Publications

effect of x-irradiation upon the infective larvae of ancylostoma caninum and the immunogenic effect in dogs of a single infection with 40 kr-irradiated larvae.		1964	14244804
studies on the life history of the hookworms. ix. the morphological studies on the development of the 4th stage larvae of ancylostoma caninum in the normal host.		1964	14225792
studies on the life history of the hookworms. 8. the morphological studies on the development of the 3rd stage larvae of ancylostoma caninum in the normal host.		1964	14225788
in vitro studies of larvicidal agents against the larvae of ancylostoma caninum.		1964	14209495
metabolism of hookworms. ii. glucose metabolism and glycogen synthesis in adult female ancylostoma caninum.		1964	14201360
[basic studies on parasiticides. 16. insecticidal effects of an azobenzene derivative on ancylostoma caninum larvae in vitro and its parasiticidal effect on ancylostoma caninum].		1964	14191985
[the puma (felis concolor) as a new host for ancylostoma caninum (ercolani, 1859) linstow 1889].		1964	14174786
mating of ancylostoma caninum in relation to blood loss in the host.		1964	14170767
comparative morphology of ancylostoma tubaeforme (zeder, 1800) and ancylostoma caninum (ercolani, 1859).		1962	14017192
the effect of ancylostoma caninum infection on erythropoiesis in dogs.		1961	13754611
the ultrastructure of the intestinal wall of ancylostoma caninum.		1959	13665457
the anthelmintic effect of bephenium on ancylostoma caninum.		1958	13621319
survival of ancylostoma caninum in vitro. i.		1956	13415770
the etiology of visceral larva migrans. ii. comparative larval morphology of ascaris lumbricoides, necator americanus, strongyloides stercoralis and ancylostoma caninum.		1956	13346428
continuous phenothiazine therapy of dogs artificially infected with ancylostoma caninum.		1956	13302654
the effect of extracts of the amphidial glands, excretory glands, and esophagus of adults of ancylostoma caninum on the coagulation of dog's blood.		1956	13295887
proteolytic activity in extracts of the esophagus of adults of ancylostoma caninum and the effect of immune serum on this activity.		1956	13295886
the effect of certain chemicals on the eggs and larvae of the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum).		1954	13148484
differentiation of the ova of ancylostoma caninum and uncinaria stenocephala in dogs.		1953	13092396
[effect of roussin's salt ([fe4s3no7]me) on eggs and rhabditic larvae of ancylostoma caninum].		1952	12994644
recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 and other inhibitors targeting blood coagulation factor viia/tissue factor.	originally isolated from a haematophagous hookworm, recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is an 85-amino acid protein with potent anticoagulant properties. unlike conventional anticoagulants that attenuate blood coagulation via inhibition of thrombin or activated factor x (fxa) at the downstream portion of the cascade, rnapc2 is a potent inhibitor of the activated factor vii/tissue factor complex (fviia/tf), the key physiological initiator of blood coagulation. its mechanism of ...	2003	12974870
cutaneous larva migrans: the creeping eruption.	cutaneous larva migrans (clm) is the most common tropically acquired dermatosis. it is caused by hookworm larvae, which are in the feces of infected dogs and cats. the condition occurs mainly in the caribbean and new world, and anyone walking barefoot or sitting on a contaminated beach is at risk. ancylostoma braziliense and ancylostoma caninum are the most common hookworms responsible for clm. the lesions, called creeping eruptions, are characteristically erythematous, raised and vesicular, lin ...	2003	12953933
[experimental studies on the effects in helminthic infection, with special reference to the gonadectomy of the host]	introduction: concerning the influences of the host's hormone in helminthic infection, solomon(1963) reported that castrated hamsters were less susceptible to nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection than the sham-operated or normal control groups, and addis(1946) demonstrated that testosterone in the male host was necessary for normal growth of hymenolepis diminuta and the egg productive ability was also effected by the hormone. beck(1950, 1952) noted a significant reduction in egg production in ...	1966	12913569
acquired resistance in mice to the dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninm.	the present study attempted to induce an acquired immunity against the dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum. the experiments were carried out to demonstrate and confirm whether an acquired resistance could be developed by the repeated lowgrade infections with the infective larvae of a. caninum in the abnormal host of mouse. 1. in order to determined the distribution of hookworm larvae in the lungs and liver of mice after inoculation of infective larvae, 54 mice were inoculated with 1,000 larvae and ...	1967	12913562
[studies on the transmissibility of pathogenic-organisms to liver by migrating larvae of liver fluke and hookworm]	in order to confirm whether the migrating larvae of parasites could carry pathogenic organisms into liver and cause hepatitis, a series of experiments has been carried out. a. clonorchis sinensis: recovery rate of larvae in the abdominal cavity of rabbits: one to seven days after the administration adolescariae were recovered from the abdominal cavity in less than l % of the total number of metacercariae given. generally, 1~6 larvae were found from each animal which was given 900~1,000 metacerca ...	1968	12913551
[the influence of ultraviolet irradiation upon the development and infectivity of hookworm larvae]	the eggs and rhabditoid larvae of canine hookworm were irradiated with ultraviolet rays for one hour at a distance of 10, 20, 30, and 40 cm. the infective stage larvae of the same parasites were irradiated for l, 3, 5 and 14 hours from the same distances. the infective larvae were also exposed under direct sunlight for l, 2, 3 and 4 hours. parasites: ancylostoma caninum was used. eggs were collected in vitro from female adult worms. the worms were kept at 37 degrees c in petri-dish filled with k ...	1968	12913550
