Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| bodybuilders, raw egg drink, and salmonella enteritidis. | 1996 | 8881604 | |
| salmonella in retail poultry in northern ireland. | a prospective survey was carried out in northern ireland between february and august 1994 to assess the current levels of salmonella in retail chickens, and to determine whether contamination rates differed between chickens sold in supermarkets and by butchers. one hundred and forty chilled and frozen raw chickens were sampled from retail display and examined for the presence of salmonella using an approved method. contamination was commoner in chickens that were chilled, sold from smaller premi ... | 1996 | 8881603 |
| salmonella enteritidis phage type 21b. | 1996 | 8881601 | |
| endotoxin tolerance impairs a pertussis-toxin-sensitive g-protein regulating tumour necrosis factor release by macrophages from tumour-bearing rats. | the aim of this work was to study whether a g-protein regulates lipopolysaccharide (lps) induced tnf-alpha production in tumour-bearing rat peritoneal macrophages differently to in normal rats. we also investigated whether a state of 'early endotoxin tolerance' affects lps induced tnf-alpha release via a g-protein-mediated phenomenon. lps-stimulated (50 micrograms ml-1 of salmonella enteritidis lps) tnf-alpha release was investigated in peritoneal macrophages harvested from both normal rats and ... | 1996 | 8880892 |
| molecular characterization of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis field isolates and differentiation from homologous live vaccine strains suisaloral and sc-54. | four independent molecular methods were used to characterize the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis live vaccine strains sc-54 and suisaloral and to differentiate them from s. choleraesuis field isolates. plasmid analysis revealed the presence of seven plasmid profiles. a virulence plasmid of 52-kbp was identified by hybridization with an spvb-spvc gene probe in each of the s. choleraesuis field isolates and in the suisaloral vaccine strain, but not in the sc-54 vaccine str ... | 1996 | 8880500 |
| multilocus enzyme electrophoretic (mee) analysis of australian isolates of salmonella enteritidis. | seventy-three australian isolates of salmonella enteritidis (se) were analysed by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (mee) using a polyacrylamide gel system. analysis of 11 enzyme loci identified eight electrophoretic types (ets), with 61 of the isolates assigned to et1, and 72 isolates considered to represent a clonal lineage. representative isolates of each of the australian ets were then compared with isolates from england, germany and the united states, using a starch gel system and 13 enzyme ... | 1996 | 8880314 |
| the major sources of salmonella enteritidis in thailand. | the data of salmonella serotypes during 1989-1993 from the world health organisation (who) national salmonella and shigella center, division of clinical pathology, department of medical science, ministry of health, thailand was analysed and found that the prevalence of salmonella enteritidis had been dramatically increased since 1990. the average s. enteritidis isolates from human patient samples was 0.70% +/- 0.41% of the total reported salmonella isolates during 1972-1989 and increased to 1.33 ... | 1996 | 8880306 |
| luminescent salmonella strains as real time reporters of growth and recovery from sublethal injury in food. | luxa and luxb genes from v. harveyi carried by a tn-5 containing plasmid were introduced into s. enteritidis by either conjugation or electroporation. lux genes were used as a reporter to indicate the effects of heat treatment (50 degrees c, 55 degrees c and 65 degrees c) and ph (from 1 to 7) on the survival, growth and recovery of salmonella cells. when a luminescent s. enteritidis strain, obtained by electroporation, was subjected to a plasmid curing procedure, the resulting culture lost the p ... | 1996 | 8880295 |
| pulsed light and pulsed electric field for foods and eggs. | two new technologies for use in the food industry are described. the first method discussed uses intense pulse of light. this pulsed light (purebright) process uses short duration flashes of broad spectrum "white" light to kill all exposed microorganisms, including vegetative bacteria, microbial and fungal spores, viruses, and protozoan oocysts. each pulse, or flash, of light lasts only a few hundred millionths of a second (i.e., a few hundred microseconds). the intensity of each flash of light ... | 1996 | 8878274 |
| pasteurization of eggs in the shell. | a small percentage of all eggs may be contaminated with salmonella enteritidis (se). to eliminate this hazard from the food supply, procedures for pasteurizing eggs in the shell have been developed. at least four research groups are attempting to devise a process to achieve a pasteurized shell egg. only one of the groups has reported procedures and results. sound shell eggs were washed to remove surface contaminants. the clean eggs were then inoculated with high levels of se cells. the inoculate ... | 1996 | 8878272 |
| introduction to egg pasteurization. | the science of microbiology is very young in comparison with the age of mankind. related developments in the area of pasteurization have been made during the past 131 yr. this symposium reveals some recent advancements in pasteurization of shell eggs and egg products. | 1996 | 8878271 |
| production of il-1 beta and il-6 by adherent spleen cells after the stimulation with lipopolysaccharides from salmonella enteritidis strain. | three different procedures were used to isolate lipopolysaccharides from the salmonella enteritidis strain 477: phenol-water extraction with ethanol precipitation (lps 1), phenol-water extraction with methanol precipitation (lps 2) and fplc purification (lps 1/1). production of interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (il-6) was observed in the supernatants of adherent spleen cells of balb/c mice after the stimulation and cultivation of the cells. the quantity of il-1 beta and il-6 depen ... | 1996 | 8872494 |
| a novel relationship between o-antigen variation, matrix formation, and invasiveness of salmonella enteritidis. | salmonella enterica enteritidis in chickens serves as a reservoir for salmonellosis in humans and the structure of its lipopolysaccharide (lps) has been used to assess invasiveness. culture from chick spleens generated colonies with an unusual wrinkled morphology, and it is designated the lacy phenotype. the characterize the nature of the morphological change, three isogenic variants were compared. only the lacy phenotype produced a temperature-dependent cell surface matrix composed of several p ... | 1996 | 8870619 |
