. line 684 had high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits encoded by 1ax, as well as by 1ay gene, which was silent in commercial lines. it was demonstrated that line 684 could serve as a source of the glu-at1 locus. line 186 carried the glu ... | 2009 | 19824551 |
| [features of the regulation of meiotic restitution in androgenic haploids of wheat-rye substitution lines 2r(2d)1, 2r(2d)3, and 6r(6a) (triticum aestivum l., cultivar saratovskaya 29/secale cereale l., cultivar onokhoiskaya)]. | regulation of meiotic restitution in androgenic haploids generated by cultivation of isolated pollinators of three wheat-rye substitution lines 2r(2d)1, 2r(2d)3, and 6r(6a) (triticum aestivum l., cultivar saratovskaya 29/secale cereale l., cultivar onokhoiskaya) was studied. the presence of rye chromosomes and the absence of homeologous wheat chromosomes in the haploid plant genome was shown to cause meiotic restitution, as observed in the case of androgenic haploids 6r(6a), or to inhibit in--in ... | 2009 | 19824541 |
| genetic behavior of controlling area under disease progress curve for stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in two wheat (triticum aestivum) crosses. | genetic effects on controlling resistance to stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici eriksson)were determined in two wheat crosses, bakhtawar-92 (b-92) x frontana and inqilab-91 x fakhre sarhad using area under the disease progress curve (audpc) as a measure of stripe rust resistance. the resistant and susceptible parents involved in developing genetic populations were identified by initial assessment of 45 wheat accessions for stripe rust reaction. mixed inheritance model was applied t ... | 2009 | 19821730 |
| identification of genes involved in stem rust resistance from wheat mutant d51 with the cdna-aflp technique. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) stem rust caused by puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the main diseases of wheat worldwide. wheat mutant line d51, which was derived from the highly susceptible cultivar l6239, shows resistance to the prevailing races 21c3cph, 21c3ckh, and 21c3ctr of p. graminis f. sp. tritici in china. in this study, we used the cdna-aflp technology to identify the genes that are likely involved in the stem rust resistance. ecori/msei selective primers were used to generate ... | 2010 | 19821052 |
| inter- and intra-genomic transfer of small chromosomal segments in wheat-rye allopolyploids. | newly synthesized wheat-rye allopolyploids, derived from triticum aestivum mianyang11 x s. cereale kustro, were investigated by sequential fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) and genomic in situ hybridization (gish) using rye tandem repeat psc200 and rye genomic dna as probes, respectively, over the first, second and third allopolyploid generations. fish signals of psc200 could be observed at both telomeres/subtelomeres of all 14 chromosomes of the parental rye. in the first allopolyploid g ... | 2010 | 19821008 |
| homoeologous recombination within bread wheat to develop novel combinations of hmw-gs genes: transfer of the glu-a1 locus to chromosome 1d. | in an attempt to improve the bread-making quality within hexaploid wheat by elaborating novel high-molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) combinations useful in wheat-breeding programmes, a 1a chromosome fragment carrying the glu-a1 locus encoding the subunit ax2*, was translocated to the long arm of chromosome 1d. the partially isohomoeoallelic line, designated rr239, had a meiotic behaviour as regular as cv. courtot. it was characterised using genomic in situ hybridization and microsatell ... | 2009 | 19820963 |
| adaptive evolution of chloroplast genomes in ancestral grasses. | the grass family, poaceae, is one of the most successful families among angiosperms. although it has long been suggested that the chloroplast genomes of the poaceae have undergone an elevated evolutionary rate compared to other angiosperms, little was known about the details of this phenomenon. by using chloroplast genome data from 31 seed plants species, we recently showed that episodic rate acceleration occurred in the common ancestral branch of the core poaceae (a clade formed by rice oryza s ... | 2009 | 19820316 |
| ammonium nitrate improves direct somatic embryogenesis and biolistic transformation of triticum aestivum. | triticum aestivum is of major importance both nutritionally and economically. introduction of new genes has been difficult to apply to elite wheat varieties mainly as a result of their recalcitrance to prerequisite tissue culture. we attempted to improve the frequency of wheat transformation by exposing plants to high level of ammonium nitrate. our experiments showed that modification of the ammonium nitrate content in the direct somatic embryogenesis induction medium can increase the number of ... | 2009 | 19818315 |
| drought-induced changes in photosynthetic membranes of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. | two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars contrasting in architectonics and differing in drought resistance, azamatli-95 (short stature, vertically oriented small leaves, drought-tolerant) and giymatli-2/17 (short stature, broad and drooping leaves, drought-sensitive), were studied. it was found that the content of cp i (115 kda) and 63-kda apoprotein p700 and also lhc ii polypeptides increases slightly in the drought-resistant cv. azamatli-95 under extreme water supply limitation, while their ... | 2009 | 19817691 |
| influence of the production method on phytochemical concentrations in whole wheat (triticum aestivum l.): a comparative study. | the present study was performed to evaluate the concentrations of phytochemicals (carotenoids and phenolic acids) in wheat varieties grown under comparable organic and conventional conditions over three years as part of a long-term field trial. phenolic acids of the hydroxybenzoic acid and hydroxycinnamic acid group were quantified by hplc-dad after extraction as free, soluble conjugated, and bound forms. furthermore, the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin were determined by hplc-dad. there were ... | 2009 | 19817369 |
| wheat quality related differential expressions of albumins and globulins revealed by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-d dige). | comparative proteomics analysis offers a new approach to identify differential proteins among different wheat genotypes and developmental stages. in this study, the non-prolamin expression profiles during grain development of two common or bread wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.), jing 411 and sunstate, with different quality properties were analyzed using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-d dige). five grain developmental stages during the post-anthesis period were sampled c ... | 2009 | 19815103 |
| pyrene effects on rhizoplane bacterial communities. | certain plant species promote biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), but few studies have examined the microbial populations that are associated with the rhizoplane of these plants. in this study, the bacterial composition of the rhizoplane were characterized for four plant species during in soils with different histories of exposure to pah and in the presence or absence of a pyrene spike at 100 mg kg(-1) pyrene. three of the plant species including andropogon gerrardii, pani ... | 2009 | 19810358 |