molecular characterisation of the ancylostoma-secreted protein family from the adult stage of ancylostoma caninum.	the ancylostoma-secreted proteins are a family of nematode-specific cysteine-rich secreted proteins belonging to the pathogenesis-related protein superfamily. previously we reported that third stage infective larvae of ancylostoma caninum produce two different ancylostoma-secreted proteins, a single and double-domain ancylostoma-secreted protein, designated as ancylostoma-secreted protein-1 and ancylostoma-secreted protein-2, respectively. here we report that adult a. caninum hookworms produce a ...	2003	12906874
[an epidemiological study on zoonoses in korea]	helminthic zoonoses are of significant importance to the public health and to the socioeconomic consequences especially in lost-meat, animal products and animal labor. for past several decades in korea, it has been recognized that endoparasitic infections among domestic animals are extremely common and many of the helminth parasites of man have been acquired from, or are shared with domestic animals. however, there was no survey of a nationwide scale on the prevalence of animal helminthiasis; an ...	1981	12902720
[helminthes infections in the small intestine of stray dogs in ejungbu city, kyunggi do, korea]	one hundred and two stray dogs in ejungbu city of kyunggi-do, korea were examined to reveal out the degree of natural helminthic infection of small intestine. helminthes were collected at autopsy, by scraping the intestinal contents. the collected worms were classified by their morphological characteristics. out of 102 examined, 72 dogs were infected with any helminthes. the common helminthes were dipylidium caninum (47%), ancylostoma caninum (26%), toxascaris leonina (16%) and toxocara canis (1 ...	1981	12902719
[cloning and expression of specific antigen genes of ancylostoma caninum].	to search for the gene encoding specific antigen of ancylostoma caninum that induces host's protective immunity.	2003	12884580
the second messenger cyclic gmp mediates activation in ancylostoma caninum infective larvae.	the developmentally arrested infective larva (l(3)) of hookworms encounters a host-specific signal during infection that initiates previously suspended developmental pathways. activated l(3) express a parasitic gene set that encodes proteins involved in moulting, growth and development to the adult stage. early events in this activation to parasitism can be investigated using an in vitro larval feeding assay. when ancylostoma caninum l(3) are exposed to a host-like stimulus, they resume feeding ...	2003	12865078
eosinophil relationship in gut anaphylaxis during experimental ancylostomosis.	changes induced in the circulating and intestinal eosinophil levels and worm load were studied in female swiss albino mice infected with multiple doses of ancylostoma caninum larvae. there was a significant rise of both circulating and intestinal eosinophils in all the infected animals when compared with controls. in all the experimental groups of animals, peak eosinophilia was observed during the third week of post-infection and sustained upto 30th day with slight alterations. these studies ind ...	2003	12860065
isolation and molecular cloning of a secreted hookworm platelet inhibitor from adult ancylostoma caninum.	hookworms, bloodfeeding intestinal nematodes, are a leading cause of iron deficiency anemia in the developing world. these parasites have evolved potent mechanisms of interfering with mammalian hemostasis, presumably for the purpose of facilitating bloodfeeding. adult ancylostoma caninum worm extracts contain an activity that inhibits platelet aggregation and adhesion by blocking the function of two cell surface integrin receptors, glycoprotein iib/iiia and gpia/iia. using rphplc, the hookworm p ...	2003	12850261
recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, an inhibitor of the tissue factor/factor viia complex, in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty.	we investigated the safety and pharmacodynamics of escalating doses of recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) in patients undergoing elective coronary angioplasty.	2003	12821239
e. coli pneumonia induces cd18-independent airway neutrophil migration in the absence of increased lung vascular permeability.	we examined the relationship between neutrophil [polymorphonuclear leukocyte (pmn)] influx and lung vascular injury in response to escherichia coli pneumonia. we assessed lung tissue pmn uptake by measuring myeloperoxidase and transvascular pmn migration by determining pmn counts in lung interstitium and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) in mice challenged intratracheally with e. coli. lung vascular injury was quantified by determining microvessel filtration coefficient (kf,c), a measure of va ...	2003	12818890
effects of a selective cd11b/cd18 antagonist and recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator treatment alone and in combination in a rat embolic model of stroke.	we evaluated the neuroprotective effect of uk-279,276 (also referred to as recombinant neutrophil inhibitory factor), a selective cd11b/cd18 antagonist, in combination with thrombolytic therapy on focal cerebral ischemia.	2003	12805500
uk-279,276, a neutrophil inhibitory glycoprotein, in acute stroke: tolerability and pharmacokinetics.	uk-279,276, a recombinant glycoprotein, binds selectively to the cd11b/cd18 integrin on neutrophils and has the potential to modulate the neuroinflammation associated with acute stroke. after preclinical evidence of neuroprotection, uk-279,276 has entered clinical development. the purposes of this study were to evaluate the safety and tolerability of uk-279,276 and to examine its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (binding to neutrophil cd11b) in patients with acute stroke.	2003	12805489
tissue factor/factor viia inhibitors block angiogenesis and tumor growth through a nonhemostatic mechanism.	an association between cancer and thrombosis has been recognized for more than a century. however, the manner by which tumor growth is regulated by coagulation in vivo remains unclear. to assess the role of coagulation on tumor growth, in vivo, we tested coagulation inhibitors specific for either tissue factor (tf)/factor viia (fviia) complexes or factor xa (fxa) for antitumor activity. here, we show that two inhibitors of tf/fviia, tf pathway inhibitor (tfpi) and the nematode anticoagulant prot ...	2003	12782609
