Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| supplementing non-target taxa: bird feeding alters the local distribution of mammals. | although the effects of bird feeding on avian species have been extensively examined, few studies evaluate the indirect effects of bird feeding on non-target taxa. bird seed could provide direct nourishment to several mammalian species (e.g., lagomorpha, rodentia, and cetartiodactyla), potentially altering their distribution and behavior with possible unintended consequences for some avian populations, particularly those not directly benefiting from the resource. to examine how bird feeders may ... | 2018 | 29509299 |
| evidence of two cocirculating canine distemper virus strains in mesocarnivores from northern colorado. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is a highly contagious pathogen that principally infects wildlife and domestic carnivores. peridomestic species such as raccoons ( procyon lotor) experience outbreaks with high mortality. clinical signs of infection include anorexia, fever, respiratory infection, and neurologic complications. although not zoonotic, cdv poses a high risk to unvaccinated domestic animals and the conservation of endangered species. during 2013-2016, we opportunistically collected wild a ... | 2018 | 29498900 |
| trypanosoma cruzi transmission among captive nonhuman primates, wildlife, and vectors. | natural infection of captive nonhuman primates (nhps) with trypanosoma cruzi (agent of chagas disease) is an increasingly recognized problem in facilities across the southern usa, with negative consequences for nhp health and biomedical research. we explored a central texas nhp facility as a nidus of transmission by characterizing parasite discrete typing units (dtu) in seropositive rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta), identifying the wildlife reservoirs, and characterizing vector infection. in ser ... | 2018 | 29497880 |
| impact of anthropogenic pressure on the formation of population structure and genetic diversity of raccoon dog nyctereutes procyonoides. | the raccoon dog nyctereutes procyonoides experienced an active introduction and acclimatization in the european part of russia followed by its migration to and colonization in the neighboring countries. eventually, it has spread rapidly into many european countries. n. procyonoides probably invaded lithuania from the neighboring countries of belarus and latvia where the species was introduced. however, the data on genetic diversity and population structure of the raccoon dogs in the recently inv ... | 2016 | 29491930 |
| [the jaguar panthera onca (carnivora: felidae) in “el cielo” biosphere reserve, tamaulipas, mexico]. | information on the ecology of jaguars (panthera onca) in “el cielo” biosphere reserve in tamaulipas, mexico is scant and limited to anecdotic records in a handful of publications. the objectives of our study were to: a) determine population density and structure of jaguars, b) compare their activity patterns with that of pumas (puma concolor), c) ascertain potential prey relative abundance, and d) evaluate local resident’s perception on loss of domestic animals due to jaguar predation. between a ... | 2016 | 29465909 |
| molecular detection of anaplasma, bartonella, and borrelia theileri in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in korea. | anaplasmosis, cat-scratch disease, and lyme disease are emerging vector-borne infectious diseases in korea. although the prevalence of vector-borne pathogens (vbps) in domestic animals and vector arthropods has been documented, there is limited information on the presence of vbps in wild animals. the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides), a wild canid found in east asia and europe, represents a potential wildlife reservoir for zoonotic diseases. to investigate the prevalence of vbps in raccoon ... | 2018 | 29436346 |
| proteome-wide comparison between the amino acid composition of domains and linkers. | amino acid composition is a sequence feature that has been extensively used to characterize proteomes of many species and protein families. yet the analysis of amino acid composition of protein domains and the linkers connecting them has received less attention. here, we perform both a comprehensive full-proteome amino acid composition analysis and a similar analysis focusing on domains and linkers, to uncover domain- or linker-specific differential amino acid usage patterns. | 2018 | 29426365 |
| a comparison of food habits between japanese marten and raccoon dog in western tokyo with reference to fruit use. | we studied the food habits of the japanese marten (martes melampus) and the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procionoides) at the tama forest science garden, western tokyo, japan by fecal analysis in 2014/15. martens were dependent on fruits throughout the year and showed less marked seasonal changes. raccoon dogs were less dependent on fruits than martens were, and more dependent on mammals in spring, insects in summer and winter, and seeds throughout the year. martens fed on more fruits containing tin ... | 2018 | 29417891 |
| introduction and establishment of raccoon rabies on islands: jekyll island, georgia as a case study. | the introduction of rabies virus (rabv) to barrier islands, which are often popular tourist destinations with resource-rich habitats and connectivity and proximity to the mainland, is especially concerning because it can easily become endemic due to factors like dense rabies-vector populations (e.g., raccoons [ procyon lotor]), high inter- and intraspecies contact rates, and anthropogenic activities such as supplemental feeding of feral cats ( felis catus). in january 2013, a neurologic raccoon ... | 2018 | 29369728 |
| baylisascaris procyonis exposure case study. | we report a case of exposure to raccoon feces found to be contaminated with baylisascaris procyonis. the exposure was recognized early enough by the family to allow prophylaxis with albendazole. because of the potential fatal or neurologically catastrophic effects of this disease immediate treatment is indicated. this is started in advance of environmental studies that are done to determine if the feces is indeed contaminated. | 2018 | 29368826 |
| epizootic of sarcoptic mange in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in relation to population density. | to examine outbreaks of mange in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) with respect to population density, we analyzed camera trap videos, and isolated mites from raccoon dog carcasses. in a camera trapping survey, we categorized the skin condition of raccoon dogs, and used a number of independent videos to calculate the relative abundance index (rai). the rai of raccoon dogs with alopecia increased following an increase in the rai of those without alopecia. among 27 raccoon dog carcasses, 12 ... | 2018 | 29353863 |
| a novel double-antigen sandwich elisa for the species-independent detection of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever virus-specific antibodies. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne disease in humans caused by the cchf virus (cchfv). the detection of anti-cchfv antibodies in animals is used to reveal infection risk areas. therefore a simple, quick and reliable multispecies assay for the detection of cchfv-specific antibodies is needed. this work presents the development and validation of a novel cchf double-antigen elisa for the detection of anti-cchfv nucleoprotein antibodies. the test requires 30 μl of serum, and resu ... | 2018 | 29330092 |
