Publications

bio-based polyurethane reinforced with cellulose nanofibers: a comprehensive investigation on the effect of interface.	novel bio-based polyurethane (pu) nanocomposites composed of cellulose nanofiller extracted from the rachis of date palm tree and polycaprolactone (pcl) diol based pu were prepared by casting/evaporation. two types of nanofiber were used: cellulose nanofibrils (cnfs) and cellulose nanocrystals (cncs). the mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposite films were studied by dma, dsc, and tensile tests and the morphology was investigated by sem. bionanocomposites presented good mechanical ...	2015	25817660
antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties of phenolic acid and flavonol fractions of fruits of 'amari' and 'hallawi' date (phoenix dactylifera l.) varieties.	date (phoenix dactylifera l.) fruit phenolic-acid or flavonol fractions were examined in vitro for antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties. two fractions of each subgroup were prepared from two date varieties, 'amari' and 'hallawi', by solid phase extraction on c18. the fractions were analyzed for phenolics composition by rp-hplc and tested for ferric-reducing antioxidant power, free radical scavenging capacity, inhibition of cu(2+)-induced ldl oxidation, and enhancement of hdl-mediated chole ...	2015	25765921
african palm ethno-medicine.	this study is the first to demonstrate the breadth and patterns of the medicinal applications of african palms. it sheds light on species with the potential to provide new therapeutic agents for use in biomedicine; and links the gap between traditional use of palms and pharmacological evaluation for the beneficial effects of palm products on human health. last but not least, the study provides recommendations for the areas that should be targeted in future ethno-botanical surveys.	2015	25749399
study of phenolic compound and antioxidant activity of date fruit as a function of ripening stages and drying process.	edible parts of two varieties of date palm (mazfati and kalute varieties) (phoenix dactylifera) fruits (dpf) from iran were analyzed to determine their phenolic compound and antioxidant activities (aa). antioxidant activity evaluated using typical methods such as 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph), reducing power and total antioxidant method. the total phenolic content (tpc) of the dpf was measured using folin-ciocalteau method. the samples used in this study included samples were gathered at ...	2015	25745262
effect of date (phoenix dactylifera l.) seed extract on stability of olive oil.	in this study, the antioxidant effect of date (phoenix dactylifera l., arecaceae) seed extracts at different concentrations (0.5 %, 1.0 % and 1.5 %) on the oxidative stability of olive oil at 60 °c was determined. butylated hydroxyanisole (bha) was used as positive control in the experiment. all extracts exhibited antioxidant activity compared to bha up to 21 days. when antioxidant effect of extract concentrations were compared with bha, the effect of 0.5 % extract concentration was more remarka ...	2015	25694743
profiling microrna expression during multi-staged date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) fruit development.	micrornas (mirnas) play crucial roles in multiple stages of plant development and regulate gene expression at posttranscriptional and translational levels. in this study, we first identified 238 conserved mirnas in date palm (phoenix dactylifera) based on a high-quality genome assembly and defined 78 fruit-development-associated (fda) mirnas, whose expression profiles are variable at different fruit development stages. using experimental data, we subsequently detected 276 novel p. dactylifera-sp ...	2015	25638647
chemical composition and antioxidant activity of seed oil of two algerian date palm cultivars (phoenix dactylifera).	the fatty acid composition of date seed oil from two different date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) cultivars, locally known as degla-baïdha and tafezouine, were investigated. gc analysis revealed the presence of five dominant fatty acids: oleic c18:1 (46.51; 39.15%), lauric c12:0 (22.1; 28.5%), myristic c14:0 (10.7; 11.4%), palmitic c16:0 (9.6; 8.7%) and linoleic c18:2 (6.9; 6.1%). the oils was characterised by a low content of tocopherols (0.53; 1.41 μg/g). the antioxidant activity of the oils w ...	2014	25632483
phoenix dactylifera seeds ameliorate early diabetic complications in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.	in arabic folk medicine, the seeds of phoenix dactylifera l. (arecaceae) have been used to manage diabetes for many years. few studies have reported the antidiabetic effect of p. dactylifera seeds; however, their effect on diabetic complications is still unexplored.	2015	25612778
modeling the effects of climate on date palm scale (parlatoria blanchardi) population dynamics during different phenological stages of life history under hot arid conditions.	the date palm scale (dps) parlatoria blanchardi is a serious pest due to the damage it inflicts on its host tree (phoenix dactylifera). to develop an effective control against dps in arid regions, it is essential to know its bio-ecology including population dynamics and climatic factors influencing the duration and timing of life history and also the densities of different phenological stages (crawlers, first and second instars nymphs, adult males, and adult females). monitoring of biological cy ...	2015	25601782
proanthocyanidin-rich date seed extract protects against chemically induced hepatorenal toxicity.	a hydroacetone extract was prepared from seeds of phoenix dactylifera l. var. khalas, which is an industrial by-product of date processing. the proanthocyanidin nature of the extract (coded as dtx) was characterized by phytochemical and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) analyses. the total phenol/proanthocyanidin content and antioxidant activity of dtx were estimated by folin-ciocalteu, vanillin-sulfuric acid, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) assays, respectively. the hepatorenal protecti ...	2015	25569813
genome-wide survey of the seagrass zostera muelleri suggests modification of the ethylene signalling network.	seagrasses are flowering plants which grow fully submerged in the marine environment. they have evolved a range of adaptations to environmental challenges including light attenuation through water, the physical stress of wave action and tidal currents, high concentrations of salt, oxygen deficiency in marine sediment, and water-borne pollination. although, seagrasses are a key stone species of the costal ecosystems, many questions regarding seagrass biology and evolution remain unanswered. genom ...	2015	25563969
inhibitory effect of double atmospheric pressure argon cold plasma on spores and mycotoxin production of aspergillus niger contaminating date palm fruits.	aspergillus niger has been reported as a potentially dangerous pathogen of date-palm fruits in saudi arabia due to the production of fumonisin b2 (fb2 ) and ochratoxin a (ota). in a trial to disinfect this product, a double atmospheric pressure argon cold plasma (dapacp) jet system was set up and evaluated against spore germination and mycotoxin production of the pathogen.	2015	25557283
antioxidant potential of date (phoenix dactylifera l.) seed protein hydrolysates and carnosine in food and biological systems.	date seed protein hydrolysates were evaluated for antioxidant activity as well as solubility and water-holding capacity in food and biological model systems. date seed protein hydrolysates as well as carnosine exhibited >80% of solubility over a ph range of 2-12. the hydrolysates and carnosine at 0.5% (w/w) were also found to be effective in enhancing water-holding capacity and cooking yield in a fish model system, which was nearly similar to sodium tripolyphosphate (stpp; 0.3%, w/w). incorporat ...	2015	25553507
