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[etiology and epidemic characteristics of hospital acquired pneumonia in children].to investigate the etiology and epidemic characteristics of hospital acquired pneumonia (hap) in children.201021055271
persistence of rhinovirus rna and ip-10 gene expression after acute asthma.viral nucleic acid may be detected for up to 6 months after an acute asthma deterioration, but the pattern and consequences of viral persistence after acute asthma are incompletely understood. this study investigates the frequency of viral persistence after acute asthma, assesses viral infectivity and determines the host inflammatory responses to viral persistence.201121054674
conserved cysteine residues within the attachment g glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus play a critical role in the enhancement of cytotoxic t-lymphocyte responses.the cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) response plays an important role in the control of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) replication and the establishment of a th1-cd4+ t cell response against the virus. despite lacking major histocompatibility complex i (mhc i)-restricted epitopes, the attachment g glycoprotein of rsv enhances ctl activity toward other rsv antigens, and this effect depends on its conserved central region. here, we report that rsv-g can also improve ctl activity toward antigens fro ...201021053062
evaluation of commercial resplex ii v2.0, multicode-plx, and xtag respiratory viral panels for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infections in adults.commercial multiplex pcr panels for respiratory viruses (prv) have been recently developed. resplex ii panel v2.0 (qiagen), multicode-plx (eragen biosciences), and xtag (luminex) prv's were studied. all assays detect influenza a and b, adenovirus, parainfluenza 1-3, respiratory syncytial virus a and b, human metapneumovirus and human rhinovirus. the resplex ii additionally detects coronavirus (229e, oc43, nl63, hku1), coxsackie/echo virus, bocavirus and differentiates adenoviruses (b, e). the mu ...201021050809
a high-throughput screening strategy to overcome virus instability.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a widely distributed pathogen that causes severe disease in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. both vaccine development and drug discovery have been hampered by the inherent instability of the virus itself. drug discovery efforts have had limited success due, at least in part, to the lack of an antiviral assay robust enough for high-throughput screening. instability of the purified virus has long been recognized as a problem in rsv rese ...201021050067
outcome after bronchiolitis depends on disease definition. 201021047864
bordetella pertussis infection is common in nonvaccinated infants admitted for bronchiolitis.preliminary evidence suggests that viral-pertussis coinfections are common in nonvaccinated infants.201021046700
predicting the start week of respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks using real time weather variables.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a major cause of bronchiolitis, has a large impact on the census of pediatric hospitals during outbreak seasons. reliable prediction of the week these outbreaks will start, based on readily available data, could help pediatric hospitals better prepare for large outbreaks.201021044325
epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in children ≤2 years of age hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections in the russian federation: a prospective, multicenter study.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections among infants and young children, and is responsible for an estimated four million deaths per year globally. a monthly injection of palivizumab has been used for prophylaxis of serious rsv infections among high-risk children in 71 countries since 1998 and approval for use in the russian federation was obtained in february 2010. a recommendation for rsv prophylaxis in the russian federation would r ...201021042555
investigation of the influence of eps® 7630, a herbal drug preparation from pelargonium sidoides, on replication of a broad panel of respiratory viruses.the pelargonium sidoides extract eps® 7630 is an approved drug for the treatment of acute bronchitis in germany. the postulated mechanisms underlying beneficial effects of eps® 7630 in bronchitis patients include immunomodulatory and cytoprotective effects, inhibition of interaction between bacteria and host cells, and increase of cilliary beat frequency on respiratory cells. here, we investigated the influence of eps® 7630 on replication of a panel of respiratory viruses. determination of virus ...201021036571
the role of cytokines and chemokines in severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and subsequent asthma.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the primary cause of serious lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children worldwide. the mechanism is largely unknown. rsv stimulates airway epithelial cells and resident leukocytes to release cytokines. cytokines and chemokines involved in host response to rsv infection are thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis. in addition, rsv infection early in life has been associated with the development of asthma in later childhood. it is ...201021035355
a community health concern: respiratory syncytial virus and children.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant health issue. nearly all children contract rsv by 3 years of age. this virus causes mild cold-like symptoms in older children and adults. however, in infants and toddlers, it causes serious lower respiratory tract infections. recovery from rsv can be lengthy, and caring for an unwell child can become a burden for a family. prevention plans for those children that are at highest risk have been helpful in reducing the incidence of rsv. the america ...201021035019