| optimization of extraction of lipase from wheat seeds (triticum aestivum) by response surface methodology. | this work aimed to evaluate the effects of particle size, solid/solvent ratio (w/v), and reaction time on hydrolytic and esterification activities of a lipase extract from wheat seeds. the higher hydrolytic activity was 5.9 u/g with a particle size of 425 microm, solid/solvent ratio of 30:60 (w/v), and reaction time of 15 h, with maximum hydrolytic activity of 14.47 u/g after 24 h of precipitation. for esterification activity the best result was 57.88 u/g with a particle size of 425 microm and s ... | 2009 | 19803518 |
| responses of wheat seedlings to cadmium, mercury and trichlorobenzene stresses. | the molecular response of wheat (triticum aestivum l., cv. yangmai 13) seedlings to heavy metal (cd, hg) and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (tcb) stresses were examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, image analysis, and peptide mass fingerprinting. the results showed inhibitions of root and shoot growth by cd, hg, and tcb. these stresses led to water deficit and lipid phosphorylation in the seedling which also promoted protein phophorylation in the leaves. hg stress inhibited protein synthesis ... | 2009 | 19803087 |
| enzymatic properties of the 20s proteasome in wheat endosperm and its biochemical characteristics after seed imbibition. | the 20s proteasome from wheat (triticum aestivum l., yangmai 158) endosperm was purified to apparent homogeneity by three sequential centrifugations and gradient page (gpage). the purified 20s proteasome clearly cleaved peptidyl-arylamide bonds in the model synthetic substrates z-ggl-amc and z-ggr-amc, which are used to reflect chymotrypsin-like and trypsin-like activity, respectively. for both substrates, the optimum ph was 8.0, but the optimum temperatures for chymotrypsin-like and trypsin-lik ... | 2009 | 19796362 |
| tree-based intercropping systems increase growth and nutrient status of hybrid poplar: a case study from two northeastern american experiments. | tree-based intercropping is considered to be a potentially useful land use system for mitigating negative environmental impacts from intensive agriculture such as nutrient leaching and greenhouse gas emissions. rapid early growth of trees is critical for rapidly accruing environmental benefits provided by the trees. we tested the hypothesis that intercropping increases the growth and nutrient status of young hybrid poplars (populus spp.), compared to a harrowing alley treatment (i.e., no intercr ... | 2009 | 19783353 |
| effects of cadmium on plant growth and physiological traits in contrast wheat recombinant inbred lines differing in cadmium tolerance. | four wheat (triticum aestivum l.) lines differing in cadmium (cd) tolerance previously identified from a recombinant inbred line population were subjected to 50 microm cdcl2 from the three-leaf stage for 24 d, to investigate the responses of wheat seedlings to cd toxicity. under cd stress, most growth parameters and root morphological traits were reduced, except for secondary root numbers and average root diameter. cd enhanced leaf cell peroxidation due to increased malondialdehyde (mda) content ... | 2009 | 19783279 |
| utilization of blue-grained character in wheat breeding derived from thinopyrum poticum. | the blue grain trait in common wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n=6x=42, aabbdd), which is caused by blue pigments in the aleurone layer, was originally derived from the tall wheatgrass (thinopyrum ponticum liu & wang=agropyron elongatum, 2n=10x=70, ststststeeeeebebexex) during chromosome engineering research. over the last few decades, there have been continued interests in the genetic mechanism of this blue coloration and the practical utilization of the blue aleurone character as a phenotypic ma ... | 2009 | 19782959 |
| research progress in bydv resistance genes derived from wheat and its wild relatives. | barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv) may cause a serious disease affecting wheat worldwide. true resistance to bydv is not naturally found in wheat. bydv resistance genes are found in more than 10 wild relative species belonging to the genera of thinopyrum, agropyron, elymus, leymus, roegneria, and psathyrostachy. through wide crosses combining with cell culture, use of ph mutants, or irradiation, 3 bydv resistance genes in th. intermedium, including bdv2, bdv3 and bdv4, were introgressed into commo ... | 2009 | 19782958 |
| progress of chromosome engineering mediated by asymmetric somatic hybridization. | plant somatic hybridization has progressed steadily over the past 35 years. many hybrid plants have been generated from fusion combinations of different phylogenetic species, some of which have been utilized in crop breeding programs. among them, asymmetric hybrid, which usually contains a fraction of alien genome, has received more attention because of its importance in crop improvement. however, few studies have dealt with the heredity of the genome of somatic hybrid for a long time, which has ... | 0 | 19782956 |
| synthetic hexaploid wheat and its utilization for wheat genetic improvement in china. | synthetic hexaploid wheat (triticum turgidumxaegilops tauschii) was created to explore for novel genes from t. turgidum and ae. tauschii that can be used for common wheat improvement. in the present paper, research advances on the utilization of synthetic hexaploid wheat for wheat genetic improvement in china are reviewed. over 200 synthetic hexaploid wheat (shw) accessions from the international maize and wheat improvement centre (cimmyt) were introduced into china since 1995. four cultivars de ... | 2009 | 19782955 |
| effects of elevated co2 on grain yield and quality of wheat: results from a 3-year free-air co2 enrichment experiment. | spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. triso) was grown for three consecutive seasons in a free-air carbon dioxide (co(2)) enrichment (face) field experiment in order to examine the effects on crop yield and grain quality. co(2) enrichment promoted aboveground biomass (+11.8%) and grain yield (+10.4%). however, adverse effects were predominantly observed on wholegrain quality characteristics. although the thousand-grain weight remained unchanged, size distribution was significantly shifted towar ... | 2009 | 19778369 |
| identification of structural determinants for inhibition strength and specificity of wheat xylanase inhibitors taxi-ia and taxi-iia. | triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor (taxi)-type inhibitors are active against microbial xylanases from glycoside hydrolase family 11, but the inhibition strength and the specificity towards different xylanases differ between taxi isoforms. mutational and biochemical analyses of taxi-i, taxi-iia and bacillus subtilis xylanase a showed that inhibition strength and specificity depend on the identity of only a few key residues of inhibitor and xylanase [fierens k et al. (2005) febs j 272, 5872-5882 ... | 2009 | 19769747 |
| [the role of hormonal balance in plant adaptation to flooding]. | the effect of flooding on the growth parameters and hormonal dynamics (auxins, abscisic acid, cytokinins, gibberellins, and ethylene) has been studied in a vegetation experiment on the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and oat (avena sativa l.). growth inhibition during flooding in both species was due to the accumulation of abscisic acid and ethylene, while the repair processes were due to the increased level of auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins. the difference in the hormonal response ... | 2016 | 19768962 |
