Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| a 1-year study on the detection of human enteric viruses in new caledonia. | human enteric viruses occur in high concentrations in wastewater and can contaminate receiving environmental waters. due to the lack of data on the prevalence of enteric viruses in new caledonia, the presence and the concentrations of enteric viruses in wastewater and seawater were determined. untreated wastewater and seawater samples were collected monthly for 1 year from a wastewater treatment plant (wwtp) and from the wwtp's outlet, located directly on a popular recreational beach. samples we ... | 2016 | 26670603 |
| prevalence of hepatitis a viral rna and antibodies among chinese blood donors. | like other developing countries, china was reported to have a relatively high seroprevalence of anti-hepatitis a antibodies (anti-hav). however, no studies have evaluated the prevalence of anti-hav and hav rna among voluntary blood donors with or without elevated serum alanine transaminase (alt) levels. anti-hav antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was carried out for detection of hav rna. in the cur ... | 2015 | 26662440 |
| modeling the hepatitis a epidemiological transition in thailand. | in most low- and middle-income countries, hepatitis a virus (hav) is shifting or expected to shift from high endemicity to intermediate or low endemicity. a decreased risk of hav infection will cause an increase in the average age at infection and will therefore increase the proportion of infections that results in severe disease. mathematical models can provide insights into the factors contributing to this epidemiological transition. | 2016 | 26657185 |
| rates of hiv and hepatitis infections in clients entering heroin-assisted treatment between 2003 and 2013 and risk factors for hepatitis c infection. | we report on the rates of hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in 1,313 clients entering heroin-assisted treatment (hat) in switzerland from 2003 to 2013. we identify predictors of hcv infection. | 2016 | 26656112 |
| persistence of seropositivity among persons vaccinated for hepatitis a during infancy by maternal antibody status: 15-year follow-up. | the effect of passively transferred maternal antibody to hepatitis a virus (anti-hav) on the duration of seropositivity after hepatitis a vaccination during infancy and early childhood is unclear. we obtained levels of anti-hav at intervals through age 15-16 years among three groups of alaskan native children who initiated a two-dose inactivated hepatitis a vaccination series at ages 6 months (group 1), 12 months (group 2), and 15 months (group 3), each group randomized according to maternal ant ... | 2016 | 26637987 |
| world health organization global estimates and regional comparisons of the burden of foodborne disease in 2010. | illness and death from diseases caused by contaminated food are a constant threat to public health and a significant impediment to socio-economic development worldwide. to measure the global and regional burden of foodborne disease (fbd), the world health organization (who) established the foodborne disease burden epidemiology reference group (ferg), which here reports their first estimates of the incidence, mortality, and disease burden due to 31 foodborne hazards. we find that the global burde ... | 2015 | 26633896 |
| direct-acting antivirals and host-targeting agents against the hepatitis a virus. | hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is a major cause of acute hepatitis and occasionally leads to acute liver failure in both developing and developed countries. although effective vaccines for hav are available, the development of new antivirals against hav may be important for the control of hav infection in developed countries where no universal vaccination program against hav exists, such as japan. there are two forms of antiviral agents against hav: direct-acting antivirals (daas) and host-ta ... | 2015 | 26623267 |
| hepatitis a seropositivity among first-year students of the medical university in isfahan, iran. | students of medicine are prone to contact with various infectious agents such as hepatitis a virus (hav). infection with hav may lead to morbidity and in rare cases, mortality. we evaluated the seroprevalence of hav among 1(st)-year medical students to assess the necessity of vaccination/preventive immunoglobulin in this at-risk population. | 2014 | 26622991 |
| novel biomarker candidates for the diagnosis of ovarian clear cell carcinoma. | ovarian clear cell carcinoma can arise from endometriosis; however, it is distinct from other types of epithelial ovarian carcinoma in terms of its clinicopathological and molecular features. cancer antigen 125 lacks the sensitivity and specificity required for accurate clinical diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma. therefore, the aim of the current review was to identify novel biomarker candidates for the immunohistochemical and serological diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma. a search of the releva ... | 2015 | 26622542 |
| serologic evidence for fecal-oral transmission of helicobacter pylori. | helicobacter pylori infection is among the most prevalent infections in the world and a key cause of gastric diseases; however, its route of transmission remains unclear. this study aimed to assess the potential for fecal-oral transmission of h. pylori by leveraging its association with a disease with known etiology. utilizing serology data from the national health and nutrition examination survey (nhanes 1999; n = 6,347), the association between h. pylori and hepatitis a virus (hav), a sensitiv ... | 2016 | 26598563 |
| circulation and in vivo distribution of duck hepatitis a virus types 1 and 3 in infected ducklings. | the circulation of duck hepatitis a virus types 1 (dhav-1) and 3 (dhav-3) in southeast asia has resulted in a continuously changing epidemiological scenario. in this study, a duplex real-time pcr assay for simultaneous quantitative detection of dhav-1 and dhav-3 was established, and 200 liver samples from dead ducklings collected from 31 different flocks in shandong province, china, were tested. fifty-eight (29.0 %) samples from 13 flocks were positive for dhav-1 single infection, 113 (56.5 %) s ... | 2016 | 26597185 |
| role of non-hepatotropic viruses in acute sporadic viral hepatitis and acute-on-chronic liver failure in adults. | acute viral hepatitis (avh) is mostly caused by hepatitis e (hev) and hepatitis a (hav) viruses in india. this study was undertaken to find out the incidence of various hepatotropic and non-hepatotropic viruses in avh and acute-on-chronic liver failure (aclf) patients. | 2015 | 26589230 |
