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bacillus spore classification via surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy and principal component analysis.surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers) can provide rapid fingerprinting of biomaterial in a nondestructive manner. the adsorption of colloidal silver to biological material suppresses native biofluorescence while providing electromagnetic surface enhancement of the normal raman signal. this work validates the applicability of qualitative ser spectroscopy for analysis of bacterial species by utilizing principal component analysis (pca) to show discrimination of biological threat simulants, ba ...200818339232
severe peritonitis due to pantoea agglomerans in a ccpd patient. 200818332463
cold atmospheric plasma decontamination of the pericarps of fruit.this investigation describes the inactivation by cold atmospheric plasmas of one pathogenic and three spoilage organisms on the pericarps of mangoes and melons. the operating voltage necessary for efficient microbial decontamination of fruit pericarps was first established using escherichia coli at a concentration of 10(7) cfu/cm2 on the surface of mango. it was found that, when the plasma was sustained slightly above its breakdown voltage of 12 kv (peak to peak), no inactivation was detected wh ...200818326179
taxonomic structure and stability of the bacterial community in belgian sourdough ecosystems as assessed by culture and population fingerprinting.a total of 39 traditional sourdoughs were sampled at 11 bakeries located throughout belgium which were visited twice with a 1-year interval. the taxonomic structure and stability of the bacterial communities occurring in these traditional sourdoughs were assessed using both culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. a total of 1,194 potential lactic acid bacterium (lab) isolates were tentatively grouped and identified by repetitive element sequence-based pcr, followed by sequence-based i ...200818310426
16s rrna gene sequences from bacteria associated with adult anopheles darlingi (diptera: culicidae) mosquitoes.the microbial flora associated with anopheles darlingi root (diptera: culicidae), a major neotropical malaria vector, was investigated for the development of a paratransgenesis-based approach to control malaria transmission in brazil. female mosquitoes were collected using human land catches and captured insects provided a bloodmeal. the controlled blood feeding resulted in increased detection of mosquito bacterial population because it was possible to retrieve bacterial dna from all blood-fed m ...200818283961
extracellular polysaccharides produced by cooling water tower biofilm bacteria and their possible degradation.the extracellular polymers (eps) of biofilm bacteria that can cause heat and mass transfer problems in cooling water towers in the petrochemical industry were investigated. in addition, these microorganisms were screened for their ability to grow and degrade their own eps and the eps of other species. twelve bacteria producing the most eps were isolated from cooling water towers and characterized biochemically by classic and commercial systems. these were species of pseudomonas, burkholderia, ae ...200818256966
effect of biocontrol agents candida sake and pantoea agglomerans on penicillium expansum growth and patulin accumulation in apples.penicillium expansum is the major responsible of fruit pome decaying in cold storage. apples spoiled by p. expansum are expected to contain patulin, a mycotoxin which is proven to affect human health. the use of chemicals is the most common procedure to prevent rots in postharvest but legislation is becoming more and more restrictive. the use of biocontrol agents (bca) as an alternative tool is currently being proposed. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two bca (candida sake cp ...200818191492
transgenic tobacco revealing altered bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere during early plant development.the rhizosphere constitutes a complex niche that may be exploited by a wide variety of bacteria. bacterium-plant interactions in this niche can be influenced by factors such as the expression of heterologous genes in the plant. the objective of this work was to describe the bacterial communities associated with the rhizosphere and rhizoplane regions of tobacco plants, and to compare communities from transgenic tobacco lines (cab1, cab2 and trp) with those found in wild-type (wt) plants. samples ...200818181027
rapid detection and identification of the bacterium pantoea stewartii in maize by taqman real-time pcr assay targeting the cpsd gene.the development and evaluation of a sensitive and specific taqman real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection and identification of pantoea stewartii on maize.200818179542
pantoea agglomerans bacteremia in a 65-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia: case report and review.a 65-year-old man with a recent history of acute leukemia was admitted with complaints of chills and rigors. he had a long-standing hickman catheter which was removed following the isolation of a gram negative rod later identified as pantoea agglomerans. the patient recovered with antimicrobial therapy. pantoea species are rare causes of clinically relevant infections.200818176303
identification of an alternative translation initiation site for the pantoea ananatis lycopene cyclase (crty) gene in e. coli and its evolutionary conservation.previous sequence analyses of the lycopene cyclase gene (crt y) from pantoea ananatis revealed that translation of its protein product in escherichia coli began at the atg start codon. we found, however, that this enzyme could also be produced in e. coli without the atg start codon present. results of experiments using crt y mutants revealed that a gtg (val) sequence, located in-frame and 24 bp downstream of the atg, could act as a potential start codon. additionally, a point-mutated gta (val), ...200818096401
diverse endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from wild rice oryza rufipogon and description of phytobacter diazotrophicus gen. nov. sp. nov.twenty-three nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated from surface-sterilized stems and roots of wild rice oryza rufipogon. four clusters were defined among these bacteria by sds-page protein patterns and further confirmed by is-pcr finger-printing analysis. phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences showed that the representative strains ls 8 and ls 18 of cluster ii formed a monophyletic group sharing 94.0-97.3% similarities with defined enterobacterial species within the genera salmonella, ...200818060384
two bacterial entophytes eliciting both plant growth promotion and plant defense on pepper (capsicum annuum l.).plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) have the potential to be used as microbial inoculants to reduce disease incidence and severity and to increase crop yield. some of the pgpr have been reported to be able to enter plant tissues and establish endophytic populations. here, we demonstrated an approach to screen bacterial endophytes that have the capacity to promote the growth of pepper seedlings and protect pepper plants against a bacterial pathogen. initially, out of 150 bacterial isolate ...200718051359