| localisation of quantitative trait loci for quality attributes in a doubled haploid population of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | selection of wheat germplasm for a range of quality traits has been a challenging exercise because of the cost of testing, the variation within testing data, and a poor understanding of the underlying genetics. the objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (qtls) underlying quality traits in wheat. a doubled haploid population comprising 190 lines from chara/ww2449 was grown in two different environments and evaluated for various quality traits. a molecular map comprising 3 ... | 2009 | 19767900 |
| [hydrogen peroxide production in wheat leaves infected with the fungus septoria nodorum berk. strains with different virulence]. | the effect of two strains of the phytopathogenic fungus septoria nodorum berk. of different virulence on the intensity of local generation of hydrogen peroxide in common wheat leaves and the role of oxidoreductases in this process was studied. differences in the pattern of hydrogen peroxide production in wheat plants infected with high- and low-virulence pathogen strains have been found. the low-virulent s. nodorum strain caused a long-term hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) generation in the infection zo ... | 2009 | 19764620 |
| identification of a hybridization window that facilitates sizeable reductions of pollen-mediated gene flow in spring wheat. | transgenic wheat (triticum aestivum l.) with improved agronomic traits is currently being field-tested. gene flow in space is well-documented, but isolation in time has not received comparable attention. here, we report the results of a field experiment that investigated reductions in intraspecific gene flow associated with temporal isolation of flowering between t. aestivum conspecifics. pollen-mediated gene flow (pmgf) between an imazamox-resistant (ir) volunteer wheat population and a non-ir ... | 2010 | 19763864 |
| wheat stripe rust resistance genes yr5 and yr7 are allelic. | stripe rust is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat. breeding for resistance is the most economical and environmentally acceptable means to control stripe rust. genetic studies on resistance sources are very important. previous inheritance studies on triticum aestivum subsp. spelta cv. album and wheat cultivar lee showed that each possessed a single dominant gene for stripe rust resistance, i.e., yr5 and yr7, respectively. both were located on the long arm of chromosome 2b, but due to t ... | 2009 | 19763533 |
| behavioural responses of the maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais, to host (stored-grain) and non-host plant volatiles. | four-arm olfactometer bioassays were conducted to assess the behavioural responses of the adult maize weevil, sitophilus zeamais (motschulsky) (coleoptera: curculionidae), to harvested seeds of host plants, i.e. white maize, yellow maize (zea mays l.) and winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) (poaceae), and non-host plant materials, i.e. alligator pepper, aframomum melegueta (rosk) k. schum (zingiberaceae), rhizomes of ginger, zingiber officinale (roscoe) (zingiberaceae), and west african black pe ... | 2010 | 19760598 |
| mlag12: a triticum timopheevii-derived powdery mildew resistance gene in common wheat on chromosome 7al. | wheat powdery mildew is an economically important disease in cool and humid environments. powdery mildew causes yield losses as high as 48% through a reduction in tiller survival, kernels per head, and kernel size. race-specific host resistance is the most consistent, environmentally friendly and, economical method of control. the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germplasm line nc06bgtag12 possesses genetic resistance to powdery mildew introgressed from the aagg tetraploid genome triticum timopheevi ... | 2009 | 19760389 |
| cloning and characterization of a wheat beta-1,3-glucanase gene induced by the stripe rust pathogen puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | b-1,3-glucanases are a group of pathogenesis related proteins that have been reported to be involved in plant defense against pathogens in many other plant pathogen systems. however, it was not clear if these genes play similar role in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) against puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), the stripe rust pathogen. to investigate the role of b-1,3-glucanase (ec3.2.1.39) in the resistance response of wheat (cv. suwon11) to stripe rust, a wheat b-1,3-glucanase gene induced ... | 2010 | 19757158 |
| qtl mapping for adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in italian common wheat cultivars libellula and strampelli. | italian common wheat cultivars libellula and strampelli, grown for over three decades in gansu province of china, have shown effective resistance to stripe rust. to elucidate the genetic basis of the resistance, f(3) populations were developed from crosses between the two cultivars and susceptible chinese wheat cultivar huixianhong. the f(3) lines were evaluated for disease severity in beijing, gansu and sichuan from 2005 to 2008. joint- and single-environment analyses by composite interval mapp ... | 2009 | 19756474 |
| analysis of diversity and linkage disequilibrium along chromosome 3b of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a highly polymorphic core collection of bread wheat and a more narrow-based breeding material, gathered from pedigrees of seven modern cultivars, was analysed in order to compare genetic diversity indices and linkage disequilibrium (ld) patterns along the chromosome 3b with microsatellite (ssr) and diversity arrays technology markers. five ancestral gene pools could be identified within the core collection, indicating a strong geographical structure (northwest europe, southeast europe, cimmyt-ic ... | 2009 | 19756470 |
| antioxidant responses of wheat seedlings to exogenous selenium supply under enhanced ultraviolet-b. | the paper reports the effects of selenium (se) supply on growth and antioxidant traits of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv han no.7086) seedlings exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-b (uv-b) stress. antioxidant responses of seedlings were different depending on the se concentration. compared with the control, the lower amount used (0.5 mg se kg(-1) soil) had no significant effect on biomass accumulation. the treatments with 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg se kg(-1) promoted biomass accumulation of wheat seedling ... | 2010 | 19756399 |
| in planta mutagenesis determines the functional regions of the wheat puroindoline proteins. | in planta analysis of protein function in a crop plant could lead to improvements in understanding protein structure/function relationships as well as selective agronomic or end product quality improvements. the requirements for successful in planta analysis are a high mutation rate, an efficient screening method, and a trait with high heritability. two ideal targets for functional analysis are the puroindoline a and puroindoline b (pina and pinb, respectively) genes, which together compose the ... | 2009 | 19752217 |
| fall growth, nutritive value, and estimation of total digestible nutrients for cereal-grain forages in the north-central united states. | throughout the southern great plains, wheat is managed frequently as a dual-purpose crop, but this production paradigm is not necessarily applicable throughout other regions of the united states, and a wider array of management options can be considered for forage-only uses of cereal grains. our objectives were to assess the fall-growth potential of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), triticale (x triticosecale wittmack), and oat (avena sativa l.) cultivars in wisconsin, and then to further evaluate a ... | 2010 | 19749014 |
