Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| comparative genomics of a parthenogenesis-inducing wolbachia symbiont. | wolbachia is an intracellular symbiont of invertebrates responsible for inducing a wide variety of phenotypes in its host. these host-wolbachia relationships span the continuum from reproductive parasitism to obligate mutualism, and provide a unique system to study genomic changes associated with the evolution of symbiosis. we present the genome sequence from a parthenogenesis-inducing wolbachia strain (wtpre) infecting the minute parasitoid wasp trichogramma pretiosum the wtpre genome is the mo ... | 2016 | 27194801 |
| evaluation of cold and thermal fogging spraying methods for mosquito control. | the efficacy of three pyrethroid insecticides (lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, and cyphenothrin) in cold (cf) and thermal fogging (tf) applications against caged adults of culex pipiens linnaeus were evaluated under hot-dry conditions in riyadh, saudi arabia. the efficacy of cf and tf at different distances from the release point (15, 30, 45, and 60 m) and height (1 and 2 m) was also investigated by evaluating adult mortality after 24 h of exposure. our data indicated that tf was more efficaci ... | 2014 | 27193409 |
| first molecular identification of dirofilaria spp. (onchocercidae) in mosquitoes from serbia. | dirofilariosis is a common and widespread veterinary health issue in several european countries with notable zoonotic potential. the causative agents are dirofilaria immitis and dirofilaria repens nematoda species which are transmitted by different mosquito vectors. similar to other mosquito-borne infections, the knowledge about mosquito species involved in disease transmission is crucial for the complex understanding of local transmission cycles. since there is no available data on mosquito spe ... | 2016 | 27193348 |
| an evidence-based review on medicinal plants used as insecticide and insect repellent in traditional iranian medicine. | insects can be the cause of major ecological problems; they can transmit microbes and parasites that affect humans, and damage food crops, trees, and homes. the total economic cost of insect-related damage and disease is immeasurable. in traditional iranian medicine (tim), several medicinal plants have been identified as insecticides or insect repellents, but many of them are still unknown. therefore, the aim of this study was to review the insecticidal or insect repellent activity of certain me ... | 2016 | 27186389 |
| first record of the asian bush mosquito, aedes japonicus japonicus, in italy: invasion from an established austrian population. | in 2011 we identified the asian bush mosquito, aedes japonicus japonicus (theobald, 1901) (diptera: culicidae) for the first time in northern slovenia and in the bordering austrian federal state of styria. between may and july 2012 the distribution area of ae. j. japonicus was already found to be extended westwards into carinthia and eastwards towards burgenland and bordering hungary. in august 2012 the species was first detected in a western province of hungary. in subsequent years, follow-up f ... | 2016 | 27184024 |
| evolution, expression, and function of nonneuronal ligand-gated chloride channels in drosophila melanogaster. | ligand-gated chloride channels have established roles in inhibitory neurotransmission in the nervous systems of vertebrates and invertebrates. paradoxically, expression databases in drosophila melanogaster have revealed that three uncharacterized ligand-gated chloride channel subunits, cg7589, cg6927, and cg11340, are highly expressed in nonneuronal tissues. furthermore, subunit copy number varies between insects, with some orders containing one ortholog, whereas other lineages exhibit copy numb ... | 2016 | 27172217 |
| modification of cry4aa toward improved toxin processing in the gut of the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum. | aphids are sap-sucking insects (order: hemiptera) that cause extensive damage to a wide range of agricultural crops. our goal was to optimize a naturally occurring insecticidal crystalline (cry) toxins produced by the soil-dwelling bacterium bacillus thuringiensis for use against the pea aphid, acyrthosiphon pisum. on the basis that activation of the cry4aa toxin is a rate-limiting factor contributing to the relatively low aphicidal activity of this toxin, we introduced cathepsin l and cathepsin ... | 2016 | 27171411 |
| effectiveness of print education at reducing urban mosquito infestation through improved resident-based management. | improving resident-based management and knowledge of mosquitoes is often an integral component of integrated mosquito management, especially in urban landscapes with considerable mosquito habitat on privately owned lands. this study tested the effectiveness of print education materials at reducing urban mosquito exposure through improving resident knowledge of, and attitudes towards, mosquitoes and mosquito management in washington dc, usa. there was a specific focus on the removal of water-fill ... | 2016 | 27171195 |
| mosquito c-type lectins maintain gut microbiome homeostasis. | the long-term evolutionary interaction between the host immune system and symbiotic bacteria determines their cooperative rather than antagonistic relationship. it is known that commensal bacteria have evolved a number of mechanisms to manipulate the mammalian host immune system and maintain homeostasis. however, the strategies employed by the microbiome to overcome host immune responses in invertebrates still remain to be understood. here, we report that the gut microbiome in mosquitoes utilize ... | 2016 | 27170846 |
| detection of dirofilaria repens and dirofilaria immitis dna in mosquitoes from belarus. | during the last two decades, belarus faces an increase of human cases of dirofilaria (nematoda, spirurida, onchocercidae) infections. however, comprehensive analyses explaining this development and the identification of mosquito vector species are missing. here, we present results using temperature data from belarus and show that the annual number of human dirofilaria cases is significantly correlated with the yearly average temperatures (spearman's rho = 0.49, p < 0.05) and the average sum of p ... | 2016 | 27169723 |
| distinct responses to reduplicated chromosomes require distinct mad2 responses. | duplicating chromosomes once each cell cycle produces sister chromatid pairs, which separate accurately at anaphase. in contrast, reduplicating chromosomes without separation frequently produces polytene chromosomes, a barrier to accurate mitosis. chromosome reduplication occurs in many contexts, including: polytene tissue development, polytene tumors, and following treatment with mitosis-blocking chemotherapeutics. however, mechanisms responding to or resolving polyteny during mitosis are poorl ... | 2016 | 27159240 |
| disease vectors in the era of next generation sequencing. | almost 20 % of all infectious human diseases are vector borne and, together, are responsible for over one million deaths per annum. over the past decade, the decreasing costs of massively parallel sequencing technologies have facilitated the agnostic interrogation of insect vector genomes, giving medical entomologists access to an ever-expanding volume of high-quality genomic and transcriptomic data. in this review, we highlight how genomics resources have provided new insights into the physiolo ... | 2016 | 27154554 |