the structure of the o-specific polysaccharide of the lipopolysaccharide from pantoea agglomerans strain fl1.a neutral o-specific polysaccharide consisting of d-rhamnose was obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide of the plant pathogenic bacterium pantoea agglomerans strain fl1, a common epiphyte of many plant species, and associated with pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi in young and apparently intact olive knots. by means of compositional and methylation analyses, and nmr spectroscopy, the chemical repeating unit of the polymer was identified as a linear tetrasaccharide of the ...200818039532
construction of stably maintained non-mobilizable derivatives of rsf1010 lacking all known elements essential for mobilization.rsf1010 is a well-studied broad-host-range plasmid able to be mobilized to different bacteria and plants. rsf1010-derived plasmid vectors are widely used in both basic research and industrial applications. in the latter case, exploiting of mobilizable plasmids or even the plasmids possessing negligible mobilization frequency, but containing dna fragments that could promote conjugal transfer, is undesirable because of biosafety considerations. previously, several mutations significantly decreasin ...200718028554
virulence mechanisms and host specificity of gall-forming pantoea agglomerans.pantoea agglomerans has been transformed from a commensal bacterium associated with many plants into a host-specific gall-forming pathogen by acquiring a plasmid-borne pathogenicity island. this pathogenicity island harbors the hrp/hrc gene cluster, in addition to genes encoding type iii effector proteins, biosynthesis of the phytohormones indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin, multiple diverse insertion sequences and pseudogenes. this review describes a unique model for understanding the emergence ...200718024130
identification, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and virulence of members from the family enterobacteriaceae from the feces of yellow-headed blackbirds (xanthocephalus xanthocephalus) in north dakota.public pressure to reduce or eliminate antimicrobials as ingredients of feed for poultry and other agricultural animals is mounting, primarily due to the fear of multidrug-resistant bacteria in clinical infections in both animals and humans. exploration of the occurrence of antibiotic resistance in the gut flora of wildlife avian flocks that presumptively do not receive antimicrobials will determine the rate of resistance in a naïve population. fecal samples collected from a healthy population o ...200717992921
development and potential use of a monoclonal antibody to the lipopolysaccharide of pantoea agglomerans (ip-pa1).the lipopolysaccharide of pantoea agglomerans (ip-pa ) has been shown to be effective and safe in the prevention of various diseases, such as bacterial or viral infection, lifestyle-related diseases, when administered transdermally or orally. to clarify the mechanisms of the preventive or therapeutic effect induced by ip-pa1, we tried to establish a monoclonal antibody to detect ip-pa1. the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to measure the amount of ip-pa1.200717970031
[bacterial community structure in intestine of the white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei].the composition of bacterial community in the intestine of the white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei under laboratory culture condition was determined using the 16s rdna clone library. 16s rrna gene was amplified and a library was constructed by using the genomic dna extracted from the bacteria in the shrimp intestine as template. 12 different rflp patterns of the clones were obtained by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis using afa i and msp i. compared with the published sequences i ...200717944366
lidar detection algorithm for time and range anomalies.a new detection algorithm for lidar applications has been developed. the detection is based on hyperspectral anomaly detection that is implemented for time anomaly where the question "is a target (aerosol cloud) present at range r within time t(1) to t(2)" is addressed, and for range anomaly where the question "is a target present at time t within ranges r(1) and r(2)" is addressed. a detection score significantly different in magnitude from the detection scores for background measurements sugge ...200717932542
distribution and replication of the pathogenicity plasmid ppath in diverse populations of the gall-forming bacterium pantoea agglomerans.pantoea agglomerans has been transformed from a commensal bacterium into two related gall-forming pathovars by acquisition of ppath plasmids containing a pathogenicity island (pai). this pai harbors an hrp/hrc gene cluster, type iii effectors, and phytohormone biosynthetic genes. dna typing by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed two major groups of p. agglomerans pv. gypsophilae and one group of p. agglomerans pv. betae. the ppath plasmids of the different groups had nearly identical repli ...200717921271
the effect of micro-architectural structure of cabbage substratum and or background bacterial flora on the growth of listeria monocytogenes.the effect of micro-architectural structure of cabbage (brassica oleracea var. capitata l.) substratum and or background bacterial flora on the growth of listeria monocytogenes as a function of incubation temperature was investigated. a cocktail mixture of pseudomonas fluorescens, pantoea agglomerans and lactobacillus plantarum was constituted to a population density of approximately 5 log cfu/ml in order to pseudo-simulate background bacterial flora of fresh-cut cabbage. this mixture was co-ino ...200717910986
diversity of cultivated endophytic bacteria from sugarcane: genetic and biochemical characterization of burkholderia cepacia complex isolates.bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere and from inside the roots and stems of sugarcane plants grown in the field in brazil. endophytic bacteria were found in both the roots and the stems of sugarcane plants, with a significantly higher density in the roots. many of the cultivated endophytic bacteria were shown to produce the plant growth hormone indoleacetic acid, and this trait was more frequently found among bacteria from the stem. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis revealed that the select ...200717905875
dry stress and survival time of enterobacter sakazakii and other enterobacteriaceae in dehydrated powdered infant formula.powdered infant formula is not a sterile product, and opportunistic pathogens could multiply in the reconstituted product, resulting in neonatal infections. in this study, the generation of sublethally injured enterobacteriaceae during desiccation and their persistence in dehydrated powdered infant formula was assessed during a 2.5-year period. the study included 27 strains of enterobacter sakazakii, enterobacter cloacae, salmonella enteritidis, citrobacter koseri, citrobacter freundii, escheric ...200717900090
