Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| variability and evolution of highly repeated dna sequences in the genus beta. | satellite dna from wild beet species was separated from restriction endonuclease digested genomic dna by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. two nonhomologous haeiii satellite dna repeats were cloned from the wild beet beta trigyna. the type i repeat is 140-149 bp long and at rich, while the type ii is 162 bp in size and gc rich. a third repetitive haeiii element cloned from the related wild beet b. corolliflora was shown to be organized as a hinfi satellite dna family in the cultivated beet b. ... | 1993 | 8112571 |
| expression of tgmv antisense rna in transgenic tobacco inhibits replication of bctv but not acmv geminiviruses. | transgenic tobacco plants expressing an antisense rna targeted against tomato golden mosaic virus (tgmv) show reduced/no symptoms and viral dna accumulation upon tgmv infection [5]. the targeted region includes the al1 gene, encoding an essential viral replication protein. this dna sequence is conserved in various other geminiviruses, suggesting they too might show inhibition of replication in these plants. we infected leaf material with african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and beet curly top vir ... | 1994 | 8111023 |
| purification and characterization of an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from streptomyces lividans 66 and dna sequence of the gene (abfa). | the gene encoding an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (abfa) was homologously cloned in streptomyces lividans and its dna sequence was determined. the enzyme was purified from the cytoplasm of the hyperproducing clone s. lividans iaf116. its m(r) was estimated by gel filtration and found to be approx. 380,000. since sds/page indicated a native protein of m(r) 69,000, it can be concluded that the native protein consists of several subunits of that size. the pi value was 4.6. the kinetic constants dete ... | 1994 | 8092996 |
| localization of cytosolically oriented maleimide-reactive domain of vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase. | the vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase (v-ppase) of plant cells is subject to substrate (mg2ppi)-protectable, free ppi-potentiated irreversible inhibition by the sulfhydryl reagent n-ethylmaleimide (nem). inhibition by nem approximates pseudo-first order kinetics and double-log plots of the first order rate constant for inactivation versus nem concentration yield a straight line relationship with a slope of approximately unity. since nem and the membrane-impermeant cysteine reagent 3-(n-maleimidylpro ... | 1994 | 8083239 |
| vacuolar h(+)-pumping atpase variable transport coupling ratio controlled by ph. | the eukaryote endomembrane system contains a class of h(+)-pumping atpase (h(+)-atpases) of the vacuolar type (v-atpases) that are responsible for the acidification of organelles. their action is critical to numerous physiological processes, but the regulatory mechanisms that may control activity are not yet fully understood. the ratio of h+ transported per atp hydrolyzed (n) has been determined thermodynamically for the red beet v-atpase by using patch clamp. the value of n was found to range f ... | 1994 | 8078920 |
| feruloyl oligosaccharides from cell walls of suspension-cultured spinach cells and sugar beet pulp. | cell walls of suspension-cultured spinach cells and sugar beet pulp were separately hydrolyzed with driselase. a feruloyl arabinobiose was isolated from both spinach cells and sugar beet. four feruloyl oligosaccharides were obtained from sugar beet. the four oligosaccharides were characterized by nmr spectroscopy, methylation analysis and fab-ms. | 1994 | 8075900 |
| expression of the crystal protein gene under the control of the alpha-amylase promoter in bacillus thuringiensis strains. | the expression of an insecticidal crystal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis under the control of the alpha-amylase gene promoter was investigated. the cryic gene, which encodes a protein known to have a unique activity against spodoptera (armyworm) species, was used in this investigation. the cryic gene was placed, along with the alpha-amylase promoter from b. subtilis, in a b. thuringiensis-derived cloning vector, generating a pair of recombinant plasmids, psb744 and psb745. the cloning ve ... | 1994 | 8074511 |
| [effect of fruit and vegetable juices on the changes in the production of carcinogenic n-nitroso compounds in human gastric juice]. | the study was made of the effect of apple, grapefruit, orange and beet juices on in vitro formation of n-nitrosodimethylamine (ndma) from sodium nitrite and amidopirin in human gastric juice (gj). experimental samples of gj from outpatients attending the outpatient department of the ams cancer research center were used. the patients had various forms of gastritis and gastric cancer. it was found that fruit and beet juices may inhibit or enhance ndma formation depending on the gj composition, ph ... | 1993 | 8073694 |
| utilization of beet molasses for riboflavin production by mycobacterium phlei. | mycobacterium phlei was tested for its ability to utilize beet molasses as the sole carbon source and produce riboflavin. the crude beet molasses was analyzed and treated in various ways to reduce its heavy element content and to remove the muddy residue. promising amounts of riboflavin were produced when the organism was cultivated on decationized (resin-treated) beet molasses. the highest vitamin productivity was achieved by incubating the inoculated medium containing 9% molasses and initially ... | 1994 | 8071802 |
| detection of virus infection in plants and differentiation between coexisting viruses by monoclonal antibodies to double-stranded rna. | monoclonal antibodies to double-stranded rna (dsrna) are described for use as a universal diagnostic tool to detect infection in plants by rna viruses. crude nucleic acid extracts from plants infected with one of 25 different viruses were examined by sandwich-elisa and immunoblotting. in comparison to the corresponding controls elevated dsrna concentrations were found in 21 infected samples by elisa; virus-specific dsrna bands from 18 viruses were detected by immunoblotting. using this method th ... | 1994 | 8071415 |
| normative data for commercial pineapple juice from concentrate. | normative data for pineapple juice from concentrate were determined for 19 samples, including 5 that had been aseptically processed and representing 4 of the major pineapple growing regions of the world. values are reported for sugars, organic acids, including isocitric acid, metals (specifically potassium, sodium calcium, and magnesium), delta 13c, and oligosaccharides. although geographical variation existed, the observed ranges and variances were small enough to be useful in describing authen ... | 2016 | 8069130 |
| influence of a dietary fiber on development of dimethylhydrazine-induced aberrant crypt foci and colon tumor incidence in wistar rats. | formation of aberrant crypt foci (acf) in archived colon tissue from animals in a previous study was examined. the animals were fed a semisynthetic casein-based diet in which the carbohydrate pool was substituted with a dietary beet fiber (fibeta) as the only source of fiber. oral doses of dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (dmh-2hcl, 20 mg/kg body wt) once a week for 10 weeks were used as initiator. the rats were fed different levels of the fiber in a preinitiation period, during initiation, or ... | 1994 | 8058528 |