| mortality and pathology in birds due to plasmodium (giovannolaia) homocircumflexum infection, with emphasis on the exoerythrocytic development of avian malaria parasites. | species of avian malaria parasites (plasmodium) are widespread, but their virulence has been insufficiently investigated, particularly in wild birds. during avian malaria, several cycles of tissue merogony occur, and many plasmodium spp. produce secondary exoerythrocytic meronts (phanerozoites), which are induced by merozoites developing in erythrocytic meronts. phanerozoites markedly damage organs, but remain insufficiently investigated in the majority of described plasmodium spp. avian malaria ... | 2016 | 27146519 |
| low protective efficacy of the current japanese encephalitis vaccine against the emerging genotype 5 japanese encephalitis virus. | the current japanese encephalitis (je) vaccine derived from g3 je virus (jev) can induce protective immunity against g1-g4 jev genotypes. however, protective efficacy against the emerging g5 genotype has not been reported. | 2016 | 27139722 |
| comparative transcriptomics reveals key gene expression differences between diapausing and non-diapausing adults of culex pipiens. | diapause is a critical eco-physiological adaptation for winter survival in the west nile virus vector, culex pipiens, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that distinguish diapause from non-diapause in this important mosquito species. we used illumina rna-seq to simultaneously identify and quantify relative transcript levels in diapausing and non-diapausing adult females. among 65,623,095 read pairs, we identified 41 genes with significantly different transcript abundances between ... | 2016 | 27128578 |
| role of golden jackals (canis aureus) as natural reservoirs of dirofilaria spp. in romania. | dirofilaria immitis and dirofilaria repens are mosquito-transmitted zoonotic nematodes, causing heartworm disease and skin lesions, respectively, in carnivores. in europe, the domestic dog is apparently the main definitive host, but patent infections occur also in other species of carnivores. the rapid spread of the golden jackals (canis aureus) throughout europe opens a question of involvement of this species in the sylvatic cycle of pathogens in the colonised territories, including dirofilaria ... | 2016 | 27121617 |
| ectomycota associated with arthropods from bat hibernacula in eastern canada, with particular reference to pseudogymnoasucs destructans. | the introduction of pseudogymnoascus destructans (pd) to north america, agent of white-nose syndrome in hibernating bats, has increased interest in fungi from underground habitats. while bats are assumed to be the main vector transmitting pd cave-to-cave, the role of other fauna is unexplored. we documented the fungi associated with over-wintering arthropods in pd-positive hibernacula, including sites where bats had been recently extirpated or near-extirpated, to determine if arthropods carried ... | 2016 | 27110827 |
| characterisation of potential novel allergens in the fish parasite anisakis simplex. | the parasitic nematode anisakis simplex occurs in fish stocks in temperate seas. a. simplex contamination of fish products is unsavoury and a health concern considering human infection with live larvae (anisakiasis) and allergic reactions to anisakid proteins in seafood. protein extracts of a. simplex produce complex band patterns in gel electrophoresis and ige-immunostaining. in the present study potential allergens have been characterised using sera from a. simplex-sensitised patients and prot ... | 0 | 27110489 |
| the role of climatic and density dependent factors in shaping mosquito population dynamics: the case of culex pipiens in northwestern italy. | culex pipiens mosquito is a species widely spread across europe and represents a competent vector for many arboviruses such as west nile virus (wnv), which has been recently circulating in many european countries, causing hundreds of human cases. in order to identify the main determinants of the high heterogeneity in cx. pipiens abundance observed in piedmont region (northwestern italy) among different seasons, we developed a density-dependent stochastic model that takes explicitly into account ... | 2016 | 27105065 |
| variable efficacy of extended-release mosquito larvicides observed in catch basins in the northeast chicago metropolitan area. | since the mid-1990s, the north shore mosquito abatement district (nsmad) has applied extended-release formulations of mosquito larvicides to approximately 50,000 catch basins in the suburbs north of chicago, il, usa. this is performed as part of nsmad's efforts to reduce local populations of the west nile virus vector, culex pipiens. analyses from nsmad's monitoring of larvicide-treated basins throughout the district over the 2014 and 2015 seasons suggest that larvicides intended to provide exte ... | 2016 | 27103818 |
| infection pattern and transmission potential of chikungunya virus in two new world laboratory-adapted aedes aegypti strains. | chikungunya virus (chikv) is an emerging mosquito-borne virus belonging to the togaviridae, which is transmitted to humans by aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus. we describe the infection pattern of chikv in two new world ae. aegypti strains, hwe and orl. both mosquito strains were susceptible to the virus but showed different infection patterns in midguts and salivary glands. even though acquisition of a bloodmeal showed moderate levels of apoptosis in midgut tissue, there was no obvious addition ... | 2016 | 27102548 |
| an updated checklist of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) from madagascar. | an updated checklist of 235 mosquito species from madagascar is presented. the number of species has increased considerably compared to previous checklists, particularly the last published in 2003 (178 species). this annotated checklist provides concise information on endemism, taxonomic position, developmental stages, larval habitats, distribution, behavior, and vector-borne diseases potentially transmitted. the 235 species belong to 14 genera: aedeomyia (3 species), aedes (35 species), anophel ... | 2016 | 27101839 |
| modelling the effect of temperature on the seasonal population dynamics of temperate mosquitoes. | mosquito-borne diseases cause substantial mortality and morbidity worldwide. these impacts are widely predicted to increase as temperatures warm and extreme precipitation events become more frequent, since mosquito biology and disease ecology are strongly linked to environmental conditions. however, direct evidence linking environmental change to changes in mosquito-borne disease is rare, and the ecological mechanisms that may underpin such changes are poorly understood. environmental drivers, s ... | 2016 | 27084359 |
| ecological characterization and molecular differentiation of culex pipiens complex taxa and culex torrentium in eastern austria. | culex pipiens complex taxa differ in behaviour, ecophysiology and epidemiologic importance. despite their epidemiologic significance, information on genetic diversity, occurrence and seasonal and spatial distribution patterns of the cx. pipiens complex is still insufficient. assessment of seasonal and spatial distribution patterns of culex pipiens forms and their congener cx. torrentium is crucial for the understanding of their vector-pathogen dynamics. | 2016 | 27067139 |
| pilot longitudinal mosquito surveillance study in the danube delta biosphere reserve and the first reports of anopheles algeriensis theobald, 1903 and aedes hungaricus mihályi, 1955 for romania. | mosquito-borne viruses (moboviruses) are of growing importance in many countries of europe. in romania and especially in the danube delta biosphere reserve (ddbr), mosquito and mobovirus surveillance are not performed on a regular basis. however, this type of study is crucially needed to evaluate the risk of pathogen transmission, to understand the ecology of emerging moboviruses, or to plan vector control programmes. | 2016 | 27066827 |