| toxicological responses in wheat triticum aestivum under joint stress of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper. | it was observed in this work that joint effects of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper on chlorophyll content, the peroxidases (pod) activity, superoxide dismutases (sod) activity and soluble protein content in leaves and roots of wheat were markedly significant. the chlorophyll content and the sod activity in wheat under joint stress of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper were obviously higher than that under single stress of chlorimuron-ethyl. however, joint effect of chlorimuron-ethyl and copper on the dec ... | 2009 | 19748121 |
| genotyping of the q locus in wheat by a simple pcr-rflp method. | the q locus located on the long arm of chromosome 5a is a key factor in evolution and widespread cultivation of domesticated wheat. the q locus pleiotropically affects many agronomically important traits including threshability, glume shape and tenacity, rachis fragility and others. genotyping of the q locus based on the complex traits is ambiguous due to their multi-genetic control through interactions with the q locus. to determine the q locus genotype of wheat accessions possessing a genome, ... | 2009 | 19745572 |
| molecular mapping of a stripe rust resistance gene in spring wheat cultivar zak. | stripe rust (yellow rust), caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most devastating foliar diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. growing resistant cultivars is the best approach for control of the disease. although the stripe rust resistance in spring wheat cv. zak has been circumvented by a group of races of the pathogen predominant in the united states since 2000, the resistance genes in zak were unknown. to identify and map the genes for resistance to stripe ru ... | 2009 | 19740035 |
| sampling plans for the psocids liposcelis entomophila and liposcelis decolor (psocoptera: liposcelididae) in steel bins containing wheat. | psocids are an emerging problem in grain storage, handling, and processing facilities in the united states. we used data from two steel bins each containing 32.6 metric tonnes of wheat, triticum aestivum l., to develop sampling plans for liposcelis entomophila (enderlein), liposcelis decolor (pearman) (both psocoptera: liposcelididae), and a mixture of the two species. taylor's coefficients a (a sampling factor) and b (an index of aggregation) for these pests were calculated and incorporated int ... | 2009 | 19736788 |
| predicting stored grain insect population densities using an electronic probe trap. | manual sampling of insects in stored grain is a laborious and time-consuming process. automation of grain sampling should help to increase the adoption of stored grain integrated pest management. a new commercial electronic grain probe trap (opi insector) has recently been marketed. we field tested opi insector electronic grain probes in two bins, each containing 32.6 tonnes of wheat, triticum aestivum l., over a 2-yr period. we developed new statistical models to convert insector catch into ins ... | 2009 | 19736786 |
| a proteomic study of the response to salinity and drought stress in an introgression strain of bread wheat. | the effect of drought and salinity stress on the seedlings of the somatic hybrid wheat cv. shanrong no. 3 (sr3) and its parent bread wheat cv. jinan 177 (jn177) was investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. of a set of 93 (root) and 65 (leaf) differentially expressed proteins (deps), 34 (root) and six (leaf) deps were cultivar-specific. the remaining deps were salinity/drought stress-responsive but not cultivar-specific. many of the deps were expressed under b ... | 2009 | 19734139 |
| isolation and sequence analysis of the wheat b genome subtelomeric dna. | telomeric and subtelomeric regions are essential for genome stability and regular chromosome replication. in this work, we have characterized the wheat bac (bacterial artificial chromosome) clones containing spelt1 and spelt52 sequences, which belong to the subtelomeric repeats of the b/g genomes of wheats and aegilops species from the section sitopsis. | 2009 | 19732459 |
| development of wheat-lophopyrum elongatum recombinant lines for enhanced sodium 'exclusion' during salinity stress. | lophopyrum elongatum (tall wheatgrass), a wild relative of wheat, can be used as a source of novel genes for improving salt tolerance of bread wheat. sodium 'exclusion' is a major physiological mechanism for salt tolerance in a wheat-tall wheatgrass amphiploid, and a large proportion ( approximately 50%) for reduced na(+) accumulation in the xag leaf, as compared to wheat, was earlier shown to be contributed by genetic effects from substitution of chromosome 3e from tall wheatgrass for wheat chr ... | 2009 | 19727655 |
| creating s-type characteristics in the f-type enzyme fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase of triticum aestivum l. | invertases cleave sucrose in glucose and fructose, using water as an acceptor. fructosyltransferases catalyse the transfer of a fructosyl residue between sucrose and/or fructan molecules. plant fructosyltransferases (fts) evolved from vacuolar invertases by small mutational changes, leading to differences in substrate specificity. the s-type of enzymes (invertases, sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferases or 1-ssts, and sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferases or 6-sfts) prefer sucrose as the dono ... | 2009 | 19726634 |
| involvement of s-adenosylmethionine-dependent halide/thiol methyltransferase (htmt) in methyl halide emissions from agricultural plants: isolation and characterization of an htmt-coding gene from raphanus sativus (daikon radish). | biogenic emissions of methyl halides (ch3cl, ch3br and ch3i) are the major source of these compounds in the atmosphere; however, there are few reports about the halide profiles and strengths of these emissions. halide ion methyltransferase (hmt) and halide/thiol methyltransferase (htmt) enzymes concerning these emissions have been purified and characterized from several organisms including marine algae, fungi, and higher plants; however, the correlation between emission profiles of methyl halide ... | 2009 | 19723322 |
| variation of b chromosome associated with tissue culture in wheat-rye cross. | in vitro variation of b chromosomes was studied by examining the callus cells derived from the immature embryos from a cross of chinese spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and fin 7416 rye (secale cereale l.) carrying two b chromosomes. in 40-d-old callus cells, the numbers of b chromosomes ranged from one to four in 65.6% of the cells observed. the distribution of b chromosome numbers was associated with the ploidy levels of the normal chromosomes (a chromosomes). the frequency of the cells wit ... | 2009 | 19723242 |
| effect of wheat forage maturity and preservation method on forage chemical composition and performance of growing calves fed mixed diets. | three 2.4-ha wheat (triticum aestivum l.) fields were used to test the effects of maturity at harvest (boot vs. dough) and preservation method (hay vs. silage) on forage yield, chemical composition, and animal performance when fed in mixed diets. forages were incorporated into 4 diets in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with hominy feed, soybean hulls, and cottonseed meal as the primary concentrate ingredients. in exp. 1 diets contained 20% wheat forage (dm basis) and were fed to 96 b ... | 2009 | 19717767 |