| an assessment of shedding with the oral rabies virus vaccine strain spbn gasgas in target and non-target species. | a safety requirement for live vaccines is investigating possible shedding in recipients since the presence of replication competent vaccine in secretions could result in direct and indirect horizontal transmission. this is especially relevant for oral rabies vaccine baits that are deliberately distributed into the environment. in the current study, survival of an oral rabies virus vaccine, spbn gasgas, was examined in excretions from different target and non-target species; red fox, raccoon dog, ... | 2018 | 29325820 |
| dogs have the most neurons, though not the largest brain: trade-off between body mass and number of neurons in the cerebral cortex of large carnivoran species. | carnivorans are a diverse group of mammals that includes carnivorous, omnivorous and herbivorous, domesticated and wild species, with a large range of brain sizes. carnivory is one of several factors expected to be cognitively demanding for carnivorans due to a requirement to outsmart larger prey. on the other hand, large carnivoran species have high hunting costs and unreliable feeding patterns, which, given the high metabolic cost of brain neurons, might put them at risk of metabolic constrain ... | 2017 | 29311850 |
| canine distemper in a vaccinated snow leopard ( panthera uncia). | a 6-yr-old male snow leopard ( panthera uncia) presented with acute seizures, hyperthermia, and tachypnea. because of a diagnosis of anuric renal failure, the animal was euthanized. on histopathologic examination, numerous intralesional intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions were found in the lungs, lymph nodes, and stomach. positive immunohistochemical staining for canine distemper virus (cdv) was found in the lungs and, to a lesser extent, in the lymph nodes and brain. molecular testing ... | 2017 | 29297812 |
| comparison of reverse-transcription real-time pcr and immunohistochemistry for the detection of canine distemper virus infection in raccoons in ontario, canada. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is a widespread morbillivirus that causes subclinical to fatal infections in domestic and wild carnivores. raccoons ( procyon lotor) are cdv reservoirs and suffer from associated disease. aspects of pathogenesis may lead to difficulty in the interpretation of commonly used testing modalities, such as reverse-transcription real-time (rt-rt)pcr and immunohistochemistry (ihc). the reliance upon such tests is greater for wildlife, which are often submitted as carcasses w ... | 2018 | 29284384 |
| trichinella spp. biomass has increased in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) and red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in estonia. | raccoon dogs and red foxes are well-adapted hosts for trichinella spp. the aims of this study were to estimate trichinella infection prevalence and biomass and to investigate which trichinella species circulated in these indicator hosts in estonia. | 2017 | 29246168 |
| trypanosoma cruzi strain tciv infects raccoons from illinois. | the northern limits of trypanosoma cruzi across the territory of the united states remain unknown. the known vectors triatoma sanguisuga and t. lecticularia find their northernmost limits in illinois; yet, earlier screenings of those insects did not reveal the presence of the pathogen, which has not been reported in vectors or reservoir hosts in this state. | 2018 | 29211106 |
| development of a simultaneous identification method for 13 animal species using two multiplex real-time pcr assays and melting curve analysis. | we developed a simple and rapid method for animal species identification in the forensic science field based on mitochondrial dna using two multiplex real-time pcrs and analysis of the resultant sybr green i melting curves. this method was designed to identify nine domestic animals simultaneously (dog, cat, rabbit, cattle, pig, chicken, goat, sheep and horse) and four wild animals (deer, raccoon-dog, monkey and bear) by comparing the different melting temperatures of the amplicons produced from ... | 2018 | 29197713 |
| molecular detection and genetic characterizations of cryptosporidium spp. in farmed foxes, minks, and raccoon dogs in northeastern china. | cryptosporidium spp. are common intestinal protozoa causing diarrhea in humans and a variety of animal species. with the recent development of fur industry, a large number of fur animals are farmed worldwide, especially in china. the existence of identical cryptosporidium species/genotypes in humans and fur animals suggests zoonotic potential. in order to assess the presence of zoonotic cryptosporidium species and/or genotypes in farmed fur animals, 367 fecal specimens were collected from 213 fo ... | 2018 | 29177580 |
| population sensitivities of animals to chronic ionizing radiation-model predictions from mice to elephant. | model predictions of population response to chronic ionizing radiation (endpoint 'morbidity') were made for 11 species of warm-blooded animals, differing in body mass and lifespan - from mice to elephant. predictions were made also for 3 bird species (duck, pigeon, and house sparrow). calculations were based on analytical solutions of the mathematical model, simulating a population response to low-let ionizing radiation in an ecosystem with a limiting resource (sazykina, kryshev, 2016). model pa ... | 2018 | 29157914 |
| raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris procyonis) as an occupational hazard: 1. knowledge of b. procyonis and attitudes towards it and other zoonoses among wildlife rehabilitators. | wildlife rehabilitators are at risk of zoonotic diseases because they often have prolonged contact with many species of wildlife and their bodily fluids. raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris procyonis) is a common zoonotic parasite of raccoons that has the potential to cause severe or fatal neurologic disease in a broad variety of hosts if the eggs within raccoon faeces are ingested. we administered an online survey to wildlife rehabilitators to assess their knowledge regarding aspects of transmissi ... | 2018 | 29124901 |
| the influence of periodic increases of human activity on crepuscular and nocturnal mammals: testing the weekend effect. | human recreation can negatively affect wildlife, particularly on weekends when human activity is highest (i.e., the weekend effect). much of what we understand about the weekend effect is based on research conducted on diurnal species, which have greater temporal overlap with humans. because nocturnal species generally avoid times when humans are active, they are likely less affected by anthropogenic activity on weekends. our objective was to test the weekend effect in relation to the degree of ... | 2018 | 29122640 |
| distribution and host associations of ixodid ticks collected from wildlife in florida, usa. | a tick survey was conducted to document tick-host associations with florida (usa) wildlife, and to determine the relative abundance and distribution of ixodid ticks throughout the state. the survey was conducted using collection kits distributed to licensed florida hunters as well as the examination of archived specimens from ongoing state wildlife research programs. collected tick samples were obtained from 66% of florida counties and were collected from nine wildlife hosts, including black bea ... | 2017 | 29110170 |
