Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| the bovine paranasal sinuses: bacterial flora, epithelial expression of nitric oxide and potential role in the in-herd persistence of respiratory disease pathogens. | the bovine paranasal sinuses are a group of complex cavernous air-filled spaces, lined by respiratory epithelium, the exact function of which is unclear. while lesions affecting these sinuses are occasionally reported in cattle, their microbial flora has not been defined. furthermore, given that the various bacterial and viral pathogens causing bovine respiratory disease (brd) persist within herds, we speculated that the paranasal sinuses may serve as a refuge for such infectious agents. the par ... | 2017 | 28282443 |
| meteorological factors on the incidence of mp and rsv pneumonia in children. | pneumonia is common in children and mostly caused by many pathogens. the aim of this study was to investigate whether the incidence of pediatric mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) pneumonia and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia was associated with meteorological factors in hangzhou, china. | 2017 | 28282391 |
| a new hexahydrobenzopyran derivative from the gorgonian-derived fungus eutypella sp. | a new hexahydrobenzopyran derivative cytosporin l (1), and another eight known compounds were isolated from the gorgonian-derived fungus eutypella sp. collected from the south china sea. the structure of 1 was elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data. the absolute configuration of 1 was determined by a chemical reaction and the modified mosher's method. the isolated secondary metabolites were evaluated for their antibacterial activities. compound 1 showed antibacterial activity towards mic ... | 2017 | 28278631 |
| influenza and other respiratory viruses: standardizing disease severity in surveillance and clinical trials. | influenza-like illness is a leading cause of hospitalization in children. disease burden due to influenza and other respiratory viral infections is reported on a population level, but clinical scores measuring individual changes in disease severity are urgently needed. areas covered: we present a composite clinical score allowing individual patient data analyses of disease severity based on systematic literature review and who-criteria for uncomplicated and complicated disease. the 22-item vivi ... | 2017 | 28277820 |
| testing for urinary tract infection in the influenza/respiratory syncytial virus-positive febrile infant aged 2 to 12 months. | infants 12 months or younger with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) commonly present to the emergency department (ed) with fever. previous publications have recommended that these patients have a urinalysis and urine culture performed. we aimed to assess the prevalence of urinary tract infection (uti) in febrile rsv/influenza positive infants aged 2 to 12 months presenting to the ed. we also examined whether the 2011 american academy of pediatrics (aap) uti clinical practice guidel ... | 2017 | 28277411 |
| benzimidazole-based derivatives as privileged scaffold developed for the treatment of the rsv infection: a computational study exploring the potency and cytotoxicity profiles. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been identified as a main cause of hospitalisation in infants and children. to date, the current therapeutic arsenal is limited to ribavirin and palivizumab with variable efficacy. in this work, starting from a number of in-house series of previously described anti-rsv agents based on the benzimidazole scaffold, with the aim at gaining a better understanding of the related chemical features involved in potency and safety profiles, we applied a computational ... | 2017 | 28276287 |
| mutating the cx3c motif in the g protein should make a live respiratory syncytial virus vaccine safer and more effective. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) belongs to the family paramyxoviridae and is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children, yet no highly effective treatment or vaccine is available. through a cx3c chemokine motif ((182)cwaic(186)) in the g protein, rsv binds to the corresponding chemokine receptor, cx3cr1. since rsv binding to cx3cr1 contributes to disease pathogenesis, we investigated whether a mutation in the cx3c motif by insertion of an al ... | 2017 | 28275196 |
| cpg in combination with an inhibitor of notch signaling suppresses formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus-enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation by inhibiting th17 memory responses and promoting tissue-resident memory cells in lungs. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of childhood hospitalizations. the formalin-inactivated rsv (fi-rsv) vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease (erd) has been an obstacle to the development of a safe and effective killed rsv vaccine. agonists of toll-like receptor (tlr) have been shown to regulate immune responses induced by fi-rsv. notch signaling plays critical roles during the differentiation and effector function phases of innate and adaptive immune responses. cross talk bet ... | 2017 | 28275186 |
| broadly reactive anti-rsv g antibodies from exposed individuals effectively inhibit infection of primary airway epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory disease in young children. antibodies specific for the rsv prefusion f protein have guided rsv vaccine research and in human serum these antibodies attribute to >90% of the neutralization response, however detailed insight in the composition of the human b cell repertoire against rsv is still largely unknown. in order to study the b cell repertoire of 3 healthy donors for specificity against rsv, cd27(+) memory b cells were isolated and ... | 2017 | 28275185 |
| a recombinant subunit vaccine for bovine rsv and histophilus somni protects calves against dual pathogen challenge. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and histophilus somni synergize to cause respiratory disease in cattle. these pathogens cause enhanced disease during dual-infection and an ige response to antigens of h. somni in dual-infected but not singly infected calves. vaccines containing whole inactivated brsv or h. somni have been associated with ige responses a vaccine strategy that avoids stimulation of ige antibodies would provide superior protection from dual infection. we hypothesized that ... | 2017 | 28274639 |
| immunological features of respiratory syncytial virus-caused pneumonia-implications for vaccine design. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the causative agent for high rates of hospitalizations due to viral bronchiolitis and pneumonia worldwide. such a disease is characterized by an infection of epithelial cells of the distal airways that leads to inflammation and subsequently to respiratory failure. upon infection, different pattern recognition receptors recognize the virus and trigger the innate immune response against the hrsv. further, t cell immunity plays an important role for v ... | 2017 | 28273842 |