| protein phosphatase activity and sucrose-mediated induction of fructan synthesis in wheat. | in this work, we analyze protein phosphatase (pp) involvement in the sucrose-mediated induction of fructan metabolism in wheat (triticum aestivum). the addition of okadaic acid (oa), a pp-inhibitor, to sucrose-fed leaves reduced fructosylsucrose-synthesizing activity (fss) induction in a dose-dependent manner. the expression of the two enzymes that contribute to fss activity, 1-sst (1-sucrose:sucrose fructosyltransferase, e.c. 2.4.1.99) and 6-sft (6-sucrose:fructan fructosyltransferase, e.c. 2.4 ... | 2009 | 19714360 |
| a modified tilling approach to detect induced mutations in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. | wheat (triticum ssp.) is an important food source for humans in many regions around the world. however, the ability to understand and modify gene function for crop improvement is hindered by the lack of available genomic resources. tilling is a powerful reverse genetics approach that combines chemical mutagenesis with a high-throughput screen for mutations. wheat is specially well-suited for tilling due to the high mutation densities tolerated by polyploids, which allow for very efficient screen ... | 2009 | 19712486 |
| se(iv) phytotoxicity for monocotyledonae cereals (hordeum vulgare l., triticum aestivum l.) and dicotyledonae crops (sinapis alba l., brassica napus l.). | the phytotoxicity of se(iv) was determined through root and shoot growth inhibition, biomass (dry (dm), fresh (fm)) production, water content, photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids) levels and se accumulation in the roots and shoots. the sensitivities of monocotyledonae (hordeum vulgare, triticum aestivum) and dicotyledonae plants (sinapis alba, brassica napus) were also compared. except for h. vulgare, se(iv) inhibited root growth more than shoot growth. as for bi ... | 2009 | 19709809 |
| conserved globulin gene across eight grass genomes identify fundamental units of the loci encoding seed storage proteins. | the wheat high molecular weight (hmw) glutenins are important seed storage proteins that determine bread-making quality in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum). in this study, detailed comparative sequence analyses of large orthologous hmw glutenin genomic regions from eight grass species, representing a wide evolutionary history of grass genomes, reveal a number of lineage-specific sequence changes. these lineage-specific changes, which resulted in duplications, insertions, and deletions of gene ... | 2010 | 19707805 |
| [genetic analysis of the traits introgressed from aegilops speltoides tausch. to common wheat and determined by chromosome 5a genes]. | a winter common wheat accession from the arsenal collection was genetically examined to study the results of introgression, which substantially changed the physiological and morphological traits of the original spring cultivar rodina. apart from its winter habit, the accession was characterized by awned speltoid spikes, suggesting introgression into chromosome 5a, which carried marker genes in the order vrn-al-q-bl. genetic analysis showed that the chromosome fragment introgressed from aegilops ... | 2009 | 19705742 |
| biotic and abiotic stress responses through calcium-dependent protein kinase (cdpk) signaling in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | calcium-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) sense the calcium concentration changes in plant cells and play important roles in signaling pathways for disease resistance and various stress responses as indicated by emerging evidences. among the 20 wheat cdpk genes studied, 10 were found to respond to drought, salinity and aba treatments. consistent with previous observations, one cdpk gene was shown to respond to multiple abiotic stresses in wheat suggesting that cdpks could be converging points fo ... | 2008 | 19704816 |
| plant resistance signalling hijacked by a necrotrophic fungal pathogen. | the strategies used by necrotrophic fungal pathogens to infect plants are often perceived as lacking the sophistication of their haustorium producing, host defence suppressing, biotrophic counterparts. there is also a relative paucity of knowledge regarding how effective gene-for-gene based resistance reactions might function against necrotrophic plant pathogens. however, recent data has emerged from a number of systems which has highlighted that particular species of necrotrophic (and/or hemibi ... | 2008 | 19704431 |
| seed-specific expression of the wheat puroindoline genes improves maize wet milling yields. | the texture of maize (zea mays l.) seeds is important to seed processing properties, and soft dent maize is preferred for both wet-milling and livestock feed applications. the puroindoline genes (pina and pinb) are the functional components of the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) hardness locus and together function to create soft grain texture in wheat. the pins (pina and pinb) are believed to act by binding to lipids on the surface of starch granules, preventing tight adhesion between starch granu ... | 2009 | 19702647 |
| genetic dissection of chlorophyll content at different growth stages in common wheat. | quantitative trait loci (qtls) for chlorophyll content were studied using a doubled haploid (dh) population with 168 progeny lines, derived from a cross between two elite chinese wheat cultivars huapei 3 x yumai 57. chlorophyll content was evaluated at the maximum tillering stage (ms), the heading stage (hs), and the grain filling stage (gs), at three different environments in 2005 and 2006 cropping seasons. qtl analyses were performed using a mixed linear model approach. a total of 17 additive ... | 2009 | 19700856 |
| leaf emergence of spring wheat receiving varying nitrogen supply at different stages of development. | we examined effects of nitrogen (n) supply on leaf emergence of spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in sand with nutrient solution containing different n concentrations (9no3: 1nh4). in expt 1, the cultivar 'gamenya' received nutrient solution twice weekly containing a constant n supply ranging from 50 to 2400 microm n. in expts 2 and 3, cultivars 'aroona' and 'gamenya' were irrigated hourly with nutrient solution containing either low (l = 50 micrrom n) or high (h = 2000 microm n) n suppl ... | 1994 | 19700456 |
| expression of phytoene synthase1 and carotene desaturase crti genes result in an increase in the total carotenoids content in transgenic elite wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | dietary micronutrient deficiencies, such as the lack of vitamin a, are a major source of morbidity and mortality worldwide. carotenoids in food can function as provitamin a in humans, while grains of chinese elite wheat cultivars generally have low carotenoid contents. to increase the carotenoid contents in common wheat endosperm, transgenic wheat has been generated by expressing the maize y1 gene encoding phytoene synthase driven by a endosperm-specific 1dx5 promoter in the elite wheat (triticu ... | 2009 | 19694433 |