| projection of climate change influences on u.s. west nile virus vectors. | while estimates of the impact of climate change on health are necessary for health care planners and climate change policy makers, models to produce quantitative estimates remain scarce. we describe a freely available dynamic simulation model parameterized for three west nile virus vectors, which provides an effective tool for studying vector-borne disease risk due to climate change. the dynamic mosquito simulation model is parameterized with species specific temperature-dependent development an ... | 2015 | 27057131 |
| culex pipiens development is greatly influenced by native bacteria and exogenous yeast. | culex pipiens is the most cosmopolitan mosquito of the pipiens assemblage. by studying the nature of interactions between this species and microorganisms common to its breeding environment we can unravel important pitfalls encountered during development. we tested the survival rate of larval stages, pupae and adults of a cx. pipiens colony exposed to a variety of microorganisms in laboratory conditions and assessed the transmission to offspring (f1) by those organisms that secured development up ... | 2016 | 27055276 |
| identification of differentially expressed micrornas between the fenpropathrin resistant and susceptible strains in tetranychus cinnabarinus. | the carmine spider mite (tetranychus cinnabarinus) is one of the most serious pests on crops and its control mainly depends on chemical acaricides. the excessive and improper acaricides use has resulted in mite resistance to many acaricides, including fenpropathrin. previous studies have indicated fenpropathrin resistance is a complex development process involving many genes, but information on resistance mechanism of post-transcription regulation is rare. using illumina sequencing, several cate ... | 2016 | 27050424 |
| the spatio-temporal distribution of japanese encephalitis cases in different age groups in mainland china, 2004 - 2014. | japanese encephalitis (je) is very prevalent in china, but the incidence of je among children has been greatly reduced by extensive promotion of vaccinations. the incidence of je among adults, however, has increased in some parts of china. | 2016 | 27050414 |
| larvicidal, biological and genotoxic effects, and temperature-toxicity relationship of some leaf extracts of nerium oleander (apocynaceae) on culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | the present study was undertaken to study the larvicidal activity of different extracts of nerium oleander leaves, and post-treatment temperature- toxicity relationship of these extracts against culex pipiens. further, the most potent extract was used to evaluate its biological and genotoxic activities. | 2015 | 27047967 |
| fungal biological control agents for integrated management of culicoides spp. (diptera: ceratopogonidae) of livestock. | entomopathogenic fungi metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana had wide host range against insects and hence these are being exploited as fungal bio-pesticide on a large scale. both fungi are proved pesticides against many crop pests and farmers are well acquainted with their use on the field. thus, research was aimed to explore the potency of these fungal spores against larval and adult culicoides midges, a pest of livestock. | 2015 | 27047065 |
| west nile virus in tunisia, 2014: first isolation from mosquitoes. | several outbreaks of human west nile virus (wnv) infections were reported in tunisia during the last two decades. serological studies on humans as well as on equine showed intensive circulation of wnv in tunisia. however, no virus screening of mosquitoes for wnv has been performed in tunisia. in the present study, we collected mosquito samples from central tunisia to be examined for the presence of flaviviruses. a total of 102 culex pipiens mosquitoes were collected in september 2014 from centra ... | 2016 | 27038557 |
| mosquito host choices on livestock amplifiers of rift valley fever virus in kenya. | animal hosts may vary in their attraction and acceptability as components of the host location process for assessing preference, and biting rates of vectors and risk of exposure to pathogens. however, these parameters remain poorly understood for mosquito vectors of the rift valley fever (rvf), an arboviral disease, and for a community of mosquitoes. | 2016 | 27036889 |
| first evidence of west nile virus lineage 2 circulation in turkey. | in august 2014, a west nile virus (wnv) strain belonging to lineage 2 was detected in the brain tissues of a 9 year old mare euthanised after showing severe clinical signs in bursa region, turkey. phylogenetic analyses of 290 bp of ns3 coding region clustered the turkish strain together with the 2010-2012 greek isolates. either igg and igm or igg only wnv antibodies were detected in 2 and 11 horses, respectively, which were in the outbreak surrounding. no wnv rna was detected in pools of 50 indi ... | 2017 | 27033534 |
| synthesis and larvicidal activity of phrymarolin derivatives against culex pipiens pallens. | twenty-eight new phrymarolin derivatives, including twenty-one ethers, six esters and a dehydroxy phrymarolin, were prepared from phrymarolin i and the structures of all the derivatives were confirmed by ¹h nmr and ¹³c nmr spectroscopic and ms data analyses. larvicidal activities of these phrymarolin analogues were assayed against 4th instar larvae of culex pipiens pallens. the ester derivatives of phrymarolin showed lower larvicidal activity than phrymarolin i, but some of the ether derivatives ... | 2016 | 27032209 |
| canine dirofilariosis endemic in central europe-10 years of epidemiological study in slovakia. | the study presents the comprehensive results of a detailed epidemiological study on canine dirofilariosis in slovakia, central europe. more than 4000 dogs were investigated, and several epidemiological factors were considered. the mean prevalence in individual regions ranged from 2.0 % in northern slovakia to more than 25.0 % in the south-western part of the country, with the nematode dirofilaria repens confirmed as the dominant causative agent. canine dirofilariosis occurred more often in anima ... | 2016 | 27021185 |
| a mixture of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis with xenorhabdus nematophila-cultured broth enhances toxicity against mosquitoes aedes albopictus and culex pipiens pallens (diptera: culicidae). | xenorhabdusandphotorhabdusspp. (enterobacteriaceae) can synthesize and release secondary metabolites that play crucial roles in their pathogenicity by suppressing the immunity of target insects. the insect immunity contributes to defense against the pathogenicity ofbacillus thuringiensis(bt). this study tested a hypothesis that bacterial immunosuppresants could enhance the susceptibility of mosquitoes (aedes albopictusandculex pipiens pallens) to bt. three symbiotic bacteria [x. nematophila(xn), ... | 2016 | 27018440 |
| seasonal dynamics of insecticide resistance, multiple resistance, and morphometric variation in field populations of culex pipiens. | resistance to insecticides that impairs nervous transmission has been widely investigated in mosquito populations as insecticides are crucial to effective insect control. the development of insecticide resistance is also of special interest to evolutionary biologists since it represents the opportunity to observe the genetic consequences of a well-characterized alteration in the environment. although the frequencies of resistance alleles in culex pipiens populations against different groups of i ... | 2016 | 27017877 |
