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the effectiveness of lactobacillus beverages in controlling infections among the residents of an aged care facility: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind trial.to clarify the usefulness of lactobacillus casei strain shirota (lcs)-fermented milk in the normalization of bowel movements and improvement of infection control for the elderly residents and staff of facilities for the elderly.201626599038
does short-term high dose probiotic supplementation containing lactobacillus casei attenuate exertional-heat stress induced endotoxaemia and cytokinaemia?the study aimed to determine if short-term high dose probiotic supplementation containing lactobacillus casei (l.casei) attenuates the commonly reported exertional-heat stress (ehs) induced endotoxinaemia and cytokinaemia. eight endurance trained male volunteers (mean± sd: age 26 ± 6 y, nude body mass 70.2 ± 8.8 kg, height 1.75 ± 0.05 m, vo2max 59 ± 5 ml·kg-1·min-1) completed a blinded randomized cross-over design, whereby oral ingestion of a commercially available probiotic beverage containing ...201626568577
isolation, identification and partial characterization of a lactobacillus casei strain with bile salt hydrolase activity from pulque.the aim of this study was to isolate, from pulque, lactobacillus spp. capable of survival in simulated gastrointestinal stress conditions. nine gram-positive rods were isolated; however, only one strain (j57) shared identity with lactobacillus and was registered as lactobacillus casei j57 (genbank accession: jn182264). the other strains were identified as bacillus spp. the most significant observation during the test of tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions (acidity, gastric juice a ...201526566892
selection, characterisation and evaluation of potential probiotic lactobacillus spp. isolated from poultry droppings.aim of the present study was to characterise and evaluate probiotic potential of lactobacilli isolated from indigenous poultry. lactobacilli were isolated from poultry droppings and identified by genus specific polymerase chain reaction and 16s rrna gene sequencing. isolates were characterised in vitro by their ability to tolerate low ph and bile salts, phytase activity, antimicrobial activity, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and autoaggregation and coaggregation with poultry gut pathogens. i ...201626565086
β-glucan as an encapsulating agent: effect on probiotic survival in simulated gastrointestinal tract.three strains of probiotics lactobacillus casei, lactobacillus brevis, and lactobacillus plantarum were encapsulated in β-glucan matrix using emulsion technique. further the encapsulated cells were studied for their tolerance in simulated gastrointestinal conditions and its storage stability. the average encapsulation efficiency of β-glucan-probiotic beads was found to be 74.01%. the surface morphology of β-glucan containing bacteria was studied using sem. the noteworthy absorptions in the ft-ir ...201626562556
heterologous expression of mannanase and developing a new reporter gene system in lactobacillus casei and escherichia coli.reporter gene systems are useful for studying bacterial molecular biology, including the regulation of gene expression and the histochemical analysis of protein products. here, two genes, β-1,4-mannanase (manb) from bacillus pumilus and β-glucuronidase (gusa) from escherichia coli k12, were cloned into the expression vector pelx1. the expression patterns of these reporter genes in lactobacillus casei were investigated by measuring their enzymatic activities and estimating their recombinant prote ...201526562012
the effect of lactobacillus casei extract on cervical cancer cell lines.lactobacillus casei (l. casei) has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of several types of cancer in vivo, but its effect on cervical cells has not been reported. we incubated cells of the human cervical cell lines caski and hela with extracts of l. casei and investigated its effects on the growth of the cells and possible synergy with anticancer drugs.201526557779
the extracellular wall-bound β-n-acetylglucosaminidase from lactobacillus casei is involved in the metabolism of the human milk oligosaccharide lacto-n-triose.human milk oligosaccharides (hmos) are considered to play a key role in establishing and maintaining the infant gut microbiota. lacto-n-triose forms part of both type 1 and type 2 hmos and also of the glycan moieties of glycoproteins. upstream of the previously characterized gene cluster involved in lacto-n-biose and galacto-n-biose metabolism from lactobacillus casei bl23, there are two genes, bnag and mana, encoding a β-n-acetylglucosaminidase precursor and a mannose-6-phosphate isomerase, res ...201526546429
effect of milk fermentation by kefir grains and selected single strains of lactic acid bacteria on the survival of mycobacterium bovis bcg.mycobacterium bovis that causes bovine tuberculosis (btb) can be transmitted to humans thought consumption of raw and raw fermented milk products from diseased animals. lactic acid bacteria (lab) used in popular traditional milk products in africa produce anti-microbial compounds that inhibit some pathogenic and spoilage bacteria. m. bovis bcg is an attenuated non-pathogenic vaccine strain of m. bovis and the aim of the study was to determine the effect of the fermentation process on the surviva ...201626544204
lactic acid fermentation, urea and lime addition: promising faecal sludge sanitizing methods for emergency sanitation.in this research, three faecal sludge sanitizing methods-lactic acid fermentation, urea treatment and lime treatment-were studied for application in emergency situations. these methods were investigated by undertaking small scale field trials with pit latrine sludge in blantyre, malawi. hydrated lime was able to reduce the e. coli count in the sludge to below the detectable limit within 1 h applying a ph > 11 (using a dosage from 7% to 17% w/w, depending faecal sludge alkalinity), urea treatment ...201526528995
manufacture of probiotic minas frescal cheese with lactobacillus casei zhang.in this study, the addition of lactobacillus casei zhang in the manufacture of minas frescal cheese was investigated. minas frescal cheeses supplemented with probiotic bacteria (lactobacillus casei zhang) were produced by enzymatic coagulation and direct acidification and were subjected to physicochemical (ph, proteolysis, lactic acid, and acetic acid), microbiological (probiotic and lactic bacteria counts), and rheological analyses (uniaxial compression and creep test), instrumental color deter ...201626519974