| novel picornavirus in domestic rabbits (oryctolagus cuniculus var. domestica). | picornaviruses (family picornaviridae) are small, non-enveloped viruses with positive sense, single-stranded rna genomes. the numbers of the novel picornavirus species and genera are continuously increasing. picornaviruses infect numerous vertebrate species from fish to mammals, but have not been identified in a member of the lagomorpha order (pikas, hares and rabbits). in this study, a novel picornavirus was identified in 16 (28.6%) out of 56 faecal samples collected from clinically healthy rab ... | 2016 | 26588888 |
| single-dose universal hepatitis a immunization in argentina: low viral circulation and high persistence of protective antibodies up to 4 years. | single-dose hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccination was implemented in all argentinean children aged 12 months in 2005. between 2005 and 2011, a dramatic decline was observed in hav infection rates, fulminant hepatitis, and liver transplantation. this study assessed current viral circulation and estimated protective antibody persistence 4 years after vaccination. | 2015 | 26582885 |
| safety and immunogenicity of human serum albumin-free mmr vaccine in us children aged 12-15 months. | m-m-r(tm)ii (mmrii; merck & co) is currently the only measles-mumps-rubella (mmr) vaccine licensed in the united states. another licensed vaccine would reinforce mmr supply. this study assessed the immunogenicity of a candidate vaccine (priorix(tm), glaxosmithkline vaccines [mmr-rit]) when used as a first dose among eligible children in the united states. | 2015 | 26582873 |
| human hepatitis a virus is united with a host of relations. | 2015 | 26582796 | |
| duck hepatitis a virus serotype 1 minigenome: a model for studying the viral 3'utr effect on viral translation. | to date, the genetic replication and translation mechanisms as well as the pathogenesis of duck hepatitis a virus type 1 (dhav-1) have not been adequately characterized due to the lack of a reliable and efficient cell culture system. although the full-length infections clone system is the best platform to manipulate the virus, it is relatively difficult to assemble this system due to the lack of a suitable cell line. it has been proven that the minigenome system an efficient reverse genetics sys ... | 2015 | 26578153 |
| evolutionary origins of hepatitis a virus in small mammals. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is an ancient and ubiquitous human pathogen recovered previously only from primates. the sole species of the genus hepatovirus, existing in both enveloped and nonenveloped forms, and with a capsid structure intermediate between that of insect viruses and mammalian picornaviruses, hav is enigmatic in its origins. we conducted a targeted search for hepatoviruses in 15,987 specimens collected from 209 small mammal species globally and discovered highly diversified viruses in ... | 2015 | 26575627 |
| estimating the critical immunity threshold for preventing hepatitis a outbreaks in men who have sex with men. | several outbreaks of hepatitis a in men who have sex with men (msm) were reported in the 1980s and 1990s in australia and other countries. an effective hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccine has been available in australia since 1994 and is recommended for high-risk groups including msm. no outbreaks of hepatitis a in australian msm have been reported since 1996. in this study, we aimed to estimate hav transmissibility in msm populations in order to inform targets for vaccine coverage in such populatio ... | 2016 | 26566273 |
| the prevalence of hepatitis a virus and parvovirus b19 in source-plasma donors and whole blood donors in china. | to compare the prevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) and human parvovirus b19 (b19v) between source-plasma (sp) donors and whole blood (wb) donors. | 2015 | 26564017 |
| sequence-independent amplification coupled with dna microarray analysis for detection and genotyping of noroviruses. | noroviruses (novs) have high levels of genetic sequence diversities, which lead to difficulties in designing robust universal primers to efficiently amplify specific viral genomes for molecular analysis. we here described the practicality of sequence-independent amplification combined with dna microarray analysis for simultaneous detection and genotyping of human novs in fecal specimens. we showed that single primer isothermal linear amplification (ribo-spia) of genogroup i (gi) and genogroup ii ... | 2015 | 26556029 |
| seropositivity among korean young adults approximately 2 years after a single-dose vaccination against hepatitis a virus. | we previously observed 80.7% seropositivity and a significant interaction between gender and hepatitis a virus (hav) vaccine type (havrix vs. epaxal) on the seropositivity approximately 11 months after single-dose hav vaccinations in korean young adults. our objective was to evaluate seropositivity approximately 2 years after a single-dose hav vaccination and the influence of demographic characteristics on seropositivity, including the interaction between gender and vaccine type. seronegative me ... | 2015 | 26540392 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis e virus infection during pregnancy in benin. | hepatitis e virus (hev) is the cause of enterically transmitted non-a, non-c hepatitis (an infection that is particularly severe during pregnancy) in tropical and subtropical countries. as there are no published data concerning the prevalence of hev antibodies in benin, their presence was investigated in pregnant women undergoing routine hiv screening in a rural area in northern benin and in pregnant women with acute non-a, non-c hepatitis. | 2016 | 26523476 |
| viral excretion and antibody titers in children infected with hepatitis a virus from an orphanage in western india. | hepatitis a is endemic in india and mainly causes sporadic infections. however, children in childcare centers, schools and orphanages are vulnerable to common-source outbreaks as they have naive hosts. | 2015 | 26521227 |
| the c-terminal region of the non-structural protein 2b from hepatitis a virus demonstrates lipid-specific viroporin-like activity. | viroporins are virally encoded, membrane-active proteins, which enhance viral replication and assist in egress of viruses from host cells. the 2b proteins in the picornaviridae family are known to have viroporin-like properties, and play critical roles during virus replication. the 2b protein of hepatitis a virus (2b), an unusual picornavirus, is somewhat dissimilar from its analogues in several respects. hav 2b is approximately 2.5 times the length of other 2b proteins, and does not disrupt cal ... | 2015 | 26515753 |
