Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| pathogenicity differences between a newly emerged tw-like strain and a prevalent qx-like strain of infectious bronchitis virus. | tw-like ibv isolates have appeared frequently in recent years in mainland china. in this study, we compared the tw-like ibv gd strain and the predominant qx-like sd strain in terms of serology and pathogenicity to 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. both strains could cause severe respiratory distress and renal lesions, with a mortality rate were approximately 20%. virus were continuously shed via the respiratory tract and cloaca. however, the infection pattern of the two isolates were d ... | 2018 | 30473347 |
| virus neutralization study using h120, h52, 793/b antisera against iranian infectious bronchitis virus genotypes. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a major pathogen of the domestic fowl, exhibits extensive antigenic variation. ibv is a member of the coronaviridae family and the genus gammacoronavirus. a new infectious bronchitis virus serotype can emerge from only very few amino acid changes within the major peplomer glycoprotein, namely in its s1 part forming the virion spike. principally, the serotypes are identified by virus neutralization (vn) tests. this study is aimed to investigate the neutralizing ... | 2019 | 30472866 |
| pathobiological and genomic characterization of a cold-adapted infectious bronchitis virus (bp-cakii). | we established a cold-adapted infectious bronchitis virus (bp-cakii) by passaging a field virus through specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs 20 times at 32 °c. we characterized its growth kinetics and pathogenicity in embryonated eggs, and its tropism and persistence in different tissues from chickens; then, we evaluated pathogenicity by using a new premature reproductive tract pathogenicity model. furthermore, we determined the complete genomic sequence of bp-cakii to understand the genetic ... | 2018 | 30463206 |
| the in ovo delivery of cpg oligonucleotides protects against infectious bronchitis with the recruitment of immune cells into the respiratory tract of chickens. | the in ovo delivery of cytosine-guanosine (cpg) oligodeoxynucleotides (odns) protects chickens against many bacterial and viral infections, by activating the toll-like receptor (tlr)21 signaling pathway. although the delivery of cpg odns in ovo at embryo day (ed) 18 has been shown to reduce infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) loads in embryonic chicken lungs pre-hatch, whether in ovo delivered cpg odns are capable of protecting chickens against a post-hatch challenge is unknown. thus, our objectiv ... | 2018 | 30445707 |
| a multiplex xtag assay for the simultaneous detection of five chicken immunosuppressive viruses. | chicken anemia virus (cav), avian reovirus (arv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), marek's disease virus (mdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) all cause immunosuppressive disease in birds through vertical or horizontal transmission. mixed infections with these immunosuppressive pathogens lead to atypical clinical signs and obstruct accurate diagnoses and epidemiological investigations. therefore, it is essential to develop a high-throughput assay for the simultaneous detection of th ... | 2018 | 30442149 |
| surveillance and investigative diagnosis of a poultry flock in great britain co-infected with an influenza a virus and an avirulent avian avulavirus type 1. | a detailed veterinary and laboratory investigation revealed an unusual case of concurrent avian avulavirus type 1 (aavv-1, formerly called avian paramyxovirus type 1) and low pathogenicity avian influenza (lpai) virus infections of chickens during march 2010 in a mixed poultry and livestock farm in great britain. respiratory signs and daily mortality of 5-6 birds in a broiler flock 8-weeks of age prompted submission of two carcasses to an animal and plant health agency (apha) regional laboratory ... | 2019 | 30390413 |
| prevalence of avian influenza, newcastle disease, and infectious bronchitis viruses in broiler flocks infected with multifactorial respiratory diseases in iran, 2015-2016. | in this study, the prevalence and spatial distribution of newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis, and avian influenza have been evaluated in commercial broiler farms in 31 provinces in iran. in this survey, a total of 233 affected broiler chicken farms were sampled. the infectious bronchitis virus (alone) was detected with highest frequency in 60 farms, and separately or combined with other agents, in 110 farms; newcastle disease virus, separately, was detected in 28 farms, and in 63 farms sep ... | 2019 | 30377950 |
| including 793/b type avian infectious bronchitis vaccine in 1-day-old chicken increased the protection against qx genotype. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a highly infectious pathogen, which affects the respiratory tract, reproductive system, and kidney of chickens. many different genotypes of ibv are recognized which cause different clinical manifestations. according to the antigenic differences, different serotypes of the virus do not cross-protect. massachusetts serotype induces the best cross-protection against other serotypes. recently, the ibv qx genotype has been detected in iran. qx genotype causes perm ... | 2019 | 30374823 |
| molecular detection and phylogenetic properties of isolated infectious bronchitis viruses from broilers in ahvaz, southwest iran, based on partial sequences of spike gene. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease involving mostly upper respiratory tract in chickens, leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. one of the major concerns regarding to ib is the emergence of new types of infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs). the purpose of this study was to identify the ibvs isolated from iranian broiler chickens with respiratory symptoms. twenty-five broiler flocks around ahwaz (southwest of iran) were examined for ibv. t ... | 2018 | 30357063 |
| recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses expressing heterologous s1 subunits: potential for a new generation of vaccines that replicate in vero cells. | the spike glycoprotein (s) of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) comprises two subunits, s1 and s2. we have previously demonstrated that the s2 subunit of the avirulent beau-r strain is responsible for its extended cellular tropism for vero cells. two recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses (ribvs) have been generated; the immunogenic s1 subunit is derived from the ibv vaccine strain, h120, or the virulent field strain, qx, within the genetic background of beau-r. the ribvs beaur-h120(s1) and b ... | 2018 | 30355423 |
| co-circulation of genetically diverse population of vaccine related and unrelated respiratory mycoplasmas and viruses in uk poultry flocks with health or production problems. | respiratory diseases continue to have a major impact on poultry health, welfare and productivity. however, little information is available on their current status in uk poultry flocks. we investigated the presence of four economically important respiratory pathogens in healthy or problematic flocks; infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian metapneumovirus (ampv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) and mycoplasma synoviae (ms). samples from 131 uk poultry flocks were received during the 12 month study ... | 2018 | 30322525 |
| sequencing and in silico multi-aspect analysis of s1 glycoprotein in 793/b serotype of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from iran in 2003 and 2011. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is an acute, highly contagious, and economically important viral disease of chickens. the s1 subunit from spike (s) protein plays the major role in protective immunity and is involved in the host-virus interactions, as well as infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) serotyping. aim of the present study was multi-aspect analysis of the molecular and immunological features of 5' part belonging to the s1 glycoprotein sequence of iranian 793/b ibv strain isolates. this m ... | 2018 | 30280838 |