| novel recombinant dna vaccine candidates for human respiratory syncytial virus: preclinical evaluation of immunogenicity and protection efficiency. | the development of safe and potent vaccines for human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is still a challenge for researchers worldwide. dna-based immunization is currently a promising approach that has been used to generate human vaccines for different age groups. in this study, novel hrsv dna vaccine candidates were generated and preclinically tested in balb/c mice. three different versions of the codon-optimized hrsv fusion (f) gene were individually cloned into the ppoe vector. the new recom ... | 2017 | 28272978 |
| the interdependencies of viral load, the innate immune response, and clinical outcome in children presenting to the emergency department with respiratory syncytial virus-associated bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes significant infant morbidity and mortality. for decades severe rsv-induced disease was thought to result from an uncontrolled host response to viral replication, but recent work suggests that a strong innate immune response early in infection is protective. to shed light on host-virus interactions and the viral determinants of disease, copy numbers of five rsv genes (ns1, ns2, n, g, f) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpc ... | 2017 | 28267794 |
| report from the world health organization's third product development for vaccines advisory committee (pdvac) meeting, geneva, 8-10th june 2016. | the third meeting of who's product development for vaccines advisory committee (pdvac) was held in june 2016, with a remit to revisit the pathogen areas for which significant progress has occurred since recommendations from the 2015 meeting, as well as to consider new advances in the development of vaccines against other pathogens. since the previous meeting, significant progress has been made with regulatory approvals of the first malaria and dengue vaccines, and the first phase iii trials of a ... | 2017 | 28262332 |
| [the interactions between microorganisms and the small airways. a paediatric focus]. | the spectrum of respiratory viruses is expanding and emerging diseases have been described regularly over the last fifteen years. the origin of these emerging respiratory viruses may be zoonotic (by crossing species barrier, after changes to rna viruses such as avian influenza virus type a or coronaviruses), or related to the use of new identification techniques (metapneumovirus, bocavirus). the relationship between bronchiolitis and asthma is now better understood thanks to prospective follow u ... | 2017 | 28262277 |
| the influence of the microbiome on early-life severe viral lower respiratory infections and asthma-food for thought? | severe viral lower respiratory infections are a major cause of infant morbidity. in developing countries, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-bronchiolitis induces significant mortality, whereas in developed nations the disease represents a major risk factor for subsequent asthma. susceptibility to severe rsv-bronchiolitis is governed by gene-environmental interactions that affect the host response to rsv infection. emerging evidence suggests that the excessive inflammatory response and ensuing im ... | 2017 | 28261214 |
| peritonsillar abscess: clinical aspects of microbiology, risk factors, and the association with parapharyngeal abscess. | pta is a collection of pus located between the tonsillar capsule and the pharyngeal constrictor muscle. it is considered a complication of acute tonsillitis and is the most prevalent deep neck infection (approximately 2000 cases annually in denmark) and cause of acute admission to danish ent departments. teenagers and young adults are most commonly affected and males may predominate over females. however, no studies of age- and gender-stratified incidence rates have previously been published. fu ... | 2017 | 28260599 |
| pitfalls in interpretation of ct-values of rt-pcr in children with acute respiratory tract infections. | the relation between viral load and disease severity in childhood acute respiratory tract infections (ari) is not fully understood. | 2017 | 28259567 |
| enhanced humoral and cd8+ t cell immunity in mice vaccinated by dna vaccine against human respiratory syncytial virus through targeting the encoded f protein to dendritic cells. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised population. there is no licensed vaccine against rsv until now. it has been reported that targeting antigen to dec205, a phagocytosis receptor on dendritic cells (dcs), could induce enhanced cd4+ and cd8+ t cell responses in mice. to develop rsv dna vaccine and target the encoded antigen protein to dcs, the ectodomain of fusion glycop ... | 2017 | 28259002 |
| neutralization of nerve growth factor (ngf) inhibits the th2 response and protects against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. | increasing evidence suggests that respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection during the early life is an important risk factor for the development of asthma. rsv infection is associated with neurogenic inflammation in the airways along with the increased expression of nerve growth factor (ngf). however, the role of ngf in rsv infection is not clear. in this study, we infected the rat with rsv and treated these animals with anti-ngf neutralization antibody. we found that anti-ngf treatment signi ... | 2017 | 28258348 |
| systematic analysis of cell-type differences in the epithelial secretome reveals insights into the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus-induced lower respiratory tract infections. | lower respiratory tract infections from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are due, in part, to secreted signals from lower airway cells that modify the immune response and trigger airway remodeling. to understand this process, we applied an unbiased quantitative proteomics analysis of the rsv-induced epithelial secretory response in cells representative of the trachea versus small airway bronchiolar cells. a workflow was established using telomerase-immortalized human epithelial cells that revea ... | 2017 | 28258195 |
| indications to respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis in the 29-32 wga group: is there still room for debating? | guidelines on immunoprophylaxis for prevention of rsv infection recommend it in preterm babies born before 29 wga; in babies affected by bronchopulmonary dysplasia or congenital heart defects; and in post-heart transplantation patients. on the contrary, immunoprophylaxis is not recommended in preterm babies born between 29 and 35 wga. we evaluated the impact of rsv-related healthcare expenditures in infants in the first 3 years of life in italy, lombardy region. in light of the collected data an ... | 2017 | 28257653 |
| regional diversification of influenza activity in poland during the 2015/16 epidemic season. | the national influenza center (nic) at the department of influenza research of the national institute for public health-national institute of hygiene (niph-nih) participates in the global influenza surveillance and response system (gisrs) and continuously coordinates epidemiological and virological surveillance of influenza in poland. the aim of this study was to determine the regional differences of influenza activity in poland in the 2015/16 epidemic season. the influenza surveillance involved ... | 2017 | 28255914 |