| gene content and virtual gene order of barley chromosome 1h. | chromosome 1h (approximately 622 mb) of barley (hordeum vulgare) was isolated by flow sorting and shotgun sequenced by gsflx pyrosequencing to 1.3-fold coverage. fluorescence in situ hybridization and stringent sequence comparison against genetically mapped barley genes revealed 95% purity of the sorted chromosome 1h fraction. sequence comparison against the reference genomes of rice (oryza sativa) and sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and against wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley expressed sequence ... | 2009 | 19692534 |
| rapid evolution of simple sequence repeat induced by allopolyploidization. | microsatellite evolution normally occurs in diploids. until now, there has been a lack of direct experimental evidence for microsatellite evolution following allopolyploidization. in the present study, f(1) hybrids and newly synthesized allopolyploids were derived from triticum aestivum chinese spring x secale cereale jinzhou-heimai. one hundred and sixty-three wheat simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers were used to investigate the variation of wheat microsatellites after allopolyploidization an ... | 2009 | 19688286 |
| short-term foraging dynamics of cattle grazing swards with different canopy structures. | the objective of the present experiment was to describe the sward canopy structures of 3 different wheat (triticum aestivum l.) pastures and relate them to short-term herbage intake rate and foraging dynamics by steers. pastures were sampled for leaf and stem fractions at the bottom, middle, and top canopy strata. sward surface heights and tiller and bulk densities were measured. herbage was separated into stem and leaf, and leaves were then ranked phenologically. three steers grazed (grazing se ... | 2009 | 19684258 |
| direct measures of mechanical energy for knife mill size reduction of switchgrass, wheat straw, and corn stover. | lengthy straw/stalk of biomass may not be directly fed into grinders such as hammer mills and disc refiners. hence, biomass needs to be preprocessed using coarse grinders like a knife mill to allow for efficient feeding in refiner mills without bridging and choking. size reduction mechanical energy was directly measured for switchgrass (panicum virgatum l.), wheat straw (triticum aestivum l.), and corn stover (zea mays l.) in an instrumented knife mill. direct power inputs were determined for di ... | 2009 | 19683916 |
| rapid and non-invasive analysis of deoxynivalenol in durum and common wheat by fourier-transform near infrared (ft-nir) spectroscopy. | fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (ft-nir) was used for rapid and non-invasive analysis of deoxynivalenol (don) in durum and common wheat. the relevance of using ground wheat samples with a homogeneous particle size distribution to minimize measurement variations and avoid don segregation among particles of different sizes was established. calibration models for durum wheat, common wheat and durum + common wheat samples, with particle size <500 microm, were obtained by using partial l ... | 2009 | 19680966 |
| the mediator complex subunit pft1 is a key regulator of jasmonate-dependent defense in arabidopsis. | jasmonate signaling plays an important role in both plant defense and development. here, we have identified a subunit of the mediator complex as a regulator of the jasmonate signaling pathway in arabidopsis thaliana. the mediator complex is a conserved multiprotein complex that acts as a universal adaptor between transcription factors and the rna polymerase ii transcriptional machinery. we report that the phytochrome and flowering time1 (pft1) gene, which encodes the mediator25 subunit of mediat ... | 2009 | 19671879 |
| stolbur phytoplasma transmission to maize by reptalus panzeri and the disease cycle of maize redness in serbia. | maize redness (mr), induced by stolbur phytoplasma ('candidatus phytoplasma solani', subgroup 16srxii-a), is characterized by midrib, leaf, and stalk reddening and abnormal ear development. mr has been reported from serbia, romania, and bulgaria for 50 years, and recent epiphytotics reduced yields by 40 to 90% in south banat district, serbia. potential vectors including leafhoppers and planthoppers in the order hemiptera, suborder auchenorrhyncha, were surveyed in mr-affected and low-mr-incidenc ... | 2009 | 19671007 |
| variation at storage protein loci in winter common wheat cultivars of the central forest-steppe of ukraine. | genotypes at the gliadin loci gli-a1, gli-b1, gli-d1 and the high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit loci glu-a1, glu-b1, glu-d1 were identified in 77 winter common wheat cultivars developed in the central forest steppe of ukraine in different periods of time. the highest level of variation was observed at the gli-a1 locus. predominant alleles (one or two per locus) were revealed. the comparison of allele frequencies in groups of cultivars developed in different periods of time (before 1996 and i ... | 2016 | 19663318 |
| multiple genetic loci for zinc uptake and distribution in barley (hordeum vulgare). | micronutrient malnutrition, often called 'hidden hunger', affects over two billion people globally. this is particularly problematic in developing countries where widespread zinc (zn) deficiency exists as a result of a predominantly plant-based diet. furthermore, supplemental fertilizers are often unavailable or unaffordable in impoverished regions where soil infertility is common. delivery of more zn via food grains is theoretically possible through selective breeding strategies, but severe tec ... | 2009 | 19656306 |
| analysis of class iii peroxidase genes expressed in roots of resistant and susceptible wheat lines infected by heterodera avenae. | the response of resistant wheat-aegilops ventricosa introgression line h-93-8 and its susceptible parent, triticum aestivum h-10-15, to ha71 spanish population of heterodera avenae was studied to determine the changes in peroxidase gene expression during incompatible and compatible wheat-nematode interactions. twenty peroxidase genes were characterized from both 211 expressed sequence tags and 259 genomic dna clones. alignment of deduced amino acid sequences and phylogenetic clustering with pero ... | 2009 | 19656043 |
| starch-bound 2s proteins and kernel texture in einkorn, triticum monococcum ssp monococcum. | the starch granule proteins from 113 einkorn wheat (triticum monococcum ssp monococcum) accessions were analyzed by acidic, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (a-page), and two-dimensional a-page x sds-page. all accessions were confirmed to contain equal amounts of two polypeptide chains corresponding to puroindoline b (pin-b), as well as a prominent component plus a faint band corresponding to puroindoline a (pin-a). when compared with soft-textured common wheat, "monococcum" accessions showed ... | 2009 | 19655123 |
| (13)c/(12)c isotope labeling to study carbon partitioning and dark respiration in cereals subjected to water stress. | despite the relevance of carbon (c) loss through respiration processes (with its consequent effect on the lower c availability for grain filling), little attention has been given to this topic. literature data concerning the role of respiration in cereals are scarce and these have been produced using indirect methods based on gas-exchange estimations. we have developed a new method based on the capture of respired co(2) samples and their analysis by gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio ma ... | 0 | 19653200 |
| fine mapping and marker development for the crossability gene skr on chromosome 5bs of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | most elite wheat varieties cannot be crossed with related species thereby restricting greatly the germplasm that can be used for alien introgression in breeding programs. inhibition to crossability is controlled genetically and a number of qtl have been identified to date, including the major gene kr1 on 5bl and skr, a strong qtl affecting crossability between wheat and rye on chromosome 5bs. in this study, we used a recombinant ssd population originating from a cross between the poorly crossabl ... | 2009 | 19652174 |