| clinical analysis of patients suffering from chronic hepatitis b superinfected with other hepadnaviruses. | to compare the clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, and prognoses of patients with chronic hepatitis b (chb) who were superinfected with hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis c virus (hcv), hepatitis d virus (hdv), or hepatitis e virus (hev). two hundred and eleven patients with confirmed chb in our hospital, a tertiary teaching hospital in china, between 2005 and 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. among 211 patients with chb, 35 were superinfected with hav, 31 were superinfected with ... | 2016 | 26509653 |
| unilateral adie's tonic pupil and viral hepatitis - report of two cases. | adie's (tonic) pupil is a neuro-ophthalmological disorder characterized by a tonically dilated pupil, which is unresponsive to light. it is caused by damage to postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic innervation of the eye, usually by a viral.or bacterial infection. adie's syndrome includes diminished deep tendon reflexes. | 2015 | 26506756 |
| health economic assessment of universal immunization of toddlers against hepatitis a virus (hav) in mexico. | hepatitis a virus (hav) has shifted from high to intermediate endemicity in mexico, which may increase the risk of clinically significant hav infections in older children, adolescents and adults. the objective of this study was to evaluate the cost-utility of single-dose or 2-dose universal infant hav vaccination strategy in mexico, compared with no vaccination. a previously published dynamic model estimated the expected number of hav cases with each strategy, and a decision model was used to es ... | 2016 | 26503702 |
| intermediate endemicity of hepatitis a virus infection in rural settlement projects of southwest goiás, brazil. | rural populations present an elevated risk of exposure to hepatitis a virus. | 2015 | 26486287 |
| decreasing immunity to hepatitis a virus infection among us adults: findings from the national health and nutrition examination survey (nhanes), 1999-2012. | the clinical course of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is more severe with increased age. in the united states, surveillance data reported to cdc since 2011 indicate increases in both the absolute number of cases and the mean age of cases. total antibody to hav (anti-hav) is a marker of immunity. | 2015 | 26476364 |
| socioeconomic inequities and hepatitis a virus infection in western brazilian amazonian children: spatial distribution and associated factors. | hepatitis a is still a neglected health problem in the world. the most affected areas are the ones with disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions. in brazil, seroprevalence studies showed that 64.7 % of the general population has antibodies against hav (hepatitis a virus), and the amazon region has the highest seroprevalence in the country. | 2015 | 26471064 |
| lysosomes serve as a platform for hepatitis a virus particle maturation and nonlytic release. | early studies on hepatitis a virus (hav) in cell culture demonstrated the inclusion of several viral particles in an intracellular lipid-bilayer membrane. however, the origin of these virus-associated membranes and the mechanism for the non-lytic release of hav into bile are still unknown. analyzing the association of this virus with cell organelles, we found that newly synthesized hav particles accumulate in lysosomal organelles and that lysosomal enzymes are involved in the maturation cleavage ... | 2016 | 26467925 |
| identification of a conserved neutralizing linear b-cell epitope in the vp1 proteins of duck hepatitis a virus type 1 and 3. | duck virus hepatitis (dvh), mainly caused by duck hepatitis a virus (dhav), is a severe disease threaten to duck industry and has worldwide distribution. as the major structural protein, the vp1 protein of dhav is able to induce neutralizing antibody in ducks. in this study, a monoclonal antibody (mab) 4f8 against the intact dhav-1 particles was used to identify the possible epitope in the three serotypes of dhav. the mab 4f8 had weak neutralizing activities to both dhav-1 and dhav-3, and reacte ... | 2015 | 26427545 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a and e virus infections among healthy population in shiraz, southern iran. | enterically-transmitted acute viral hepatitis is caused predominantly by hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis e virus (hev). the prevalence of hev and hav infections varies in different geographical regions. | 2015 | 26421130 |
| epidemiology of hepatitis a virus in africa among persons aged 1-10 years: a systematic review protocol. | africa is considered an area of high endemicity for hepatitis a virus infection. however, in the past two decades, tremendous progress has been made in improving water sources and sanitation which are risk factors for hepatitis a virus infection. recent studies suggest that several african countries could be in epidemiological transitions due to the evident socio-economic development. as a result, there may be a decrease in the exposure to and infection with hepatitis a virus at an early age. un ... | 2015 | 26419360 |
| solar water disinfection (sodis): impact on hepatitis a virus and on a human norovirus surrogate under natural solar conditions. | this study evaluates the effectiveness of solar water disinfection (sodis) in the reduction and inactivation of hepatitis a virus (hav) and of the human norovirus surrogate, murine norovirus (mnv-1), under natural solar conditions. experiments were performed in 330 ml polyethylene terephthalate (pet) bottles containing hav or mnv-1 contaminated waters (10(3) pfu/ml) that were exposed to natural sunlight for 2 to 8 h. parallel experiments under controlled temperature and/or in darkness conditions ... | 2015 | 26415666 |
| hepatitis e virus and the safety of plasma products: investigations into the reduction capacity of manufacturing processes. | hepatitis e virus (hev) has been transmitted by transfusion of labile blood products and the occasional detection of hev rna in plasma pools indicates that hev viremic donations might enter the manufacturing process of plasma products. to verify the safety margins of plasma products with respect to hev, virus reduction steps commonly used in their manufacturing processes were investigated for their effectiveness to reduce hev. | 2016 | 26399175 |
| the sirtuin inhibitor sirtinol inhibits hepatitis a virus (hav) replication by inhibiting hav internal ribosomal entry site activity. | epigenetics plays a role in the regulation of gene expression. epigenetic changes control gene expression at the transcriptional level. our previous study suggested that the la protein, which is mainly localized in the nucleus, was associated with hepatitis a virus (hav) internal ribosomal entry site (ires)-mediated translation and hav replication. the aim of this study was to investigate whether epigenetic compounds have effects on hav ires-mediated translation and hav replication. sirtinol, a ... | 2015 | 26388050 |
