Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| rapid differentiation of vaccine strain and chinese field strains of transmissible gastroenteritis virus by restriction fragment length polymorphism of the n gene. | a strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), designated h16, was isolated in pk-15 cells and passaged serially to level 165. vaccines based on passages 155-165 in cell cultures are available commercially as vaccines for the prevention and control of infections with tgev in china. nucleoprotein (n) sequences of the virus at passages 155 and 165 were aligned and compared using a computer software program. the suitability of restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis for di ... | 2010 | 20414714 |
| isolation and characterization of the first chinese strain of porcine teschovirus-8. | investigations were carried out to identify the causal agent of acute diarrhea, respiratory distress, and death of pigs on a swine farm in jilin province, northern china. only porcine teschovirus (ptv, designated as ptv-8 jilin/2003) was isolated from samples of organs. the presence of ptv was confirmed by the production of a specific cytopathic effect on susceptible cells and by the results of the immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (ipma), polymerase chain reaction, and electron microscopy. other ... | 2010 | 20362007 |
| coronavirus survival on healthcare personal protective equipment. | 2010 | 20350196 | |
| molecular characterization of a chinese vaccine strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus: mutations that may contribute to attenuation. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), the etiological agent of transmissible gastroenteritis (tge), is the major cause of viral enteritis and fetal diarrhea in swine neonates, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry. the chinese vaccine strain h165 of tgev was derived from a virulent field strain h16 by serial passage in vitro. strain h165 has been proven to be safe in piglets and pregnant sows and displays efficacy against tgev infection. in this study, we report th ... | 2010 | 20229183 |
| effects of air temperature and relative humidity on coronavirus survival on surfaces. | assessment of the risks posed by severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (sars-cov) on surfaces requires data on survival of this virus on environmental surfaces and on how survival is affected by environmental variables, such as air temperature (at) and relative humidity (rh). the use of surrogate viruses has the potential to overcome the challenges of working with sars-cov and to increase the available data on coronavirus survival on surfaces. two potential surrogates were evaluat ... | 2010 | 20228108 |
| prevalence of antibodies against transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine respiratory coronavirus among pigs in six regions in japan. | a total of 2,703 pig sera from 171 farms in six regions in japan were screened for virus-neutralizing (vn) antibody against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). although none of the farms had clinical signs of transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) or vaccination against tgev, vn antibody was detected in 14.4% of sera at 30 farms (17.5%) across all six regions. on testing of 263 vn antibody-positive sera from 27 farms with a commercial blocking elisa to distinguish tgev and porcine respirato ... | 2010 | 20215723 |
| analysis of the gene 3 region sequences of chinese field strains of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | the genome of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) displays genetic diversity especially in gene 3 region. sequence and comparative analysis of 3a and 3b genes of eight chinese field strains with reference tgev strains indicated that these strains shared 87.0-100% and 51.5%-100% identities at the nucleotide level, respectively, and 86.1%-100% and 66.2%-100% identities at the amino acid level, respectively. moreover, in one of the strains (ch/sdq/08), a 51 nt deletion in the gene 3 region w ... | 2010 | 20201616 |
| multiplex nested rt-pcr for the detection of porcine enteric viruses. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and porcine group a rotavirus (prv-a) are major viruses causing enteric diseases of piglets. a multiplex nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (multiplex nested rt-pcr) was developed for the detection of these viruses in field samples from piglets with diarrhea. a mixture of (1) three external pairs of primers, yielding in the amplification step two different amplicons with sizes of 950 bp and 31 ... | 2010 | 20170679 |
| lactic acid bacteria efficiently protect human and animal intestinal epithelial and immune cells from enteric virus infection. | this study aimed to examine the potential antiviral activity of lactic acid bacteria (lab) using animal and human intestinal and macrophage cell line models of non tumor origin. to this end, lab strains selected on the basis of previous in vitro trials were co-incubated with cell line monolayers, which were subsequently challenged with rotavirus (rv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). in order to elucidate the possible mechanism responsible for the antiviral activity, the induction ... | 2010 | 20106541 |
| inhibition of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) replication in mini-pigs by shrna. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is the causative agent of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis (tge), characterized by high mortality and severely retarded growth in piglets that dramatically affects the porcine industry. previously, we have identified two shrna-expressing plasmids pegfp-u6/p1 and pegfp-u6/p2 that target rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) gene of tgev with more than 95% of virus inhibition in vitro. in this study, inhibition of the tgev replication by pegfp-u6/p1 an ... | 2010 | 20080134 |
| contribution of the porcine aminopeptidase n (cd13) receptor density to porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), which belong to group 1 coronaviruses, are important viral pathogens in pigs causing lethal diarrhea. as with the other members in the group 1, theses viruses are also known to use the host aminopeptidase n (apn) as the major receptor for cell entry. remarkably, it was found that they utilize distinct cultured cell lines for in vitro virus propagation, since pedv could not be replicated in swine testis (st) ce ... | 2010 | 20074871 |
| recombinant canine coronaviruses in dogs, europe. | coronaviruses of potential recombinant origin with porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), referred to as a new subtype (iib) of canine coronavirus (ccov), were recently identified in dogs in europe. to assess the distribution of the tgev-like ccov subtype, during 2001-2008 we tested fecal samples from dogs with gastroenteritis. of 1,172 samples, 493 (42.06%) were positive for ccov. ccov-ii was found in 218 samples, and ccov-i and ccov-ii genotypes were found in 182. approximately 20 ... | 2010 | 20031041 |
| porcine flt3 ligand and its receptor: generation of dendritic cells and identification of a new marker for porcine dendritic cells. | based on the known importance of flt3 ligand (flt3l) for the development of mouse dendritic cells (dcs), the present study compared the phenotype and function of dc derived from porcine bone marrow haematopoietic cells using either granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor or flt3l (gmcsf-dc and flt3l-dc, respectively). to this end, porcine flt3l was cloned resulting in the identification of three isoforms of flt3l. compared to gmcsf-dc which were uniformly cd14(+), flt3l-dc had a more di ... | 2010 | 20015454 |