| [a case of acute acalculous cholecystitis due to salmonella]. | 1996 | 8865756 | |
| diagnostic potential of sefa dna probes to salmonella enteritidis and certain other o-serogroup d1 salmonella serovars. | salmonella enteritidis thin fimbriae, sef14, were found to be restricted to s. dublin and the predominantly poultry-associated members of the salmonella o-serogroup d1, s. enteritidis, s. berta, s. gallinarum and s. pullorum, when tested by western and elisa analysis from among 90 salmonella isolates of 42 serovars, as well as from members of several related genera of the enterobacteriaceae. these five serovars and a single isolate of s. typhi (d1) were also detected by hybridization of genomic ... | 1996 | 8865172 |
| epidemiological differentiation of pathogenic strains of salmonella enteritidis by ribotyping. | the usefulness of two-way ribotyping, performed with sphi and psti, as a genetic marker for a series of pathogenic salmonella enteritidis strains is reported. eighteen combined ribotypes were differentiated, a discrimination index of 0.77 was reached, a genetic relationship dendrogram was traced, and the results were applied in an epidemiological study. | 1996 | 8862603 |
| phage types and ribotypes of salmonella enteritidis in southern italy. | differently from other european countries, southern italy was affected by a considerable increase in human infections due to salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) only after 1990. on the present investigation, two groups of s. enteritidis strains isolated during the low-incidence period 1980-1984 and the epidemic period 1990-1993, respectively, have been submitted to phage-typing and ribotyping in order to ascertain whether the epidemic increase was determined ... | 1996 | 8861878 |
| effect of endotoxin-enhanced hepatic reperfusion injury on endothelium-dependent relaxation in rat aorta. | we have investigated endothelial function in a two-hit model of multiple organ failure. male fischer rats were subjected to 20 min of partial hepatic ischemia followed by reperfusion and administration of .5 mg/kg salmonella enteritidis endotoxin at 30 min of reperfusion. after either 4 or 24 h of reperfusion, rings of aorta were prepared and suspended in bioassay baths, contracted with phenylephrine, and examined for endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to acetylcholine and endothelium- ... | 1996 | 8856844 |
| crystal structure of phage p22 tailspike protein complexed with salmonella sp. o-antigen receptors. | the o-antigenic repeating units of lipopolysaccharides from salmonella serogroups a, b, and d1 serve as receptors for the phage p22 tailspike protein, which also has receptor destroying endoglycosidase (endorhamnosidase) activity, integrating the functions of both hemagglutinin and neuraminidase in influenza virus. crystal structures of the tailspike protein in complex with oligosaccharides, comprising two o-antigenic repeating units from salmonella typhimurium, salmonella enteritidis, and salmo ... | 1996 | 8855221 |
| biofilm formation by the enterobacteriaceae: a comparison between salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli and a nitrogen-fixing strain of klebsiella pneumoniae. | a simple laboratory reactor, which simulates biofilm formation in pipes, was used to compare biofilm formation by three members of the enterobacteriaceae, namely, an environmental, nitrogen-fixing strain of klebsiella pneumoniae, a pathogen, salmonella enteritidis, and a faecal indicator, escherichia coli. all three attached to cvcp pipe surfaces in the reactor and formed substantial biofilm populations of over a million bacteria cm-2 within 24 h. these populations increased by approximately 10- ... | 1996 | 8849649 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. outbreaks of salmonella serotype enteritidis infection associated with consumption of raw shell eggs--united states, 1994-1995. | salmonella serotype enteritidis (se) accounts for an increasing proportion of all salmonella serotypes reported to cdc's national salmonella surveillance system. during 1976-1994, the proportion of reported salmonella isolates that were se increased from 5% to 26%. during 1985-1995, state and territorial health departments reported 582 se outbreaks, which accounted for 24058 cases of illness, 2290 hospitalizations, and 70 deaths. this report describes four se outbreaks during 1994-1995 associate ... | 1996 | 8847751 |
| biology and clinical significance of virulence plasmids in salmonella serovars. | non-typhoid salmonella strains containing virulence plasmids are highly associated with bacteria and disseminated infection in humans. these plasmids are found in salmonella serovars adapted to domestic animals, such as salmonella dublin and salmonella choleraesuis, as well as in the widely distributed pathogens salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis. although virulence plasmids differ between serovars, all contain a highly conserved 8-kb region containing the spv locus that encodes t ... | 1995 | 8845442 |
| specific, nonradioactive detection of the nhp bacterium in penaeus vannamei by in situ hybridization. | necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (nhp) is a disease of farm-raised pacific white shrimp (penaeus vannamei) caused by a pleomorphic intracellular bacterium. a dna probe that is specific for the etiologic agent of necrotizing hepatopancreatitis was devised and tested in an in situ hybridization assay. a procedure was developed for labeling a single-stranded dna probe with digoxigenin by the polymerase chain reaction. the dna probe encompasses the v1 and v2 variable regions of the 16s ribosomal rna ( ... | 1996 | 8844575 |
| a dot immunobinding assay (dot-elisa) for the rapid serodiagnosis of salmonella enteritidis infection in chickens. | a dot immunobinding assay (dia) was developed for the detection of antibodies to salmonella enteritidis. western blot analysis of outer membrane proteins from se identified 2 polypeptides of molecular masses 43 and 46 kd that were specific for s. enteritidis. these 2 polypeptides were utilized as antigens in the dia. the dia was tested on sera from chickens experimentally infected with s. enteritidis. results of the dia were compared with that of conventional microagglutination and serum plate t ... | 1996 | 8844573 |