| paenibacillus riograndensis sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing species isolated from the rhizosphere of triticum aestivum. | a bacterial strain designated sbr5(t) was isolated from the rhizosphere of triticum aestivum. a phylogenetic analysis based on the 16s rrna gene sequence placed the isolate within the genus paenibacillus, being most closely related to paenibacillus graminis rsa19(t) (98.1 % similarity). the isolate was a gram-reaction-variable, motile, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, with spores in a terminal position in cells. starch was utilized and dihydroxyacetone and catalase were produced. strain sbr5(t ... | 2010 | 19648317 |
| influence of extrusion-cooking parameters on some quality aspects of precooked pasta-like products. | the present article aims to evaluate some quality parameters and texture characteristics of precooked wheat pasta-like products. using the methods for pasta and instant noodles the tested parameters were water absorption, starch gelatinization degree, cooking losses, and hardness. the texture profile was characterized using zwick apparatus by cutting test with the head speed of 10 mm/min and expressed as hardness and firmness of hydrated products. sem pictures were used to illustrate the interna ... | 2009 | 19646037 |
| identifying qtl for high-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in the spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar 'louise'. | over time, many single, all-stage resistance genes to stripe rust (puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) are circumvented by race changes in the pathogen. in contrast, high-temperature, adult-plant resistance (htap), which only is expressed during the adult-plant stage and when air temperatures are warm, provides durable protection against stripe rust. our objective was to identify major quantitative trait loci (qtl) for htap resistance to stripe rust in the spring ... | 2009 | 19644666 |
| proteome analysis of chloroplast proteins in stage albinism line of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) fa85. | the "stage albinism line of winter wheat" fa85 was a specific natural mutant strain on leaf color. this physiological mutation was controlled by cytogene. in order to reveal the genetic and biochemical mechanism of albinism, 2-de was used to investigate the difference of chloroplast protein expression pattern between fa85 and its parent wheat aibian 1. from the results of 2-de gels analysis, approximately 683 spots were detected on each gel, and 57 spots were expressed differently at least two-f ... | 2009 | 19643044 |
| genomic diversity of germinating scutellum specific gene p23k in barley and wheat. | p23k is a 23 kda protein involved in sugar translocation in the scutellum of germinating barley seeds. the present study was carried out to provide the genomic characterization for p23k gene in terms of copy number, chromosome mapping, genetic mapping and expression analysis in germinating sculletum in two major triticeae crops, barley and wheat, and their relatives. southern blotting showed that a variable copy number with different restriction fragment sizes was found among 15 hordeum accessio ... | 2009 | 19641998 |
| [genealogical and statistical analyses of the inheritance of gliadin-coding alleles in a model set of common wheat triticum aestivum l. cultivars]. | allelic diversity of the gliadin-coding loci gli-1 and gli-2 was compared with the genealogical profiles of common wheat cultivars developed in saratov. allele tracking through their pedigrees and hierarchic cluster analysis associated 31 gli alleles with groups of original ancestors. the cultivars poltavka (12 alleles of six loci) and selivanovskii rusak (six alleles of six loci) were identified as sources of the majority of alleles. the results of the cluster analysis fully coincided with the ... | 2009 | 19639870 |
| production of intergeneric hybrid between dwarfing polish wheat (triticum polonicum l.) and aegilops tauschii cosson. with reference to wheat origin. | dwarfing polish wheat is a dwarfing accession of triticum polonicum l. from xinjiang of china. in the present study, the artificial hybridization between dwarfing polish wheat and two accessions of aegilops tauschii cosson. (as60 and as65) was carried out, and the f1 hybrids were obtained successfully without using embryo rescue techniques for the first time. the crossabilities of hybrids t. polonicum x ae. tauschii (as60) and t. polonicum x ae. tauschii (as65) were 1.67% and 0.60% respectively. ... | 2009 | 19639868 |
| [the effect of apoptosis inductor dexamethasone on the energy exchange and ultrastructure of plant cells]. | changes in respiration and cell ultrastructure induced by long-term incubation with dexamethasone (dm) in excised roots of 5-day old wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings were investigated. during 5 h incubation of roots with dm, oxygen consumption was inhibited by 20-30%, while respiratory coefficient did not change and its value was about 1. dm prevented from glucose-induced activation of respiration, which indicated blockade of glycolysis and decrease in oxygen uptake by this apoptotic induc ... | 2009 | 19637758 |
| effects of different water availability at post-anthesis stage on grain nutrition and quality in strong-gluten winter wheat. | wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is one of the most important agricultural crops worldwide. however, water is the most important limiting factor for wheat production. this study was initiated to test water stress environmental effects on grain quality and nutritional value of wheat by using single different water conditions at post-anthesis stage. further analyses were conducted to examine variations in concentrations and compositions of the bioactive compounds and nutritions in strong-gluten winter ... | 2009 | 19632660 |
| ecotoxicological effects of typical personal care products on seed germination and seedling development of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | biochemical responses of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings stressed by two typical personal care products (pcps)--triclosan (tcs) and galaxolide (hhcb)--were experimentally investigated to assess their ecological risks. the results showed that wheat shoot and root elongation was significantly inhibited by 50-250 mg l(-1) tcs and hhcb. wheat roots were sensitive to tcs, while shoots were sensitive to hhcb. the median effect concentration (ec(50)) of tcs and hhcb based on the inhibition of th ... | 2009 | 19631961 |
| molecular characterization of a wheat protein induced by vernalisation. | using a pcr strategy we isolated from winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. bolero) the ver2 gene coding for a modular protein constituted by an n-terminal domain called "dirigent", found in several defence-related genes, and a c-terminal domain related to jacalin-related lectin (jrl). ver2 transcript as well as native ver2 levels increased during vernalisation and upon methyl jasmonate treatment of young seedlings. ver2 transcript levels were kept constant either in infected tissues or in woun ... | 2009 | 19626429 |