| digestion of yeasts and beta-1,3-glucanases in mosquito larvae: physiological and biochemical considerations. | aedes aegypti larvae ingest several kinds of microorganisms. in spite of studies regarding mosquito digestion, little is known about the nutritional utilization of ingested cells by larvae. we investigated the effects of using yeasts as the sole nutrient source for a. aegypti larvae. we also assessed the role of beta-1,3-glucanases in digestion of live yeast cells. beta-1,3-glucanases are enzymes which hydrolyze the cell wall beta-1,3-glucan polyssacharide. larvae were fed with cat food (control ... | 2016 | 27007411 |
| identification of protease m1 zinc metalloprotease conferring resistance to deltamethrin by characterization of an aflp marker in culex pipiens pallens. | continuous and excessive application of deltamethrin (dm) has resulted in the rapid development of insecticide resistance in culex pipiens pallens. the quantitative trait loci (qtl) responsible for resistance to dm had previously been detected in cx. pipiens pallens. but locating the qtls on the chromosomes remained difficult. an available approach is to first characterize dna molecular markers linked with the phenotype, and then identify candidate genes. | 2016 | 27007119 |
| splice form variant and amino acid changes in mdr49 confers ddt resistance in transgenic drosophila. | the atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters represent a superfamily of proteins that have important physiological roles in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. in insects, abc transporters have previously been implicated in insecticide resistance. the 91-r strain of drosophila melanogaster has been intensely selected with ddt over six decades. a recent selective sweeps analysis of 91-r implicated the potential role of mdr49, an abc transporter, in ddt resistance, however, to date the details of how ... | 2016 | 27003579 |
| anopheles (anopheles) petragnani del vecchio 1939-a new mosquito species for germany. | the so far known species of the anopheles claviger complex, anopheles claviger s.s. and anopheles petragnani, can only be distinguished by partial overlapping characteristics of immature stages and by nucleotide sequence variation of the genomic ribosomal dna (rdna) internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) region. the known distribution of an. petragnani is so far restricted to the western mediterranean region, whereas an. claviger s.s. occurs across most of europe, up to the middle east and north a ... | 2016 | 27003404 |
| plasmodium delichoni n. sp.: description, molecular characterisation and remarks on the exoerythrocytic merogony, persistence, vectors and transmission. | malaria parasite plasmodium (novyella) delichoni n. sp. (haemosporida, plasmodiidae) was found in a widespread eurasian songbird, the common house martin delichon urbicum (hirundinidae). it is described based on the morphology of its blood stages and segments of the mitochondrial cytochrome b and apicoplast genes, which can be used for molecular identification of this species. erythrocytic meronts and gametocytes are strictly nucleophilic, and mature gametocytes possess pigment granules of marke ... | 2016 | 27000087 |
| a deep insight into the sialome of male and female aedes aegypti mosquitoes. | only adult female mosquitoes feed on blood, while both genders take sugar meals. accordingly, several compounds associated with blood feeding (i.e. vasodilators, anti-clotting, anti-platelets) are found only in female glands, while enzymes associated with sugar feeding or antimicrobials (such as lysozyme) are found in the glands of both sexes. we performed de novo assembly of reads from adult aedes aegypti female and male salivary gland libraries (285 and 90 million reads, respectively). by mapp ... | 2016 | 26999592 |
| changes in the physicochemical properties of piperine/β-cyclodextrin due to the formation of inclusion complexes. | piperine (pp) is a pungent component in black pepper that possesses useful biological activities; however it is practically insoluble in water. the aim of the current study was to prepare a coground mixture (gm) of pp and β-cyclodextrin (βcd) (molar ratio of pp/βcd = 1/1) and subsequently evaluate the solubility of pp and physicochemical properties of the gm. dsc thermal behavior of the gm showed the absence of melting peak of piperine. pxrd profile of the gm exhibited halo pattern and no charac ... | 2016 | 26998357 |
| high genetic diversity in the culex pipiens complex from a west nile virus epidemic area in southern europe. | the culex pipiens complex includes the most widespread mosquito species in the world. cx. pipiens is the primary vector of the west nile virus (wnv) in europe and north america. cases of wnv have been recorded in italy since 1998. in particular, wet areas along the po river are considered some of the most wnv affected areas in italy. here, we analyzed the genetic structure of ten cx. pipiens populations collected in the last part of the po river including the delta area. | 2016 | 26979749 |
| sexual differences in prevalence of a new species of trypanosome infecting túngara frogs. | trypanosomes are a diverse group of protozoan parasites of vertebrates transmitted by a variety of hematophagous invertebrate vectors. anuran trypanosomes and their vectors have received relatively little attention even though these parasites have been reported from frog and toad species worldwide. blood samples collected from túngara frogs (engystomops pustulosus), a neotropical anuran species heavily preyed upon by eavesdropping frog-biting midges (corethrella spp.), were examined for trypanos ... | 2016 | 26977404 |
| a method to preserve low parasitaemia plasmodium-infected avian blood for host and vector infectivity assays. | avian malaria vector competence studies are needed to understand more succinctly complex avian parasite-vector-relations. the lack of vector competence trials may be attributed to the difficulty of obtaining gametocytes for the majority of plasmodium species and lineages. to conduct avian malaria infectivity assays for those plasmodium spp. and lineages that are refractory to in vitro cultivation, it is necessary to obtain and preserve for short periods sufficient viable merozoites to infect naï ... | 2016 | 26969510 |
| climate change projections of west nile virus infections in europe: implications for blood safety practices. | west nile virus (wnv) is transmitted by mosquitoes in both urban as well as in rural environments and can be pathogenic in birds, horses and humans. extrinsic factors such as temperature and land use are determinants of wnv outbreaks in europe, along with intrinsic factors of the vector and virus. | 2016 | 26961903 |
| synthesis and larvicidal activity of novel thenoylhydrazide derivatives. | a pair of chemical isomeric structures of novel n-tert-butylphenyl thenoylhydrazide compounds i and ii were designed and synthesized. their structures were characterized by ms, ir, (1)h nmr, elemental analysis and x-ray single crystal diffraction. the regioselectivity of the meerwein arylation reaction and the electrophilic substitution reaction of n-tert-butyl hydrazine were studied by density functional theory (dft) quantum chemical method. the larvicidal tests revealed that some compounds i h ... | 2016 | 26960713 |
