Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| the influence of metabolically engineered glucosinolates profiles in arabidopsis thaliana on plutella xylostella preference and performance. | the oviposition preference and larval performance of the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella, was studied using arabidopsis thaliana plants with modified glucosinolate (gs) profiles containing novel gss as a result of the introduction of individual cyp79 genes. the insect parameters were determined in a series of bioassays. the gs content of the plants as well as the number of trichomes were measured. multivariate analysis was used to determine the possible relationships among insect and ... | 2009 | 20339445 |
| isolation and characterization of a baculovirus associated with the insect parasitoid wasp, cotesia marginiventris, or its host, trichoplusia ni. | a multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (mnpv) was isolated from trichoplusia ni (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae that had been stung by the parasitoid cotesia marginiventris (cresson) (hymenoptera: braconidae). the wild type virus was plaque purified by infecting a heliothis subflexa (bcirl- hsam1) cell line and isolating several clones. the mean estimated genomic size of this virus based on psti, bsteii, styi, hindiii restriction profiles was estimated to be 106 +/- 2.5 kbp (mean+/-se). a clon ... | 2008 | 20334593 |
| genomic organization and developmental expression of glutathione s-transferase genes of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | in the present study, we cloned and sequenced the entire coding regions of two glutathione s-transferase (gst) genes encoding pxgsts and pxgste from the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae), along with their respective 5' and 3' flanking regions. the pxgsts gene was composed of four exons and three introns. based on amino acid identity with gst genes from other insects, this gene was classified as a member of the sigma class. the gene encoding pxgste had an intro ... | 0 | 20233073 |
| characterization of resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ac in plutella xylostella from china. | a field population (sz) of plutella xylostella, collected from the cabbage field in shenzhen, guangdong province of china in 2002, showed 2.3-fold resistance to cry1aa, 110-fold to cry1ab, 30-fold to cry1ac, 2.1-fold to cry1f, 5.3-fold to cry2aa and 6-fold resistance to bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (btk) compared with a susceptible strain (roth). the szbt strain was derived from the sz population through 20 generations of selection with activated cry1ac in the laboratory. while the szbt ... | 2010 | 20167218 |
| synthesis and fungicidal activity of aryl carbamic acid-5-aryl-2-furanmethyl ester. | chitin, a major structural component of insect cuticle and fungus cell wall but absent in plants and vertebrates, is regarded as a safe and selective target for pest control agents. chitin synthesis inhibitors (csis) have been well-known as insect growth regulators (igrs) but rarely found as fungicides in agriculture. to find novel csis with good activity, benzoylphenylurea, a typical kind of csis, was chosen as the lead compound and 26 novel aryl carbamic acid-5-aryl-2-furanmethyl esters were d ... | 2010 | 20151651 |
| insecticidal activity of recombinant avidin produced in yeast. | an expression construct encoding chicken (gallus gallus) avidin was assembled from amplified fragments of genomic dna. recombinant, functional avidin was produced in pichia pastoris, with yields of up to 80 mg/l of culture supernatant. the recombinant avidin had similar insecticidal activity to egg white avidin when assayed against larvae of a lepidopteran crop pest, cabbage moth (mamestra brassicae), causing >90% reduction in growth and 100% mortality when fed in optimised diets at levels of 1. ... | 2010 | 20132821 |
| assessing the susceptibility of cruciferous lepidoptera to cry1ba2 and cry1ca4 for future transgenic cruciferous vegetables. | advances in transgenic plants expressing bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal gene(s) offer a promising alternative to traditional insecticides for control of lepidopteran pests on important cruciferous vegetable crops such as cabbage and cauliflower. a public-private partnership, the collaboration on insect management for brassicas in asia and africa (cimbaa), was formed in 2005 with the goal of developing dual-gene bt cauliflower and cabbage, initially for india, to replace the use of broa ... | 2009 | 20069851 |
| mis-spliced transcripts of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha6 are associated with field evolved spinosad resistance in plutella xylostella (l.). | the evolution of insecticide resistance is a global constraint to agricultural production. spinosad is a new, low-environmental-risk insecticide that primarily targets nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachr) and is effective against a wide range of pest species. however, after only a few years of application, field evolved resistance emerged in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, an important pest of brassica crops worldwide. spinosad resistance in a hawaiian population results from a s ... | 2010 | 20062520 |
| comparative virulence of beauveria bassiana isolates against lepidopteran pests of vegetable crops. | forty-three isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana were screened for virulence against second-instar larvae of diamondback moth (plutella xylostella) (dbm), european corn borer (ostrinia nubilalis) (ecb), corn earworm (helicoverpa zea) (cew), and fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) (faw); 30 of these isolates were tested against beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua) (baw). highly virulent isolates were also tested against black cutworm (agrotis ipsilon) (bcw), and the most viru ... | 2010 | 20060396 |
| non-volatile intact indole glucosinolates are host recognition cues for ovipositing plutella xylostella. | the diamondback moth (plutella xylostella), a crucifer-specialist pest, has been documented to employ glucosinolates as host recognition cues for oviposition. through the use of mutant arabidopsis thaliana plants, we investigated the role of specific classes of glucosinolates in the signaling of oviposition by p. xylostella in vivo. indole glucosinolate production in a. thaliana was found to be crucial in attracting oviposition. additionally, indole glucosinolates functioned as oviposition cues ... | 2009 | 20054620 |
| a mathematical model of exposure of non-target lepidoptera to bt-maize pollen expressing cry1ab within europe. | genetically modified (gm) maize mon810 expresses a cry1ab insecticidal protein, derived from bacillus thuringiensis (bt), toxic to lepidopteran target pests such as ostrinia nubilalis. an environmental risk to non-target lepidoptera from this gm crop is exposure to harmful amounts of bt-containing pollen deposited on host plants in or near mon810 fields. an 11-parameter mathematical model analysed exposure of larvae of three non-target species: the butterflies inachis io (l.), vanessa atalanta ( ... | 2010 | 20053648 |
| synthesis and insecticidal activity of heptafluoroisopropyl-containing benzoylphenylurea structures. | fourteen novel heptafluoroisopropyl-containing benzoylphenylureas were designed and synthesized. their insecticidal activities against armyworm ( pseudaletia separata walker) were examined and compared with the commercial product diflubenzuron. three compounds (iii, iij, and iik) showed excellent insecticidal effect, and their activity resembled that of diflubenzuron. compound iii also showed nearly the same insecticidal activity as novaluron on african cotton leafworm ( spodoptera littoralis ). ... | 2010 | 20014763 |