comparison of commercial systems for extraction of nucleic acids from dna/rna respiratory pathogens.this study compared six automated nucleic acid extraction systems and one manual kit for their ability to recover nucleic acids from human nasal wash specimens spiked with five respiratory pathogens, representing gram-positive bacteria (streptococcus pyogenes), gram-negative bacteria (legionella pneumophila), dna viruses (adenovirus), segmented rna viruses (human influenza virus a), and non-segmented rna viruses (respiratory syncytial virus). the robots and kit evaluated represent major commerci ...201021034773
influenza a infection in young infants.objective to determine the clinical characteristics of infants ≤2 months old hospitalised with influenza a. study design the study was a retrospective analysis of infants ≤2 months old hospitalised with fever, respiratory distress and/or sepsis. clinical signs, laboratory values, hospital duration and outcome were compared between children with influenza a and other viruses. results the charts of 268 infants were reviewed. 29 (11%) children had laboratory-confirmed influenza a infection. unique ...201021030378
respiratory syncytial virus infections in the adult asthmatic--mechanisms of host susceptibility and viral subversion.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a single-stranded rna virus of the paramyxoviridae family, is a major cause of bronchiolitis in infants and is also conjectured to be an early-life influence on the development of asthma. although the data supporting a role for rsv in bronchiolitis in children are robust and evidence to support its role in juvenile asthmatics exists, rsv's role in asthma pathogenesis in adults is not as clearly defined. the authors review the literature to further elucidate rsv ...201021029936
the role of respiratory virus infections in childhood asthma inception.viral respiratory illnesses associated with wheezing are extremely common during early life and remain a frequent cause of morbidity and hospitalization in young children. although many children who wheeze with respiratory viruses during infancy outgrow the problem, most children with asthma and reductions in lung function at school age begin wheezing during the first several years of life. whether symptomatic viral infections of the lower respiratory tract are causal in asthma development or si ...201021029935
the infectious march: the complex interaction between microbes and the immune system in asthma.there has been significant progress in our knowledge about the relationship between infectious disease and the immune system in relation to asthma, but many unanswered questions still remain. respiratory tract infections such as those caused by respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus during the first 2 years of life are still clearly associated with later wheezing and asthma, but the mechanism has not been completely worked out. is there an "infectious march" triggered by infection in infancy ...201021029932
the relationship between respiratory viral loads and diagnosis in children presenting to a pediatric hospital emergency department.respiratory viral infections account for a considerable proportion of pediatric emergency room visits. illnesses range in severity from mild upper respiratory tract infections to serious lower respiratory tract infections (lrti). the relationship between viral load and specific viruses to clinical diagnosis made by physicians in this setting is poorly understood.201120980931
assembly and immunological properties of newcastle disease virus-like particles containing the respiratory syncytial virus f and g proteins.human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a serious respiratory pathogen in infants and young children as well as elderly and immunocompromised populations. however, no rsv vaccines are available. we have explored the potential of virus-like particles (vlps) as an rsv vaccine candidate. vlps composed entirely of rsv proteins were produced at levels inadequate for their preparation as immunogens. however, vlps composed of the newcastle disease virus (ndv) nucleocapsid and membrane proteins and c ...201020980510
circulating antibody-secreting cells during acute respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults.the specificity and duration of circulating human antibody-secreting cells (ascs) after vaccination have been well described, but characteristics of ascs during acute respiratory infections have not been well studied.201020979459
respiratory syncytial virus and asthma: still no final answer. 201020978023
allergic sensitization is associated with rhinovirus-, but not other virus-, induced wheezing in children.data on the link between atopy and viral wheeze are limited. aim: to evaluate the association between ige sensitization and viral infection in wheezing children.201020977499
effects of respiratory syncytial virus infection and major basic protein derived from eosinophils in pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (a549).rsv (respiratory syncytial virus)-induced pneumonia and bronchiolitis may be associated with hyperresponsive conditions, including asthma. eosinophilic proteins such as mbp (major basic protein) may also be associated with the pathophysiology of asthma. to elucidate the roles of rsv infection and mbp in the pathogenesis of pneumonia with hyperresponsiveness, we investigated the effects of rsv infection and mbp on a549 (alveolar epithelial) cells. cpe (cytopathic effects) in a549 cells were obser ...201120977431
[rnai-based medicine]. 201020976936
unusual viral ligand with alternative interactions is presented by hla-cw4 in human respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells.short viral antigens bound to human major histocompatibility complex (hla) class i molecules are presented on infected cells. vaccine development frequently relies on synthetic peptides to identify optimal hla class i ligands. however, when natural peptides are analyzed, more complex mixtures are found. by immunoproteomics analysis, we identify in this study a physiologically processed hla ligand derived from the human respiratory syncytial virus matrix protein that is very different from what w ...201020975736
surface display of respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins in lactococcus lactis nz9000.a system for displaying heterologous respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) glycoproteins on the surface of lactococcus lactis nz9000 was developed.201020973806