| comprehensive detection and identification of seven animal coronaviruses and human respiratory coronavirus 229e with a microarray hybridization assay. | based on microarray hybridization, a diagnostic test for coronavirus infection was developed using eight coronavirus strains: canine coronavirus (ccov), feline infectious peritonitis virus (fipv), feline coronavirus (fcov), bovine coronavirus (bcov), porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcov), turkey enteritis coronavirus (tcov), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and human respiratory coronavirus (hrcov). up to 104 cdna clones of eight viruses were obtained by reverse transcription pcr wi ... | 2010 | 19955814 |
| coronavirus nucleocapsid protein facilitates template switching and is required for efficient transcription. | purified nucleocapsid protein (n protein) from transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) enhanced hammerhead ribozyme self-cleavage and favored nucleic acid annealing, properties that define rna chaperones, as previously reported. several tgev n-protein deletion mutants were expressed in escherichia coli and purified, and their rna binding ability and rna chaperone activity were evaluated. the smallest n-protein domain analyzed with rna chaperone activity, facilitating dna and rna annealing, co ... | 2010 | 19955314 |
| characterization of the cytokine and maturation responses of pure populations of porcine plasmacytoid dendritic cells to porcine viruses and toll-like receptor agonists. | plausible representatives of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pdcs) in pigs have been characterized as being cd4(hi)cd172(lo). due to their paucity in blood, we utilized novel fluorescent-activated cell sorting procedures to isolate them from pbmc. the resultant subset was greater than 98% homogeneous in regards to the selected phenotype and contained the preponderance of individuals secreting ifn-alpha after exposure to a known stimulant, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). in addition to ... | 2010 | 19939462 |
| an elisa based on recombinant spike protein s for the detection of antibodies to transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine-like canine coronaviruses. | recombinant canine coronaviruses, resembling the transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine (tgev) in a 5' fragment of the s glycoprotein, have been detected recently and showed to be present in canine populations. the 5' fragment of the s protein (s') of a tgev-like canine coronavirus (ccov), strain 174/06, was expressed in an escherichia coli cell-free system. the purified recombinant polypeptide was employed to develop an elisa test for the detection of tgev-like ccov-specific antibodies in ... | 2010 | 19878695 |
| antigen-capture blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on a baculovirus recombinant antigen to differentiate transmissible gastroenteritis virus from porcine respiratory coronavirus antibodies. | a new commercially available antigen-capture, blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (antigen-capture b-elisa), based on baculovirus truncated-s recombinant protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and 3 specific monoclonal antibodies, was developed and evaluated by examining a panel of 453 positive porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcov), 31 positive tgev, and 126 negative field sera by using another commercially available differential coronavirus b-elisa as the reference techn ... | 2009 | 19737754 |
| a real-time taqman rt-pcr assay with an internal amplification control for rapid detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in swine fecal samples. | a taqman probe-based real-time rt-pcr assay was developed for simultaneous detection of rna of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) in pig fecal samples and rna of enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) added exogenously as an internal amplification control. the tgev primers and probe were designed to be specific to a portion of the s gene sequence conserved in all tgev isolates, but absent in the closely related porcine respiratory coronaviruses. the optimized taqman assay detected a m ... | 2009 | 19729039 |
| [porcine aminopeptidase n is a functional receptor for the pedv coronavirus]. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes lethal diarrhea in piglets that leads to great economic losses in east asia. it was reported that aminopeptidase n (apn) was the receptor for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), human coronavirus 229e (hcov-229e) and feline coronavirus (fecov) which all belonged to group i coronavirus including pedv. it was also confirmed previously that porcine aminopeptidase n (papn) could bind to pedv, and anti-papn antibodies could inhibit the combination ... | 2009 | 19634766 |
| oral immunization of mice with recombinant lactococcus lactis expressing porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus spike glycoprotein. | lactococcus lactis nz9000 was selected as an antigen delivery vehicle for mucosal immunization against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) infection. an approximately 70 kda fragment of the n-terminal globular domain of the spike (s) protein (sn protein) from the coronavirus tgev was used as the transmissible gastroenteritis virus antigen model. recombinant l. lactis, expressing the sn protein, was constructed with the pnz8112 plasmid. expression and localization of the transcribe ... | 2009 | 19629668 |
| host cell proteins interacting with the 3' end of tgev coronavirus genome influence virus replication. | coronavirus rna synthesis is performed by a multienzymatic replicase complex together with cellular factors. this process requires the specific recognition of rna cis-acting signals located at the ends of the viral genome. to identify cellular proteins involved in coronavirus rna synthesis, transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tgev) genome ends, harboring essential cis-acting signals for replication, were used as baits for rna affinity protein purification. ten proteins were preferentially ... | 2009 | 19580983 |
| intragastric administration of attenuated salmonella typhimurium harbouring transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) dna vaccine induced specific antibody production. | attenuated salmonella typhimurium was selected as a transgenic vehicle for the development of live mucosal vaccines against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). a 2.2kb dna fragment, encoding for n-terminal domain glycoprotein s of tgev, was amplified by rt-pcr and cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pvax1. the recombinant plasmid pvax-s was transformed by electroporation into attenuated s. typhimurium sl7207, the expression and translation of the pvax-s delivered by recombinant s. t ... | 2009 | 19573642 |
| analysis of putative recombination hot sites in the s gene of canine coronaviruses. | the s gene sequence of canine coronavirus strain 1-71 (ccov 1-71) was cloned, sequenced, and compared to those of other ccovs, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and feline coronavirus (fcov). the sequence analysis showed that ccov 1-71 displayed a 98.8-99.8% identity with ccovs strains v1, k378, and gp. four putative recombination sites were found at the 5'-end of the s gene, namely at nt 53, 75, 425, 991. both sequences flanking each site were significantly different. three recombinat ... | 2009 | 19537912 |
| multiplex pcr and multiplex rt-pcr for inclusive detection of major swine dna and rna viruses in pigs with multiple infections. | multiplex pcr and multiplex rt-pcr were developed to identify nine viruses in pigs with multiple infections. these viruses are: porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), suid herpesvirus 1, porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), japanese encephalitis virus, porcine rotavirus a (porv-a), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and getah virus. these methods were shown to be high specificity and sensitivity. in the ... | 2009 | 19467264 |