| involvement of small intestinal motility in blood glucose response to dietary fibre in man. | three dietary fibres with different physicochemical properties were studied in healthy humans for their effects on small intestinal motility and postprandial hyperglycaemia. duodeno-jejunal motor activity was evaluated electromyographically for 180 min in six subjects who had ingested a test meal composed of glucose alone or glucose with 15 g of wheat bran (wb), sugar beet (sb) or ispaghula (i) fibres. glucose and insulin concentrations were determined during the same period. each subject receiv ... | 1994 | 8054323 |
| strain-specific mobilization and amplification of a transgenic defective-interfering dna of the geminivirus beet curly top virus. | transgenic nicotiana benthamiana plants have been constructed which bear integrated, tandemly repeated copies of a beet curly top virus (bctv) defective-interfering (di) dna derived from the logan strain. transgenic di-dna plant lines challenge-inoculated with bctv-logan exhibited delayed and attenuated symptoms compared to nontransgenic plants. infection of transgenic plants with the logan strain resulted in the mobilization of the integrated di-dna sequence, which was subsequently amplified as ... | 1994 | 8053165 |
| protopectinase-t: a rhamnogalacturonase able to solubilize protopectin from sugar beet. | protopectinase-t (ppase-t), isolated from the culture broth of trametes sanguinea, was able to release pectic substances from sugar beet by degrading rhamnogalacturonan. the smallest polysaccharide (sps) that can serve as a substrate for ppase-t was prepared from sugar beet pulp by extraction with naoh and digestion with alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase, alpha-l-arabinase, and beta-(1-->4)-d-galactanase. the reaction products of sps with ppase-t were isolated by chromatography on deae-toyopearl 650m ... | 1994 | 8039191 |
| in situ localisation of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) in rootlets of susceptible and resistant beet plants. | mechanisms of resistance to beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) were studied by comparing the multiplication and distribution of bnyvv in root tissue of some beet accessions. seedlings were infected either by soil containing resting spores of polymyxa betae with bnyvv, or by a viruliferous zoospore suspension. with both inoculation methods high virus concentrations were obtained in rootlets of the susceptible cultivar 'regina'. using infested soil, low virus concentrations were found in the ... | 1994 | 8031238 |
| nucleotide sequence of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows luteovirus. | the nucleotide sequence (5669 residues) of the genomic rna of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows luteovirus (cabyv) is presented. analysis of genome organization and sequence homologies indicate that cabyv is a member of luteovirus subgroup 2 (other sequenced members: beet western yellows virus, potato leafroll virus, and barley yellow dwarf virus, rpv isolate) and appears to be most closely related to beet western yellows virus. | 1994 | 8030201 |
| partial characterization of the lettuce infectious yellows virus genomic rnas, identification of the coat protein gene and comparison of its amino acid sequence with those of other filamentous rna plant viruses. | purified virions of lettuce infectious yellows virus (liyv), a tentative member of the closterovirus group, contained two rnas of approximately 8500 and 7300 nucleotides (rnas 1 and 2 respectively) and a single coat protein species with m(r) of approximately 28,000. liyv-infected plants contained multiple dsrnas. the two largest were the correct size for the replicative forms of liyv virion rnas 1 and 2. to assess the relationships between liyv rnas 1 and 2, cdnas corresponding to the virion rna ... | 1994 | 8021583 |
| a hydroxyproline-containing class iv chitinase of sugar beet is glycosylated with xylose. | two acidic chitinase isoforms, sp1 and sp2, have been purified to homogeneity from leaves of sugar beet (beta vulgaris) infected with cercospora beticola. sp1 and sp2 are extracellular proteins with an apparent molecular mass of 35 kda and an approximate pi of 4.2. since the only major difference was slightly diverging m(r)'s, only the sp2 chitinase was further characterized. partial amino acid sequence data for sp2 was used to generate a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) clone employed for the is ... | 1994 | 8018873 |
| determination of honey authenticity by anion-exchange liquid chromatography. | methodology using anion-exchange liquid chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection was developed to determine the addition of invert syrups (beet or cane) and high-fructose corn syrup to honey. the invert syrups used were either chemically (commercially) or enzymatically prepared. fingerprint oligosaccharides were shown to be present in these sweeteners, which were either not detectable or present at low concentrations in pure honey. forty-four pure honey samples produced in continental n ... | 2015 | 8012223 |
| determination of soluble dietary fiber in foods and food products: collaborative study. | a collaborative study was conducted to determine the soluble dietary fiber (sdf) content of foods and food products by using a combination of enzymatic and gravimetric procedures. the method was basically the same as that employed for determining total dietary fiber (tdf), 985.29, and the method for insoluble dietary fiber (idf), 991.42. ten laboratories were each sent 13 test samples (6 blind duplicates and 1 standard [green beans] containing 29-33% tdf, 19-23% idf, and 8-13% sdf) and were inst ... | 2009 | 8012222 |
| differential screening of mitochondrial cdna libraries from male-fertile and cytoplasmic male-sterile sugar-beet reveals genome rearrangements at atp6 and atpa loci. | as part of a strategy to define differences in genome organization and expression between cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) and male-fertile (mf) sugar-beet mitochondria, cdna libraries from both mitochondrial genotypes were constructed. preliminary screening with ribosomal rna gene probes identified candidate cdna clones corresponding to structural genes. in addition, reciprocal hybridization experiments were performed using labelled first-strand cdna to identify uniquely transcribed sequences. on ... | 1994 | 8003700 |
| arabinase gene expression in aspergillus niger: indications for coordinated regulation. | aspergillus niger secretes three glycosylated glycosyl hydrolases which are involved in degradation of the plant cell wall polysaccharide l-arabinan: alpha-l-arabinofuranosidases (abf) a and b, and endo-1,5-alpha-l-arabinase (abn) a. the nucleotide sequence of the previously cloned gene encoding abf a (abfa) from a. niger was determined. the coding region contains seven introns. mature abf a comprises 603 amino acids with a molecular mass of 65.4 kda as deduced from the nucleotide sequence. the ... | 1994 | 8000538 |
| the nucleotide sequence of potato mop-top virus rna 2: a novel type of genome organization for a furovirus. | particles of isolate t of potato mop-top furovirus (pmtv) contain three rna species (6.5, 3.0 and 2.5 kb). hybridization tests with cloned cdna probes showed that none of these species was derived from another. rna 2 (2962 nt), which was sequenced, has non-coding regions of 368 nt and 285 nt at the 5' end and 3' end, respectively. near the 5' terminus, nucleotides 46 to 110 are able to form a stem-loop structure, the stem of which has 23 bp with only one mismatch and one unpaired nucleotide. fro ... | 1994 | 7996148 |