engineering the halophilic bacterium halomonas elongata to produce beta-carotene.engineering halophilic bacteria to produce carotenoids is a subject of great scientific and commercial interest, as carotenoids are desirable products used as additives and colorants in the food industry, with beta-carotene the most prominent. with this target, we expressed the beta-carotene biosynthetic genes crte, crty, crti, and crtb from pantoea agglomerans and the cdna encoding isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase from haematococcus pluvialis in the halophilic bacterium halomonas elongata ob ...200717899066
detection and visualization of an exopolysaccharide produced by xylella fastidiosa in vitro and in planta.many phytopathogenic bacteria, such as ralstonia solanacearum, pantoea stewartii, and xanthomonas campestris, produce exopolysaccharides (epss) that aid in virulence, colonization, and survival. eps can also contribute to host xylem vessel blockage. the genome of xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of pierce's disease (pd) of grapevine, contains an operon that is strikingly similar to the x. campestris gum operon, which is responsible for the production of xanthan gum. based on this information ...200717827325
the plant pathogen pantoea ananatis produces n-acylhomoserine lactone and causes center rot disease of onion by quorum sensing.a number of gram-negative bacteria have a quorum-sensing system and produce n-acyl-l-homoserine lactone (ahl) that they use them as a quorum-sensing signal molecule. pantoea ananatis is reported as a common colonist of wheat heads at ripening and causes center rot of onion. in this study, we demonstrated that p. ananatis sk-1 produced two ahls, n-hexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (c6-hsl) and n-(3-oxohexanoyl)-l-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-c6-hsl). we cloned the ahl-synthase gene (eani) and ahl-recept ...200717827290
[effects of a lactic acid bacteria community sfc-2 treated on rice straw].aimed to utilize rice straw and lessen the pressure of environment, the rice straw was used as the fermentation material, and a lactic acid bacteria community sfc-2 from my laboratory was inoculated into the rice straw to investigate the inoculation effects. after 30 days fermentation, the inoculated fermented straw smelt acid-fragrant, and the ph value was 3.8, which was lower than the control of 4.1. furthermore, lactic acid concentration was more than that in the control. especially l-lactic ...200717674756
isolation of bacterial endophytes from germinated maize kernels.the germination of surface-sterilized maize kernels under aseptic conditions proved to be a suitable method for isolation of kernel-associated bacterial endophytes. bacterial strains identified by partial 16s rrna gene sequencing as pantoea sp., microbacterium sp., frigoribacterium sp., bacillus sp., paenibacillus sp., and sphingomonas sp. were isolated from kernels of 4 different maize cultivars. genus pantoea was associated with a specific maize cultivar. the kernels of this cultivar were ofte ...200717668041
recovery of pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi from symptomless shoots of naturally infected olive trees.seasonal dynamics of pseudomonas savastanoi pv. savastanoi (psv) on stems and leaves from symptomless shoots of naturally infected olive trees was monitored in spanish olive orchards. data inferred from the comparison between washing of leaves and dilution-plating versus leaf printing of individual leaves suggested that psv population sizes varied by over several orders of magnitude, among leaves sampled concurrently from the same shoot. we did not find significant differences between leaves and ...200717661284
bilateral tibial chronic osteomyelitis due to pantoea agglomerans in a patient with sickle cell disease. 200717650525
transmission of cotton seed and boll rotting bacteria by the southern green stink bug (nezara viridula l.).to determine the ability of the southern green stink bug (sgsb) (nezara viridula l.) to transmit pantoea agglomerans into cotton (gossypium hirsutum) bolls.200717650204
nosocomial outbreak of pantoea agglomerans in a pediatric urgent care center.pantoea agglomerans is a gram-negative bacterium whose isolates can be found in blood cultures and other secretions. this article described one outbreak of sepsis due to this bacterium in the pediatric urgent care center of a tertiary hospital, in brasilia, federal district. this was a case-control study and it evaluated the risk factors for acquisition of nosocomial sepsis caused by pantoea agglomerans. six case-patients and 15 control-patients have been found. the risk factors were: vomiting i ...200717625778
stability of microbial communities in goat milk during a lactation year: molecular approaches.the microbial communities in milks from one herd were evaluated during 1-year of lactation, using molecular methods to evaluate their stability and the effect of breeding conditions on their composition. the diversity of microbial communities was measured using two approaches: molecular identification by 16s and 18s rdna sequencing of isolates from counting media (two milks), and direct identification using 16s rdna from clone libraries (six milks). the stability of these communities was evaluat ...200717604934
bacteremia caused by pantoea agglomerans and enterococcus faecalis in a patient with colon cancer.a case of bacteremia caused by pantoea agglomerans (p. agglomerans) and enterococcus faecalis in a male patient with colon cancer is reported. he was successfully treated with vancomycin and meropenem. the clinical isolate was identified as p. agglomerans by 16s rrna gene sequencing.200717600887
relative importance of amino acids, glycine-betaine and ectoine synthesis in the biocontrol agent pantoea agglomerans cpa-2 in response to osmotic, acidic and heat stress.the objective of this work was to determine the role of different compatible solutes in adaptation of pantoea agglomerans cpa-2 at different stages of growth to solute (0.98, 0.97, 0.96 aw), heat (35 and 40 degrees c) and acidic (ph 4.0, 5.0, 6.0) stress.200717594453
the potential perils of a visit to botanical gardens in a patient with a central intravascular device. 200717573153
[mechanism of the effect of lpsp on the production of anti-hbs in mice].to investigate the mechanism of the effect of avirulent pantoea agglomerans lipopolysaccharide (lpsp) as the adjuvant of hbsag on the production of anti-hbs in mice.200717553355
fulminant infection of the lower limb in a diabetic patient. 200717552407