| crucial roles of reactive chemical species in modification of respiratory syncytial virus by nitrogen gas plasma. | the exact mechanisms by which nanoparticles, especially those composed of soft materials, are modified by gas plasma remain unclear. here, we used respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which has a diameter of 80-350nm, as a model system to identify important factors for gas plasma modification of nanoparticles composed of soft materials. nitrogen gas plasma, generated by applying a short high-voltage pulse using a static induction (si) thyristor power supply produced reactive chemical species (rcs) ... | 2017 | 28254277 |
| reduced prf1 enhancer methylation in children with a history of severe rsv bronchiolitis in infancy: an association study. | acute lower respiratory tract infection is the commonest disease affecting children under five worldwide. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is among the most common causative pathogens. epidemiological data suggest an association between severe viral respiratory infections in infancy and increased incidence of childhood wheeze and asthma. dna methylation is involved in immune cell differentiation and identity. it provides an avenue for environmental influences on the genome and therefore has pot ... | 2017 | 28253869 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization risk in the second year of life by specific congenital heart disease diagnoses. | children with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (chd) are at elevated risk of morbidity and mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease compared to their healthy peers. previous studies have demonstrated lower rsv hospitalization risk among all children with chd at 12-23 months of age versus 0-11 months of age. however, rsv hospitalization risk at 12-23 months of age by specific chd diagnosis has not been characterized. both case-control and cohort studies were ... | 2017 | 28253361 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine vectored by a stable chimeric and replication-deficient sendai virus protects mice without inducing enhanced disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of severe respiratory infections in children and elderly people and no marketed vaccine exists. in this study, we generated and analyzed a subunit vaccine against rsv based on a novel genome replication-deficient sendai virus (sev) vector. we inserted the rsv f protein, known as a genetically stable antigen, into our vector in a specific way to optimize the vaccine features. exchanging the ectodomain of the sev f protein with its counterpart fro ... | 2017 | 28250126 |
| identification of non-nucleoside inhibitors of the respiratory syncytial virus polymerase complex. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) represents a threat to infants, the elderly, and the immunocompromised. rsv entry blockers are in clinical trials, but escape mutations challenge their potential. in search of rsv inhibitors, we have integrated a signature resistance mutation into a recombinant rsv virus and applied the strain to high-throughput screening. counterscreening of candidates returned 14 confirmed hits with activities in the nano- to low-micromolar range. all blocked rsv polymerase ac ... | 2017 | 28245119 |
| modulation of the host immune response by respiratory syncytial virus proteins. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe respiratory disease in both the very young and the elderly. nearly all individuals become infected in early childhood, and reinfections with the virus are common throughout life. despite its clinical impact, there remains no licensed rsv vaccine. rsv infection in the respiratory tract induces an inflammatory response by the host to facilitate efficient clearance of the virus. however, the host immune response also contributes to the respiratory dis ... | 2017 | 28243940 |
| the clinical and phylogenetic investigation for a nosocomial outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in an adult hemato-oncology unit. | although many reports have already shown rsv outbreaks among hemato-oncology patients, genomic studies detecting similar rsv strains prior to an outbreak in the hospital are rare. in 2014, the university of the ryukyus hospital hemato-oncology unit experienced, and successfully managed, a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nosocomial outbreak. during the outbreak investigation, genotyping and phylogenetic analysis was used to identify a potential source for the outbreak. nasopharyngeal swabs were ... | 2017 | 28240370 |
| a comparison of host gene expression signatures associated with infection in vitro by the makona and ecran (mayinga) variants of ebola virus. | the ebola virus (ebov) variant makona (which emerged in 2013) was the causative agent of the largest outbreak of ebola virus disease recorded. differences in virus-host interactions between viral variants have potential consequences for transmission, disease severity and mortality. a detailed profile of the cellular changes induced by the makona variant compared with other ebola virus variants was lacking. in this study, a549 cells, a human cell line with a robust innate response, were infected ... | 2017 | 28240256 |
| population pharmacokinetic modeling of jnj-53718678, a novel fusion inhibitor for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus: results from a phase i, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled first-in-human study in healthy adult subjects. | jnj-53718678 is a potent small-molecule inhibitor of the f-glycoprotein-mediated complex membrane fusion process of the respiratory syncytial virus. here, we report the pharmacokinetics, the population pharmacokinetic modeling, and the safety and tolerability of jnj-53718678 from the first-in-human, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase i study. | 2017 | 28238203 |
| impact of the 2014 american academy of pediatrics guidance on respiratory syncytial virus and bronchiolitis hospitalization rates for infants born prematurely. | 2017 | 28237377 | |
| one-year observational study of palivizumab prophylaxis on infants at risk for respiratory syncytial virus infection in latin america. | this study aims to describe real world palivizumab use and effectiveness in high-risk latin american infants and young children. | 2017 | 28236418 |