| detection of newcastle disease, h9n2 avian influenza, and infectious bronchitis viruses in respiratory diseases in backyard chickens in ahvaz, iran, in 2014-2015. | newcastle disease virus (ndv), avian influenza virus (aiv), and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are the most prevalent viral pathogens in the iranian poultry industry. this study aimed to reveal the presence of these viruses in the backyard chickens in ahvaz, located in the southwest of iran. a total of 100 chickens with respiratory signs and mortality were examined by taking the blood samples as well as tracheal and cloacal swabs. most of the chickens had not received any vaccine. the blood s ... | 2018 | 30256035 |
| burden of exposure to infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus, mycoplasma gallisepticum, and intestinal parasites in introduced broiler chickens on the galapagos. | diseases in introduced broilers can possibly spill over to wild birds on the galapagos. knowledge about the current burden of exposure to pathogens in broilers on the galapagos is very limited. the objective of the study reported here was to measure the burden of exposure to infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg), and intestinal parasites in a sample of broiler chickens on 13 farms on santa cruz isla ... | 2018 | 30248128 |
| genetic diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus in china in recent years. | in this study, 213 infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) were isolated from samples collected from 801 flocks suspected to be infected with ibv from january 2016 to december 2017 in china. by using complete nucleotide sequences of s1 gene we determined the phylogeny of these ibv isolates, which in turn allowed us to define six lineages/genotypes, a number of recombinants and a novel variant. the gi-19 lineage was the most frequently isolated type in china in recent years. although scattered mutat ... | 2018 | 30244092 |
| development of a sensitive and specific xmap assay for detection of antibodies against infectious laryngotracheitis and bronchitis viruses. | a serological method to simultaneously detect antibodies against infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is imperative for the differential diagnosis and evaluation of antibodies titers after vaccination. | 2018 | 30241540 |
| genetics, antigenicity and virulence properties of three infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from a single tracheal sample in a chicken with respiratory problems. | three different ibv genotypes/serotypes, designated ck/ch/ldl/150434-i (ldl/150434-i), ck/ch/ldl/150434-ii (ldl/150434-ii) and ck/ch/ldl/150434-iii (ldl/150434-iii), were detected in a single tracheal sample from a chicken showing signs of respiratory disease. the viruses were isolated using a cross-neutralization test and limiting dilution in embryonated specific-pathogen-free (spf) eggs. isolate ldl/150434-i was a re-isolation of h120 vaccine strain that was introduced into the chicken flock b ... | 2018 | 30240807 |
| novel protein chip for the detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis (ib) caused by the ib virus (ibv) can cause acute damage to chickens around the world. therefore, rapid diagnosis and immune status determination are critical for controlling ibv outbreaks. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been widely used in the detection of ibv antibodies in the early infection and continuous infection of ib because they are more sensitive and quicker than other diagnostic methods. | 2018 | 30223836 |
| a self-adjuvanted nanoparticle based vaccine against infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) affects poultry respiratory, renal and reproductive systems. currently the efficacy of available live attenuated or killed vaccines against ibv has been challenged. we designed a novel ibv vaccine alternative using a highly innovative platform called self-assembling protein nanoparticle (sapn). in this vaccine, b cell epitopes derived from the second heptad repeat (hr2) region of ibv spike proteins were repetitively presented in its native trimeric conformation. ... | 2018 | 30216376 |
| molecular identification of avian viruses in neotropic cormorants ( phalacrocorax brasilianus) in chile. | we identified two rna (paramyxovirus and coronavirus) and two dna (adenovirus and herpesvirus) viruses in a common aquatic bird, the neotropic cormorant ( phalacrocorax brasilianus), and determined their phylogenetic relationships to other global circulating variants. we analyzed 104 cloacal swabs from individuals collected at locations in central chile. sequences were obtained from amplicons using consensus primers targeting conserved genes of the virus families paramyxoviridae, coronaviridae, ... | 2019 | 30216128 |
| recombinant infectious bronchitis viruses expressing chimeric spike glycoproteins induce partial protective immunity against homologous challenge despite limited replication in vivo. | vaccination regimes against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which are based on a single virus serotype, often induce insufficient levels of cross-protection against serotypes and two or more antigenically diverse vaccines are used in attempt to provide broader protection. amino acid differences in the surface protein, spike (s), in particular the s1 subunit, are associated with poor cross-protection. here, homologous vaccination trials with recombinant ibvs (ribvs), based on the apathogenic s ... | 2018 | 30209177 |
| oral immunization with a novel attenuated salmonella gallinarum encoding infectious bronchitis virus spike protein induces protective immune responses against fowl typhoid and infectious bronchitis in chickens. | fowl typhoid (ft), a septicemic disease caused by salmonella gallinarum (sg), and infectious bronchitis (ib) are two economically important avian diseases that affect poultry industry worldwide. herein, we exploited a live attenuated sg mutant, jol967, to deliver spike (s) protein 1 of ib virus (v) to elicit protective immunity against both ft and ib in chickens. the codon optimized s1 nucleotide sequence was cloned in-frame into a prokaryotic constitutive expression vector, pjhl65. subsequently ... | 2018 | 30208963 |
| infectious bronchitis virus nonstructural protein 4 alone induces membrane pairing. | positive-strand rna viruses, such as coronaviruses, induce cellular membrane rearrangements during replication to form replication organelles allowing for efficient viral rna synthesis. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a pathogenic avian gammacoronavirus of significant importance to the global poultry industry, has been shown to induce the formation of double membrane vesicles (dmvs), zippered endoplasmic reticulum (zer) and tethered vesicles, known as spherules. these membrane rearrangements ... | 2018 | 30200673 |
| biological and molecular characterization of arkga: a novel arkansas serotype vaccine that is highly attenuated, efficacious, and protective against homologous challenge. | almost all commercial poultry are vaccinated against avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) using live attenuated vaccines mass administered by spray at day of hatch. although many different types of ibv vaccines are used successfully, the arkdpi serotype vaccine, when applied by spray, does not infect and replicate sufficiently to provide protection against homologous challenge. in this study, we examined a different ark vaccine strain (ark99), which is no longer used commercially ... | 2018 | 30197283 |
| chiral zirconium quantum dots: a new class of nanocrystals for optical detection of coronavirus. | a synthetic way of chiral zirconium quantum dots (zr qds) was presented for the first time using l(+)-ascorbic acid acts as a surface as well as chiral ligands. different spectroscopic and microscopic analysis was performed for thorough characterization of zr qds. as-synthesized qds exhibited fluorescence and circular dichroism properties, and the peaks were located at 412 nm and 352 nm, respectively. mtt assay was performed to test the cytotoxicity of the synthesized zr qds against rat brain gl ... | 2018 | 30186985 |