| toward an ecological framework for assessing reservoirs of vector-borne pathogens: wildlife reservoirs of trypanosoma cruzi across the southern united states. | wildlife species are critical for both feeding vectors and serving as reservoirs of zoonotic vector-borne pathogens. transmission pathways leading to disease in humans or other target taxa might be better understood and managed given a complete understanding of the relative importance of different reservoir species in nature. using the conceptual framework of "reservoir potential," which considers elements of both reservoir competence and vector-host contact, we review the wildlife reservoirs of ... | 2017 | 29106561 |
| similar yet different: co-analysis of the genetic diversity and structure of an invasive nematode parasite and its invasive mammalian host. | animal parasitic nematodes can cause serious diseases and their emergence in new areas can be an issue of major concern for biodiversity conservation and human health. their ability to adapt to new environments and hosts is likely to be affected by their degree of genetic diversity, with gene flow between distinct populations counteracting genetic drift and increasing effective population size. the raccoon roundworm (baylisascaris procyonis), a gastrointestinal parasite of the raccoon (procyon l ... | 2018 | 29102623 |
| atypical fatal sarcocystosis associated with sarcocystis neurona in a white-nosed coati (nasua narica molaris). | the protozoan parasite sarcocystis neurona is an important cause of disease in horses (equine protozoal myeloencephalitis, epm) and marine mammals. isolated reports of clinical epm-like disease have been documented in a zebra, raccoon, domestic cat, domestic dog, ferret, skunk, mink, lynx, red panda and fisher. the predominant disease is encephalomyelitis associated with schizonts in neural tissues. here, we report highly disseminated sarcocystosis, in many tissues of a captive white-nosed coati ... | 2017 | 29080770 |
| testing the sarcocystis neurona vaccine using an equine protozoal myeloencephalitis challenge model. | equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (epm) is an important equine neurologic disorder, and treatments for the disease are often unrewarding. prevention of the disease is the most important aspect for epm, and a killed vaccine was previously developed for just that purpose. evaluation of the vaccine had been hampered by lack of post vaccination challenge. the purpose of this study was to determine if the vaccine could prevent development of clinical signs after challenge with sarcocystis neurona sp ... | 2017 | 29080762 |
| toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence and genotype diversity in select wildlife species from the southeastern united states. | toxoplasma gondii is a widespread protozoan parasite that infects humans and other animals. previous studies indicate some genotypes of t. gondii are more frequently isolated in wildlife than agricultural animals, suggesting a wild/feral animal diversity model. to determine seroprevalence and genetic diversity of t. gondii in southeastern us wildlife, we collected sera from 471 wild animals, including 453 mammals and 18 birds, between 2011 and 2014. these serum samples were assayed for t. gondii ... | 2017 | 29061166 |
| efficacy of the oral rabies virus vaccine strain spbn gasgas in foxes and raccoon dogs. | to test the immunogenicity and efficacy of a new oral rabies virus vaccine strain spbn gasgas in wildlife target species, one group of foxes and two groups of raccoon dogs were offered a bait containing 1.7 ml of the vaccine (106.6 ffu/ml; 106.8 ffu/dose) and subsequently challenged approximately 180 days later with a fox rabies virus isolate. one group of raccoon dogs (n=30) received the same challenge dose (100.7 micld50/ml) as the red foxes (n=29). the other group with raccoon dogs (n=28) tog ... | 2017 | 29042202 |
| a descriptive analysis of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis data: 2013, ontario, canada. | by 2013, the number of confirmed rabid animals in ontario had decreased to unprecedented low numbers, yet the expected decrease in the number of courses of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (rpep) administered did not occur consistent with the decrease in animal rabies cases (figure ). this prompted a review of the reasons that rpep was administered in ontario. this study provides a descriptive analysis of the exposure incidents resulting in rpep administration in ontario during 2013 using data o ... | 2018 | 29027355 |
| mammal decline, linked to invasive burmese python, shifts host use of vector mosquito towards reservoir hosts of a zoonotic disease. | invasive apex predators have profound impacts on natural communities, yet the consequences of these impacts on the transmission of zoonotic pathogens are unexplored. collapse of large- and medium-sized mammal populations in the florida everglades has been linked to the invasive burmese python, python bivittatus kuhl. we used historic and current data to investigate potential impacts of these community effects on contact between the reservoir hosts (certain rodents) and vectors of everglades viru ... | 2017 | 28978755 |
| protection of bats (eptesicus fuscus) against rabies following topical or oronasal exposure to a recombinant raccoon poxvirus vaccine. | rabies is an ancient neglected tropical disease that causes tens of thousands of human deaths and millions of cattle deaths annually. in order to develop a new vaccine for potential use in bats, a reservoir of rabies infection for humans and animals alike, an in silico antigen designer tool was used to create a mosaic glycoprotein (mog) gene using available sequences from the rabies phylogroup i glycoprotein. this sequence, which represents strains more likely to occur in bats, was cloned into r ... | 2017 | 28976983 |
| small sarcocysts can be a feature of experimental infections with sarcocystis neurona merozoites. | several reports indicate the presence of small tissue cysts associated with sarcocystis neurona infections. several failed attempts to develop tissue cysts in potential intermediate host using in vitro derived parasites originally isolated from horses with equine protozoal myeloencephalitis suggest that the experimental methods to achieve bradyzoites with those isolates was not possible. those prior studies reported the lack of detectable sarcocysts based on histology and in vivo feeding trials. ... | 2017 | 28969829 |
| adaptation of the aesop's fable paradigm for use with raccoons (procyon lotor): considerations for future application in non-avian and non-primate species. | to gain a better understanding of the evolution of animal cognition, it is necessary to test and compare the cognitive abilities of a broad array of taxa. meaningful inter-species comparisons are best achieved by employing universal paradigms that standardize testing among species. many cognitive paradigms, however, have been tested in only a few taxa, mostly birds and primates. one such example, known as the aesop's fable paradigm, is designed to assess causal understanding in animals using wat ... | 2017 | 28963599 |
| epidemiology and molecular characterization of protoparvoviruses infecting wild raccoons (procyon lotor) in british columbia, canada. | feline panleukopenia virus (fpv) and canine parvovirus 2 (cpv-2) belong to the species carnivore protoparvovirus 1. while fpv has been endemic in cats for many years, cpv-2 emerged at the end of the 1970s and 3 antigenic variants (cpv-2a, b and c) are currently circulating in domestic and wild animals. although raccoons played a fundamental role in the emergence of cpv-2a in dogs, knowledge about protoparvoviruses in these animals is still limited. we investigated 72 raccoons found dead or injur ... | 2017 | 28947335 |