| plant production of veterinary vaccines and therapeutics. | plant-derived biologicals for use in animal health are becoming an increasingly important target for research into alternative, improved methods for disease control. although there are no commercial products on the market yet, the development and testing of oral, plant-based vaccines is now beyond the proof-of-principle stage. vaccines, such as those developed for porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus, have the potential to stimulate both mucosal and systemic, as well as, lactogenic immuni ... | 2009 | 19401822 |
| [construction, safety and immunogenicity analysis of attenuated salmonella typhimurium harbouring tgev dna vaccine]. | to study the feasibility of using attenuated salmonella typhimurium as carrier for oral immunization of tgev dna vaccine. | 2009 | 19388267 |
| comparison of vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with the s proteins from a porcine and a human coronavirus. | the surface proteins s of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) were compared for their ability to mediate infection of viral pseudotypes based on vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv). the cell tropism of the respective pseudotypes corresponded to the tropism of the viruses from which the s protein was derived. higher infectivity values were obtained with the sars-cov s protein than with the tgev s protein. differences were observed w ... | 2009 | 19264610 |
| survival of surrogate coronaviruses in water. | the emergence of a previously unknown coronavirus infection, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars), demonstrated that fecally contaminated liquid droplets are a potential vehicle for the spread of a respiratory virus to large numbers of people. to assess potential risks from this pathway, there is a need for surrogates for sars coronavirus to provide representative data on viral survival in contaminated water. this study evaluated survival of two surrogate coronaviruses, transmissible gastroe ... | 2009 | 19246070 |
| sequence analysis of divergent canine coronavirus strains present in a uk dog population. | forty faecal samples were tested by rt-pcr using coronavirus consensus primers to determine faecal shedding of canine coronavirus (ccov) and canine respiratory coronavirus (crcov) in a dog population housed at a rescue centre. seven samples were positive for ccov while all samples were negative for crcov. sequence analysis of five ccov strains showed a high similarity with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) at the n-terminus of the spike protein. all strains contained an open reading fra ... | 2009 | 19162099 |
| identification of sugar residues involved in the binding of tgev to porcine brush border membranes. | coronaviruses most often infect the respiratory or intestinal tract. transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), a group 1 coronavirus, infects the porcine small intestine. piglets up to the age of 3 weeks die from diarrhea caused by the viral gastroenteritis unless they are protected by antibodies. in addition to the cellular receptor, porcine aminopeptidase n, the tgev spike protein binds to sialic acid residues. we have shown that the sialic acid binding activity mediates the binding of tgev ... | 2008 | 19057868 |
| recombinant canine coronaviruses related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine are circulating in dogs. | four canine coronavirus type ii (ccov-ii) strains were identified in the guts and internal organs of pups which had died of acute gastroenteritis. the ccov-ii strains were strictly related to porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) in the n-terminal domain of the spike protein, whereas in the other parts of the genome, a higher genetic relatedness to recent ccov-ii isolates was observed. experimental infection of dogs with a tgev-like isolate induced mild gastroenteritis without any s ... | 2009 | 19036814 |
| [isolation and genomic sequence analysis of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus]. | a transmissible gastroenteritis virus strain was isolated from suspect samples in sichuan province and identified by st cell culture, direct fluorescent antibody test (fa), neutralization test (nt), tme examination and some other methods, then it was named sc-y. the isolated strain could produce obvious cytopathic effects (cpe), the tcid50 was 10(-3.664)/0.05 ml, the neutralization index is 52.5. cdna fragments covering the complete genome were amplified by the long reverse transcription pcr. th ... | 2008 | 19035325 |
| antiviral activity of quercetin 7-rhamnoside against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) is the predominant cause of severe entero-pathogenic diarrhea in swine. the lack of effective therapeutical treatment underlines the importance of research for new antivirals. in this study, we identified q7r, which actively inhibited pedv replication with a 50% inhibitory concentration (ic(50)) of 0.014 microg/ml. the 50% cytotoxicity concentration (cc(50)) of q7r was over 100 microg/ml and the derived therapeutic index was 7142. several structural analogu ... | 2009 | 18992773 |
| virological and serological studies of porcine respiratory coronavirus infection on a japanese farm. | we detected transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) antibodies in pig farms in tochigi prefecture, although the farms had no past record of tgev vaccination or tge. among the farms, farm a showed a high antibody incidence. we could not confirm if either tgev or porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv) induced the antibodies, since conventional tests failed to discriminate prcv from tgev. therefore, we conducted virological and serological examinations of this farm for 4 years to establish the e ... | 2008 | 18840967 |
| importance of cholesterol for infection of cells by transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | in this study, we addressed the question whether cholesterol is important for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), a porcine coronavirus, in the initiation of an infection. we found that cholesterol depletion from the cellular membrane by methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (mbetacd) significantly impaired the efficiency of tgev infection. infectivity was also reduced after depleting cholesterol from the viral envelope. this finding is surprising because coronaviruses bud from a pre-golgi compartmen ... | 2008 | 18727942 |
| effect of different levels of mannan-oligosaccharide supplementation on some immunological variables in weaned piglets. | the effect of different doses of mannan-oligosaccharide (mos) on specific and non-specific immune responses was studied in piglets, weaned at 28 days. a total of 58 piglets were used in six groups. five groups were fed 0, 1, 2, 4 g mos product per kg diet or with growth promoting antibiotics and immunized by inactivated aujeszky’s disease virus (ayv) vaccine at week 1 and 3 of the experiment (35 and 49 days). a sixth group, receiving the same non-supplemented diets was not immunized. blood sampl ... | 2009 | 18700854 |
| antibodies to selected viral disease agents in wild boars from the czech republic. | blood samples were collected from wild boar (sus scrofa) shot during the hunting season from 1999 to 2005 in the czech republic. sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv), and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). indirect fluorescence antibody test was used for detection of antibodies against porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and transmissible ... | 2008 | 18689671 |