| comparative pathogenicity of malaysian qx-like and variant infectious bronchitis virus strains in chickens at different age of exposure to the viruses. | infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) circulating in malaysia are classified into two groups as malaysian qx-like and variant strains. in this study, the pathogenicity of ibs130/2015 (qx-like) and ibs037a/2014 (variant) ibvs in 1-day-old and 30-day-old specific pathogen free (spf) chickens was characterized. both strains caused respiratory and kidney infections based on immunohistochemistry (ihc), real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) and a ciliostasis study; however, the result ... | 2018 | 30173857 |
| complete genome analysis of iranian is-1494 like avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain is-1494 like (variant-2; gi-23) was first isolated in the middle east (1998). despite intensive vaccinations, is-1494 like ibvs are still circulating in iran (the dominant genotype) and spread to other countries. here, the full-length genome of this iranian is-1494 like ibv was (mahed) determined to understand its evolutionary relationships. the genome consists of 27,652 nucleotides, with mutations in most of the structural genes. thi ... | 2018 | 30159377 |
| serological and molecular surveillance of infectious bronchitis virus infection in free-range chickens and guinea fowls in the ga-east district of ghana. | infectious bronchitis is an economically important disease with worldwide distribution. information is available on the presence of infectious bronchitis virus in commercial chicken in parts of ghana but there is no information on free-range poultry and guinea fowls in the country. possible ibv infections among free-range chickens and guinea fowls in abokobi and frafraha communities in the ga-east district of the greater accra region of ghana were investigated using serology and pcr. blood, trac ... | 2018 | 30159336 |
| s1 gene sequence analysis of new variant isolates of avian infectious bronchitis virus in tunisia. | tissue samples were collected from suspected broiler flocks showing respiratory signs to identify infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), characterize emerging field strains, and study their relationships with the massachusetts h120 strain, the only ib vaccine used in tunisia. | 2012 | 30155432 |
| enhanced pathogenicity of low-pathogenic h9n2 avian influenza virus after vaccination with infectious bronchitis live attenuated vaccine. | in the present study, two experiments were carried out for studying the pathogenicity of h9n2 avian influenza virus (aiv) in broiler chickens after vaccination with different live respiratory viral vaccines. | 2018 | 30147269 |
| otitis and meningoencephalitis associated with infectious coryza ( avibacterium paragallinarum) in commercial broiler chickens. | infectious coryza, caused by avibacterium paragallinarum, is an acute respiratory disease of poultry that can result in substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic losses. in march 2017, the turlock branch of the california animal health and food safety laboratory system encountered an unusual clinical and pathologic presentation of infectious coryza in 6 live, 29-d-old, commercial broiler chickens that were submitted for diagnostic investigation. antemortem evaluation revealed severe neurolo ... | 2018 | 30129392 |
| shell-less egg syndrome (ses) widespread in western canadian layer operations is linked to a massachusetts (mass) type infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolate. | a disease with a sudden drop in egg production and shell-less eggs called, shell-less egg syndrome (ses) has been observed in western canada egg layer flocks since 2010. the etiology of this disease is not known. we hypothesize that ses is caused by an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain since it is known that ibv replicates in the shell gland causing various eggshell abnormalities. in this study, we screened egg layer flocks, in the provinces of alberta (ab) and saskatchewan (sk), with and ... | 2018 | 30126175 |
| molecular characterization of whole genome sequence of infectious bronchitis virus 624i genotype confirms the close relationship with q1 genotype. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotype q1 was detected for the first time in china in 1996, and then spread worldwide. the first report of q1 genotype in italy occurred in 2011 and a deep molecular investigation of a q1 isolated in italy in 2013 has led to speculation regarding the origin of this genotype. phylogenetic analysis of the s1 sequence of a q1 italian strain revealed a close relationship with sequences of the 624i strains circulating in italy in the early 1990s and this led to the ... | 2019 | 30126059 |
| a recombinant newcastle disease virus (ndv) expressing s protein of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) protects chickens against ibv and ndv. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes a highly contagious respiratory, reproductive and urogenital tract disease in chickens worldwide, resulting in substantial economic losses for the poultry industry. currently, live-attenuated ibv vaccines are used to control the disease. however, safety, attenuation and immunization outcomes of current vaccines are not guaranteed. several studies indicate that attenuated ibv vaccine strains contribute to the emergence of variant viruses in the field due t ... | 2018 | 30097608 |
| safety and efficacy of attenuated classic and variant 2 infectious bronchitis virus candidate vaccines. | vaccination programs against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in egypt depend on both classical and/or imported variant ibv strain vaccines. however, many ibv outbreaks associated with respiratory distress, nephropathy, and high mortalities were attributed to the circulation of both classical and new nephropathogenic ibv variant 2 strains. in the present study, we report the development of attenuated ibv candidate vaccines using the classic ibv strains (ibm41 and ib2) and a nephropathogenic str ... | 2018 | 30085298 |
| deletion of accessory genes 3a, 3b, 5a or 5b from avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus induces an attenuated phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infects domestic fowl, resulting in respiratory disease and causing serious losses in unprotected birds. its control is mainly achieved by using live attenuated vaccines. here we explored the possibilities for rationally attenuating ibv to improve our knowledge regarding the function of ibv accessory proteins and for the development of next-generation vaccines with the recently established reverse genetic system for ibv h52 based on targeted rn ... | 2018 | 30067172 |
| immune protection conferred by three commonly used commercial live attenuated vaccines against the prevalent local strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus in southern china. | live attenuated vaccines are critical in the control of avian infectious bronchitis. it is necessary to know the protection conferred by commonly used commercial live vaccines. in this study, specific pathogen-free chicks were vaccinated with the commercial live vaccines h120, 4/91 and ldt3-a. blood samples were collected at weekly intervals for the detection of ibv-specific antibodies and quantification of cd4+ and cd8+ t lymphocytes. at 21 days post-inoculation the vaccinated birds were challe ... | 2018 | 30022779 |
| the s2 subunit of infectious bronchitis virus beaudette is a determinant of cellular tropism. | the spike (s) glycoprotein of the avian gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is comprised of two subunits (s1 and s2), has a role in virulence in vivo, and is responsible for cellular tropism in vitro we have previously demonstrated that replacement of the s glycoprotein ectodomain from the avirulent beaudette strain of ibv with the corresponding region from the virulent m41-ck strain resulted in a recombinant virus, beaur-m41(s), with the in vitro cell tropism of m41-ck. the ibv b ... | 2018 | 30021894 |
