Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| vitamin a therapy for children with respiratory syncytial virus infection: a multicenter trial in the united states. | high dose vitamin a therapy is effective in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with measles infection. children with acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection have low serum vitamin a concentrations. | 1996 | 8878220 |
| hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) expression in the central nervous system of hprt-deficient mice following adenoviral-mediated gene transfer. | in this study we show that recombinant adenovirus can augment hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) levels in the central nervous system (cns) of hprt-deficient mice. recombinant adenovirus containing the cdna for rat hprt (rhprt) expressed from the rous sarcoma virus ltr (rsv ltr) was constructed (adrsvrhprt). adrsvrhprt was injected into the right caudate nucleus of 7-week-old hprt-deficient mice. brains were analyzed for gene transfer, transgene expression and function by dna ... | 1996 | 8878108 |
| cytolytic activity induced by intramuscular injection of plasmid dna expressing the nucleocapsid protein of the jhm strain of mouse hepatitis virus into c57bl/6 mice. | we constructed plasmids expressing mrna7 coding the nucleocapsid (n) protein of jhm strain of mhv (jhmv) under the control of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) ltr or human elongation factor (ef) 1a promoter, referred to as prsv-mrna7 and pef-mrna7, respectively. although only a slight level of cytolysis was observed by the spleen cells from c57bl/6 mice injected intramuscularly with pef-mrna7, the spleen cells from the mice administered with prsv-mrna7 showed a significant level of cytolytic activities ... | 1996 | 8877970 |
| induction of allergen-specific il-2 responsiveness of lymphocytes after respiratory syncytial virus infection and prediction of onset of recurrent wheezing and bronchial asthma. | in pediatric patients with bronchial asthma and/or atopic dermatitis, peripheral lymphocytes are activated if they are stimulated with the responsible antigen, resulting in induction of responsiveness to il-2. because some nursing infants experience recurrent wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, attention is being directed to progression of the disease to bronchial asthma. | 1996 | 8876558 |
| the product of the v-src-inducible gene nr-13 is a potent anti-apoptotic factor. | tumorigenesis can be induced either by activating cell proliferation or by inhibiting metabolic pathways regulating programmed cell death (apoptosis). there is evidence suggesting that p60(v-src) and other tyrosine kinases protect cells against apoptosis. this effect could contribute to cell transformation by the rous sarcoma virus. mechanism of cell death inhibition by p60(v-src) remains largely unknown. we have recently reported that in avian cells p60(v-src) activates the expression of nr-13, ... | 1996 | 8875982 |
| relationship between clinical severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection and subtype. | the relationship between clinical severity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and distribution of subtype a or b was investigated. the data of 232 children, who were admitted with rsv infection or diagnosed in the outpatient department of the sophia children's hospital, rotterdam between 1992 and 1995, were studied. the diagnosis of rsv was confirmed by a direct immunofluorescence assay. subtyping was performed by an indirect immunofluorescence assay using specific monoclonal antibod ... | 1996 | 8869195 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants: a significant challenge for optimal care. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a potent pathogen causing annual epidemics of serious illness in young infants. controversy over interventions has evolved given conflicting research results concerning the disease process and the variety of treatment options. investigations over the last two decades have provided more insight into the complexity of this sometimes deadly infection and better understanding of the reasons why treatment is so elusive. currently, rsv infection cannot be prevented ... | 1996 | 8868628 |
| expression and characterisation of the ns1 and ns2 proteins of respiratory syncytial virus. | the ns1 and ns2 proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were expressed using baculovirus. antisera to these expressed proteins and to synthetic peptides were raised in rabbits and used to characterise the proteins. multiple forms of both ns1 and ns2 proteins were detected in rsv infected cells by both immunoblotting and radioimmunoprecipitation when non-reducing, but not reducing, conditions were used. in pulse-labelling experiments the monomeric form of ns1 was stable, while that of ... | 1996 | 8864205 |
| association of rous sarcoma virus dna with xenopus laevis spermatozoa and its transfer to ova through fertilization. | mature xenopus laevis spermatozoa are capable of binding plasmid paprc carrying the complete rous sarcoma virus (rsv) dna. each sperm cell associates, on an average, with 70-160 molecules of the plasmid dna in a dnase resistant form, if the spermatozoa were exposed to the dna at a concentration of 1.0-1.4 micrograms/10(7) sperm cells. fertilization with paprc-treated spermatozoa induced developmental malformations in 25-30% of embryos. immunohistochemical analysis of tissue sections from defecti ... | 1996 | 8858603 |
| growth and induction kinetics of inducible and autoinducible expression of heterologous protein in suspension cultures of recombinant mouse l cell lines. | mouse ltk- cells were transfected with four different plasmids for autoinducible and highly-inducible expression of the bacterial lacz gene and cultivated in suspension. two selection genes, thymidine kinase (tk) and neomycin resistance (neor), were used to select the clones in both cell lines. the resulting two cell lines, designated m4 and r2, differ in that the inducible mmtv promoter from mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) controls glucocorticoid receptor (gr) gene and lacz gene expression in ... | 1996 | 8857193 |
| evaluation of relative promoter strengths of the hiv-1-ltr and a chimeric rsv-ltr in t lymphocytic cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells: promoters for anti-hiv-1 gene therapies. | gene therapy approaches for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infections focus on the transfer of critical genetic elements into cd4+ t lymphocytes and cd34+ stem cells. ideally, expression of the anti-hiv-1 gene constructs should be induced during early stages of infection to combat high turnover of the replicating virus. in this study, we investigated the activity of two promoters, hiv-1 long terminal repeat (hiv-1-ltr) and rous sarcoma virus (rsv) ltr fused with the transactivation ... | 1996 | 8854098 |
| aerosolized immunoglobulin treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | recent studies in animals with experimental respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection indicate that passive immunization by intranasal or intratracheal application of gamma-globulins (immunoglobulins) may be beneficial for treatment of infants with lower respiratory tract infection caused by rsv. | 1996 | 8852908 |