papaya shoot tip associated endophytic bacteria isolated from in vitro cultures and host-endophyte interaction in vitro and in vivo.fourteen distinct bacterial clones were isolated from surface-sterilized shoot tips (approximately 1 cm) of papaya (carica papaya l. 'surya') planted on murashige and skoog (ms)-based papaya culture medium (23/50 nos.) during the 2-4 week period following in vitro culturing. these isolates were ascribed to six gram-negative genera, namely pantoea (p. ananatis), enterobacter (e. cloacae), brevundimonas (b. aurantiaca), sphingomonas, methylobacterium (m. rhodesianum), and agrobacterium (a. tumefac ...200717538647
bacterial reduction of selenate to elemental selenium utilizing molasses as a carbon source.selecting an inexpensive and effective organic carbon source is the key to reducing the cost in selenium (se) remediation. five bacteria were screened based on their ability in using molasses as an organic carbon source to reduce selenate [se(vi)] in drainage water. efficiency of se removal differed in the molasses-added drainage water containing different bacteria, with an order of enterobacter taylorae>pantoea sp. sss2>klebsiella sp. wrs2>citerobacter freundii>shigella sp. dw2. by using e. tay ...200817512724
characterization of the cultivable microbiota of sprouts and their potential for application as protective cultures.the microbiota of ten seeds and ready-to-eat sprouts produced thereof was characterized by bacteriological culture and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) of amplified dna fragments of the 16s rrna gene. the predominant bacterial biota of hydroponically grown sprouts mainly consisted of enterobacteria, pseudomonades and lactic acid bacteria (lab). for adzuki, alfalfa, mung bean, radish, sesame and wheat, the ratio of these bacterial groups changed strongly in the course of germination ...200717512686
increased beta-carotene production in recombinant escherichia coli harboring an engineered isoprenoid precursor pathway with mevalonate addition.when pt-lycm4 containing lycopene synthetic genes was co-transformed with psucrty or pshcrty containing crty gene of pantoea ananatis (p. ananatis) or pantoea agglomerans (p. agglomerans), beta-carotene productions of 36 and 35 mg/l were obtained, respectively. no lycopene was detected in the beta-carotene production culture. pt-hb, constructed by addition of p. ananatis crty gene into pt-lycm4, was used for co-transformation with psdxs and pssn12didi, which increased isopentenyl diphosphate and ...200717500531
the bryophyte genus sphagnum is a reservoir for powerful and extraordinary antagonists and potentially facultative human pathogens.sphagnum plants grow in natural, species-poor carpets at low ph but without any known substantial fungal disease. to investigate this phenomenon, we analysed bacterial populations associated with two sphagnum species with different ecological behaviour, namely s. magellanicum and s. fallax, from three sites in germany and three in norway, with a special focus on the functional group of antagonists. the screening of 493 bacterial isolates for antagonistic activity against fungal pathogens resulte ...200717484734
acid tolerance response induced in the biocontrol agent pantoea agglomerans cpa-2 and effect on its survival ability in acidic environments.the aim of this work was to optimize acid stress conditions for induction of acid tolerance response (atr) in the biocontrol agent pantoea agglomerans and study the effect of atr induced on the ability to survive under acidic conditions. initially, pantoea agglomerans was grown in mild acidic conditions (ph 6.0, 5.5, 5.0 and 4.0) in order to induce atr. the highest atr was induced at initial ph of 5 using malic or citric acid. a first in vitro experiment was carried out. thus, basal liquid mediu ...200917475457
pantoea agglomerans septicemia in three newborn infants.pantoea infections are rare in humans, especially in neonates. infections are usually associated with plant thorn injury or outbreaks traced to contaminated parenteral nutrition, intravenous anesthetics or packed erythrocytes. between 1st of january 1994 and 1st of june 2005, 125 of 6383 patients (2%) in a 24-bed level iii nicu became colonized with pantoea agglomerans. three newborns exhibited late-onset pantoea agglomerans septicemia and died. sporadic cases of pantoea agglomerans septicemia h ...200717468662
relationships of plant pathogenic enterobacteria based on partial atpd, cara, and reca as individual and concatenated nucleotide and peptide sequences.relationships of the genera in the enterobacteriaceae containing plant pathogenic species: brenneria, dickeya, enterobacter, erwinia, pantoea, pectobacterium, and samsonia, were investigated by comparison of their nucleotide and peptide sequences of atpd, cara, reca, and the concatenated sequences. erwinia spp. and pantoea spp., with pectobacterium cypripedii, formed a group distinct from other pathogenic taxa. pectobacterium, brenneria, dickeya, and samsonia formed a contiguous clade. samsonia ...200717451899
periodontal disease as reservoir for multi-resistant and hydrolytic enterobacterial species.this investigation aimed to isolate enteric rods from subgingival sites of patients presenting chronic periodontitis lesions, and to assess antimicrobial resistance and expression of hydrolytic enzymes.200717451514
pantoea agglomerans, a plant pathogen causing human disease.we present 53 pediatric cases of pantoea agglomerans infections cultured from normally sterile sites in patients seen at a children's hospital over 6 years. isolates included 23 from the bloodstream, 14 from abscesses, 10 from joints/bones, 4 from the urinary tract, and 1 each from the peritoneum and the thorax. p. agglomerans was most associated with penetrating trauma by vegetative material and catheter-related bacteremia.200717442803
application of flow cytometry for the assessment of preservation and recovery efficiency of bioaerosol samplers spiked with pantoea agglomerans.exposure assessment of biological aerosols requires trade-offs between efficient sampling of airborne microorganisms as either particles or viable units. the main objective of this work was to characterize aspects of bioaerosol measurement efficiency. a known concentration of the vegetative bacteria pantoea agglomerans was spiked onto different samplers (agi-30, biosampler, and membrane filters) and then run for increasing time periods using hepa filtered air. measurement efficiency was evaluate ...200717438801
[pantoea agglomerans--pathogen of elytrigia repens and arrhenatherum elatius diseases].strains of pantoea agglomerans were isolated from the samples with symptoms of bacterial damage of various organs of elytrigia repens and arrhenatherum elatius. the isolated bacteria are aggressive to different extent for a host-plant and a number of cultivated plants. some problems of evolution of this bacterial species parasitism are discussed.200717427410
pantoea agglomerans liver abscess presenting with a painful thigh.this case highlights that an acute myositis leading to rhabdomyolysis may occur as a rare complication of hepatic abscess and shows the benefit of early recognition of this possible association. a 70-year-old man presented with fever and lower limb myalgia, with laboratory evidence of acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis. blood cultures revealed pantoea agglomerans, which led to identification of a hepatic abscess on computed tomography scan. supportive care together with antibiotics ...200717413296