| influence of leaf tolerance mechanisms and rain on boron toxicity in barley and wheat. | boron (b) toxicity is common in many areas of the world. plant tolerance to high b varies widely and has previously been attributed to reduced uptake of b, most commonly as a result of b efflux from roots. in this study, it is shown that the expression of genes encoding b efflux transporters in leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare) is associated with an ability of leaf tissues to withstand higher concentrations of b. in tolerant cultivars, necrosis in leaves occurred a ... | 2009 | 19625636 |
| characterization and mapping of complementary lesion-mimic genes lm1 and lm2 in common wheat. | a lesion-mimic phenotype appeared in a segregating population of common wheat cross yanzhan 1/zaosui 30. the parents had non-lesion normal phenotypes. shading treatment and histochemical analyses showed that the lesions were caused by light-dependent cell death and were not associated with pathogens. studies over two cropping seasons showed that some lines with more highly expressed lesion-mimic phenotypes exhibited significantly lower grain yields than those with the normal phenotype, but there ... | 2009 | 19621213 |
| ozone exposure of field-grown winter wheat affects soil mesofauna in the rhizosphere. | a 2-year open-top chamber experiment with field-grown winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. astron) was conducted to examine the effects of ozone on plant growth and selected groups of soil mesofauna in the rhizosphere. from may through june in each year, plants were exposed to two levels of o(3): non-filtered (nf) ambient air or nf+ 40 ppb o(3) (nf+). during o(3) exposure, soil sampling was performed at two dates according to different plant growth stages. o(3) exposure reduced above- and belo ... | 2009 | 19616877 |
| glutathione transferase activity and expression patterns during grain filling in flag leaves of wheat genotypes differing in drought tolerance: response to water deficit. | total glutathione s-transferase (gst, ec 2.5.1.18) and glutathione peroxidase (gpox) activity were measured spectrophotometrically in triticum aestivum cv. mv emese and cv. plainsman (drought tolerant) and cv. gk elet and cappelle desprez (drought-sensitive) flag leaves under control and drought stress conditions during the grain-filling period, in order to reveal possible roles of different gst classes in the senescence of flag leaves. six wheat gsts, members of 3 gst classes, were selected and ... | 2009 | 19615785 |
| identification of three wheat globulin genes by screening a triticum aestivum bac genomic library with cdna from a diabetes-associated globulin. | exposure to dietary wheat proteins in genetically susceptible individuals has been associated with increased risk for the development of type 1 diabetes (t1d). recently, a wheat protein encoded by cdna wp5212 has been shown to be antigenic in mice, rats and humans with autoimmune t1d. to investigate the genomic origin of the identified wheat protein cdna, a hexaploid wheat genomic library from glenlea cultivar was screened. | 2009 | 19615078 |
| insecticidal efficacy of abamectin against three stored-product insect pests: influence of dose rate, temperature, commodity, and exposure interval. | the insecticidal efficacy of abamectin against adults of rhyzopertha dominica (f.), sitophilus oryzae (l.), and tribolium confusum jacquelin du val was assessed under laboratory conditions. the efficacy of abamectin was assessed on two commodities (wheat, triticum aestivum l. and maize, zea mays l.) and two temperatures (25 and 30 degrees c). the dose rates used were 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 ppm. mortality of the exposed adults in the treated grains was measured after 7, 14 and 21 d (= days), where ... | 2009 | 19610457 |
| feeding behavior of russian wheat aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) biotype 2 in response to wheat genotypes exhibiting antibiosis and tolerance resistance. | in this study, wheat, triticum aestivum l. (em thell), genotypes containing the dnx, dn7, dn6, and dn4 genes for resistance to the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), along with dn0, a susceptible control, were assessed to determine the categories of d. noxia biotype 2 (rwa2) resistance in each genotype and rwa2 feeding behaviors on dnx and dn0 plants by using the electronic penetration graph technique. at 14 d postinfestation, dn0 plants exhibited intense ch ... | 2009 | 19610450 |
| resistance to russian wheat aphid biotype 2 in cimmyt synthetic hexaploid wheat lines. | the russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (kurdjumov) (hemiptera: aphididae), devastates wheat and barley production on all continents except australia. although d. noxia-resistant cultivars exist, virulent d. noxia populations exist in asia, north america, and south america that have the ability to overcome resistance. in this study, synthetic hexaploid wheat genotypes created at the international maize and wheat improvement center (cimmyt) were evaluated and characterized for resistance to nort ... | 2009 | 19610446 |
| cultivar preferences of ovipositing wheat stem sawflies as influenced by the amount of volatile attractant. | the wheat stem sawfly, cephus cinctus norton, causes severe losses in wheat grown in the northern great plains. much of the affected area is planted in monoculture with wheat, triticum aestivum l., grown in large fields alternating yearly between crop and no-till fallow. the crop and fallow fields are adjacent. this cropping landscape creates pronounced edge effects of sawfly infestations and may be amenable to trap cropping using existing agricultural practices. the behavioral preference for tw ... | 2009 | 19610414 |
| influence of genetic and environmental factors on selected nutritional traits of triticum monococcum. | to evaluate the effect of genotype, year, and location on protein, lipid, tocol, and lutein content and on fatty acids composition of wholemeal flour, five einkorns (triticum monococcum l. ssp. monococcum) and one control bread wheat were cropped in italy for two years in four different locations. genotype and year exerted major effects on protein, tocotrienol, and lutein contents, while tocopherol and lipid contents were influenced only by the genotype. the concentrations of linoleic, oleic, an ... | 2009 | 19601667 |
| characterization of genetic components involved in durable resistance to stripe rust in the bread wheat 'renan'. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. tritici, is one of the most widespread and destructive wheat diseases in areas where cool temperatures prevail. the wheat cv. renan, carrying the specific gene yr17, has shown effective resistance for a long time, even though some pathotypes overcame the yr17 gene. the objectives of this study were to locate and map genetic loci associated with adult-plant resistance (apr) to stripe rust in a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross b ... | 2009 | 19594316 |
| reevaluation of a tetraploid wheat population indicates that the tsn1-toxa interaction is the only factor governing stagonospora nodorum blotch susceptibility. | the wheat tsn1 gene on chromosome 5b confers sensitivity to a host-selective toxin produced by the pathogens that cause tan spot and stagonospora nodorum blotch (snb) known as ptr toxa and sntoxa, respectively (hereafter referred to as toxa). a compatible tsn1-toxa interaction is known to play a major role in conferring susceptibility of hexaploid (common) wheat to snb. however, a recent study by another group suggested that the tsn1-toxa interaction was not relevant in conferring susceptibility ... | 2009 | 19594309 |