| expression of the herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein e in human cells and in escherichia coli: protection studies against lethal viral infection in mice. | the objective of this study was to examine the protective efficacy of purified recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) glycoprotein e (ge-1) in the mouse lethal challenge model. a secreted form of ge-1 (hge-1s) protein, containing amino acids 1-406, was produced in human cells by using the episomal replicating prp-rsv expression vector. in addition, a portion of the ge-1 (bge-1t) protein corresponding to amino acids 90-406, was expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with malto ... | 1995 | 8847521 |
| safety aspects of vitamin a administration. | to review longstanding experience in the safe use of vitamin a as therapeutic agent in prematurely born human neonates and more recently with young children infected with the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 1996 | 8841769 |
| synthesis and antiviral activities of 9-cyclopentylpurine derivatives. | the synthesis and anti-rsv (rouse sarcoma virus) activity of hmca, (+/-)-9-(2-hydroxymethyl-cyclopenthyl)-adenine, and its derivatives are described. it has been demonstrated that trans-hmca has greater anti-rsv activity in tissue culture than cis-hmca. | 1995 | 8841575 |
| characteristics of il-6 and tnf-alpha production by respiratory syncytial virus-infected macrophages in the neonate. | the production of il-6 and tnf-alpha and the expression of their mrna were studied with neonatal (cord blood) and adult blood monocyte-derived macrophages (mdm) after in vitro infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). cord blood mdm exhibited production of high levels of il-6 within 24 hr after infection. little or no il-6 production was detected after 24-48 hr and after in vitro stimulation with inactivated (nonreplicating) virus. adult blood mdm also produced high levels of il-6 within ... | 1996 | 8835355 |
| evaluation of subgroup-specific peptides of the g protein of respiratory syncytial virus for characterization of the immune response. | two synthetic peptides, designated peptides 12g(a) and 12g(b), representing amino acids 174-188 of the g glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroup a (strain a2) and subgroup b (strain ch18537) were evaluated for their properties as subgroup-specific antigens for enzyme immunoassay (elisa). these peptides were used to characterize the immune response of children with naturally occurring rsv infection during six annual epidemics in the huntington area, west virginia, usa; viz. 197 ... | 1995 | 8830114 |
| immunological determinants of disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus. | various disease syndromes caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) may have a common mechanism of pathogenesis mediated by cytokines produced by type 2 t helper cells. the nature of the immune response to rsv is determined by the pattern of cytokines produced sequentially by many different cell types. vaccination can influence the types of cytokine produced by selectively activating t cell subpopulations and inducing an immune response that clears the virus with minimal immunopathology. | 1996 | 8829339 |
| in vitro assessment of variables affecting the efficiency and efficacy of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to cystic fibrosis airway epithelia. | primary cultures of airway epithelia were used to evaluate variables pertinent to adenovirus (ad)-mediated gene transfer efficiency and efficacy including: (i) ad-vectors with different promoters, (ii) the duration of vector incubation with cells, (iii) the concentration and depth of vector-containing medium at constant multiplicity of infection (moi) (10(3)), and (iv) the relative sensitivity of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) versus functional analysis for the detectio ... | 1996 | 8825868 |
| production of defective virus by terminally differentiated myotubes infected with rous sarcoma virus. | the generally accepted concept that the replication of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) is dependent on host cell dna synthesis was reexamined. as the host we used terminally differentiated myotubes (mt), in which no cellular dna synthesis is observed. as an extension of our previous study which indicated that rsv-infected mt produce various virus components, we examined viral particles produced by infected mt. electron microscopy showed presence of viral particles released from infected mt. immunopreci ... | 1995 | 8825300 |
| aetiology of pneumonia in hospitalized children. | one-hundred-and-thirty-two children with clinical and radiological evidence of bronchopneumonia/pneumonia were studied over a 1-year period for isolation/detection of bacterial and viral aetiological pathogens. throat swab, nasopharyngeal aspirate (npa), and lung aspirate were studied for bacterial and viral cultures. npa was also subjected to latex agglutination test (la) for h. influenzae and s. pneumoniae; and immunofluorescent technique (ifat) and enzyme immunoassay (eia) for respiratory syn ... | 1996 | 8820615 |
| reflex apnoea response and inflammatory mediators in infants with respiratory tract infection. | the reflex apnoea response to water stimulation was evaluated in infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and compared to the response in non-infected infants who had sustained an apparent life-threatening event (alte) or were siblings of infants who had died of sudden infant death syndrome (sids). rsv-infected infants had a significantly (p < 0.05) reinforced reflex apnoea response compared with non-infected infants. there was a significant negative correlation between the conce ... | 1996 | 8819544 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection enhances the response to laryngeal chemostimulation and inhibits arousal from sleep in young lambs. | to evaluate the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on the response to laryngeal chemostimulation (lcs) with water, five lambs were inoculated with human rsv and three lambs were given control media at an age of 3-5 days. during rsv infection, lcs resulted in increased inhibition of minute ventilation and delayed recovery of regular breathing. sleep further increased the response, and arousal was less likely to occur in active sleep. two of the five infected lambs needed resusc ... | 1996 | 8819543 |
| immune responses of lambs to the fusion (f) glycoprotein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus expressed on insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus. | a group of lambs was immunized with the f protein of bovine respiratory syncytial virus expressed in a baculovirus (bac-f) and their humoral and cellular immune responses to bovine rsv studied before and after challenge with infectious bovine rsv. immunization with bac-f resulted in significant humoral immune responses as measured by virus neutralization and cellular immune responses as measured by lympho-proliferation against inactivated bovine rsv and specific cytotoxicity against autologous t ... | 1996 | 8817824 |
| a model for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection based on experimental aerosol exposure with bovine rsv in calves. | five conventionally kept calves aged between 17 and 24 days were experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) by aerosol in order to mimic the natural infection route. the calves were killed and autopsies performed 7 days after the first virus challenge. the brsv isolate used induced tracheitis, bronchitis and atelectasis in infected calves. the only virus which could be isolated from the lungs of the calves was brsv. in addition, mycoplasma bovirhinis was isolated from ... | 1996 | 8814979 |