seasonal and nocturnal activities of the rhinoceros borer (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) in the north saharan oases ecosystems.	the rhinoceros borer oryctes agamemnon burmeister (coleoptera: scarabaeidae) is a date palm insect pest that causes damage to trunk and roots of palm trees in several countries, including tunisia, the united arab emirates (uae), oman, and saudi arabia. the aim of this study was to monitor the seasonal and nocturnal activities of this beetle. experiments were performed on a date palm of rjim maatoug during a 6-yr period (2004-2007, 2009-2010). field survey using light traps shows that o. agamemno ...	2014	25527574
dna barcoding for species identification in the palmae family.	dna barcoding is a promising tool for species identification at the molecular level. the barcoding system is well established for species differentiation in animals, while it is less common in plants. we evaluated 2 barcoding regions, maturase k (matk) and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcl), to compare species of palmae according to amplification success, discrimination power, and inter- and intra-specific divergence. both regions appear to have potential to discriminate most species of pa ...	2014	25501246
antioxidant activity of various mauritanian date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) fruits at two edible ripening stages.	the increasing interest in plant phenolics and flavonoids outlined the necessity of determining their contents and biological activity in mauritanian date palm fruits. methanolic extracts of fruit of six date palm cultivars commonly grown in mauritania were screened for their antioxidant activity, total phenolics, and flavonoid content at two edible ripening stages. polyphenols and flavonoids were higher in theblah stage, corresponding tokhalal in the standard iraqi arabic nomenclature, compared ...	2014	25493188
chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and mineral extractability of sudanese date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) fruits.	the aim of the present work was to investigate the chemical composition, mineral extractability, and antioxidant capacity of six date palm varieties grown in sudan. the results showed that sudanese date varieties contained significantly different (p < 0.05) amounts of moisture, ash, fiber, oil, and carbohydrates, but have almost similar amounts of protein. moreover, results revealed that date varieties contained significantly varied (p < 0.05) amounts of total polyphenols and total flavonoids, w ...	2014	25473506
cultivation of oyster mushroom pleurotus ostreatus on date-palm leaves mixed with other agro-wastes in saudi arabia.	promoting the use of agricultural waste is one of the newly prepared water and environment friendly agriculture strategies in the kingdom of saudi arabia (ksa). the objective of this research was to study the efficiency of cultivating oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) on date palm wastes mixed with other agricultural wastes available in ksa. four agricultural wastes were mixed with date palm leaves at different ratios, with two supplements and three spawn rates were used. wheat straw mixed w ...	2014	25473372
effects of date palm pollen (phoenix dactylifera l.) and astragalus ovinus on sperm parameters and sex hormones in adult male rats.	date palm pollen (dpp) and astragalus genus are used in some countries for the treatment of infertility.	2014	25469129
enzymatic activities in different strains isolated from healthy and brittle leaf disease affected date palm leaves: study of amylase production conditions.	the present study aimed to investigate and compare the enzymatic production of endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy and brittle leaf disease affected date palm leaves (pectinase, cellulase, lipase, and amylase). the findings revealed that the enzymatic products from the bacterial isolates of healthy date palm leaves were primarily 33% amylolytic enzyme, 33 % cellulase, 25 % pectinase, and 25 % lipase. the isolates from brittle leaf disease date palm leaves, on the other hand, were noted to ...	2015	25432343
koh-based porous carbon from date palm seed: preparation, characterization, and application to phenol adsorption.	the date palm seed being one of the major forms of biomass produced from the date industry in uae, its potential to be an appropriate precursor for the preparation of porous carbon utilizing koh as an activating agent is assessed in the present work. the porous carbon is prepared at an activation temperature of 600 °c, impregnation ratio of 2, and activation duration of 1 hour, in an inert atmosphere using a conventional horizontal furnace. the resultant porous carbon has a brunauer-emmett-telle ...	2014	25429451
two culture approaches used to determine the co-composting stages by assess of the total microflora changes during sewage sludge and date palm waste co-composting.	indigenous microflora community changes during six months of co-composting of activated sewage sludge and date palm waste was investigated using two different culture approaches. in order to evaluate the co-composting process evolution for mixture a and b, growth standard media (gsm) and compost time extract agar (ctea) are used. enumeration for indigenous flora abundance on gsm medium shows that the colony-forming unit (cfu) total number was 100 fold higher than on ctea. the thermophilic phase ...	2014	25419463
biology, predation, and life table of cydnoseius negevi and neoseiulus barkeri (acari: phytoseiidae) on the old world date mite, oligonychus afrasiaticus (acari: tetranychidae).	the old world date mite, oligonychus afrasiaticus (mcgregor) (acari: tetranychidae) is a severe spider mite pest of date palm in most of the middle east and north africa. considering that nothing is known about the performance of phytoseiid predators against o. afrasiaticus, biology, predation, and life table parameters of cydnoseius negevi (swirski and amitai) and neoseiulus barkeri hughes (acari: phytoseiidae), collected from date palm orchards, were studied under laboratory conditions (25, 35 ...	2014	25368087
effect of date palm coproducts and annatto extract on lipid oxidation and microbial quality in a pork liver pâté.	dates are an interesting source of bioactive compounds, and coproducts from the date industry are of potential use in the manufacturing of meat products. in the present research, spreadable pork liver pâtés were made using fresh date coproducts (2.5% and 7.5%) as a potential functional ingredient and an ethanolic annatto extract (128 mg/kg) as colorant. the effect of these 2 ingredients on the lipid oxidation and microbial quality of the pâtés was assessed during 21 d of storage. the pâtés conta ...	2014	25349917
direct in vivo evidence of immense stem water exploitation in irrigated date palms.	during the summer, evaporative demand at midday often exceeds the transport capacity of most desert plants. however, date palms maintain their ecological dominance with sustained and uniquely high rates of transpiration. this high rate of flow cannot be attributed to soil water supply alone. in order to quantify intra-plant water allocation in irrigated date palms, three water-sensing techniques have been incorporated: heat dissipation, gravimetric sampling, and time domain reflectrometry. each ...	2015	25336690