interleukin-6⁻¹⁷⁴ and tumor necrosis factor α⁻³⁰⁸ polymorphisms enhance cytokine production by human macrophages exposed to respiratory viruses.interleukin-6⁻¹⁷⁴ (il-6⁻¹⁷⁴) and tumor necrosis factor α⁻³⁰⁸ (tnfα⁻³⁰⁸) are high-cytokine-producing genotypes that are known to increase the susceptibility to infectious diseases, but their influence on cytokine production induced by respiratory viruses is unknown. we exposed human monocyte-derived macrophages from il-6⁻¹⁷⁴, tnfα⁻³⁰⁸, and normal genotype donors to different respiratory viruses. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) stimulation was associated with higher il-6 concentrations in il-6⁻¹ ...201020973681
serum antibodies critically affect virus-specific cd4+/cd8+ t cell balance during respiratory syncytial virus infections.following infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), reinfection in healthy individuals is common and presumably due to ineffective memory t cell responses. in peripheral blood of healthy adults, a higher cd4(+)/cd8(+) memory t cell ratio was observed compared with the ratio of virus-specific effector cd4(+)/cd8(+) t cells that we had found in earlier work during primary rsv infections. in mice, we show that an enhanced ratio of rsv-specific neutralizing to nonneutralizing abs profoundly ...201020971927
respiratory syncytial virus infection in human bone marrow stromal cells.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common respiratory pathogen in infants and young children. the pathophysiology of this infection in the respiratory system has been studied extensively, but little is known about its consequences in other systems. we studied whether rsv infects human bone marrow stromal cells (bmsc) in vitro and in vivo, and investigated whether and how this infection affects bmsc structure and hematopoietic support function. primary human bmsc were infected in vitro ...201020971883
a fluorescence polarization assay using an engineered human respiratory syncytial virus f protein as a direct screening platform.human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) typically affects newborns and young children. even though it can cause severe and, in some cases, lifelong respiratory infections, there are currently no food and drug administration (fda)-approved therapeutics that control this virus. the hrsv f protein facilitates viral fusion, a critical extracellular event that can be targeted for therapeutic intervention by disrupting the assembly of a postfusion 6-helix bundle (6hb) within the hrsv f protein. here ...201020971054
altered cardiac rhythm in infants with bronchiolitis and respiratory syncytial virus infection.although the most frequent extra-pulmonary manifestations of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection involve the cardiovascular system, no data regarding heart function in infants with bronchiolitis associated with rsv infection have yet been systematically collected. the aim of this study was to verify the real frequency of heart involvement in patients with bronchiolitis associated with rsv infection, and whether infants with mild or moderate disease also risk heart malfunction.201020969802
two novel fusion inhibitors of human respiratory syncytial virus.to search for novel drugs against human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), we have screened a diversity collection of 16,671 compounds for anti-rsv activity in cultures of hep-2 cells. two of the hit compounds, i.e., the n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-methoxy-n-methyl-3-(6-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (designated as p13) and the 1,4-bis(3-methyl-4-pyridinyl)-1,4-diazepane (designated as c15), reduced the virus infectivity with ic₅₀ values of 0.11 and 0.13μm respectively. ...201020965215
pattern recognition receptors and genetic risk for rsv infection: value for clinical decision-making?respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes respiratory tract infections, especially among young infants. practically, all infants are infected during epidemics and the clinical presentation ranges from subclinical to fatal infection. known risk factors for severe rsv infection include prematurity, age of <2 months, underlying chronic lung or heart diseases, serious neurological or metabolic disorders, immune deficiency (especially a disorder of cellular immunity), crowded living conditions, and in ...201020963841
early wheeze reduces lung function: or is it viral infection? 201020963835
the clinical spectrum of patients with deficiency of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1.stat-1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-1) is a key signaling component of interferon gamma responses. we present long-term manifestations in siblings with a mutation in the stat1 gene, which include invasive salmonellosis, recurrent severe respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis, and hepatosplenic mycobacterial disease, and we summarize all other reported cases with stat-1 deficiency.201120962705
ikkε modulates rsv-induced nf-κb-dependent gene transcription.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a negative-strand rna virus, is the most common cause of epidemic respiratory disease in infants and young children. rsv infection of airway epithelial cells induces the expression of immune/inflammatory genes through the activation of a subset of transcription factors, including nuclear factor-κb (nf-κb). in this study we have investigated the role of the non canonical iκb kinase (ikk)ε in modulating rsv-induced nf-κb activation. our results show that inhibiti ...201020961594
age related changes in t cell mediated immune response and effector memory to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in healthy subjects.abstract: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major pathogen causing respiratory disease in young infants and it is an important cause of serious illness in the elderly since the infection provides limited immune protection against reinfection. in order to explain this phenomenon, we investigated whether healthy adults of different age (20-40; 41-60 and > 60 years), have differences in central and effector memory, rsv-specific cd8+ t cell memory immune response and regulatory t cell express ...201020961416