| role of nitric oxide in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion with endotoxemia. | reactive oxygen species such as nitric oxide (no) and/or superoxide have been proposed as mediators in the pathogenesis of reperfusion injury and acute endotoxemia. the purpose of this study was to examine the role of no in a model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion with endotoxemia (i/r + lps). rats subjected to 30 min of partial hepatic ischemia followed by reperfusion and lps (salmonella enteritidis, 1 mg/kg, i.v.,) administration, exhibited a marked, time-dependent increase in plasma alanine am ... | 1995 | 8844495 |
| separation of bacterial capsular and lipopolysaccharides by preparative electrophoresis. | preparative gel electrophoresis was used to separate and purify extracellular, capsular and lipopolysaccharides (epss, cpss, and lpss, respectively) from crude bacterial extracts. the procedure effectively separates cps from lpss. in addition discreet size ranges of these various polysaccharides can be isolated. the 'rough' (r-type), 'smooth' (s-type), and 'semi-smooth' lpss were separated from one another. in addition different size classes of 'semi-smooth', or s-type lps, can be separated. thi ... | 1996 | 8842707 |
| persistence of salmonella enteritidis in poultry units and poultry food. | 1. studies on the survival of salmonella enteritidis in poultry units and food were carried out over a two-year period. 2. the organism persisted for at least one year in an empty trial house at the laboratory in which naturally-infected broiler breeder birds had previously been housed. a similar survival period was seen in a building which had housed an infected layer breeder flock, although infection was not detected in a subsequent pullet flock. 3. salmonella enteritidis was also frequently f ... | 1996 | 8842466 |
| clinical spectrum of urinary tract infections due on nontyphoidal salmonella species. | we performed a retrospective analysis of 28 cases of bacteriuria due to nontyphoidal salmonella (nts). twenty-one patients (75%) had symptoms of urinary tract infection (16, cystitis; 3, pyelonephritis; and 2, renal abscess), and 7 remained asymptomatic. in 24 cases nts was the sole pathogen isolated from urine. salmonella enteritidis (a salmonella subgroup 1 serotype) was the serotype most frequently isolated (16 cases), followed by salmonella enteritidis serotype typhimurium (5 cases). sixteen ... | 1996 | 8842280 |
| fatal salmonella enteritidis sepsis acquired prenatally in a premature infant. | before the advent of antibiotic therapy, salmonella typhi infection during pregnancy was associated with a high incidence of fetal and neonatal death. little information is available about the risk to the fetus or the newborn of a pregnant woman infected by non-typhoid salmonella, and treatment recommendations do not exist. | 1996 | 8841255 |
| virulence determinants inva and spvc in salmonellae isolated from poultry products, wastewater, and human sources. | the presence of two virulence foci, inva and spvc, in salmonella isolates obtained from poultry, wastewater, and human sources was determined. all isolates (n = 245) were positive for the inva gene sequence. differences in degree of invasiveness were apparent with the madin darby canine kidney cell line, as only 79 of 159 randomly selected isolates (49.7%) tested were invasive at > 0.1% of the inoculum. 25% were invasive between 0.1 and 1.0% of the inoculum, and 24.5% were invasive at > 1.0% of ... | 1996 | 8837432 |
| iga antibodies in hla-b27 associated acute anterior uveitis and ankylosing spondylitis. | acute anterior uveitis (aau) and ankylosing spondylitis (as) are, like reactive arthritis (rea), strongly associated with hla-b27. mucosal infections play a role in the pathogenesis of rea. to investigate whether these microorganisms are also involved in the pathogenesis of aau and as, we examined blood samples from patients with aau, as or both, and healthy controls for presence of antibodies against klebsiella pneumoniae (k 30), salmonella enteritidis and s. typhimurium, chlamydia trachomatis, ... | 1996 | 8835504 |
| galactosamine alters glucose regulation in ten-day-old rats treated with a low dose of endotoxin. | hypoglycemia develops rapidly during septic shock and is a common and life-threatening problem in the human newborn. in adult animals, galactosamine alter glucose metabolism and increases mortality of endotoxic shock. galactosamine may alter tissue glucose uptake and induce hypoglycemia in ten-day-old rats. the present study showed that galactosamine induced hypoglycemia and a high mortality without an increase in plasma insulin concentration in ten-day-old rats treated with a low dose of endoto ... | 1996 | 8829769 |
| outbreaks of salmonellosis in hospitals in england and wales: 1992-1994. | data from the surveillance scheme of general outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in england and wales were used to describe the epidemiology of outbreaks of salmonellosis in hospitals from 1992-1994. outbreaks of infectious intestinal disease in hospitals accounted for 15% (189/1275) of all outbreaks. a salmonella was the implicated pathogen in 12% (22/189). the mode of transmission was described as mainly person to person in 12 outbreaks, mainly foodborne in eight and equal or unknown pr ... | 1996 | 8827504 |
| salmonella meningitis complicated by brain infarctions. | 1996 | 8825008 | |
| [bacteriological studies of travellar's diarrhoea. 5) analysis of enteropathogenic bacteria at osaka airport quarantine station from january 1992 through september 3rd, 1994]. | during the last 2 years and 8 months before the closure of osaka airport quarantine station (from jan. 1992 to sep. 3, 1994), a total of 7,421,909 overseas travellers were quarantined. 15,919 reported themselves of suffering from diarrhoea. bacteriological examination of a total of 6,031 individuals' stools were performed. 1) various enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 31.2% of the stools examined. isolated species were as follows: plesiomonas shigelloides, 1,127 cases (59.9%); vibrio p ... | 1996 | 8822051 |
| activation of thromboxane a2 receptors alters lipopolysaccharide-induced adherence of thp-1 cells. | u46619, a thromboxane a2 (txa2) mimetic, inhibits human monocyte chemotactic responses, suggesting that txa2, an arachidonic acid metabolite, may alter monocyte adhesion. we tested the hypothesis that txa2 alters lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced adhesion of thp-1 cells, a human monocytic leukemia cell line. salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (1 microgram/ml) induced a significant (p < .05; n = 6) increase in the adherence of thp-1 cells (basal, 5.7 +/- 1.8 micrograms/well; lps, 78.8 +/- 4.9 microg ... | 1996 | 8821102 |