| production of recombinant n protein of infectious bronchitis virus using the baculovirus expression system and its assessment as a diagnostic antigen. | the avian coronavirus-infectious bronchitis virus (avcov-ibv) is recognized as an important avian pathogen, and new viral variants are a continuous threat to the poultry industry worldwide. sensitive diagnostics and efficacious vaccines are necessary to combat ibv infections in chickens. the aim of this study was to produce recombinant n protein of ibv in the baculovirus system to use in elisa diagnostic tests in order to enable the assessment of the sero-prevalence and risk of ibv infections in ... | 2019 | 29987628 |
| protection against virulent infectious bronchitis virus challenge conferred by a recombinant baculovirus co-expressing s1 and n proteins. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the causative agent of infectious bronchitis, which results in considerable economic losses. it is imperative to develop safe and efficient candidate vaccines to control ibv infection. in the current study, recombinant baculoviruses co-expressing the s1 and n proteins and mono-expressing s1 or n proteins of the gx-yl5 strain of ibv were constructed and prepared into subunit vaccines rhbm-s1-n, rhbm-s1 and rhbm-n. the levels of immune protection of these ... | 2018 | 29954092 |
| effects of dietary yeast nucleotides supplementation on intestinal barrier function, intestinal microbiota, and humoral immunity in specific pathogen-free chickens. | yeast nucleotides are a fine functional additive in human and animals. the effects of dietary yeast nucleotides supplementation on intestinal development, expression of intestinal barrier-related genes, intestinal microbiota, and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) antibody titer of specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens were investigated. a total of 60 1-d-old chickens were divided into 4 groups, each of which included 3 replicates of 5 chickens. group 1 served as a control that was fed a basal di ... | 2018 | 29945221 |
| identification of novel linear epitopes located in the infectious bronchitis virus spike s2 region. | we identified novel linear epitopes on the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) spike s2 region. the conformational structure of the ibv spike protein was predicted from a homologous protein, human coronavirus nl63 spike. although the obtained structure was incomplete, most of the ibv spike protein structure was predicted; the n-terminus of the s1 region could not be predicted due to its variability. in the model, the region located in the proximity of the fusion peptide appeared to be well conserv ... | 2018 | 29944406 |
| using multinomial and space-time permutation models to understand the epidemiology of infectious bronchitis in california between 2008 and 2012. | although infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has been described as one of the most economically important viral respiratory diseases in poultry, there are few analyses of outbreaks that use spatial statistics. in order to better understand how the different genotypes of ibv behave spatially and temporally, we used geographic information system-based mapping coupled with spatial and spatial-temporal statistics to identify statistically significant clustering of multiple strains of infectious bronch ... | 2018 | 29944405 |
| viral interference between low pathogenic avian influenza h9n2 and avian infectious bronchitis viruses in vitro and in ovo. | low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) h9n2 and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) are important pathogens of poultry, causing important economic losses for the sector. replication interference between these two viruses was described using cell cultures (cc) and embryonated chicken eggs (ece). chicken embryo lung (cel) and ece were simultaneously or sequentially infected with ibv vaccine strain (h120) and lpaiv-h9n2 (a/ck/tun/145/2012) to evaluate viral interactionsin vitro and in ovo, respectivel ... | 2018 | 29940196 |
| seroprevalence and genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis virus detected from iranian unvaccinated backyard chickens. | different epidemiological studies have found that backyard chickens are a reservoir for poultry diseases. most backyard chicken flocks have a poor level of biosecurity, which increases the risk of spread of diseases. in recent years, the number of backyard chickens has been on the rise in iran. however, the health status of backyard flocks is still poorly documented. thus, this study aimed at examining the seroprevalence of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and molecular surve ... | 2018 | 29922421 |
| in vitro phagocytosis of opsonized latex beads by hd11 cells as a method to assess the general opsonization potential of chicken serum. | opsonins, an important arm of the innate immune system, are various soluble proteins, which play a critical role in destruction of invading pathogens directly or via engulfment of pathogens through the intermediate of phagocytosis. the diversity of opsonin profiles is under genetic influence and may be associated with variation in disease resistance. the aim of this study was to set up an assay to determine serum opsonophagocytic potential (opp) for chicken sera by flow cytometry and to evaluate ... | 2018 | 29920114 |
| molecular characteristic and pathogenicity analysis of a virulent recombinant avain infectious bronchitis virus isolated in china. | a virulent infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), designated as ck/ch/gd/qy16 (referred as qy16), was isolated from a diseased chicken farm in guangdong province, china, in 2016. the complete genome of the strain was sequenced and analyzed. the results show that the genome of qy16 consists of 27,670 nucleotides, excluding poly (a) tail, and that its genome organization is 5' utr-1a-1b-s-3a-3b-e-m-4b-4c-5a-5b-n-6b-3' utr-poly (a) tail. sequence comparison among qy16 and other ibv strains was conducte ... | 2018 | 29917155 |
| infectious bronchitis virus gel vaccination: evaluation of mass-like (b-48) and 793/b-like (1/96) vaccine kinetics after combined administration at 1 day of age. | infectious bronchitis (ib) control has a strong impact on poultry farming, because of the necessary epidemiological knowledge for planning the best strategy, the optimal strain association, the priming and boosting interventions. broiler farming is even more problematic given the short and intense productive cycle, which requires an early onset of protection against most of the infectious threats, possibly with limited respiratory post-vaccination reactions that would have a direct impact on the ... | 2018 | 29897603 |
| the adrp domain from a virulent strain of infectious bronchitis virus is not sufficient to confer a pathogenic phenotype to the attenuated beaudette strain. | the replicase gene of the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) encodes 15 non-structural proteins (nsps). nsp 3 is a multi-functional protein containing a conserved adp-ribose-1″-phosphatase (adrp) domain. the crystal structures of the domain from two strains of ibv, m41 (virulent) and beaudette (avirulent), identified a key difference; m41 contains a conserved triple-glycine motif, whilst beaudette contains a glycine-to-serine mutation that is predicted to abolish adrp activity. althou ... | 2018 | 29893665 |
| metagenomic of clinically diseased and healthy broiler affected with respiratory disease complex. | in recent past, the respiratory infection has emerged as a great challenge to the poultry farmers. various pathogens including avian pneumovirus (apv), avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv), avibacterium paragallinarum, ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort), mycoplasma synoviae (ms), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) and avian pathogenic escherichia coli (apec) are involved in the respiratory disease complex in birds [1], [2] (bradbury, 1984 ... | 2018 | 29892620 |