| identification of loci in arabidopsis that confer resistance to geminivirus infection. | the infection of susceptible plant hosts by single-stranded dna viruses in the geminivirus group depends on the interaction of host and viral factors for the replication of viral dna, the expression of viral genes, and the movement of virus throughout the plant. this paper reports that two strains of the geminivirus, beet curly top virus (bctv) differ in their ability to infect certain ecotypes of arabidopsis thaliana. symptoms appeared on susceptible plants approximately 2-3 weeks after inocula ... | 1994 | 7987411 |
| [levels of sodium and potassium and their relation to ovarian hormones during estrus synchronization and pregnancy in ewes]. | the active transport of mineral substances by cell membranes plays an important role in the neurohumoral regulation of reproductive processes in farm animals. a great importance is attributed to lipoproteins as sources of the primary precursor of steroid synthesis in the placenta and ovaries (knopp et al., 1986; grummer et al., 1988). the effects of hormones on k metabolism in the blood serum of ewes were studied by hawk et al. (1961). krajnicáková et al. (1993) observed the dynamic changes of e ... | 1994 | 7975052 |
| [values of nitrates and nitrites in selected vegetables given to hospitalized children]. | in the study the levels of nitrates and nitrites were determined in certain vegetables used in preparation of meals for hospitalized children. the material studied comprised vegetables taken in three seasons of the year: autumn, winter, spring. nitrates and nitrites were determined by the colorimetric method with griess reagent after previous reduction of nitrates to nitrites with metallic cadmium. the content of nitrates, over 1 g nano3/kg, was found in celery, beet-roots, lettuce, green leaves ... | 1993 | 7973400 |
| [an attempt to investigate the effect of magnesium ion supplements on changes in levels of nitrates and nitrites in selected pickled vegetables]. | the aim of this study was to examine the effect of magnesium ions on some changes in the nitrate reductase activity in the white headed cabbage as well as a practical application of the results obtained in vegetable souring. as experimental material were used: white and red headed cabbage, red beets and the same vegetable in the soured form. vegetable souring was performed using a traditional method as well as a modified one, considering a supplement of magnesium chloride at various levels durin ... | 1993 | 7973399 |
| isolation and characterization of cdnas encoding the vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase of beta vulgaris. | the h(+)-pyrophosphatase (v-ppase) of plant vacuolar membranes catalyzes the electrogenic translocation of h+ from the cytosol to vacuole lumen and, in parallel with the vacuolar h(+)-atpase located in the same membrane, establishes the inside-acid, inside-positive h(+)-electrochemical potential difference responsible for energizing the h(+)-coupled transport of solutes into the vacuole. the results of previous investigations suggest that the gene encoding the substrate-binding subunit of the v- ... | 1994 | 7972521 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of peanut clump virus rna 1 and relationships with other fungus-transmitted rod-shaped viruses. | the complete nucleotide sequence of rna 1 of the tentative furovirus peanut clump virus (pcv) has been determined by characterization of cloned cdna and by direct rna sequencing. the sequence is 5897 nucleotides in length and contains three long open reading frames (orfs). the 5'-terminal proximal orf has the potential to encode a polypeptide of m(r) 130942 (p131) containing methyltransferase and rna helicase homologous domains and displaying homology with large nonstructural proteins of alpha-l ... | 1994 | 7964624 |
| quantitative evaluation of fiber from nonforage sources used to replace alfalfa silage. | the effectiveness of ndf from nonforage fiber sources was evaluated in two trials using midlactation holsteins. dietary ndf was added to the basal diet using either alfalfa silage or a nonforage high fiber feed. diets were fed for 21 d. in trial 1, four amounts of alfalfa were fed. basal milk fat percentage was 2.61% at 144 g of alfalfa ndf/kg of diet and increased linearly by .066 for each additional 1% alfalfa ndf added, up to 22.8 g of alfalfa ndf/kg of diet. based on one amount of added nonf ... | 1994 | 7962854 |
| phenotypic and genotypic diversity of fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from field-grown sugar beet. | a sample of 30 fluorescent pseudomonads isolated from the phyllosphere of sugar beet throughout a single growing season and shown to be closely related on the basis of fatty acid methyl ester (fame) analysis was subjected to detailed phenotypic and genotypic characterization. phenotypic traits were assessed on the basis of biochemical properties, assimilation of sole carbon sources, fame analysis, organic pyrolysate content (ms-pyrolysis), and total cellular protein profiles. with the exception ... | 1994 | 7952185 |
| the effects of dietary sugar-beet fibre and guar gum on lipid metabolism in wistar rats. | this study investigates the mechanisms of action for the hypocholesterolaemic effects of sugar-beet fibre (sbf) and guar gum. four groups of ten male wistar rats were fed ad lib. on test diets containing either 100 g sbf or guar/kg, or control diets containing 100 g cellulose or wheat bran/kg for 28 d. food intake, weight gain and food consumption ratios were unaffected by the diets. circulating cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower in both sbf- and guar-fed ... | 1994 | 7947654 |
| on the identification of group ii introns in nucleotide sequence data. | four different consensus sequences (gti, group ii identifiers) have been derived from domains v of known group ii introns and are used as query input sequences for sensitive database screenings with the fasta and lfasta programs. the set of four gti sequences can identify all domains v of the 96 known group ii introns in the completely sequenced chloroplast genomes of marchantia polymorpha, epifagus virginiana, oryza sativa, nicotiana tabacum and the completely sequenced mitochondrial genomes of ... | 1994 | 7932698 |
| the infectivity of dimeric potato yellow mosaic geminivirus clones in different hosts. | head-to-tail dimeric clones of both dna a and dna b of potato yellow mosaic geminivirus (pymv) were constructed. these constructs were infectious when inoculated onto nicotiana benthamiana plants either as dna or by agroinoculation and were also infectious for tomato plants by agroinoculation. the dimers were not infectious for potato plants following inoculation by either method. symptom induction required both dna a and dna b but agroinoculation with dna a alone resulted in virus spread in 30% ... | 1994 | 7931179 |
| coat protein sequences of rmv-like strains of barley yellow dwarf virus separate them from other luteoviruses. | illinois (il) and minnesota (mn) rmv-like strains of barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv) were identified from maize displaying red leaf symptoms by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using antiserum against a new york strain (bydv-rmv-ny). some il and mn strains, but not the ny strain, could be detected by elisa with a monoclonal antibody raised against bydv-rpv-ny. the region of the viral genome representing the coat protein gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, cloned and sequen ... | 1994 | 7928284 |
| herbivore-induced volatiles: the emission of acyclic homoterpenes from leaves of phaseolus lunatus and zea mays can be triggered by a beta-glucosidase and jasmonic acid. | the treatment of healthy, undamaged plants of the lima bean phaseolus lunatus with solutions of a beta-glucosidase from bitter almonds (at 5 u.ml-1) through the petiole results in an enhanced emission of volatiles to the environment. the compounds are identical with those emitted in response to infestation with the red spotted spider mite tetranychus urticae. dominant products are the two acyclic homoterpenes 4,8-dimethyl-1,3e,7- dimethylnonatriene (homoterpene i) and 4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3e,7e,11 ... | 1994 | 7925964 |