| indications of in vivo transfer of an epidemic r plasmid from salmonella enteritidis to escherichia coli of the normal human gut flora. | the presence of conjugative r plasmids as well as the possible similarities among them were studied in nine ampicillin-resistant salmonella enteritidis isolates and nine ampicillin-resistant escherichia coli isolates from the normal fecal flora that were simultaneously isolated from nine epidemiologically unrelated outpatients. it was found that in eight patients, ampicillin resistance in s. enteritidis was encoded by ca. 34-mda transferable plasmids very similar to those found in a recent study ... | 1996 | 8815122 |
| application of random amplified polymorphic dna analysis to differentiate strains of salmonella enteritidis. | a random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) fingerprinting method has been developed to differentiate salmonella enteritidis isolates. a total of 65 arbitrary primers were screened with s. enteritidis isolates of different phage types. this allowed selection of a panel of primers capable of detecting dna polymorphisms among s. enteritidis isolates. this panel was used to examine a panel of 29 isolates of s. enteritidis which had been previously characterized by other subtyping methods, including p ... | 1996 | 8815099 |
| development and application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for specific detection of salmonella enteritidis infections in chickens based on antibodies to sef14 fimbrial antigen. | a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to detect antibodies to the sef14 fimbrial antigen (sef14-das elisa) and was evaluated for its use in the specific detection of chicken flocks infected with salmonella enteritidis. the sef14-das elisa successfully discriminated between chickens experimentally infected with s. enteritidis and those infected with s. panama or s. typhimurium, although the sef14 responses in adult birds infected with s. enteritidis we ... | 1996 | 8815085 |
| an outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with salmonella enteritidis phage type 6a in malta. | 1996 | 8810121 | |
| determination of an effective sampling regime to detect salmonella enteritidis in the environment of poultry units. | a study of the dissemination of salmonella enteritidis in the poultry breeder industry in the uk showed that the choice of sites for sampling the environment of occupied houses and empty houses which had been disinfected after depopulation had a significant influence on the outcome. increased isolation rates could be achieved by sampling nest box floors and dust in open slave feed hoppers in occupied poultry houses. nest box floors were the most sensitive sites for detection of residual environm ... | 1996 | 8810013 |
| comparison of random amplified polymorphic dna analysis and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-pcr for epidemiological studies of salmonella. | discrimination of 70 salmonella strains previously studied by ribotyping was realized by rapd and eric-pcr analysis. rapd results on the 56 s. typhimurium isolates did not closely match those of ribotyping. with eric-pcr, two fingerprints only were obtained. for the 14 s. enteritidis strains, a helpful discrimination was obtained with rapd analysis, while eric-pcr resulted in a single fingerprint. | 1996 | 8809548 |
| improved survival and antagonistic effect of sodium fusidate on tumor necrosis factor alpha in a neonatal mouse model of endotoxin shock. | unlike the antibiotics erythromycin and penicillin g, sodium fusidate (fusidin) pretreatment (80 mg/kg of body weight) increased the survival rate of neonatal balb/c mice challenged with salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide. fusidin also significantly reduced the plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. hence, fusidin may prove useful in the management of bacterial sepsis in humans. | 1996 | 8807074 |
| treatment of experimental endocarditis due to ampicillin-susceptible or ampicillin-resistant salmonella enteritidis. | using two strains of salmonella enteritidis, one susceptible and one resistant to ampicillin, we studied the efficacies of ampicillin, gentamicin, ampicillin plus gentamicin, ofloxacin, and cefotaxime for the treatment of experimental salmonella endocarditis. rabbits were treated for 3 days with dosages of antibiotic selected to achieve concentrations in serum equivalent to those obtained in humans during therapy. aortic salmonella endocarditis seemed to be very difficult to treat, and all antim ... | 1996 | 8807045 |
| salmonella osteomyelitis presenting as fibrous dysplasia. a case report. | salmonella osteomyelitis is uncommon in healthy patients. because of its slow, indolent course and often remote presentation, its diagnosis may be difficult. a case of osteomyelitis of the tibia secondary to salmonella enteritidis was diagnosed after a biopsy for presumed fibrous dysplasia was performed. | 1996 | 8804290 |
| salmonella enteritidis has a homologue of tolc that is required for virulence in balb/c mice. | the ability of salmonella to invade tissue culture cells is correlated with virulence. therefore, the tissue culture invasion model has been used extensively to study this process and to identify the bacterial genes involved and their products. described here is the further characterization of a salmonella enteritidis mutant (sm6t) originally identified as a non-invasive for tissue culture cells. a chromosomal dna fragment complementing this defect was cloned and sequenced. the derived protein s ... | 1995 | 8801424 |
| protein metabolism in specific tissues of endotoxin-treated rats: effect of nutritional status. | rats received an injection of [14c]leucine and were then divided into four groups. groups i and ii consisted of ad libitum fed rats were administered saline or endotoxin of salmonella enteritidis eight and twenty-two h after the [14c]leucine treatment. animals of group iii (saline) and group iv (endotoxin) fasted after [14c]leucine injection. twenty three hours after [14c]leucine treatment rats were injected with [3h] leucine and sacrificed 20 min afterwards. endotoxin administration decreased b ... | 1995 | 8798275 |
| mr of disc protrusion engendered by infectious spondylitis. | the purpose of this study was to determine if infection-related disc protrusion formed a component of the perispinous/epidural mass in patients with intervertebral disc infection. | 1996 | 8797899 |