| rapid development and evaluation of a live-attenuated qx-like infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is an acute, highly contagious disease, which causes economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. to control the disease, biosecurity and vaccination are required. in the current research, we rapidly attenuated a qx-like ibv field strain zyy-2014 using passage in embryos at limiting dilution and tested the safety and efficacy of the attenuated chinese qx-like ibv strain zyyr-2014 in 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens through spray route. our result r ... | 2018 | 29891352 |
| preparation and protective efficacy of a chicken embryo kidney cell-attenuation gi-19/qx-like avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease, and hazardous to the poultry industry. immune failure often occurs due to the emergence of new serotypes or field strains antigenically different from the vaccine strains. to prepare a candidate vaccine against the prevalent avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in china, the gi-19/qx-like field isolate sczy3 was selected as the progenitor strain and attenuated via passaging in chicken embryo kidney (cek) cells for 100 times. the ... | 2018 | 29859801 |
| differential innate immune responses induced by classical and variant infectious bronchitis viruses in specific pathogen free chicks. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) continues to cause serious economic losses in global chicken production. concurrent circulation of both classic and variant ibvs have been identified in most parts of the world, raising major challenges to global prevention and control efforts. therefore, immunopathogenesis, particularly early host responses, needs to be better understood for effective control of diseases caused by different strains of ibvs. we investigated differing immunopathogenesis in ... | 2018 | 29751011 |
| field efficacy of an attenuated infectious bronchitis variant 2 virus vaccine in commercial broiler chickens. | egyptian poultry suffer from frequent respiratory disease outbreaks associated with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variant 2 strains (egy/varii). different vaccination programs using imported vaccines have failed to protect the flocks from field challenge. recent studies confirmed a successful protection using homologous strains as live attenuated vaccines. in this study, a newly developed live attenuated ib-var2 vaccine representing the gi-23 middle east ibv lineage was evaluated in day-old ... | 2018 | 29747397 |
| evaluation of full s1 gene sequencing of classical and variant infectious bronchitis viruses extracted from allantoic fluid and fta cards. | sequence variability in the s1 gene determines the genotype of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains. a single rt-pcr assay was developed to amplify and sequence the full s1 gene for six classical and variant ibvs (m41, d274, 793b, is/885/00, is/1494/06 and q1) enriched in allantoic fluid (af) or the same af inoculated onto flinders technology association (fta) cards. representative strains from each genotype were grown in specific-pathogen-free eggs and rna was extracted from af. full s1 ge ... | 2018 | 29712443 |
| mir-146a-5p promotes replication of infectious bronchitis virus by targeting irak2 and tnfrsf18. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a coronavirus which infects chickens (gallus gallus) of all ages and causes significant economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. the present study aims to analyze the mirnas related to pathogenicity of nephropathogenic ibvs. it was found that four mirnas (mir-1454, mir-3538, mir-146a-5p and mir-215-5p) were related to the infection of virulent nephropathogenic ibv with transcript per million (tpm) > 500 and more than a 2-fold alteration. in vi ... | 2018 | 29702211 |
| effects of hypervariable regions in spike protein on pathogenicity, tropism, and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus. | to study the roles of hypervariable regions (hvrs) in receptor-binding subunit s1 of the spike protein, we manipulated the genome of the ibv beaudette strain using a reverse genetics system to construct seven recombinant strains by separately or simultaneously replacing the three hvrs of the beaudette strain with the corresponding fragments from a qx-like nephropathogenic isolate ck/ch/ldl/091022 from china. we characterized the growth properties of these recombinant ibvs in vero cells and embry ... | 2018 | 29684409 |
| inactivated infectious bronchitis virus vaccine encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles induces mucosal immune responses and effective protection against challenge. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the most important viral diseases of poultry. the mucosa of upper respiratory tract, specially the trachea, is the primary replication site for this virus. however, conventional inactivate ibv vaccines usually elicit reduced mucosal immune responses and local protection. thus, an inactivated ibv vaccine containing br-i genotype strain encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (ibv-cs) was produced by ionic gelation method to be administered by oculo ... | 2018 | 29653848 |
| resiquimod enhances mucosal and systemic immunity against avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine in the chicken. | adjuvant enhancing mucosal immune response is preferred in controlling many pathogens at the portal of entry. earlier, we reported that a toll-like-receptor 7 (tlr7) agonist, resiquimod (r-848), stimulated the systemic immunity when adjuvanted with the inactivated newcastle disease virus vaccine in the chicken. here, we report the effect of r-848 when adjuvanted with live or inactivated avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines with special emphasis on mucosal immunity. specific pathogen ... | 2018 | 29635053 |
| emergence of a genotype i variant of avian infectious bronchitis virus from northern part of india. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the foremost causes of a persistent economic burden to poultry industries worldwide. ibv belongs to the genus gammacoronavirus within the family coronaviridae. the ibv infection leads to respiratory and nephrogenic symptoms in broiler chickens. in addition, its infection leads to reduced fertility and hatchability in layer birds. we determined the first complete genome sequence of a variant ibv from an outbreak in haryana state of the northern part of ... | 2018 | 29621536 |
| genetic and pathologic characterization of a novel recombinant tc07-2-type avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) with the tc07-2 genotype have spread rapidly in east asia since they were first reported in china in 2007. in 2015, an ibv with the tc07-2 genotype (designated krd1515) was isolated from layer chickens with severe respiratory symptoms in korea. in the present study, the full-length open reading frames of the spike (s) and nucleocapsid (n) genes of the virus were sequenced and analyzed. s1 gene phylogenetic analysis revealed that the krd1515 virus cluste ... | 2018 | 29620461 |
| comparative evaluation of the pathogenicity of mycoplasma gallinaceum in chickens. | mycoplasma gallinaceum is not among the most pathogenic mycoplasmas affecting poultry, but its continuous re-isolation from flocks in south africa displaying typical signs of mycoplasmosis prompted us to revisit its role in respiratory disease. specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chickens were co-challenged with either m. gallinaceum (mgc) and qx-like infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), or the more virulent mycoplasm gallisepticum (mg) and ibv. no clinical signs were observed apart from sneezing ... | 2018 | 29620458 |