| sensitive detection of respiratory syncytial virus based on a dual signal amplified plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the timely detection of infectious pathogen is critical in clinical early diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. plasmonic enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), by means of enzyme-mediated growth or aggregation of aunps, has received considerable attention because it allows a naked-eye detection of target in very low numbers. in this work, a dual-signal amplified plasmonic elisa combined the high loading capacity of magnetic beads with the establishing stimulation effect of zinc io ... | 2017 | 28231882 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infects regulatory b cells in human neonates via chemokine receptor cx3cr1 and promotes lung disease severity. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and is characterized by pulmonary infiltration of b cells in fatal cases. we analyzed the b cell compartment in human newborns and identified a population of neonatal regulatory b lymphocytes (nbreg cells) that produced interleukin 10 (il-10) in response to rsv infection. the polyreactive b cell receptor of nbreg cells interacted with rsv protein f and induced upregulation of chemokine receptor ... | 2017 | 28228284 |
| protective and harmful immunity to rsv infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an exceptional mucosal pathogen. it specializes in infection of the ciliated respiratory epithelium, causing disease of variable severity with little or no direct systemic effects. it infects virtually all children by the age of three years and then repeatedly infects throughout life; this it does despite relatively slight variations in antigenicity, apparently by inducing selective immunological amnesia. inappropriate or dysregulated responses to rsv can be ... | 2017 | 28226227 |
| development of taqman rt-qpcr for the detection of type a human respiratory syncytial virus. | the human respiratory syncytial virus is a common respiratory pathogen in children. improved diagnosis of the virus is dependent on the development of tools for the rapid detection and estimation of the viral loads. in the current study, rt-qpcr using taqman hydrolysis probe based on the f gene detection was developed to identify and quantify hrsv in clinical samples. the assay was validated by comparing the results with a commercially available rt-qpcr kit. the newly developed assay was sensiti ... | 2017 | 28223170 |
| feasibility of multiple breath washout measurements in infants with bronchiolitis: a pilot study. | lung clearance index (lci) reflects ventilation inhomogeneity and is raised in obstructive airway disease. feasibility of multiple breath washout (mbw) measurement during acute lung disease in infants is unknown. as a further measure of disease, exhaled nitric oxide (eno) may paradoxically decrease in acute bronchiolitis. we hypothesized that mbw measurements were attainable in infants with bronchiolitis and that lci was raised and eno reduced, compared to normal controls. | 2017 | 28221737 |
| aptamers for respiratory syncytial virus detection. | the identification of the infectious agents is pivotal for appropriate care of patients with viral diseases. current viral diagnostics rely on selective detection of viral nucleic acid or protein components. in general, detection of proteins rather than nucleic acids is technically more suitable for rapid tests. however, protein-based virus identification methods depend on antibodies limiting the practical applicability of these approaches. aptamers rival antibodies in target selectivity and bin ... | 2017 | 28220811 |
| natural helper cells are associated with the exacerbated airway inflammation seen during rsv reinfection of neonatally primed mice. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in neonatal mice causes more aggressive airway disease when the mice are reinfected with the same virus as adults. however, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this phenomenon are not entirely defined. natural helper (nh) cells are considered a key factor for virus-induced or exacerbated airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness by producing type 2 cytokines. to confirm whether nh cells are involved in the aggravated lung pathology ... | 2017 | 28219838 |
| [adult immunisation: general points, hot topics and perspectives]. | vaccination in immunocompetent adult mainly concerns booster vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, polio and pertussis. some chronic diseases may also require the achievement of pneumococcal and influenza vaccines. in addition, from the age of 65, annual influenza vaccination as well as one dose of a live attenuated shingles vaccine between 64 and 75 years are recommended. immunocompromised adults, due to the increased risk of serious infections responsible of significant morbidity and mortal ... | 2017 | 28214181 |
| molecular characterization and clinical epidemiology of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) a and b in hospitalized children, southern brazil. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major etiologic agent of pediatric respiratory infections. genetic variability of its glycoprotein g enables hrsv to evade the immune response and determines its seasonal dissemination. this study reports genetic variability and clinical profiles of hrsv-infected patients from southern brazil. seventy positive samples, 78% type a and 22% type b, were analyzed. of the patients (median age, 6 months; interquartile range, 2-11 years), 16% had co-morbidi ... | 2017 | 28213974 |
| post-extubation stridor in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: is there a role for prophylactic dexamethasone? | the purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of reintubation due to upper airway obstruction in a homogeneous group of ventilated infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. our secondary objective was to determine whether prophylactic administration of dexamethasone prior to extubation was associated with decreased risk of reintubation. | 2017 | 28207796 |
| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects cd4+ t cells: frequency of circulating cd4+ rsv+ t cells as a marker of disease severity in young children. | although human airway epithelial cells are the main target of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), it also infects immune cells, such as macrophages and b cells. whether t cells are permissive to rsv infection is unknown. we sought to analyze the permissiveness of cd4+ t cells to rsv infection. | 2017 | 28199704 |
| in reply: completed weeks of gestation and risk of respiratory syncytial virus in late preterm infants. | 2017 | 28198790 | |
| utility of assessing cytokine levels for the differential diagnosis of pneumonia in a pediatric population. | although pneumonia is easily diagnosed, determining the causative agent is difficult due to low pathogen detection rates. we performed a prospective observational study to evaluate the utility of measuring inflammatory cytokine levels to discriminate between pneumonia caused by typical bacteria, respiratory syncytial virus, or mycoplasma pneumoniae in a pediatric population. | 2017 | 28198756 |
| enteric helminth-induced type i interferon signaling protects against pulmonary virus infection through interaction with the microbiota. | helminth parasites have been reported to have beneficial immunomodulatory effects in patients with allergic and autoimmune conditions and detrimental consequences in patients with tuberculosis and some viral infections. their role in coinfection with respiratory viruses is not clear. | 2017 | 28196762 |