il-1 signaling is critically required in stromal cells in kawasaki disease vasculitis mouse model: role of both il-1α and il-1β.kawasaki disease (kd) is the most common cause of acute vasculitis and acquired cardiac disease among us children. we have previously shown that both tlr2/myd88 and interleukin (il)-1β signaling are required for the lactobacillus casei cell wall extract-induced kd vasculitis mouse model. the objectives of this study were to investigate the cellular origins of il-1 production, the role of cd11c(+) dendritic cells and macrophages, and the relative contribution of hematopoietic and stromal cells fo ...201526515418
does the scientific evidence support the advertising claims made for products containing lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium lactis? a systematic review.to analyse the scientific evidence that exists for the advertising claims made for two products containing lactobacillus casei and bifidobacterium lactis and to conduct a comparison between the published literature and what is presented in the corporate website.201626515088
lactobacillus casei shirota supplementation does not restore gut microbiota composition and gut barrier in metabolic syndrome: a randomized pilot study.metabolic syndrome is associated with disturbances in gut microbiota composition. we aimed to investigate the effect of lactobacillus casei shirota (lcs) on gut microbiota composition, gut barrier integrity, intestinal inflammation and serum bile acid profile in metabolic syndrome. in a single-centre, prospective, randomised controlled pilot study, 28 subjects with metabolic syndrome received either lcs for 12 weeks (n = 13) or no lcs (n = 15). data were compared to healthy controls (n = 16). gu ...201526509793
catabolite responsive element deficiency of xyl operon resulting in carbon catabolite derepression in lactobacillus fermentum 1001.to explore the molecular mechanism of the carbon catabolite derepression in lactobacillus fermentum 1001 when this strain consumed xylose and glucose simultaneously.201626509553
lactobacillus plantarum lb95 impairs the virulence potential of gram-positive and gram-negative food-borne pathogens in ht-29 and vero cell cultures.listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica and verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) are amongst the most important agents responsible for food outbreaks occurring worldwide. in this work, two lactobacillus spp. strains (labs), lactobacillus plantarum (lb95) and lactobacillus paraplantarum (lb13), previously isolated from spontaneously fermenting olive brines, and two reference probiotic strains, lactobacillus casei shirota and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, were investigated for their ability ...201626506821
randomized in vivo evaluation of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy on deciduous carious dentin.the aim of this randomized in vivo study was to compare antimicrobial chemotherapies in primary carious dentin. thirty-two participants ages 5 to 7 years underwent partial caries removal from deep carious dentin lesions in primary molars and were subsequently divided into three groups: control [chlorhexidine and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (rmgic)], ledtb [photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (pact) with light-emitting diode associated with toluidine blue solution and rmgic], and lmb ...201526502235
intestinal microbiota profiles of healthy pre-school and school-age children and effects of probiotic supplementation.this study aims to establish the baseline profile of intestinal microbiota in pre-school and school-age japanese children and to investigate the effects of a probiotic on the microbiota.201526496372
effect of supplementation of fermented milk drink containing probiotic lactobacillus casei shirota on the concentrations of aflatoxin biomarkers among employees of universiti putra malaysia: a randomised, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study.human exposure to aflatoxin is through the diet, and probiotics are able to bind aflatoxin and prevent its absorption in the small intestine. this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a fermented milk drink containing lactobacillus casei shirota (lcs) (probiotic drink) to prevent aflatoxin absorption and reduce serum aflatoxin b1-lysine adduct (afb1-lys) and urinary aflatoxin m1 concentrations. the present study was a randomised, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled study with t ...201626490018
high-dose probiotic supplementation containing lactobacillus casei for 7 days does not enhance salivary antimicrobial protein responses to exertional heat stress compared with placebo.the study aimed to determine whether high-dose probiotic supplementation containing lactobacillus casei (l. casei) for 7 consecutive days enhances salivary antimicrobial protein (s-amp) responses to exertional-heat stress (ehs). eight endurance-trained male volunteers (age 26 ± 6 years, nude body mass 70.2 ± 8.8 kg, height 1.75 ± 0.05 m, vo2max 59 ± 5 ml·kg-1·min-1 [m ± sd]) completed a blinded randomized and counterbalanced crossover design. oral supplementation of the probiotic beverage (pro; ...201626479711
the incidence of furcation region patency in molars before and after simulated periodontal therapy.to determine if there is increased bacterial communication through the furcation region in molar teeth after simulated periodontal therapy.201526477078
genomic diversity of phages infecting probiotic strains of lactobacillus paracasei.strains of the lactobacillus casei group have been extensively studied because some are used as probiotics in foods. conversely, their phages have received much less attention. we analyzed the complete genome sequences of five l. paracasei temperate phages: cl1, cl2, ilp84, ilp1308, and ia2. only phage ia2 could not replicate in an indicator strain. the genome lengths ranged from 34,155 bp (ia2) to 39,474 bp (cl1). phages ia2 and ilp1308 (34,176 bp) possess the smallest genomes reported, thus fa ...201526475105
efficacy of lactobacillus casei shirota for patients with irritable bowel syndrome.meta-analyses point to a modest but significant effect of probiotics on symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome (ibs). we aimed to assess the effect of the probiotic lactobacillus casei shirota (lcs) on symptoms and quality of life in ibs patients in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study.201626469356