meta-analysis of passive immunoprophylaxis in paediatric patients at risk of severe rsv infection.to review respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), passive immunoprophylaxis (pi) trials and meta-analysis (ma).201020950412
decreased toll-like receptor 8 expression and lower tnf-α synthesis in infants with acute rsv infection.toll-like receptors (tlrs) are part of the innate immune system, able to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns and activate immune system upon pathogen challenge. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a rna virus particularly detrimental in infancy. it could cause severe lower respiratory tract disease and recurrent infections related to inadequate development of anti-viral immunity. the reason could be inadequate multiple tlrs engagement, including tlr8 in recognition of single-strand ...201020946625
rebuttal: palivizumab for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection. 201020944037
evaluation of a synthetic peptide as a replacement for the recombinant fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus in a potency elisa.this report describes the development of a potency elisa using a peptide derived from the motavizumab binding epitope of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f-protein. motavizumab is an antibody therapeutic studied for the prevention of rsv disease. it binds to the rsv glycoprotein f (f-protein), blocking the ability of rsv to fuse with target cells. this binding is the basis for a potency elisa, however, due to inefficient f-protein production, development of an alternative ligand for the potency ...201020943340
[respiratory syncytial virus]. 201020942089
respiratory syncytial virus is associated with an inflammatory response in lungs and architectural remodeling of lung-draining lymph nodes of newborn lambs.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children worldwide. the understanding of neonatal rsv pathogenesis depends on using an animal model that reproduces neonatal rsv disease. previous studies from us and others demonstrated that the neonatal lamb model resembles human neonatal rsv infection. here, we provide an extensive and detailed characterization of the histopathology, viral load, cellular infiltration, and cytokine production in lung ...201020935230
coupled nucleotide and mucin hypersecretion from goblet cell metaplastic human airway epithelium.adenosine triphosphate (atp) and its metabolite adenosine regulate airway mucociliary clearance via activation of purinoceptors. in this study, we investigated the contribution of goblet cells to airway epithelial atp release. primary human bronchial epithelial (hbe) cultures, typically dominated by ciliated cells, were induced to develop goblet cell metaplasia by infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) or treatment with interleukin-13 (il-13). under resting conditions, goblet cell meta ...201020935191
transforming growth factor beta is a major regulator of human neonatal immune responses following respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. previous studies have suggested that t-cell responses may contribute to rsv immunopathology, which could be driven by dendritic cells (dcs). dcs are productively infected by rsv, and during rsv infections, there is an increase of dcs in the lungs with a decrease in the blood. pediatric populations are particularly susceptible to severe rsv infections; however, dc responses to rsv from pediatric populations have not be ...201020926560
the use of antimicrobial agents after diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections in hospitalized adults: antibiotics or anxiolytics?because extensive antibiotic use by inpatients has been associated with the development of multidrug-resistant organisms, we aimed to determine which variables were associated with the use of antibiotics after viral respiratory tract infection diagnosis among adult patients admitted to the hospital with respiratory symptoms.201020923284
genetic susceptibility to the delayed sequelae of neonatal respiratory syncytial virus infection is mhc dependent.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory morbidity, resulting in hospitalization for bronchiolitis in some infected infants that is associated with wheeze in later life. genetic factors are known to affect the severity of the sequelae after rsv infection, but the complexity of the temporal and genetic effects makes it difficult to analyze this response in studies in man. therefore, we developed a murine genetic model to analyze the sequelae occurring after rsv infection ...201020921522
recurrent wheezing in the third year of life among children born at 32 weeks' gestation or later: relationship to laboratory-confirmed, medically attended infection with respiratory syncytial virus during the first year of life.to quantify the relationship between recurrent wheezing (rw) in the third year of life and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, prematurity, and neonatal oxygen exposure.201020921348
human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv 3) viral community-acquired pneumonia (cap) mimicking swine influenza (h1n1) during the swine flu pandemic.the swine influenza (h1n1) pandemic began in mexico in 2009 and quickly spread worldwide. during the h1n1 pandemic, many patients were admitted to the winthrop-university hospital with influenza-like illnesses (ilis). many hospitalized adults had h1n1 pneumonia diagnosed by laboratory or clinical criteria. however, the laboratory diagnosis of h1n1 was problematic. the rapid influenza (quickvue a/b [quidel, san diego, ca]) test frequently showed false-negative results. reverse transcriptase-polym ...201120888645
human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv 3) community-acquired pneumonia (cap) mimicking pertussis in an adult: the diagnostic importance of hoarseness and monocytosis.background: there are relatively few causes of acute community-acquired pneumonias (caps) in adults associated with prolonged cough. in adults the most common acute caps with a prominent and persistent nonproductive cough are due to mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydophilia (chlamydia) pneumoniae, or bordetella pertussis (pertussis). pertussis is an underrecognized and underappreciated cause of cap in adults. different from classic pertussis in children, pertussis in adults presents with prolonged d ...201020888644
prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children, with significant numbers of premature infants and those with other risk factors requiring hospitalization in canada each year. palivizumab, an rsv-specific monoclonal antibody, can reduce the hospitalization rate and severity of illness for a small group of high-risk or premature infants during their first rsv season. the present statement reviews the published literature and ...200920885804
structure of a major antigenic site on the respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein in complex with neutralizing antibody 101f.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and elderly people. currently there is no effective vaccine against rsv, but passive prophylaxis with neutralizing antibodies reduces hospitalizations. to investigate the mechanism of antibody-mediated rsv neutralization, we undertook structure-function studies of monoclonal antibody 101f, which binds a linear epitope in the rsv fusion glycoprotein. crystal structures of the 101f antigen-binding fragment ...201020881049
molecular detection of respiratory viruses in clinical specimens from children with acute respiratory disease in iran.viruses are the most common causes of respiratory tract infections in children. the implementation of rapid virology assays can identify the most common pathogens involved. this study was undertaken on iranian children less than 6 years old with respiratory infection.201020879092
how innate immune mechanisms contribute to antibody-enhanced viral infections.preexisting antibodies may enhance viral infections. in dengue, nonneutralizing antibodies raised by natural infection with one of four dengue viruses (denvs) may enhance infection with a different virus by a process we term "intrinsic antibody-dependent enhancement" (iade). in addition, nonprotective antibodies raised by formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and measles virus vaccines have led to enhanced disease during breakthrough infections. infections under iade conditions ...201020876821
immunohistochemical assessment of respiratory viruses in necropsy samples from lethal non-pandemic seasonal respiratory infections.acute respiratory infections are an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality throughout the world, and viruses have often been reported to be an aetiological agent. this study aimed to identify respiratory viruses in paraffin-embedded samples of paediatric lung necropsy specimens, using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarray slides.201020876328
therapeutic targeting of respiratory syncytial virus g-protein.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and young children and an important pathogen of the elderly and immune suppressed. the only intervention currently available is a monoclonal antibody against the rsv fusion protein, which has shown utility as a prophylactic for high-risk premature infants, but which has not shown postinfection therapeutic efficacy in the specific rsv-infected populations studied. thus, for the major susceptible populat ...201020874649
nationwide survey of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection in children who do not meet indications for palivizumab in japan.in japan, palivizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody specific for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), has been available since 2002. however, its use is limited to children at risk of severe rsv infection, with specific criteria that have been validated in large-scale clinical studies. the pharmaceutical committee of the japan pediatric society established a committee to conduct a nationwide questionnaire survey to determine which diseases place children at risk of severe rsv infection and requ ...201020872156
etiological agents of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients in turkey; a multicentric, cross-sectional study.this cross-sectional study was intended to investigate the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in adult patients receiving no prior antibiotic therapy. etiological agents were identified in 137 (62.8%) of 218 patients, the most frequent being streptococcus pneumoniae (14.7%), mycoplasma pneumoniae (13.8%) and respiratory syncytial virus (10.1%). a single pathogen was detected in 50.9% of cases and mixed pathogens in 11.9%. typical pathogens were determined in 35.8% of cases, atypical ...201020865563
noninvasive monitoring of respiratory viruses in wild chimpanzees.to diagnose respiratory disease among wild great apes, there is a need for noninvasive diagnostic methods. therefore, we analyzed fecal samples from habituated chimpanzees from taï national park, côte d'ivoire. samples had been collected during four distinct outbreaks: two with known aetiology (march 2004 and february 2006) and two with unknown aetiology (october 2004 and august 2005). fecal samples were screened by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the presence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) ...201020865440
creola bodies in infancy with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis predict the development of asthma.creola bodies (crbs) in the sputum are an indicator of respiratory epithelial damage and appear specifically in bronchial asthma. we studied the presence and clinical significance of crbs in infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis contributing to the development of asthma.201020864800
a protein transduction domain located at the nh2-terminus of human translationally controlled tumor protein for delivery of active molecules to cells.protein transduction domains (ptds) are small peptides, able to penetrate biological membranes and deliver various types of cargo both in vitro and in vivo. because use of ptds originating from viral origins resulted in undesired effects, ptds originating from non-viral origins are needed. here, we report that a 10-amino acid peptide (miiyrdlish) derived from the nh(2)-terminus of human translationally controlled tumor protein (tctp) functions as a ptd. this peptide was internalized through lipi ...201020863558