| oral vaccination of wildlife using a vaccinia-rabies-glycoprotein recombinant virus vaccine (raboral v-rg®): a global review. | raboral v-rg® is an oral rabies vaccine bait that contains an attenuated ("modified-live") recombinant vaccinia virus vector vaccine expressing the rabies virus glycoprotein gene (v-rg). approximately 250 million doses have been distributed globally since 1987 without any reports of adverse reactions in wildlife or domestic animals since the first licensed recombinant oral rabies vaccine (orv) was released into the environment to immunize wildlife populations against rabies. v-rg is genetically ... | 2017 | 28938920 |
| prevalence of pentatrichomonas hominis infections in six farmed wildlife species in jilin, china. | pentatrichomonas hominis is an anaerobic flagellated protozoan that primarily parasitizes the gastrointestinal tract and is a conditional pathogen. it has an extensive host range and is well known as a potential causative agent of zoonotic disease. the objective of this study was to provide the first findings of the prevalence of p. hominis in six farmed wildlife species, sika deer (s.d.), rex rabbits (r.r.), blue foxes (b.f.), silver foxes (s.f.), raccoon dogs (r.d.) and minks (m.), that are co ... | 2017 | 28917308 |
| potential reservoir and associated factors for west nile virus in three distinct climatological zones. | west nile virus (wnv) is a zoonotic single-strand rna arbovirus (family flaviviridae: flavivirus), transmitted among avian hosts in enzootic cycles by a mosquito vector. the virus has a significant disease effect on humans and equines when it bridges into a cycle with various sequelae with epidemic potential. this study was carried out to identify the potential spectrum of wnv hosts in three geographic areas with climatologically distinct features: malaysia, qatar, and the united states of ameri ... | 2017 | 28873035 |
| atlantic-camtraps: a dataset of medium and large terrestrial mammal communities in the atlantic forest of south america. | our understanding of mammal ecology has always been hindered by the difficulties of observing species in closed tropical forests. camera trapping has become a major advance for monitoring terrestrial mammals in biodiversity rich ecosystems. here we compiled one of the largest datasets of inventories of terrestrial mammal communities for the neotropical region based on camera trapping studies. the dataset comprises 170 surveys of medium to large terrestrial mammals using camera traps conducted in ... | 2017 | 28857166 |
| subtype analysis of zoonotic pathogen cryptosporidium skunk genotype. | cryptosporidium skunk genotype is a zoonotic pathogen commonly identified in surface water. thus far, no subtyping tool exists for characterizing its transmission in humans and animals and transport in environment. in this study, a subtyping tool based on the 60kda glycoprotein (gp60) gene previously developed for cryptosporidium chipmunk genotype i was used in the characterization of cryptosporidium skunk genotype in animal and storm runoff samples from a watershed in new york. altogether, 17 p ... | 2017 | 28843545 |
| processes underlying rabies virus incursions across us-canada border as revealed by whole-genome phylogeography. | disease control programs aim to constrain and reduce the spread of infection. human disease interventions such as wildlife vaccination play a major role in determining the limits of a pathogen's spatial distribution. over the past few decades, a raccoon-specific variant of rabies virus (rrv) has invaded large areas of eastern north america. although expansion into canada has been largely prevented through vaccination along the us border, several outbreaks have occurred in canada. applying phylog ... | 2017 | 28820138 |
| severe impact of sarcoptic mange on the movements and space use for one of its most important vector species, the raccoon dog. | sarcoptic mange is a highly contagious zoonotic skin disease that can have severe effect on population dynamics of many wild mammals. however, very little is known about its effect on the activity and space use of infected animals. in this study we equipped two raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in a mange outbreak area with radio-collars and observed the spatial and temporal effects of sarcoptic mange to these individuals. initially, the raccoon dogs had no external symptoms of mange infec ... | 2017 | 28807313 |
| atrial septal defect in a korean wild raccoon dog. | an approximately two-year-old, male 6.1 kg body weight, korean wild raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis) was captured by the wildlife medical rescue center of kangwon national university. upon physical examination, the heart rate was 87 beats per min and there were no clinical signs. the hematological, and blood biochemical profiles revealed no remarkable findings; however, thoracic radiographs showed cardiac enlargement, especially in the right atrium. on electrocardiogram, sinus no ... | 2017 | 28804099 |
| intraspecies and interspecies transmission of mink h9n2 influenza virus. | h9n2 influenza a virus (iav) causes low pathogenic respiratory disease and infects a wide range of hosts. in this study, six iavs were isolated from mink and identified as h9n2 iav. sequence analysis revealed that the six isolates continued to evolve, and their pb2 genes shared high nucleotide sequence identity with h7n9 iav. the six isolates contained an amino acid motif psrssr↓gl at the hemagglutinin cleavage site, which is a characteristic of low pathogenic influenza viruses. a serosurvey dem ... | 2017 | 28785024 |
| mass vaccination has led to the elimination of rabies since 2014 in south korea. | rabies is one of the most fatal diseases, but it is 100% preventable in animals by vaccination. in this study, we present the epidemiological features of, and national preventive measures against, rabies in korea. | 2017 | 28775975 |
| predicting spatial spread of rabies in skunk populations using surveillance data reported by the public. | prevention and control of wildlife disease invasions relies on the ability to predict spatio-temporal dynamics and understand the role of factors driving spread rates, such as seasonality and transmission distance. passive disease surveillance (i.e., case reports by public) is a common method of monitoring emergence of wildlife diseases, but can be challenging to interpret due to spatial biases and limitations in data quantity and quality. | 2017 | 28759576 |
| introduced rats and an endemic roundworm: does rattus rattus contribute to baylisascaris procyonis transmission in california? | the introduced black rat, rattus rattus, occurs throughout the native range of the raccoon roundworm, baylisascaris procyonis, and might incorporate into its life cycle if rats consume parasite eggs, acquire viable infections, and are eaten by raccoons. although rats forage at raccoon latrines, their role in b. procyonis transmission remains unknown. here i tested the potential for rats to amplify b. procyonis transmission in california by surveying wild rodents for b. procyonis and conducting s ... | 2017 | 28732456 |