| prevalence, severity, and impact of renal dysfunction in acute liver failure on the us liver transplant waiting list. | although renal dysfunction is a known complication of acute liver failure (alf), its frequency, severity, and impact among patients with alf on the us liver transplant list are not well defined. | 2016 | 26386861 |
| experimental evidence of hepatitis a virus infection in pigs. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide, with hav infection being restricted to humans and nonhuman primates. in this study, hav infection status was serologically determined in domestic pigs and experimental infections of hav were attempted to verify hav infectivity in pigs. antibodies specific to hav or hav-like agents were detected in 3.5% of serum samples collected from pigs in swine farms. when the pigs were infected intravenously with 2 × 10(5) 50% t ... | 2016 | 26381440 |
| molecular analysis of hepatitis a virus strains obtained from patients with acute hepatitis a in mongolia, 2004-2013. | despite the high endemicity of hepatitis a virus (hav) in mongolia, the genetic information on those hav strains is limited. serum samples obtained from 935 patients with acute hepatitis in ulaanbaatar, mongolia during 2004-2013 were tested for the presence of hav rna using reverse transcription-pcr with primers targeting the vp1-2b region (481 nucleotides, primer sequences at both ends excluded). overall, 180 patients (19.3%) had detectable hav rna. these 180 isolates shared 94.6-100% identity ... | 2016 | 26369542 |
| thrombosis associated with viral hepatitis. | viral hepatitis may promote the development of venous thromboembolism (vte) and, more specifically, portal vein thrombosis (pvt). in this narrative review, we summarize the clinical data and discuss the possible pathogenetic roles of cytomegalovirus (cmv), epstein-barr virus (ebv), and hepatitis a, b, and c viruses (hav, hbv, hcv) in the occurrence of vte. cmv is the first qualified candidate to enter the list of vte minor risk factors, and in the rare case of fulminant infection, both ebv and c ... | 2014 | 26357629 |
| validation of new real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for detection of hepatitis a virus rna and parvovirus b19 dna. | to meet european guidelines for plasma for fractionation, plasma fractionators have implemented parvovirus b19 (b19v) and hepatitis a virus (hav) nucleic acid test (nat) screening on test pools. in this study we evaluate recently developed in-house nat assays for b19v dna and hav rna. the b19v nat was designed to target two different regions of the b19v genome. | 2016 | 26354230 |
| change in hepatitis a seroprevalence among u.s. children and adolescents: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey 2003-2006 and 2007-2010. | to examine changes in seroprevalence of antibodies to hepatitis a virus (hav) during a period in which universal vaccine recommendations for all u.s. children were implemented, results from serologic testing from the national health and nutrition examination survey (nhanes) from 2003-2010 were analyzed among 7,989 participants age 6-19 years, born in the u.s. in two birth cohorts (1986-1996 and 1997-2004). overall prevalence increased over time from 24.4% in 2003-2006 to the highest ever reporte ... | 2013 | 26343961 |
| development of an indirect elisa method based on the vp3 protein of duck hepatitis a virus type 1 (dhav-1) for dual detection of dhav-1 and dhav-3 antibodies. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (i-elisa) based on the recombinant vp3 protein of duck hepatitis a virus type 1 (dhav-1) was developed and evaluated in this study. the optimal antigen, serum and enzyme-labeled antibody dilutions were 1:160 (0.94μg), 1:160 and 1:2000, respectively. the optimal blocking buffer was 1% gelatin. the cutoff value was determined to be 0.332, and the analytical sensitivity was 1:1280 (od450-630=0.37). the results of the specificity evaluation showed that n ... | 2015 | 26341062 |
| antiviral effects of grape seed extract against feline calicivirus, murine norovirus, and hepatitis a virus in model food systems and under gastric conditions. | grape seed extract (gse) has antiviral activities against hepatitis a virus (hav) and human norovirus surrogates (feline calicivirus (fcv-f9) and murine norovirus (mnv-1)). the objectives of this study were to determine (1) time and dose-dependence of gse against fcv-f9, mnv-1, and hav at room temperature (rt) and 37 °c over 24 h; and (2) gse effects in model foods (apple juice (aj) and 2% milk) and simulated gastric conditions at 37 °c. viruses at ∼5 log pfu/ml were treated with 0.5-8 mg/ml gse ... | 2015 | 26338111 |
| genetic characterization of a novel hepatitis a virus strain in irrigation water in south africa. | hepatitis a virus (hav) was detected, by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in irrigation water from a dam on a commercial fresh produce farm in south africa (sa). the virus was characterized by nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analysis of a consensus sequence spanning the vp1 and vp1/p2b genomic regions. amino acid sequence and phylogenetic analysis indicated that the hav strain was closely related to hav genotype v and possibly of simian origin. this suggests that a ... | 2016 | 26331799 |
| hepatitis a complicated with acute renal failure and high hepatocyte growth factor: a case report. | a 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital. laboratory data showed severe liver injury and that the patient was positive for immunoglobulin m anti-hepatitis a virus (hav) antibodies. he was also complicated with severe renal dysfunction and had an extremely high level of serum hepatocyte growth factor (hgf). therefore, he was diagnosed with severe acute liver failure with acute renal failure (arf) caused by hav infection. prognosis was expected to be poor because of complications by arf and ... | 2015 | 26327776 |
| synthetic peptides for the immunodiagnosis of hepatitis a virus infection. | vp1, vp2 and vp3 molecules of hepatitis a virus are exposed capsid proteins that have shown to be antigenic and are used for diagnosis in recombinant-antigen commercial kits. in this study, we developed a sequence analysis in order to predict diagnostic peptide epitopes, followed by their spot synthesis on functionalized cellulose paper (pepscan). this paper with synthetic peptides was tested against a sera pool of hepatitis a patients. two peptide sequences, that have shown an antigenic recogni ... | 2015 | 26321053 |
| rapid, simple and efficient method for detection of viral genomes on raspberries. | in recent years, foodborne viruses, especially human noroviruses (nov) and hepatitis a virus (hav), have been increasingly reported as the causes of foodborne disease outbreaks. soft red fruits, especially raspberries, have a high incidence among the types of food concerned. due to low infectious doses and low concentrations of enteric viruses in food samples, it is necessary to have an efficient and rapid detection method to implement prevention measures. a standard method for virus detection a ... | 2015 | 26318917 |