| diagnosis of respiratory virus infections using gacelisa of urinary antibodies. | sensitive and specific methods are needed to diagnose respiratory virus infections using body fluids such as urine that, unlike blood samples, are readily obtained by non-invasive means. immunoglobulin g antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were developed for detection of antibody rises to respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a/taiwan (h1n1) after initial quantification and adjustment of urinary igg concentration. of 24 elderly subjects whose sera were assayed by the compleme ... | 1996 | 8814322 |
| recombinant superoxide dismutase (sod) administered by aerosol inhibits respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats. | recombinant (r) human (hu) manganese (mn) and copper-zinc (cuzn) superoxide dismutase (sod) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in tissue culture and in cotton rats. no apparent cytotoxicity or inhibition of rsv was observed in the tissue culture studies (both compounds had ic50 and ec50 values > or = 1000 micrograms/ml and a selective index = 1). however, significant reductions in mean pulmonary rsv titers (ranging between 0.5 a ... | 1996 | 8811202 |
| bronchial inflammation and the common cold: a comparison of atopic and non-atopic individuals. | cold virus infections are associated with asthma attacks and with increased bronchial responsiveness even in normal subjects. possible mechanisms include epithelial damage, interaction with adhesion molecules or with t-helper cell subsets. | 1996 | 8809424 |
| prevalence of neutralizing antibody to respiratory syncytial virus in sera from mothers and newborns residing in the gambia and in the united states. | the prevalence of maternal respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-neutralizing antibodies has been documented in developed countries, but there is little information from developing countries. we assessed the prevalence of rsv-neutralizing antibody in sera from gambian women and their newborns and compared them with their american counterparts during a similar period. the geometric mean titers of maternal antibodies to rsv subgroup a in the two populations were similar, while titers of antibodies to ... | 1996 | 8807217 |
| immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia following bone marrow transplantation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia is a well-recognized complication of bone marrow transplantation with a high mortality rate. we describe two patients who developed rsv pneumonia within the first 3 weeks following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. these patients had significant oxygen requirements and radiographic infiltrates. both were treated with aerosolized ribavirin and given a single 1.5 gm/kg dose of intravenous immune globulin containing high levels of rsv neutralizing a ... | 1996 | 8807113 |
| cloning of rous sarcoma virus enhancer factor genes. ii. rsv-ef-ii, abundantly expressed in fibroblasts and muscle tissue, binds to an octamer sequence, 5'-gtaccacc-3', in the noncoding strand of rsv enhancer. | rous sarcoma virus (rsv) mainly replicates in avian fibroblasts, and the u3 enhancer region of the long terminal repeats of rsv contains the determinants for its tissue-tropic expression. we describe the cloning and characterization of an avian gene that encodes a protein capable of binding to the enhancer region of rous sarcoma virus. a pcr-derived probe corresponding to the u3 region of rsv was used to isolate a cdna clone by screening a chicken cdna expression library. the cdna is predicted t ... | 1996 | 8806494 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of human respiratory epithelial cells up-regulates class i mhc expression through the induction of ifn-beta and il-1 alpha. | cd8+ t cells mediate some of the damage to the lung epithelium following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. since cd8+ t cells recognize antigen-laden class i mhc molecules on the target cells, we examined in this study the expression of class i mhc by rsv-infected respiratory epithelial cells. respiratory epithelial cell lines and bronchial epithelial cells from normal human tissue responded to rsv infection with an increased expression of class i mhc as determined by flow cytometry a ... | 1996 | 8805651 |
| pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada (picnic) study of admission and management variation in patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial viral lower respiratory tract infection. | to describe differences in patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract infection (lri) at nine canadian tertiary care hospitals. in addition, this study describes the variation in use of drug and other interventions. | 1996 | 8804328 |
| analysis of the human serological immune response to a variable region of the attachment (g) protein of respiratory syncytial virus during primary infection. | the serum antibody responses of babies to the variable carboxy-terminal region of the attachment (g) protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been analysed using paired acute and convalescent sera from infants experiencing their first rsv infection with viruses of known genotype. the variable 84-85 carboxy-terminal amino acids of the g protein of six recent isolates of group a rsv were expressed in escherichia coli as fusion proteins with glutahione s-transferase. about half the infants ... | 1996 | 8801286 |
| prostate cancer gene therapy: herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene transduction followed by ganciclovir in mouse and human prostate cancer models. | prostate cancer is the most common internal malignancy in men in the united states. most cancers are diagnosed when they are locally advanced or metastatic and there is no effective treatment. in this study we evaluated the effectiveness of cytotoxic gene therapy in human pc-3 and du145 prostate cancer cell lines and in a rodent cell line, rm-1, derived from the mouse prostate reconstitution model system. the cell lines were efficiently transduced in vitro by a replicative-defective recombinant ... | 1996 | 8800746 |
| stimulation of mouse osteopontin promoter by v-src is mediated by a ccaat box-binding factor. | osteopontin is an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-containing cell adhesion protein, which is frequently expressed in transformed cells and is thought to play a role in tumorigenesis. v-src is a transforming viral oncogene product encoded by rous sarcoma virus (rsv). we report that v-src expression in ht1080 fibrosarcoma cells significantly stimulates mouse osteopontin promoter activity. we also determined the v-src response element in the osteopontin promoter as an inverted ccaat box located at - ... | 1996 | 8798445 |
| investigations of the japanese bovine tumour virus (blv)--its ability to express structural and regulatory blv proteins. | the mechanism of blv-induced tumorigenesis has not been clear up to now. changes of viral protein expression in infected cells may be involved in the molecular events leading to blv-induced leukaemogenesis. in this study western blot investigations of cells transfected with plasmid dna containing the complete japanese blv tumour clone provirus demonstrate that this provirus is unable to express gag and env proteins. following this an attempt was made to express the genes from this provirus in eu ... | 1996 | 8794696 |