| sequence analysis of the orf 7 region of transmissible gastroenteritis viruses isolated in korea. | three (kt2, 133, and dae) transmissible gastroenteritis viruses (tgevs) were isolated from pigs suspected of having tge in korea. one, kt2 (kt2-l), was passaged 128 times (kt2-h) in swine testicular cells. the open reading frame 7 (orf 7) gene from each of the four tgevs (kt2-l, kt2-h, 133, and dae), which is located at the 3' end of the tgev genome, was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). amplified pcr products were cloned, sequenced, and compared with publish ... | 2008 | 18172751 |
| the spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus is retained intracellularly by a tyrosine motif. | we have analyzed the intracellular transport of the spike (s) protein of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), an avian coronavirus. surface expression was analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy, by surface biotinylation, and by syncytium formation by s-expressing cells. by applying these methods, the s protein was found to be retained intracellularly. tyr1143 in the cytoplasmic tail was shown to be a crucial component of the retention signal. deletion of a dilysine motif that has previously bee ... | 2008 | 18094153 |
| potential and limitation of uvc irradiation for the inactivation of pathogens in platelet concentrates. | pathogen contamination, causing transfusion-transmitted diseases, is an ongoing concern in transfusion of cellular blood products. in this explorative study, the pathogen-inactivating capacity of uvc irradiation in platelet (plt) concentrates was investigated. the dose dependencies of inactivation of several viruses and bacteria were compared with the effect on plt quality. | 2008 | 18028277 |
| two-way antigenic cross-reactivity between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) and group 1 animal covs is mediated through an antigenic site in the n-terminal region of the sars-cov nucleoprotein. | in 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (sars-cov) emerged in humans, causing a global epidemic. by phylogenetic analysis, sars-cov is distinct from known covs and most closely related to group 2 covs. however, no antigenic cross-reactivity between sars-cov and known covs was conclusively and consistently demonstrated except for group 1 animal covs. we analyzed this cross-reactivity by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and western blot analysis using specific ... | 2007 | 17913799 |
| the emergence of porcine circovirus 2b genotype (pcv-2b) in swine in canada. | since late 2004, the swine industry in the province of quebec has experienced a significant increase in death rate related to postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). to explain this phenomenon, 2 hypotheses were formulated: 1) the presence of a 2nd pathogen could be exacerbating the porcine circovirus 2 (pcv-2) infection, or 2) a new and more virulent pcv-2 strain could be infecting swine. in 2005, 13 pmws cases were submitted to the quebec provincial diagnostic laboratory and pcv-2 w ... | 2007 | 17824323 |
| novel small-molecule inhibitors of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | we used swine testicle (st) cells infected with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and an indirect immunofluorescent assay with antibodies against tgev spike and nucleocapsid proteins to screen small-molecule compounds that inhibit tgev replication. analogues of initial hits were collected and subjected to a 3cl protease (3cl(pro)) inhibition assay with recombinant 3cl(pro) and a fluorogenic peptide substrate. a series of benzothiazolium compounds were found to have inhibitory activity a ... | 2007 | 17709464 |
| multiplex real-time rt-pcr for the simultaneous detection and quantification of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) are major etiological agents of diarrhea and death in piglets. multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase (rt)-pcr was developed for simultaneous differential quantification of each virus in a single reaction tube, using cy5- and fam-labeled taqman-probes based on sequences from the tgev and pedv nucleocapsid genes. the copy numbers for transcripts of tgev and pedv were quantified using this assay over a range f ... | 2007 | 17697717 |
| absence of e protein arrests transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus maturation in the secretory pathway. | a recombinant transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (rtgev) in which e gene was deleted (rtgev-deltae) has been engineered. this deletion mutant only grows in cells expressing e protein (e(+) cells) indicating that e was an essential gene for tgev replication. electron microscopy studies of rtgev-deltae infected bhk-papn-e(-) cells showed that only immature intracellular virions were assembled. these virions were non-infectious and not secreted to the extracellular medium in bhk-papn-e(-) ce ... | 2007 | 17692883 |
| development of a simple and rapid immunochromatographic strip test for diarrhea-causative porcine rotavirus in swine stool. | a rapid and simple immunochromatography (ic) strip test, for specific detection of porcine rotavirus (prv) in stool specimen, was developed. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the osu strain of prv have been produced in mice. among them, two hybridoma clones that generate mab-1 and mab-2, respectively, specific for vp6 protein of prv, have been selected. in the ic configuration, mab-1, one of the selected mabs was used to the designed coat microparticles (mp), while another mab-2 was used to fix it ... | 2007 | 17644198 |
| antiviral activity of carbohydrate-binding agents against nidovirales in cell culture. | coronaviruses are important human and animal pathogens, the relevance of which increased due to the emergence of new human coronaviruses like sars-cov, hku1 and nl63. together with toroviruses, arteriviruses, and roniviruses the coronaviruses belong to the order nidovirales. so far antivirals are hardly available to combat infections with viruses of this order. therefore, various antiviral strategies to counter nidoviral infections are under evaluation. lectins, which bind to n-linked oligosacch ... | 2007 | 17560666 |
| [construction of recombinant lactococcus lactis expressing porcine transmissible gastroenteritis spike glycoprotein and analysis of immunogenicity]. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), is an enteropathogenic coronavirus that causes a highly fatal acute diarrhea in newborn pigs. it's typically clinical manifestations consist of omitting, severe diarrhea, loss water and highly infectious disease. all kinds and ages of pigs can be infected. particular, the mortality piglets under 3 weeks may reach 100% . the effective protection against tgev requires the development of vaccines that are able to induce local mucosal immunization. lactoco ... | 2007 | 17552246 |
| immune response induced by spike protein from transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus expressed in mouse mammary cells. | the present study is undertaken to investigate the immune response that was induced by the recombinant spike (s) protein from swine-transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) expressed in mouse mammary cells. a mammary-specific expression vector pebs containing the full-length cdna of s gene was constructed and expressed in the mouse mammary cells (emt6). the recombinant s protein from culture supernatant of transgenic emt6 was harvested and immunized balb/c mice. the results demonstrated recomb ... | 2007 | 17532081 |
| porcine aminopeptidase n is a functional receptor for the pedv coronavirus. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes lethal diarrhea in piglets that leads to great economic losses in east asia. it was reported that aminopeptidase n (apn) is the receptor for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), human coronavirus 229e (hcov-229e) and feline coronavirus (fecov) which all belong to group i coronavirus including as well as pedv. it was also confirmed previously that porcine aminopeptidase n (papn) can bind to pedv, and anti-papn antibodies may inhibit the combina ... | 2007 | 17467767 |