molecular cloning of a novel multidomain kunitz-type proteinase inhibitor from the hookworm ancylostoma caninum.	degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from conserved serine protease inhibitors were used to amplify a 90-base pair (bp) amplicon from an ancylostoma caninum adult-stage complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cdna) library by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the amplicon was labeled and used as a probe to screen the library, and a 2,300-bp cdna clone was identified. the 5' end of the molecule was obtained from adult cdna by 5'-race. the complete sequence named a. caninum kunitz-type protease ...	2003	12760667
activation of coagulation by administration of recombinant factor viia elicits interleukin 6 (il-6) and il-8 release in healthy human subjects.	the activation of coagulation has been shown to contribute to proinflammatory responses in animal and in vitro experiments. here we report that the activation of coagulation in healthy human subjects by the administration of recombinant factor viia also elicits a small but significant increase in the concentrations of interleukin 6 (il-6) and il-8 in plasma. this increase was absent when the subjects were pretreated with recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, the inhibitor of tissue fact ...	2003	12738659
hookworm cathepsin d aspartic proteases: contributing roles in the host-specific degradation of serum proteins and skin macromolecules.	cathepsin d aspartic proteases of hookworms were recently implicated in the host-specific digestion of haemoglobin by adult parasites. ac-apr-1 from the dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum and na-apr-1 from the human hookworm, necator americanus, were shown to be expressed in the infective larval stage (l3) as well as adult worms. we now show that both proteases degraded skin macromolecules and serum proteins, some of which were cleaved more readily from permissive definitive hosts as opposed to n ...	2003	12636356
characterisation of humoral immune responses in dogs vaccinated with irradiated ancylostoma caninum.	infection with ancylostoma caninum, an intestinal hookworm of dogs, can cause debilitating and potentially life-threatening disease. in the current study, protective immunity to hookworm infection was induced in dogs following vaccination with irradiation-attenuated third-stage larvae (l3) with significant reductions in both worm (p<0.03) and faecal egg counts (p<0.0004) following a challenge infection. vaccination with irradiated l3 and challenge with infective l3 stimulated a dominant antibody ...	2003	12628766
[studies on immunological reaction of the antiserum of recombinant secreted protein from ancylostoma caninum].	to analyze the immunological reaction of the antiserum of recombinant secreted protein from ancylostoma caninum with antigens of various species hookworms at different developmental stages.	2001	12571945
effect of lead and ancylostomiasis on phosphatases of heart in swiss albino mice.	administration of 0.01 and 0.1 mg of lead nitrate for 4 and 7 days and infection of ancylostoma caninum larvae orally altered the activation of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase in the hearts of mice when compared to infected animals and controls. alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly in all drug-treated + infected mice. the level of acid phosphatase decreased significantly in mice exposed to chronic doses of lead. the altered levels of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosp ...	2002	12568465
evaluation of the role of ancylostoma caninum in humans as a cause of acute and recurrent abdominal pain.	ancylostoma caninum is responsible for cases with eosinophilic enteritis (ee) and unexplained abdominal pain with peripheral eosinophilia in man. ninety-five patients with obscure acute or recurrent abdominal pain and ten asymptomatic healthy parasite free were subjected to thorough history taking, clinical examination, sonography, routine laboratory investigations and serotesting by igg elisa to detect antibodies to excretory/secretory (es) antigens of adult a. caninum and by igg and igg4 weste ...	1999	12561926
ac-far-1, a 20 kda fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein secreted by adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms: gene transcription pattern, ligand binding properties and structural characterisation.	antibody against adult ancylostoma caninum excretory-secretory (es) products was used to immunoscreen a cdna expression library leading to the isolation of cdnas encoding putative hookworm fatty-acid and retinol-binding proteins. ac-far-1 and ac-far-2 cdnas encode open reading frames corresponding to approximately 20kda proteins with 91 percent amino acid identity. ac-far-1 and ac-far-2 exhibit clear similarities to other fars of parasitic nematodes, most closely to two of the far proteins of ca ...	2003	12554085
vertical migration by the infective larvae of three species of parasitic nematodes: is the behaviour really a response to gravity?	vertical migration by infective larvae (l3) of 3 species of nematodes was investigated. upright truncated agarose cones were used to test upward migration, and comparable truncated cone-shaped agarose hollows were used to test downward migration. flat agarose plates were control surfaces. when placed at the bases of upright cones, 74% of ancylostoma caninum l3 migrated up, whereas only 16.5% migrated down the indented cones; this latter value was not significantly different from larval migration ...	2002	12553574
prevalence of enteric pathogens in dogs of north-central colorado.	to evaluate the prevalence of enteric pathogens in dogs of north-central colorado, fecal samples were obtained from client-owned dogs presented to the veterinary teaching hospital at colorado state university for evaluation of acute small-bowel, large-bowel, or mixed-bowel diarrhea (n=71) and from age-matched, client-owned, healthy dogs (n=59). infectious agents potentially associated with gastrointestinal disease were detected in 34 of 130 (26.1%) fecal samples. agents with zoonotic potential w ...	2003	12549614