| molecular markers of tubulointerstitial fibrosis and tubular cell damage in patients with chronic kidney disease. | in chronic kidney disease (ckd), progressive nephron loss causes glomerular sclerosis, as well as tubulointerstitial fibrosis and progressive tubular injury. in this study, we aimed to identify molecular changes that reflected the histopathological progression of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and tubular cell damage. a discovery set of renal biopsies were obtained from 48 patients with histopathologically confirmed ckd, and gene expression profiles were determined by microarray analysis. the ... | 2015 | 26317775 |
| hepatotropic viruses as etiological agents of acute liver failure and related-outcomes among children in india: a retrospective hospital-based study. | acute liver failure (alf) is marked by a sudden loss of hepatic function and is associated with a high mortality rate in children. the etiology of alf is shown to vary geographically. this study assessed the frequency of hepatotropic viruses as etiological agents of alf in indian children. | 2015 | 26311040 |
| discovery of a novel hepatovirus (phopivirus of seals) related to human hepatitis a virus. | describing the viral diversity of wildlife can provide interesting and useful insights into the natural history of established human pathogens. in this study, we describe a previously unknown picornavirus in harbor seals (tentatively named phopivirus) that is related to human hepatitis a virus (hav). we show that phopivirus shares several genetic and phenotypic characteristics with hav, including phylogenetic relatedness across the genome, a specific and seemingly quiescent tropism for hepatocyt ... | 2015 | 26307166 |
| investigation of hepatitis a outbreak in district of manjung, perak, malaysia, october 2012. | in september 2012, 10 cases suspected to be hepatitis a were notified to the manjung district health department. an investigation was conducted to identify the possible mode of transmission, source of the outbreak and to recommend prevention and control measures. | 2015 | 26306213 |
| human and animal enteric virus in groundwater from deep wells, and recreational and network water. | this study was designed to assess the presence of human adenovirus (hadv), rotavirus-a (rva), hepatitis a virus (hav), and porcine circovirus-2 (pcv2) in groundwater from deep wells, and recreational and network waters. the water samples were collected and concentrated and the virus genomes were assessed and quantified by quantitative pcr (qpcr). infectious hadv was evaluated in groundwater and network water samples by integrated cell culture using transcribed messenger rna (mrna) (icc-rt-qpcr). ... | 2015 | 26300358 |
| production of false-positive immunoglobulin m antibodies to hepatitis a virus in autoimmune events. | 2016 | 26294798 | |
| efficiency of hepatitis a virus removal in six sewage treatment plants from central tunisia. | the efficiency of six tunisian sewage treatment plants (stp) for the removal of hepatitis a virus (hav) from wastewater was analysed in order to evaluate the potential risk for human health linked to reuse or discharge of treated wastewater into the environment. the stp utilize different biological wastewater treatments including primary treatment, which involves the physical removal of organic and inorganic solids, and secondary treatment that involves different processes, such as activated slu ... | 2015 | 26286509 |
| hepatitis a virus antibodies in australian blood donors: implications for immunoglobulin sufficiency. | passive immunisation is an important means of preventing hepatitis a in the most vulnerable populations in the event they are exposed. trends in hepatitis a seroprevalence may impact on the production of effective immunoglobulin products for passive immunisation. | 2015 | 26271824 |
| ddx60l is an interferon-stimulated gene product restricting hepatitis c virus replication in cell culture. | all major types of interferon (ifn) efficiently inhibit hepatitis c virus (hcv) replication in vitro and in vivo. remarkably, hcv replication is not sensitive to ifn-γ in the hepatoma cell line huh6, despite an intact signaling pathway. we performed transcriptome analyses between huh6 and huh-7 cells to identify effector genes of the ifn-γ response and thereby identified the dexd/h box helicase dead box polypeptide 60-like (ddx60l) as a restriction factor of hcv replication. ddx60l and its homol ... | 2015 | 26269178 |
| importance of molecular typing in confirmation of the source of a national hepatitis a virus outbreak in norway and the detection of a related cluster in germany. | in march 2014, after an increase of notifications of domestically acquired hepatitis a virus infections, an outbreak investigation was launched in norway. sequenced-based typing results showed that these cases were associated with a strain that was identical to one causing an ongoing multinational outbreak in europe linked to frozen mixed berries. thirty-three confirmed cases with the outbreak strain were notified in norway from november 2013 to june 2014. epidemiological evidence and trace-back ... | 2015 | 26249822 |
| food-borne diseases associated with frozen berries consumption: a historical perspective, european union, 1983 to 2013. | epidemiological investigations of outbreaks of hepatitis a virus (hav) and norovirus (nov) infections in the european union/european economic area (eu/eea) in the last five years have highlighted frozen berries as a vehicle of infection. given the increasing berry consumption in the eu over the last decades, we undertook a review of the existing evidence to assess the potential scale of threat associated with this product. we searched the literature and four restricted-access online platforms fo ... | 2015 | 26227371 |
| large and prolonged food-borne multistate hepatitis a outbreak in europe associated with consumption of frozen berries, 2013 to 2014. | in may 2013, italy declared a national outbreak of hepatitis a, which also affected several foreign tourists who had recently visited the country. molecular investigations identified some cases as infected with an identical strain of hepatitis a virus subgenotype ia. after additional european union/european economic area (eu/eea) countries reported locally acquired and travel-related cases associated with the same outbreak, an international outbreak investigation team was convened, a european ou ... | 2015 | 26227370 |
| thermal inactivation of foodborne enteric viruses and their viral surrogates in foods. | foodborne viruses, in particular human norovirus and hepatitis a virus, are the most common causes of food-associated infections and foodborne illness outbreaks around the world. since it is currently not possible to cultivate human noroviruses and the wild-type strain of hepatitis a virus in vitro, the use of a variety of viral surrogates is essential to determine appropriate thermal processing conditions to reduce the risk associated with their contamination of food. therefore, the objectives ... | 2015 | 26219377 |