| simulation of targeted pollutant-mitigation-strategies to reduce nitrate and sediment hotspots in agricultural watershed. | about 50% of u.s. water pollution problems are caused by non-point source (nps) pollution, primarily sediment and nutrients from agricultural areas, despite the widespread implementation of agricultural best management practices (bmps). however, the effectiveness of implementation strategies and type of bmps at watershed scale are still not well understood. in this study, the soil and water assessment tool (swat) ecohydrological model was used to assess the effectiveness of pollutant mitigation ... | 2017 | 28732398 |
| seroprevalence of baylisascaris procyonis infection among humans, santa barbara county, california, usa, 2014-2016. | baylisascaris procyonis (raccoon roundworm) infection is common in raccoons and can cause devastating pathology in other animals, including humans. limited information is available on the frequency of asymptomatic human infection. we tested 150 adults from california, usa, for b. procyonis antibodies; 11 were seropositive, suggesting that subclinical infection does occur. | 2017 | 28726612 |
| new definitive hosts and differential body indices of isthmiophora hortensis (digenea: echinostomatidae). | the present study was performed to record new definitive hosts of isthmiophora hortensis, and to describe morphological characteristics derived from a variety of worm samples for clarification of its taxonomic validity. morphological characteristics with dimensions were observed in worm samples (n=21) from naturally infected wild animals, including a raccoon dog nyctereutes procyonoides from gimhae-si (city), gyeongsangnam-do, stray cats and a striped field mouse from several localities, and a w ... | 2017 | 28719953 |
| surveillance for antibodies against six canine viruses in wild raccoons (procyon lotor) in japan. | raccoons (procyon lotor) are found worldwide. they are frequently seen in crowded inner cities as well as in forests or wooded areas, often living in proximity to humans and their pets. we examined sera from 100 wild raccoons in japan for antibodies to six canine viruses with veterinary significance to assess their potential as reservoirs. we also aimed to understand the distribution of potentially infected wildlife. we found that 7% of samples were seropositive for canine distemper virus (cdv), ... | 2017 | 28715293 |
| using an emergency department syndromic surveillance system to evaluate reporting of potential rabies exposures, illinois, 2013-2015. | mandatory reporting of potential rabies exposures and initiation of postexposure prophylaxis (pep) allow local health authorities to monitor pep administration for errors. our objectives were to use an emergency department (ed) syndromic surveillance system to (1) estimate reporting compliance for exposure to rabies in suburban cook county, illinois, and (2) initiate interventions to improve reporting and reassess compliance. | 2017 | 28692394 |
| a possible origin population of pathogenic intestinal nematodes, strongyloides stercoralis, unveiled by molecular phylogeny. | humans and dogs are the two major hosts of strongyloides stercoralis, an intestinal parasitic nematode. to better understand the phylogenetic relationships among s. stercoralis isolates infecting humans and dogs and to assess the zoonotic potential of this parasite, we analyzed mitochondrial cox1, nuclear 18s rdna, 28s rdna, and a major sperm protein domain-containing protein genes. overall, our analyses indicated the presence of two distinct lineages of s. stercoralis (referred to as type a and ... | 2017 | 28687738 |
| a review of the physiology of a survival expert of big freeze, deep snow, and an empty stomach: the boreal raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides). | the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) is an invasive canid originating from eastern asia. here, we review its physiological adaptations to wintering, with an emphasis on northern europe, where the raccoon dog spends the coldest part of the year in winter sleep. the timing of physiological changes related to wintering is connected to photoperiod by melatonin. in preparation to winter, raccoon dogs display autumnal hyperphagia and fattening probably regulated by the interaction of several pep ... | 2017 | 28674771 |
| identification of a second raccoon-associated polyomavirus. | raccoon polyomavirus 1 (racpyv1) is the suspected cause of an outbreak of fatal brain tumors among raccoons (procyon lotor) in the western united states. spleen samples from georgia raccoons were screened for polyomaviruses. although racpyv1 was not detected, a previously unknown polyomavirus, which we designate racpyv2, was identified and sequenced. | 2017 | 28663292 |
| genetic characterization of canine parvovirus in sympatric free-ranging wild carnivores in portugal. | since its emergence in the 1970s, canine parvovirus (cpv) has been reported in domestic and nondomestic carnivores worldwide with severe implications on their health and survival. here, we aim to better understand cpv circulation in multihost-pathogens systems by characterizing cpv dna or viruses in 227 free-ranging wild carnivores of 12 species from portugal. collected samples during 1995-2011 were analyzed by pcr and sequence analysis. the canine parvovirus dna was detected in 4 (2%) animals o ... | 2017 | 28657857 |
| using viral gene sequences to compare and explain the heterogeneous spatial dynamics of virus epidemics. | rabies is an important zoonotic disease distributed worldwide. a key question in rabies epidemiology is the identification of factors that impact virus dispersion. here we apply new analytical methods, based on phylogeographic reconstructions of viral lineage movement, to undertake a comparative evolutionary-epidemiological study of the spatial dynamics of rabies virus (rabv) epidemics in different hosts and habitats. we have compiled rabv data sets from skunk, raccoon, bat and domestic dog popu ... | 2017 | 28651357 |
| rabies - epidemiology, pathogenesis, public health concerns and advances in diagnosis and control: a comprehensive review. | rabies is a zoonotic, fatal and progressive neurological infection caused by rabies virus of the genus lyssavirus and family rhabdoviridae. it affects all warm-blooded animals and the disease is prevalent throughout the world and endemic in many countries except in islands like australia and antarctica. over 60,000 peoples die every year due to rabies, while approximately 15 million people receive rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (pep) annually. bite of rabid animals and saliva of infected host ... | 2017 | 28643547 |
| ictv virus taxonomy profile: polyomaviridae. | the polyomaviridae is a family of small, non-enveloped viruses with circular dsdna genomes of approximately 5 kbp. the family includes four genera whose members have restricted host range, infecting mammals and birds. polyomavirus genomes have also been detected recently in fish. merkel cell polyomavirus and raccoon polyomavirus are associated with cancer in their host; other members are human and veterinary pathogens. clinical manifestations are obvious in immunocompromised patients but not in ... | 2017 | 28640744 |
| consideration of natural sources in a bacteria tmdl-lines of evidence, including beach microbial source tracking. | total maximum daily load (tmdl) stipulations remained unmet at a southern california beach despite a suite of management actions carried out since 2001, prompting exploration of a natural sources exclusion (nse) provision within the tmdl. quantitative microbial source tracking (mst) was employed from 2012 to 2015 to inventory sources of natural and anthropogenic fecal indicator bacteria (fib). data suggested fib exceedances could be traced to gulls based on gull marker prevalence and correlation ... | 2017 | 28633521 |