inhibition of factor viia/tissue factor with nematode anticoagulant protein c2: from unique mechanism to a promising new clinical anticoagulant.	recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent (k(i) = 10 pm) inhibitor of the factor viia/tissue factor complex (fviia/tf) that involves the pre-requisite binding to either zymogen or activated factor x (fx) prior to the formation of the final quaternary complex with fviia/tf. the formation of the binary complex with circulating fx governs the pharmacokinetic profile of rnapc2 in humans, resulting in a prolonged elimination half-life of >50 h. the clinical antithrombotic pot ...	2002	12536118
experimental human infection with the dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum.	to investigate possible routes for human infection by the dog hookworm (ancylostoma caninum). design, setting and participant: relatively small numbers of infective larvae were administered orally and percutaneously to an informed healthy volunteer (j k l) under medical supervision, at intervals between may 1998 and may 1999.	2003	12526725
a novel repressor of nif and glna expression in the methanogenic archaeon methanococcus maripaludis.	nitrogen assimilation in the methanogenic archaeon methanococcus maripaludis is regulated by transcriptional repression involving a palindromic 'nitrogen operator' repressor binding sequence. here we report the isolation of the nitrogen repressor, nrpr, from m. maripaludis using dna affinity purification. deletion of the nrpr gene resulted in loss of nitrogen operator binding activity in cell extracts and loss of repression of nif (nitrogen-fixation) and glna (glutamine synthetase) gene expressi ...	2003	12492867
characterization of a recombinant immunodiagnostic antigen (nie) from strongyloides stercoralis l3-stage larvae.	due to the process of internal autoinfection, even chronic asymptomatic infections with strongyloides stercoralis have the potential to become severe disseminated disease with fatal outcome. intermittent and scanty larval excretion makes parasitologic diagnosis difficult. serodiagnosis is helpful, but antigen preparation from infective larvae requires access to patients or immunosuppressed experimental animals. for these reasons, attention has turned to recombinant antigens for immunodiagnosis. ...	2002	12467975
a novel cathepsin b active site motif is shared by helminth bloodfeeders.	this study compared specific protein sequence motifs present within cathepsin b-like cysteine proteases from a number of helminth parasites. we have focused our efforts on cathepsin b-like proteases of haemonchus contortus, caenorhabditis elegans, schistosoma mansoni, schistosoma japonicum, ostertagia ostertagi, and ancylostoma caninum. the goal of this work is to correlate specific features, or proposed roles, of the cathepsin b-like proteases with primary sequence motifs discovered within the ...	2002	12427461
recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2, a novel inhibitor of tissue factor-factor viia activity, abrogates endotoxin-induced coagulation in chimpanzees.	systemic activation of coagulation leading to disseminated intra-vascular coagulation (dic) is an important feature in patients with severe sepsis. tissue factor has been shown to play a primary role in this pathological response, as revealed by the use of specific inhibitors and antagonists of the tissue factor/factor viia pathway. this class of agents has been demonstrated to attenuate the coagulation response in human volunteers with induced low-grade endotoxemia and to reduce mortality in pr ...	2002	12362234
improved detection of endoparasite dna in soil sample pcr by the use of anti-inhibitory substances.	although there have been numerous microbial examinations of soil for the presence of human pathogenic developmental parasite stages of ancylostoma caninum and toxocara canis, molecular techniques (e.g. dna extraction, purification and subsequent pcr) have scarcely been applied. here, dna preparations of soil samples artificially contaminated with genomic dna or parasite eggs were examined by pcr. a. caninum and t. canis-specific primers based on the its-2 sequence were used for amplification. af ...	2002	12237140
influence of parasitic life style on the patterns of codon usage and base frequencies of ancylostoma and necator species.	parametric analyses were used to investigate the nucleotide, codon, and amino acid composition of coding sequences corresponding to hook-worms. ancylostoma caninum and necator americanus. although genomic research has become prevalent within the scientific community, few studies have dealt directly with parasitic species. parasites have existed throughout the history of mankind due to their wide range of distribution in nature and their ability to evade immune detection. an at nucleotide bias wa ...	2002	12214942
effect of vaccinations with recombinant fusion proteins on ancylostoma caninum habitat selection in the canine intestine.	laboratory dogs were vaccinated subcutaneously with 3 different recombinant fusion proteins, each precipitated with alum or calcium phosphate. the vaccinated dogs were then challenged orally with 400 third-stage infective larvae (l3) of the canine hookworm, ancylostoma caninum. the 3 a. caninum antigens selected were ac-tmp, an adult-specific secreted tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases; ac-ap, an adult-specific secreted factor xa serine protease inhibitor anticoagulant; and ac-arr-1, a catheps ...	2002	12197114
helminths in dogs from a peri-urban resource-limited community in free state province, south africa.	this study focused on the helminth parasites of dogs in the bloemfontein area of the free state province of south africa. samples were collected from 63 stray dogs destined for euthanasia. complete sets of samples, consisting of blood, faeces, adhesive tape swabs and organs (heart, lungs and complete gastro-intestinal tract) from each dog were examined for helminth parasites. dipylidium caninum was the most common helminth, and was recovered from 44% of dogs, followed by taenia spp. (33%), toxas ...	2002	12163245
molecular cloning and purification of ac-tmp, a developmentally regulated putative tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease released in relative abundance by adult ancylostoma hookworms.	a cdna encoding a putative tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease was cloned from an ancylostoma caninum adult hookworm cdna library by immunoscreening with anti-hookworm secretory products antiserum. ac-tmp (a. caninum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase) is encoded by a 480-bp mrna with a predicted open reading frame of 140 amino acids (molecular weight, 16,100 da) that contains one potential n-linked glycosylation site and an n-terminal cys-x-cys consensus sequence. the open reading frame corr ...	2002	12139214