| removal of rotavirus and bacteriophages by membrane bioreactor technology from sewage. | human enteric viruses constitute a public health concern due to their low infectious dose and their resistance to environmental factors and to inactivation processes. we aimed at assessing the performance of a laboratory scale submerged membrane bioreactor (smbr) treating abattoir wastewaters for rotavirus (rv) and total coliphages removal. we also aimed at evaluating removal efficiency of enteric viruses through conventional activated sludge treatment by measuring concentrations of total coliph ... | 2015 | 26210901 |
| an outbreak of hepatitis a virus associated with a multi-national inner-city nursery in glasgow, scotland. | this report describes an outbreak of hepatitis a virus linked to a nursery which affected a total of 10 individuals. active case finding, using oral fluid testing, helped identify asymptomatic cases. nucleotide sequencing showed that all cases were caused by the same virus, which was most similar to hav strains circulating zimbabwe. interestingly, an asymptomatic child had recently returned from visiting family in that country. standard infection control procedures and vaccination of contacts su ... | 2015 | 26209369 |
| hepatitis a: epidemiology in resource-poor countries. | transmission of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection is primarily fecal-oral. symptomatic hepatitis, severe disease, and death are more likely to occur when infection occurs at an older age. improvements in socioeconomic and hygienic conditions have led to a change in its epidemiology worldwide. | 2015 | 26203853 |
| ultraviolet-c efficacy against a norovirus surrogate and hepatitis a virus on a stainless steel surface. | in this study, the effects of 10-300 mws/cm(2) of ultraviolet radiation (uv-c) at 260 nm were investigated for the inactivation of two foodborne viruses: murine norovirus-1 (mnv-1; a human norovirus [nov] surrogate) and hepatitis a virus (hav). we used an experimentally contaminated stainless steel surface, a common food-contact surface, to examine the effects of low doses of uv-c radiation on mnv-1 and hav titers. the modified gompertz equation was used to generate non-linear survival curves an ... | 2015 | 26184763 |
| thermal inactivation kinetics of hepatitis a virus in homogenized clam meat (mercenaria mercenaria). | epidemiological evidence suggests that hepatitis a virus (hav) is the most common pathogen transmitted by bivalve molluscs such as clams, cockles, mussels and oysters. this study aimed to generate thermal inactivation kinetics for hav as a first step to design adequate thermal processes to control clam-associated hav outbreaks. | 2015 | 26184406 |
| molecular evolution and genetic analysis of the major capsid protein vp1 of duck hepatitis a viruses: implications for antigenic stability. | the duck hepatitis a virus (dhav), a member of the family picornaviridae, is the major cause of outbreaks with high mortality rates in young ducklings. it has three distinctive serotypes and among them, serotypes 1 (dhav-1) and 3 (dhav-3) were recognized in china. to investigate evolutionary and antigenic properties of the major capsid protein vp1 of these two serotypes, a primary target of neutralizing antibodies, we determined the vp1 coding sequences of 19 dhav-1 (spanning 2000-2012) and 11 d ... | 2015 | 26173145 |
| comparison of autochthonous and imported cases of hepatitis a or hepatitis e. | hepatitis a and hepatitis e are not limited to tropical countries but are also present in industrialized countries. both infections share similar clinical features. there is no comparative study evaluating the clinical parameters of autochthonous and imported hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus infections. | 2015 | 26167693 |
| hepatitis a seroprevalence in preschool children in assis brazil, acre, brazil, in 2003 and 2010. | the amazon region has the highest seroprevalence of hepatitis a virus (hav) in brazil. | 2016 | 26163116 |
| severe bilateral optic neuritis post hepatitis a virus (hav) and typhoid fever vaccination. | 2015 | 26145200 | |
| a single dose of inactivated hepatitis a vaccine promotes hav-specific memory cellular response similar to that induced by a natural infection. | based on current studies on the effects of single dose vaccines on antibody production, latin american countries have adopted a single dose vaccine program. however, no data are available on the activation of cellular response to a single dose of hepatitis a. our study investigated the functional reactivity of the memory cell phenotype after hepatitis a virus (hav) stimulation through administration of the first or second dose of hav vaccine and compared the response to that of a baseline group ... | 2015 | 26144899 |
| aqueous extracts of hibiscus sabdariffa calyces decrease hepatitis a virus and human norovirus surrogate titers. | hibiscus sabdariffa extract is known to have antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and antimicrobial properties. however, their effects against foodborne viruses are currently unknown. the objective of this study was to determine the antiviral effects of aqueous extracts of h. sabdariffa against human norovirus surrogates (feline calicivirus (fcv-f9) and murine norovirus (mnv-1)) and hepatitis a virus (hav) at 37 °c over 24 h. individual viruses (~5 log pfu/ml) were incubated with 40 or 100 mg/ml of aqueo ... | 2015 | 26143492 |
| cross-sectional study of hepatitis a virus infection in the pantanal population before vaccine implementation in brazil: usage of non-invasive specimen collection. | population-based prevalence studies are essential tools for screening of hepatitis a and provide important data on susceptible groups. however, surveillance in isolated communities is difficult because of the limited access to these areas and the need for blood sample collection. this study aimed to determine the anti-hav prevalence using oral fluid samples to provide an alternative tool for epidemiological studies that might be useful for vaccination-related decisions. the study population was ... | 2015 | 26133128 |
| effects of bush sophora root polysaccharide and its sulfate on immuno-enhancing of the therapeutic dvh. | bush sophora root polysaccharide (bsrps) and its sulfate, sulfated bush sophora root polysaccharide (sbsrps), possess the antiviral activities against duck hepatitis a virus. however their antiviral mechanisms are still not clear. this paper reported their immuno-enhancing roles in the therapeutic effects for duck virus hepatitis (dvh). the effects of bsrps and sbsrps on stimulating lymphocyte proliferation were investigated by mtt methods. after that, ducklings were challenged with dhav and tre ... | 2015 | 26118485 |