| actual medical and ergonomic problems in agriculture in the ukraine. | a new agrarian policy in a number of countries caused the necessity to introduce additional measures aimed at preventing of agricultural workers' health. the epidemiological studies in the ukraine revealed the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension) particularly among operators of agricultural machines and workers being in contact with pesticides. the state of health of women working in greenhouses and those in sugar beet growing is assessed. the rat ... | 1994 | 7921900 |
| soil biodegradation and leaf transfer of insecticide imidacloprid applied in seed dressing in sugar beet crops. | 1994 | 7919709 | |
| affinity purification of sucrose binding proteins from the plant plasma membrane. | purified plasma membranes from sugar beet leaves were solubilized by 1% 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)-1-propanesulfonate and loaded on a sepharose 6 b column substituted with sucrose. elution with sucrose at ph 5.2 yielded a peak that represented 0.2% of the loaded protein. this peak did not appear when the samples were pretreated with either 0.5 mm n-ethylmaleimide (nem) or 0.5 mm para-chloromercuribenzenesulfonic acid. it was also absent when palatinose, a sucrose analogue not recogni ... | 1994 | 7918635 |
| effect of ammonia treatment of wheat straw with or without supplementation of potato protein on intake, digestion and kinetics of comminution, rumen degradation and passage in steers. | untreated wheat straw (uws) or ammoniated wheat straw without (aws) or with (awsp) a supplement of potato protein of a low rumen degradability was fed to three steers according to a 3 x 3 latin square design. all rations were supplemented with sugar-beet pulp and minerals. voluntary organic matter intake (omi, g/kg0.75 per d) was 67.8, 76.0 and 80.1 for whole rations (51.1, 59.7 and 59.2 for straw) for uws, aws and awsp respectively, which was significantly higher for aws and awsp than for uws. ... | 1994 | 7918323 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of reverse transcription-pcr products reveals the existence of two major strain groups of beet necrotic yellow vein virus. | beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv)-infected sugarbeets were obtained from many parts of europe and also from some sites in asia and the u.s.a. reverse transcription (rt)-pcr products of more than 1 kbp were obtained for four different regions of the viral genome which may be particularly important with respect to the pathogenic properties of the virus, i.e. for the coat protein and the 42k protein-encoding regions on rna 2 and for major parts of rnas 3 and 4. restriction fragment length pol ... | 1994 | 7913953 |
| in situ localization of the non-structural protein p25 encoded by beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna 3. | the in situ localization of the non-structural protein p25 encoded by beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) rna 3 and of the bnyvv coat protein (cp) was studied by immunoelectron microscopy in infected leaf and root cells of chenopodium murale and c. quinoa. the cp was detected in the cytoplasm of all cell types except xylem, sieve elements, and companion cells. p25 was detected in the cytoplasm and nuclei of the same cell types. the intensity of cp labelling varied depending upon the stage of ... | 1995 | 7897353 |
| expression of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene in barley in response to osmotic stress and abscisic acid. | when subjected to salt stress or drought, some vascular plants such as barley respond with an increased accumulation of the osmoprotectant glycine betaine (betaine), being the last step of betaine synthesis catalyzed by betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (badh). we report here cloning and characterization of badh cdna from barley, a monocot, and the expression pattern of a badh transcript. an open reading frame of 1515 bp encoded a protein which showed high homology to badh enzymes present in other ... | 1995 | 7888620 |
| purification and characterization of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from bacillus stearothermophilus t-6. | bacillus stearothermophilus t-6 produced an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase when grown in the presence of l-arabinose, sugar beet arabinan, or oat spelt xylan. at the end of a fermentation, about 40% of the activity was extracellular, and enzyme activity in the cell-free supernatant could reach 25 u/ml. the enzymatic activity in the supernatant was concentrated against polyethylene glycol 20000, and the enzyme was purified eightfold by anion-exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatographies. the ... | 1995 | 7887599 |
| aphid transmission of beet western yellows luteovirus requires the minor capsid read-through protein p74. | beet western yellows luteovirus is obligately transmitted by the aphid myzus persicae in a circulative, non-propagative fashion. virus movement across the epithelial cells of the digestive tube into the hemocoel and from the hemocoel into the accessory salivary glands is believed to occur by receptor-mediated endocytosis and exocytosis. virions contain two types of protein; the major 22 kda capsid protein and the minor read-through protein, p74, which is composed of the major capsid protein fuse ... | 1995 | 7882968 |
| [value of nitrates and nitrites in selected vegetables and potatoes sold in the marketplace of białystok in the years 1991-1992]. | nitrate and nitrite contents were determined in selected vegetables and potatoes from the market in białystok and from ecology cultivation in the years 1991-1992. the modified griess method was used for determination of nitrate. the results showed that the nitrate contents in red beets, cabbages, parsley, carrots, celery and potatoes, were higher than the suggested limit in poland. in the group of vegetables from special cultivation plots, the nitrate contents also exceeded the maximal permissib ... | 1994 | 7878350 |
| [content of nitrates and nitrites in early vegetables and potatoes sold in the marketplace of białystok in the year 1992]. | nitrate and nitrite were determined in early vegetables and potatoes sold in białystok in 1992. the levels of nitrates and nitrites were determined in 248 samples. nitrate and nitrite were evaluated spectrophotometrically by the method of the griess reaction, after reduction of the nitrates to nitrites, with cadmium dust. high values of nitrate were found in the early vegetables: lettuce, young red beets, radishes, dills, parsley, carrots, cucumbers and potatoes. the results were higher than the ... | 1994 | 7878349 |
| [value of harmful elements in fruit and vegetables grown in the province of siedlce]. | the content of iron, manganese, nickel, lead, copper, zinc and cadmium was determined by means of atomic absorption spectrometry (asa) in vegetables and fruit grown in the province of siedlce. the studied fruits included tomatoes, cucumbers, cabbages, carrots, parsley, celery, red beets, potatoes garden strawberries, black and red currants, raspberries, apples, plums and cherries. the total number of studied samples of fruits and vegetables was 229. in 49 studied samples cadmium exceeded 0.03 mg ... | 1994 | 7878342 |