| major emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases of public health importance in canada. | in canada, the emergence of vector-borne diseases may occur via international movement and subsequent establishment of vectors and pathogens, or via northward spread from endemic areas in the usa. re-emergence of endemic vector-borne diseases may occur due to climate-driven changes to their geographic range and ecology. lyme disease, west nile virus (wnv), and other vector-borne diseases were identified as priority emerging non-enteric zoonoses in canada in a prioritization exercise conducted by ... | 2015 | 26954882 |
| a review of bioinsecticidal activity of solanaceae alkaloids. | only a small percentage of insect species are pests. however, pest species cause significant losses in agricultural and forest crops, and many are vectors of diseases. currently, many scientists are focused on developing new tools to control insect populations, including secondary plant metabolites, e.g., alkaloids, glycoalkaloids, terpenoids, organic acids and alcohols, which show promise for use in plant protection. these compounds can affect insects at all levels of biological organization, b ... | 2016 | 26938561 |
| contact bioassays with phenoxybenzyl and tetrafluorobenzyl pyrethroids against target-site and metabolic resistant mosquitoes. | mosquito strains that exhibit increased tolerance to the chemical class of compounds with a sodium channel modulator mode of action (pyrethroids and pyrethrins) are typically described as "pyrethroid resistant". resistance to pyrethroids is an increasingly important challenge in the control of mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria or dengue, because one of the main interventions (the distribution of large numbers of long-lasting insecticide-treated bed nets) currently relies entirely on long- ... | 2016 | 26930058 |
| geographic variation in the response of culex pipiens life history traits to temperature. | climate change is predicted to alter the transmission of many vector-borne pathogens. the quantitative impact of climate change is usually estimated by measuring the temperature-performance relationships for a single population of vectors, and then mapping this relationship across a range of temperatures or locations. however, life history traits of different populations often differ significantly. specifically, performance across a range of temperatures is likely to vary due to local adaptation ... | 2016 | 26928181 |
| nutritional signaling regulates vitellogenin synthesis and egg development through juvenile hormone in nilaparvata lugens (stål). | insect female reproduction which comprises the synthesis of vitellogenein (vg) in the fat body and its incorporation into developing oocytes, needs a large amount of energy and food resources. our previous studies found that juvenile hormone (jh) regulates vitellogenesis in the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens. here, we report on the role of jh in nutrient-regulated vg synthesis and egg development. we first cloned the genes coding for juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase (jhamt) which i ... | 2016 | 26927076 |
| wolbachia biocontrol strategies for arboviral diseases and the potential influence of resident wolbachia strains in mosquitoes. | arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes are a major cause of human disease worldwide. the absence of vaccines and effective vector control strategies has resulted in the need for novel mosquito control strategies. the endosymbiotic bacterium wolbachia has been proposed to form the basis for an effective mosquito biocontrol strategy. resident strains of wolbachia inhibit viral replication in drosophila fruit flies and induce a reproductive phenotype known as cytoplasmic incompatibility that allows ... | 2016 | 26925368 |
| multiple horizontal transfers of bacteriophage wo and host wolbachia in fig wasps in a closed community. | wolbachia-bacteriophage wo is a good model system for studying interactions between bacteria and viruses. previous surveys of insect hosts have been conducted via sampling from open or semi-open communities; however, no studies have reported the infection patterns of phage wo of insects living in a closed community. figs and fig wasps form a peculiar closed community in which the ficus tree provides a compact syconium habitat for a variety of fig wasp. therefore, in this study, we performed a th ... | 2016 | 26913026 |
| japanese encephalitis virus tropism in experimentally infected pigs. | pigs are considered to be the main amplifying host for japanese encephalitis virus (jev), and their infection can correlate with human cases of disease. despite their importance in the ecology of the virus as it relates to human cases of encephalitis, the pathogenesis of jev in pigs remains obscure. in the present study, the localization and kinetics of virus replication were investigated in various tissues after experimental intravenous infection of pigs. the data demonstrate a rapid and broad ... | 2016 | 26911997 |
| toxin stability improvement and toxicity increase against dipteran and lepidopteran larvae of bacillus thuringiensis crystal protein cry2aa. | bacillus thuringiensis δ-endotoxins are the most widely used biopesticides for controlling economically important crop pests and disease vectors. improving their efficacy is of great benefit. here, an improvement in cry2aa δ-endotoxin toxicity was attempted via a cry gene over expression system using p20 from b. thuringiensis israelensis. | 2016 | 26910489 |
| insight into the mode of action of haedoxan a from phryma leptostachya. | haedoxan a (ha) is a major active ingredient in the herbaceous perennial plant lopseed (phryma leptostachya l.), which is used as a natural insecticide against insect pests in east asia. here, we report that ha delayed the decay rate of evoked excitatory junctional potentials (ejps) and increased the frequency of miniature ejps (mejps) on the drosophila neuromuscular junction. ha also caused a significant hyperpolarizing shift of the voltage dependence of fast inactivation of insect sodium chann ... | 2016 | 26907348 |
| vector competence of aedes vexans (meigen), culex poicilipes (theobald) and cx. quinquefasciatus say from senegal for west and east african lineages of rift valley fever virus. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv; phlebovirus, bunyaviridae) is a mosquito-borne, zoonotic pathogen. in senegal, rvfv was first isolated in 1974 from aedes dalzieli (theobald) and thereafter from ae. fowleri (de charmoy), ae. ochraceus theobald, ae. vexans (meigen), culex poicilipes (theobald), mansonia africana (theobald) and ma. uniformis (theobald). however, the vector competence of these local species has never been demonstrated making hypothetical the transmission cycle proposed for west afric ... | 2016 | 26897521 |
| plant essential oils and potassium metabisulfite as repellents for drosophila suzukii (diptera: drosophilidae). | spotted wing drosophila, drosophila suzukii, is a globally invasive pest of soft-skinned fruit. females oviposit into ripening fruit and larvae cause direct destruction of tissues. as many plant essential oils are permitted food additives, they may provide a safe means of protecting fruit from d. suzukii infestation in both conventional and organic production systems. twelve oils and potassium metabisulfite (kms) were screened in the laboratory as repellents for d. suzukii flies. most essential ... | 2016 | 26893197 |
| establishment of a wolbachia superinfection in aedes aegypti mosquitoes as a potential approach for future resistance management. | wolbachia pipientis is an endosymbiotic bacterium estimated to chronically infect between 40-75% of all arthropod species. aedes aegypti, the principle mosquito vector of dengue virus (denv), is not a natural host of wolbachia. the transinfection of wolbachia strains such as walbb, wmel and wmelpop-cla into ae. aegypti has been shown to significantly reduce the vector competence of this mosquito for a range of human pathogens in the laboratory. this has led to wmel-transinfected ae. aegypti curr ... | 2016 | 26891349 |