| self-reported hepatitis a vaccination as a predictor of hepatitis a virus antibody protection in u.s. adults: national health and nutrition examination survey 2007-2012. | to estimate the predictive value of self-reported hepatitis a vaccine (hepa) receipt for the presence of hepatitis a virus (hav) antibody (anti-hav) from either past infection or vaccination, as an indicator of hav protection. | 2015 | 26116252 |
| hepatitis a and e viruses in wastewaters, in river waters, and in bivalve molluscs in italy. | several studies have reported the detection of hepatitis a (hav) and e (hev) virus in sewage waters, indicating a possibility of contamination of aquatic environments. the objective of the present study was to assess the occurrence of hav and hev in different water environments, following the route of contamination from raw sewage through treated effluent to the surface waters receiving wastewater discharges . bivalve molluscan shellfish samples were also analyzed, as sentinel of marine pollutio ... | 2015 | 26115693 |
| incidence of human adenoviruses and hepatitis a virus in the final effluent of selected wastewater treatment plants in eastern cape province, south africa. | municipal effluent constitutes a large reservoir of human enteric viruses and bacteria. contemporary monitoring practices rely on indicator bacteria, and do not test for viruses. different viruses, including norwalk-like viruses, hepatitis a virus (hav), adenoviruses, and rotaviruses, are important agents of illnesses in humans. the burden of disease caused by adenoviruses manifests as pneumonia, bronchiolitis, otitis media, conjunctivitis, and tonsillitis, whereas hav infection can manifest as ... | 2015 | 26104284 |
| public health impact and cost-effectiveness of hepatitis a vaccination in the united states: a disease transmission dynamic modeling approach. | to assess the population-level impact and cost-effectiveness of hepatitis a vaccination programs in the united states. | 2015 | 26091589 |
| clinical factors and viral load influencing severity of acute hepatitis a. | clinical manifestations of hepatitis a virus (hav) infection vary from mild to fulminant hepatic failure (fhf) in adults. we investigated the relationship between laboratory findings, including viral load, and clinical outcomes in patients with acute hepatitis a (aha) and evaluated predictive factors for severe acute hepatitis (s-ah). | 2015 | 26090677 |
| seroprevalence and predictors of hepatitis a infection in nigerian children. | hepatitis a infection is prevalent in developing countries where sanitation is still a public health issue. in nigeria, there is no epidemiological data on children for this infection. a community based study was carried out to establish the seroprevalence and predictors of this infection in children. | 2015 | 26090068 |
| seroprevalence of hepatitis a in iranian adolescents: is it time to introduce a vaccine? | universal vaccination of children for hepatitis a virus (hav) has emerged as a cost-effective strategy to prevent this infection in regions with high incidence of symptomatic disease. age-specific seroprevalence surveys are practical and reliable methods to estimate the rate of susceptibility in populations, and to help the implementation of vaccination policies. we surveyed the age-specific hav seroprevalence in a nationally representative sample of iranian adolescent students aged 10-18 years. ... | 2016 | 26083105 |
| seroprevalence for hepatitis e and other viral hepatitides among diverse populations, malawi. | data on prevalence of hepatitis e virus (hev) in malawi is limited. we tested blood samples from hiv-uninfected and -infected populations of women and men enrolled in research studies in malawi during 1989-2008 to determine the seroprevalence of hev, hepatitis a virus (hav), hepatitis b virus (hbv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv). samples were tested for igg against hev, total antibodies against hav and hcv, and presence of hbv surface antigens. of 800 samples tested, 16.5% were positive for hev ig ... | 2015 | 26079666 |
| statistical approaches to developing a multiplex immunoassay for determining human exposure to environmental pathogens. | there are numerous pathogens that can be transmitted through water. identifying and understanding the routes and magnitude of exposure or infection to these microbial contaminants are critical to assessing and mitigating risk. conventional approaches of studying immunological responses to exposure or infection such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) and other monoplex antibody-based immunoassays can be very costly, laborious, and consume large quantities of patient sample. a major li ... | 2015 | 26070441 |
| viral inactivation of human osteochondral grafts with methylene blue and light. | cartilage injury is one of the most common disorders of synovial joints. fresh osteochondral allografts are becoming a standard treatment; however, they are supply constrained with a potential risk of disease transmission. there are no known virucidal processes available for osteochondral allografts and most methods presently available are detrimental to cartilage. methylene blue light treatment has been shown to be successful in the literature for viral inactivation of fresh frozen plasma. the ... | 0 | 26069682 |
| serological markers of autoimmunity in children with hepatitis a: relation to acute and fulminant presentation. | hepatitis a virus (hav) infection tends to be a self-limiting disease without serious sequelae, but fulminant hepatitis, with a high mortality, develops in 0.1-0.2% of the cases. sometimes, hav infection precipitates autoimmune hepatitis (aih). we aimed to assess the frequency and clinical significance of serologic markers of autoimmunity during hepatitis a infection with an acute or fulminant presentation compared with those in aih. | 2015 | 26062080 |
| frequency and prognosis of acute pancreatitis associated with acute hepatitis e: a systematic review. | the association of acute pancreatitis (ap) with viral hepatitis is well known, and is usually attributed to hav, hbv, or hcv. ap related to acute hepatitis e (ahe) has been rarely described, and the typical profile is that of a young male, residing in an endemic area, presenting with mild to moderate pancreatitis, and improving with conservative management. | 2015 | 26049260 |
| hav in fresh vegetables: a hidden health risk in district mardan, pakistan. | hepatitis a is an acute inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis a virus (hav) in human. the path of entry of hav to the bloodstream is the epithelium of the intestine. liver inflammation occurs when hav multiplies within the hepatocytes and kupffer cells of the liver. hav is mostly transmitted by contaminated water, fruits and vegetables. the purpose of the current study was to evaluate fresh vegetables raised on the fecal contaminated water for the detection of hav by pcr method. twen ... | 2014 | 26034681 |