| identification of antibody against porcine coronavirus in human milk. | a total of 239 human milk samples collected from mothers in chiba city, japan during 1994-1997 were tested for the presence of anti-coronavirus antibody. interestingly, twelve human milk samples were positive for iga against porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus, and this represented 5%. these findings provided evidence that the interspecies transmission of coronavirus between human and porcine might occur in nature. this report is noteworthy because it is the first, to the best of o ... | 2007 | 17447647 |
| porcine respiratory coronavirus in quebec: serological studies using a competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv) was identified for the first time in quebec, using a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). unlike the virus neutralization test (vnt), this elisa was able to distinguish transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) from prcv. among the 15 seropositive fattening herds from group a, sera containing prcv antibodies represented 74.8%, whereas those with tgev antibodies represented only 7.2%. in group b, which consisted of 15 sow herds, nine herds ex ... | 1992 | 17424115 |
| enzootic pneumonia in feeder pigs: association with transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection. | infection with transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was present in some pigs on arrival at a feeder pig farm and was well established three weeks later. tge infection preceded mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection, which was not detected until three weeks after arrival. severe lesions of enzootic pneumonia were observed at the end of the fattening period.a trial was subsequently done in six-week-old-pigs in order to evaluate the potentiating effect of tgev infection on experimental m. hyopneu ... | 1989 | 17423290 |
| enzootic pneumonia in feeder pigs: observations on causal factors. | a number of factors were studied in eight feeder pig herds, affected with severe or mild enzootic pneumonia, in order to identify those associated with this disease. piggeries with poor facilities and management and where procurement of piglets was from sales barns were more severely affected with enzootic pneumonia than were those with good facilities and where pigs originated directly from breeding units. serological tests and virus isolation revealed that all herds had been exposed to mycopla ... | 1989 | 17423261 |
| an outbreak of diarrhea in piglets caused by a coronavirus antigenically distinct from transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | coronavirus-like particles were visualized by electron microscopy in the intestinal contents of piglets during a diarrheal outbreak on a quebec pig farm. the precipitating antigens of transmissible gastroenteritis virus were not detected in the intestinal contents of diarrheic animals by counter-immunoelectrophoresis. insignificant antibody titers against transmissible gastroenteritis virus were demonstrated in the sera of convalescent pigs by indirect immunofluorescence and these sera did not r ... | 1985 | 17422513 |
| porcine neonatal coccidiosis in quebec. | intestinal coccidiosis was diagnosed in 110 diarrheic piglets originating from 66 farrowing operations. these piglets had been submitted alive for necropsy early after the beginning of diarrhea, and the diagnosis of coccidiosis was based on the demonstration of coccidial forms in their jejunum by histopathological examination. enteropathogenic strains of escherichia coli were demonstrated in only nine of the 110 piglets while the transmissible gastroenteritis virus and rotavirus were each presen ... | 1982 | 17422160 |
| feline aminopeptidase n is not a functional receptor for avian infectious bronchitis virus. | coronaviruses are an important cause of infectious diseases in humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars), and have the continued potential for emergence from animal species. a major factor in the host range of a coronavirus is its receptor utilization on host cells. in many cases, coronavirus-receptor interactions are well understood. however, a notable exception is the receptor utilization by group 3 coronaviruses, including avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). feline amino ... | 2007 | 17324273 |
| an antibody derivative expressed from viral vectors passively immunizes pigs against transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection when supplied orally in crude plant extracts. | to investigate the potential of antibody derivatives to provide passive protection against enteric infections when supplied orally in crude plant extracts, we have expressed a small immune protein (sip) in plants using two different plant virus vectors based on potato virus x (pvx) and cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv). the epsilonsip molecule consisted of a single-chain antibody (scfv) specific for the porcine coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) linked to the epsilon-ch4 domain from ... | 2006 | 17309733 |
| effective inhibition of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus replication in st cells by shrnas targeting rna-dependent rna polymerase gene. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is identified as one of the most important pathogenic agents during swine enteric infection, leading to high mortality in neonatal pigs and severe annual economic loss in swine-producing areas. up to date, various vaccines developed against tgev still need to be improved. to exploit the possibility of using rna interference (rnai) as a strategy against tgev infection, two shrna-expressing plasmids (pegfp-u6/p1 and pegfp-u6/p2) targeting the rna-dependen ... | 2007 | 17287033 |
| molecular characterisation of the virulent canine coronavirus cb/05 strain. | this paper characterises a virulent strain (cb/05) of canine coronavirus (ccov) isolated from the internal organs of pups that had died of a systemic disease without evidence of other common canine pathogens. high viral rna titres were detected in the internal organs by a real-time rt-pcr assay specific for ccov type ii. sequence analysis of the 3' end (8.7kb) of the genomic rna of strain cb/05 revealed conserved structural as well as non-structural proteins, with the exception of a truncated fo ... | 2007 | 17275120 |
| development of a method for bacteria and virus recovery from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (hvac) filters. | the aim of the work presented here is to study the effectiveness of building air handling units (ahus) in serving as high volume sampling devices for airborne bacteria and viruses. an hvac test facility constructed according to ashrae standard 52.2-1999 was used for the controlled loading of hvac filter media with aerosolized bacteria and virus. nonpathogenic bacillus subtilis var. niger was chosen as a surrogate for bacillus anthracis. three animal viruses; transmissible gastroenteritis virus ( ... | 2006 | 17240906 |
| exceptional flexibility in the sequence requirements for coronavirus small envelope protein function. | the small envelope protein (e) plays a role of central importance in the assembly of coronaviruses. this was initially established by studies demonstrating that cellular expression of only e protein and the membrane protein (m) was necessary and sufficient for the generation and release of virus-like particles. to investigate the role of e protein in the whole virus, we previously generated e gene mutants of mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) that were defective in viral growth and produced aberrantly ... | 2007 | 17182690 |