| culex pipiens and stegomyia albopicta (= aedes albopictus) populations as vectors for lineage 1 and 2 west nile virus in europe. | the emerging disease west nile fever is caused by west nile virus (wnv), one of the most widespread arboviruses. this study represents the first test of the vectorial competence of european culex pipiens linnaeus 1758 and stegomyia albopicta (= aedes albopictus) (both: diptera: culicidae) populations for lineage 1 and 2 wnv isolated in europe. culex pipiens and s. albopicta populations were susceptible to wnv infection, had disseminated infection, and were capable of transmitting both wnv lineag ... | 2016 | 26890285 |
| phe362tyr in ache: a major factor responsible for azamethiphos resistance in lepeophtheirus salmonis in norway. | organophosphates (op) are one of the major treatments used against the salmon louse (lepeophtherius salmonis) in norwegian salmonid aquaculture. the use of op since the late 1970s has resulted in widespread resistant parasites. recently, we reported a single mutation (phe362tyr) in acetylcholinesterase (ache) as the major mechanism behind resistance in salmon louse towards op. the present study was carried out to validate this mechanism at the field level. a total of 6658 salmon louse samples we ... | 2016 | 26882536 |
| germs within worms: localization of neorickettsia sp. within life cycle stages of the digenean plagiorchis elegans. | neorickettsia spp. are bacterial endosymbionts of parasitic flukes (digenea) that also have the potential to infect and cause disease (e.g., sennetsu fever) in the vertebrate hosts of the fluke. one of the largest gaps in our knowledge of neorickettsia biology is the very limited information available regarding the localization of the bacterial endosymbiont within its digenean host. in this study, we used indirect immunofluorescence microscopy to visualize neorickettsia sp. within several life c ... | 2016 | 26873314 |
| larvicidal and histopathological effects of cassia siamea leaf extract against culex quinquefasciatus. | a traditional thai medicinal extract from cassia siamea was evaluated with respect to its larvicidal properties by determining the median lethal concentration (lc50) at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h against the fourth instar larvae of culex quinquefasciatus, which is a carrier of mosquito-borne diseases, by studying the histopathological alterations. the 24, 48, 72 and 96 h lc50 values were 394.29, 350.24, 319.17 and 272.42 ppm, respectively. the histopathological lesions after exposure to 25% of the 24-h ... | 0 | 26868707 |
| duplication and diversification of dipteran argonaute genes, and the evolutionary divergence of piwi and aubergine. | genetic studies of drosophila melanogaster have provided a paradigm for rna interference (rnai) in arthropods, in which the microrna and antiviral pathways are each mediated by a single argonaute (ago1 and ago2) and germline suppression of transposable elements is mediated by a trio of piwi-subfamily argonaute proteins (ago3, aub, and piwi). without a suitable evolutionary context, deviations from this can be interpreted as derived or idiosyncratic. here we analyze the evolution of argonaute gen ... | 2016 | 26868596 |
| stress-induced changes in abundance differ among obligate and facultative endosymbionts of the soybean aphid. | bacterial endosymbionts can drive evolutionary novelty by conferring adaptive benefits under adverse environmental conditions. among aphid species there is growing evidence that symbionts influence tolerance to various forms of stress. however, the extent to which stress inflicted on the aphid host has cascading effects on symbiont community dynamics remains poorly understood. here we simultaneously quantified the effect of host-plant induced and xenobiotic stress on soybean aphid (aphis glycine ... | 2016 | 26865969 |
| detection of west nile and usutu viruses in italian free areas: entomological surveillance in piemonte and liguria regions, 2014. | west nile virus and usutu virus have established in different parts of italy over the past 10 years. piemonte and liguria regions (northwestern italy) are known to be nonendemic areas, despite the presence of competent vectors and environmental conditions conducive to maintaining infection. this work evidences for the first time, through an entomological surveillance implemented on the basis of risk factor approach, the presence of west nile and usutu viruses in piemonte and liguria regions (nor ... | 2016 | 26862776 |
| a new allele conferring resistance to lysinibacillus sphaericus is detected in low frequency in culex quinquefasciatus field populations. | the cqm1 α-glucosidase of culex quinquefasciatus larvae acts as the midgut receptor for the binary toxin of the biolarvicide lysinibacillus sphaericus. mutations within the cqm1 gene can code for aberrant polypeptides that can no longer be properly expressed or bind to the toxin, leading to insect resistance. the cqm1 rec and cqm1 rec-2 alleles were identified in a laboratory selected colony and both displayed mutations that lead to equivalent phenotypes of refractoriness to l. sphaericus. cqm1 ... | 2016 | 26846600 |
| developing antibodies from cholinesterase derived from prokaryotic expression and testing their feasibility for detecting immunogen content in daphnia magna. | to yield cholinesterase (che) from prokaryotic expression, the che gene that belongs to daphnia magna was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) using forward primer 5'-cccyggngcsat gatgtg-3' and reverse primer 5'-gyaagttrgcccaatatct-3'. to express the gene, one sequence of the amplified dna, which was able to encode a putative protein containing two conserved carboxylesterase domains, was connected to the prokaryotic expression vector pet-29a(+). the recombinant v ... | 0 | 26834012 |
| novel hydrazone derivatives containing pyridine amide moiety: design, synthesis, and insecticidal activity. | a series of novel hydrazone derivatives containing pyridine amide moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their insecticidal activity. bioassays indicated that some of the target compounds exhibited good insecticidal activities against nilaparvata lugens (n. lugens), plutella xylostella (p. xylostella), mythimna separata (m. separata), helicoverpa armigera (h. armigera), pyrausta nubilalis (p. nubilalis), and culex pipiens pallens (c. pipiens pallens). in particular, compound 5j rev ... | 2016 | 26832221 |
| [bloodsucking mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in, the tula region are potential vectors of dirofilarias]. | bloodsucking mosquitoes were collected in tula and its region in may to august 2013-2014. the fauna included 17 species from 5 genera in the subfamily culicinae and anopheles maculipennis complex in the subsystem anophelinae. ochlerotatus cantans was a dominant species in the collections. the dominant species also included aedes einereus, ae. vexans, ae. geniculatus, och. diantaeus, och. intrudens, och. cataphylla, and culex pipiens. the possible value of different mosquito species dirofilaria r ... | 2016 | 26827580 |