effect of th1/th2 cytokine pretreatment on rsv-induced gene expression in airway epithelial cells.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infants with th2 predisposition is thought to increase the risk of allergic sensitization, recurrent wheezing, and bronchial asthma during childhood. we attempted to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which th1/th2 predisposition in the host alters rsv infection and facilitates airway inflammation.201120861640
single and multiple viral infections in lower respiratory tract infection.lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) often leads to hospitalization, and it was indicated that causative viral infections are underestimated.201020861611
immunomodulation with il-4r alpha antisense oligonucleotide prevents respiratory syncytial virus-mediated pulmonary disease.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant morbidity and mortality in infants worldwide. severe rsv infections in infants cause bronchiolitis, wheeze, and/or cough and significantly increase the risk for developing asthma. rsv pathogenesis is thought to be due to a th2-type immune response initiated in response to rsv infection, specifically in the infant. using a neonatal mouse system as an appropriate model for human infants, we sought to determine whether local inhibition of il-4rα ...201020861354
use of a highly sensitive strand-specific quantitative pcr to identify abortive replication in the mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus disease.the balb/c mouse is commonly used to study rsv infection and disease. however, despite the many advantages of this well-characterised model, the inoculum is large, viral replication is restricted and only a very small amount of virus can be recovered from infected animals. a key question in this model is the fate of the administered virus. is replication really being measured or is the model measuring the survival of the virus over time? to answer these questions we developed a highly sensitive ...201020860795
coinfection with ebv/cmv and other respiratory agents in children with suspected infectious mononucleosis.numerous studies have shown that epstein-barr virus (ebv) and cytomegalovirus (cmv) can infect immunocompetent patients simultaneously with other agents. nonetheless, multiple infections with other agents in ebv/cmv-infected children have received little attention. we conducted a retrospective study of children with suspected infectious mononucleosis. peripheral blood samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence to detect ebv, cmv and other respiratory agents including respiratory syncyt ...201020858235
nk cell deficiency predisposes to viral-induced th2-type allergic inflammation via epithelial-derived il-25.severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has long been associated with an increased risk for the development of childhood asthma and exacerbations of this disorder. despite much research into the induction of th2 responses by allergens and helminths, the factors associated with viral infection that predispose to th2-regulated asthma remain unknown. recently, clinical studies have shown reduced numbers of nk cells in infants suffering from a severe rsv infection. here we demonstrate tha ...201020855881
molecular monitoring of causative viruses in child acute respiratory infection in endemo-epidemic situations in shanghai.numerous viruses are responsible for respiratory infections; however, both their distribution and genetic diversity, in a limited area and a population subgroup, have been studied only rarely during a sustained period of time.201020855230
a survey of pediatric ward hospitalization due to respiratory syncytial virus infection after the introduction of palivizumab to high risk infants in japan.background: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major cause of hospitalization during a winter season among infants and young children. in 2002 palivizumab was introduced to high risk infants for rsv hospitalization in japan. thus, it is important to characterize the hospitalized children due to rsv infection after the introduction of palivizumab. method: a survey was conducted to collect the data from the hospitalized children at 12 participate hospitals during the winter season in ...201020854284
rna interference therapy in lung transplant patients infected with respiratory syncytial virus.lower respiratory tract infections due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are associated with development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in lung transplant (ltx) recipients. aln-rsv01 is a small interfering rna targeting rsv replication.201120851929
[activation of tlr3 pathway in the pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome induced by respiratory syncytial virus in rat model].to explore the activation of toll-like receptor 3 (tlr3) pathway on the process of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induced nephropathy.201020848777
[high body temperature in childhood]. 200920845883
respiratory syncytial virus induces host rna stress granules to facilitate viral replication.mammalian cell cytoplasmic rna stress granules are induced during various conditions of stress and are strongly associated with regulation of host mrna translation. several viruses induce stress granules during the course of infection, but the exact function of these structures during virus replication is not well understood. in this study, we showed that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induced host stress granules in epithelial cells during the course of infection. we also showed that stress ...201020844027
temporal association of streptococcus, staphylococcus, and parainfluenza pediatric hospitalizations and hospitalized cases of henoch-schönlein purpura.to determine if hospitalizations for specific infectious exposures are associated with hospital admissions for henoch-schönlein purpura (hsp).201020843903
respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) rna loads in peripheral blood correlates with disease severity in mice.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is usually restricted to the respiratory epithelium. few studies have documented the presence of rsv in the systemic circulation, however there is no consistent information whether virus detection in the blood correlates with disease severity.201020843364