| recombinant dimeric small immunoproteins neutralize transmissible gastroenteritis virus infectivity efficiently in vitro and confer passive immunity in vivo. | small immunoproteins (sips) are single-chain molecules comprising the variable regions of an antibody assembled in a single polypeptide (scfv) and joined to the immunoglobulin heavy-chain dimerizing domain. to investigate the potential of these molecules to provide protection against enteric infections when supplied orally, sips were generated against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), a highly pathogenic porcine virus. different variants of tgev-specific sips were created, of epsilon a ... | 2007 | 17170451 |
| comparison of a fimbrial versus an autotransporter display system for viral epitopes on an attenuated salmonella vaccine vector. | attenuated salmonella have been used as vectors to deliver foreign antigens as live vaccines. we have previously developed an efficient surface-display system by genetically engineering 987p fimbriae to present transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) c and a epitopes for the induction of anti-tgev antibodies with a salmonella vaccine vector. here, this system was compared with an autotransporter protein surface display system. the tgev c and a epitopes were fused to the passenger domain of th ... | 2007 | 17169467 |
| porcine innate and adaptative immune responses to influenza and coronavirus infections. | both innate and adaptative immune responses contribute to the control of infectious diseases, including by limiting the spreading of zoonotic diseases from animal reservoirs to humans. pigs represent an important animal reservoir for influenza virus infection of human populations and are also naturally infected by coronaviruses, an important group of viruses, which includes the recently emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) virus. studies on both innate and adaptative immune responses ... | 2006 | 17135502 |
| mutational analysis of aminopeptidase n, a receptor for several group 1 coronaviruses, identifies key determinants of viral host range. | feline coronavirus (fcov), porcine transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tgev), canine coronavirus (ccov), and human coronavirus hcov-229e, which belong to the group 1 coronavirus, use aminopeptidase n (apn) of their natural host and feline apn (fapn) as receptors. using mouse-feline apn chimeras, we identified three small, discontinuous regions, amino acids (aa) 288 to 290, aa 732 to 746 (called r1), and aa 764 to 788 (called r2) in fapn that determined the host ranges of these coronavirus ... | 2007 | 17093189 |
| silencing of natural interferon producing cell activation by porcine circovirus type 2 dna. | porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection of natural interferon producing cells (nipcs) impairs the induction of interferon (ifn)-alpha and tumour necrosis factor (tnf)-alpha by cytosine-phosphorothioate-guanine (cpg) oligodeoxynucleotides (odns), thereby preventing both their autocrine maturation and the paracrine maturation of myeloid dendritic cells (dcs). the present study shows that the pcv2-mediated inhibition of nipcs was mediated by viral dna, although it was independent of virus replic ... | 2007 | 17038051 |
| differential role of n-terminal polyprotein processing in coronavirus genome replication and minigenome amplification. | 2006 | 17037508 | |
| complete genomic sequences, a key residue in the spike protein and deletions in nonstructural protein 3b of us strains of the virulent and attenuated coronaviruses, transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine respiratory coronavirus. | transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) isolates that have been adapted to passage in cell culture maintain their infectivity in vitro but may lose their pathogenicity in vivo. to better understand the genomic mechanisms for viral attenuation, we sequenced the complete genomes of two virulent tgev strains and their attenuated counterparts: virulent tgev miller m6 and attenuated tgev miller m60 and virulent tgev purdue and attenuated tgev purdue p115, together with the isu-1 strain of porcine ... | 2007 | 17023013 |
| use of virus vectors for the expression in plants of active full-length and single chain anti-coronavirus antibodies. | to extend the potential of antibodies and their derivatives to provide passive protection against enteric infections when supplied orally in crude plant extracts, we have expressed both a small immune protein (sip) and a full-length antibody in plants using two different plant virus vectors based on potato virus x (pvx) and cowpea mosaic virus (cpmv). the alphasip molecule consisted of a single chain antibody (scfv) specific for the porcine coronavirus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) ... | 2006 | 17004304 |
| coronavirus nucleocapsid protein is an rna chaperone. | rna chaperones are nonspecific nucleic acid binding proteins with long disordered regions that help rna molecules to adopt its functional conformation. coronavirus nucleoproteins (n) are nonspecific rna-binding proteins with long disordered regions. therefore, we investigated whether transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tgev) n protein was an rna chaperone. purified n protein enhanced hammerhead ribozyme self-cleavage and nucleic acids annealing, which are properties that define rna chaper ... | 2007 | 16979208 |
| sybr green real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay for the generic detection of coronaviruses. | coronaviruses are etiologic agents of respiratory and enteric diseases in humans and in animals. in this study, a one-step real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay based on sybr green chemistry and degenerate primers was developed for the generic detection of coronaviruses. the primers, designed in the open reading frame 1b, enabled the detection of 32 animal coronaviruses including strains of canine coronavirus, feline coronavirus, transmissible gastroenteritis v ... | 2007 | 16941059 |
| methods for preparation of low abundance glycoproteins from mammalian cell supernatants. | proteins secreted to mammalian cell supernatants are usually in a low concentration and purity, due to the limitation of the expression systems or the presence of a large amount of contaminant proteins from the cell medium. so, initial protein recovery from cell supernatants requires of a highly specific chromatography step. we compared several purification methods based on affinity chromatography for purification of proteins from cell culture supernatants: metal chelate affinity, strep-tag and ... | 2006 | 16822540 |
| multiplex reverse transcription-pcr for rapid differential detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and porcine group a rotavirus. | a novel multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (multiplex rt-pcr) that can detect porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and porcine group a rotavirus (gar) was developed. the 3 viruses (pedv, tgev, and porcine gar) are major agents in viral enteric diseases of piglets. as the clinical signs of these diseases are similar, including watery diarrhea, differential detection is required for etiologic diagnosis. a mixture of 3 pairs of p ... | 2006 | 16789718 |
| assembly of pseudorabies virus genome-based transfer vehicle carrying major antigen sites of s gene of transmissible gastroenteritis virus: potential perspective for developing live vector vaccines. | two severe porcine infectious diseases, pseudorabies (pr) and transmissible gastroenteritis (tge) caused by pseudorabies virus (prv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) respectively often result in serious economic loss in animal husbandry worldwide. vaccination is the important prevention means against both infections. to achieve a prv genome-based virus live vector, aiming at further tgev/prv bivalent vaccine development, a recombinant plasmid pug was constructed via inserting parti ... | 2007 | 16731004 |
| transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection: a vanishing specter. | about twenty years ago, a new coronavirus, porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcov), was detected in swine herds. this virus is related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev); however, it is not enteropathogenic but causes only minor respiratory symptoms. as prcov shares some epitopes for neutralizing antibodies with tgev, it acts like a nature-made vaccine against tgev resulting in a drastic reduction of tge outbreaks in europe. a major difference between the two porcine coronaviruses is ... | 2006 | 16716052 |
| role of natural interferon-producing cells and t lymphocytes in porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cell maturation. | maturation of dendritic cells (dc) is a key immunological process regulating immune responses to pathogens and vaccines, as well as tolerance and autoimmune processes. consequently, the regulation of dc maturation should reflect these multifaceted immunological processes. in the present study, we have defined the role of particular cytokines, toll-like receptor (tlr) ligands and t lymphocytes in the porcine monocyte-derived dc (modc). interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) alone was a poor inducer of modc ... | 2006 | 16630025 |
| sialic acids as receptor determinants for coronaviruses. | among coronaviruses, several members are able to interact with sialic acids. for bovine coronavirus (bcov) and related viruses, binding to cell surface components containing n-acetyl-9- o-acetylneuraminic acid is essential for initiation of an infection. these viruses resemble influenza c viruses because they share not only the receptor determinant, but also the presence of an acetylesterase that releases the 9- o-acetyl group from sialic acid and thus abolishes the ability of the respective sia ... | 2006 | 16575522 |
| molecular characterization of a novel coronavirus associated with epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ece) in ferrets. | a novel coronavirus, designated as ferret enteric coronavirus (fecv), was identified in feces of domestic ferrets clinically diagnosed with epizootic catarrhal enteritis (ece). initially, partial sequences of the polymerase, spike, membrane protein, and nucleocapsid genes were generated using coronavirus consensus pcr assays. subsequently, the complete sequences of the nucleocapsid gene and the last two open reading frames at the 3' terminus of the fecv genome were obtained. phylogenetic analyse ... | 2006 | 16499943 |
| identification of protease and adp-ribose 1''-monophosphatase activities associated with transmissible gastroenteritis virus non-structural protein 3. | the replicase polyproteins, pp1a and pp1ab, of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) have been predicted to be cleaved by viral proteases into 16 non-structural proteins (nsp). here, enzymic activities residing in the amino-proximal region of nsp3, the largest tgev replicase processing product, were characterized. it was shown, by in vitro translation experiments and protein sequencing, that the papain-like protease 1, pl1(pro), but not a mutant derivative containing a substitution ... | 2006 | 16476987 |
| a serological survey of selected pathogens in wild boar in slovenia. | serum samples collected from 178 shot wild boars (sus scrofa) were tested for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus, aujeszky's disease virus (adv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, porcine respiratory coronavirus (prcv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus, swine influenza virus, porcine parvovirus (ppv), swine vesicular disease virus, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, salmonella spp., brucella spp. and haemophilus para ... | 2006 | 16460352 |
| a point mutation within the replicase gene differentially affects coronavirus genome versus minigenome replication. | during the construction of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) full-length cdna clone, a point mutation at position 637 that was present in the defective minigenome di-c was maintained as a genetic marker. sequence analysis of the recovered viruses showed a reversion at this position to the original virus sequence. the effect of point mutations at nucleotide 637 was analyzed by reverse genetics using a tgev full-length cdna clone and cdnas from tgev-derived minigenomes. the replacemen ... | 2005 | 16306572 |
| feline coronavirus serotypes 1 and 2: seroprevalence and association with disease in switzerland. | to determine the prevalence of antibodies to feline coronavirus (fcov) serotypes 1 and 2 in switzerland and their association with different disease manifestations, a serological study based on immunofluorescence tests was conducted with swiss field cats using transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), fcov type 1 and fcov type 2 as antigens. a total of 639 serum samples collected in the context of different studies from naturally infected cats were tested. the current study revealed that, with ... | 2005 | 16210485 |
| design of wide-spectrum inhibitors targeting coronavirus main proteases. | the genus coronavirus contains about 25 species of coronaviruses (covs), which are important pathogens causing highly prevalent diseases and often severe or fatal in humans and animals. no licensed specific drugs are available to prevent their infection. different host receptors for cellular entry, poorly conserved structural proteins (antigens), and the high mutation and recombination rates of covs pose a significant problem in the development of wide-spectrum anti-cov drugs and vaccines. cov m ... | 2005 | 16128623 |
| phosphorylation and subcellular localization of transmissible gastroenteritis virus nucleocapsid protein in infected cells. | the nucleocapsid (n) protein is the only phosphorylated structural protein of the coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). the phosphorylation state and intracellular distribution of tgev n protein in infected cells were characterized by a combination of techniques including: (i) subcellular fractionation and analysis of tryptic peptides by two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography, coupled to ion-trap mass spectrometry; (ii) tandem mass-spectrometry analysis of n protein resolve ... | 2005 | 16033973 |
| commercialization of plant-based vaccines from research and development to manufacturing. | the benefits of using plant-based oral vaccines are discussed. transgenic maize expressing an antigen of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) is reported as a model to demonstrate efficacy. young pigs that were fed the tgev corn orally were protected against challenge with virulent tgev. additional parameters important in providing a reliable and consistent supply of plant-based vaccines are discussed. finally, vaccines developed in maize are evaluated for their potential to contaminate ei ... | 2004 | 15984332 |
| development of a homogeneous screening assay for automated detection of antiviral agents active against severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus. | the severity and global spread of the 2003 outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (sars-cov) highlighted the risks to human health posed by emerging viral diseases and emphasized the need for specific therapeutic agents instead of relying on existing broadly active antiviral compounds. the development of rapid screening assays is essential for antiviral drug discovery. thus, a screening system for anti-sars-cov agents was developed, which evaluated compound pote ... | 2005 | 15961169 |