| [characterization of salmonella ser. enteritidis phage type 34 isolated from food poisoning outbreaks in tokyo by epidemiological makers]. | since 1989, outbreaks of salmonella ser. enteritidis food poisoning has dramatically increased in tokyo, and a total of 95 outbreaks has been reported between 1989 and 1993. as the results of examination of phage type by the method of ward, et al., strains isolated from 31 (32.6%) of 95 outbreaks were phage type 34 which is a very rare type in europe and america. to characterize these unique strains of phage type (pt) 34, 302 isolates obtained from patients and vehicle foods of the outbreaks, eg ... | 1996 | 8797305 |
| effect of eimeria tenella infection on the production of salmonella enteritidis-contaminated eggs and susceptibility of laying hens to s. enteritidis infection. | experiments were conducted to determine the effect of eimeria tenella infection on the production of salmonella enteritidis-contaminated eggs and susceptibility of egg-laying hens to s. enteritidis infection. the dose of sporulated oocysts of e. tenella used in the present study was 2 x 10(5) per chicken. when hens were infected with 10(6) colony-forming units (cfu) of s. enteritidis, e. tenella infection resulted in a significant increase (p < 0.05) of s. enteritidis contamination in the shells ... | 1996 | 8790887 |
| evaluation of disinfectants against salmonella enteritidis. | five classes of disinfectants (phenol, quaternary ammonium, chlorine, glutaraldehyde, and a combination of quaternary ammonium and formaldehyde) were diluted in "field" water (well, stream, or pond water) and compared with dilutions of the disinfectants in laboratory-grade water for their efficacy against the aoac (association of official agricultural chemists) test organism salmonella cholerasuis (atcc 10708), s. enteritidis isolated from the spleen of an infected laying hen, and an egg-invasiv ... | 1996 | 8790874 |
| prevalence of salmonella enteritidis in poultry shell eggs in arkansas. | the objective of this study was to determine whether poultry shell eggs are a major reservoir of salmonella enteritidis in arkansas. one hundred dozen commercially purchased shell eggs were cultured for the presence of salmonella sp. after each dozen eggs was examined, the contents of the 12 eggs were separated from their shells. the contents and the shells were separately pooled and cultured. one dozen of the 100 dozen egg shells cultured were found to be externally contaminated with s heidelbe ... | 1996 | 8790312 |
| cytotoxicity in chicken alimentary secretions as measured by a derivative of the tumor necrosis factor assay. | the host immune response to enteric bacterial infections, including salmonellosis, results in inflammatory cells entering the intestine near the site of infection. these cells produce factors, such as cytokines, that are cytotoxic to bacteria-infected cells, resulting in loss of host cells. in this study, an assay was developed, based on the tumor necrosis factor (tnf) assay, that measured the cytotoxic activity in alimentary secretions from chickens during a salmonella enteritidis (se) infectio ... | 1996 | 8778724 |
| an outbreak of salmonella infection from ice cream. | 1996 | 8778599 | |
| an outbreak of salmonella infection from ice cream. | 1996 | 8778598 | |
| outbreaks of salmonella serotype enteritidis infection associated with consumption of raw shell eggs--united states, 1994-1995. | salmonella serotype enteritidis (se) accounts for an increasing proportion of all salmonella serotypes reported to cdc's national salmonella surveillance system. during 1976-1994, the proportion of reported salmonella isolates that were se increased from 5% to 26%. during 1985-1995, state and territorial health departments reported 582 se outbreaks, which accounted for 24,058 cases of illness, 2,290 hospitalizations, and 70 deaths. this report describes four se outbreaks during 1994-1995 associa ... | 1996 | 8778583 |
| salmonella enteritidis urinary tract infection. | 1996 | 8775876 | |
| typing of salmonella enterica serovar saintpaul: an outbreak investigation. | during the summer of 1993 an outbreak of human salmonellosis caused by salmonella serovar saintpaul occurred in denmark. a total of 35 isolates originating from pigs, turkeys and imported foodstuffs, and 10 human isolates were compared following their characterization by agglutination of the 0:5 factor, antibiogram typing, plasmid profiling, ribotyping and pulsed field gel electrophoresis, in order to identify the most probable source of infection. after typing, the source of the investigated ou ... | 1996 | 8774669 |
| assessment of health risk from salmonella-based rodenticides. | 1996 | 8774594 | |
| line differences in resistance to salmonella enteritidis pt4 infection. | 1. four groups of hens, each of a different line, were inoculated at peak of lay, per os in the crop with 1 ml of a suspension containing 10(9) cfu/ml salmonella enteritidis pt4 (se). the kinetics of se contamination in the environment, egg shell and yolk were studied during the first 28 d post inoculation. on the day of slaughter, intestines, caeca, spleen, liver, ovary, oviduct and content were investigated for se contamination. 2. the commercial egg-type line l2 was found to be the most susce ... | 1996 | 8773842 |
| salmonella enteritidis: phage types and drug resistance among the strains isolated in india and zimbabwe. | 1996 | 8772348 | |
| the effect of thyroid hormone supplementation on hemodynamic stability and survival in an endotoxin-induced model of physiologic stress. | severe physiologic stress is associated with intense changes in the systemic hormonal milieu. among these changes are suppression of the thyroid hormone axis resulting in decreased levels of triiodothyronine (t3) and thyroxine (t4). this study was conducted to determine whether supplemental t3 or t4 improved (1) hemodynamic stability and/or (2) survival following a standardized level of endotoxin (et)-induced physiologic stress. forty-eight hours after placement of internal jugular vein and caro ... | 1996 | 8769946 |
| [comments on the treatment of salmonella infections]. | 1996 | 8767879 | |
| epidemiology of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis infections in southern italy during the years 1980-1994. | increased frequency of identification of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis as a causative agent of sporadic and epidemic cases of infection in humans, along with isolation in many parts of the world of strains belonging in a large proportion to a few phage types, has made phage typing alone inadequate for epidemiological investigations. in southern italy the epidemic increase in isolation of s. enterica serotype enteritidis that has been observed since 1990 has been associated in approxim ... | 1996 | 8763625 |