evolution of glycoprotein hormone subunit genes in bilateral metazoa: identification of two novel human glycoprotein hormone subunit family genes, gpa2 and gpb5.	the canonical members of the human glycoprotein hormone subunit family of cystine knot-forming polypeptides include the common alpha-subunit, and four beta-subunit genes, fshbeta, lhbeta, tshbeta, and hcgbeta. using pairwise sequence analysis of the complete human genome, we have identified two novel glycoprotein hormone subunit-related genes. based on unique sequence similarity to the alpha- and beta-subunits of glycoprotein hormones, they were named glycoprotein-alpha2 (gpa2) and glycoprotein- ...	2002	12089349
a cathepsin l protease essential for caenorhabditis elegans embryogenesis is functionally conserved in parasitic nematodes.	proteolytic enzymes are involved in processes important to development and survival of many organisms. parasite proteases are considered potential targets of parasite control yet, for most, their precise physiological functions are unknown. validation of potential targets requires analysis of function. we have recently identified a cathepsin l (cpl) cysteine protease, ce-cpl-1, which is essential for embryonic development of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans. we now show that cpl g ...	2002	12076767
cutaneous larva migrans with parts of the larva in the epidermis.	creeping eruption is usually caused by hookworms, most commonly ancylostoma braziliensis and ancylostoma caninum. because lesions of cutaneous larva migrans have a typical clinical appearance, they are rarely biopsied. specimens usually show spongiotic dermatitis with spongiotic vesicles containing neutrophils and eosinophils and a mixed-cell dermal infiltrate with numerous eosinophils. we report a case with parts of the larva migrans in the epidermis on histologic examination.	2002	12041816
nematode anticoagulant protein c2 reveals a site on factor xa that is important for macromolecular substrate binding to human prothrombinase.	the binding of recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (napc2) to either factor x or xa is a requisite step in the pathway for the potent inhibition of viia tissue factor. we have used napc2 as a tight binding probe of human xa to investigate protein substrate recognition by the human prothrombinase complex. napc2 binds with high affinity (k(d) approximately 1 nm) to both x and xa in a way that does not require or occlude the active site of the enzyme. in contrast, napc2 is a tight binding ...	2002	12011050
fenbendazole treatment of pregnant bitches to reduce prenatal and lactogenic infections of toxocara canis and ancylostoma caninum in pups.	a granulated formulation of fenbendazole was tested in a total of 23 treated and control, pregnant, parasite-free beagle bitches experimentally infected with toxocara canis and ancylostoma caninum. the drug was administered to each treated bitch once daily in canned dog food at a dosage of 50 mg/kg body weight. each of 2 treatment regimens tested was initiated on the 40th day of pregnancy. one regimen involved daily treatment continuing through the 14th postpartum day, and it resulted in 89% few ...	1983	12002591
a developmentally regulated metalloprotease secreted by host-stimulated ancylostoma caninum third-stage infective larvae is a member of the astacin family of proteases.		2002	11897134
one confirmed and six suspected cases of cutaneous larva migrans caused by overseas infection with dog hookworm larvae.	cutaneous larva migrans (clm) is characterized as creeping eruption/serpiginous erythema and/or mobile erythematous induration on the skin. in japan, gnathostoma spp. are the most well known pathogens causing clm, especially the creeping eruption type. recently, spirurina type x larvae have been added to the list of causative agents for creeping eruption in japan. here we report one confirmed and 6 suspected cases of creeping eruption caused by infection with dog hookworm larvae. the patients we ...	2002	11890293
delineation of the key amino acids involved in neutrophil inhibitory factor binding to the i-domain supports a mosaic model for the capacity of integrin alphambeta 2 to recognize multiple ligands.	to gain insight into the mechanism by which the alpha(m)i-domain of integrin alpha(m)beta(2) interacts with multiple and unrelated ligands, the identity of the neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif) recognition site was sought. a systematic strategy in which individual amino acid residues within three previously implicated segments were changed to those in the alpha(l)i-domain, which is structurally very similar but does not bind nif, was implemented. the capacity of the resulting mutants, expressed ...	2002	11880366
time-dependent reversal of sepsis-induced pmn uptake and lung vascular injury by expression of cd18 antagonist.	we determined the time-dependent effects of conditional expression of neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a specific 41-kda cd18 integrin antagonist, on the time course of nif expression and lung pmn (polymorphonuclear leukocyte) infiltration and vascular injury in a model of escherichia coli-induced sepsis in mice. studies were made in mice transduced with the e-selectin (es) promoter-nif construct (using liposomes) in which the nif cdna was driven by the inflammation- and endothelial cell-spec ...	2002	11880306
response to carbon dioxide by the infective larvae of three species of parasitic nematodes.	the response of infective third-stage larvae (l3) of three species of parasitic nematodes, ancylostoma caninum, strongyloides stercoralis, and haemonchus contortus to carbon dioxide (co(2)) at physiological concentrations was investigated. l3 of the skin-penetrating species, a. caninum and s. stercoralis, were stimulated by co(2) at the concentration found in human breath (3.3-4%); these larvae responded by crawling actively, but not directionally. crawling was not stimulated by breath passed th ...	2002	11880227