| potent single-domain antibodies that arrest respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein in its prefusion state. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in young children. the rsv fusion protein (f) is highly conserved and is the only viral membrane protein that is essential for infection. the prefusion conformation of rsv f is considered the most relevant target for antiviral strategies because it is the fusion-competent form of the protein and the primary target of neutralizing activity present in human serum. here, we describe two llama-derived sin ... | 2017 | 28194013 |
| viral aetiology of bronchiolitis in hospitalised children in qatar. | bronchiolitis is considered one of the earliest and most common causes of hospitalisation in young children. development of molecular technologies allowed a better understanding of bronchiolitis aetiology. results from cohort studies evaluating the association between single, multiple viral infections and clinical outcomes are conflicting. data on viral bronchiolitis in children were found to be limited in qatar. this study aimed to determine frequency and seasonal trends of viral pathogens caus ... | 2017 | 28193180 |
| palivizumab exposure and the risk of atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a cross-national, population-based cohort study. | palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody designed to provide passive immunity against respiratory syncytial virus. it is prescribed to children at high risk for severe infection with respiratory syncytial virus. however, little is known about the risk of the immune-mediated diseases atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis after palivizumab exposure. | 2017 | 28188494 |
| respiratory virus infection up-regulates trpv1, trpa1 and asics3 receptors on airway cells. | receptors implicated in cough hypersensitivity are transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (trpv1), transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily a, member 1 (trpa1) and acid sensing ion channel receptor 3 (asic3). respiratory viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and measles virus (mv) may interact directly and/or indirectly with these receptors on sensory nerves and epithelial cells in the airways. we used in vitro models of sensory neurones (shsy5y or differentiated imr ... | 2017 | 28187208 |
| in reply: statistical power to detect an association between guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 2017 | 28187117 | |
| statistical power to detect an association between guideline-based palivizumab administration and hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 2017 | 28187116 | |
| human rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract of hematopoietic cell transplant recipients: association with mortality. | human rhinoviruses are the most common respiratory viruses detected in patients after hematopoietic cell transplantation. although rhinovirus appears to occasionally cause severe lower respiratory tract infection in immunocompromised patients, the clinical significance of rhinovirus detection in the lower respiratory tract remains unknown. we evaluated 697 recipients transplanted between 1993 and 2015 with rhinovirus in respiratory samples. as comparative cohorts, 273 recipients with lower respi ... | 2017 | 28183847 |
| rapid and sensitive real-time assay for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus using rt-siba®. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common causes of respiratory tract infections among young children and the elderly. timely and accurate diagnosis of respiratory tract infections improves patient care and minimizes unnecessary prescriptions of antibiotics. we sought to develop a rapid nucleic acid tests for the detection of rsv within minutes, while retaining the high sensitivity achieved with rt-pcr. | 2017 | 28183291 |
| etiology of severe pneumonia in ecuadorian children. | in latin america, community-acquired pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children. few studies have examined the etiology of pneumonia in ecuador. | 2017 | 28182741 |
| the human immune response to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important etiological agent of respiratory infections, particularly in children. much information regarding the immune response to rsv comes from animal models and in vitro studies. here, we provide a comprehensive description of the human immune response to rsv infection, based on a systematic literature review of research on infected humans. there is an initial strong neutrophil response to rsv infection in humans, which is positively correlated with dis ... | 2017 | 28179378 |
| prenatal exposure to respiratory syncytial virus alters postnatal immunity and airway smooth muscle contractility during early-life reinfections. | maternal viral infections can have pathological effects on the developing fetus which last long after birth. recently, maternal-fetal transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was shown to cause postnatal airway hyperreactivity (ahr) during primary early-life reinfection; however, the influence of prenatal exposure to rsv on offspring airway immunity and smooth muscle contractility during recurrent postnatal reinfections remains unknown. therefore, we sought to determine whether maternal ... | 2017 | 28178290 |
| [clinical value of a rapid respiratory syncytial virus antigen detection in point-of-care testing]. | objective: to evaluate the clinical value of a rapid respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen detection in point-of-care testing (poct). method: a total of 209 specimens, including 78 throat swabs (ts) and 131 nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas), were collected from inpatients who visited the children's hospital affiliated to the capital institute of pediatrics and were diagnosed as acute respiratory infection from 5 january to 7 february, 2015. these specimens were tested for rsv by a rapid antige ... | 2017 | 28173654 |
| a narrowing diagnosis: a rare cause of adult croup and literature review. | croup or laryngotracheitis is rare in adults. we present a case of an otherwise healthy young woman that presented in the winter with 3 days of increasing dyspnea, cough, and fever. she was hemodynamically stable but was found to have a barking cough, paradoxical abdominal breathing, and stridor. chest radiograph revealed subglottic narrowing. respiratory viral nucleic acid amplification testing was positive for respiratory syncytial virus. the patient was treated with nebulized epinephrine, dex ... | 2017 | 28163937 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in infants of 28 weeks gestational age and less in the palivizumab era. | to obtain data on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) associated hospitalization rates in preterm infants of 28 weeks gestational age and less in the era of palivizumab prophylaxis. | 2017 | 28163166 |