| isolation and characteristics of the arkansas-type infectious bronchitis virus in china. | two infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains, designated as γcov/ck/china/i0712/11 (i0712/11) and γcov/ck/china/i0108/17 (i0108/17), were isolated from diseased chicken flocks in different provinces in china and genotyped as arkansas (ark)-type viruses with three other chinese ark field strains, the jilin vaccine strain, and the american ark- and ark dpi-like viruses. complete genomic sequence analysis and pairwise comparison of nucleotide sequences encoding the s1 subunit of the spike protein ... | 2018 | 29620453 |
| efficacy of h120 and ma5 avian infectious bronchitis vaccines in early challenge against qx strain. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly infectious avian pathogen, which affects the respiratory tract, gut, reproductive system, and kidney of chicks of all ages. many different serotypes of ib virus (ibv) are recognized which cause different clinical manifestations. according to the antigenic differences, different serotypes of the virus do not cross-protect. massachusetts serotype induces the best cross-protection against other serotypes. recently, the ibv qx strain has been detected in iran. ... | 2018 | 29607371 |
| enteric virus diversity examined by molecular methods in brazilian poultry flocks. | enteric viruses play an important role in the brazilian poultry industry due to the economic impact of resulting low yields of broilers, layers, and breeders. the most common enteric viruses affecting commercial flocks in brazil include fowl adenovirus of group i (fadv-i), chicken parvovirus (chpv), chicken astrovirus (castv), avian nephritis virus (anv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian reovirus (areo), and avian rotavirus (artv). the aim of this study was to identify single and multipl ... | 2018 | 29596389 |
| coronavirus infection retards the development of the cortico-medullary capillary network in the bursa of fabricius of chicken. | coronavirus infection delays the development of the cortico-medullary (cm) capillary network which results in retarded development of bursal follicles. the smaller size of the medulla in the coronavirus-infected birds may lead to a lower number of b lymphocytes and bursal secretory dendritic cells, which negatively affects the reactivity and efficacy of the immune system. contrary to the wild-type infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain, infection induced by h120 vaccine virus exerts only a mod ... | 2018 | 29580080 |
| phylodynamic analysis and molecular diversity of the avian infectious bronchitis virus of chickens in brazil. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the etiological agent of a highly contagious disease, which results in severe economic losses to the poultry industry. the spike protein (s1 subunit) is responsible for the molecular diversity of the virus and many sero/genotypes are described around the world. recently a new standardized classification of the ibv molecular diversity was conducted, based on phylogenetic analysis of the s1 gene sequences sampled worldwide. brazil is one of the biggest po ... | 2018 | 29574164 |
| coronavirus s protein-induced fusion is blocked prior to hemifusion by abl kinase inhibitors. | enveloped viruses gain entry into host cells by fusing with cellular membranes, a step that is required for virus replication. coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov), middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), fuse at the plasma membrane or use receptor-mediated endocytosis and fuse with endosomes, depending on the cell or tissue type. the virus spike (s) protein mediates fusion with the host cell ... | 2018 | 29557770 |
| avian coronavirus isolated from a pigeon sample induced clinical disease, tracheal ciliostasis, and a high humoral response in day-old chicks. | the detection of avian coronaviruses (avcov) in wild birds and the emergence of new avcov have increased in the past few years. in the present study, the pathogenicity of three avcov isolates was investigated in day-old chicks. one avcov isolated from a pigeon, which clustered with the massachusetts vaccine serotype, and two avcov isolated from chickens, which grouped with a brazilian genotype lineage, were used. clinical signs, gross lesions, histopathological changes, ciliary activity, viral r ... | 2018 | 29517348 |
| attenuation, safety, and efficacy of a qx-like infectious bronchitis virus serotype vaccine. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which is a considerable economic threat to the poultry industry. qx-like ibv strains have increasingly emerged in china in recent years. hence, development of a specific vaccine to guard against their potential threat is important. in this study, we sought to develop an attenuated vaccine strain. first, attenuated qx-like ibv strain sz130 was created by continuous passage in chicken ... | 2018 | 29496346 |
| successive occurrence of recombinant infectious bronchitis virus strains in restricted area of middle east. | routine molecular diagnostic testing by our laboratory, based on using a primer pair with conservative binding sites on the spike glycoprotein coding sequence, has indicated the recurring of a unique phylogenetic cluster of chicken infectious bronchitis viruses (ibv) in the middle east since 2010. the nearly full-length s1 subunit of the spike gene phylogeny of selected strains, however, split up this grouping, suggesting potential recombination in the s1 gene. in order to clarify this, various ... | 2016 | 29492274 |
| rapid detection and differentiation of avian infectious bronchitis virus: an application of mass genotype by melting temperature analysis in rt-qpcr using sybr green i. | a method based on melting temperature analysis of hypervariable regions (hvr) of s1 gene within a rt-qpcr was developed to detect different genotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and identify the mass genotype. the method was able to rapidly identify the mass genotype among ibv field isolates, vaccine attenuated strains and reference m41 strain in allantoic liquid and also directly in tissues. the rt-qpcr developed detected the virus in both tracheal and pulmonary samples from m41- ... | 2018 | 29491226 |
| assessment of mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine efficacy in a co-infection challenge model with qx-like infectious bronchitis virus. | mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) is the primary cause of chronic respiratory disease in poultry. we investigated the protective efficacy of the live attenuated ts-11 and 6/85 mg vaccines against a local mg strain, and in order to enhance symptoms and mimic a typical field situation, we co-infected birds with a virulent strain of qx-like infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). both vaccines showed similar ability to protect infected chickens from clinical signs, although ts-11 performed slightly better. ... | 2018 | 29451010 |
| induction of innate host responses characterized by production of interleukin (il)-1β and recruitment of macrophages to the respiratory tract of chickens following infection with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection is a major cause of economic losses to the poultry industry. due to limitations in current control measures, alternative approaches, based on thorough understanding of the host responses are required. as one of the key component of the avian immune system, the innate immune system has a crucial role in limiting virus replication at the initial stage of the infection. as parts of the innate host response, macrophages and cytokines, such as interleukin ( ... | 2018 | 29426399 |
| innate antiviral immune response against infectious bronchitis virus and involvement of prostaglandin e2 in the uterine mucosa of laying hens. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is an enveloped rna virus that causes deformities in eggshells. the aim of this study was to investigate the innate immune response to ibv, and to determine whether prostaglandin (pg) e2, which is synthesized during inflammation, is involved in the innate immune response in the uterine mucosa. the effects of intra-oviductal inoculation with attenuated ibv (aibv) on the expression of viral rna recognition receptors and innate antiviral factors were examined by re ... | 2018 | 29407895 |