short communication: no antimicrobial effects from one source of commercial dried distillers grains with solubles.because residual antibiotics in dried distillers grains with solubles (ddgs) could lead to inadvertent feeding of antibiotics to animals, the objective of our study was to determine if a commercial ddgs contained antibiotics. the ddgs used in a feeding study, and milk from cows fed the ddgs, were below the detection limits for at least 17 antibiotics. additionally, we evaluated if ddgs had any antimicrobial effect against salmonella typhimurium, listeria innocua, escherichia coli atcc 25922, sta ...201526454305
comparative study of probiotic ice cream and probiotic drink on salivary streptococcus mutans levels in 6-12 years age group children.dental caries is one of the most common health problems in the world. probiotics are one the various preventive methods to reduce dental caries. the aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of probiotic ice cream and drink on salivary streptococcus mutans levels in children of 6-12 years age group.201526435616
effect of probiotic supplement on cytokine levels in hiv-infected individuals: a preliminary study.inflammation persists in patients infected with hiv. reduction of inflammatory cytokines and microbial translocation might be one way that this could be managed.201526426044
daily intake of fermented milk with lactobacillus casei strain shirota reduces the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infections in healthy middle-aged office workers.although several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of probiotics for preventing upper respiratory tract infections (urtis) in at-risk populations, including children and the elderly, few studies have investigated the efficacy of probiotics in healthy adults living normal, everyday lives. thus, we tried to evaluate the effects of lactobacillus casei strain shirota-fermented milk (lcs-fm) on the incidence of urtis in healthy middle-aged office workers.201726419583
modulation of lactobacillus casei bacteriophage a2 lytic/lysogenic cycles by binding of gp25 to the early lytic mrna.the genetic switch of lactobacillus casei bacteriophage a2 is regulated by the ci protein, which represses the early lytic promoter pr and cro that abolishes expression from the lysogenic promoter pl . lysogens contain equivalent ci and cro-gp25 mrna concentrations, i.e., ci only partially represses p(r), predicting a lytic cycle dominance. however, a2 generates stable lysogens. this may be due to gp25 binding to the cro-gp25 mrna between the ribosomal binding site and the cro start codon, which ...201626417647
the use of date waste for lactic acid production by a fed-batch culture using lactobacillus casei subsp. rhamnosus.the production of lactic acid from date juice by lactobacillus caseisubsp. rhamnosus in batch and fed-batch cultures has been investigated. the fed-batch culture system gave better results for lactic acid production and volumetric productivity. the aim of this work is to determine the effects of the feeding rate and the concentration of the feeding medium containing date juice glucose on the cell growth, the consumption of glucose and the lactic acid production by lactobacillus casei subsp. rham ...201726413076
amelioration of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis by orally administered probiotics in a mouse model.intestinal mucositis is a frequently encountered side effect in oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy. no well-established or up to date therapeutic strategies are available. to study a novel way to alleviate mucositis, we investigate the effects and safety of probiotic supplementation in ameliorating 5-fu-induced intestinal mucositis in a mouse model.201526406888
antigenotoxic activity of lactic acid bacteria, prebiotics, and products of their fermentation against selected mutagens.dietary components such as lactic acid bacteria (lab) and prebiotics can modulate the intestinal microbiota and are thought to be involved in the reduction of colorectal cancer risk. the presented study measured, using the comet assay, the antigenotoxic activity of both probiotic and non-probiotic lab, as well as some prebiotics and the end-products of their fermentation, against fecal water (fw). the production of short chain fatty acids by the bacteria was quantified using hplc. seven out of t ...201526404012
anticariogenic activity and phytochemical studies of crude extract from some indian plant leaves.the aim was to screen the selected indian plants for their antibacterial efficacy against four cariogenic bacteria lactobacillus acidophilus (la)(microbial type culture collection [mtcc]-*447), lactobacillus casei (lc) (mtcc-1423), streptococcus mutans (smu) (mtcc-890) and staphylococcus aureus (mtcc-96). to identify and characterize active principle present in these plants for the treatment of dental caries.201726401353
evaluation of newly isolated probiotics in the protection against experimental intestinal trichinellosis.the potential use of probiotics in controlling enteric infections has generated tremendous interest in the last decade. the protective efficacy of seven oral doses of two newly isolated egyptian probiotic strains; lactobacillus acidophilus p110 (l. acidophilus) and lactobacillus plantarum p164 (l. plantarum) versus lactobacillus casei atcc 7469 (l. casei) - against experimental intestinal trichinellosis - was assessed via parasitological, immunological and histopathological parameters, after ver ...201526386829
expression of bifidobacterial phytases in lactobacillus casei and their application in a food model of whole-grain sourdough bread.phytases are enzymes capable of sequentially dephosphorylating phytic acid to products of lower chelating capacity and higher solubility, abolishing its inhibitory effect on intestinal mineral absorption. genetic constructions were made for expressing two phytases from bifidobacteria in lactobacillus casei under the control of a nisin-inducible promoter. l. casei was able of producing, exporting and anchoring to the cell wall the phytase of bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum. the phytase from bif ...201626384212
regulation of eps production in lactobacillus casei lc2w through metabolic engineering.lactobacillus casei lc2w is an exopolysaccharide(eps)-producing strain with probiotic effects. the low efficiency and unclear regulation mechanism of eps biosynthesis have become main constraints for its application in food industry. to investigate the major rate-limiting factors of eps biosynthesis and to improve its yield, metabolic engineering was applied to this strain. eight relevant genes related to central metabolism, sugar-nucleotides supply, glycosyltransferase and cofactor engineering ...201526370507