| what are the most powerful immunogen design vaccine strategies? a structural biologist's perspective. | the ability of structure-based design to control the shape and reactivity-the atomic-level chemistry-of an immunogen argues for it being one of the "most powerful" immunogen-design strategies. but antigenic reactivity is only one of the properties required to induce a protective immune response. here, a multidimensional approach is used to exemplify the enabling role atomic-level information can play in the development of immunogens against three viral pathogens, respiratory syncytial virus, inf ... | 2017 | 28159876 |
| immune and inflammatory response in bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus infections in infants. | bronchiolitis is a common disease in infancy, mostly due to respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus. in addition to acute infection, viral bronchiolitis is responsible for sequelae including recurrent wheezing and asthma. the analysis of the viral characteristics and of the pathogenesis of the infection shows differences between the two viruses that may be helpful for the development of therapies and preventive strategies. | 2017 | 28159510 |
| other community respiratory viruses. | polymerase chain reaction-based diagnosis has become the standard for viral pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections. expansion of respiratory viral panels (rvps) outside of influenza and, possibly, respiratory syncytial virus has led to the ability to diagnose viral infections for which no approved specific antiviral treatment exists. careful clinical evaluation of the patient with a positive rvp is, therefore, critical given the limited repertoire of treatments. generic treatments with ... | 2017 | 28159160 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection: an illness for all ages. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of severe respiratory infection in very young infants. it has also been recently recognized as a significant cause of severe illness in elderly adults, those with underlying cardiopulmonary disease, and the immunocompromised. rsv is suspected of playing a major role in the development of asthma. prophylaxis in high-risk infants using a monoclonal antibody is the only effective specific therapy available but recent breakthroughs ... | 2017 | 28159159 |
| vaccines in the prevention of viral pneumonia. | pneumonia is of great global public health importance. viral infections play both direct and indirect parts in its cause across the globe. influenza is a leading cause of viral pneumonia in both children and adults, and respiratory syncytial virus is increasingly recognized as causing disease at both extremes of age. vaccination offers the best prospect for prevention but current influenza vaccines do not provide universal and durable protection, and require yearly reformulation. in the future, ... | 2017 | 28159157 |
| antiviral treatments. | most viral respiratory tract infections are caused by classic respiratory viruses, including influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, and adenovirus, whereas other viruses, such as herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, and measles virus, can opportunistically affect the respiratory tract. the m2 inhibitors, amantadine and rimantadine, were historically effective for the prevention and treatment of influenza a but all circulating strains are currently r ... | 2017 | 28159156 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection induces a subset of types i and iii interferons in human dendritic cells. | whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induces severe infantile pulmonary disease may depend on viral strain and expression of types i and iii interferons (ifns). these ifns impact disease severity by inducing expression of many anti-viral ifn-stimulated genes (isgs). to investigate the impact of rsv strain on ifn and isg expression, we stimulated human monocyte-derived dcs (mddcs) with either rsv a2 or line 19 and measured expression of types i and iii ifns and isgs. at 24h, a2 elicited high ... | 2017 | 28157546 |
| the role of nod-like receptors in pulmonary infection. | pneumonia is caused by both viral and bacterial pathogens and is responsible for a significant health burden in the unites states. the innate immune system is the human body's first line of defense against these pathogens. the recognition of invading pathogens via pattern recognition receptors (prrs) leads to proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine production followed by recruitment and activation of effector immune cells. the nonspecific inflammatory nature of the innate immune response can resu ... | 2017 | 28157451 |
| clinical evaluation of the isothermal amplification assays for the detection of four common respiratory viruses in children with pneumonia. | respiratory viruses are recognized as serious causes of morbidity and mortality in lower respiratory tract infections in patients. isothermal amplification assays are increasingly used in their detection because of their rapidity, simplicity and cost-effectiveness, when compared to traditional molecular diagnostic methods. however, systematic assessment of these assays in the clinical settings is rarely reported. medline (pubmed) searches were done analysing subject headings and words in the abs ... | 2017 | 28155195 |
| caveolae provide a specialized membrane environment for respiratory syncytial virus assembly. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an enveloped virus that assembles into filamentous virus particles on the surface of infected cells. morphogenesis of rsv is dependent upon cholesterol-rich (lipid raft) membrane microdomains, but the specific role of individual raft molecules in rsv assembly is not well defined. here, we show that rsv morphogenesis occurs within caveolar membranes and that both caveolin-1 and cavin-1 (also known as ptrf), the two major structural and functional components of ... | 2017 | 28154158 |
| palivizumab prophylaxis in preterm infants and subsequent recurrent wheezing. six-year follow-up study. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induces not only infantile recurrent wheezing but also potentially atopic asthma. | 2017 | 28152315 |
| virus vs. virus: adenovirus vectored vaccine to defeat respiratory syncytial virus. | 2016 | 28149851 | |
| immunization with low doses of recombinant postfusion or prefusion respiratory syncytial virus f primes for vaccine-enhanced disease in the cotton rat model independently of the presence of a th1-biasing (gla-se) or th2-biasing (alum) adjuvant. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of children previously immunized with a nonlive, formalin-inactivated (fi)-rsv vaccine has been associated with serious enhanced respiratory disease (erd). consequently, detailed studies of potential erd are a critical step in the development of nonlive rsv vaccines targeting rsv-naive children and infants. the fusion glycoprotein (f) of rsv in either its postfusion (post-f) or prefusion (pre-f) conformation is a target for neutralizing antibodies and ... | 2017 | 28148790 |