rice endophyte pantoea agglomerans ys19 forms multicellular symplasmata via cell aggregation.pantoea agglomerans is characterized by the formation of multicellular symplasmata. one unanswered question regarding this bacterium is how these structures are formed. in this study, the rice diazotrophic endophyte p. agglomerans ys19 was selected for exploration of this theme. ys19 was labeled with green fluorescent protein and the resulting recombinant ys19::gfp was observed to grow only slightly more slowly (a decrease of 5.5%) than the wild-type strain, and to show high gfp label stability ...200717391364
culturable bacteria present in the fluid of the hooded-pitcher plant sarracenia minor based on 16s rdna gene sequence data.the culturable microbial community within the pitcher fluid of 93 sarracenia minor carnivorous plants was examined over a 2-year study. many aspects of the plant/bacterial/insect interaction within the pitcher fluid are minimally understood because the bacterial taxa present in these pitchers have not been identified. thirteen isolates were characterized by 16s rdna sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. the proteobacteria were the most abundant taxa and included representatives from s ...200717380356
culturable leaf-associated bacteria on tomato plants and their potential as biological control agents.culturable leaf-associated bacteria inhabiting a plant have been considered as promising biological control agent (bca) candidates because they can survive on the plant. we investigated the relationship between bacterial groups of culturable leaf-associated bacteria on greenhouse- and field-grown tomato leaves and their antifungal activities against tomato diseases in vitro and in vivo. in addition, the isolated bacteria were analyzed for n-acyl-homoserine lactone (ahl) and indole-3-acetic acid ...200717356949
seizure associated with total parenteral nutrition-related hypermanganesemia.the trace element manganese is usually supplied when total parenteral nutrition is used. however, long-term parenteral administration of manganese, which bypasses the normal regulatory mechanism, may cause hypermanganesemia. manganese poisoning presents clinically with parkinsonian-like symptoms and psychological changes. seizures are a rare presentation of this disease. this report describes a 10-year-old female who had received total parenteral nutrition for 3 months because of short bowel syn ...200717352953
a faflp system for the improved identification of plant-pathogenic and plant-associated species of the genus pantoea.the majority of pantoea species are either plant-pathogenic or plant-associated and cause a wide variety of symptoms on a range of hosts. identification of pantoea species is difficult due to minor differences in phenotypic characteristics between them and related enterobacteriaceae. fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (faflp) analysis was investigated for use as a rapid, molecular-based identification technique to the species level of the genus pantoea. following analysis of the ...200717321713
applications of lipopolysaccharide derived from pantoea agglomerans (ip-pa1) for health care based on macrophage network theory.innate immunity is a universal prophylactic system which all multi-cellular animals possess. macrophages are the cells that play the central role in the innate immune system. in 1991, we discovered a substance in a water extract of wheat flour that activated macrophages after oral or intradermal administration. the active substance was lipopolysaccharide (lps), which is derived from the cell walls of pantoea agglomerans, gram-negative bacteria that grows symbiotically with wheat. we named the su ...200617270712
acyl-homoserine lactones produced by pantoea sp. isolated from the "maize white spot" foliar disease.the "maize white spot" foliar disease is a problem of increasing importance to brazilian maize crops. a bacterium isolated from water-soaked lesions from infected maize leaves was pathogenic in biological assays in vivo. it was identified as a gram-negative, nonsporulating, facultative anaerobic bacterium, belonging to the genus pantoea. chemical study of the extracts from bacterial cultivation media allowed the identification of (s)-(-)-n-butanoyl-homoserine lactone and trace amounts of n-hexan ...200717256964
characterization of the bacterial microflora of the tympanic cavity of eastern box turtles with and without aural abscesses.aerobic bacterial cultures of the tympanic cavity of the middle ear were performed in eight eastern box turtles (terrapene carolina carolina) with aural abscesses and 15 eastern box turtles without aural abscesses (controls) that were admitted to the wildlife center of virginia, virginia, usa during 2003. twenty-two bacterial isolates were identified from 17 turtles including 10 gram-negative and 12 gram-positive bacteria. ten of 15 control animals had bacterial growth, resulting in identificati ...200617255456
biosurfactant production by antarctic facultative anaerobe pantoea sp. during growth on hydrocarbons.the facultative anaerobe pantoea sp. strain a-13, isolated from ornithogenic soil of dewart island (frazier islands), antarctica, produced glycolipid biosurfactants when grown on n-paraffins or kerosene as the sole source of carbon and energy. hemolysis of erythrocytes, growth inhibition of bacillus subtilis, and thin-layer chromatography studies have suggested that the secreted glycolipids are rhamnolipids. glycolipids produced by kerosene-grown cells decreased the surface tension at the air-wa ...200717211540
legionella and other gram-negative bacteria in potable water from various rural and urban sources.a total of 107 potable water samples were collected from various rural and urban sources located in the lublin region (eastern poland). 54 samples from rural sources comprised 32 samples of untreated well water and 22 samples of treated (chlorinated) tap water from rural dwellings distributed by the municipal water supply system (mwss). 53 samples of treated water from urban sources were supplied by the city of lublin mwss. they comprised: 11 samples of tap water from offices and shops, 8 sample ...200617196009
metabolic engineering of carotenoid biosynthesis in escherichia coli by ordered gene assembly in bacillus subtilis.we attempted to optimize the production of zeaxanthin in escherichia coli by reordering five biosynthetic genes in the natural carotenoid cluster of pantoea ananatis. newly designed operons for zeaxanthin production were constructed by the ordered gene assembly in bacillus subtilis (ogab) method, which can assemble multiple genes in one step using an intrinsic b. subtilis plasmid transformation system. the highest level of production of zeaxanthin in e. coli (820 microg/g [dry weight]) was obser ...200717194842