| [effects of reduced food intake on digestive flux and use of nitrogenous matter by goats]. | limited feeding effects (75% of ad libitum) were studied in 3 adult dry goats. their diet was composed of dried beet pulps (1/3 dm), dried alfalfa (1/3 dm) and hay (1/3 dm). the cp content was 11.9% dm. rumen fermented om was decreased by 243 g.d-1, but rumen ph and ammonia content remained the same. rumen bacteria synthesis efficiency was decreased (-4%), but the value (151 g crude bacteria protein.kg-1 dom) was higher than conventional values used in pdi and nrc systems. nitrogen rumen balance ... | 1995 | 7873041 |
| a proline-rich chitinase from beta vulgaris. | a gene (ch1) encoding a novel type of chitinase was isolated from beta vulgaris. the ch1 protein consists of an n-terminal hydrophobic prepeptide of 25 amino acids followed by a hevein-like domain of 22 amino acid residues, an unusually long proline-rich domain of 131 amino acid residues with 90 prolines, and finally a catalytic domain of 261 amino acid residues. proteins with similar proline-rich domains are present in some other plants. the ch1 gene shows a transient expression in response to ... | 1995 | 7865792 |
| isolation and expression analysis of cdna clones encoding a small and a large subunit of adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase from sugar beet. | the cdna cloning of a small and a large subunit of adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase (agpase) from sugar beet is reported. the deduced amino acid sequences are highly homologous to previously identified agpase polypeptides from other plant species. both subunits are encoded by low copy genes. when rna gel blot experiments were performed, strongest expression was detected in sink and source leaves of greenhouse-grown sugar beet plants. a lower expression was found in other tissues tested, i.e. in the ... | 1995 | 7865789 |
| [beet necrotic yellow vein virus transmitted by the fungus polymyxa betae]. | 1994 | 7856119 | |
| strain-specific determinants of beet curly top geminivirus dna replication. | the logan and cfh strains of the geminivirus beet curly top virus (bctv) possess cis- and trans-dna replication factors which exhibit specificity and are not functionally interchangeable. we demonstrate that the cis-acting replication specificity element is entirely contained within a 82- to 97-bp fragment which includes most of the viral dna origin of replication. we also demonstrate that the strain-specific trans-acting replication determinant is located within amino acid residues 3-89 of the ... | 1995 | 7856103 |
| a recombinational event in the history of luteoviruses probably induced by base-pairing between the genomes of two distinct viruses. | alignments of luteovirus readthrough protein amino acid sequences show they consist of two distinct regions, here named the n domain and the c domain. n domain sequences were classified, and comparison of this gene phylogeny to phylogenies of other luteovirus genes revealed an anomaly in the relationships between beet western yellows luteovirus, cucurbit aphidborne yellows luteovirus (cabyv), and pea enation mosaic rna1 (pemv1). together with alignments of virion protein and readthrough protein ... | 1995 | 7856086 |
| genetic analysis of beet curly top virus: examination of the roles of l2 and l3 genes in viral pathogenesis. | the monopartite dna genome of beet curly top geminivirus (bctv, strain logan) contains four leftward (complementary sense) open reading frames (orfs) designated l1, l2, l3, and l4. we investigated the functions of the l2 and l3 orfs by mutational analysis. we found that in nicotiana benthamiana and sugarbeet plants, neither a functional l2 nor a functional l3 gene is required for infectivity. double mutants were also infectious, and no evidence for a synergistic effect of these genes was evident ... | 1995 | 7856079 |
| classification and identification of geminiviruses using sequence comparisons. | the genomes and orfs of 36 geminiviruses were compared to obtain phylogenetic trees and frequency distributions of all possible pairwise comparisons with an objective to classify geminiviruses. such comparisons show that geminiviruses form two distinct clusters of leafhopper-transmitted viruses that infect monocots (subgroup i) and whitefly-transmitted viruses that infect dicots (subgroup iii), irrespective of the part of the genome considered. of the two leafhopper-transmitted viruses that infe ... | 1995 | 7844548 |
| effects of concentrated separator dried beet pulp on nutrient digestibility, milk production, and preference of holstein cattle. | concentrated separator by-product was fed to cattle to determine tdn, milk production, and feed preference. the tdn content of concentrated separator by-product was determined using a substitution method involving a basal diet of alfalfa and grass hay and a treatment diet of alfalfa and grass hay plus 10% added concentrated separator by-product. four ruminally cannulated cows in a replicated 2 x 2 latin square design were used. the estimated tdn content of concentrated separator by-product was 5 ... | 1994 | 7836593 |
| sequence analysis and gene content of potato mop-top virus rna 3: further evidence of heterogeneity in the genome organization of furoviruses. | the complete sequence of the 2315 nucleotides in rna 3 of potato mop-top furovirus (pmtv) isolate t was obtained by analysis of cdna clones and by direct rna sequencing. the sequence contains an open reading frame for the coat protein (20k) terminated by an amber codon, followed by an in-phase coding region for an additional 47k. pmtv therefore resembles soil-borne wheat mosaic (sbwmv) and beet necrotic yellow vein (bnyvv) viruses (two other fungus-transmitted viruses with rod-shaped particles) ... | 1995 | 7831829 |
| apolipoprotein mrna in liver and intestine of rats is affected by dietary beet fiber or cholestyramine. | rats were fed a cholesterol-free diet with no added fiber (fiber-free) or with 15 g/100 g beet fiber or 5 g/100 g cholestyramine for 14 d. final plasma total cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower in rats fed beet fiber than in those fed fiber-free or cholestyramine diets. this difference was due mainly to lower hdl cholesterol concentrations. the group fed beet fiber also tended (p < 0.1) to have lower apolipoprotein a-i concentration in plasma. northern blot analysis revealed that ... | 1995 | 7815170 |
| degradation of feruloylated oligosaccharides from sugar-beet pulp and wheat bran by ferulic acid esterases from aspergillus niger. | the activity of two forms of ferulic acid esterase (fae) from aspergillus niger on a synthetic feruloylated substrate (methyl ferulate) and on 11 different feruloylated oligosaccharides from sugar-beet pulp and wheat bran was determined. the enzymes exhibited different specificities for the various feruloylated substrates and were more active on certain substrates of cell-wall origin than on methyl ferulate. both enzymes preferred the arabinose residue to which ferulic acid is attached in the fu ... | 1994 | 7805053 |
| structure identification of feruloylated oligosaccharides from sugar-beet pulp by nmr spectroscopy. | 1d nmr (1h and 13c) and 2d nmr spectroscopy have been used to determine the structure of feruloylated oligosaccharides obtained by enzymic degradation or mild acid hydrolysis of sugar-beet pulp. feruloylated oligosaccharides derived from pectic neutral side-chains containing arabinose or galactose residues were identified. in the feruloylated arabinose oligosaccharides, feruloyl groups were linked to o-2 of l-ara f residues. the structure of the feruloylated arabinose disaccharide was identified ... | 1994 | 7805052 |