| cross-species transmission of canine distemper virus-an update. | canine distemper virus (cdv) is a pantropic morbillivirus with a worldwide distribution, which causes fatal disease in dogs. affected animals develop dyspnea, diarrhea, neurological signs and profound immunosuppression. systemic cdv infection, resembling distemper in domestic dogs, can be found also in wild canids (e.g. wolves, foxes), procyonids (e.g. raccoons, kinkajous), ailurids (e.g. red pandas), ursids (e.g. black bears, giant pandas), mustelids (e.g. ferrets, minks), viverrids (e.g. civet ... | 2015 | 28616465 |
| seed dispersal of diospyros virginiana in the past and the present: evidence for a generalist evolutionary strategy. | several north american trees are hypothesized to have lost their co-evolved seed disperser during the late-pleistocene extinction and are therefore considered anachronistic. we tested this hypothesis for the american persimmon (diospyros virginiana) by studying the effects of gut passage of proposed seed dispersers on seedling survival and growth, natural fruiting characteristics, and modern animal consumption patterns. we tested gut passage effects on persimmon seeds using three native living s ... | 2017 | 28616198 |
| periorbital ecchymosis (raccoon eye) and orbital hematoma following endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp) is a conventional technique for diagnosis and treatment of pancratobiliary diseases, which is associated with various complications, including pancreatitis, hemorrhage, cholangitis, perforation, and mortality. in our case, a 69-year-old woman with positive hepatobiliary symptoms underwent ercp, at the end of which a rare complication (raccoon eye) occurred, which was hypothesized to be due to amyloidosis, but the patient refused to complete t ... | 2017 | 28611566 |
| environmental dna enables detection of terrestrial mammals from forest pond water. | terrestrial animals must have frequent contact with water to survive, implying that environmental dna (edna) originating from those animals should be detectable from places containing water in terrestrial ecosystems. aiming to detect the presence of terrestrial mammals using forest water samples, we applied a set of universal pcr primers (mimammal, a modified version of fish universal primers) for metabarcoding mammalian edna. the versatility of mimammal primers was tested in silico and by ampli ... | 2017 | 28603873 |
| intestinal and external parasites of raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in western poland | parasites of an invasive species, the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) from western poland were investigated to clarify poorly known ecological key aspects of the species. the research was conducted in two study areas: the ujście warty national park and the bogdaniec forestry district. intestinal samples were collected from the intestinal tracks of 39 dead animals and 51 faecal samples were collected in all seasons from latrines of raccoon dogs. macro-parasites, their eggs and protozoan pa ... | 2017 | 28601061 |
| detection of canine adenovirus 1 in red foxes ( vulpes vulpes) and raccoons ( procyon lotor) in germany with a taqman real-time pcr assay. | we developed a real-time (rt)pcr assay based on taqman probe technology for the specific detection of canine adenovirus 1 (cadv-1). the assay is able to detect three 50% tissue culture infectious dose/ml in cadv-1-containing cell culture supernatant. viral genomes were not amplified of canine adenovirus 2 or of several bovine, porcine, and avian adenoviruses. in silico analysis provided no indication of amplification of other heterologous genomes. the sensitivity of the real-time assay exceeded ... | 2017 | 28581363 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of toxoplasma gondii infection in invasive raccoons (procyon lotor) in central europe. | toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis in warm-blooded animals. most mammals, including humans, can become intermediate host, resulting in subclinical infection or even death. generally, there is limited information on the epidemiology of t. gondii of game species in germany. as omnivores, raccoons, which are particularly widespread and abundant in germany, are particularly exposed to infection the parasite. here, we report the seroprevalence of t. gon ... | 2017 | 28578461 |
| molecular genetic-distance estimates among the ursidae as indicated by one- and two-dimensional protein electrophoresis. | evolutionary relationships among eight species of ursidae (including the giant panda) relative to two procyonidae species (raccoon and red panda) were estimated based on the extent of electrophoretic variation of 289 radiolabelled fibroblast proteins resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and among 44 isozyme loci resolved by one-dimensional electrophoresis. allelic differences among these species were converted to genetic distances, and phenetic trees were constructed. in addition, the ... | 1989 | 28568545 |
| interactions between mammals and trees: predation on mammal-dispersed seeds and the effect of ambient food. | the janzen-connell escape hypothesis predicts that the success of tree propagules increases with distance from the parent tree. fleshy fruits that are transported in the guts of frugivores are believed to have evolved to facilitate the wide dispersal of seeds. however, some frugivores deposit seeds in latrines, thus creating aggregations of seeds that are large enough to attract seed predators and negate the advantages of dispersal. raccoons (procyon lotor) often produce large seed deposits sinc ... | 2002 | 28547049 |
| beyond the raccoon roundworm: the natural history of non-raccoon baylisascaris species in the new world. | a total of 10 species of baylisascaris, a genus of ascaridoid nematodes, occur worldwide and 6 of them occur in the new world. most of the baylisascaris species have a similar life cycle with carnivorous mammals or marsupials serving as definitive hosts and a smaller prey host serving as paratenic (or intermediate) hosts. however, one species in rodents is unique in that it only has one host. considerable research has been conducted on b. procyonis, the raccoon roundworm, as it is a well-known c ... | 2017 | 28529879 |
| first molecular detection and characterization of hepatozoon and sarcocystis spp. in field mice and voles from japan. | sarcocystis and hepatozoon species are protozoan parasites that are frequently detected in domestic and wild animals. rodents are considered common intermediate and paratenic hosts for several sarcocystis and hepatozoon species. here, blood dna samples from a total of six rodents, including one myodes rutilus, one myodes rufocanus, and four apodemus speciosus, collected from hokkaido, japan, were shown by conventional pcr of the 18s ribosomal rna (rrna) gene to contain sarcocystis and hepatozoon ... | 2017 | 28526989 |
| host density increases parasite recruitment but decreases host risk in a snail-trematode system. | most species aggregate in local patches. high host density in patches increases contact rate between hosts and parasites, increasing parasite transmission success. at the same time, for environmentally transmitted parasites, high host density can decrease infection risk to individual hosts, because infective stages are divided among all hosts in a patch, leading to safety in numbers. we tested these predictions using the california horn snail, cerithideopsis californica (=cerithidea californica) ... | 2017 | 28518406 |