| aphicidal activity of illicium verum fruit extracts and their effects on the acetylcholinesterase and glutathione s-transferases activities in myzus persicae (hemiptera: aphididae). | this study aims to explore the aphicidal activity and underlying mechanism of illicium verum hook. f. that is used as both food and medicine. the contact toxicity of the extracts from i. verum fruit with methyl alcohol (ma), ethyl acetate (ea), and petroleum ether (pe) against myzus persicae (sulzer), and the activities of acetylcholinesterase (ache) and glutathione s-transferases (gsts) of m. persicae after contact treatment were tested. the results showed that ma, ea, and pe extracts of 1.000 ... | 2016 | 26826651 |
| genome sequences of five arboviruses in field-captured mosquitoes in a unique rural environment of south korea. | here, we present the genome sequences of one mesonivirus and four novel arboviruses observed in culex bitaeniorhynchus and culex pipiens, captured in and near the demilitarized zone, republic of korea. results suggest the ubiquitous presence of mesoniviruses and the discovery of a potentially new species of arboviruses in field-captured mosquitoes. | 2016 | 26823588 |
| larvicidal potential of the halogenated sesquiterpene (+)-obtusol, isolated from the alga laurencia dendroidea j. agardh (ceramiales: rhodomelaceae), against the dengue vector mosquito aedes aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera: culicidae). | dengue is considered a serious public health problem in many tropical regions of the world including brazil. at the moment, there is no viable alternative to reduce dengue infections other than controlling the insect vector, aedes aegypti linnaeus. in the continuing search for new sources of chemicals targeted at vector control, natural products are a promising alternative to synthetic pesticides. in our work, we investigated the toxicity of a bioactive compound extracted from the red alga laure ... | 2016 | 26821032 |
| genetic diversity of culex pipiens mosquitoes in distinct populations from europe: contribution of cx. quinquefasciatus in mediterranean populations. | mosquitoes of the culex pipiens complex are cosmopolitan, and important vectors of neglected tropical diseases, such as arbovirosis and lymphatic filariasis. among the complex taxa, cx. pipiens (with two forms pipiens and molestus) and cx. quinquefasciatus are the most ubiquitous mosquitoes in temperate and tropical regions respectively. mosquitoes of this taxa lack of morphological differences between females, but have frank behavioral and physiological differences and have different trophic pr ... | 2016 | 26818097 |
| resistance level of mosquito species (diptera: culicidae) from shandong province, china. | this study describes the aquatic habitats, species composition, and the insecticide resistance level of the mosquito culex pipiens pallens in shandong province, china. a cross-sectional survey of mosquito larval habitats was conducted from may to november 2014 to determine the species composition and larval abundance. larvae were collected using the standard dipping technique, and a total of four habitat types were sampled. the fourth instar larvae of cx. pipiens pallens collected in each habita ... | 2015 | 26816489 |
| assessment of productivity of culex spp. larvae (diptera: culicidae) in urban storm water catch basin system in wrocław (sw poland). | in urban environments, catch basins serve as major developmental and resting sites for anthropophilic and zoophilic mosquitoes. however, the use of this habitat is inconsistent, with abundance of larvae varying significantly across catch basins at a fine spatial scale. during seasonal summer investigations on mosquito species composition, their spatial and temporal distribution and the environmental characteristic of the breeding sites in the underground storm drain systems of the wrocław urban ... | 2016 | 26809340 |
| high prevalence of west nile virus in domestic birds and detection in 2 new mosquito species in madagascar. | west nile virus is an arthropod-borne zoonosis transmitted by a large number of mosquito species, and birds play a key role as reservoir of the virus. its distribution is largely widespread over africa, asia, the americas and europe. since 1978, it has frequently been reported in madagascar. studies described a high seroprevalence level of the virus in humans in different areas of the island and a human fatal case of wnv infection was reported in 2011. despite these reports, the epidemiology of ... | 2016 | 26807720 |
| species composition, co-occurrence, association and affinity indices of mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae) in mazandaran province, northern iran. | although considerable progress has been made in the past years in management of mosquito borne diseases such as malaria, dengue, yellow fever and west nile fever through research in biology and ecology of the vectors, these diseases are still major threats to human health. therefore, more research is required for better management of the diseases. this investigation provides information on the composition, co-occurrence, association and affinity indices of mosquito larvae in mazandaran province, ... | 2016 | 26805471 |
| identification of genes involved in pyrethroid-, propoxur-, and dichlorvos- insecticides resistance in the mosquitoes, culex pipiens complex (diptera: culicidae). | culex pipiens pallens and cx. p. quinquefasciatus are important vectors of many diseases, such as west nile fever and lymphatic filariasis. the widespread use of insecticides to control these disease vectors and other insect pests has led to insecticide resistance becoming common in these species. in this study, high throughout illumina sequencing was used to identify hundreds of cx. p. pallens and cx. p. quinquefasciatus genes that were differentially expressed in response to insecticide exposu ... | 2016 | 26802491 |
| identification of the genes involved in odorant reception and detection in the palm weevil rhynchophorus ferrugineus, an important quarantine pest, by antennal transcriptome analysis. | the red palm weevil (rpw) rhynchophorus ferrugineus (oliver) is one of the most damaging invasive insect species in the world. this weevil is highly specialized to thrive in adverse desert climates, and it causes major economic losses due to its effects on palm trees around the world. rpws locate palm trees by means of plant volatile cues and use an aggregation pheromone to coordinate a mass-attack. here we report on the high throughput sequencing of the rpw antennal transcriptome and present a ... | 2016 | 26800671 |
| rnai and antiviral defense in the honey bee. | honey bees play an important agricultural and ecological role as pollinators of numerous agricultural crops and other plant species. therefore, investigating the factors associated with high annual losses of honey bee colonies in the us is an important and active area of research. pathogen incidence and abundance correlate with colony collapse disorder- (ccd-) affected colonies in the us and colony losses in the us and in some european countries. honey bees are readily infected by single-strande ... | 2015 | 26798663 |
| characterization of genomic variants associated with scout and recruit behavioral castes in honey bees using whole-genome sequencing. | among forager honey bees, scouts seek new resources and return to the colony, enlisting recruits to collect these resources. differentially expressed genes between these behaviors and genetic variability in scouting phenotypes have been reported. whole-genome sequencing of 44 apis mellifera scouts and recruits was undertaken to detect variants and further understand the genetic architecture underlying the behavioral differences between scouts and recruits. the median coverage depth in recruits a ... | 2016 | 26784945 |
| [effect of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) on detoxification enzyme activity of larvae of culex pipiens pallens and aedes aegypti]. | to investigate the effect of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) on the activities of three detoxification enzymes of culex pipiens pallens and aedes aegypti larvae. | 2015 | 26767261 |