| a retrospective pooled analysis assessing the effect of age on the immunogenicity of havrix™ in healthy adults. | over recent decades, the global incidence of hepatitis a virus infection has been reduced by improvements in sanitation infrastructure and through immunization programs. the immunogenicity and field efficacy of the inactivated hepatitis a vaccine (havrix™, gsk, belgium) has been demonstrated in clinical trials, population-impact studies as well as in several outbreak settings. however, immunological data in older populations are limited, with only few studies assessing the immune response of thi ... | 2015 | 26029816 |
| economic consequences of the vaccination against hepatitis a in the bulgarian healthcare setting. | the purpose of the present analysis is to calculate and compare the costs and results of the implication of the inactivated vaccine against hepatitis a virus (hav) in the bulgarian healthcare setting in the period of 2002-2012. a combined pharmacoeconomic and epidemiological study was performed on the basis of the prevalence of hepatitis a infection in this 10-year period. the investments in the vaccination were considered as costs and the avoided costs in the case of vaccination of all one-year ... | 2014 | 26019522 |
| outbreak of hepatitis a in italy associated with frozen redcurrants imported from poland: a case study. | hepatitis a virus (hav) was detected in a batch of imported non-packaged frozen redcurrants purchased in a bari grocery. sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed the hav strain clustered tightly with the hav strain from the 2013 italian epidemic, providing additional evidence that frozen redcurrants were the main vehicle of the hav outbreak. | 2015 | 26001535 |
| using immunoglobulin y as an alternative antibody for the detection of hepatitis a virus in frozen liver sections. | an increasing amount of research has been conducted on immunoglobulin y (igy) because the use of igy offers several advantages with respect to diagnostic testing, including its easy accessibility, low cost and translatability to large-scale production, in addition to the fact that it can be ethically produced. in a previous work, immunoglobulin was produced and purified from egg yolks (igy) reactive to hepatitis a virus (hav) antigens. in the present work, this anti-hav-specific igy was used in ... | 2015 | 25993400 |
| impact of hepatitis a vaccination with a two-dose schedule in panama: results of epidemiological surveillance and time trend analysis. | in april 2007, panama introduced hepatitis a universal vaccination using a two-dose schedule (havrix(®)junior; gsk vaccines, belgium). we assessed the impact of this hepatitis a vaccine three years after it was recommended for universal mass vaccination in panama. | 2015 | 25981490 |
| comparison of immunogenicity between inactivated and live attenuated hepatitis a vaccines among young adults: a 3-year follow-up study. | a randomized clinical trial of hepatitis a vaccines (1 or 2 doses of inactivated vaccine [healive] or 1 dose of live attenuated vaccine [biovac]) was conducted among adults to evaluate seroprotection rates and geometric mean concentrations of antibody against hepatitis a virus for 36 months. high rates of seroprotection persisted for at least 36 months among adults who received 1 or 2 doses of inactivated hepatitis a vaccine but not among adults who received 1 dose of live attenuated hepatitis a ... | 2015 | 25969561 |
| epidemiological and genetic analysis of a 2014 outbreak of hepatitis a in japan. | hepatitis a virus (hav) is one of the most common causes of feces-transmitted acute hepatitis worldwide. in japan, most of hav infections have been sporadic cases and a relatively low number of cases (approximately 100-150) of acute hepatitis a were reported in 2012 and 2013. however, in 2014, 342 cases were reported as of week 22. in order to characterize the viral agents causing this outbreak, we collected stool or sera (and both for three case) from patients with hepatitis a from many regions ... | 2015 | 25957664 |
| thermal inactivation kinetics of human norovirus surrogates and hepatitis a virus in turkey deli meat. | human noroviruses (hnov) and hepatitis a virus (hav) have been implicated in outbreaks linked to the consumption of presliced ready-to-eat deli meats. the objectives of this research were to determine the thermal inactivation kinetics of hnov surrogates (murine norovirus 1 [mnv-1] and feline calicivirus strain f9 [fcv-f9]) and hav in turkey deli meat, compare first-order and weibull models to describe the data, and calculate arrhenius activation energy values for each model. the d (decimal reduc ... | 2015 | 25956775 |
| internet-based recruitment system for hiv and sti screening for men who have sex with men in estonia, 2013: analysis of preliminary outcomes. | the aim of the current project was to develop an internet-based recruitment system for hiv and sexually transmitted infection (sti) screening for men who have sex with men (msm) in estonia in order to collect biological samples during behavioural studies. in 2013, an internet-based hiv risk-behaviour survey was conducted among msm living in estonia. after completing the questionnaire, all participants were offered anonymous and free-of-charge sti testing. they could either order a urine sample k ... | 2015 | 25953131 |
| presence of pathogenic enteric viruses in illegally imported meat and meat products to eu by international air travelers. | one hundred twenty two meat samples confiscated from passengers on flights from non-european countries at the international airport of bilbao (spain) were tested for the presence of the main foodborne viral pathogens (human noroviruses genogroups i and ii, hepatitis a and e viruses) during 2012 and 2013. a sample process control virus, murine norovirus, was used to evaluate the correct performance of the method. overall, 67 samples were positive for at least one enteric viruses, 65 being positiv ... | 2015 | 25951793 |
| detection of hepatitis a virus in seeded oyster digestive tissue by ricin a-linked magnetic separation combined with reverse transcription pcr. | outbreaks of hepatitis a virus (hav) infections are most frequently associated with the consumption of contaminated oysters. a rapid and selective concentration method is necessary for the recovery of hav from contaminated oysters prior to detection using pcr. in this study, ricin extracted from castor beans (ricinus communis) was tested as an alternative to antibody used in immunomagnetic separation while concentrating hav prior to its detection using reverse transcription pcr. initially, the e ... | 2015 | 25951406 |