nutritional assessment and antioxidant analysis of 22 date palm (phoenix dactylifera) varieties growing in sultanate of oman.	to assess the nutritional values and antioxidant analysis of 22 varieties of date palm (phoenix dactylifera) fruit collected from various regions of the sultanate of oman.	2014	25312188
in silico mining of microsatellites in coding sequences of the date palm (arecaceae) genome, characterization, and transferability.		2014	25202594
genetic transformation of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l. cv. 'estamaran') via particle bombardment.	in this study, an efficient transformation system for gene delivery in date palm was established. the effects of different physical and biological parameters were optimized for transient transformation of uida gene in somatic embryos of estamaran cultivar. the tissues were bombarded with constructs harboring the uida gene driven by camv 35s or rice act1 promoter. efficiency of expression was estimated by comparison of the number of blue spots resulted from gus assay. optimal transient expression ...	2014	25200434
study on life parameters of the invasive species octodonta nipae (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) on different palm species, under laboratory conditions.	in southeastern china, the invasion of the nipa palm hispid octodonta nipae (maulik) (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) results in devastating damage to palms. host plants play an important role in the population increases and outbreaks of o. nipae. o. nipae could not complete its development on the majestic palm (ravenea rivularis jumelle & perrier), and females did not lay eggs on chinese fan palm (livistona chinensis r. brown). however, this insect species both completed development and laid eggs on ...	2014	25195440
comparative susceptibilities of different life stages of the red palm weevil (coleoptera: curculionidae) treated by entomopathogenic nematodes.	the red palm weevil, rhynocophorus ferrugineus (olivier) (coleoptera: curculionidae) has become the most important pest of the date palm trees in the world. it has been reported in the kingdom of saudi arabia since 1987 and in egypt since 1992. studies were conducted to compare preferences among red palm weevil life stages for infection by 12 entomopathogenic nematodes (epns), under no choice and five stage choice experiments, and curative trials by some of epns isolates. all epn isolates proved ...	2014	25195420
in vitro cytotoxicity effects of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) pollen on neonate mouse spermatogonial stem cells.	there is a fast growing tendency in the use of herbal remedies in developing countries. one of the traditional medicines used for male infertility treatment is date palm (phoenix dactylifera) pollen (dpp). isolated spermatogonial stem cells and sertoli cells using enzymatic digestion were grown in dulbecco's modified eagle's medium supplemented with 4% foetal bovine serum in the absence or presence of 0.06, 0.25 and 0.62 mg/ml concentrations of aqueous extract of dpp for 2 weeks. the assessment ...	2015	25189835
the complete plastid genome sequence of eustrephus latifolius (asparagaceae: lomandroideae).	the complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence of eustrephus latifolius was firstly determined in subfamily lomandriodeae of family asparagaceae. it was 159,736 bp and contained a large single copy region (82,403 bp) and a small single copy region (13,607 bp) which were separated by two inverted repeat regions (31,863 bp). in total, 132 genes were identified and they were consisted of 83 coding genes, 8 rrna genes, 38 trna genes, 3 pseudogenes. rpl23 and clpp were pseudogenes due to sequence dele ...	2016	25186113
date palm pollen as a preventative intervention in radiation- and chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis: a pilot study.	the objective of this study was to explore the effectiveness of date palm pollen (dpp) in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis induced by radiation and chemotherapy.	2014	25148841
enzyme activity and biochemical changes of three date palm cultivars with different softening pattern during ripening.	the physicochemical composition changes during palm ripening were studied. the activities of invertase and cell wall-modifying enzymes, namely pectin methylesterase (pme), β-galactosidase (β-gal), endo-1,4-β-d-glucanase (egase), and cellulase were monitored during growth and ripening of shahani, piarom and deiry cultivars with different textures. also, we estimated the concentrations of six organic acids by hplc. reducing sugars, most of organic acid, ph and tss increased up to the full-ripe sta ...	2012	25005944
tissue and cellular localization of tannins in tunisian dates (phoenix dactylifera l.) by light and transmission electron microscopy.	a histological approach including light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (tem) was used to provide accurate information on the localization of condensed tannins in the edible tissues and in the stone of date fruits (phoenix dactylifera l.). light microscopy was carried out on fresh tissues after staining by 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (dmaca) for a specific detection of condensed tannins. thus, whether under light microscopy or transmission electron microscopy (tem), results sho ...	2014	24987926
a report on biocompounds from palm fossil of india.	the occurrence of a large number of fossil woods having resemblance in anatomical features with the modern palm genus, phoenix l in deccan intertrappean fossil flora of maastrichtian-danian age (i. e. late cretaceous and earliest tertiary (65-67 my)) indicates the most primitive record of date palm. present discovery of biocompounds from fossil wood of phoenix collected from deccan intertrappean having affinity with the biocompounds known from modern plant further exemplify the earliest document ...	2014	24966541
effect of dietary supplementation of dates in alzheimer's disease appsw/2576 transgenic mice on oxidative stress and antioxidant status.	oxidative stress may play a key role in alzheimer's disease (ad) neuropathology. changes in the oxidative stress, antioxidants, and membrane-bound enzymes were investigated in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of ad transgenic mice model after long-term dietary supplementation of date palm fruits from oman. the 4-month-old mice with double swedish app mutation (appsw/tg2576) were purchased from taconic farm, ny, usa; mice were fed two different doses of dates (such as 4 and 2%) or control diet ...	2015	24954036
effect of dietary supplementation of probiotics and palm fruits extracts on the antioxidant enzyme gene expression in the mucosae of gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.).	antioxidant activity is particularly important, since oxidation is an unavoidable reaction in all living bodies. at present, natural antioxidants to be used on food as an alternative to synthetic ones are being sought. gilthead seabream (sparus aurata l.) specimens were fed for 4 weeks with diets enriched with bacterial probiotics (shewanella putrefaciens pdp11 and bacillus sp), single or in combination with tunisian dates palm fruit extracts. the expression of the main antioxidant enzyme genes ...	2014	24952087
the protective effect of phoenix dactylifera l. seeds against ccl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.	in traditional egyptian medicine, phoenix dactylifera l. (date palm) seeds are listed in folk remedies for the management of diabetes, liver diseases and gastrointestinal disorders. the present study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of phoenix dactylifera l. seeds aqueous suspension against the chemically-induced hepatic injury in rats.	2014	24945397