| effects of an ascovirus (hvav-3e) on diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, and evidence for virus transmission by a larval parasitoid. | ascoviruses (avs) are pathogenic to lepidopteran larvae, and most commonly attack species in the noctuidae. the unique pathology includes cleavage of host cells into virion-containing vesicles which leads to the milky white colouration of the hemolymph as opposed to the clear hemolymph of healthy larvae. recently, we showed that a heliothis virescens av (hvav-3e) isolate is able to induce disease in crocidolomia pavonana f. (lepidoptera: crambidae), affecting feeding, growth and survival of infe ... | 2010 | 19931539 |
| varying responses of insect herbivores to altered plant chemistry under organic and conventional treatments. | the hypothesis that plants supplied with organic fertilizers are better defended against insect herbivores than those supplied with synthetic fertilizers was tested over two field seasons. organic and synthetic fertilizer treatments at two nitrogen concentrations were supplied to brassica plants, and their effects on the abundance of herbivore species and plant chemistry were assessed. the organic treatments also differed in fertilizer type: a green manure was used for the low-nitrogen treatment ... | 2010 | 19906673 |
| rapid cloning, identification, and application of one novel crystal protein gene cry30fa1 from bacillus thuringiensis. | in this study, a fast and efficient strategy has been developed for identifying and isolating novel cry genes from bacillus thuringiensis by combining the pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism and the single-oligonucleotide nested-pcr method. using this method, one novel holotype cry gene, cry30fa1, encoding a polypeptide of 687 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 77.1 kda, 74% identical to cry30aa1, was cloned from the b. thuringiensis strain btmc28. furthermore, the cry30fa1 ge ... | 2010 | 19895642 |
| construction of a recombinant bacillus velezensis strain as an integrated control agent against plant diseases and insect pests. | to construct a new recombinant strain of bacillus velezensis that has antifungal and insecticidal activity via the expression of the insecticidal bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein, a b. thuringiensis expression vector (pht1k-1ac) was generated that contained the b. thuringiensis cry1ac gene under the control of its endogenous promoter in a minimal e. coli-b. thuringiensis shuttle vector (pht1k). this vector was introduced into a b. velezensis isolate that showed high antifungal activities a ... | 2009 | 19884784 |
| effect of fermentation conditions on the enterotoxigenicity, cytotoxicity and pesticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated in taiwan. | a total of 75 bacillus thuringiensis strains, among them 62 of taiwan's microbiota, were screened for their enterotoxin genes, hemolysin bl activity and cytotoxicity. all the strains harbored enterotoxin genes and were cytotoxic to the cultivated chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. the hemolysin bl and cytotoxicity titers of the b. thuringiensis culture in casitone yeast sucrose (cys) broth were lower than those in brain heart infusion (bhi) broth, and when the b. thuringiensis strains were culti ... | 2010 | 19880313 |
| characterisation and expression of a novel holotype crystal protein gene, cry56aa1, from bacillus thuringiensis strain ywc2-8. | bacillus thuringiensis isolate ywc2-8, from soil in sichuan basin in western china, contains a spherical crystal harbouring two insecticidal crystal proteins with masses of 70 kda and 130 kda. a novel cry-type gene, encoding a 664 amino acid protein with 34% homology to cry29aa1, was found and cloned from this strain. this gene belongs to a novel holotype cry and is designated as cry56aa1. it was expressed in e. coli. insecticidal activity assays showed that recombinant cry56aa1 was toxic to bot ... | 2010 | 19838632 |
| phosphoinositide and inositolpolyphosphate signalling in defense responses of arabidopsis thaliana challenged by mechanical wounding. | various biochemical signals are implicated in arabidopsis wound signalling, including jasmonic acid (ja), salicylic acid, auxin, and ca2+. here, we report on cross-talk of phytohormones with phosphoinositide signals not previously implicated in plant wound responses. within 30 min of mechanical wounding of arabidopsis rosette-leaves, the levels of the lipid-derived soluble inositolpolyphosphate, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp(3)), increased four to five-fold. concomitantly, the precursor lip ... | 2008 | 19825537 |
| interaction between short-term heat pretreatment and avermectin on 2nd instar larvae of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (linn). | based on the cooperative virulence index (c.f.), the interaction effect between short-term heat pretreatment and avermectin on 2(nd) instar larvae of diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella (linnaeus), was assessed. the results suggested that the interaction results between short-term heat pretreatment and avermectin on the tested insects varied with temperature level as well as its duration and avermectin concentration. interaction between heat pretreatment at 30 degrees c and avermectin ma ... | 2009 | 19809544 |
| inhibition of lipoxygenase affects induction of both direct and indirect plant defences against herbivorous insects. | herbivore-induced plant defences influence the behaviour of insects associated with the plant. for biting-chewing herbivores the octadecanoid signal-transduction pathway has been suggested to play a key role in induced plant defence. to test this hypothesis in our plant-herbivore-parasitoid tritrophic system, we used phenidone, an inhibitor of the enzyme lipoxygenase (lox), that catalyses the initial step in the octadecanoid pathway. phenidone treatment of brussels sprouts plants reduced the acc ... | 2010 | 19806367 |
| competition and co-existence of zoophthora radicans and pandora blunckii, two co-occurring fungal pathogens of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | the entomopathogenic fungi zoophthora radicans and pandora blunckii co-occur in field populations of plutella xylostella and, therefore, are likely to interact during the infection process. we have investigated the possible outcomes of these interactions in the laboratory. using four isolates, two of each fungal species, inter-specific interaction experiments were done in petri dishes and on intact plants. in petri dish experiments, larvae were inoculated directly using sporulating mats of mycel ... | 2009 | 19765657 |
| validation of fixed sample size plans for monitoring lepidopteran pests of brassica oleracea crops in north korea. | the combined action of two lepidoteran pests, plutella xylostella l. (plutellidae) and pieris rapae l. (pieridae),causes significant yield losses in cabbage (brassica oleracea variety capitata) crops in the democratic people's republic of korea. integrated pest management (ipm) strategies for these cropping systems are in their infancy, and sampling plans have not yet been developed. we used statistical resampling to assess the performance of fixed sample size plans (ranging from 10 to 50 plants ... | 2009 | 19610455 |
| protease-resistant core form of bacillus thuringiensis cry1ie: monomeric and oligomeric forms in solution. | cry1ie is encoded by cry1ie, a gene that is silent in bacillus thuringiensis strains but can be over-expressed in escherichia coli. a protease-resistant core form of cry1ie with a molecular weight of approx. 55 kda was found among the products of trypsin digestion. the oligomer and monomer of the protease-resistant core form were purified separately. the oligomer fraction contained a small quantity of dimer and a large amount of aggregates larger than tetramers. the 50% lethal concentrations (lc ... | 2009 | 19590825 |
| testing and improving the effectiveness of trap crops for management of the diamondback moth plutella xylostella (l.): a laboratory-based study. | the aim of this study was to assess white mustard (sinapis alba l.) as a trap crop for diamondback moth [plutella xylostella (l.)] on cauliflower [brassica oleracea (l.) var. lateman]. moth behaviour on these plants and the importance of plant age and size in maintaining pest preference for trap crop plants were also investigated. | 2009 | 19588477 |