| mycotic aneurysm of the carotid artery due to salmonella enteritidis associated with multiple brain abscesses. | 1996 | 8760992 | |
| isolates of salmonella enterica enteritidis pt4 with enhanced heat and acid tolerance are more virulent in mice and more invasive in chickens. | two enteritidis pt4 isolates which differed in inherent tolerance to heat, acid, h2o2 and the ability to survive on surfaces were used to infect mice, day-old chicks or laying hens. the acid-, heat-, h2o2- and surface-tolerant isolate was more virulent in mice and more invasive in laying hens, particularly in reproductive tissue. however, no significant differences were observed in behaviour in chicks. both pt4 isolates were able to infect chicks housed in the same room as infected birds, althou ... | 1996 | 8760953 |
| world health organisation--supervised interlaboratory comparison of elisas for the serological detection of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in chickens. | a collaborative exercise, supervised by the world health organisation, was set up to compare elisas used for the serological detection of salmonella enteritica serotype enteritidis in chickens. the aim was to ascertain how far agreement could be reached on the interpretation of optical density readings for high titre, intermediate titre and low titre sera. two sets of sera were sent to 14 participants. the first set compared high, medium and low titre sera raised in specified-pathogen-free and c ... | 1996 | 8760952 |
| recurrent outbreaks of salmonella enteritidis infections in a texas restaurant: phage type 4 arrives in the united states. | in recent years infection caused by salmonella serotype enteritidis (se) phage type 4 has spread through europe but has been uncommon in the usa. the first recognized outbreak of this strain in the usa occurred in a chinese restaurant in ei paso, texas, in april 1993; no source was identified. in september 1993, a second outbreak caused by se phage type 4 was associated with the same restaurant. to determine the cause of the second outbreak, we compared food exposures of the 19 patients with tha ... | 1996 | 8760947 |
| distribution, gene sequence and expression in vivo of the plasmid encoded fimbrial antigen of salmonella serotype enteritidis. | the pefa gene which encoded the serotype associated plasmid (sap) mediated fimbrial major subunit antigen of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium shared genetic identity with 128 of 706 salmonella isolates as demonstrated by dot (colony) hybridization. seventy-seven of 113 isolates of typhimurium and individual isolates of serotypes bovis-morbificans, cholerae-suis and enteritidis phage type 9b hybridized pefa strongly, whereas 48 isolates of enteritidis hybridized pefa weakly and one enteri ... | 1996 | 8760946 |
| effect of adherent lactobacillus spp. on in vitro adherence of salmonellae to the intestinal epithelial cells of chicken. | single strains of lactobacillus acidophilus and lact. fermentum, isolated from chicken intestine, were used to study in vitro interactions with salmonella enteritidis, salm. pullorum or salm. typhimurium in an ileal epithelial cell (iec) radioactive assay. exclusion, competition and displacement phenomena were investigated by respectively incubating (a) lactobacilli and iec together, prior to addition of salmonellae, (b) lactobacilli, iec and salmonellae together, and (c) salmonellae and iec, fo ... | 1996 | 8760330 |
| four outbreaks of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 food poisoning linked to a single baker. | an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness occurred among a party of diners at a hotel in south yorkshire. a case control study identified a gateau, from an outside supplier, as the likeliest vehicle of infection. further gateaux from the same baker's premises and other outlets were examined microbiologically. three other outbreaks of food poisoning in neighbouring districts were recognised and found to be associated with gateaux supplied by the same baker. a total of 32 cases were identified. stoo ... | 1996 | 8755673 |
| [infectious gastroenteritis in relapses of inflammatory bowel disease. therapeutic implications]. | the incidence and clinical importance of infectious gastroenteritis was studied in 67 consecutive relapses of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). a stool culture was done in every case before starting treatment. stool culture was positive in 6 relapses (8.9%): four were exacerbations of ulcerative colitis and two of crohn's disease (8.8% in ulcerative colitis vs 9% in crohn's disease; ns). the microorganisms isolated were campylobacter jejuni in three cases, salmonella enteritidis in two and staph ... | 1996 | 8755323 |
| growth/survival of psychrotrophic pathogens on meat packaged under modified atmospheres. | 1995 | 8750668 | |
| antimicrobial activity of chicken and turkey heterophil peptides chp1, chp2, thp1, and thp3. | four avian heterophil antimicrobial cationic peptides (chicken heterophil peptides 1 and 2, and turkey heterophil peptides 1 and 3) were evaluated for in vitro microbicidal activity against selected avian pathogens and human pathogens which are harbored by birds. at concentrations of 16-2 micrograms/ml, all four avian peptides effected a greater than 90% reduction in the survival of candida albicans, salmonella enteriditis, and campylobacter jejuni. none of the peptides, including the known anti ... | 1995 | 8748545 |
| neutrophil-induced lung damage after hepatic ischemia and endotoxemia. | administration of salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (0.5 mg et/kg) during reperfusion (rp) after short-term hepatic ischemia (20 min) caused severe liver injury induced by kupffer cells and neutrophils and a high mortality rate. to investigate potential lung damage in this model, lung wet-to-dry weight ratios (w/d) and broncho-alveolar lavage (bal) protein content were determined after 4 h of reperfusion. both parameters increased significantly during rp/et (w/d: 4.4 +/- 0.1; bal: 639 +/- 30 micr ... | 1996 | 8746439 |
| salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis induce gut growth and increase the polyamine content of the rat small intestine in vivo. | the effects of infection by salmonella enteritidis and s. typhimurium on the small and large intestines, liver, spleen and mesenteric nodules of rats were studied in vivo. both salmonella serotypes persisted and proliferated in the gastrointestinal tract and invaded sub-epithelial tissues, mainly the ileum, leading to the systemic distribution of these pathogens. coincidental with infection, the rate of crypt cell proliferation increased resulting in substantial growth of the small intestine. th ... | 1995 | 8745011 |