determination and stereochemistry of proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids in saudi arabian date fruits.	whereas an abundance of literature is available on the occurrence of common proteinogenic amino acids (aas) in edible fruits of the date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.), recent reports on non-proteinogenic (non-coded) aas and amino components are scarce. with emphasis on these components we have analyzed total hydrolysates of twelve cultivars of date fruits using automated ion-exchange chromatography, hplc employing a fluorescent aminoquinolyl label, and gc-ms of total hydrolysates using the chira ...	2014	24938763
identification of pheromone synergists for rhynchophorus ferrugineus trapping systems from phoenix canariensis palm volatiles.	trapping systems for the red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus olivier, rely on the use of natural plant odor sources to boost the attractiveness of the aggregation pheromone. the identification of the key odorants involved in attraction is essential in the development of a synthetic pheromone synergist to replace the nonstandardized use of plant material in traps. canary islands date palms (phoenix canariensis) have become preferred hosts for r. ferrugineus in europe; thus, the volatile pr ...	2014	24930773
review: ajwa date (phoenix dactylifera)- an emerging plant in pharmacological research.	date fruits are consumed in arab areas for a long time as a part of essential diet. phoenix dactylifera belongs to family arecaceae and its leaves, barks, pits, fruits and pollens have anticancer, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antiulcertavie, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antimutagenic, antidiarheal, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral potential. besides these, dates also increase level of estrogen, testosterone, rbcs, hb, pcv, reticulocytes and plate ...	2014	24811825
three new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi discovered at one location in a desert of oman: diversispora omaniana, septoglomus nakheelum and rhizophagus arabicus.	three new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi (glomeromycota) were isolated from soil samples collected from a hyperarid sandy plain of south arabia. morphological characteristics of the spores clearly differentiated them from closely related am species. molecular analyses were performed on rdna sequences obtained from single spores including a ~1700 bp region comprising partial ssu, its, partial lsu and the ~600 bp its region only. the phylogenetic trees based on these regions showed t ...	2017	24782493
r848, a toll-like receptors 7 and 8 agonist, a potential therapy for allergic rhinitis patients.	there is a growing interest in the targeting of toll-like receptors (tlrs) for the treatment of allergic diseases. tlrs7/8 ligands are future candidates of therapeutic value in allergic rhinitis (ar). this study focus on tlrs7/8 ligand; resiquimod (r848) as an adjuvant to immunotherapy (it) in ar patient.	2014	24773332
piloting the promotion of bamboo skirt barriers to prevent nipah virus transmission through date palm sap in bangladesh.	drinking raw date palm sap contaminated with infected fruit bat saliva or urine is an important mode of nipah virus transmission to humans in bangladesh. bamboo skirts are an effective way to interrupt bat access to the sap. we conducted a study from november 2008 to march 2009 to explore the effectiveness of higher- and lower-intensity interventions by promoting bamboo skirt preparation and use among sap harvesters (gachhis). we spent 280 person-hours in two villages for the higher-intensity in ...	2014	24755262
therapeutic effects of date fruits (phoenix dactylifera) in the prevention of diseases via modulation of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumour activity.	the current mode of treatment of various diseases based on synthetic drugs is expensive, alters genetic and metabolic pathways and also shows adverse side effects. thus, safe and effective approach is needed to prevent the diseases development and progression. in this vista, natural products are good remedy in the treatment/management of diseases and they are affordable and effective without any adverse effects. dates are main fruit in the arabian peninsula and are considered to be one of the mo ...	2014	24753740
a first genetic map of date palm (phoenix dactylifera) reveals long-range genome structure conservation in the palms.	the date palm is one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees. it is critical in many ways to cultures in arid lands by providing highly nutritious fruit while surviving extreme heat and environmental conditions. despite its importance from antiquity, few genetic resources are available for improving the productivity and development of the dioecious date palm. to date there has been no genetic map and no sex chromosome has been identified.	2014	24735434
phytochemicals in date co-products and their antioxidant activity.	the date agro-industry needs to find appropriate techniques to give value to their co-products. this study analyzes twelve intermediate food products (ifps) from date co-products, medjool and confitera cv. at several ripening stages, blanched and unblanched, for their content in bioactive compounds (phenols, tannins, flavonoids, carotenoids and anthocyanins) and the antioxidant activity (aa). ifps from the more unripe stages had the highest aa and phytochemicals content, mainly phenols, up to 1. ...	2014	24731377
sensitivity analysis of climex parameters in modeling potential distribution of phoenix dactylifera l.	using climex and the taguchi method, a process-based niche model was developed to estimate potential distributions of phoenix dactylifera l. (date palm), an economically important crop in many counties. development of the model was based on both its native and invasive distribution and validation was carried out in terms of its extensive distribution in iran. to identify model parameters having greatest influence on distribution of date palm, a sensitivity analysis was carried out. changes in su ...	2014	24722140
whole mitochondrial and plastid genome snp analysis of nine date palm cultivars reveals plastid heteroplasmy and close phylogenetic relationships among cultivars.	date palm is a very important crop in western asia and northern africa, and it is the oldest domesticated fruit tree with archaeological records dating back 5000 years. the huge economic value of this crop has generated considerable interest in breeding programs to enhance production of dates. one of the major limitations of these efforts is the uncertainty regarding the number of date palm cultivars, which are currently based on fruit shape, size, color, and taste. whole mitochondrial and plast ...	2014	24718264
chamaerops humilis l. var. argentea andré date palm seed oil: a potential dietetic plant product.	chamaerops humilis l. var. argentea andré (c. humilis) date palm seeds are an underutilized source of vegetable oil, and no studies describing their physicochemical characteristics to indicate the potential uses of this seed or seed oil have been reported. the oil content of the seeds is about 10%, mainly composed of oleic acid (38.71%), lauric acid (21.27%), linoleic acid (15.15%), palmitic acid (9.96%), and stearic acid (7.17%). the tocol (tocopherols and tocotrienols) content is 74 mg/100 g, ...	2014	24666023