identification of an antibacterial protein by functional screening of a human oral metagenomic library.screening of a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library containing metagenomic dna from human plaque and saliva allowed the isolation of four clones producing antimicrobial activity. three of these were pigmented and encoded homologues of glutamyl-trna reductase (glutr), an enzyme involved in the c5 pathway leading to tetrapyrole synthesis, and one clone had antibacterial activity with no pigmentation. the latter contained a bac with an insert of 15.6 kb. initial attempts to localize the ge ...201526347298
use of pistacia terebinthus resin as immobilization support for lactobacillus casei cells and application in selected dairy products.resin from pistacia terebinthus tree was used for the immobilization of l. casei atcc 393 cells. the encapsulated l. casei cells biocatalysts were added as adjuncts during yogurt production at 45 °c and probiotic viability was assessed during storage at 4 °c. for comparison reasons yogurt with free l. casei cells were prepared. the effect of encapsulated bacteria as adjuncts in yogurt on ph, lactic acid, lactose and other physicochemical parameters were studied for 60 storage days at 4 °c. sampl ...201526344983
screening of immunomodulatory and adhesive lactobacillus with antagonistic activities against salmonella from fermented vegetables.the purpose of this study was to select strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab) by their in vitro adhesive and immunomodulatory properties for potential use as probiotics. in this study, 16 randomly selected lab strains from fermented vegetables (sauerkraut, bean and cabbage) were first screened for their tolerance to acid, bile salts, pepsin and pancreatin, bacterial inhibitory activities and abilities to adherence to caco-2 cells. then, 4 strains with the highest adhesion abilities were selected ...201526340935
assessment of in vitro oxalate degradation by lactobacillus species cultured from veterinary probiotics.to culture lactobacillus spp from veterinary probiotics and measure their in vitro oxalate-degrading capacity.201526309108
effect of over-the-counter fluoridated products regimens on root caries inhibition.this study aimed to evaluate the effect of fluoridated dentifrice (fd) and mouthwash (fm) under different treatment regimens on root caries (rc) inhibition.201526299400
clinical characteristics of bacteraemia caused by lactobacillus spp. and antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates at a medical centre in taiwan, 2000-2014.the clinical characteristics of 89 patients with lactobacillus bacteraemia treated at a university-affiliated hospital in northern taiwan during 2000-2014 were retrospectively evaluated. lactobacillus spp. were identified by 16s rrna sequencing analysis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof/ms). antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolates were determined by broth microdilution. the most commonly isolated species was lactobacillus salivariu ...201526298673
lactobacillus casei stimulates phase-ii detoxification system and rescues malathion-induced physiological impairments in caenorhabditis elegans.malathion, an organophosphorus insecticide, is renowned for its inhibitory action on acetylcholinesterase (ache) enzyme that eventually leads to widespread disturbance in the normal physiological and behavioral activities of any organism. lactic acid bacteria (lab) are still an underexploited and inexhaustible source of significant pharmaceutical thrust. in the present study, caenorhabditis elegans was employed to identify and characterize the indigenous lab isolated from different traditional f ...201626297616
investigation of the oral status and microorganisms in children with phenylketonuria and type 1 diabetes.the aim of this study was to investigate the oral parameters that influence the caries risk and risk of developing periodontal disease in children with phenylketonuria (pku) and type 1 diabetes compared to healthy children.201626297129
influence of ensiling, exogenous protease addition, and bacterial inoculation on fermentation profile, nitrogen fractions, and ruminal in vitro starch digestibility in rehydrated and high-moisture corn.exogenous protease addition may be an option to increase proteolysis of zein proteins and thus starch digestibility in rehydrated and high-moisture corn (hmc) ensiled for short periods. in addition, microbial inoculation may accelerate fermentation and increase acid production and thus increase solubilization of zein proteins. four experiments were performed to evaluate the effect on fermentation profile, n fractions, and ruminal in vitro starch digestibility (ivsd) of the following: (1) rehydra ...201526277311
antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of tetradenia riparia (hochst.) codd. (lamiaceae) against cariogenic bacteria.in brazilian folk medicine, tetradenia riparia (hochst.) codd. (lamiaceae) is used to treat toothaches and dental abscesses and diseases induced by worms, bacteria, or fungi. this paper aims to investigate the chemical composition and the antibacterial effects of the essential oil obtained from tetradenia riparia leaves (tr-eo) grown in southeastern brazil against a representative panel of oral pathogens. we evaluated the antibacterial activity of tr-eo in terms of the minimal inhibitory concent ...201526273268
biofilm formation and ethanol inhibition by bacterial contaminants of biofuel fermentation.bacterial contaminants can inhibit ethanol production in biofuel fermentations, and even result in stuck fermentations. contaminants may persist in production facilities by forming recalcitrant biofilms. a two-year longitudinal study was conducted of bacterial contaminants from a midwestern dry grind corn fuel ethanol facility. among eight sites sampled in the facility, the combined liquefaction stream and yeast propagation tank were consistently contaminated, leading to contamination of early f ...201526255598
incorporation of lactobacillus adjuncts culture to improve the quality of feta-type cheese made using buffalo milk.feta-type cheese was made from buffalo milk using commercial adjunct culture of lactobacillus helveticus and lactobacillus casei along with standard mesophillic cheese cultures. the sensory, biochemical and texture characteristics of the experimental cheeses were studied during ripening. expert panellists observed, significant differences (p < 0.01) between the control and the experimental cheeses. the ph, titratable acidity, soluble protein and free fatty acid content of the experimental cheese ...201526243922