| protection against oral challenge three months after i.v. immunization of balb/c mice with live aro salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis vaccines is serotype (species)-dependent and only partially determined by the main lps o antigen. | the role of the main lps o antigen in the specificity of protection as mediated by systemic mechanisms following immunization with live attenuated aro salmonella vaccines was studied in mice. innately salmonella-susceptible (itys) balb/c mice were immunized intravenously with a single dose of either salmonella typhimurium sl3261 aroa (lps o4,5,12) or salmonella enteritidis se795aroa (lps o1,9,12), and challenged orally 2-3 months later with either s. typhimurium c5 or s. enteritidis thirsk. near ... | 1996 | 8744548 |
| acute anterior uveitis in a child with hla-b60 after salmonella enteritis associated with the transient appearance of auto-antibody. | a japanese girl with hla-b60, but not b27, who developed acute anterior uveitis after salmonella enteritis is described. there was no evidence of arthritis or urethritis during this episode. this is the first report that acute anterior uveitis after salmonella enteritis was associated with the transient appearance of auto-antibody in the serum at an early period. | 1996 | 8741325 |
| studies into the role of the sef14 fimbrial antigen in the pathogenesis of salmonella enteritidis. | to investigate the role of the sef14 fimbrial antigen in pathogenesis, a single defined sefa (sef14-) inactivated mutant of salmonella enteritidis strain la5 was constructed and tested in a number of biological assay systems. there was no significant difference between the wild-type strain and the isogenic sef14- mutant in their abilities to adhere to and invade hep-2 epithelial cells or their survival in mouse peritoneal macrophages, whereas the sef14- mutant was ingested more rapidly by isolat ... | 1996 | 8737493 |
| salmonella enteritidis in eggs stored at room temperature. | 1994 | 8737488 | |
| faecal calprotectin: non-invasive marker of gastrointestinal inflammation in salmonella infected rats. | 1996 | 8736966 | |
| changes in composition and polyamine content in the gastrointestinal tract due to pathogenic infection. | 1996 | 8736921 | |
| characterisation of colony-stimulating activity in the avian t cell-derived factor, salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokine. | this investigation was designed to characterise the specific cytokine activity from the conditioned medium of concanavalin a-stimulated avian t cells derived from salmonella enteritidis-immune chickens, s enteritidis-immune lymphokine (ilk). studies were designed to determine first, whether colony-stimulating activity was present in ilk, second, the type(s) of colonies from the bone marrow that were supported in vitro by the potential colony-stimulating factors in ilk and, third, whether colony- ... | 1996 | 8735511 |
| sensitivity of australian isolates of salmonella enteritidis to nitrofurantoin and furazolidone. | susceptibility of 66 and 62 australian isolates of salmonella enteritidis to nitrofurantoin and furazolidone, respectively, was determined. most isolates were susceptible to both antibiotics. cross-resistance was low among all isolates, but higher among the subset of phage type 4 isolates. these results contrast directly with those of a previous study (rampling, a., upson, r. and brown, d.f.j. (1990) j. antimicrob. chemother., 25: 285-290). sensitivity among australian isolates of s. enteritidis ... | 1996 | 8734648 |
| detection of salmonella enteritidis in eggs by the polymerase chain reaction. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the specific detection of the gene sequence, sefa, encoded by all isolates of salmonella enteritidis, was developed. the pcr could detect as few as four s enteritidis washed bacterial cells but egg contents inhibited the pcr. eggs spiked with 50 s enteritidis bacterial cells were homogenised, inoculated into buffered peptone water and grown at 37 degrees c for 16 hours, when the pcr was successful. a positive internal control was developed to differentiate b ... | 1996 | 8733179 |
| -prolonged fever syndrome and infection of abdominal aortic aneurysm due to salmonella enteritidis]. | endovascular infection of atherosclerotic aorta is a rare event in the setting of aged patients with gram negative bacteremia of the salmonella group. until the beginning of the 60s this meant an ominous diagnosis with an almost unavoidable fatal prognosis. presently, this trend has been reverted, mostly due to an earlier diagnosis, the development of more sophisticated imaging techniques, the correct use of broad spectrum bactericidal antibiotics and prompt surgical management. paradoxically, t ... | 1995 | 8728876 |
| antimicrobial effect of acidified nitrite on gut pathogens: importance of dietary nitrate in host defense. | dietary intake of nitrate generates salivary nitrite, which is acidified in the stomach, leading to a number of reactive intermediates of nitrogen, among which are the potentially carcinogenic n-nitrosamines. acidified nitrite, however, also has antimicrobial activity which coincides with the formation of nitric oxide. the present study examines the antimicrobial effect in vitro of acidified nitrite on salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica, shigella sonnei, and ... | 1996 | 8726013 |
| infectious endocarditis due to non-typhi salmonella in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: report of two cases and review. | endocarditis is not usually considered a complication of aids. because salmonellal bacteremia is common in hiv-infected patients and because salmonellae have a propensity to adhere to endothelial cells, these patients are at risk of endocarditis and endarteritis. we report two cases of endocarditis due to salmonella enteritidis and review three previously reported cases. all five patients had underlying heart valve disease and developed fever, breakthrough or relapsing bacteremia, heart murmurs, ... | 1996 | 8722947 |
| ferrioxamine e-supplemented pre-enrichment and enrichment media improve various isolation methods for salmonella. | supplementation of pre-enrichment broth and enrichment broth media with ferrioxamine e (1 microgram/ml) significantly improved the recovery of salmonella from artificially or naturally contaminated foods. based on the selectivity of ferrioxamine e, salmonella enteritidis and s. typhimurium could be isolated also from various mixed cultures (one salmonella cell in 10(3)-10(4)-fold concentration of cells of competitors) by shaking for 6 h in supplemented buffered peptone water followed by cultivat ... | 1996 | 8722189 |