| effects of mutations in the gene-start and gene-end sequence motifs on transcription of monocistronic and dicistronic minigenomes of respiratory syncytial virus. | preceding and following each gene of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are two conserved sequences, the gene-start (gs) and gene-end (ge) motifs, respectively, which are thought to be transcription signals. the functions and boundaries of these signals and the process of sequential transcription were analyzed with cdna-encoded rna analogs (minigenomes) of nonsegmented negative-sense rsv genomic rna. two minigenomes were used. the monocistronic rsv-cat minigenome consists of the chloramphenicol a ... | 1996 | 8794332 |
| recovery of infectious respiratory syncytial virus expressing an additional, foreign gene. | a previous report described the recovery from cdna of infectious recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strain a2 (p. l. collins, m. g. hill, e. camargo, h. grosfeld, r. m. chanock, and b. r. murphy, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa, 92:11563-11567, 1995). here, the system was used to construct recombinant rsv containing an additional gene encoding chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat). the cat coding sequence was flanked by rsv-specific gene-start and gene-end motifs, the transcription signa ... | 1996 | 8794298 |
| infection and replication of a planthopper transmitted virus-rice stripe virus in rice protoplasts. | rice stripe virus (rsv), a planthopper-transmitted virus, was inoculated into rice protoplasts, and a one-step growth curve was determined. the amount of virus in the protoplasts decreased following the inoculation, and then increased after 8 h. the replication of rsv reached its peak 20 h after inoculation. rsv replication in the inoculated protoplasts was further demonstrated by electron microscopy. | 1996 | 8793830 |
| adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in an ascites model of human breast cancer. | in this study, the growth of locally disseminated breast cancer was modeled using a human breast cancer cell line, mda-mb-435a, adapted to grow as an ascites tumor in athymic mice. ex vivo infection of mda-mb-435a cells with adenovirus containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (hsv-tk) were injected into the intraperitoneal cavity of athymic mice. ganciclovir (gcv) treatment resulted in prolonged median survival (117 vs. 34 days, p < 0.001) compared to untreated or control animal ... | 1996 | 8793549 |
| adenoviral-mediated thymidine kinase gene transfer into the primate brain followed by systemic ganciclovir: pathologic, radiologic, and molecular studies. | transduction of experimental gliomas with the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (hsv-tk) using a replication-defective adenoviral vector (adv/rsv-tk) confers sensitivity to ganciclovir (gcv) leading to tumor destruction and prolonged host survival in rodents. to determine treatment tolerance prior to clinical trials, we conducted toxicity studies in 6 adult baboons (papio sp.). the animals received intracerebral injections of either a high dose of adv/rsv-tk [1.5 x 10(9) plaque-forming ... | 1996 | 8793548 |
| an ultrastructural study of the interaction of human eosinophils with respiratory syncytial virus. | it was shown previously that eosinophils are activated in vivo and in vitro by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) (garofalo et al., j pediatr 1992: 120: 28-32; kimpen et al., pediatr res 1992: 32: 160-4). for study of the interaction of eosinophils and rsv on the ultrastructural level, normodense eosinophils were purified from peripheral blood of healthy human volunteers. after incubation with rsv in the presence or absence of autologous serum, the eosinophils were examined with immunofluorescenc ... | 1996 | 8792384 |
| expression of full-length human dystrophin cdna in mdx mouse muscle by hvj-liposome injection. | duchenne muscular dystrophy (dmd) is an x-linked progressive muscle disorder which is caused by a defect of dystrophin, a 427-kda muscle cell membrane protein. one of the possible means of dmd therapy is to express the dystrophin gene in patients' muscles. in this study, full length dystrophin cdna was expressed in mdx (muscular dystrophy model) mouse muscle using the hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj)-liposome method. with the hvj-liposome method, the lacz reporter genes were expressed in 50 ... | 1996 | 8789805 |
| dystrophin expression in muscles of mdx mice after adenovirus-mediated in vivo gene transfer. | we have generated high-titer adenoviral recombinants (avr) expressing a 6.3-kb partial dystrophin cdna insert under the control of either the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) or cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter. these avr preparations were free of both e1-containing avr and avr with a nonfunctional dystrophin expression cassette. with these optimal avr preparations, we have obtained a high degree of short-term (10 days) expression of a truncated (approximately 200 kd) dystrophin in dystrophin-deficient md ... | 1996 | 8788164 |
| microwave-accelerated direct immunofluorescent staining for respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a virus. | a microwave-accelerated direct immunofluorescence staining method which requires only 20 min from specimen receipt to interpretation is as effective as conventional methods for detecting respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a virus antigens in clinical specimens. the time required compares favorably with that for the less sensitive abbott test pack rsv. | 1996 | 8784600 |
| rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompromised adults. | although rapid antigen detection methods for the documentation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are widely used with pediatric patients, these tests have not been prospectively evaluated in immunocompromised (ic) adults. for bone marrow transplant recipients and adult patients undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia who had recent onset of respiratory symptoms, respiratory samples (combined nasal wash [nw]-throat swab [ts], endotracheal tube [et] aspirate, or bronchoalveolar lavage [ ... | 1996 | 8784563 |
| involvement of the complement system in the protection of mice from challenge with respiratory syncytial virus long strain following passive immunization with monoclonal antibody 18a2b2. | passive immunization of mice with 131 micrograms of the non-neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mab) 18a2b2, directed against the a subgroup epitope of the g glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus long strain (rsv), confers protection against viral i.n. challenge. the role of the fc fragment of this antibody as well as the involvement of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) and complement-mediated cytolysis towards protection was evaluated in vivo. passive immunization with the fab ... | 1996 | 8782350 |
| ribavirin utilization and clinical effectiveness in children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | ribavirin was approved in early 1986 for treatment of illness associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in hospitalized children; however, the value of its use remains controversial. this investigation was undertaken to describe ribavirin utilization and to evaluate the effectiveness of ribavirin in reducing the period of hospitalization. all children with laboratory-confirmed rsv infection, hospitalized over seven epidemic periods at a single institution, were identified. char ... | 1996 | 8780603 |