molecular characterization of adenoviruses from children presenting with acute respiratory disease in uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil, and detection of an isolate genetically related to feline adenovirus.human adenoviruses (hadv) are a major cause of acute respiratory diseases (ard), gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis and urinary infections. between november 2000-april 2007, a total of 468 nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected from children with ard at the clinics hospital of uberlândia. these samples were tested by immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and 3% (14/468) tested positive for the presence of hadv. by performing polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect hadv dna in samples that tested ...201020835622
responses against a subdominant cd8+ t cell epitope protect against immunopathology caused by a dominant epitope.cd8(+) t cell responses are critical for the control of virus infections. following infection, epitope-specific responses establish an unpredictable but reproducible pattern of dominance that is dictated by a large number of both positive and negative factors. immunodomination, or diminution of subdominant epitope-specific responses by dominant epitopes, can play a substantial role in the establishment of epitope hierarchy. to determine the role of a dominant (k(d)m2(82-90)) and a subdominant (d ...201020833834
childhood mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus. 201020833299
real-time detection of influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus a and b in respiratory specimens by use of nanoparticle probes.seasonal epidemics of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. infrequently, novel or reemergent strains of influenza a virus have caused rapid, severe global pandemics resulting in millions of fatalities. the ability to efficiently and accurately detect and differentiate respiratory viruses is paramount for effective treatment, infection control, and epidemiological surveillance. we evaluated the ability of two fda-cleared nucl ...201020826644
predictors of respiratory failure among previously healthy children with respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related disease is the leading cause of hospitalization among infants, with approximately 7% to 21% of these patients developing acute respiratory failure.201120825782
central apnoeas in infants with bronchiolitis admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit.to further characterize apnoea(s) complicating bronchiolitis because of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), to describe the incidence of this complication and identify possible risk factors for apnoea(s) and its development.201120825601
withdrawn: immunoglobulin treatment for respiratory syncytial virus infection.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and pneumonia hospitalise hundreds of thousands of infants every year. treatment is largely supportive therapy, (for example, oxygen, fluids and occasionally mechanical ventilation). ribavirin, an antiviral agent, is licensed for severe rsv infection, although systematic reviews find it of no benefit. passive protection against rsv can be achieved through monthly intramuscular injections of the humanised monoclonal anti-rsv antibody palivizumab (sy ...201020824840
pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics of a respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitor in the cotton rat model.human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants, young children, elderly persons, and severely immunocompromised patients. effective postinfection treatments are not widely available, and currently there is no approved vaccine. tmc353121 is a potent rsv fusion inhibitor in vitro, and its ability to reduce viral loads in vivo was demonstrated in cotton rats following prophylactic intravenous administration. here, the pharmacokinetics of tm ...201020823290
glycosylation is not necessary for recognition of the fusion glycoprotein domain of the human respiratory syncytial virus by a polyclonal antibody.human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a leading pathogen causing lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children worldwide. in line with the development of an effective vaccine against hrsv, a domain of the fusion (f) glycoprotein of hrsv was produced and its immunogenicity and antigenic properties, namely the effect of deficient glycosylation was examined. a his-tagged recombinant f (rf) protein was expressed in escherichia coli, solubilized with 8 mol/l urea, purified by ...201020822310
burden on uk secondary care of rotavirus disease and seasonal infections in children.rotavirus is a common infection affecting children under 5 years, which leads to a significant disease burden. this burden is potentially exacerbated by the seasonality of rotavirus, particularly in the context of the seasonality of other common childhood infections. the primary study objective was to describe the pattern and burden of seasonal infections amongst children under 5 years of age with particular attention placed on rotavirus and other gastrointestinal infections.201020818925
pandemic influenza a(h1n1) 2009 and respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations.to determine the contribution of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) as the cause of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) associated hospitalizations during the first year of the influenza a(h1n1) 2009 pandemic and to assess the severity of illness during the second pandemic wave.201020816695
neonates investigated for influenza-like illness during the outbreak of pandemic h1n1 2009: trivial infections but major triage implications.we report eight cases of neonates (from birth to 25 days) admitted to the neonatal service of a teaching hospital with influenza-like illness during the outbreak of pandemic h1n1 2009, and discuss their management and infection control issues. empirical antibiotics were often promptly initiated and timely stopped when sepsis was ruled out. also, there was no pandemic h1n1-09 but influenza a (h3n2, n = 1), parainfluenza (type 3, n = 3) and respiratory syncytial virus (n = 1) have been isolated. t ...201020814838