quantity of selected probiotic cultures in semi-hard cheese with low-cooking curd during the maturation process.the work studies the survival of added selected probiotic bacteria lactobacillus acidophilus (s1), lactobacillus casei (s2), and lactobacillus plantarum96 (s3) in semi-hard cheese with low-cooking curd during the maturation process. cheeses were made according to the standard procedure (polyfood si 050 device). probiotic lactobacilli strains lactobacillus acidophilus (s1), lactobacillus casei (s2), and lactobacillus plantarum96 (s3) used in this study were added into the milk before the rennetin ...201526243891
in vitro activity of tea tree oil vaginal suppositories against candida spp. and probiotic vaginal microbiota.the aim of this work is to evaluate the in vitro microbicidal activity of vaginal suppositories (vs) containing tea tree oil (tto-vs) towards candida spp. and vaginal probiotics. a total of 20 candida spp. strains, taken from patients with vaginitis and from an established type collection, including reference strains, were analysed by using the clsi microdilution method. to study the action of vs towards the beneficial vaginal microbiota, the sensitivity of bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis ...201526235937
mucosally administered lactobacillus surface-displayed influenza antigens (sm2 and ha2) with cholera toxin subunit a1 (cta1) induce broadly protective immune responses against divergent influenza subtypes.the development of a universal influenza vaccine that provides broad cross protection against existing and unforeseen influenza viruses is a critical challenge. in this study, we constructed and expressed conserved sm2 and ha2 influenza antigens with cholera toxin subunit a1 (cta1) on the surface of lactobacillus casei (pgsa-cta1sm2ha2/l. casei). oral and nasal administrations of recombinant l. casei into mice resulted in high levels of serum immunoglobulin g (igg) and their isotypes (igg1 & igg ...201526210951
probiotics promote rapid-turnover protein production by restoring gut flora in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.accumulating evidence suggests that deterioration of the gut flora contributes to the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver cirrhosis (alc). however, the alc flora profile and its response to probiotic treatment have not been fully examined. this double-blind placebo-controlled study aimed to evaluate whether the probiotic beverage yakult 400 (y400), which contains lactobacillus casei strain shirota, improves liver function in alc patients, and to analyze the precise gut flora profile by real-time qua ...201326201812
label-free identification of individual bacteria using fourier transform light scattering.rapid identification of bacterial species is crucial in medicine and food hygiene. in order to achieve rapid and label-free identification of bacterial species at the single bacterium level, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an optical method based on fourier transform light scattering (ftls) measurements and statistical classification. for individual rod-shaped bacteria belonging to four bacterial species (listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, lactobacillus casei, and bacillus subti ...201526193558
effect of lactobacillus casei shirota supplementation on trimethylamine-n-oxide levels in patients with metabolic syndrome: an open-label, randomized study.recent studies in animal models have shown a link between ingestion of dietary phosphatidylcholine (pc), choline, l-carnitine and cardiovascular risk. intestinal microbiota-dependent metabolism of pc and l-carnitine is involved in formation of trimethylamine (tma), which is further metabolized to the proatherogenic compound trimethylamine-n-oxide (tmao). it has been suggested that changes in gut microbiota by supplementation of probiotic drinks might alter tmao levels. hence, the aim of this ana ...201526188537
enteric coated spheres produced by extrusion/spheronization provide effective gastric protection and efficient release of live therapeutic bacteria.we present a novel but simple enteric coated sphere formulation containing probiotic bacteria (lactobacillus casei). oral delivery of live bacterial cells (lbc) requires live cells to survive firstly manufacturing processes and secondly gi microbicidal defenses including gastric acid. we incorporated live l. casei directly in the granulation liquid, followed by granulation, extrusion, spheronization, drying and spray coating to produce dried live probiotic spheres. a blend of mcc, calcium-crossl ...201526188314
impact of non-starter lactobacilli on release of peptides with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities during bovine milk fermentation.this study aimed at evaluating non-starter lactobacilli (nslab) isolated from cheeses for their proteolytic activity and capability to produce fermented milk enriched in angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace)-inhibitory and antioxidant peptides. preliminarily, 34 nslab from parmigiano reggiano (pr) and 5 from pecorino siciliano cheeses were screened based on their capacity to hydrolyze milk proteins. two nslab strains from pr, lactobacillus casei pra205 and lactobacillus rhamnosus pra331, showed th ...201526187835
modified chemically defined medium for enhanced respiratory growth of lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus plantarum groups.members of the lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus plantarum groups are capable of aerobic and respiratory growth. however, they grow poorly in aerobiosis in the currently available chemically defined media, suggesting that aerobic and respiratory growth require further supplementation.201526178377
attenuation of colitis by lactobacillus casei bl23 is dependent on the dairy delivery matrix.the role of the food delivery matrix in probiotic performance in the intestine is not well understood. because probiotics are often provided to consumers in dairy products, we investigated the contributions of milk to the health-benefiting performance of lactobacillus casei bl23 in a dextran sulfate sodium (dss)-induced murine model of ulcerative colitis. l. casei bl23 protected against the development of colitis when ingested in milk but not in a nutrient-free buffer simulating consumption as a ...201526162873
antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of plectranthus neochilus against cariogenic bacteria.this work used the broth microdilution method to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil obtained from the leaves of plectranthus neochilus (pn-eo) against a representative panel of oral pathogens. we assessed the antimicrobial activity of this oil in terms of the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic). pn-eo displayed moderate activity against enterococcus faecalis (mic = 250 μg/ml) and streptococcus salivarus (mic = 250 μg/ml), significant activity against streptococcus sob ...201526161115
pts-mediated regulation of the transcription activator mtlr from different species: surprising differences despite strong sequence conservation.the hexitol d-mannitol is transported by many bacteria via a phosphoenolpyruvate (pep):carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (pts). in most firmicutes, the transcription activator mtlr controls the expression of the genes encoding the d-mannitol-specific pts components and d-mannitol-1-p dehydrogenase. mtlr contains an n-terminal helix-turn-helix motif followed by an mga-like domain, two pts regulation domains (prds), an eiib(gat)- and an eiia(mtl)-like domain. the four regulatory domains are t ...201526159071
antioxidant properties of fermented mango leaf extracts.antioxidant properties of mango (mangifera indica) leaves were evaluated. hydroalcoholic leaf extracts that were lyophilized were subsequently fermented with either lactobacillus casei or effective microorganisms (em) such as probiotic bacteria and/or other anaerobic organisms. antioxidant properties were measured as a function of the mango leaf extract concentration in the fermentation broth. tests for radical scavenging using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical showed higher antioxidant ...201526152044
lactobacillus casei low-temperature, dairy-associated proteome promotes persistence in the mammalian digestive tract.we found that incubation of probiotic lactobacillus casei bl23 in milk at 4 °c prior to ingestion increased its survival in the mammalian digestive tract. to investigate the specific molecular adaptations of l. casei to milk, we used tandem mass spectrometry to compare proteins produced by l. casei bl23 at 4 °c in milk to those in exponential and stationary phase cells in laboratory culture medium at either 37 or 4 °c. these comparisons revealed a core of expressed l. casei proteins as well as p ...201526148687
anti-proliferative effect on a colon adenocarcinoma cell line exerted by a membrane disrupting antimicrobial peptide kl15.the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of an antimicrobial peptide (amp) kl15 obtained through in silico modification on the sequences of 2 previously identified bacteriocins m2163 and m2386 from lactobacillus casei atcc 334 by us have been studied. while significant bactericidal effect on the pathogenic bacteria listeria, escherichia, bacillus, staphylococcus, enterococcus is exerted by kl15, the amp can also kill 2 human adenocarcinoma cells sw480 and caco-2 with measured ic50 as 50 μg/ml ...201526147829
microbial cell-free extracts as sources of enzyme activities to be used for enhancement flavor development of ewe milk cheese.freeze-dried cell-free extracts (cfe) from lactobacillus casei lc01, weissella cibaria 1xf5, hafnia alvei moller atcc 51815, and debaryomyces hansenii lcf-558 were used as sources of enzyme activities for conditioning the ripening of ewe milk cheese. compared with control cheese (cc), cfe did not affect the gross composition and the growth of the main microbial groups of the cheeses. as shown through urea-page electrophoresis of the ph 4.6-soluble nitrogen fraction and the analysis of free aa, t ...201526142846
effect of refrigerated storage on probiotic viability and the production and stability of antimutagenic and antioxidant peptides in yogurt supplemented with pineapple peel.fruit by-products are good resources of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, which may function as growth nutrients for probiotic bacteria. this research aimed at evaluating effects of pineapple peel powder addition on the viability and activity of lactobacillus acidophilus (atcc 4356), lactobacillus casei (atcc393), and lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei (atcc baa52) in yogurts throughout storage at 4°c for 28d. plain and probiotic yogurts supplemented with or without pineapple ...201526142843
isolation and characterization of a novel virulent phage of lactobacillus casei atcc 393.a new virulent phage (lcb) of lactobacillus casei atcc 393 was isolated from chinese sauerkraut. it was specific to l. casei atcc 393. electron micrograph revealed that it had an icosahedral head (60.2 ± 0.8 nm in diameter) and a long tail (251 ± 2.6 nm). it belonged to the siphoviridae family. the genome of phage lcb was estimated to be approximately 40 kb and did not contain cohesive ends. one-step growth kinetics of its lytic development revealed latent and burst periods of 75 and 45 min, res ...201526123178
the role of beneficial bacteria wall elasticity in regulating innate immune response.probiotics have great potential to contribute to development of healthy dietary regimes, preventive care, and an integrated approach to immunity-related disease management. the bacterial wall is a dynamic entity, depending on many components and playing an essential role in modulating immune response. the impact of cell wall elasticity on the beneficial effects of probiotic strains has not been sufficiently studied. the aim was to investigate the effect of lactic acid bacteria (lab) and bifidoba ...201526110044
secretory expression of a phospholipase a2 from lactobacillus casei dsm20011 in kluyveromyces lactis.the pla2 gene encoding a phospholipase a2 (ec 3.1.1.4) of lactobacillus casei dsm20011 was cloned and expressed in the yeast kluyveromyces lactis gg799 successfully for the first time. the structural pla2 gene fused in frame with the k. lactis secretion signal α-mating factor was integrated into the lac4 locus and expressed under the control of the lac4 promoter. spla2 activity was detected in the culture supernatant during shake flask culture of k. lactis/pklac1-pla2. in comparison with the con ...201526108160
cracking streptococcus thermophilus to stimulate the growth of the probiotic lactobacillus casei in co-culture.lactobacillus casei, a probiotic, and streptococcus thermophilus, a fast acidifying lactic acid bacterial strain, are both used in the food industry. the aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between l. casei and s. thermophilus in the presence or absence of s. thermophilus-specific bacteriophage during milk fermentation. the acidification capability of l. casei co-cultured with s. thermophilus was significantly higher than that observed for l. casei or s. thermophilus cultured al ...201526093989