investigations into the in vitro antimicrobial activity and mode of action of the phenazine antibiotic d-alanylgriseoluteic acid.d-alanylgriseoluteic acid (aga) is a potent antimicrobial phenazine compound produced by pantoea agglomerans (erwinia herbicola) eh1087. susceptibility tests against a range of microbes indicated that aga had a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and was particularly active against gram-positive pathogens. comparison of the in vitro efficacy of aga with eight other antibiotics against 119 clinical isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrated that all were inhibited by low concentration ...200717189100
enterobacteriaceae in dehydrated powdered infant formula manufactured in indonesia and malaysia.to determine the occurrence of salmonella and shigella in infant formula from southeast asia, 74 packages of dehydrated powdered infant follow-on formula (recommended age, > 4 months) from five different manufacturers, four from indonesia and one from malaysia, were analyzed. none of the 25-g test portions yielded salmonella or shigella. however, further identification of colonies growing on selective media used for salmonella and shigella detection revealed the frequent occurrence of several ot ...200617186672
role of pantoea agglomerans in opportunistic bacterial seed and boll rot of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) grown in the field.to investigate the aetiology of seed and boll rot of cotton grown in south carolina (sc).200717184328
bacteria associated with orchid roots and microbial production of auxin.associative bacteria of terrestrial (paphiopedilum appletonianum) and epiphytic (pholidota articulata) tropical orchids were investigated. microbial community of epiphytic plant differed from that of the terrestrial one. streptomyces, bacillus, pseudomonas, burkholderia, erwinia and nocardia strains populated paphiopedilum roots, whereas pseudomonas, flavobacterium, stenotrophomonas, pantoea, chryseobacterium, bacillus, agrobacterium, erwinia, burkholderia and paracoccus strains colonized pholid ...200717140781
engineering the lycopene synthetic pathway in e. coli by comparison of the carotenoid genes of pantoea agglomerans and pantoea ananatis.the lycopene synthetic pathway was engineered in escherichia coli using the carotenoid genes (crte, crtb, and crti) of pantoea agglomerans and pantoea ananatis. e. coli harboring the p. agglomerans crt genes produced 27 mg/l of lycopene in 2yt medium without isopropyl-beta-d: -thiogalactopyranoside (iptg) induction, which was twofold higher than that produced by e. coli harboring the p. ananatis crt genes (12 mg/l lycopene) with 0.1 mm iptg induction. the crt genes of p. agglomerans proved bette ...200717115209
activities and survival of endophytic bacteria in white clover (trifolium repens l.).in this study, the genera, abundance, and activities of endophytic bacteria in field-grown white clover (trifolium repens) and the fate of introduced antibiotic-tolerant bacteria in white clover tissues were investigated. pseudomonas, pantoea, and corynebacterium were the most frequently isolated endophytic bacteria genera, whereas xanthomonas, microbacterium, and cellulomonas occurred less frequently. the average bacterial populations in stolons and roots were approximately 100,000 colony-formi ...200617110977
autoinducer-2 of the fire blight pathogen erwinia amylovora and other plant-associated bacteria.autoinducers are important for cellular communication of bacteria. the luxs gene has a central role in the synthesis of autoinducer-2 (ai-2). the gene was identified in a shotgun library of erwinia amylovora and primers designed for pcr amplification from bacterial dna. supernatants of several erwinia amylovora strains were assayed for ai-2 activity with a vibrio harveyi mutant and were positive. many other plant-associated bacteria also showed ai-2 activity such as erwinia pyrifoliae and erwini ...200717092294
the survival of pathogens in soil treated with wastewater sludge and in potatoes grown in such soil.the prevalence of pathogens on potatoes (solanum tuberosum) grown in soil amended with a pathogen rich wastewater sludge was investigated. bacteria of the family enterobacteriaceae are important pathogens causing intestinal and systemic illness of humans and other animals. type b sludge was used. sludges investigated are the high metal and the low metal sludges. microorganisms in the sludge-amended soil were using culture-based technique. salmonella and e. coli were observed in tested soil sampl ...200617087382
identification of genetic markers to distinguish the virulent and avirulent subspecies of pantoea stewartii by comparative proteomics and genetic analysis.pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii (pnss), the causal agent of stewart's bacterial wilt and leaf blight of maize and sweet corn, is one of the quarantine pathogens in many countries and regions. in contrast, p. stewartii subsp. indologenes (pnsi), the closely related subspecies of pnss, is avirulent on these plants. in this study, the protein expression profiles of these two subspecies were compared using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. twenty-one unique protein spots consistently ...200717086414
nitrogen-fixing chemo-organotrophic bacteria isolated from cyanobacteria-deprived lichens and their ability to solubilize phosphate and to release amino acids and phytohormones.cyanobacteria-deprived lichens of the species canoparmelia caroliniana, canoparmelia crozalsiana, canoparmelia texana, parmotrema sancti-angeli and parmotrema tinctorum were screened for the presence of chemo-organotrophic nitrogen-fixing bacteria.200617040231
wtse, an avre-family effector protein from pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii, causes disease-associated cell death in corn and requires a chaperone protein for stability.the pathogenicity of pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii to sweet corn and maize requires a hrp type iii secretion system. in this study, we genetically and functionally characterized a disease-specific (dsp) effector locus, composed of wtse and wtsf, that is adjacent to the hrp gene cluster. wtse, a member of the avre family of effector proteins, was essential for pathogenesis on corn and was complemented by dspa/e from erwinia amylovora. an intact c-terminus of wtse, which contained a putative ...200617022173
evaluation of the bd phoenix automated microbiology system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enterobacteriaceae.we evaluated the accuracy of the bd phoenix system for the identification (id) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (ast) of 251 isolates of the family enterobacteriaceae representing 31 species. organisms were inoculated onto the phoenix panel according to the manufacturer's instructions. the results from conventional biochemical tests were used for the reference method for id. agar dilution, performed according to the clsi guidelines, was the reference ast method. essential and categorical ...200617021074