| isolation and purification of feruloylated oligosaccharides from cell walls of sugar-beet pulp. | cell walls from sugar-beet pulp contain some feruloyl groups linked to the pectic neutral side-chains. enzymic as well as chemical hydrolysis of the pulp yielded a series of feruloylated oligosaccharides, which have been purified by sephadex lh-20 and biogel p-2 chromatography in aqueous solvents. feruloylated arabinose di-, tri-, hexa-, hepta-, and octa-saccharides as well as feruloylated galactose disaccharides were obtained after hydrolysis of the pulp with a mixture of fungal carbohydrases ( ... | 1994 | 7805051 |
| transition state structures for the hydrolysis of alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride by retaining and inverting reactions of glycosylases. | secondary tritium and primary 14c kinetic isotope effects were measured for the hydrolysis of alpha-d-glucopyranosyl fluoride catalyzed by sugar beet seed alpha-d-glucosidase, forming alpha-d-glucose, and by rhizopus niveus glucoamylase forming beta-d-glucose. the data provided a novel opportunity to model and directly compare the transition state structures for the hydrolysis of a substrate promoted with retention or inversion of configuration according to the enzyme catalyst. the isotope effec ... | 1994 | 7798231 |
| the small cysteine-rich protein p14 of beet necrotic yellow vein virus regulates accumulation of rna 2 in cis and coat protein in trans. | the effect of null mutations of the small cysteine-rich protein p14 encoded by rna 2 of beet necrotic yellow vein virus has been investigated using in vitro transcripts of viral rna to infect chenopodium quinoa protoplasts. the p14 mutations down-regulated rna 2 accumulation by approximately 10- to 50-fold. accumulation of minus-strand rna 2 was also diminished but rna 1 accumulation was much less affected. the inhibition of rna 2 accumulation could not be complemented in trans by providing p14 ... | 1995 | 7793082 |
| [accumulation of heavy metals (pb, cd) in selected varieties of vegetables]. | vegetables have a great share in supplying of lead and cadmium with food into the human organism. for this reason an attempt was undertaken for quantitative evaluation of accumulation of those metals in three varieties of the following vegetables: carrots, parsley, garden beet, cabbage and potato grown at identical fertilization, weather conditions and pollution. cadmium and lead were complexed with diethyldithiocarbamate, extracted into organic phase, and determined using atomic absorption spec ... | 1994 | 7792516 |
| quantity and economic importance of nine selected by-products used in california dairy rations. | food processing representatives, brokers, nutritionists, livestock producers, and trade associations were surveyed to quantify 9 by-products used for feeding livestock during 1992 in california. the commodities were almond hulls, dried beet pulp, wet brewers grains, wet citrus pulp, pressed citrus pulp, wet corn gluten feed, corn gluten meal, whole cottonseed, and rice bran. the 9 by-products contributed over 2.5 million tonnes and about 27% of the total feed concentrate moved within california ... | 1995 | 7790589 |
| plasma membrane intrinsic proteins of beta vulgaris l. | the plasma membrane (pm) of higher plants contains numerous proteins; however, due to their low abundance, only a few have been identified and characterized by direct biochemical approaches. the major intrinsic protein (mip) family is a class of highly hydrophobic integral membrane proteins thought to function as channels that facilitate the passage of water, small solutes, and possibly other moieties through the membrane. a family of pm intrinsic proteins was purified and characterized from pm ... | 1995 | 7784509 |
| [the content of nitrates and nitrites in fruits, vegetables and other foodstuffs]. | there are presented the results of the investigation of many popular fresh and frozen vegetables as well as in fresh and frozen fruits, such as different kind of apples, strawberries, currants, raspberries and many other tender fruits mainly from market and few from own allotment-cottages performed in the year 1989-1992. the nitrate and nitrite was determined according to the griess reaction. high levels of nitrate was encountered in lettuce, frozen spinach, fennel, radishes, parsley. many of th ... | 1994 | 7777773 |
| the voltage-gated ca2+ release channel in the vacuolar membrane of sugar beet resides in two activity states. | the voltage-gated ca2+ release channel in the vacuolar membrane of sugar beet tap roots resides in two states which show similar reversal potentials in biionic conditions but differ dramatically in their single channel current and open frequency. state i has a unitary ca2+ conductance of 3.9 +/- 0.5 ps and channel openings are rare at vacuolar resting potentials. after spontaneous and reversible transition into state ii the unitary ca2+ conductance increases three-fold, accompanied by a concomit ... | 1995 | 7774705 |
| purification and properties of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from beet leaves. | we have purified to homogeneity 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from leaves of silver beet (beta vulgaris l.) by means of cation-exchange and affinity chromatography. the enzyme is a homodimer of 52 kda subunits; it catalyzes nadp dependent oxidation of 6-p-gluconate with michaelian substrate saturation. the activity is affected by some intermediates of carbohydrate metabolism, particularly erythrose-4-p. subcellular fractionation studies indicate the cytosolic location of the enzyme. | 1995 | 7773202 |
| a novel protein from mung bean hypocotyl cell walls with acetyl esterase activity. | an acetyl esterase was purified from cell walls isolated from mung bean hypocotyls. the purified enzyme had an apparent mr of 43,300 and an apparent pi > 9. it rapidly deesterified triacetin and p-nitrophenylacetate and slowly released acetate from beet and flax pectins, the deesterification rate being increased by previous demethylation of the pectins. no significant peptide sequence identity between the acetyl esterase and any known protein could be found in protein data bases. | 1995 | 7772302 |
| cloning of genes required for hypersensitivity and pathogenicity in pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata. | a genomic library of pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata strain ncppb 2664, which causes bacterial blight of sugar beet, lettuce and other plants, was constructed in the cosmid vector pcpp31. the 13.4 kb ecori fragment of the cosmid phir11, containing the hrp (hypersensitive response and pathogenicity) gene cluster of the closely related bacterium pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae strain 61, was used as a probe to identify a homologous hrp gene cluster in p. syringae pv. aptata. thirty of 2500 cosmi ... | 1995 | 7771767 |
| cloning and expression analysis of sucrose-phosphate synthase from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). | a cdna clone encoding a sucrose-phosphate synthase from sugar beet (bvsps 1) has been isolated by screening a tap root-specific cdna library using a heterologous sps cdna from spinach. the 3635 bp sugar beet cdna codes for a 1045 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 118 kda. the deduced amino acid sequence of sugar beet sps shows homologies with sps from maize (71% identity) and spinach (77% identity). genomic southern blot analysis suggests that bvsps 1 is a low-copy-number ... | 1995 | 7770061 |
| identification of potential redox-sensitive cysteines in cytosolic forms of fructosebisphosphatase and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. | tertiary-structure modeling suggests the occurrence of disulfide bonds in the cytosolic form of fructose-bisphosphatase (ec 3.1.3.11) in spinach (spinacia oleracea l.), sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) and potato (solanum tuberosum l.). redox modulation could then control the amp sensitivity of fructosebisphosphatase in the cytosol, as suggested by the experiments of e. khayat et al. (1993, plant physiol. 101, 57-64). modeling also reveals two cysteine residues correctly positioned to form a disulfi ... | 1995 | 7767233 |