microbial biofilms for the removal of cu²⁺ from cmp wastewater.the modern semiconductor industry relies heavily on a process known as chemical mechanical planarization, which uses physical and chemical processes to remove excess material from the surface of silicon wafers during microchip fabrication. this process results in large volumes of wastewater containing dissolved metals including copper (cu(2+)), which must then be filtered and treated before release into municipal waste systems. we have investigated the potential use of bacterial and fungal bioma ...201526093466
biological and bactericidal properties of ag-doped bioactive glass in a natural extracellular matrix hydrogel with potential application in dentistry.the aim of this study was the fabrication and evaluation of a novel bioactive and bactericidal material, which could have applications in dentistry by supporting tissue regeneration and killing oral bacteria. our hypothesis was that a new scaffold for pulp-dentin tissue engineering with enhanced antibacterial activity could be obtained by associating extracellular matrix derived from porcine bladder with an antibacterial bioactive glass. our study combines in vitro approaches and ectopic implant ...201526091732
low efficacy of levofloxacin-doxycycline-based third-line triple therapy for helicobacter pylori eradication in italy.to evaluate a levofloxacin-doxycycline-based triple therapy with or without a susceptibility culture test in non-responders to helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) eradication.201526074708
effects of baseplates of orthodontic appliances with in situ generated silver nanoparticles on cariogenic bacteria: a randomized, double-blind cross-over clinical trial.polymethyl-methacrylate (pmma) is commonly used primarily for baseplates of orthodontic appliances (boa). the activities of cariogenic bacteria in biofilm on these surfaces may contribute to dental caries, gingival inflammation and periodontal disease. the pmma incorporated with nanoparticles of silver (nanoag-i-pmma) and nanoag in situ in pmma (nanoag-is-pmma) have been shown to control the growth of cariogenic bacteria, but clinical trial of anti-cariogenic application of these novel materials ...201526067732
study of lactic acid bacteria community from raw milk of iranian one humped camel and evaluation of their probiotic properties.camel milk is amongst valuable food sources in iran. on the other hand, due to the presence of probiotic bacteria and bacteriocin producers in camel milk, probiotic bacteria can be isolated and identified from this food product.201526060561
lactobacillus casei crl 431 administration decreases inflammatory cytokines in a diet-induced obese mouse model.obesity is a chronic disease associated with an inflammatory process in which cytokines play an important role. probiotic microorganisms have been associated with modulation of the host immune system. the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the probiotic bacterium lactobacillus casei crl 431 on the cytokine response in a model of mice under high-fat diet (hfd) conditions.201526059375
the dnaj gene as a molecular discriminator to differentiate among species and strain within the lactobacillus casei group.identifying lactobacillus casei and its closely related taxa at the species and strain level using only phenotypic and genotypic (16s rdna sequence homology analysis) techniques often yields inaccurate results. in this study, the dnaj chaperone gene was investigated as a molecular target for inter- and intraspecies discrimination within the lb. casei group as well as for the development of specific primers for species identification. the results showed that most of the examined strains could be ...201526050941
innate immune response of pullets fed diets supplemented with prebiotics and synbiotics.prebiotics and synbiotics are considered to be among the most promising replacements for in-feed antibiotic growth promoters (agp) in poultry feed. the current study was designed to study the effect of bacitracin methylene disalicylate (bmd) (control), yeast-derived carbohydrates (ydc), and a blend of ydc and probiotics [lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus casei, streptococcus faecium, bacillus subtilis, and ydc] (snb) in the performance and innate immune response of pullets. feed intake an ...201526049802
distinctive intestinal lactobacillus communities in 6-month-old infants from rural malawi and southwestern finland.our aim was to compare the composition and diversity of lactobacillus microbiota in infants living in malawi and southwestern finland.201526049782
[effects of mono-, poly- and composite probiotics on the ulceration caused by restraint stress].it was studied the effect of probiotic strains of bifidobacterium animalis vkl, bifidobacterium animalis vkb and lactobacillus casei imvb-7280, and their mixtures on erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa (gm) of rats. gm was induced by water-immersion restraint stress. it was found that investigated probiotics did not have gastroprotective properties under a single and seven-day prophylactic administration. however, multiprobiotics (polyprobiotic bifidobacterium animalis vkl and b ...201526040033
evaluation of synergistic interactions between cell-free supernatant of lactobacillus strains and amikacin and genetamicin against pseudomonas aeruginosa.the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in the treatment of infectious diseases can increase the development of antibiotic resistance. therefore, there is a big demand for new sources of antimicrobial agents and alternative treatments for reduction of antibiotic dosage required to decrease the associated side effects.201526034539
reduction in phytic acid content and enhancement of antioxidant properties of nutricereals by processing for developing a fermented baby food.cereal blends containing pearl millet (pennisetum glaucum), sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and oat (avena sativa) in different ratios were processed (roasted and germinated) and also used as unprocessed flours followed by fermentation with lactobacillus sp. (lactobacillus casei and lactobacillus plantarum). they were screened for total phenolic content (tpc), phytic acid content (pac) and free radical scavenging activity (frsa). a formulation with the highest tpc, frsa and the lowest pac was selected ...201526028703