| serological and molecular detection of toxoplasma gondii and babesia microti in the blood of rescued wild animals in gangwon-do (province), korea. | infections of toxoplasma gondii and babesia microti are reported in many wild animals worldwide, but information on their incidence and molecular detection in korean wild fields is limited. in this study, the prevalence of t. gondii and b. microti infection in blood samples of 5 animal species (37 chinese water deer, 23 raccoon dogs, 6 roe deer, 1 wild boar, and 3 eurasian badgers) was examined during 2008-2009 in gangwon-do (province), the republic of korea (=korea) by using serological and mol ... | 2017 | 28506045 |
| detection and molecular characterization of babesia, theileria, and hepatozoon species in hard ticks collected from kagoshima, the southern region in japan. | to reveal the distribution of tick-borne parasites, we established a novel nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) system to detect the most common agents of tick-borne parasitic diseases, namely babesia, theileria, and hepatozoon parasites. we collected host-seeking or animal-feeding ticks in kagoshima prefecture, the southernmost region of kyusyu island in southwestern japan. twenty of the total of 776 tick samples displayed a specific band of the appropriate size (approximately 1.4-1.6kbp) for ... | 2017 | 28501503 |
| raccoon eyes in systemic light chain amyloidosis. | 2017 | 28490298 | |
| molecular detection and genetic characterization of toxoplasma gondii in farmed raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) in shandong province, eastern china. | toxoplasma gondii is a successful opportunistic parasite, affecting a wide range of vertebrate animals and humans. genetic diversity of t. gondii in raccoon dogs (nyctereutes procyonoides) is of great importance to understand the transmission of t. gondii in the environment. however, no information is available about the distribution of genetic diversity of t. gondii infection in raccoon dogs. this study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and genetic characterization of t. gondii from racc ... | 2017 | 28476602 |
| rabies surveillance in the united states during 2015. | objective to describe rabies and rabies-related events occurring during 2015 in the united states. design observational study based on passive surveillance data. animals all animals submitted for rabies testing in the united states during 2015. procedures state and territorial public health programs provided data on animals submitted for rabies testing in 2015. data were analyzed temporally and geographically to assess trends in domestic and sylvatic animal rabies cases. results during 2015, 50 ... | 2017 | 28467751 |
| correction: management and modeling approaches for controlling raccoon rabies: the road to elimination. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005249.]. | 2017 | 28463964 |
| partial molecular characterization of the mitochondrial genome of baylisascaris columnaris and prevalence of infection in a wild population of striped skunks. | members of the genus baylisascaris utilize omnivores or carnivores as their definitive hosts. the best known member of this genus is baylisascaris procyonis, which is an intestinal parasite of raccoons. the closest relative of b. procyonis is b. columnaris, which utilizes the common skunk as its definitive host. although b. procyonis has been extensively studied, relatively little is known of b. columnaris. for example, the mitochondrial genome of b. procyonis has been sequenced in its entirety. ... | 2017 | 28462088 |
| between a conditional's antecedent and its consequent: discourse coherence vs. probabilistic relevance. | reasoning with conditionals is central to everyday life, yet there is long-standing disagreement about the meaning of the conditional. one example is the puzzle of so-called missing-link conditionals such as "if raccoons have no wings, they cannot breathe under water." their oddity may be taken to show that conditionals require a connection between antecedent ("raccoons have no wings") and consequent ("they cannot breathe under water"), yet most accounts of conditionals attribute the oddity to n ... | 2017 | 28453997 |
| camera trap arrays improve detection probability of wildlife: investigating study design considerations using an empirical dataset. | camera trapping is a standard tool in ecological research and wildlife conservation. study designs, particularly for small-bodied or cryptic wildlife species often attempt to boost low detection probabilities by using non-random camera placement or baited cameras, which may bias data, or incorrectly estimate detection and occupancy. we investigated the ability of non-baited, multi-camera arrays to increase detection probabilities of wildlife. study design components were evaluated for their infl ... | 2017 | 28422973 |
| geographical clusters and predictors of rabies in three southeastern states. | the rabies virus causes progressive encephalomyelitis that is fatal in nearly 100% of untreated cases. in the united states, wildlife act as the primary reservoir for rabies; prevention, surveillance, and control costs remain high. the purpose of this study is to understand the current distribution of wildlife rabies in three southeastern states, with particular focus on raccoons as the primary eastern reservoir, as well as identify demographic and geographic factors which may affect the risk of ... | 2017 | 28418772 |
| pathological findings in the red fox (vulpes vulpes), stone marten (martes foina) and raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides), with special emphasis on infectious and zoonotic agents in northern germany. | anthropogenic landscape changes contributed to the reduction of availability of habitats to wild animals. hence, the presence of wild terrestrial carnivores in urban and peri-urban sites has increased considerably over the years implying an increased risk of interspecies spillover of infectious diseases and the transmission of zoonoses. the present study provides a detailed characterisation of the health status of the red fox (vulpes vulpes), stone marten (martes foina) and raccoon dog (nyctereu ... | 2017 | 28399176 |
| symptomatic raccoon dogs and sarcoptic mange along an urban gradient. | we quantitatively evaluated the effects of landscape factors on the distribution of symptomatic raccoon dogs with sarcoptic mange along an urban gradient. we used 246 camera traps (182 traps from april 2005 to december 2006; 64 traps from september 2009 to october 2010) to record the occurrence of asymptomatic and symptomatic raccoon dogs at 21 survey sites along an urban-rural gradient in the tama hills area of tokyo. each occurrence was explained in terms of the surrounding forest, agricultura ... | 2017 | 28374159 |
| pbdes and dechloranes in raccoons in the midwestern united states. | raccoons (procyon lotor) are one of the most widespread and abundant mammals in north america. to evaluate the suitability of using raccoons as bioindicator species, we analyzed liver tissues (n = 32) collected from 2013 to 2015 for the presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and dechloranes. ∑pbde concentrations ranged from 19.1 to 2125 ng/g lw (median = 98.0 ng/g lw) and did not differ between gender or age of raccoon. dechloranes were detected in 38% of raccoons and ranged from 0.1 ... | 2017 | 28374111 |