| effectiveness of ribavirin in otherwise well infants with respiratory syncytial virus-associated respiratory failure. pediatric critical study group. | to examine ribavirin's effectiveness in otherwise well infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated respiratory failure. | 1996 | 8774517 |
| invasive monitoring in infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | coincident with a change in the physician staff in our pediatric intensive care unit (picu), the frequency and duration of invasive monitoring were decreased. we examined the impact of this change on outcomes, complications, and hospital charges in infants admitted to the picu with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | 1996 | 8774504 |
| primary cytotoxic t-cell responses to bovine respiratory syncytial virus in calves. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory disease in young calves. recent studies in calves, in which different t-cell subsets were depleted, have shown that cd8+ t cells play a central role in recovery from rsv infection. the present study demonstrates that rsv-specific, major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytotoxic t cells appear in the peripheral blood of gnotobiotic calves 7-10 days after infection with bovine rsv and were also detected in the lungs 10 ... | 1996 | 8774360 |
| il-8 release from human neutrophils by the respiratory syncytial virus is independent of viral replication. | elevated interleukin-8 levels and a massive accumulation of neutrophils (pmn) are the hallmark of a variety of severe lung diseases. the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), an important respiratory pathogen, induces interleukin-8 (il-8) release from human pmn, however, the mechanism is as yet unknown. we analyzed the role of virus uptake, intracellular virus replication, virus attachment, and of virus capsid proteins for the induction of il-8 (protein + mrna) in human pmn. cell supernatants were ... | 1996 | 8773587 |
| selection and evolution of high-affinity human anti-viral antibodies. | high-affinity human anti-viral antibodies [e.g. for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv)] can be selected from immune phage-display libraries using a variety of strategies. a small subset of these antibodies show potent neutralization in vitro and anti-viral efficacy in vivo in animal models. the affinities of such antibodies arising from secondary or higher order immune responses can be improved using "cdr walking'. sequen ... | 1996 | 8771795 |
| expression of a bifunctional chimeric protein a-vargula hilgendorfii luciferase in mammalian cells. | we have designed and constructed a novel chimeric protein that consisted of a single domain of protein a and luciferase derived from sea-firefly vargula hilgendorfii with the goal of obtaining a heterofunctional immunological tool. the structural gene of luciferase was fused to the 3' terminus of the d domain gene of protein a with/without a short linker of five amino acids. the resulting constructs under the transcriptional regulation of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) promoter, were expressed tra ... | 1996 | 8770415 |
| amiloride inhibits cytokine production in epithelium infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important respiratory pathogen in infants and children. rsv preferentially infects airway epithelium and causes local production of inflammatory cytokines. ribavirin, the only specific agent available for treatment of rsv infection, has limited effectiveness. there are few data regarding the ability of drugs to modulate the inflammatory response of epithelium infected with rsv. this study evaluated the effect of amiloride and ribavirin on cytokine producti ... | 1996 | 8770057 |
| respiratory syncytial virus is an important cause of community-acquired lower respiratory infection among hospitalized adults. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the most important cause of lower respiratory disease in infants and young children, is rarely considered among the causes for community-acquired lower respiratory infection in adults. all noninstitutionalized adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia in two ohio counties were evaluated between december 1990 and may 1992. fifty-three (4.4%) of 1195 adults admitted during the rsv seasons and 4 (1.0%) of 390 in the off-season had serologic evidence of ... | 1996 | 8769600 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: clinical aspects and epidemiology. | sixty to ninety percent of the clinical syndrome of bronchiolitis is caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. rsv epidemiology has several unusual characteristics. rsv infects nearly all infants in the first year of life, with a peak incidence of hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis between 2-6 months of age. it is the only virus that causes most severe disease during the first month of life, i.e. at a time when maternal antibodies are present. lower respiratory tract infections ... | 1996 | 8766196 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-enriched globulin for the prevention of acute otitis media in high risk children. | acute otitis media (aom) has been associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection; aom develops in up to one third of children with rsv illness. a masked multicenter trial used an immune globulin enriched with rsv-neutralizing antibodies (rsvig) to prevent rsv infection of the lower respiratory tract in 249 children with either bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart disease, or prematurity. to determine whether monthly rsvig therapy might decrease the incidence of aom, we retro ... | 1996 | 8765618 |
| fine mapping and characterization of the rous sarcoma virus pr76gag late assembly domain. | the p2 region of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) gag polyprotein contains an assembly domain, which is required late in replication for efficient budding of virus-like particles from cells (j. w. wills, c. e. cameron, c. b. wilson, y. xiang, r. p. bennett, and j. leis, j. virol. 68:6605-6618, 1994). this domain, referred to as the l domain, was previously mapped to the 11 amino acids of p2b. through the analysis of a series of deletion and substitution mutations, the l domain has now been fine mapp ... | 1996 | 8764091 |
| rna replication by a respiratory syncytial virus rna analog does not obey the rule of six and retains a nonviral trinucleotide extension at the leader end. | genome analogs ("minigenomes") of sendai and measles viruses replicate efficiently only if their nucleotide length is an even multiple of six, a requirement called the rule of six (p. calain and l. roux, j. virol. 67:4822-4830, 1993; m. s. sidhu, j. chan, k. kaelin, p. spielhofer, f. radecke, h. schneider, m. masurekar, p. c. dowling, m. a. billeter, and s. a. udem, virology 208:800-807, 1995). the existence of a comparable requirement was tested for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which also ... | 1996 | 8764015 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection and meningococcal disease. | although viral respiratory tract infections may predispose to meningococcal disease, strong evidence that they do so exists only for influenza. data on laboratory reported cases of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections and meningococcal disease in england and wales from mid-1989 to mid-1994 were analysed. although the rise in rsv cases preceded the rise in meningococcal disease cases each winter, the interval between the rise and fall of the two diseases was inconsistent, no association w ... | 1996 | 8760957 |