| ikb genes encoded in cotesia plutellae bracovirus suppress an antiviral response and enhance baculovirus pathogenicity against the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | an endoparasitoid wasp, cotesia plutellae, parasitizes larvae of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, with its symbiotic polydnavirus, c. plutellae bracovirus (cpbv). this study analyzed the role of inhibitor-kb (ikb)-like genes encoded in cpbv in suppressing host antiviral response. identified eight cpbv-ikbs are scattered on different viral genome segments and showed high homologies with other bracoviral ikbs in their amino acid sequences. compared to an insect ortholog (e.g., cactus of ... | 2009 | 19559708 |
| a mid-gut microbiota is not required for the pathogenicity of bacillus thuringiensis to diamondback moth larvae. | the mode of action of the entomopathogenic bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) remains a matter of debate. recent reports have claimed that aseptic lepidopteran hosts were not susceptible to bt and that inoculation with mid-gut bacteria restores pathogenicity. these claims are controversial because larvae were rendered aseptic by consuming antibiotics, although the effect of these antibiotics on bt was not examined. we tested the generality of the mid-gut bacteria hypothesis in the diamondback ... | 2009 | 19555371 |
| cold tolerance and overwintering of the diamondback moth (lepidoptera: plutellidae) in southeastern australia. | southeastern australia is situated in a temperate zone with generally mild winters. the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l., can be a serious pest of canola as well as of other brassica crops in this region. however, the ability of p. xylostella to overwinter in southeastern australia, as well as in other temperate regions of the world, remains controversial. laboratory experiments indicated that after 60 d in a temperature regimen alternating between 0 and 5 degrees c, 32% of third- and fo ... | 2009 | 19508760 |
| cathepsin l-like cysteine proteinase (dccathl) from delia coarctata (wheat bulb fly): basis of insecticidal activity. | a cdna encoding a cathepsin l-like cysteine proteinase (dccathl) was prepared from gut tissue of larvae of wheat bulb fly (delia coarctata: diptera). the predicted protein is a homologue of the product of drosophila melanogaster gene cp-1 (cg6692), and is similar to a sub-family of cysteine proteinases found in other insects which have roles in tissue remodelling during development, and moulting. recombinant dccathl was produced using the yeast pichia pastoris as expression host, and showed hydr ... | 2009 | 19481148 |
| jasmonic acid-induced volatiles of brassica oleracea attract parasitoids: effects of time and dose, and comparison with induction by herbivores. | caterpillar feeding induces direct and indirect defences in brassicaceous plants. this study focused on the role of the octadecanoid pathway in induced indirect defence in brassica oleracea. the effect of induction by exogenous application of jasmonic acid (ja) on the responses of brussels sprouts plants and on host-location behaviour of associated parasitoid wasps was studied. feeding by the biting-chewing herbivores pieris rapae and plutella xylostella resulted in significantly increased endog ... | 2009 | 19451186 |
| lactones from angiopteris caudatiformis. | angiopterlactones a (1) and b (2), two unique lactones, and three known lactones, osmundalactone (3), osmundalin (4), and 3,5-dihydroxy-gamma-caprolactone (5), have been isolated from the rhizome of angiopteris caudatiformis. the structures of 1 and 2 were determined by nmr and ms methods, and the structure of 2 was confirmed by x-ray crystallography. the absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were assigned by application of the cd excitation chirality method and the modified mosher's method. compou ... | 2009 | 19371069 |
| aerosol infectivity of a baculovirus to trichoplusia ni larvae: an alternative larval inoculation strategy for recombinant protein production. | the baculovirus-insect expression system is a popular tool for recombinant protein production. the standard method for infecting insect larvae with recombinant baculovirus for protein production involves either feeding occlusion bodies or injecting budded virus into the cuticle. in this study, we showed that the recombinant autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) at titers >10(8) pfu/ml efficiently infected trichoplusia ni (t. ni) larvae through aerosol inoculation of budde ... | 2009 | 19334290 |
| [relationship between structure and function of loops from bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal protein cry1ba]. | to indicate the relationship between structure and function of loops from bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal protein cry1ba, and the influence of amino acids mutation on toxicity against diamond back moth plutella xylostella, five mutations at the loops of cry1ba were constructed by overlapping primer pcr, and expressed in e. coli bl21 (de3). bioassay results showed that the toxicity of mutation m1 (loop1: 340wsntr344-deletion), compared with that of cry1ba (lc50 0.96 microg/ml), decrea ... | 2008 | 19160848 |
| [cloning and phylogenetic analysis of small subunit ribosomal rna core sequence of vairimorpha ceraces (microspora: burenellidae) from the insect of lepidoptera, cerace stipatana (walker)]. | vairimorpha ceraces is a new microsporidium that isolated from the insect of lepidoptera, cerace stipatana (walker). we used 16s rdna sequence to explore genetic status of vairimorpha ceraces. | 2008 | 19149157 |
| genetic characterization of resistance to deltamethrin in plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) from india. | the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae), is considered as one of the most difficult pests to control. it has developed resistance not only to synthetic insecticides but also to bacillus thuringiensis-based pesticides. we tested the hypothesis that selection in a p. xylostella population, from hosur, india, with deltamethrin would give a broad spectrum of resistance to several insecticides. we also were interested in genetically classifying resistance to deltamet ... | 2008 | 19133474 |
| cloning and characterization of a gaba receptor from plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | a full-length cdna, with an open reading frame (orf) of 1,449 bp, encoding a subunit of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba)-activated chloride channel was isolated from plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae) (genbank accession no. ef156251). the subunit gene encoded a 483-amino acid polypeptide that showed 84% sequence identity with dmrdl subunit (u02042) (drosophila melanogaster resistant to dieldrin). when expressed in xenopus laevis oocytes, the subunit assembled as a functional h ... | 2008 | 19133471 |
| comparative est analysis of a zoophthora radicans isolate derived from pieris brassicae and an isogenic strain adapted to plutella xylostella. | zoophthora radicans is an entomopathogenic fungus with the potential to be used as an insect biological control agent. to better understand the mechanisms used by z. radicans to infect different hosts, we generated expressed sequence tag (est) datasets from a z. radicans strain originally isolated from pieris brassicae, and an isogenic strain passaged through plutella xylostella. in total, 1839 ests were generated which clustered into 466 contigs and 433 singletons to provide a set of 899 unique ... | 2009 | 19118358 |