| chemical modification and amino acid sequence of active site in sugar beet alpha-glucosidase. | the modification of amino acid residues in sugar beet alpha-glucosidase with conduritol b epoxide (cbe), an affinity labeling reagent, inactivated the enzyme. the inactivation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. the enzyme was protected from inactivation by a competitive inhibitor, tris, and the partially inactivated enzymes showed only the decrease of v values and no change in km value. an 3h-cbe labeled peptide isolated from the digest of the inactivated enzyme with lys-c protease was sequen ... | 1995 | 7766184 |
| seco-glycosides of oleanolic acid from beta vulgaris. | two new oleanolic acid saponins were isolated from the leaves and roots of beta vulgaris. both contained the unusual feature of a 3,4 seco-glycopyranosyl moiety. their structures were established by a combination of 2d nmr experiments and of californium plasma desorption mass spectrometry. | 1994 | 7766003 |
| phenolics induced in beta vulgaris by rhizoctonia solani infection. | rhizoctonia solani inoculated sugarbeet roots produced the new beta-xyloside and beta-glucoside of 2'-hydroxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-5- methoxyisoflavone (betavulgarin) in response to infection. also formed were 6,7-methylenedioxy-5-methoxyflavone, 6,7-methylenedioxy-5-methoxydihydroflavonol and 3'-methoxy-4',5,7-trihydroxy-dihydroflavonol, not reported previously in beta vulgaris. | 1994 | 7765684 |
| microbial production of propionic acid and vitamin b12 using molasses or sugar. | with a cell concentration of 125 g dry biomass l-1 and a dilution rate of 0.1 h-1, propionibacterium acidipropionici produces 30 g propionic acid l-1 from sugar with a productivity of 3 g l-1 h-1. the yield of propionic acid is approx. 0.36-0.45 g propionic acid g-1 sucrose and is independent of the dilution rate and cell concentration. acetic acid is an unwanted by-product in the production of propionic acid. the concentration of acetic acid only increases slightly when the cell concentration i ... | 1994 | 7765100 |
| metabolic engineering of glycine betaine synthesis: plant betaine aldehyde dehydrogenases lacking typical transit peptides are targeted to tobacco chloroplasts where they confer betaine aldehyde resistance. | certain higher plants synthesize and accumulate glycine betaine, a compound with osmoprotectant properties. biosynthesis of glycine betaine proceeds via the pathway choline-->betaine aldehyde-->glycine betaine. plants such as tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l.) which do not accumulate glycine betaine lack the enzymes catalyzing both reactions. as a step towards engineering glycine betaine accumulation into a non-accumulator, spinach and sugar beet complementary-dna sequences encoding the second enzym ... | 1994 | 7764986 |
| molecular cloning, expression and structure of the endo-1,5-alpha-l-arabinase gene of aspergillus niger. | secretion of endo-1,5-alpha-l-arabinase a (abn a) by an aspergillus niger xylulose kinase mutant upon mycelium transfer to medium containing l-arabitol was immunochemically followed with time to monitor its induction profile. a cdna expression library was made from polya+ rna isolated from the induced mycelium. this library was immunochemically screened and one abn a specific clone emerged. the corresponding abna gene was isolated from an a. niger genomic library. upon southern blot analysis, a ... | 1993 | 7764386 |
| cloning of the aspergillus niger gene encoding alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase a. | using l-arabitol as an inducer, simple induction conditions were established that resulted in high-level expression of alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase a by an aspergillus niger d-xylulose kinase mutant strain. these conditions were adapted to construct a cdna expression library from which an alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase a cdna clone was isolated using specific antiserum. the corresponding gene encoding alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase a (abfa) was isolated from a genomic library and cloned into a high cop ... | 1993 | 7764056 |
| antibodies to the tonoplast from the storage parenchyma cells of beetroot recognize a major intrinsic protein related to tips. | a vacuole membrane (= tonoplast) subfraction was purified by sedimentation in a discontinuous sucrose gradient (0.6 m/0.3 m) from a crude vacuole fraction isolated from red beetroot storage cells. the vacuole membrane-enriched fraction was injected into the popliteal lymph nodes of rabbits to raise polyclonal antibodies. the resultant serum was tested by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy on cryosections of shoot meristem. antibodies specifically bound to the tonoplast but not the cytoplasm ... | 1995 | 7750515 |
| complete sequence of the citrus tristeza virus rna genome. | the sequence of the entire genome of citrus tristeza virus (ctv), florida isolate t36, was completed. the 19,296-nt ctv genome encodes 12 open reading frames (orfs) potentially coding for at least 17 protein products. the 5'-proximal orf 1a starts at nucleotide 108 and encodes a large polyprotein with calculated mw of 349 kda containing domains characteristic of (from 5' to 3') two papain-like proteases (p-pro), a methyltransferase (mt), and a helicase (hel). alignment of the putative p-pro sequ ... | 1995 | 7747424 |
| effect of substituting steam-flaked sorghum for concentrate on lactation and digestion in dairy cows. | thirty-five lactating cows (110 dim), allotted to five dietary treatments for 70 d, were fed 0, 15, 30, or 45% of dietary dm as steam-flaked sorghum grain (360 g/l) in place of equal amounts of a mixture (dm basis) of 40% steam-rolled corn, 13% rolled barley, 20% wheat mill run, and 27% ground beet pulp in four diets. thinly flaked sorghum grain (283 g/l) was also fed at 15% of dietary dm. the dmi tended to increase as flaked sorghum increased. yields of milk and milk protein and percentages of ... | 1995 | 7745156 |
| milk production and intake of lactating cows fed grass silage with protein and energy supplements. | primiparous (n = 8) and multiparous (n = 24) holstein cows averaging 591 kg of bw (se = 12) were allotted at 2 wk postpartum to eight blocks of 4 cows each on the basis of calving date and parity. cows were fed timothy silage for ad libitum intake. the experiment was carried out between wk 4 and 15 of lactation. cows within each block were assigned randomly to a concentrate containing soybean meal fed with corn, beet pulp, or a mixture of oats and barley (50: 50 on a dm basis) or fish meal fed w ... | 1995 | 7745155 |
| ruminal fermentation and digestion in lactating cows fed grass silage with protein and energy supplements. | four multiparous holstein cows were used in a 4 x 5 incomplete latin square design to study the effects of different dietary sources of energy and protein on digestion, ruminal fermentation, and degradability in cows fed high moisture grass silage. the five treatments were an all silage diet (control); silage and concentrate containing soybean meal fed with corn, beet pulp, or a mixture (50:50 on a dm basis) of oats and barley; and fish meal fed with beet pulp. concentrates were fed between .70 ... | 1995 | 7745154 |