| isolation of a neutralizing human rsv antibody from a dominant, non-neutralizing immune repertoire by epitope-blocked panning. | we isolated a large panel of human abs directed against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) ag from combinatorial phage display libraries. following initial differentiation of the fabs by bstni restriction patterns, dna sequence analysis revealed 10 different classes of vh paired with more than 35 different vl genes. all the fabs bound with high affinity to the f ag. however, most fabs competed with the binding of a representative member of this group, suggesting that the fabs recognized a com ... | 1996 | 8752928 |
| discrimination of respiratory syncytial virus subgroups a and b by reverse transcription-pcr. | reverse transcription (rt)-pcr with shared primers differentiating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroups a and b was developed for subtyping of rsv isolates. results of rt-pcr were compared with those of an indirect immunofluorescence test using monoclonal antibodies. viral rna isolated from cell cultures infected with rsv served as a template for cdna synthesis with random primers. for pcr, we used three synthetic oligonucleotides corresponding to the g protein mrna sequence of subgroup a ... | 1996 | 8748269 |
| orthomyxoviral and paramyxoviral infections in transplant patients. | in summary, orthomyxo- and paramyxoviruses cause clinically important infections in transplant patients. patients often develop lower respiratory tract involvement and sometimes respiratory failure, which almost is uniformly fatal. bone marrow transplant recipients appear to be at higher risk of severe disease than are solid-organ recipients, but well defined criteria to predict those patients who will be severely affected are not available. factors associated with more severe disease include th ... | 1995 | 8747776 |
| systemic and portal vein delivery of human kallikrein gene reduces blood pressure in hypertensive rats. | there is an inverse correlation between systemic blood pressure and urinary kallikrein levels in humans and hypertensive animal models, suggesting that the tissue kallikrein-kinin system plays an important role in blood pressure regulation. in this study, we explored the potential of human kallikrein gene delivery on blood pressure reduction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (shr). the human tissue kallikrein gene or cdna was placed under the control of following promoters: the metallothionein ... | 1996 | 8727504 |
| further investigation of some inhibitors on myogenic differentiation: mechanism of inhibition with hmba on quail myoblasts transformed with rous sarcoma virus. | to investigate the mechanism of myogenic differentiation, we are using quail myoblast cells (qm cells) transformed with a temperature-sensitive mutant of rous sarcoma virus (ts-rsv), termed qm-rsv cells. at 35.5 degrees c, a permissive temperature for rsv, qm-rsv cells repeatedly proliferate without differentiation, but, at 41 degrees c, a nonpermissive temperature, myogenic differentiation proceeds. this temperature dependency of the differentiation is derived from protein kinase activity of pp ... | 1996 | 8726470 |
| community respiratory virus infections among hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant recipients. | from 1 november 1992 through 1 may 1993 and from 1 november 1993 through 1 may 1994, we conducted a prospective surveillance study at the university of texas m.d. anderson cancer center (houston) to evaluate the role of community respiratory virus infections in hospitalized adult bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients, respiratory secretions were obtained from all adult bmt recipients with acute respiratory illnesses. during these two winters, a community respiratory virus was isolated from 37 ... | 1996 | 8722930 |
| combination antiviral therapy for respiratory virus infections. | a limited number of antiviral drug combinations have been shown to have enhanced activity for important human respiratory viruses. rimantadine or amantadine combined with ribavirin shows increased antiviral effects in vitro and in experimental animal models. this combination warrants testing in human influenza. immunoglobulin containing neutralizing anti-rsv antibody combined with ribavirin shows enhanced antiviral effects in experimental animal infections and provides clinical benefit in severe ... | 1996 | 8721543 |
| activation of complement in quails bearing rous sarcoma virus-induced tumors. | the concentration of serum c3 in quails bearing tumors induced by rous sarcoma virus (rsv) was elevated in parallel with tumor growth, whereas serum c3 levels in quails inoculated with avian leukosis virus, which lacks transforming activity, showed a pattern similar to that in mock-infected quails. c3 deposition was also observed in almost all tumor cells at the tumor developing stage. these findings obtained in vivo suggest that the cells transformed by rsv activated the c3 on their surfaces. | 1995 | 8720051 |
| adenovirus-mediated expression of a reporter gene in thalamocortical cocultures. | organotypic cocultures of thalamic and cortical explants have recently been used to study the development of the thalamocortical axonal network in the mammalian neocortex. to explore the possibility of genetically manipulating organotypic explants, rat thalamocortical (tc) cocultures were infected with the recombinant adenovirus, adv/rsv beta gal. infection of the cortical explants resulted in long-term expression (2 weeks) of the reporter gene (beta-galactosidase) with no significant alteration ... | 1995 | 8719624 |
| adenovirus-mediated thymidine kinase gene transduction in human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines followed by exposure to ganciclovir. | in an effort to develop gene therapy for ovarian cancer efficacy and toxicity of adenovirus-mediated transfer of the hsv-tk gene followed by administration of ganciclovir were studied in two human epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines ov-ca-2774 and ov-ca-1225. 100% transduction was achieved in both cell lines at mois of 7 and 15 as demonstrated by x-gal staining. no toxicity of virus alone was observed at mois up to 30. gcv was not toxic up to 200 micrograms/ml. cell killing efficacy was shown t ... | 1996 | 8712678 |
| dexamethasone in bronchiolitis: a randomised controlled trial. | although corticosteroids are commonly prescribed in the treatment of bronchiolitis, there is no evidence on the efficacy of these drugs in this disorder. we designed a randomised, double-blind, prospective study to assess the efficacy of dexamethasone in infants with bronchiolitis who require hospital management. | 1996 | 8709687 |
| the structurally diverse intergenic regions of respiratory syncytial virus do not modulate sequential transcription by a dicistronic minigenome. | the first nine genes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a nonsegmented negative-strand rna virus, are separated by intergenic regions which range in size from 1 to 52 nucleotides for strain a2 and lack obvious consensus elements except that each ends in an a (genome sense). their significance for gene expression was investigated by using rsv-cat-luc rna, a helper-dependent cdna-encoded dicistronic analog of rsv genomic rna in which the viral genes were replaced by a negative-sense copy of the ... | 1996 | 8709239 |