| effects of elevated carbon dioxide and ozone on volatile terpenoid emissions and multitrophic communication of transgenic insecticidal oilseed rape (brassica napus). | does transgenically incorporated insect resistance affect constitutive and herbivore-inducible terpenoid emissions and multitrophic communication under elevated atmospheric co(2) or ozone (o(3))? this study aimed to clarify the possible interactions between allocation to direct defences (bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxin production) and that to endogenous indirect defences under future climatic conditions. terpenoid emissions were measured from vegetative-stage non-bt and bt brassica napus grown ... | 2009 | 19076723 |
| cross-utilization and expression of outer membrane receptor proteins for siderophore uptake by diamondback moth plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) gut bacteria. | siderophore production by entomo- and phytopathogens, plus the cross-utilization of these siderophores and expression of outer membrane receptor proteins (omrps) by diamondback moth (dbm) gut bacterial strains, were all examined. all the tested strains grew in the presence of 2, 2'-dipyridyl, and the brachybacterium sp. psgb10, pseudomonas sp. prgb06, and serratia marcescens flgb16 strains were found to cross-utilize the siderophores of various entomopathogens, including bacillus thuringiensis. ... | 2008 | 19054090 |
| [modeling relationship between sequence characteristics of insecticidal crystal proteins and their inhibitory against plutella xylostella]. | the knowledge of the relationship between sequence characteristics of insecticidal crystal proteins (icp) and their inhibitory against plutella xylostella provided helpful information for the rational design of icp with desirable activity against plutella xylostella. the four key loops of icp with determined activities against plutella xylostella were selected to study the quantitative relationship between sequence characteristics and insecticidal activity. the first principle components' score ... | 2008 | 18998541 |
| isoprene interferes with the attraction of bodyguards by herbaceous plants. | isoprene is the most abundant volatile compound emitted by vegetation. it influences air chemistry and is part of plant defense against abiotic stresses. however, whether isoprene influences biotic interactions between plants and other organisms has not been investigated to date. here we show a new effect of isoprene, namely its influence on interactions between plants and insects. herbivory induces the release of plant volatiles that attract the herbivore's enemies, such as parasitic wasps, as ... | 2008 | 18987312 |
| increase in insecticidal toxicity by fusion of the cry1ac gene from bacillus thuringiensis with the neurotoxin gene hwtx-i. | a fusion gene was constructed by combining the cry1ac gene of bacillus thuringiensis strain 4.0718 with a neurotoxin gene, hwtx-1, which was synthesized chemically. in this process, an enterokinase recognition site sequence was inserted in frame between two genes, and the fusion gene, including the promoter and the terminator of the cry1ac gene, was cloned into the shuttle vector pht304 to obtain a new expression vector, pxl43. a 138-kda fusion protein was mass-expressed in the recombinant strai ... | 2009 | 18953606 |
| parasitic castration of plutella xylostella larvae induced by polydnaviruses and venom of cotesia vestalis and diadegma semiclausum. | in the present study, we used gamma-ray to irradiate the female parasitoids to make wasp eggs infertile, resulting in pseudoparasitization, which allowed the analysis of maternal secretions such as polydnaviruses (pdvs) and venom in the absence of larval secretions or teratocytes by the growing parasitoids. we then investigated the spermatogenesis and components of testicular proteins of male plutella xylostella larvae pseudoparasitized by two endoparasitoids (cotesia vestalis and diadegma semic ... | 2009 | 18949808 |
| changes in hemocytes of plutella xylostella after parasitism by diadegma semiclausum. | we examined the changes of hemocytes in the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae), due to parasitism by the endoparasitoid diadegma semiclausum (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae). necrosis of prohemocytes in different stages was observed while cell death was absent in the mature hemocytes in the parasitized larvae, which was related to the declined total hemocyte count per microliter (thc). thc in the host hemolymph declined sharply by 12 h post-parasitization and then remai ... | 2009 | 18949799 |
| differential toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis strains and their crystal toxins against high-altitude himalayan populations of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. | diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), is a major insect pest of crucifers in the biodiversity-rich north-western indian himalayan hills. the present investigation was aimed at determining the susceptibility pattern of p. xylostella populations collected from different locations of this region to autochthonous and standard bacillus thuringiensis strains. | 2009 | 18785222 |
| elevated atmospheric ozone increases concentration of insecticidal bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry1ac protein in bt brassica napus and reduces feeding of a bt target herbivore on the non-transgenic parent. | sustained cultivation of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) transgenic crops requires stable transgene expression under variable abiotic conditions. we studied the interactions of bt toxin production and chronic ozone exposure in bt cry1ac-transgenic oilseed rape and found that the insect resistance trait is robust under ozone elevations. bt cry1ac concentrations were higher in the leaves of bt oilseed rape grown under elevated ozone compared to control treatment, measured either per leaf fresh weight ... | 2009 | 18757127 |
| characterization of a novel cotesia vestalis polydnavirus (cvbv) gene containing a ser-rich motif expressed in plutella xylostella larvae. | cotesia vestalis is an endoparasitoid of plutella xylostella larvae and injects a polydnavirus (cvbv) into its host during oviposition. in this report we characterize the gene, cvbv3307, and its products. cvbv3307 is located on segment s33 of the cvbv genome, is 517 bp, and encodes a putative protein of 122 amino acids, including a serine-rich region. the expression pattern of cvbv3307 in parasitized larvae and the subcellular localization of cvbv3307 only in granulocytes indicated that it might ... | 2008 | 18755074 |
| recombinant bacillus thuringiensis strain shows high insecticidal activity against plutella xylostella and leptinotarsa decemlineata without affecting nontarget species in the field. | to construct a recombinant bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strain with broad insecticidal spectrum and investigate its impact on nontarget organisms in field. | 2008 | 18713287 |
| development of species-specific diagnostic primers for zoophthora radicans and pandora blunckii; two co-occurring fungal pathogens of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. | species-specific primers for zoophthora radicans and pandora bluckii were developed. to achieve this, partial sequences of dna that encode for rrna, more specifically, the its region (rdna-its) were obtained from different isolates and analysed. seven z. radicans isolates (four from p. xylostella, and three from other lepidopteran hosts) and one p. blunckii isolate (from p. xylostella) were used. these isolates were selected based on pcr-rflp patterns obtained from 22 isolates of p. blunckii and ... | 2008 | 18693001 |
| identification of receptors of main sex-pheromone components of three lepidopteran species. | male moths discriminate conspecific female-emitted sex pheromones. although the chemical components of sex pheromones have been identified in more than 500 moth species, only three components in bombyx mori and heliothis virescens have had their receptors identified. here we report the identification of receptors for the main sex-pheromone components in three moth species, plutella xylostella, mythimna separata and diaphania indica. we cloned putative sex-pheromone receptor genes pxor1, msor1 an ... | 2008 | 18691330 |