the effect of date seed (phoenix dactylifera) extract on paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in hypercholesterolemic rats.	paraoxonase 1 (pon1) is a high- density lipoprotein (hdl)-associated enzyme, displaying esterase and lactonase activity. the pon1 is involved in a variety of inflammatory diseases, metabolizing toxic oxidized lipids and detoxifying of organophosphorus insecticide compounds and nerve agents.	2014	24644436
foodborne transmission of nipah virus in syrian hamsters.	since 2001, outbreaks of nipah virus have occurred almost every year in bangladesh with high case-fatality rates. epidemiological data suggest that in bangladesh, nipah virus is transmitted from the natural reservoir, fruit bats, to humans via consumption of date palm sap contaminated by bats, with subsequent human-to-human transmission. to experimentally investigate this epidemiological association between drinking of date palm sap and human cases of nipah virus infection, we determined the via ...	2014	24626480
dna barcoding based on plastid matk and rna polymerase for assessing the genetic identity of date (phoenix dactylifera l.) cultivars.	the cultivated date palm is the most agriculturally important species of the arecaceae family. the standard chloroplast dna barcode for land plants recommended by the consortium for the barcode of life plant working group needs to be evaluated for a wide range of plant species. therefore, we assessed the potential of the matk and rpoc1 markers for the authentication of date cultivars. there is not one universal method to authenticate date cultivars. in this study, 11 different date cultivars wer ...	2014	24615105
effects of dates pulp extract and palm sap (phoenix dactylifera l.) on gastrointestinal transit activity in healthy rats.	the current study was performed to measure the chemical composition and the effects of dates pulp extract and palm sap on gastrointestinal transit (git) activity in healthy adult rats. in this respect, male wistar rats fasted for 24 hours were used and received per orally (p.o.) sodium chloride (nacl) (0,9%) (control group) or various doses of dates pulp extract (150 and 300 mg/kg, body weight [b.w.]) and palm sap (0.4 and 4 ml/kg, b.w.). two other groups of rats (batch tests) received, respecti ...	2014	24611963
influence of fresh date palm co-products on the ripening of a paprika added dry-cured sausage model system.	date palm co-products are a source of bioactive compounds that could be used as a new ingredient for the meat industry. an intermediate food product (ifp) from date palm co-products (5%) was incorporated into a paprika added dry-cured sausage (pads) model system and was analysed for physicochemical parameters, lipid oxidation and sensory attributes during ripening. addition of 5% ifp yielded a product with physicochemical properties similar to the traditional one. instrumental colour differences ...	2014	24576770
aqueous date fruit extract protects against lipid peroxidation and improves antioxidant status in the liver of rats subchronically exposed to trichloroacetic acid.	trichloroacetic acid (tca) is a prominent by-product of the chlorination of drinking water. it induces cell damage by producing free radicals and reactive oxygen species. the present study was carried out to evaluate the potential hepatoprotective role of the aqueous date extract (ade) against tca-induced liver injury. forty-eight male wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups of eight: group i served as the control; group ii was given ade by gavage; groups iii and iv received tca as dri ...	2014	24573459
circadian release of male-specific components of the greater date moth, aphomia (arenipses) sabella, using sequential spme/gc/ms analysis.	the greater date moth (gdm), aphomia sabella hampson (lepidoptera: pyralidae: galleriinae), is a serious pest of date palms, phoenix dactylifera. the release of volatiles from both males and females was investigated using sequential spme/gc/ms analysis. males release a complex mixture of compounds in a circadian rhythm during the night between 03:00 and 05:00 hr. six compounds were identified: benzaldehyde, sulcatol (6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol), geranyl acetone [(e)-6,10-dimethyl-5,9-undecadien-2-on ...	2014	24567046
phenotyping date palm varieties via leaflet cross-sectional imaging and artificial neural network application.	true date palms (phoenix dactylifera l.) are impressive trees and have served as an indispensable source of food for mankind in tropical and subtropical countries for centuries. the aim of this study is to differentiate date palm tree varieties by analysing leaflet cross sections with technical/optical methods and artificial neural networks (ann).	2014	24564551
characterization of novel intermediate food products from spanish date palm (phoenix dactylifera l., cv. confitera) co-products for industrial use.	the nutritive, physicochemical and technological characteristics of several intermediate food products (ifps) from spanish confitera fresh date co-products were investigated. three ifps were obtained, two from unblanched dates in different ripening stages (khalal and rutab), and a third one from blanched khalal fruits. the ifps were rich in dietary fibre (13-16%, dry matter), phenolics (0.56-4.26g gae/100g dry matter) and sugars (55-82%, dry matter), with glucose and fructose as the predominant ...	2014	24518342
integrated electrokinetics-adsorption remediation of saline-sodic soils: effects of voltage gradient and contaminant concentration on soil electrical conductivity.	in this study, an integrated in situ remediation technique which couples electrokinetics with adsorption, using locally produced granular activated carbon from date palm pits in the treatment zones that are installed directly to bracket the contaminated soils at bench-scale, is investigated. natural saline-sodic clay soil, spiked with contaminant mixture (kerosene, phenol, cr, cd, cu, zn, pb, and hg), was used in this study to investigate the effects of voltage gradient, initial contaminant conc ...	2013	24459439
the chloroplast dna locus psbz-trnfm as a potential barcode marker in phoenix l. (arecaceae).	the genus phoenix (arecaceae) comprises 14 species distributed from cape verde islands to se asia. it includes the economically important species phoenix dactylifera. the paucity of differential morphological and anatomical useful characters, and interspecific hybridization, make identification of phoenix species difficult. in this context, the development of reliable dna markers for species and hybrid identification would be of great utility. previous studies identified a 12 bp polymorphic chlo ...	2013	24453552
occupational lung diseases among soldiers deployed to iraq and afghanistan.	military personnel deployed to iraq and afghanistan, from 2004 to the present, has served in a setting of unique environmental conditions. among these are exposures to burning trash in open air "burn pits" lit on fire with jet fuel jp-8. depending on trash burned--water bottles, styrofoam trays, medical waste, unexploded munitions, and computers--toxins may be released such as dioxins and n-hexane and benzene. particulate matter air pollution culminates from these fires and fumes. additional env ...	2013	24443711
characterization of ten date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) cultivars from saudi arabia using aflp and issr markers.	date palm is the most economically important plant in the middle east due to its nutritionally valuable fruit. the development of accurate dna fingerprints to characterize cultivars and the detection of genetic diversity are of great value for breeding programs. the present study explores the usefulness of issr and aflp molecular markers to detect relationships among 10 date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) cultivars from saudi arabia. thirteen issr primers and six aflp primer combinations were exa ...	2014	24439547