| variation analysis of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus putative non-structural protein 2 gene and construction of three-dimensional model. | the rapid transmission and high mortality rate made severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) a global threat for which no efficacious therapy is available now. without sufficient knowledge about the sars coronavirus (sars-cov), it is impossible to define the candidate for the anti-sars targets. the putative non-structural protein 2 (nsp2) (3cl(pro), following the nomenclature by gao et al, also known as nsp5 in snidjer et al) of sars-cov plays an important role in viral transcription and replica ... | 2005 | 15899130 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies in blocking elisa detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus in faeces of piglets. | monoclonal antibodies (mab) to the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) nucleoprotein (n) and membrane protein (m) were prepared and used for the comparative assessment of three blocking elisa variants to detect tgev. the competitive blocking elisa format showed the highest sensitivity, allowing detection of 10(3) tcid50 tgev/ml in culture medium. ninety-nine porcine field faecal samples obtained from 37 herds affected with diarrhoea were examined, and various tgev levels were found in nin ... | 2005 | 15876221 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the korean strain of spike gene of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and expression of its neutralizing epitope in plants. | porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) causes acute diarrhea and dehydration in pigs and leads to death with a high mortality rate, which has been reported notably in korea. the spike (s) gene of the pedv isolated in korea was cloned and sequenced. the nucleotide sequence encoding the entire s gene open reading frame of korean strain was 4161 bases long encoding 1387 amino acids. the neutralizing epitope of korean pedv (k-coe) was expressed in tobacco plants using agrobacterium-mediated protein ... | 2005 | 15866725 |
| molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of orf7 region of chinese isolate th-98 from transmissible gastroenteritis virus. | genomic rna was extracted from a chinese isolate of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) designated th-98. employing rt-pcr technique to amplify orf7 sequence of tgev, which located at the 3' end of tgev genome and is poorly understood functionally so far. a recombinant named pproex htc-hp was constructed via inserting orf7 gene into prokaryotic expression vector pproex htc. the recombinant was sequenced and compared the dna and its deduced amino acid (aa) sequences with that of so ... | 2005 | 15830158 |
| mixed infections in vitro with different chlamydiaceae strains and a cell culture adapted porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. | assuming a synergistic or additive effect of chlamydiaceae in coexistence with other enteropathogenic agents, the viral/bacterial interaction between a cell culture adapted porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (ca-pedv) and different chlamydiaceae strains was studied in vitro. vero cells were dually infected with ca-pedv and one of the three chlamydial strains chlamydia trachomatis s45, chlamydophila abortus s26/3 or chlamydophila pecorum 1710s. three experimental protocols were designed varying the ... | 2005 | 15778027 |
| animal coronavirus vaccines: lessons for sars. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) emerged in china and spread globally as a human pandemic. it is caused by a new coronavirus (cov) of suspect animal origin. the emergence of sars stunned medical scientists, but veterinary virologists had previously recognized covs as causing fatal respiratory or enteric disease in animals with interspecies transmission and wildlife reservoirs. because of its public health impact, major efforts are focused on development of sars vaccines. occurrence of co ... | 2004 | 15742624 |
| role of nucleotides immediately flanking the transcription-regulating sequence core in coronavirus subgenomic mrna synthesis. | the generation of subgenomic mrnas in coronavirus involves a discontinuous mechanism of transcription by which the common leader sequence, derived from the genome 5' terminus, is fused to the 5' end of the mrna coding sequence (body). transcription-regulating sequences (trss) precede each gene and include a conserved core sequence (cs) surrounded by relatively variable sequences (5' trs and 3' trs). regulation of transcription in coronaviruses has been studied by reverse-genetics analysis of the ... | 2005 | 15681451 |
| evaluation of a safe and sensitive spike protein-based immunofluorescence assay for the detection of antibody responses to sars-cov. | previously, we have identified a truncated antigenic fragment named protein c [441 to 700 amino acids (a.a.)] as the immunodominant fragment of spike (s) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (sars-cov). we have now successfully expressed protein c using the baculovirus system in s. frugiperda (sf-9) cells. this recombinant baculovirus expressing protein c was first characterized using five sars convalescent human sera and five normal human sera. the results showed that ... | 2004 | 15680149 |
| intragastric administration of lactobacillus casei expressing transmissible gastroentritis coronavirus spike glycoprotein induced specific antibody production. | lactobacillus casei strain shirota was selected as a bacterial carrier for the development of live mucosal vaccines against coronavirus. a 75 kda fragment of transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tgev) spike glycoprotein s was used as the model coronavirus antigen. the s glycoprotein was cloned into a lactobacillus/e. coli shuttle vector (plp500) where expression and secretion of the glycoprotein s from the recombinant lactobacilli was detected via immunoblotting. oral immunization of balb/ ... | 2005 | 15661381 |
| rt-pcr-based dot blot hybridization for the detection and differentiation between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus in fecal samples using a non-radioactive digoxigenin cdna probe. | multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-based dot blot hybridization was developed to increase the sensitivity for the detection and differentiation between porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) in fecal samples. fecal samples found positive by rt-pcr-based agarose gel electrophoresis were always found positive by rt-pcr-based dot blot hybridization. in addition, 5 out of 10 fecal samples which were negative for pedv by r ... | 2005 | 15620395 |
| enzyme linked immunoassay and fluorescent antibody techniques in the diagnosis of viral diseases using staphylococcal protein-a instead of anti-gamma-globulins. | staphylococcal protein-a (spa) is known to interact with the crystallizable fragment (fc) of igg molecules from several species. in the present study, spa coupled to either fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) or peroxidase was used in place of antisera to igg for the fluorescent antibody (fa) techniques and the enzyme linked immunoassay (elisa). the spa conjugates produced low background staining when applied in these techniques, and provide a rapid, highly specific and sensitive means for the ide ... | 1980 | 15612263 |
| development of mouse hepatitis virus and sars-cov infectious cdna constructs. | the genomes of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and mouse hepatitis virus (mhv) have been generated with a novel construction strategy that allows for the assembly of very large rna and dna genomes from a panel of contiguous cdna subclones. recombinant viruses generated from these methods contained the appropriate marker mutations and replicated as efficiently as wild-type virus. the mhv cloning strategy can also be used to generate recombinant viruses that contain foreign genes or mut ... | 2005 | 15609514 |