| surface display on staphylococci: a comparative study. | two different host-vector expression systems, designed for cell surface display of heterologous receptors on staphylococcus xylosus and staphylococcus carnosus, respectively, were compared for the surface display of four variants of a 101 amino acid region derived from the g glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). surface localization of the different chimeric receptors was evaluated by a colorimetric assay and by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. it was concluded that the s. ... | 1996 | 8706888 |
| neutralizing and enhancing activities of human respiratory syncytial virus-specific antibodies. | the neutralizing and enhancing activities of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific antibodies were examined. these two biological activities were measured for a panel of six monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific to the rsv surface f and g glycoproteins. four mabs specific for the f protein possessed both neutralizing and enhancing activities. one mab (11-2-d2), specific to the g protein, enhanced rsv infection of u937 cells, a human macrophage cell line, but did not neutralize virus infecti ... | 1996 | 8705669 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections in pediatric renal transplant recipients. | immunocompromised patients are considered at increased risk from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. we examined the incidence and outcome of rsv infection in pediatric renal transplant (tx) recipients on chronic immunosuppressive therapy. of 173 recipients transplanted between november 1985 and april 1993, 5 (3%) developed rsv infection (age range 11-39 months). initial immunosuppression included prednisone, azathioprine, cyclosporine, and polyclonal antibody therapy. time from tx to o ... | 1996 | 8703717 |
| peptides from conserved regions of paramyxovirus fusion (f) proteins are potent inhibitors of viral fusion. | the synthetic peptides dp-107 and dp-178 (t-20), derived from separate domains within the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) transmembrane (tm) protein, gp4l, are stable and potent inhibitors of hiv-1 infection and fusion. using a computer searching strategy (computerized antiviral searching technology, c.a.s.t.) based on the predicted secondary structure of dp-107 and dp-178 (t-20), we have identified conserved heptad repeat domains analogous to the dp-107 and dp-178 regions of hiv-1 g ... | 1996 | 8700906 |
| approaching the rsv season with a nursing plan of action. | as the statistics show with year-in, year-out regularity, during november through march in the united states, approximately 90,000 infants and young children will be hospitalized with a severe lower respiratory infection attributable to the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). this virus, discovered only as recently as 1956, appears to be ubiquitous, infecting virtually 100% of children by age 4. for most of them the resulting illness will be mild and easily vanquished by an intact immune system. ... | 1995 | 8700601 |
| induction of interleukin (il)-8 gene expression by respiratory syncytial virus involves activation of nuclear factor (nf)-kappa b and nf-il-6. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) preferentially infects respiratory epithelium and is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infections in young children. rsv induces the production of interleukin (il)-8 in airway epithelial cells; however, the mechanism of this induction is not known. to define the mechanism by which rsv induces il-8 gene activation, a549 epithelial cells were transfected with plasmids containing serial deletions of the 5'-flanking region of the il-8 gene and then expos ... | 1996 | 8699053 |
| intranasal monoclonal iga antibody to respiratory syncytial virus protects rhesus monkeys against upper and lower respiratory tract infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the major cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants, is thought to infect the upper airways before spreading to the lower respiratory tract. a rhesus monkey model of rsv infection after upper airway inoculation was used to test the protective effect of intranasal treatment with hnk20, a mouse monoclonal iga antibody against rsv f glycoprotein. hnk20 was administered once daily for 2 days before rsv challenge and 4 days after challenge. treatment with ... | 1996 | 8699052 |
| type-specific serologic diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection, based on a synthetic peptide of the attachment protein g. | peptides deduced from the central hydrophobic region (residues 158-189) of the g protein of bovine and ovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and of human rsv subtypes a and b were synthesized. these peptides were used to develop elisas to measure specifically antibodies against these types and subtypes of rsv. we have evaluated the bovine rsv-g peptide in both an indirect elisa and in a blocking elisa. specificity and sensitivity, relative to a routine diagnostic elisa that detects antibodies ... | 1996 | 8699029 |
| [etiology of acute respiratory infections in 87 hospitalized children]. | the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of two microbiologic methods: viral culture and serology for the etiologic study of acute respiratory infections in children under 14 years of age admitted to our hospital. | 1996 | 8685493 |
| purified fusion protein vaccine protects against lower respiratory tract illness during respiratory syncytial virus season in children with cystic fibrosis. | to test in a double blind, placebo-controlled study a purified fusion protein (pfp-2) vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in rsv-seropositive children with cystic fibrosis (cf). | 1996 | 8684872 |
| proposed three-dimensional model for the attachment protein g of respiratory syncytial virus. | protein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an envelope glycoprotein that is structurally very different from its counterparts (haemagglutinin-neuraminidase and haemagglutinin) in other paramyxoviruses. in this study, we put forward a model for this unique viral envelope protein. we propose that protein g of rsv contains several independently folding regions, with the ectodomain consisting of a conserved central hydrophobic region located between two polymeric mucin-like regions. the centr ... | 1996 | 8683213 |
| [an epidemic of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis among infants in northern israel]. | in the wake of a community outbreak of bronchiolitis in northern israel from december 1993 to march 1994, we conducted a retrospective study of 108 infants aged 2 weeks to 14 months with proven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection (diagnosed by a rapid rsv antigen test in nasopharyngeal secretions). 47% of the infants were less than 8 weeks old. mean hospital stay was 6.6 days (range 1-60). the characteristic clinical findings were: cough in all patients, dyspnea in 96%, rhinitis in 95% a ... | 1996 | 8682391 |
| expression of exogenous protein and analysis of morphogenesis in the developing chicken heart using an adenoviral vector. | recombinant retroviral vectors have been shown to be useful tools for marking cells so as to follow their fates during development. the aim of this study was to determine the utility and advantages of an adenoviral vector as a tool to study the heart as it develops from a simple tube into a complex four-chambered organ. | 1996 | 8681350 |