| raccoon dog model shows preservation of bone during prolonged catabolism and reduced physical activity. | the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) is a promising animal model capable of preventing disuse-induced osteoporosis. previous data suggest that this species resembles bears in the preservation of bone mass and biomechanical properties during prolonged passivity and catabolism. this longitudinal study examined the osteological properties of tibiae in farm-bred raccoon dogs that were either fed or fasted (n=6 per group) for a 10 week period. peripheral quantitative computed tomography was uti ... | 2017 | 28373598 |
| sarcocystis neurona manipulation using culture-derived merozoites for bradyzoite and sporocyst production. | equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (epm) remains a significant central nervous system disease of horses in the american continents. sarcocystis neurona is considered the primary causative agent and its intermediate life stages are carried by a wide host-range including raccoons (procyon lotor) in north america. s. neurona sarcocysts mature in raccoon skeletal muscle and can produce central nervous system disease in raccoons, mirroring the clinical presentation in horses. the study aimed to devel ... | 2017 | 28372843 |
| teratoma of the ovary in a free-ranging japanese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus). | a young adult, female, free-ranging japanese raccoon dog ( nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) with scabies infection was found dead as a result of traumatic injuries presumed to reflect vehicular trauma. necropsy showed a large solid mass located on the left ovarian region, occupying a third of the abdominal cavity. histologically, the mass contained complex tissues derived from three germinal layers, with areas of cuboidal or columnar epithelium, keratinized squamous epithelium, bone, cartila ... | 2017 | 28363052 |
| baylisascaris procyonis larva migrans in two captive north american beavers (castor canadensis). | baylisascaris procyonis larva migrans was diagnosed in two north american beavers ( castor canadensis ) belonging to a zoological park in clarke county, georgia. both beavers presented with neurological signs. one beaver died naturally and despite attempted treatment, the other beaver was euthanatized because of severe clinical signs and poor prognosis. histologic evaluation of the beavers revealed evidence of parasitic migration characterized by several lesions, including eosinophilic granuloma ... | 2017 | 28363038 |
| epidemiological study of relapsing fever borreliae detected in haemaphysalis ticks and wild animals in the western part of japan. | the genus borrelia comprises arthropod-borne bacteria, which are infectious agents in vertebrates. they are mainly transmitted by ixodid or argasid ticks. in hokkaido, japan, borrelia spp. were found in deer and haemaphysalis ticks between 2011 and 2013; however, the study was limited to a particular area. therefore, in the present study, we conducted large-scale surveillance of ticks and wild animals in the western part of the main island of japan. we collected 6,407 host-seeking ticks from two ... | 2017 | 28362864 |
| prevalence of alaria infection in companion animals in north central oklahoma from 2006 through 2015 and detection in wildlife. | objective to determine the prevalence of alaria infection in cats and dogs in north central oklahoma over various periods and investigate whether wild animal species in this region were also infected. design combined cross-sectional study and case series. sample results of parasitological testing of fecal samples from 5,417 client-owned dogs and 1,246 client-owned cats (2006 through 2014); fecal samples from 837 shelter or rescue dogs and 331 shelter or rescue cats (2013 and 2014) and 268 feral ... | 2017 | 28358635 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel putative human polyomavirus. | the small double-stranded dna polyomaviruses (pyvs) form a family of 73 species, whose natural hosts are primarily mammals and birds. so far, 13 pyvs have been isolated in humans, and some of them have clearly been associated with several diseases, including cancer. in this study, we describe the isolation of a novel pyv in human skin using a sensitive degenerate pcr protocol combined with next-generation sequencing. the new virus, named lyon iarc pyv (lipyv), has a circular genome of 5269 nucle ... | 2017 | 28342387 |
| a permanent host shift of rabies virus from chiroptera to carnivora associated with recombination. | bat virus host shifts can result in the spread of diseases with significant effects. the rabies virus (rabv) is able to infect almost all mammals and is therefore a useful model for the study of host shift mechanisms. carnivore rabvs originated from two historical host shifts from bat viruses. to reveal the genetic pathways by which bat rabvs changed their host tropism from bats to carnivores, we investigated the second permanent bat-to-carnivore shift resulting in two carnivore variants, known ... | 2017 | 28325933 |
| an elderly woman with bilateral raccoon eyes. | 2016 | 28319930 | |
| fish size and habitat depth relationships in headwater streams. | surveys of 262 pools in 3 small streams in eastern tennessee demonstrated a strong positive relationship between pool depth and the size of the largest fish within a pool (p<0.001). similarly, the largest colonizers of newly-created deep pools were larger than the colonizers of shallow pools. we explored the role of predation risk in contributing to the "bigger fish - deeper habitat" pattern, which has been noted by others, by conducting five manipulative field experiments in two streams. three ... | 1991 | 28313259 |
| song sparrows, top carnivores and nest predation: a test of the mesopredator release hypothesis. | ground-nesting north american landbirds have declined in the longterm, including species with a variety of migratory strategies. the mesopredator release hypothesis explains declines by suggesting that the virtual elimination of top carnivores (large-bodied canids and felids) from much of north america has "released" populations of nest-destroying mesopredators (i.e., medium-sized terrestrial omnivores such as the raccoon procyon lotor). the hypothesis predicts (1) higher nest success in the pre ... | 1998 | 28308530 |
| management and modeling approaches for controlling raccoon rabies: the road to elimination. | rabies is an ancient viral disease that significantly impacts human and animal health throughout the world. in the developing parts of the world, dog bites represent the highest risk of rabies infection to people, livestock, and other animals. however, in north america, where several rabies virus variants currently circulate in wildlife, human contact with the raccoon rabies variant leads to the highest per capita population administration of post-exposure prophylaxis (pep) annually. previous ra ... | 2017 | 28301480 |
| corrigendum: comparative transcriptome analysis of raccoon dog skin to determine melanin content in hair and melanin distribution in skin. | 2017 | 28300140 | |
| lyssaviruses and rabies: current conundrums, concerns, contradictions and controversies. | lyssaviruses are bullet-shaped, single-stranded, negative-sense rna viruses and the causative agents of the ancient zoonosis rabies. africa is the likely home to the ancestors of taxa residing within the genus lyssavirus, family rhabdoviridae. diverse lyssaviruses are envisioned as co-evolving with bats, as the ultimate reservoirs, over seemingly millions of years. in terms of relative distribution, overt abundance, and resulting progeny, rabies virus is the most successful lyssavirus species to ... | 2017 | 28299201 |