| respiratory viruses in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aecopd) cause significant morbidity, mortality, and an inexorable decline of lung function. data from developed countries have shown viruses to be important causes of aecopd, but data from developing countries like india are scant. we set out to determine the contribution of viruses in the causation of hospitalized patients with aecopd. | 2017 | 28144057 |
| a short double-stapled peptide inhibits respiratory syncytial virus entry and spreading. | synthetic peptides derived from the heptad repeat (hr) of fusion (f) proteins can be used as dominant negative inhibitors to inhibit the fusion mechanism of class i viral f proteins. here, we have performed a stapled-peptide scan across the hr2 domain of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f protein with the aim to identify a minimal domain capable of disrupting the formation of the postfusion six-helix bundle required for viral cell entry. constraining the peptides with a single staple was no ... | 2017 | 28137809 |
| characteristics of rsv-specific maternal antibodies in plasma of hospitalized, acute rsv patients under three months of age. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause for respiratory illness that requires hospitalization in infancy. high levels of maternal antibodies can protect against rsv infection. however, rsv-infected infants can suffer from severe disease symptoms even in the presence of high levels of rsv-specific antibodies. this study analyzes several serological characteristics to explore potential deficiencies or surpluses of antibodies that could relate to severe disease symptoms. we compare s ... | 2017 | 28135305 |
| a novel pre-fusion conformation-specific neutralizing epitope on the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains a major human pathogen, infecting the majority of infants before age two and causing re-infection throughout life. despite decades of rsv research, there is no licensed rsv vaccine. most candidate vaccines studied to date have incorporated the rsv fusion (f) surface glycoprotein, because the sequence of f is highly conserved among strains of rsv. to better define the human b cell response to rsv f, we isolated from a single donor 13 new neutralizing huma ... | 2017 | 28134924 |
| structural basis for antibody cross-neutralization of respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are two closely related viruses that cause bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and the elderly(1), with a significant health burden(2-6). there are no licensed vaccines or small-molecule antiviral treatments specific to these two viruses at present. a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (palivizumab) is approved to treat high-risk infants for rsv infection(7,8), but other treatments, as well as vaccines, for both viruses are ... | 2017 | 28134915 |
| the diagnosis and management of respiratory viral infections in cystic fibrosis. | respiratory viruses, such as those that cause influenza and the common cold, are a regular feature of life for the entire human population. among people with cf, these viruses are associated with prolonged respiratory illness and show a clear association with pulmonary exacerbations which in turn are associated with lung function decline and risk of death. human rhinovirus is the most commonly encountered respiratory viral pathogen in cf although adenovirus, bocavirus, coronavirus, influenza, pa ... | 2017 | 28132571 |
| microrna-146a induction during influenza h3n2 virus infection targets and regulates traf6 levels in human nasal epithelial cells (hnecs). | we have previously shown that human nasal epithelial cells (hnecs) are highly permissive cells for respiratory viruses including influenza a virus (iav) and respiratory syncytial virus. recent studies have indicated that micrornas (mirnas) are involved in virus-host relationship, and this led us to investigate its essential roles in the in vitro hnecs model derived from multiple donors. by comparing the differential expression of mirnas upon iav infection among animal and cell line studies, cand ... | 2017 | 28131813 |
| viral influenza-like illnesses: dynamic interrelationships during the 2015-2016 influenza season in hospitalized patients. | in hospitalized children and adults, the temporal relationship of viruses causing influenza-like illnesses (ilis) and influenza has not been well described. during the 2015-2016 influenza season at our hospital, the dynamic interrelationships between ili viruses (human metapneumovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human parainfluenza viruses 3 and 4, rhinoviruses/enteroviruses, and coronaviruses) and influenza a were characterized in 768 hospitalized children and adults. | 2017 | 28131642 |
| viral encephalitis after haplo-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: causative viral spectrum, characteristics, and risk factors. | to retrospectively identify characteristics and risk factors of viral encephalitis (ve) in patients who underwent a haplo-identical hematopoietic stem cell transplant (hsct). | 2017 | 28129450 |
| virus-like particle vaccines containing f or f and g proteins confer protection against respiratory syncytial virus without pulmonary inflammation in cotton rats. | vaccine-enhanced disease has been a major obstacle in developing a safe vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). this study demonstrates the immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety of virus-like particle (vlp) vaccines containing rsv f (f vlp), g (g vlp), or f and g proteins (fg vlp) in cotton rats. rsv specific antibodies were effectively induced by vaccination of cotton rats with f vlp or fg vlp vaccines. after challenge, lung rsv clearance was observed with rsv f, g, fg vlp, and formal ... | 2017 | 28129031 |
| educating parents about the vaccination status of their children: a user-centered mobile application. | parents are often uncertain about the vaccination status of their children. in times of vaccine hesitancy, vaccination programs could benefit from active patient participation. the vaccination app (vaccapp) was developed by the vienna vaccine safety initiative, enabling parents to learn about the vaccination status of their children, including 25 different routine, special indication and travel vaccines listed in the who immunization certificate of vaccination (who-icv). between 2012 and 2014, t ... | 2017 | 28127527 |
| [a case of bronchiolitis obliterans secondary to human metapneumovirus bronchiolitis]. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv), formerly classified in paramyxoviridae family is now moved into pneumoviridae, which was described as a novel family. it causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) usually in children younger than five years old. the recent epidemiological studies indicated that hmpv is the second most frequently detected virus in lrtis of young children, following the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). bronchiolitis obliterans (bo) is a chronic obstructive lung dis ... | 2016 | 28124966 |