| comparison of irradiation and wolbachia based approaches for sterile-male strategies targeting aedes albopictus. | the global expansion of aedes albopictus together with the absence of vaccines for most of the arboviruses transmitted by this mosquito has stimulated the development of sterile-male strategies aiming at controlling disease transmission through the suppression of natural vector populations. in this context, two environmentally friendly control strategies, namely the sterile insect technique (sit) and the wolbachia-based incompatible insect technique (iit) are currently being developed in several ... | 2016 | 26765951 |
| culex pipiens and culex restuans mosquitoes harbor distinct microbiota dominated by few bacterial taxa. | mosquitoes host diverse microbial communities that influence many aspects of their biology including reproduction, digestion, and ability to transmit pathogens. unraveling the composition, structure, and function of these microbiota can provide new opportunities for exploiting microbial function for mosquito-borne disease control. | 2016 | 26762514 |
| slowed aging during reproductive dormancy is reflected in genome-wide transcriptome changes in drosophila melanogaster. | in models extensively used in studies of aging and extended lifespan, such as c. elegans and drosophila, adult senescence is regulated by gene networks that are likely to be similar to ones that underlie lifespan extension during dormancy. these include the evolutionarily conserved insulin/igf, tor and germ line-signaling pathways. dormancy, also known as dauer stage in the larval worm or adult diapause in the fly, is triggered by adverse environmental conditions, and results in drastically exte ... | 2016 | 26758761 |
| insecticide resistance and management strategies in urban ecosystems. | the increased urbanization of a growing global population makes imperative the development of sustainable integrated pest management (ipm) strategies for urban pest control. this emphasizes pests that are closely associated with the health and wellbeing of humans and domesticated animals. concurrently there are regulatory requirements enforced to minimize inadvertent exposures to insecticides in the urban environment. development of insecticide resistance management (irm) strategies in urban eco ... | 2016 | 26751480 |
| carbon dioxide receptor genes and their expression profile in diabrotica virgifera virgifera. | diabrotica virgifera virgifera, western corn rootworm, is one of the most devastating species in north america. d. v. virgifera neonates crawl through the soil to locate the roots on which they feed. carbon dioxide (co2) is one of the important volatile cues that attract d. v. virgifera larvae to roots. | 2016 | 26746870 |
| ecological distribution and cq11 genetic structure of culex pipiens complex (diptera: culicidae) in italy. | mosquitoes in the culex pipiens complex are considered to be involved in the transmission of a range of pathogens, including west nile virus (wnv). although its taxonomic status is still debated, the complex includes species, both globally distributed or with a more limited distribution, morphologically similar and characterised by different physiological and behavioural traits, which affect their ability as vectors. in many european countries, cx. pipiens and its sibling species culex torrentiu ... | 2016 | 26741494 |
| survivorship and fecundity of culex pipiens pallens feeding on flowering plants and seed pods with differential preferences. | adult mosquitoes rely on ingestion of sugar from plants to survive, swarm and mate. culex pipiens pallens coguillett is the primary vector of lymphatic filariasis and epidemic encephalitis. little is known about the effect of feeding on different sugar sources on the survivorship and fecundity of cx. pipiens pallens. in the present study, newly emerged mosquitoes were exposed to several flowering plant and seed pod species with different olfactory preferences, and the survival times of mosquitoe ... | 2016 | 26739652 |
| the neurotranscriptome of the aedes aegypti mosquito. | a complete genome sequence and the advent of genome editing open up non-traditional model organisms to mechanistic genetic studies. the mosquito aedes aegypti is an important vector of infectious diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and yellow fever and has a large and complex genome, which has slowed annotation efforts. we used comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of adult gene expression to improve the genome annotation and to provide a detailed tissue-specific catalogue of neural gene expre ... | 2016 | 26738925 |
| bioactivity and laundering resistance of five commercially available, factory-treated permethrin-impregnated fabrics for the prevention of mosquito-borne diseases: the need for a standardized testing and licensing procedure. | personal protective measures against hematophagous vectors constitute the first line of defense against arthropod-borne diseases. in this regard, a major advance has been the development of residual insecticides that can be impregnated into clothing. currently, however, information on specific treatment procedures, initial insecticide concentrations, arthropod toxicity, residual activity, and laundering resistance is either fragmentary or non-existent, and no world health organization pesticides ... | 2016 | 26738734 |
| sex-specific gene expression in the mosquito culex pipiens f. molestus in response to artificial light at night. | artificial light at night (alan) is a typical feature of urban areas and most organisms living in urban or suburban habitats are exposed to low levels of alan. light is one of the most important environmental cues that organisms use to regulate their activities. studies have begun to quantify the influence of alan on the behavior and ecology of organisms, but research on the effects at the molecular level remains limited. mosquitoes in the culex pipiens complex (diptera, culicidae) are widesprea ... | 2016 | 26728786 |
| correction: west nile virus surveillance in 2013 via mosquito screening in northern italy and the influence of weather on virus circulation. | 2015 | 26717413 | |
| metabolites from nematophagous fungi and nematicidal natural products from fungi as an alternative for biological control. part i: metabolites from nematophagous ascomycetes. | plant-parasitic nematodes are estimated to cause global annual losses of more than us$ 100 billion. the number of registered nematicides has declined substantially over the last 25 years due to concerns about their non-specific mechanisms of action and hence their potential toxicity and likelihood to cause environmental damage. environmentally beneficial and inexpensive alternatives to chemicals, which do not affect vertebrates, crops, and other non-target organisms, are therefore urgently requi ... | 2015 | 26715220 |
| fitness cost in field and laboratory aedes aegypti populations associated with resistance to the insecticide temephos. | the continued use of chemical insecticides in the context of the national program of dengue control in brazil has generated a high selective pressure on the natural populations of aedes aegypti, leading to their resistance to these compounds in the field. fitness costs have been described as adaptive consequences of resistance. this study evaluated the biological and reproductive performance of a. aegypti strains and a field population resistant to temephos, the main larvicide used for controlli ... | 2015 | 26715037 |