improving low water activity and desiccation tolerance of the biocontrol agent pantoea agglomerans cpa-2 by osmotic treatments.to study the improvement of tolerance to low water activity (aw) and desiccation during spray drying in pantoea agglomerans cells subjected to mild osmotic stress during growth.200616968304
pseudooutbreak of pantoea species bacteremia associated with contaminated cotton pledgets.a total of 22 isolates of pantoea strains, unusual causative agents of clinical infection, was isolated from blood cultures from 9 patients and 1 ear swab from 1 of the patients within a period of 1 month in a tertiary-care hospital. pseudooutbreak was suspected because specimens were collected from a limited number of places and the patients did not show consistent signs or symptoms of bacterial sepsis. enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric) polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and p ...200616945691
effectiveness of two-sided uv-c treatments in inhibiting natural microflora and extending the shelf-life of minimally processed 'red oak leaf' lettuce.the use of uv-c radiation treatments to inhibit the microbial growth and extend the shelf-life of minimally processed 'red oak leaf' lettuce was investigated. initially, uv-c resistance of 20 bacterial strains from different genera often associated with fresh produce (enterobacter, erwinia, escherichia, leuconostoc, pantoea, pseudomonas, rahnela, salmonella, serratia and yersinia) were tested in vitro. most of the bacterial strains were inhibited with the minimum dose (30 j m(-2)). erwinia carot ...200616943010
survival of cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteriaceae on fingers.five strains of enterobacter species (n=4) and pantoea species (n=1) resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and isolated from clusters of 3-25 premature infants and small children and 5 strains (4 enterobacter strains and 1 pantoea strain) with the same resistance pattern that were isolated from 1 premature infant or small child each were inoculated on the fingertips of 10 volunteer study participants to test whether survival on fingertips is correlated with horizontal transmission. althou ...200616941326
[bacteremia caused by pantoea agglomerans]. 200616913075
a biosynthetic gene cluster for the acetyl-coa carboxylase inhibitor andrimid.increasing bacterial resistance to antibiotics with conventional targets has focused attention on antibiotics with unconventional targets. one promising candidate, the acetyl-coa carboxylase (acc) inhibitor andrimid, is a potent, broad-spectrum antibiotic with high selectivity for prokaryotic acc. here, we report the use of a dna-based approach to clone the andrimid biosynthetic gene cluster from pantoea agglomerans, yielding a cosmid that confers robust andrimid production on escherichia coli. ...200616910643
structural elucidation and biological activity of acyl-homoserine lactones from the phytopathogen pantoea ananatis serrano 1928.in gram-negative bacteria, the acyl-homoserine lactones (acyl-hsls) are the main signaling substances employed in cell-to-cell communication systems. this paper describes the chemical characterization of acyl-hsls produced by the worldwide-spread phytopathogen pantoea ananatis (serrano 1928) by using gas chromatography-electron impact mass spectrometry. the absolute configuration of the major identified substance, (s)-(--)-n-hexanoyl-hsl, was determined with gas chromatography-flame ionization d ...200616900431
the type iii effectors hsvg and hsvb of gall-forming pantoea agglomerans determine host specificity and function as transcriptional activators.pantoea agglomerans pv. gypsophilae (pag) elicits galls on gypsophila and a hypersensitive response on beet, whereas p. agglomerans pv. betae (pab) induces galls on both beet and gypsophila. the pathogenicity of both pathovars is dependent on the presence of a plasmid harbouring type iii secretion system (ttss) components and effectors. the hsvg ttss effectors of pag (hsvg-pag) and pab (hsvg-pab) determine the host specificity of both pathovars on gypsophila. here we describe a novel hsvg homolo ...200616879413
domain switching and host recognition.the collective function of secreted pathogen effector molecules is to enhance the virulence and avirulence activity of the pathogen during the infection of its host. while the activity of a majority of pathogen effectors is unknown, several classes of effector molecules have been well characterized. among these include proteins which function to modulate host defences either through proteolysis, post-translational modifications, or by directly manipulating the host transcriptional machinery that ...200616879410
nature of bacteria found on some wards in sultan qaboos university hospital, oman.this study aims to determine what objects lying in the hospital environment or brought in from outside contribute to the introduction of bacteria associated with nosocomial infections. one hundred swab specimens collected from children's toys, sinks, door handles, telephone handsets and flowers brought into the hospital were plated on different culture media. colonial growth on the media was purified and identified subsequently using standard bacteriological methods. of the 100 samples cultured, ...200616871995
antimicrobial activity of vanillin against spoilage microorganisms in stored fresh-cut mangoes.the antimicrobial activity of vanillin against four bacteria (pantoea agglomerans, aeromonas enteropelogenes, micrococcus lylae, and sphingobacterium spiritovorun), four fungi (alternaria sp., aspergillus sp., penicillium sp., and fusarium sp.), and three unidentified yeasts isolated from spoiling fresh-cut mango slices was verified in laboratory media adjusted to ph 5.0. mics of vanillin against the fungi (12.5 to 13.3 mm), bacteria (10 to 13.3 mm), and yeasts (5.0 to 6.7 mm) indicated that all ...200616865911
diverse endophytic bacteria isolated from a leguminous tree conzattia multiflora grown in mexico.conzattia multiflora is a leguminous tree present only in mexico and guatemala. there is no record about its symbiotic or pathogenic microbes. in this study, we found that numerous bacteria with 10(4)-10(6) individuals per gram of fresh epidermis were distributed in the tissue of this plant. all the bacteria isolated from the conzattia epidermis were gram-negative, facultative anaerobic rods and formed yellow or colorless colonies. they were identified as endophytes by inoculation tests. some of ...200616862424
exopolysaccharides of pantoea agglomerans have different priming and eliciting activities in suspension-cultured cells of monocots and dicots.induced disease resistance of plants is often associated with an enhanced capacity to activate cellular defense responses to pathogen attack, named the "primed" state of the plant. exopolysaccharides of pantoea agglomerans have recently been reported as the first priming active component of bacterial origin in wheat cells. we now show that pantoea exopolysaccharides also prime rice cells for better elicitation of a rapid oxidative burst. in contrast, in tobacco and parsley cell cultures pantoea ...200616860795