effect of thiabendazole on ancylostoma caninum.	thiabendazole inhibits nematode development before the third stage is reached. the minimum effective concentration is 0.1 microgram/ml during the first 48 hours of development and 1.0 microgram/ml at 72 hours of development. the drug has no effect on the third stage but is again effective on larvae that have undergone 72 hours of development in the intestine of the specific host (dog). increasing concentrations of the drug seem to be necessary to kill the larvae as the organism progresses in dev ...	1965	11850956
effect of short-term coyote removal on populations of coyote helminths.	coyote (canis latrans) removal programs often are initiated despite the potential population regulatory mechanism of parasitism with increased coyote density. we investigated the effect of intensive, short-term coyote removal on population levels of helminths in juvenile and adult coyotes from western texas. coyotes were killed by aerial gunning every 3 mo for 2 yr on two 5,000 ha areas, which reduced the overall coyote density of these areas by about 50%. two other 5,000 ha areas were used as c ...	2002	11838229
single-strand conformation polymorphism-based analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 reveals significant substructuring in hookworm populations.	sequence heterogeneity in a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (pcox1) was measured for the hookworms, ancylostoma caninum from australia, a. duodenale from china, and necator americanus from china and togo using single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis combined with dna sequencing. the pcox1 sequences were characterised for individual nematodes displaying genetic variation within each of the three species, and those were compared with pcox1 sequences ...	2002	11824618
molecular cloning and characterization of ac-mep-1, a developmentally regulated gut luminal metalloendopeptidase from adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms.	a zinc metalloendopeptidase cdna (ac-mep-1) was cloned from ancylostoma caninum adult hookworms. ac-mep-1 is encoded by a 2.8 kb mrna with a predicted open reading frame (orf) of 870 amino acids (predicted pi=5.5, m.w.=98.7 kda) that contains four potential n-linked glycosylation sites and predicted zinc-binding domains (hexxh and enxadxgg). these domains represent signature sequences of the neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (neprilysin) family of enzymes. the orf corresponding to ac-mep-1 exhibited s ...	2002	11755191
molecular characterization of ancylostoma inhibitors of coagulation factor xa. hookworm anticoagulant activity in vitro predicts parasite bloodfeeding in vivo.	bloodfeeding hookworms, which currently infect over a billion people in the developing world, are a leading cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and iron deficiency anemia. the major anticoagulant inhibitor of coagulation factor xa has been identified from the hookworm parasite ancylostoma ceylanicum using reverse transcription pcr and 3'-rapid amplification of cdna ends. this is the first anticoagulant cloned from a hookworm species for which humans are recognized permissive hosts. despite appr ...	2002	11741914
nematode infections of the eye: toxocariasis and diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis.	in many parts of the world, parasitic infections of the eye are a major cause of blindness. the parasites toxocara canis, onchocerca volvulus, taenia solium, ancylostoma caninum, and cysticercus celulosae all have been responsible for blinding ocular infections. the nematodes t. canis and toxocara cati are parasitic roundworms that infect dogs (toxocarosis), other canidae, and cats. ocular toxocariasis is an uncommon worldwide infection caused by the nematode larvae of t. canis, commonly found i ...	2001	11734685
cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cell and eosinophil responses after challenge in mice vaccinated with living infective third-stage hookworm larvae.	to examine the quantitative and qualitative alterations in mast cells and eosinophils distributed in the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues of hookworm-infected, uninfected and vaccinated mice.	1999	11721464
electron and light microscopy of neutrophil responses in mice vaccinated and challenged with third-stage infective hookworm (ancylostoma caninum) larvae.	the role of neutrophils in mediating host inflammation was examined in mice vaccinated with living third-stage infective hookworm larvae (l3). mice were vaccinated by oral immunization with 500 l3 (ancylostoma caninum) once every 2 weeks for a total of three immunizations. the vaccinated mice were then challenged intraperitoneally with 2000 l3) 1 week after the final immunization. to stimulate peritoneal production of neutrophils, 2 ml of 2% glycogen were injected intraperitoneally at 16 h prior ...	2001	11719110
the role of tissue factor/factor viia in the pathophysiology of acute thrombotic formation.	tissue factor (tf) is the essential cofactor for the coagulation protease factor viia (fviia), initiating the coagulation cascade. the role of tf in thrombotic diseases is becoming increasingly evident. recent findings suggest that inhibition of tf/fviia activity could be important in the prevention of clinical sequelae associated with plaque rupture or vessel damage that exposes tf to blood. furthermore, selective inhibitors of tf/fviia may be associated with less bleeding risk than other antit ...	2001	11714090
expression and immune recognition of brugia malayi val-1, a homologue of vespid venom allergens and ancylostoma secreted proteins.	several important nematode parasites have been found to express members of a gene family variously termed as venom allergen antigen homologue (vah) or ancylostoma secreted protein (asp). in some cases these products are secreted by infective larval stages and have been suggested to be effective vaccine immunogens. we isolated the corresponding gene from the human filarial nematode, brugia malayi, by first searching the expressed sequence tag (est) dataset generated by the filarial genome project ...	2001	11704277
enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blotting analysis of human serologic responses to infective hookworm larval antigen.	to explore the possibility of using specific antigens for immunodiagnosis of hookworm disease in endemic area.	1999	11593560