| evidence that the amino acid region 124-203 of glycoprotein g from the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) constitutes a major part of the polypeptide domain that is involved in the protection against rsv infection. | the first 230 residues of the 298-amino acid glycoprotein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are sufficient to confer complete resistance to challenge with live rsv, whereas the first 180 residues completely failed (olmsted et al. (1989) j. virol. 63, 411-420). the characterization of a protective epitope corresponding to the amino acid region 174-187 of the g protein (trudel et al. (1991) virology 185, 749-757) suggests that interruption of this region in the 180 residue truncated polypepti ... | 1995 | 8669890 |
| cytologic manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid: a case report. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia in immunocompromised patients, especially bone marrow transplant recipients, is associated with high mortality. early diagnosis in these cases is important because antiviral therapy with ribavirin is effective in reducing mortality. | 1996 | 8669193 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus infections in the immunocompromised host. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and parainfluenza virus (piv) are common causes of respiratory infections in immunocompetent children under the age of 6 years. these viruses belong to a family of enveloped single-stranded rna viruses, the paramyxoviruses. the clinical manifestations in the normal host range from mild illness to severe croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. after the age of 6 years, reinfections occur, but are characterized by diminishing frequency and severity. in contrast to th ... | 1995 | 8668850 |
| a20 blocks endothelial cell activation through a nf-kappab-dependent mechanism. | the a20 gene product is a novel zinc finger protein originally described as a tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf)-inducible early response gene in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec). its described function is to block tnf-induced apoptosis in fibroblasts and b lymphocytes, but more recently it has also been shown to play a role in lymphoid cell maturation. the mechanism of action of a20 is unknown. the aim of our study was to assess the effect of a20 upon endothelial cell activation. b ... | 1996 | 8663499 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with congenital heart disease: a review. | this paper reviews recent changes in morbidity and mortality of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infants with congenital heart disease. mortality since the late 1970s has declined substantially, from approximately 37% to 3%. although the frequency of admission to intensive care units has declined from approximately 60% to 30%, the frequency for mechanical ventilatory support has not changed significantly. because mortality dropped prior to the widespread use of ribavirin, it is dif ... | 1996 | 8662029 |
| undetectable ige responses after respiratory syncytial virus infection. | sequential nasopharyngeal secretions were collected from 81 infants from one day to three months after admission to hospital with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. samples from 21 infants were assayed for anti-rsv ige in an antigen capture elisa assay. no ige antibodies were detected although an assay of iga antibodies carried out in parallel by a similar technique detected iga antibodies in the secretions of all patients tested. neither prior absorption of iga or igg, concentration o ... | 1996 | 8660074 |
| community-based respiratory viral infections in hiv positive patients with lower respiratory tract disease: a prospective bronchoscopic study. | to evaluate the contribution of community-based respiratory virus infections to lower respiratory tract disease in hiv-1 infected individuals. | 1996 | 8655183 |
| [quick diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of respiratory tract infections in children, and the infection spreads rapidly in hospitals. it is therefore important to diagnose the disease quickly. we have examined two quick tests for detecting rsv-antigen in nasopharyngeal aspirates: directigen rsv (becton dickinson, md, usa) and testpack rsv (abbott laboratories, chicago, il, usa). both tests are based on the enzyme immunoassay (eia) principle. the results were compared with a method u ... | 1996 | 8650634 |
| management of severe bronchiolitis: indications for ventilator support. | bronchiolitis is a common respiratory illness in children. we reviewed our experience of children under one year presenting to an intensive care unit with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis in order to determine if ethnicity, prematurity, arterial carbon dioxide tension or nasopharyngeal aspirates positive for respiratory syncytial virus were related to the need for ventilator assistance. | 1996 | 8649668 |
| avian retroviral rna element promotes unspliced rna accumulation in the cytoplasm. | all retroviruses need mechanisms for nucleocytoplasmic export of their unspliced rna and for maintenance of this rna in the cytoplasm, where it is either translated to produce gag and pol proteins or packaged into viral particles. the complex retroviruses encode rev or rex regulatory proteins, which interact with cis-acting viral sequences to promote cytoplasmic expression of incompletely spliced viral rnas. since the simple retroviruses do not encode regulatory proteins, we proposed that they m ... | 1996 | 8648719 |
| concerted integration of linear retroviral dna by the avian sarcoma virus integrase in vitro: dependence on both long terminal repeat termini. | we have reconstituted integration reactions in vitro with specially designed donor dnas, a supercoiled plasmid acceptor, purified bacterium-derived rous sarcoma virus integrase (in), and a host cell dna-bending protein, hmg1. the duplex donor dnas are approximately 300 deoxynucleotides in length and contain only 15 bp of the rsv u3 and u5 termini at the respective ends. the donor has blunt u3 and u5 termini which end with the sequence 5'catt. joining of the donor dna to the acceptor dna is detec ... | 1996 | 8648691 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection enhances neutrophil and eosinophil adhesion to cultured respiratory epithelial cells. roles of cd18 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections in children precipitate acute episodes of respiratory obstruction that are associated with influx of inflammatory cells into the airway. since rsv can induce the expression of adhesion molecules, particularly intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1), by the respiratory epithelium, the hypothesis has been proposed that icam-1 expression contributes to airway inflammation by supporting adhesion and retention of infiltrating inflammatory leukocytes. to ... | 1996 | 8648124 |
| mechanisms of unusually high antioxidant activity of rsv-sr-transformed cells and of its suppression by activated p21ras. | we have previously demonstrated that hamster embryo fibroblasts (hefs) transformed by rous sarcoma virus, schmidt-ruppin strain (rsv-sr) are highly resistant to damage by h202 (h2o2r), (in contrast to hefs transformed spontaneously, or by bovine adenovirus and sv40), while n-ras transfection of rsv-sr transformants leads to suppression of pp6ov-scr and of h2o2r. in this study we have examined (1) mechanisms of antioxidant activity (aoa) of hefs transformed by these agents and (2) the possible ro ... | 1996 | 8647644 |