volatile metabolite production of spoilage micro-organisms on a mixed-lettuce agar during storage at 7 degrees c in air and low oxygen atmosphere.this paper describes the volatile metabolite production of spoilage bacteria (pantoea agglomerans and rahnella aquatilis) and spoilage yeasts (pichia fermentans and cryptococcus laurentii), previously isolated from mixed lettuce, on a simulation medium of shredded mixed lettuce (mixed-lettuce agar) both under air conditions and modified atmosphere (ma)-conditions at 7 degrees c. these latter conditions simulated the equilibrium modified atmosphere packaging, which is used to extend the shelf-lif ...200616860421
molecular characterization of pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii hrpy, a conserved response regulator of the hrp type iii secretion system, and its interaction with the hrps promoter.pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii is a bacterial pathogen of corn. its pathogenicity depends on the translocation of effector proteins into host cells by the hrp type iii secretion system. we previously showed by genetic analysis that the hrpx sensor kinase and the hrpy response regulator are at the head of a complex cascade of regulators controlling hrp/hrc secretion and wts effector genes. this cascade also includes the hrps response regulator and the hrpl alternative sigma factor. these regu ...200616816181
characterisation of prototype nurmi cultures using culture-based microbiological techniques and pcr-dgge.undefined nurmi-type cultures (ntcs) have been used successfully to prevent salmonella colonisation in poultry for decades. such cultures are derived from the caecal contents of specific-pathogen-free birds and are administered via drinking water or spray application onto eggs in the hatchery. these cultures consist of many non-culturable and obligately anaerobic bacteria. due to their undefined nature it is difficult to obtain approval from regulatory agencies to use these preparations as direc ...200616814892
the rcsa promoter of pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii features a low-level constitutive promoter and an esar quorum-sensing-regulated promoter.the upstream region of the pantoea stewartii rcsa gene features two promoters, one for constitutive basal-level expression and a second autoregulated promoter for induced expression. the esar quorum-sensing repressor binds to a site centered between the two promoters, blocking transcription elongation from the regulated promoter under noninducing conditions.200616740966
anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae) oviposition in response to agarose media and cultured bacterial volatiles.anopheles gambiae s.s. giles accepted a range of agarose gels, varying from 0.5 to 8% (wt:vol), for oviposition; laid more eggs on 0.5% agarose gels than on moist filter paper or on drier agarose; and laid equal numbers of eggs on 0.5% agarose gels and distilled water. larvae hatched on agarose gel substrates and crawled onto the surface of moist agarose gels, but they tended only to burst the egg cap and remain within the egg case on drier gels. a mixture of cultured bacteria, originating from ...200616739407
[an outbreak of fatal pantoea infections in newborn infants, caused by contaminated infusion solutions]. 200616736824
characterization of fe(iii)-reducing enrichment cultures and isolation of fe(iii)-reducing bacteria from the savannah river site, south carolina.the savannah river site, south carolina (srs), has been subjected to heavy metal and radionuclide contamination. dissimilatory fe(iii)-reducing bacteria, by reducing insoluble fe(iii) to soluble fe(ii), may enhance contaminant mobility through subsurface environments. in order to investigate populations of the indigenous iron-reducing microbes from the srs, duplicate enrichment cultures were initiated using a 10% inoculum of 7 sediment/soil samples, and serial dilutions were made into wolfe's mi ...200616730954
characterization of a collection of enterobacter sakazakii isolates from environmental and food sources.enterobacter sakazakii has emerged as a rare cause of neonatal meningitis, septicemia and enterocolitis. contaminated infant milk formula (imf) has been identified as one infection route. a small number of clinical outbreaks have been epidemiologically linked to imf contaminated post-pasteurization during manufacture and/or mishandled when reconstituted. currently no agreed standardized typing protocol has been developed to trace e. sakazakii. the objectives of this study were to apply biochemic ...200616730386
confirmation of e. coli among other thermotolerant coliform bacteria in paper mill effluents, wood chips screening rejects and paper sludges.paper sludges are solid wastes material generated from the paper production, which have been characterized for their chemical contents. some are rich in wood fiber and are a good carbon source, for example the primary and de-inking paper sludges. others are made rich in nitrogen and phosphorus by pressing the activated sludge, resulting from the biological water treatments, with the primary sludge, yielding the combined paper sludge. still, in the absence of sanitary effluents very few studies h ...200616714043
production of quorum-sensing-related signal molecules by epiphytic bacteria inhabiting wheat heads.the production of quorum-sensing-related signal molecules (qsrms) among culturable bacteria comprising the community on wheat heads was investigated. the taxonomic position of 186 bacterial isolates obtained from ten heads was inferred based on 16s rrna gene sequences, and their qsrm production was determined using two bioreporter strains of n-acylhomoserine lactones. approximately 33% of isolates produced qsrms, though the proportion of qsrm-producing isolates on a wheat head was significantly ...200616699565
pantoea peritonitis in a patient receiving chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.pantoea agglomerans is usually the most common organism transmitted through plant thorn injuries. this report is of a female patient maintained on chronic ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) who developed peritonitis attributed to p. agglomerans. peritonitis is an uncommon complication of p. agglomerans and there is no previous report of peritonitis associated with this organism in a capd patient. the source of infection was thought to be due to rose-thorn injury. antibiotic therapy with cefta ...200616669968
dominance of lysobacter sp. in the rhizosphere of two coastal sand dune plant species, calystegia soldanella and elymus mollis.bacterial diversity in the rhizosphere of beach morning glory (calystegia soldanella) and wild rye (elymus mollis), two of the major plant species inhabiting the coastal sane dune in tae-an, korea, was studied by the analysis of community 16s rrna gene clones. the amplified rdna restriction analysis (ardra) of the clones using haeiii exhibited significant differences in the community composition between the two plant species as well as regional differences, but also identified a specific ardra p ...200616652206
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