helminths in dogs belonging to people in a resource-limited urban community in gauteng, south africa.	one hundred and sixty-four faecal samples, 148 adhesive tape swabs and 132 blood samples were collected from dogs in boksburg, gauteng, to assess the prevalence of helminth parasites in the area. sixty-nine of these dogs were also necropsied and helminths recovered from the gastro-intestinal tracts. ancylostoma caninum was the most common helminth and was present in 88% of the dogs, followed by dipylidium caninum in 39% of dogs, toxocara canis in 36%, ancylostoma braziliense in 20%, spirocerca l ...	2001	11585088
immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia: possible association with ancylostoma caninum infection in three dogs.	immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia (imha) may be primary or secondary. in primary imha, no underlying cause can be found, whereas secondary imha is triggered by an underlying cause, such as neoplasia, infectious diseases, or drugs. this paper describes 3 dogs with typical signs of imha that was possibly associated with the intestinal parasite ancylostoma caninum. as intestinal helminths can be difficult to diagnose on faecal examination, it would be pertinent to perform multiple faecal examinati ...	2001	11563722
in vitro reactivation of ancylostoma caninum tissue-arrested third-stage larvae by transforming growth factor-beta.	developmental arrest in ancylostoma caninum is associated with preparasitic, free-living third-stage (l3) larvae, as well as anthelmintic-resilient hypobiotic l3 larvae within the tissues of an infected dog. with the tissue-arrested larvae, pregnancy and, more specifically, the hormonal effects of estrogen and prolactin mediate reactivation resulting in transmammary transmission of infection to nursing puppies. estrogen and prolactin have been shown to be critically involved in upregulation of t ...	2001	11534634
helminths in the wolf, canis lupus, from north-western spain.	fifteen helminth species were collected from 47 wolves (canis lupus ) which were surveyed from 1993 to 1999 in northwestern spain. these included the trematode alaria alata (2.1%); the cestodes taenia hydatigena (44.7%), t. multiceps (29.8%), t. serialis (2.1%), dipylidium caninum (6.4%) and mesocestoides sp. aff. litteratus (4.2%); and the nematodes pearsonema plica (7.4%), trichuris vulpis (10.6%), trichinella britovi (12.8%), ancylostoma caninum (8.5%), uncinaria stenocephala (51.1%), toxocar ...	2001	11520444
giardia trophozoites in dog hookworm, ancylostoma caninum: accident or hyperparasitism?	during the course of transmission electron microscopic studies of adult ancylostoma caninum removed from a dog, several giardia trophozoites were found in sections of the buccal cavity, oesophagus and intestine of several hookworms. although the protozoa appeared viable, this unusual finding probably represents accidental uptake by, rather than an established infection of, the hookworm. it is feasible, however, that the trophozoites might have survived and even multiplied in this aberrant site.	2001	11495647
the structure and evolution of penelope in the virilis species group of drosophila: an ancient lineage of retroelements.	the penelope element is the key element responsible for mobilization of other transposable elements in the course of hybrid dysgenesis in drosophila virilis. penelope has an unusually complex, highly variable organization in all studied species of the virlis group. thc bridge1 element from the fish fugu rubripes is homologous to penelope, and database searches detected additional homologous sequences among expressed sequence tags from the flatworm schistosoma mansonii and the nematode ancylostom ...	2001	11443348
dose-response study of recombinant factor viia/tissue factor inhibitor recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 in prevention of postoperative venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing total knee replacement.	with the best prophylactics now available, venous thromboembolism after total knee replacement remains substantial (25% to 27%). recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent inhibitor of factor viia/tissue factor complex that has the potential to reduce this risk. the present study was performed to determine an efficacious and safe dose of rnapc2 for prevention of venous thromboembolism after elective, unilateral total knee replacement.	2001	11435341
antibodies to selected canine pathogens and infestation with intestinal helminths in golden jackals (canis aureus) in israel.	blood and fecal samples, collected from 46 healthy adult free-ranging golden jackals captured in two different locations in israel, were examined. a serological study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of circulating antibodies reacting with four common canine pathogens: canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus (cpv), ehrlichia canis and leishmania infantum. faecal flotation and haematological tests were also performed. the seroprevalence of cpv, e. canis, cdv, and l. infantum we ...	2001	11409931
ability of recombinant factor viia to generate thrombin during inhibition of tissue factor in human subjects.	in view of the central role of the tissue factor-factor viia pathway in the initiation of blood coagulation, novel therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting this catalytic complex are currently being evaluated. a limitation of this new class of anticoagulants may be the lack of an appropriate strategy to reverse the effect if a bleeding event occurs. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo potential of recombinant factor viia (rviia) to induce thrombin generation in healthy subject ...	2001	11382723
ancylostoma caninum anticoagulant peptide-5: immunolocalization and in vitro neutralization of a major hookworm anti-thrombotic.	hookworm infection is a major cause of gastrointestinal blood loss and iron deficiency anemia in the developing world. recently two major anticoagulant serine protease inhibitors have been identified and cloned from adult ancylostoma caninum hookworms. one of these, a. caninum anticoagulant peptide 5 (acap5), is a potent and specific inhibitor of human coagulation factor xa. a polyclonal igg has been purified from rabbits immunized with recombinant acap5 using affinity chromatography. using immu ...	2001	11377744