| [identification, cloning and expression of the insecticidal protein genes from bacillus thuringiensis isolate rpp39]. | we characterized strain rpp39 isolated from the soil of sichuan, china. a type of cry2aa gene was cloned and expressed in e. coli. methods; we characterized strain rpp39 by scanning electron microscope, pcr-rflp identification and sds-page analysis. we cloned cry2aa gene by pcr clone. we constructed the recombinant plasmid pet-2aa, and transformed e.coli.bl21 (de3) to express by iptg. we determined the toxicity of expressed products to the larvae of plutella xylostella and chilo supperssalis thr ... | 2008 | 18652304 |
| characterization of midgut trypsinogen-like cdna and enzymatic activity in plutella xylostella parasitized by cotesia vestalis or diadegma semiclausum. | protein digestion in insects is a result of the action of a complex of proteinases present in the midgut. in this report we describe the cloning and sequencing of a trypsin cdna from larvae of the lepidopteran herbivore plutella xylostella. we investigated the expression of this gene and enzymatic activity of its translation product with n-a-benzoyl-l-arginine p-nitroanilide (bapna) as substrate in p. xylostella larvae that were either unparasitized or parasitized by cotesia vestalis or diadegma ... | 2009 | 18618770 |
| genomic organization of the para-sodium channel alpha-subunit genes from the pyrethroid-resistant and -susceptible strains of the diamondback moth. | we examined the genomic organization of the para-sodium channel alpha-subunit gene of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.). the nucleotide sequence contained 34 putative exons, which covered almost the entire coding region of the gene producing 1,889 amino acid residues. deduced amino acid identity to the hscp locus of heliothis virescens was 84%. comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of the permethrin-resistant and -susceptible strains showed two substitutions other than kdr and ... | 2008 | 18615615 |
| the origins of replication of granuloviruses. | the genomes of eight granuloviruses (gvs), have been analyzed for the presence of homologous regions (hrs) that may act as origins of replication. thirteen 74-76-bp palindromes within 11 hrs have previously been identified in the cydia pomonella gv (cpgv) genome and found to replicate in an infection-dependent dna replication assay. we report a further palindrome within one of the hrs, which was found to replicate, bringing the total to 14 palindromes. we also report imperfect palindromes, with ... | 2008 | 18612587 |
| immunoevasive property of a polydnaviral product, cpbv-lectin, protects the parasitoid egg from hemocytic encapsulation of plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae). | immunosuppression is the main pathological symptom of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae), parasitized by an endoparasitoid wasp, cotesia plutellae (vestalis, hymenoptera: braconidae). c. plutellae bracovirus (cpbv), which is a symbiotic virus of c. plutellae, has been known to be the main parasitic factor in the host-parasitoid interaction. cpbv-lectin, encoded in the viral genome and expressed in p. xylostella during early parasitization stage, was suspected ... | 2008 | 18606166 |
| early season herbivore differentially affects plant defence responses to subsequently colonizing herbivores and their abundance in the field. | induction of plant defences by early season herbivores can mediate interspecific herbivore competition. we have investigated plant-mediated competition between three herbivorous insects through studies at different levels of biological integration. we have addressed (i) gene expression; (ii) insect behaviour and performance under laboratory conditions; and (iii) population dynamics under field conditions. we studied the expression of genes encoding a trypsin inhibitor and genes that are involved ... | 2008 | 18565114 |
| a functional f analogue of autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus gp64 from the agrotis segetum granulovirus. | the envelope fusion protein f of plutella xylostella granulovirus is a computational analogue of the gp64 envelope fusion protein of autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv). granulovirus (gv) f proteins were thought to be unable to functionally replace gp64 in the acmnpv pseudotyping system. in the present study the f protein of agrotis segetum gv (agsegv) was identified experimentally as the first functional gp64 analogue from gvs. agsef can rescue virion propagation and infectivit ... | 2008 | 18562524 |
| a critical assessment of the effects of bt transgenic plants on parasitoids. | the ecological safety of transgenic insecticidal plants expressing crystal proteins (cry toxins) from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) continues to be debated. much of the debate has focused on nontarget organisms, especially predators and parasitoids that help control populations of pest insects in many crops. although many studies have been conducted on predators, few reports have examined parasitoids but some of them have reported negative impacts. none of the previous reports were a ... | 2008 | 18523682 |
| differential expansion and evolution of the exon family encoding the serpin-1 reactive centre loop has resulted in divergent serpin repertoires among the lepidoptera. | serpins are a unique class of serine protease inhibitors that are becoming increasingly recognized as important regulators of insect defense mechanisms and developmental processes. previously, we identified three mamestra configurata serpins that were similar in structure to those encoded by the manduca sexta serpin-1 gene. to gain insight into the evolution and function of serpins in lepidopterans, we developed a bacterial artificial chromosome library and sequenced the entire m. configurata ge ... | 2008 | 18495381 |
| insecticidal effects of organotin(iv) compounds on plutella xylostella (l.) larvae. ii. inhibitory potencies against acetylcholinesterase and evidence for synergism in tests with bacillus thuringiensis(ber.) and malathion. | features of pesticide synergism and acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibition (in vitro) were studied using a selected range of organotin compounds against the early 4th instar larvae of a highly resistant strain of the diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella, a major universal pest of cruciferous vegetables.fourteen triorganotin compounds were evaluated for their ability to enhance the toxicity of the microbial insecticide, bacillus thuringiensis (bt) and of the commercial insecticide, malathi ... | 1994 | 18476213 |
| characterization of a protein tyrosine phosphatase gene cvbv202 from cotesia vestalis polydnavirus (cvbv). | cotesia vestalis (haliday) (hymenoptera: braconidae) is an endoparasitoid of the larval stage of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: plutellidae) and injects a polydnavirus (cvbv) into its host during oviposition. in this paper we characterize cvbv202 and its product. cvbv202 is located on segment s2 of cvbv genome; it has a size of 984 bp and encodes a putative protein of 328 amino acids, including protein phosphatase domain and tyrosine-specific protein phosphatase dom ... | 2008 | 18425572 |
| expression of a bacillus thuringiensis toxin (cry1ab) gene in cabbage (brassica oleracea l. var. capitata l.) chloroplasts confers high insecticidal efficacy against plutella xylostella. | chloroplast genetic engineering is an environmentally friendly approach, where the foreign integrated gene is often expressed at a higher level than nuclear transformation. the cry1ab gene was successfully transferred into the cabbage chloroplast genome in this study. the aada and cry1ab genes were inserted into the pascc201 vector and driven by the prrn promoter. the cabbage-specific plastid vectors were transferred into the chloroplasts of cabbage via particle gun mediated transformation. rege ... | 2008 | 18415072 |