| a review of eight high-priority, economically important viral pathogens of poultry within the caribbean region. | viral pathogens cause devastating economic losses in poultry industries worldwide. the caribbean region, which boasts some of the highest rates of poultry consumption in the world, is no exception. this review summarizes evidence for the circulation and spread of eight high-priority, economically important poultry viruses across the caribbean region. avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv), avian met ... | 2018 | 29373488 |
| recombinant live attenuated avian coronavirus vaccines with deletions in the accessory genes 3ab and/or 5ab protect against infectious bronchitis in chickens. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a respiratory pathogen of chickens, causing severe economic losses in poultry industry worldwide. live attenuated viruses are widely used in both the broiler and layer industry because of their efficacy and ability to be mass applied. recently, we established a novel reverse genetics system based on targeted rna recombination to manipulate the genome of ibv strain h52. here we explore the possibilities to attenuate ibv in a rational way in o ... | 2018 | 29366709 |
| detection of antibodies to seven priority pathogens in backyard poultry in trinidad, west indies. | backyard poultry farms in trinidad and tobago (t&t) play a vital role in providing food and income for rural communities. there is currently no information on the presence and circulation of pathogens in backyard poultry farms in t&t, and little is known in relation to the potential risks of spread of these pathogens to the commercial poultry sector. in order to address this, serum samples were collected from 41 chickens on five backyard farms taken from selected locations in trinidad. s ... | 2018 | 29361703 |
| disclosing respiratory coinfections: a broad-range panel assay for avian respiratory pathogens on a nanofluidic pcr platform. | respiratory syndromes (rs) are among the most significant pathological conditions in food animals and are caused by complex coactions of pathogens and environmental factors. in poultry, low pathogenic avian influenza a viruses, metapneumoviruses, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, mycoplasma spp. escherichia coli and/or ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort) in turkeys, are considered as key co-infectious agents of respiratory syndromes. aspergillus sp., pasteurella ... | 2018 | 29350071 |
| molecular characterization of qx-like and variant infectious bronchitis virus strains in malaysia based on partial genomic sequences comprising the s-3a/3b-e-m-intergenic region-5a/5b-n gene order. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the major poultry pathogens of global importance. however, the prevalence of ibv strains in malaysia is poorly characterized. the partial genomic sequences (6.8 kb) comprising the s-3a/3b-e-m-intergenic region-5a/5b-n gene order of 11 malaysian ibvs isolated in 2014 and 2015 were sequenced using next-generation sequencing technology. phylogenetic and pairwise sequence comparison analysis showed that the isolated ibvs are divided into two groups. group ... | 2017 | 29337625 |
| efficacy of massachusetts and 793b vaccines against infectious bronchitis moroccan-italy 02 virus in specific-pathogen-free chickens and commercial broilers. | the ability of commercial vaccines h120 and 4/91 to protect against moroccan-italy 02 infectious bronchitis virus (mor-it02) was investigated in specific-pathogen-free (spf) chickens and commercial broiler chickens. commercial broiler chicks (experiment 1) were vaccinated at the hatchery with h120 vaccine at day 1, and challenged at day 21 with 10450% egg-infective dose (eid50) of mor-it02. all chicks were observed daily for clinical signs attributable to mor-it02 infection during the 10 days po ... | 2017 | 29337615 |
| supplementing dietary rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.) powder and vitamin e in broiler chickens: evaluation of humoral immune response, lymphoid organs, and blood proteins. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.) powder (rp) and vitamin e (ve) at different levels on humoral immunity of broilers during a 42-day production cycle. a total of 270 1-day-old male chicks were assigned to nine groups with three replicates of ten birds each, and diets were supplemented with 0, 0.5, or 1.0% rp and 0, 100, or 200 mg/kg ve, respectively. commercial-inactivated vaccines against avian influenza (ai) and newcastle disease (nd) ... | 2018 | 29330815 |
| induction of innate immune response following introduction of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in the trachea and renal tissues of chickens. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious respiratory disease of chickens, which is caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the innate immune response is crucial for antiviral infections and revealing the pathogenic mechanisms of ibv. in this study, we presents an evaluation of interferon (i, ii and iii ifns) in renal and tracheal samples from chickens experimentally infected previously vaccinated or not. the results suggest differential expression of chicken interferon, among t ... | 2018 | 29330060 |
| differential effects of experimental hyperthyroidism on declined immunity of broiler chicken. | thyroid hormones (ths) are involved in the development of lymphoid organs and regulation of immune function in birds. however, their role as an immune-modulator in the hyperthyroid state is still debatable. to explore the interrelationship of thyroxine (t4) and the immune system, chicks were divided into three groups. group i was comprised of control birds, who received the basal diet while group ii and iii were given diets supplemented with 5 μg and 10 μg thyroxine/kg feed, respectively, from 1 ... | 2018 | 29327786 |
| mitochondrial bioenergy alterations in avian hd11 macrophages infected with infectious bronchitis virus. | to establish an association between mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis following infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection, hd11 avian macrophage cells were infected with the massachusetts 41 (m41) strain. our results show that the m41 strain of ibv induced cytopathic effects followed by the release of new viral particles. elevated numbers of apoptotic cells were observed at 24, 48 and 72 h post-infection (p.i.). viral infection was associated with mitochondrial membrane depolarization an ... | 2018 | 29302792 |
| pathogenicity differences between qx-like and mass-type infectious bronchitis viruses. | infectious bronchitis is a highly contagious, acute viral respiratory disease of chickens, caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). in recent years, the isolation rate of qx-like ibv has increased in the world. to clarify this phenomenon and better understand the pathogenicity of qx-like ibv, we examined differences in pathogenicity between two ibv strains, sd and m41, which belong to qx-like and mass-type ibv, respectively. sd strain was more virulent in 3-week-old specific-pathogen-free ch ... | 2018 | 29291996 |
| genotyping and phylogenetic analysis of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from broiler chickens in kashmir. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is responsible for significant economic losses to the poultry industry across the world. the enormous genetic diversity of ibv poses difficulty in diagnosing and controlling the virus. to understand the nature of ibv prevalent in the kashmir himalayas, we characterized two field strains, isolated from non-immunized broiler chickens, by sequence and phylogenetic analysis of s1 subunit of the spike glycoprotein. the analysis revealed both the isolates are identica ... | 2017 | 29291237 |