specific detection of neospora caninum oocysts in fecal samples from experimentally-infected dogs using the polymerase chain reaction.	neospora caninum oocysts, passed in the feces of a definitive host (dog), were isolated, and genomic dna was extracted. a polymerase cahin reaction (pcr) targeting the n. caninum-specific nc 5 genomic sequence was performed using the isolated dna. a synthesized competitor molecule containing part of the nc 5 sequence was included in the assay as a check against false-negative pcr results and to quantify n. caninum oocyst dna in fecal samples. a standard curve of the ratio of fluorescence intensi ...	2001	11318571
vaccination with neutrophil inhibitory factor reduces the fecundity of the hookworm ancylostoma ceylanicum.	neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a protein isolated from hookworms of the genus ancylostoma, inhibits cd11b/18-dependent leucocyte function, binding to the i domain of cd11b. historically, nif was serendipitously isolated from whole worm extracts during a search for novel antihaemostatic agents, and little is known of its source or biological significance to the parasite. nif has also been identified as a possible hookworm vaccine candidate. ancylostoma ceylanicum recombinant nif, expressed i ...	2001	11309134
preliminary analysis of the proteolytic enzymes in the excretory-secretory products of the adult stages of the dog hookworm uncinaria stenocephala.	the paper describes an introductory characterisation of proteinases present in the excretory-secretory products (esp) of adult uncinaria stenocephala. in sds-page gelatine substrate gels esp resolved as a six bands of proteolytic activity, with a molecular weight of 182, 159, 98, 50, 39 and 26 kda. the 98 and 39 kda components were serine proteinases. the 50 kda band was sensitive to a metalloproteinase inhibitor. the 26 kda component was highly sensitive to cysteine proteinase inhibitors and wa ...	2001	11304953
ancylostoma caninum: the finger cell neurons mediate thermotactic behavior by infective larvae of the dog hookworm.	bhopale, v. m., kupprion, e. k., ashton, f. t., boston, r., and schad, g. a. 2001. ancylostoma caninum: the finger cell neurons mediate thermotactic behavior by infective larvae of the dog hookworm. experimental parasitology 97, 70-76. in the amphids (anteriorly positioned, paired sensilla) of the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans, the so-called finger cells (afd), a pair of neurons, each of which ends in a cluster of microvilli-like projections, are known to be the primary thermorecep ...	2001	11281703
role of zymogen and activated factor x as scaffolds for the inhibition of the blood coagulation factor viia-tissue factor complex by recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2.	recombinant nematode anticoagulant protein c2 (rnapc2) is a potent, factor xa (fxa)-dependent small protein inhibitor of factor viia-tissue factor (fviia.tf), which binds to a site on fxa that is distinct from the catalytic center (exo-site). in the present study, the role of other fx derivatives in presenting rnapc2 to fviia.tf is investigated. catalytically active and active site blocked fxa, as well as a plasma-derived and an activation-resistant mutant of zymogen fx bound to rnapc2 with comp ...	2001	11139576
purification of a diagnostic, secreted cysteine protease-like protein from the hookworm ancylostoma caninum.	the enteric infection of humans with the canine hookworm ancylostoma caninum varies in its clinical presentation, ranging from asymptomatic to eosinophilic gastroenteritis requiring surgical intervention. infections are not patent, but can be diagnosed immunologically by detecting antibodies to an immunodominant secreted hookworm protein termed ac68. to characterise ac68, we purified the native protein from a. caninum excretory/secretory products using size exclusion followed by anion exchange c ...	2000	11077267
novel, potent and selective chimeric fxa inhibitors featuring hydrophobic p1-ketoamide moieties.	judicious combination of p-region sequences of highly potent anticoagulant proteins including nap5, nap6, ecotin, and antistasin with sar from small molecule fxa inhibitors led to a series of chimeric inhibitors of formula 1a-j. we report herein the design, synthesis, and biological activity of this novel family of fxa inhibitors that express both high in vitro potency and superb selectivity against related serine proteases.	2000	11055344
novel inhibitors of factor x for use in cardiovascular diseases.	the complementary roles of platelets and thrombin in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes suggests that for treatment to be effective, both mediators must be targeted. although great strides have been made in the development of antiplatelet therapies, attempts to inhibit thrombin have been less successful. unfractionated heparin is limited by a number of pharmacologic shortcomings as well as an inability to meaningfully suppress thrombin generation. the low molecular weight heparins h ...	2000	10980906
sequence differences in the internal transcribed spacers of dna among four species of hookworm (ancylostomatoidea: ancylostoma).	the two ribosomal dna internal transcribed spacers (1 and 2) of the hookworms ancylostoma caninum, a. tubaeforme, a. ceylanicum and a. duodenale were sequenced. the sequence lengths were similar among the four species, except that a. ceylanicum had slightly longer (by 5-7 bp) internal transcribed spacer 1 and 2 sequences. the predicted secondary structure of the internal transcribed spacer 2 precursor rrna was similar for all species, despite interspecific differences in primary sequence ranging ...	1999	10961853
beta(2)-integrin blockade driven by e-selectin promoter prevents neutrophil sequestration and lung injury in mice.	interaction of cd11/cd18 beta(2) integrins on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) with their counterreceptor, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, on the surface of vascular endothelial cells is a critical event mediating stable pmn adhesion and migration across the pulmonary vascular endothelial barrier. neutrophil inhibitory factor (nif), a 41-kda glycoprotein isolated from the canine hookworm (ancylostoma caninum), binds to the i domain of cd11a and cd11b and inhibits beta(2) integrin-dependent ...	2000	10926878