| the chloroplast trnp-trnw-petg gene cluster in the mitochondrial genomes of beta vulgaris, b. trigyna and b. webbiana: evolutionary aspects. | the chloroplast trnp-trnw-petg gene cluster has been identified in the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of sugar beet (beta vulgaris). the chloroplast-derived trnw gene is transcribed in the mitochondria; the other two genes, however, do not seem to be transcribed. this gene cluster is also present in the mitochondrial genomes of two wild beta species, b. trigyna and b. webbiana. sugar beet and the two wild relatives share 100% sequence identity in the coding regions of both the mitochondrial trnp and ... | 1995 | 7736615 |
| beet fed as such or ensiled with maize and fresh potatoes in diets for finishing bulls. | the use of beet for beef production after ensiling together with maize was studied in two experiments involving 112 and 114 white-blue bulls. in the first experiment maize silage (i) was compared with mixed silage of maize and fodder beet (ii) or sugar beet (iii) (ratio: 2/1, dm-basis). in the second experiment maize silage (i) was compared with mixed silage of 0.67 maize and 0.33 sugar beet (ii) or maize silage and fresh sugar beet (ratio: 2/1, dm basis) (iii) or fresh sugar beet and potatoes a ... | 1994 | 7733816 |
| release of ca2+ from individual plant vacuoles by both insp3 and cyclic adp-ribose. | calcium mobilization from intracellular pools couples many stimuli to responses in plant cells. cyclic adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose (cadpr), which interacts with a ryanodine receptor in certain animal cells, was shown to elicit calcium release at the vacuolar membrane of beet storage root. the vacuolar calcium release pathway showed similarities to cadpr-gated calcium release in animal cells, including inhibition by ruthenium red, ryanodine activation, and high affinity for cadpr [michaelis cons ... | 1995 | 7732384 |
| plaque assay for spodoptera exigua and autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis viruses in a newly established cell line of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | the nuclear polyhedrosis viruses of spodoptera exigua (senpv) and autographa californica (acnpv) produced plaques in a newly established cell line of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. plaques were composed of infected cells containing many polyhedra and were visible without any staining procedure. dose-response assays showed a direct correlation between the number of plaques and the inoculum size. growth kinetic studies of the two viruses, using the developed plaque assay system, revealed th ... | 1994 | 7726004 |
| [expression in bacteria and some properties of p65, a homolog of cellular heat shock proteins hsp70 coded in the rna of the beet yellows virus genome]. | 1995 | 7719251 | |
| primary structure and sequence analysis of rna2 of a mechanically transmitted barley mild mosaic virus isolate: an evolutionary relationship between bymo- and furoviruses. | the rna2 nucleotide sequence of a mechanically transmitted isolate of barley mild mosaic virus (bammv) has been determined. a combination of northern blot and sequence analysis indicates that this rna2 lacks approximately 1000 nucleotides of its c-terminal protein (p2) gene, with respect to polymyxa graminis transmitted bammv. this is confirmed by sequence comparison with rna2 of a fungus transmitted bammv isolate, which reveals the presence of a single deletion located in the 3'-terminal part o ... | 1995 | 7710357 |
| papain-like proteinase of turnip yellow mosaic virus: a prototype of a new viral proteinase group. | sequence comparisons predicted a potential papain-like proteinase domain in the n-terminal cleavage product (nrp) of the large nonstructural replicase polyprotein (rp) of turnip yellow mosaic virus (tymv). replacement of the predicted catalytic amino acids, cys-783 by ser, or of his-869 by glu, abolished cleavage of the 206k rp into a approximately 150 k nrp and a approximately 78 k c-terminal product in reticulocyte lysates, while other substitutions exerted no apparent influence on proteolysis ... | 1995 | 7710355 |
| "rattlesnake" structure of a filamentous plant rna virus built of two capsid proteins. | elongated particles of simple rna viruses of plants are composed of an rna molecule coated with numerous identical capsid protein subunits to form a regular helical structure, of which tobacco mosaic virus is the archetype. filamentous particles of the closterovirus beet yellow virus (byv) reportedly contain approximately 4000 identical 22-kda (p22) capsid protein subunits. the byv genome encodes a 24-kda protein (p24) that is structurally related to the p22. we searched for the p24 in byv parti ... | 1995 | 7708667 |
| transcriptional analysis of the virion-sense genes of the geminivirus beet curly top virus. | the genome of the geminivirus beet curly top virus (bctv) consists of a single circular dna containing overlapping open reading frames (orfs) located on both the virion-sense and complementary-sense dna strands. to investigate the expression of these orfs, rna extracted from infected nicotiana benthamiana and beta vulgaris has been examined for the presence of viral transcripts. an abundant 1.1-kb virion-sense polyadenylated rna and four complementary-sense polyadenylated rnas of 1.7, 1.5, 1.3, ... | 1993 | 7692668 |
| differential response to frameshift signals in eukaryotic and prokaryotic translational systems. | the genomic rna of beet western yellows virus (bwyv) contains a potential translational frameshift signal in the overlap region of open reading frames orf2 and orf3. the signal, composed of a heptanucleotide slippery sequence and a downstream pseudoknot, is similar in appearance to those identified in retroviral rnas. we have examined whether the proposed bwyv signal functions in frameshifting in three translational systems, i.c. in vitro in a reticulocyte lysate or a wheat germ extract and in v ... | 1993 | 7680118 |
| [dry matter and nutrient degradability of foodstuffs after incubation in the rumen (nylon bag technique)]. | the digestion of dry matter and nutrients of wheat/barley, maize, potatoes, dried sugar beet chips dried sugar beet pulp and barley straw were studied by means of the nylon bag method on two steers with fistulated rumens. compared with that of the other feedstuffs with a high starch content, the disappearance of maize was significantly lower in terms of dry matter (20%), starch (38%) and crude protein (23%). in the case of cereals, dry matter degradability correlated closely with the disappearan ... | 1994 | 7668979 |
| [food conversion in the digestive system of juvenile bulls. 3. rumen liquor investigations]. | two bulls with a permanent rumen fistula and a re-entrant cannula at the duodenum were fed various concentrates and straw (dry matter ration composition: 60% concentrate, 40% straw). negative correlations were found between the ph value and total fatty acid concentration (r = -0.70). the animals were given the straw one hour before the concentrate. the ph value increased to not more than 7.3 one hour after they had received the straw. it did not drop below 6.4 after the concentrate with any of t ... | 1994 | 7668978 |
| [food conversion in the digestive system of juvenile bulls. 1. conversion of protein and amino acids]. | fistulated bulls (duodenal bridge fistulas) received 10 rations containing 60% concentrate and combinations of carbohydrates from various sources to investigate the protein and amino acid flux in the digestive tract. with a constant crude protein concentration of 12-13% in the rations (adjusted by adding urea), an average of 85 +/- 8% of the crude protein ingested with the feed were found in the duodenum. the highest values were measured for rations containing wheat/dried sugar beet chips (97% a ... | 1994 | 7668969 |