nipah virus infection: current scenario.	the emergence of nipah virus (niv) infection into the pig population and subsequently into the human population is believed to be due to changes in ecological conditions. in malaysia, a major niv outbreak occurred in pigs and humans from september 1998 to april 1999 that resulted in infection of 265 and death of 105 persons. about 1.1 million pigs had to be destroyed to control the outbreak. the disease was recorded in the form of a major outbreak in india in 2001 and then a small incidence in 2 ...	2013	24426305
comparison of antioxidant activity and total phenol contents of some date seed varieties from iran.	the genus phoenix is one of the most widely cultivated groups of palms around the world. the aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and total phenolic compounds of 14 different varieties of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l., arecaceae) seed extracts with 5 solvents [water, methanol, methanol (50%), dmso, and water: methanol: acetone: formic acid (20:40:40:0.1)]. ferric reducing antioxidant power assay and folin-ciocalteu reagent was used for determination of the antioxidant ...	2010	24363720
physicochemical properties and mineral contents of seven different date fruit (phoenix dactylifera l.) varieties growing from saudi arabia.	the date (phoenix dactylifera l.) fruits (soukari, soulag, barhi, khulas, rozaiz, soughi and monaif) were evaluated with respect to some physical and chemical properties. while crude protein contents of fruits change between 1.51% (soulag) to 2.41% (soughi), crude fibre contents ranged between 1.91% (soukari) to 3.90% (barhi). vitamin c contents of date samples changed between 971.82 mg/kg (soughi) to 1,453.15 mg/kg (barhi). antioxidant activity of date fruits ranged from 80.07 ic50 (soukari) to ...	2014	24346347
risk levels of invasive fusarium oxysporum f. sp. in areas suitable for date palm (phoenix dactylifera) cultivation under various climate change projections.	global climate model outputs involve uncertainties in prediction, which could be reduced by identifying agreements between the output results of different models, covering all assumptions included in each. fusarium oxysporum f.sp. is an invasive pathogen that poses risk to date palm cultivation, among other crops. therefore, in this study, the future distribution of invasive fusarium oxysporum f.sp., confirmed by csiro-mk3.0 (cs) and miroc-h (mr) gcms, was modeled and combined with the future di ...	2013	24340100
oxidative damage and alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities in the kidneys of rat exposed to trichloroacetic acid: protective role of date palm fruit.	in this study, we investigated the antioxidant and protective properties of date fruit aqueous extract (dfae) on trichloroacetic acid (tca)-induced nephrotoxicity in rat. oral administration of tca as drinking water (0.5 and 2 g/l) daily for 2 months caused nephrotoxicity as evident by elevated levels of plasma creatinine, urea, and uric acid. activity of antioxidant enzymes, catalase (cat) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx), was decreased, whereas superoxide dismutase (sod) activity and malondial ...	2014	24338383
allelopathic effects ofcitrus aurantium l. : i. vegetational patterning.	field observations on undisturbed stands of sour orange revealed thatcynodon dactylon, chenopodium album, avena sativa, andamaranthus retroflexus were not able to grow normally and complete their life cycles under its canopies, although the same species grow well under adjacent trees of date palm. investigations revealed that the failure of the test species to grow normally under sour orange was not due to competition for light, moisture and minerals or to differences in soil texture or ph. soil ...	1985	24311244
fungal diversity in adult date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) revealed by culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches.	endophytic flora plays a vital role in the colonization and survival of host plants, especially in harsh environments, such as arid regions. this flora may, however, contain pathogenic species responsible for various troublesome host diseases. the present study is aimed at investigating the diversity of both cultivable and non-cultivable endophytic fungal floras in the internal tissues (roots and leaves) of tunisian date palm trees (phoenix dactylifera). accordingly, 13 isolates from both root a ...	2013	24302709
characteristics of starch-based biodegradable composites reinforced with date palm and flax fibers.	the aim of this work is to study the behavior of completely biodegradable starch-based composites containing date palm fibers in the range from 20 to 80 wt%. hybrid composites containing date palm and flax fibers, 25 wt% each, were also examined. the composites were preheated and then hot pressed at 5 mpa and 160°c for 30 min. sem investigation showed strong adhesion between fibers and matrix. density measurements showed very small void fraction (less than 0.142%) for composites containing up to ...	2014	24299743
comparison of the essential oil content and composition of the spathe, buds and pollen of phoenix dactylifera.	several medicinal applications have been reported for different components of date palm. the inflorescence of the male date tree is composed of spathe that surrounds many buds containing pollen. in this study, a comparison between the content and composition of the essential oils obtained from these three components of an inflorescence was made. after obtaining each oil using hydro-distillation method, the oil yield was measured as the weight ratio of the oil to the distilled sample (w/w %) and ...	2014	24279318
control of size and viscoelastic properties of nanofibrillated cellulose from palm tree by varying the tempo-mediated oxidation time.	the main objective of the present study was to control and optimize the preparation of nanofibrillated cellulose (nfc) from the date palm tree by monitoring the oxidation time (degree of oxidation) of the pristine cellulose and the number of cycles through the homogenizer. the oxidation was monitored by tempo (1-oxo-2,2,6,6-tétraméthylpipyridine 1-oxyle) mediated oxidation. evidence of the successful isolation of nfc was given by fe-sem observation revealing fibrils with a width in the range 20- ...	2014	24274481
a new glucuronolactone glycoside phoenixoside b from the seeds of phoenix dactylifera.	a new glucuronolactone glycoside, phoenixoside b (1), has been isolated from the n-butanol soluble fraction of seeds of phoenix dactylifera. the structure was characterized as 1-(1'-ethyl-beta-d-glucosyl)-4,5-diethyl-[alpha-d-glucofuranourono-6,3-lactone] on the basis of 1d and 2d-nmr spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry.	2013	24273868
phoenix dactylifera l. leaf extract phytosynthesized gold nanoparticles; controlled synthesis and catalytic activity.	a green synthesis route was reported to explore the reducing and capping potential of phoenix dactylifera extract for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. the processes of nucleation and growth of gold nanoparticles were followed by monitoring the absorption spectra during the reaction. the size and morphology of these nanoparticles was typically imaged using transmission electron microscopy (tem). the particle size ranged between 32 and 45 nm and are spherical in shape. fourier transform infrar ...	2014	24247096