| collaborative ring-trial of dynabeads anti-salmonella for immunomagnetic separation of stressed salmonella cells from herbs and spices. | eight laboratories participated in a salmonella detection ring-trial which compared selective enrichment by conventional broths with immunomagnetic separation (ims) using dynabeads anti-salmonella. laboratories analyzed six types of herbs and spices that were spiked with one of six freeze-dried salmonella species. each herb and spice analysis comprised of 12 samples (25 g each) which had been spiked at three different levels, plus a negative control and stored for one week prior to testing. out ... | 1996 | 8722185 |
| endotoxin interacts with tumor necrosis factor-alpha to induce vasodilation of isolated rat skeletal muscle arterioles. | sepsis is characterized by decreased peripheral vascular resistance, however, discrepancies exist regarding the specific secondary mediators involved. this study examined whether the presence of endotoxin (et) is a requirement for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) to induce vasodilation of isolated skeletal muscle arterioles. first order cremasteric arterioles were isolated from male sprague-dawley rats, cannulated with glass micropipettes, superfused in physiologic saline, and allowed to ... | 1996 | 8721384 |
| chemosensory responses of acanthamoeba castellanii: visual analysis of random movement and responses to chemical signals. | a visual assay slide chamber was used in conjunction with time-lapse videomicroscopy to analyze chemotactic behavior of axenically grown acanthamoeba castellanii. data were collected and analyzed as vector scatter diagrams and cell tracks. amebas responded to a variety of bacterial products or potential bacterial products by moving actively toward the attractant. responses to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp), lipopolysaccharide, and lipid a were statistically ... | 1996 | 8720945 |
| identification of salmonella enteritidis from experimentally infected hens using a colorimetric dna hybridization method. | identification of salmonella enteritidis from cloacally challenged commercial laying hens was studied by comparing bacterial isolations using conventional methods with detection by the use of the gene-trak colorimetric dna probe assay. more positive test results were obtained using the latter on days 14, 28, and 42 postchallenge, but the difference between the two methods was not statistically significant. over the duration of the experiment, positive cloacal samples were statistically more freq ... | 1995 | 8719223 |
| intratracheal infection of chickens with salmonella enteritidis and the effect of feed and water deprivation. | the tissue distribution of salmonella enteritidis in intratracheally inoculated chickens and the effect of deprivation of food and water on tissue distributions of the bacteria have been investigated. seven-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens were inoculated intratracheally with 10(2), 10(5), or 10(8) cells and orally with 10(5) cells. the intratracheally inoculated organisms entered the blood stream immediately after inoculation and produced generalized infection. infection by the intratra ... | 1995 | 8719220 |
| quantification of experimental salmonella enteritidis carrier state in b13 leghorn chicks. | quantification of the carrier state of salmonella enteritidis in chicks (i.e., persistent asymptomatic association of s. enteritidis with the host), should provide an optimized means for further investigations into this problem. we therefore developed an experimental carrier state model by oral inoculation of low doses (10(2)-10(4)) of s. enteritidis in b13 chicks at different ages. liver, spleen, and ceca colonizations by the challenge strains were measured weekly by enumeration of s. enteritid ... | 1995 | 8719213 |
| pathogenicity and persistence of salmonella enteritidis and egg contamination in normal and infectious bursal disease virus-infected leghorn chicks. | the pathogenicity and persistence of salmonella enteritidis (se) phage type 8 and resulting egg contamination in normal and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv)-infected white leghorn chicks were evaluated over 34 weeks and in some birds over a 64-week period. four hundred 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) straight-run white-leghorn chickens were allotted into four treatment groups: negative control, ibdv-infected, ibdv+se-infected, and se-infected. chicks were infected with ibdv at 1 day ... | 1995 | 8719211 |
| [detection of resistance to the amoxicillin-clavulamic acid combination in salmonella and shigella]. | to study the emergence of amoxicilline/clavulanate resistance in salmonella and shigella. | 1996 | 8714185 |
| heat destruction of salmonella in poultry feed: effect of time, temperature, and moisture. | salmonella enteriditis in poultry feed declines with increasing time of exposure to heat. the interactions of temperature, time, and moisture and their effect on the thermal death of s. enteriditis were established in a factorial randomized experiment. two other serotypes were tested, and though there was some variation, the thermal death rate followed the same basic pattern. a number of samples of poultry feed were collected and dried. after drying, the water was added back to give specific per ... | 1996 | 8713051 |
| efficacy of salmonella enteritidis (se)-immune lymphokines from chickens and turkeys on se liver invasion in one-day-old chicks and turkey poults. | we have shown previously that increased resistance to salmonella enteritidis (se) organ infectivity in 1-day-old chicks was conferred by the immunoprophylactic administration of se-immune lymphokines (seilk). these lymphokines have been found to be present in the cell culture media of concanavalin a-stimulated splenic lymphocytes obtained from se-immunized chickens. in the present study we evaluated whether turkeys also produced seilk and whether these lymphokines could protect 1-day-old chicks ... | 1996 | 8713033 |
| salmonella enteritidis in eggs, cloacal swab specimens, and internal organs of experimentally infected white leghorn chickens. | to investigate prevalence of salmonella enteritidis-positive eggs, excretion of the organism in fecal droppings, and infection of internal organs after oral inoculation of white leghorn hens with s enteritidis phage type 8. | 1996 | 8712512 |