| an abundant acyl-coa (delta9) desaturase transcript in pheromone glands of the cabbage moth, mamestra brassicae, encodes a catalytically inactive protein. | the principal sex pheromone component produced by females of the cabbage moth, mamestra brassicae, is derived from the monounsaturated fatty acid, z11-16:1, whereas two additional trace components are derived from e11-16:1 and z9-16:1. this report presents the isolation and analysis of cdnas encoding pheromone gland-specific acyl-coa desaturases implicated in the production of these unsaturated fatty acids (ufas). comparisons of the encoded amino acid sequences of four cdna fragments isolated by ... | 2008 | 18405835 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis of arabidopsis thaliana infested by diamond back moth (plutella xylostella) larvae reveals signatures of stress response, secondary metabolism, and signalling. | plants are exposed to attack from a large variety of herbivores. feeding insects can induce substantial changes of the host plant transcriptome. arabidopsis thaliana has been established as a relevant system for the discovery of genes associated with response to herbivory, including genes for specialized (i.e. secondary) metabolism as well as genes involved in plant-insect defence signalling. | 2008 | 18400103 |
| identification and regulation of tps04/ges, an arabidopsis geranyllinalool synthase catalyzing the first step in the formation of the insect-induced volatile c16-homoterpene tmtt. | volatile secondary metabolites emitted by plants contribute to plant-plant, plant-fungus, and plant-insect interactions. the c(16)-homoterpene tmtt (for 4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-1,3,7,11-tetraene) is emitted after herbivore attack by a wide variety of plant species, including arabidopsis thaliana, and is assumed to play a role in attracting predators or parasitoids of herbivores. tmtt has been suggested to be formed as a degradation product of the diterpene alcohol (e,e)-geranyllinalool. here, we ... | 2008 | 18398052 |
| new cell lines derived from the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon, that support replication of the a. ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus and several group i nucleopolyhedroviruses. | new cell lines were recently developed from the embryos of the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae). a primary culture was initiated from 4-day-old a. ipsilon eggs in excell420 medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum. this initial culture produced sufficient cell growth to allow subcultivation and eventually led to the establishment of eight distinct strains. two of these strains (aie1611t and aied6t) were selected for further characterization. extracts of these strains ... | 2008 | 18395741 |
| cross-resistance between a bacillus thuringiensis cry toxin and non-bt insecticides in the diamondback moth. | bacillus thuringiensis berliner (bt) crystal (cry) toxins are expressed in various transgenic crops and are also used as sprays in integrated pest management and organic agricultural systems. the diamondback moth (plutella xylostella l.) is a major worldwide pest of crucifer crops and one that has readily acquired field resistance to a broad range of insecticides. | 2008 | 18383197 |
| characterization of a novel gene encoding ankyrin repeat domain from cotesia vestalis polydnavirus (cvbv). | cotesia vestalis (haliday) is an endoparasitoid of plutella xylostella (l.) larvae and injects a polydnavirus (cvbv) into its host during oviposition. in this report we describe the characterization of a gene (cvbv805) and its products. cvbv805 is located on the segment s8 of cvbv genome; it has a size of 909 bp and encodes a predicted protein of 125 amino acids. this protein contains an ankyrin repeat domain with a high degree of similarity with ikappab-like genes. gene transcripts were detecte ... | 2008 | 18353418 |
| life table and temperature-dependent development of diadegma anurum (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae) on its host plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | life table and temperature-dependent development of diadegma anurum (thomson) (hymenoptera: ichneumonidae) was studied on diamondback moth, plutella xylostella l. (lepidoptera: plutellidae) reared on cabbage, brassica oleracea l. variety capitata, and cauliflower, brassica oleracea l. variety botrytis. the developmental periods of immature stages were recorded at five constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees c). the population of d. anurum and its host failed to survive at 35 degree ... | 2008 | 18348794 |
| quantifying the reproduction of bacillus thuringiensis hd1 in cadavers and live larvae of plutella xylostella. | the bacillus cereus group comprises a range of micro-organisms with diverse habits, including gut commensals, opportunistic pathogens and soil saprophytes. using quantitative microbiological methods we tested whether bacillus thuringiensis (bt) could reproduce in cadavers of plutella xylostella killed by bt, or in the gut of live insects, or be transmitted vertically from females to their offspring. we also tested whether diverse bt strains could grow in high nutrient broth at a ph similar to th ... | 2008 | 18336832 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel cry1a toxin from bacillus thuringiensis with high toxicity to the asian corn borer and other lepidopteran insects. | a novel cry1a was cloned from bacillus thuringiensis strain bt8 and expressed in the b. thuringiensis acrystalliferous mutant hd73(-). the gene, designated cry1ah1, encoded a protein with a molecular weight of 134 kda. reverse transcriptase-pcr and western blotting showed that cry1ah was expressed in the host strain bt8. the toxin expressed in hd73(-) exhibited high toxicity against lepidopteran larvae of ostrinia furnacalis, helicoverpa armigera, chilo suppressalis, and plutella xylostella. the ... | 2008 | 18248430 |
| performance of generalist and specialist herbivores and their endoparasitoids differs on cultivated and wild brassica populations. | through artificial selection, domesticated plants often contain modified levels of primary and secondary metabolites compared to their wild progenitors. it is hypothesized that the changed chemistry of cultivated plants will affect the performance of insects associated with these plants. in this paper, the development of several specialist and generalist herbivores and their endoparasitoids were compared when reared on a wild and cultivated population of cabbage, brassica oleracea, and a recentl ... | 2008 | 18231835 |
| the effects of local selection versus dispersal on insecticide resistance patterns: longitudinal evidence from diamondback moth (plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae)) in australia evolving resistance to pyrethroids. | when strong directional selection acts on a trait, the spatial distribution of phenotypes may reflect effects of selection, as well as the spread of favoured genotypes by gene flow. here we investigate the relative impact of these factors by assessing resistance to synthetic pyrethroids in a 12-year study of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella, from southern australia. we estimated resistance levels in populations from brassicaceous weeds, canola, forage crops and vegetables. differences in re ... | 2008 | 18211723 |
| the influence of different nutrient levels on insect-induced plant volatiles in bt and conventional oilseed rape plants. | transgenic bt (expressing the cry1ac endotoxin gene) and conventional oilseed rape plants grown in different soils were used to study nutrient uptake and emission of volatiles after herbivore damage. all plants were greenhouse-grown in soils representing low-, medium- and high-nutrient levels. the concentrations of n, p, k, mg and zn were significantly affected by the transgene, while the main effect of soil type appeared in n, p, ca, mg, b, mn and zn concentrations in the plants. plants with fo ... | 2008 | 18211550 |