respiratory syncytial virus infection and risk of acute myocardial infarction.increasing evidences have shown that pathogens may promote atherosclerosis and trigger acute myocardial infarction (ami). there is no report on the association between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and ami. the case-control study was used to assess the association of previous rsv infection and acute myocardial infarction.201020811272
human respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute respiratory tract infections in china.there are limited data on the prevalence and clinical and molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) in children with acute respiratory tract infections (artis) in china. from december 2006 to march 2009, 894 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) were collected from children under 14 years of age with artis. samples were screened for hrsv and genotyped by reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) and sequencing. demographic and clinical information was recorded. a total of 38.14% ...201020810776
severe pneumonia among kenyan infants and children. 201020810372
severe pneumonia among kenyan infants and children. 201020810371
the synthetic bacterial lipopeptide pam3csk4 modulates respiratory syncytial virus infection independent of tlr activation.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of acute respiratory disease in infants, immunocompromised subjects and the elderly. however, it is unclear why most primary rsv infections are associated with relatively mild symptoms, whereas some result in severe lower respiratory tract infections and bronchiolitis. since rsv hospitalization has been associated with respiratory bacterial co-infections, we have tested if bacterial toll-like receptor (tlr) agonists influence rsv-a2-gfp inf ...201020808895
etiology and epidemiology of viral pneumonia among hospitalized children in rural mozambique: a malaria endemic area with high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus.the role of viruses in pediatric pneumonia remains poorly studied in sub-saharan africa, where pneumonia-associated mortality is high.201120805786
inefficient lymph node sensitization during respiratory viral infection promotes il-17-mediated lung pathology.development of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue has been suggested to enhance local antiviral immune responses; however, ectopic lymph node formation often corresponds to chronic inflammatory diseases. these studies investigated the role of ectopic pulmonary lymph nodes upon respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection using ccr7-deficient mice, which develop bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue early in life. ccr7(-/-) mice exhibited impaired secondary lymph node formation, enhanced effector t ...201020805422
treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection in adult patients with hematologic malignancies based on an institution-specific guideline.a total of 26 adults with hematologic malignancies and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplant were treated for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection based on an institutional guideline. thirteen patients received aerosolized ribavirin, and 13 received aerosolized ribavirin and intravenous palivizumab. two deaths, not attributed to rsv infection, occurred within 90 days of diagnosis.201120804534
respiratory morbidity in adulthood after respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization in infancy.a prospective >25-year follow-up study evaluated the outcome of patients hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection at <24 months of age. questionnaires were sent to 51 study subjects and to population controls. self-reported asthma was present in 30% of the former rsv patients, compared with 3.8% of controls. in adjusted analyses, rsv hospitalization was an independent risk factor of adulthood asthma.201020803817
[infections with respiratory syncytial virus in north lebanon--prevalence during winter 2008].between 1 december 2007 and 31 may 2008, we analysed 120 nasopharyngeal swabs for the presence respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in 120 children aged 15 days to 6 years, hospitalized in 2 hospitals in north lebanon. of the 120 samples, 32 were positive (26.7%) for rsv. there was a peak in january which progressively disappeared from february to may. being positive for rsv was significantly associated with the presence of rhinorrhoea and dyspnoea as clinical symptoms and the absence of ...201020799555
respiratory syncytial virus. 196120789173
rapid detection of respiratory tract viral infections and coinfections in patients with influenza-like illnesses by use of reverse transcription-pcr dna microarray systems.we prospectively tested 95 nasal swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates taken from 56 adults and 39 children visiting the reims university medical centre (northern france) for influenza-like illnesses (ili) during the early stage of the french influenza a/h1n1v pandemic (october 2009). respiratory samples were tested using a combination of two commercially available reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) dna microarray systems allowing rapid detection of influenza a virus strains, including the new a/h1n ...201020739481
a flow cytometry-based assay to assess rsv-specific neutralizing antibody is reproducible, efficient and accurate.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of respiratory infection in people of all ages, and is the leading cause of hospitalization in infants. although commercially available monoclonal antibody is available for passive prophylaxis of neonates at risk of severe disease, there is no available vaccine to prevent rsv. measurement of neutralizing activity will be a key endpoint for vaccine evaluation. assessment of neutralizing antibody against rsv has been limited to traditional pl ...201020727896
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