identification of phosphate granules occurring in seedling tissue of two palm species (phoenix dactylifera and washingtonia filifera).	haustoria of two palm species, phoenix dactylifera l. (date) and washingtonia filifera (lindl.) wendl were carefully dissected from seeds, and the ultrastructural characteristics of the large, electron-opaque granules present in the cells of this tissue were compared using standard aldehyde and oso4 fixations. in washingtonia, the granules were smaller than those in date and were more variable in size and presence of non-opaque inclusions. all granules appeared to be membrane bounded although th ...	1986	24240299
coupled electrokinetics-adsorption technique for simultaneous removal of heavy metals and organics from saline-sodic soil.	in situ remediation technologies for contaminated soils are faced with significant technical challenges when the contaminated soil has low permeability. popular traditional technologies are rendered ineffective due to the difficulty encountered in accessing the contaminants as well as when employed in settings where the soil contains mixed contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and polar organics. in this study, an integrated in situ remediation technique that couples electro ...	2013	24235885
freeze-fracture observations on membranes of dry and hydrated pollen from collomia, phoenix and zea.	pollen from collomia grandiflora dougl. ex lindl., phoenix dactylifera l. and zea mays l. was examined by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. particular attention was paid to the organization of the cell membranes in the naturally dehydrated, as compared to the fully hydrated, state. all membranes examined had a normal bilayer organization similar to that seen in the hydrated cells of these and other plants. this organization of dry pollen membranes is discussed as it relates to physiological s ...	1986	24232136
optimization of semiochemical-based trapping ofmetamasius hemipterus sericeus (olivier) (coleoptera: curculionidae).	response of adults of the west indian sugarcane weevil,metamasius hemipterus sericeus, to various semiochemical treatments and physical trap designs was studied in southern florida in field-grown banana and canary island date palms. ethyl acetate released alone at 860-1007 mg/day was as effective for the capture ofm. h. sericeus as a combination of ethyl acetate (844-919 mg/day), ethyl propionate (348-362 mg/day), and ethyl butyrate (117-137 mg/day) and in one trial was more effective than ferme ...	1996	24226244
somatic embryogenesis from shoot tip and immature inflorescence of phoenix dactylifera cv. barhee.	a method of clonal propagation via somatic embryogenesis of date palm, cultivar barhee, which has potential for large scale commercial application as well as for developmental studies on embryos is described. cultures were initiated from shoot tip and immature inflorescence explants, both of which were capable of development into embryogenic callus. when the embryogenic callus was cultured in liquid suspension on a rotary shaker, hundreds of embryos developed from milligram quantities of callus ...	1992	24201724
identification and immunocytochemical localization of α-galactosidase in resting and germinated date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) seeds.	α-galactosidases (ec 3.2.1.22) from resting and germinated date (phoenix dactylifera l.) seeds were compared and localized using immunocytochemical methods. the enzyme was present in both the endosperm and embryo of resting seeds, in the endosperm undergoing digestion where the greatest specific activity was present, and in the haustorium of seedlings. the enzyme had a molecular mass of 140000 as determined by gel filtration and a ph optimum of 4.5. at least seven forms of the enzyme with isoele ...	1990	24196674
in vitro acclimatization of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) plantlets: a quantitative comparison of epicuticular leaf wax as a function of polyethylene glycol treatment.	wax deposits on leaf surfaces ofin vitro-grown plantlets,in vitro plantlets treated with polyethylene glycol and greenhouse-grown seedlings from five cultivars of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) were extracted and quantified. significant variations among treatments and cultivars were obtained. greenhouse-grown plants had the greatest wax deposits followed by the acclimatized plantlets.in vitro plantlets had an average of 15% of the wax of greenhouse plants. cultivar and plant age differences ...	1995	24185666
water loss and polyethylene glycol-mediated acclimatization of in vitro-grown seedlings of 5 cultivars of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) plantlets.	plantlets derived from shoot-tips of seedlings from five cultivars of date palm, phoenix dactylifera l., were subjected to polyethylene glycol in liquid medium. comparisons of water loss of detached leaves among in vitro-grown, polyethylene glycol-treated and greenhouse-grown plants showed significant differences with treatment for all cultivars studied. for each treatment, significant differences were also found among cultivars. the common result was that the percent of moisture loss of non-tre ...	1995	24185338
cloning, expression in e. coli and immunological characterization of par j 3.0201, a parietaria pollen profilin variant.	parietaria judaica pollen is one of the main sources of allergens in the mediterranean area. its allergenic composition has been studied in detail showing the presence of two major allergens (par j 1 and par j 2) and two minor allergens belonging to the profilin and calcium binding protein families of allergens (par j 3 and par j 4, respectively). clinical reports support the hypothesis of a limited cross-reactivity between profilin from parietaria and unrelated sources. we screened a p. judaica ...	2014	24172226
retained subretinal date palm tree thorn in a child.	a 3-year-old boy presented with severe eye pain and nausea after colliding with a date palm tree branch. examination under anesthesia revealed a self-sealed corneal laceration and traumatic cataract in his left eye. cultures were taken and the patient received prophylactic subconjunctival, intravitreal, and systemic antibiotics because of the high risk of endophthalmitis. a thorn from the same tree grew bacillus cereus. examination after 2 weeks of the injury revealed a subretinal foreign body ( ...	2013	24160979
seasonally variable intestinal metagenomes of the red palm weevil (rhynchophorus ferrugineus).	the intestinal microbes residing in the red palm weevil (rpw, rhynchophorus ferrugineus) larva consume tender interior fibrous tissues of date palm trunks. the understanding of such microbiota at molecular level provides vital clues for the biological control of this devastating pest. using pyrosequencing and shotgun strategy, we first study taxonomic profiles of the microbiota sampled at different months (march, july and november), and then confirm the impact of high-temperature stress on the m ...	2013	24102776
whole genome duplication events in plant evolution reconstructed and predicted using myosin motor proteins.	the evolution of land plants is characterized by whole genome duplications (wgd), which drove species diversification and evolutionary novelties. detecting these events is especially difficult if they date back to the origin of the plant kingdom. established methods for reconstructing wgds include intra- and inter-genome comparisons, ks age distribution analyses, and phylogenetic tree constructions.	2013	24053117