| genetic mapping of bt-toxin binding proteins in a cry1a-toxin resistant strain of diamondback moth plutella xylostella. | a major mechanism of resistance to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) toxins in lepidoptera is a reduction of toxin binding to sites in the midgut membrane. genetic studies of three different species have shown that mutations in a candidate bt receptor, a 12-cadherin-domain protein, confer cry1a toxin resistance. despite a similar resistance profile in a fourth lepidopteran species, plutella xylostella, we have previously shown that the cadherin orthologue maps to a different linkage group (lg8) than c ... | 2008 | 18207074 |
| characterization of plant growth-promoting traits of bacteria isolated from larval guts of diamondback moth plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae). | eight bacterial isolates from the larval guts of diamondback moths (plutella xylostella) were tested for their plant growth-promoting (pgp) traits and effects on early plant growth. all of the strains tested positive for nitrogen fixation and indole 3-acetic acid (iaa) and salicylic acid production but negative for hydrogen cyanide and pectinase production. in addition, five of the isolates exhibited significant levels of tricalcium phosphate and zinc oxide solubilization; six isolates were able ... | 2008 | 18172718 |
| interspecific competition between diadegma semiclausum hellen and diadegma mollipla (holmgren), parasitoids of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l), feeding on a new host plant. | interspecific competition between an introduced parasitoid species aimed at controlling a herbivorous pest species and a native parasitoid parasitising the same host may influence the success of classical biological control programmes. in kenya, interspecific competition between an introduced and a local parasitoid on two diamondback moth populations (dbm, plutella xylostella) was investigated on two different host plants. we tested simultaneous and delayed competition of the local parasitoid di ... | 2008 | 18062837 |
| isolation and characterization of strain of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae containing two novel cry1-type toxin genes. | to identify novel crystal proteins, bacillus thuringiensis 2385-1 was isolated from korean soil samples and characterized. the h-serotype of 2385-1 was identical to that of subsp. kenyae (h4a4c), and its crystal toxin was bipyramidal-shaped. however, 2385-1 showed a much higher toxicity towards plutella xylostella and spodoptera exigua larvae than subsp. kenyae. in addition, the crystal protein profile and plasmid dna pattern of 2385-1 differed from those of subsp. kenyae. to verify the crystal ... | 2007 | 18062228 |
| identification and molecular characterization of novel cry1-type toxin genes from bacillus thuringiensis k1 isolated in korea. | to clone novel cry1-type genes from the bacillus thuringiensis k1 isolate, about 2.4-kb-long pcr fragments were amplified with two primer sets of atg1-f/n400-r and 1beatg1-f/n400-r. using pcr-rflp, three novel cry1-type genes, cry1-1, cry1-7, and cry1-44, were obtained from b. thuringiensis k1 and the complete coding sequences of these novel genes were analyzed. the cry1-1, cry1-7, and cry1-44 proteins showed maximum similarities of about 78.0%, 99.7%, and 91.0% with the cry1ha1, cry1be1, and cr ... | 2007 | 18051348 |
| characterization of two genes of cotesia vestalis polydnavirus and their expression patterns in the host plutella xylostella. | cotesia vestalis is an endoparasitoid of larval stages of plutella xylostella, the diamondback moth. for successful parasitization, this parasitoid injects a polydnavirus into its host during oviposition. here we isolated two genes, which we named cvbv1 and cvbv2. cvbv1 was located on segment cvbv-s5 with a size of 790 bp, while cvbv2 was located on segment cvbv-s51 with a size of 459 bp. a gene copy of cvbv2 was found on segment cvbv-s48, which we name cvbv2'. gene duplication occurred in both ... | 2007 | 18024901 |
| sequential transformation to pyramid two bt genes in vegetable indian mustard (brassica juncea l.) and its potential for control of diamondback moth larvae. | vegetable indian mustard (brassica juncea cv. "green wave") plants that control plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) (dbm) were produced by introduction of one or two bacillus thuringiensis (bt) genes. a cry1ac bt gene associated with the nptii gene for kanamycin selection or a cry1c bt gene with the hpt gene for hygromycin selection was introduced individually through agrobacterium-mediated transformation of seedling explants. a cry1c line was then transformed with the cry1ac gene to produce ... | 2008 | 17989981 |
| cultivable bacteria associated with larval gut of prothiofos-resistant, prothiofos-susceptible and field-caught populations of diamondback moth, plutella xylostella and their potential for, antagonism towards entomopathogenic fungi and host insect nutrition. | to evaluate whether the gut bacteria of insecticide-resistant, insecticide-susceptible and field-caught populations of the lepidopteran insect pest diamondback moth (dbm)--plutella xylostella (l.)--are variable and their role in host protection and nutrition. | 2007 | 17973916 |
| the insecticidal crystal protein cry2ab10 from bacillus thuringiensis: cloning, expression, and structure simulation. | the cry2ab-type gene was cloned from bacillus thuringiensis and designated as cry2ab10. the recombinant cry2ab10 protein expressed in e. coli cells shows high toxicity against plutella xylostella. the protein structure was constructed by homology modeling, and the receptor-binding sites were predicted by a molecular docking method. | 2008 | 17973088 |
| the role of ozone-reactive compounds, terpenes, and green leaf volatiles (glvs), in the orientation of cotesia plutellae. | the emission of inducible volatile organic compounds (vocs), i.e., inducible terpenes, and green leaf volatiles (glvs), is a common response of plants to herbivore attack. these vocs are involved in the orientation of natural enemies, i.e., predators and parasitoids, toward their herbivore prey or hosts (indirect defense of plants). terpenes and some glvs are readily oxidized by ozone (o(3)), an important oxidant of the low atmosphere and predicted to increase as a result of anthropogenic activi ... | 2007 | 17968627 |
| effect of the presence of a nonhost herbivore on the response of the aphid parasitoid diaeretiella rapae to host-infested cabbage plants. | the vast majority of studies of plant indirect defense strategies have considered simple tritrophic systems that involve plant responses to attack by a single herbivore species. however, responses by predators and parasitoids to specific, herbivore-induced, volatile blends could be compromised when two or more different herbivores are feeding on the same plant. in y-tube olfactometer studies, we investigated the responses of an aphid parasitoid, diaeretiella rapae (mcintosh) (hymenoptera: bracon ... | 2007 | 17968626 |
| constitutive and herbivore-inducible glucosinolate concentrations in oilseed rape (brassica napus) leaves are not affected by bt cry1ac insertion but change under elevated atmospheric co2 and o3. | glucosinolates are plant secondary compounds involved in direct chemical defence by cruciferous plants against herbivores. the glucosinolate profile can be affected by abiotic and biotic environmental stimuli. we studied changes in glucosinolate patterns in leaves of non-transgenic oilseed rape (brassica napus ssp. oleifera) under elevated atmospheric co2 or ozone (o3) concentrations and compared them with those from transgenic for herbivore-resistance (bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac endotoxin), ... | 2008 | 17922289 |
| tri-trophic consequences of uv-b exposure: plants, herbivores and parasitoids. | in this paper we demonstrate a uv-b-mediated link between host plants, herbivores and their parasitoids, using a model system consisting of a host plant brassica oleracea, a herbivore plutella xylostella and its parasitoid cotesia plutellae. ultraviolet-b radiation (uv-b) is a potent elicitor of a variety of changes in the chemistry, morphology and physiology of plants and animals. recent studies have demonstrated that common signals, such as jasmonic acid (ja), play important roles in the mecha ... | 2007 | 17891418 |