| high flow nasal cannula (hfnc) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ncpap) for the initial respiratory management of acute viral bronchiolitis in young infants: a multicenter randomized controlled trial (tramontane study). | nasal continuous positive airway pressure (ncpap) is currently the gold standard for respiratory support for moderate to severe acute viral bronchiolitis (avb). although oxygen delivery via high flow nasal cannula (hfnc) is increasingly used, evidence of its efficacy and safety is lacking in infants. | 2017 | 28124736 |
| matrix metalloproteinase 9 facilitates hepatitis b virus replication through binding with type i interferon (ifn) receptor 1 to repress ifn/jak/stat signaling. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection may cause acute hepatitis b, chronic hepatitis b (chb), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). however, the mechanisms by which hbv evades host immunity and maintains chronic infection are largely unknown. here, we revealed that matrix metalloproteinase 9 (mmp-9) is activated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) of hbv-infected patients, and hbv stimulates mmp-9 expression in macrophages and pbmcs isolated from healthy individuals. mmp-9 p ... | 2017 | 28122987 |
| correlation of symptomatic enterovirus infection and later risk of allergic diseases via a population-based cohort study. | infants who are exposed to the rhinovirus or respiratory syncytial virus are at a higher risk of subsequently developing wheezing or asthma. this study aims to determine whether preschoolers with a history of symptomatic enterovirus infection are at an increased risk of developing allergic diseases or not.we used data from the taiwan national health insurance research database from 1999 to 2006 for this nationwide population-based cohort study. the subsequent risks for allergic diseases, which i ... | 2017 | 28121929 |
| lower respiratory tract diseases caused by common respiratory viruses among stem cell transplantation recipients: a single center experience in korea. | to describe the incidence, clinical courses, and risk factors for mortality of lower respiratory tract diseases (lrds) caused by common respiratory viruses (crvs) in stem cell transplantation (sct) recipients. | 2017 | 28120567 |
| use of an automated nested multiplex respiratory pathogen pcr panel postmortem in the pediatric forensic setting. | respiratory pathogens have been detected in forensic investigations using multiple techniques; however, no study has examined the use of automated, nested, multiplex polymerase chain reaction (anm-pcr), commonly used in living patients, in the forensic setting. this retrospective study assessed the utility of anm-pcr in detecting respiratory pathogens in the pediatric forensic setting. respiratory samples from 35 cases were tested for up to 20 respiratory pathogens. 51.4% of these cases yielded ... | 2017 | 28120330 |
| in vitro screening for antiviral activity of turkish plants revealing methanolic extract of rindera lanata var. lanata active against human rotavirus. | human rotavirus (hrov) is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and children under the age of five years. no specific antiviral drug is available for hrov infections and the treatment of viral diarrhea is mainly based on rehydration and zinc treatment. in this study, we explored medicinal plants endemic to turkey flora as a source of anti-hrov compunds. | 2017 | 28118832 |
| impact of viral respiratory pathogens on outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery. | viral respiratory infection is commonly considered a relative contraindication to elective cardiac surgery. we aimed to determine the frequency and outcomes of symptomatic viral respiratory infection in pediatric cardiac surgical patients. | 2017 | 28114162 |
| [potential neurocognitive consequences of infection by human respiratory syncytial virus]. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection remains as a major cause of morbidity and mortality among pediatric population. immune response is poor and unable to establish a long term effective protection against this virus. of particular interest has been the description of extrapulmonary manifestations of rsv infection in liver, kidney, endocrine system, heart and brain, associated to infection of peripheral blood. in the central nervous system (cns), recent studies in animals have sugge ... | 2016 | 28112337 |
| rapid profiling of rsv antibody repertoires from the memory b cells of naturally infected adult donors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes substantial morbidity and mortality in young children and the elderly. there are currently no licensed rsv vaccines, and passive prophylaxis with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab is restricted to high-risk infants in part due to its modest efficacy. although it is widely agreed that an effective rsv vaccine will require the induction of a potent neutralizing antibody response against the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein, little is known about the specificit ... | 2016 | 28111638 |
| age-specific profiles of antibody responses against respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most prevalent causative agents of lower respiratory tract infections worldwide, especially in infants around 3 to 4months old. infants at such a young age have maternally-transferred passive antibodies against rsv but do not have active immune systems efficient enough for the control of rsv infection. in order to elucidate age-specific profiles of immune responses against rsv protection, antibody responses were examined by using blood samples in b ... | 2017 | 28111238 |
| neutrophil subset responses in infants with severe viral respiratory infection. | neutrophils are the predominant inflammatory cells recruited to the respiratory tract as part of the innate immune response to viral infections. recent reports indicate the existence of distinct functional neutrophil subsets in the circulatory compartment of adults, following severe inflammatory conditions. here, we evaluated the occurrence of neutrophil subsets in blood and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid during severe viral respiratory infection in infants based on cd16/cd62l expression. we show ... | 2017 | 28108365 |
| recent sequence variation in probe binding site affected detection of respiratory syncytial virus group b by real-time rt-pcr. | direct immuno-fluorescence test (ifat) and multiplex real-time rt-pcr have been central to rsv diagnosis in kilifi, kenya. recently, these two methods showed discrepancies with an increasing number of pcr undetectable rsv-b viruses. | 2017 | 28107671 |
| first versus second year respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in chronic lung disease (2005-2015). | children aged <2 years with chronic lung disease (cld) have a 10-fold higher risk for respiratory syncytial virus-positive hospitalization (rsvh) compared to healthy term infants. based on the updated position statements, we compared respiratory-related illness hospitalization (rih) and rsvh risks in cld children who received palivizumab during the first year (fy) versus second year (sy) of life in the canadian registry of palivizumab (caress). demographic data were collected at enrolment and ri ... | 2017 | 28105526 |