influence of habitat and climate variables on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus community distribution, as revealed by a case study of facultative plant epiphytism under semiarid conditions.	in semiarid mediterranean ecosystems, epiphytic plant species are practically absent, and only some species of palm trees can support epiphytes growing in their lower crown area, such as phoenix dactylifera l. (date palm). in this study, we focused on sonchus tenerrimus l. plants growing as facultative epiphytes in p. dactylifera and its terrestrial forms growing in adjacent soils. our aim was to determine the possible presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in these peculiar habitats and ...	2013	24038687
polyphenolic compounds in date fruit seed (phoenix dactylifera): characterisation and quantification by using uplc-dad-esi-ms.	date fruit seeds have been demonstrated to possess high antioxidant activities due to their high content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. the objective of this work was to identify and quantify the phenolic composition of date seeds.	2014	24037711
alterations in lignin content and phenylpropanoids pathway in date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) tissues affected by brittle leaf disease.	brittle leaf disease or maladie de la feuille cassante (mfc) is a lethal disorder of date palm that has assumed epidemic proportions in the oases of tunisia and algeria. no pathogen could ever be associated with the disease, while leaflets of affected palms have been previously shown to be deficient in manganese. the work reported here aims to understand the biochemical basis of the date palm response to this disorder. since the typical disease symptom is the leaf fragility, we have investigated ...	2013	23987806
effect of ga3 and 2,4-d foliar application on the anatomy of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) seedling leaf.	two concentrations (10-5m and 10-3m) of both ga3 and 2,4-d were used as foliar spray to evaluate the response of date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) cv. khedri seedlings. they affected some of the anatomical characteristics of the first leaf emerging after the beginning of the spray. the high concentration of ga3 increased the size of the midrib and its vascular bundle numbers. both low and high concentrations of 2,4-d inhibited the formation of the midrib. 2,4-d in both low and high concentratio ...	2013	23961229
valorization of date palm (phoenix dactylifera) fruit processing by-products and wastes using bioprocess technology - review.	the date palm phoenix dactylifera has played an important role in the day-to-day life of the people for the last 7000 years. today worldwide production, utilization and industrialization of dates are continuously increasing since date fruits have earned great importance in human nutrition owing to their rich content of essential nutrients. tons of date palm fruit wastes are discarded daily by the date processing industries leading to environmental problems. wastes such as date pits represent an ...	2013	23961227
composition and diversity of weed communities in al-jouf province, northern saudi arabia.	the aim of this study was to identify the main weed communities in al-jouf province in northern saudi arabia. moreover, the composition and diversity of these communities were studied in relation to soil variables and crop type. some 54 stands representing olive orchards, date palm orchards, wheat crop and watermelon crop were studied, using ten quadrats (1 × 1 m) per stand. a total of 71 species belonging to 22 families and 61 genera were observed. the classification of vegetation using the two ...	2012	23961198
somatic embryogenesis, scanning electron microscopy, histology and biochemical analysis at different developing stages of embryogenesis in six date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) cultivars.	an efficient somatic embryogenesis system has been established in six date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) cultivars (barhee, zardai, khalasah, muzati, shishi and zart). somatic embryogenesis (se) was growth regulators and cultivars dependent. friable embryogenic callus was induced from excised shoot tips on ms medium supplemented with various auxins particularly 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d, 1.5 mg 1(-l)). suspension culture increased embryogenesis potentiality. only a-naphthaleneacetic ...	2011	23961149
purification and characterization of membrane-bound peroxidase from date palm leaves (phoenix dactylifera l.).	peroxidase from date palm (phoenix dactylifera l.) leaves was purified to homogeneity and characterized biochemically. the enzyme purification included homogenization, extraction of pigments followed by consecutive chromatographies on deae-sepharose and superdex 200. the purification factor for purified date palm peroxidase was 17 with 5.8% yield. the purity was checked by sds and native page, which showed a single prominent band. the molecular weight of the enzyme was approximately 55 kda as es ...	2011	23961138
effects of riyadh cement industry pollutions on some physiological and morphological factors of datura innoxia mill. plant.	cement factory emissions into air cause serious air pollution and affect the plant and animal life in the environment. herein, we report the effects of cement industry emissions (o3, so2 and no2) in air, as pollutants, at riyadh city on datura innoxia mill. plant. morphological characters including plant height, leaves area and number, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root systems of d. innoxia showed a significant reduction from their normal control plants as a response to exposure to pollutan ...	2011	23961129
determination of heavy metals in the fruit of date palm growing at different locations of riyadh.	exposure of heavy metals to human beings has risen dramatically in the last 50 years. in today's urban and industrial society, there is no escaping from exposure to toxic chemicals and heavy metals. humans are more likely to be exposed to heavy metal contamination from the dust that adheres to edible plants than from bioaccumulation. this is because it is very difficult to wash off all the dust particles from the plant material before ingesting them. the objectives of this experiment were to det ...	2011	23961121
performance evaluation of three different types of local evaporative cooling pads in greenhouses in sudan.	this study was conducted in date palm technology company limited, shambat, khartoum state. to evaluate performance of three types of evaporative cooling pads for greenhouses (celdek pads, straw pads and sliced wood pads), as compared to the conditions outside the greenhouses (control), for pads. performance evaluation includes environmental parameters (temperature and relative humidity at 8 am, 1 pm and 6 pm) and crop parameters (length and stem diameter, leaves number and width, fruit length an ...	2011	23961103
characterization and evolution of conserved microrna through duplication events in date palm (phoenix dactylifera).	micrornas (mirnas) are important regulators of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in a wide range of species. highly conserved mirnas regulate ancestral transcription factors common to all plants, and control important basic processes such as cell division and meristem function. we selected 21 conserved mirna families to analyze the distribution and maintenance of mirnas. recently, the first genome sequence in palmaceae was released: date palm (phoenix dactylifera). we conducted a ...	2013	23951162