| preparation of aromatic beta-selenolactams and their bioactivities as agricultural chemicals. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of aromatic beta-selenolactams being used in agricultural chemicals. a series of beta-selenolactams with aromatic substituents at the 1-, 2- and 3-positions were synthesized and their bioactivities were evaluated. acarianicidal and insecticidal activity against common destructive insects, antibacterial activity against seven common plant pathogens, and plant growth activity of typical food crops were investigated. we found that introdu ... | 2007 | 17879745 |
| identification of vip3a-type genes from bacillus thuringiensis strains and characterization of a novel vip3a-type gene. | to search for novel vip3a proteins for controlling insect pests. | 2007 | 17868317 |
| methyl salicylate, identified as primary odorant of a specific receptor neuron type, inhibits oviposition by the moth mamestra brassicae l. (lepidoptera, noctuidae). | the cabbage moth, mamestra brassicae l. (lepidoptera, noctuidae), is a polyphagous species that is often choosing plants of brassica as hosts for oviposition. in the search for biologically relevant odorants used by these moths, gas chromatography linked to electrophysiological recordings from single receptor neurons (rns) has been employed, resulting in classification of distinct types of neurons. this study presents specific olfactory rns responding to methyl salicylate (mes) as primary odoran ... | 2008 | 17846100 |
| [expression and insecticidal activity of a novel gene cry2ab4 from bacillus thuringiensis strain b-pr-88]. | the full length cry2ab gene was cloned by pcr-rflp method from bt strain b-pr-88, which was isolated in china with high toxicity to the lepidopteran insect pests. nucleic acid sequence analysis showed that this gene was 1902 base pairs encoding 633 amino acids. this cry gene was named cry2ab4 as a novel gene by bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxin nomenclature committee. the full open reading frame sequence of the cry2ab4 gene was amplified with a pair of pcr primers l2ab5/l2ab3 designed accor ... | 2007 | 17822035 |
| time allocation of a parasitoid foraging in heterogeneous vegetation: implications for host-parasitoid interactions. | 1. changing plant composition in a community can have profound consequences for herbivore and parasitoid population dynamics. to understand such effects, studies are needed that unravel the underlying behavioural decisions determining the responses of parasitoids to complex habitats. 2. the searching behaviour of the parasitoid diadegma semiclausum was followed in environments with different plant species composition. in the middle of these environments, two brassica oleracea plants infested by ... | 2007 | 17714262 |
| transient expression of protein tyrosine phosphatases encoded in cotesia plutellae bracovirus inhibits insect cellular immune responses. | several immunosuppressive factors are associated with parasitism of an endoparasitoid wasp, cotesia plutellae, on the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella. c. plutellae bracovirus (cpbv) encodes a large number of putative protein tyrosine phosphatases (ptps), which may play a role in inhibiting host cellular immunity. to address this inhibitory hypothesis of cpbv-ptps, we performed transient expression of individual cpbv-ptps in hemocytes of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua, and analyzed th ... | 2008 | 17646950 |
| detection of parasitism in diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.), using differential melanization and coagulation reactions. | diamondback moth (dbm), plutella xylostella, is known for causing damage to brassica crops and developing resistance to chemical and biological pesticides; it has become one of the most difficult pests to manage in many regions around the world. the only way to reduce reliance on pesticides is to maximize the role of natural control agents for integrated pest management programs and be able to incorporate the mortality from control agents into pest control decision-making. more than 90 hymenopte ... | 2007 | 17645821 |
| impact of an exotic parasitoid on plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) population dynamics, damage and indigenous natural enemies in kenya. | diadegma semiclausum (hellén) (hymenoptera: lchneumonidae), an exotic diamondback moth parasitoid, was released in two pilot areas (werugha in coast region and tharuni in central province) in kenya. fifteen month before release, observations on the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (linnaeus), and local natural enemy population dynamics and pest damage were initiated in both areas and continued for three years after release. the p. xylostella population was bimodal with higher records during ... | 2007 | 17645815 |
| geographical variation in larval susceptibility of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) to bacillus thuringiensis spore-crystal mixtures and purified crystal proteins and associated resistance development in india. | the susceptibility of larvae of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella linnaeus to purified crystal proteins and spore-crystal preparations of bacillus thuringiensis was investigated for 13 populations from seven states in india. the lc50 (microg ml(-1), 48 h) values of cry proteins for different populations of p. xylostella ranged from 0.14-3.74 (cry1aa), 0.007-1.25 (cry1ab), 0.18-2.47 (cry1ac) and 0.12-3.0 (cry1c). the lc50 (mg (ai) l(-1), 48 h) of spore-crystal preparations ranged from 0.0 ... | 2002 | 17598300 |
| mapping of qtl for resistance against the crucifer specialist herbivore pieris brassicae in a new arabidopsis inbred line population, da(1)-12 x ei-2. | in arabidopsis thaliana and other crucifers, the glucosinolate-myrosinase system contributes to resistance against herbivory by generalist insects. as yet, it is unclear how crucifers defend themselves against crucifer-specialist insect herbivores. | 2007 | 17593977 |
| expression of two methionine-rich storage protein genes of plutella xylostella (l.) in response to development, juvenile hormone-analog and pyrethroid. | we cloned and characterized cdna of two storage protein (sp) genes, pxsp1 and pxsp2, from the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae) and investigated their expression. pxsp1 and pxsp2 each encoded a putative protein of 91 kda. nucleotide and deduced amino acid identities between the two genes were 79% and 82%, respectively. amino acid composition (methionine>4%), sequence homology with other insect storage proteins and the phylogenetic analysis suggested that the gene ... | 2007 | 17561427 |
| binding of bacillus thuringiensis cry1a toxins to brush border membrane vesicles of midgut from cry1ac susceptible and resistant plutella xylostella. | plutella xylostella strain resistant (pxr) to bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxin was not killed at even more than 1000 microg cry1ac/g diet but killed by cry1ab at 0.5 microg/g diet. in contrast, susceptible strain (pxs) was killed by cry1ac at 1 microg/g diet. cy3-labeld cry1a(s) binding to brush border membrane vesicles (bbmv) prepared from both strains were analyzed with direct binding assay. the kd value of cry1aa to both bbmv was almost identical: 213.2 and 205.8 nm, and 263.5 and 265.0 nm ... | 2007 | 17543562 |
| the diversity of bt resistance genes in species of lepidoptera. | although the mode of action of cry1a toxins produced by bacillus thuringiensis is fairly well understood, knowledge of the molecular mechanisms by which lepidopteran species have evolved resistance to them is still in its infancy. the most common type of resistance has been called "mode 1" and is characterized by recessive inheritance, >500-fold resistance to and reduced binding by at least one cry1a toxin, and negligible cross-resistance to cry1c. in three lepidopteran species, heliothis viresc ... | 2007 | 17482643 |