| serological evidence for eight globally important poultry viruses in trinidad & tobago. | viruses affecting poultry cause significant levels of disease leading to severe economic losses among poultry farmers worldwide. the americas region continues to be vulnerable to the spread of poultry viruses across the continents and caribbean island chains. in trinidad and tobago (t&t) there is limited information on the viruses circulating in poultry. many flock are vulnerable to infection and there are occasional outbreaks of disease resulting in high levels of morbidity and mortality. this ... | 2018 | 29290303 |
| avian metapneumovirus circulation in italian broiler farms. | with increasing frequency, avian metapneumovirus (ampv) is reported to induce respiratory signs in chickens. an adequate knowledge of current ampv prevalence among italian broilers is lacking, with little information available on its economical and health impact on the poultry industry. in order to collect preliminary data on the epidemiological context of ampv in broiler flocks, a survey was performed in areas of northern italy with high poultry density from 2014 to 2016. upper respiratory trac ... | 2018 | 29253264 |
| activation of the c-jun nh2-terminal kinase pathway by coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus promotes apoptosis independently of c-jun. | mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) are conserved protein kinases that regulate a variety of important cellular signaling pathways. among them, c-jun n-terminal kinases (jnk) are known to be activated by various environmental stresses including virus infections. previously, activation of the jnk pathway has been detected in cells infected with several coronaviruses. however, detailed characterization of the pathway as well as its implication in host-virus interactions has not been fully in ... | 2017 | 29238080 |
| a multiplex real-time rt-pcr for simultaneous detection of four most common avian respiratory viruses. | a one-step multiplex real-time reverse transcription-pcr (rrt-pcr) assay was developed for simultaneous detection and quantification of four avian respiratory viruses: avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv) and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). in comparison with the singleplex rrt-pcr, the specificity, the sensitivity and the reproducibility of the new assay were evaluated and validated using 70 clinical samples. the optimal cutoff ... | 2018 | 29223788 |
| comparative transcriptome analysis reveals induction of apoptosis in chicken kidney cells associated with the virulence of nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) that causes respiratory and nephritic diseases in chicken is a major poultry pathogen leading to serious economic loss worldwide. the nephropathogenic ibv strains cause nephritis and kidney lesions intrinsically and the pathogenic mechanism is still unclear. in the present study, spf chicks were infected with three nephropathogenic ibvs of different virulence and their gene expression profiles in chicken kidney were compared at transcriptome level. as a re ... | 2017 | 29174688 |
| astragalus polysaccharides inhibit avian infectious bronchitis virus infection by regulating viral replication. | the avian coronavirus causes infectious bronchitis (ib), which is one of the most serious diseases affecting the avian industry worldwide. however, there are no effective strategies for controlling the ib virus (ibv) at present. therefore, development of novel antiviral treatment strategies is urgently required. as reported, astragalus polysaccharides (aps) have potential antiviral effects against several viruses; however, the antiviral effect of aps against ibv remains unclear. in this study, w ... | 2017 | 29170045 |
| differentiation of infectious bronchitis virus vaccine strains ma5 and 4/91 by taqman real-time pcr. | the aim of this study was to develop rapid molecular assays for differentiating vaccine strains ma5 and 4/91 of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). specific primers and probes for s1 and n genes were designed based on the nucleotide sequences of both vaccine strains. cross-reactivity was not observed. assay sensitivity was 2.373 × 103 copies of the ma5 strain, and 3.852 x 103 copies of the 4/91 strain. samples belonging to a known genotype demonstrated that the designed assays supported rapid ... | 2017 | 29166280 |
| characterization of the complete genome, antigenicity, pathogenicity, tissue tropism, and shedding of a recombinant avian infectious bronchitis virus with a ck/ch/ljl/140901-like backbone and an s2 fragment from a 4/91-like virus. | in this study, we isolated an infectious bronchitis virus, designated i1101/16, from broiler breeders in china. analysis of the s1 gene showed that isolate i1101/16 was genetically close to strain ck/ch/ljl/140901, which belongs to the tw i genotype (also known as lineage gi-7 based on the recent ibv classification), however the s2 gene showed genetic diversity comparing to that of s1 gene. comparison of the genomic sequences showed that the genome of isolate i1101/16 was similar to that of stra ... | 2018 | 29141204 |
| avian infectious bronchitis virus disrupts the melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (mda5) signaling pathway by cleavage of the adaptor protein mavs. | melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (mda5) and retinoic acid-inducible gene-i (rig-i) selectively sense cytoplasmic viral rna to induce an antiviral immune response. infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the most important infectious agents in chickens, and in chicken cells, it can be recognized by mda5 to activate interferon production. rig-i is considered to be absent in chickens. however, the absence of rig-i in chickens raises the question of whether this protein influences the ... | 2017 | 29132350 |
| evaluation of the genetic variability found in brazilian commercial vaccines for infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is currently one of the most important pathogens in the poultry industry. the h120 and ma5 are the only viral strains approved by the brazilian government as the constituent of vaccines. despite the systematic vaccination in brazil, ibv has not yet been controlled and diseases associated with this virus have been reported in vaccinated chickens. here, we investigated the genetic variability of h120 and ma5 strains present in the ibv vaccines from different brazi ... | 2017 | 29128885 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel strain of infectious bronchitis virus, isolated from chickens in china in 2016. | an avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was detected from trachea swabs of chickens in hubei province, china, in 2016. the complete genome of the ibv strain, ck/ch/hb/2016, was characterized and analyzed to better understand ibv epidemiology in china. | 2017 | 29122882 |
| development and evaluation of novel recombinant adenovirus-based vaccine candidates for infectious bronchitis virus and mycoplasma gallisepticum in chickens. | avian infectious bronchitis caused by the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and mycoplasmosis caused by mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) are two major respiratory diseases in chickens that have resulted in severe economic losses in the poultry industry. we constructed a recombinant adenovirus that simultaneously expresses the s1 spike glycoprotein of ibv and the tm-1 protein of mg (pbh-s1-tm-1-egfp). for comparison, we constructed two recombinant adenoviruses (pbh-s1-egfp and pbh-tm-1-egfp) that e ... | 2018 | 29115156 |
| molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from broiler flocks in bushehr province, iran: 2014 - 2015. | the aim of this study was to provide information on the molecular characteristic and the phylogenic relationship of infectious bronchitis viruses (ibv) strains in bushehr province in comparison to other strains reported in the middle east. samples were collected from broiler flocks in bushehr province during 2014 - 2015. these flocks had respiratory problems such as gasping, sneezing and bronchial rales. a number of 135 tracheal swabs were taken from fifteen flocks (nine swabs per flock). each t ... | 2017 | 29085606 |