examination of the technological properties of newly isolated strains of the genus lactobacillus and possibilities for their application in the composition of starters.the ability of four lactobacillus strains - lactobacillus brevis lbrz7 (isolated from fermented cabbage), lactobacillus plantarum lbrz12 (isolated from fermented cabbage), lactobacillus fermentum lbrh9 (of human origin) and lactobacillus casei ssp. rhamnosus lbrc11 (isolated from home-made cheese) - to grow in flour/water environment and to accumulate high concentrations of viable cells was examined. two starters for sourdough were created for lab-scale production of wheat bread: a two-strain st ...201426019534
reduction of phytate in soy drink by fermentation with lactobacillus casei expressing phytases from bifidobacteria.plant-based food products can be modified by fermentation to improve flavour and the concentration of some biologically active compounds, but also to increase the mineral availability by eliminating anti-nutrient substances such as phytates. the objective of this study was to develop a fermented soybean drink with improved nutritional quality and source of probiotic bacteria by including as starter for fermentation lactobacillus casei strains modified to produce phytase enzymes from bifidobacter ...201526003176
biochemical analysis of respiratory metabolism in the heterofermentative lactobacillus spicheri and lactobacillus reuteri.this study evaluated the aerobic and respiratory metabolism in lactobacillus reuteri and lactobacillus spicheri, two heterofermentative species used in sourdough fermentation.201525996113
[immunogenicity of recombinant lactobacillus casei expressing vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus in chickens].in order to determine immunogenicity and protective effect in chickens, we used the ibdv (infectious bursal disease virus)-vp2/lactobacillus casei as antigen transfer system. first, the immunized and control chickens were challenged by ibdv/dq at lethal dose to determine the protective ratio. second, chickens were orallyand intranasally vaccinated twice with 10(9) cfu/ml pla-vp2/l. casei, pla/l. casei and pbs as negativecontrol and commercial vaccine as positive control. the bursa injury and the ...201425985519
acid stress suggests different determinants for polystyrene and hela cell adhesion in lactobacillus casei.adhesion has been regarded as one of the basic features of probiotics. the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of acid stress on the functional properties, such as hydrophobicity, adhesion to hela cells, and composition of membrane fatty acids, of lactobacillus probiotics strains. two strains of lactobacillus casei were used. adhesion on polystyrene, hydrophobicity, epithelial cells adhesion, and fatty acids analysis were evaluated. our results showed that the membrane properties ...201525981066
preparative scale purification of fucosyl-n-acetylglucosamine disaccharides and their evaluation as potential prebiotics and antiadhesins.fucosyl-n-acetylglucosamine disaccharides are important core structures that form part of human mucosal and milk glyco-complexes. we have previously shown that alfb and alfc α-l-fucosidases from lactobacillus casei are able to synthesize fucosyl-α-1,3--n-acetylglucosamine (fuc-α1,3-glcnac) and fucosyl-α-1,6-n-acetylglucosamine (fuc-α1,6-glcnac), respectively, in transglycosylation reactions. here, these reactions were performed in a semipreparative scale, and the produced disaccharides were puri ...201525977209
oral administration of lactobacillus casei variety rhamnosus partially alleviates tma-induced atopic dermatitis in mice through improving intestinal microbiota.the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of lactobacillus casei variety rhamnosus (lcr35) on atopic dermatitis (ad)-like symptoms in mice.201525968453
donkey milk for manufacture of novel functional fermented beverages.the aim of this work was to investigate on the functional features of a donkey milk probiotic berevage as a novel food. particularly, it was to study the decrease of lactose content and the antioxidant activity of standard yogurt (yc) and probiotic yogurt (yp; lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus casei) from donkey milk during the storage up to 30 d at 4 ºc. the evolution of lactose content using enzymatic-spectrophotometric kits was analyzed. antioxidant activity of yogurt was measured usin ...201525962497
inhibition of growth and metastasis of breast cancer in mice by milk fermented with lactobacillus casei crl 431.breast cancer is the second cause of death in women, who are especially related to uncontrolled metastasis. it was previously demonstrated that the administration of milk fermented by lactobacillus casei crl 431 [fermented milk (fm)] delayed the tumor growth in a murine breast cancer model. in this work we evaluated if the administration of fm to mice, starting when the tumor was measurable, can affect not only the tumor growth, but also the extravasation of tumor cells and the lung metastasis. ...201525962107
therapeutic effects of lactobacillus casei qian treatment in activated carbon-induced constipated mice.in the present study, the therapeutic effects of lactobacillus casei qian (lc-qian), the key microorganism in tibetan yak yoghurt, on activated carbon-induced constipation were determined in vivo. icr mice were treated with lc-qian for nine days by oral administration. the body weight, defecation status, gastrointestinal transit and defecation time of mice were assessed, and the serum levels of motilin (mtl), gastrin (gas), endothelin (et), somatostatin (ss), acetylcholinesterase (ache), substan ...201525955533
co-immunization of cattle with a vaccine against babesiosis and lactobacillus casei increases specific igg1 levels to babesia bovis and b. bigemina.the effect of lactobacillus casei administered along with a live attenuated vaccine vs. bovine babesiosis (vac) on induction of igg1 and igg2 antibodies to babesia bovis and babesia bigemina was assessed by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) in bovines of an endemic babesiosis area before (day 0) and after vaccination (days 15 and 30). we previously reported that l. casei increases the efficiency of vac under controlled conditions and under extreme conditions in the field; however, th ...201525936971
lactobacillus species: taxonomic complexity and controversial susceptibilities.the genus lactobacillus is a taxonomically complex and is composed of over 170 species that cannot be easily differentiated phenotypically and often require molecular identification. although they are part of the normal human gastrointestinal and vaginal flora, they can also be occasional human pathogens. they are extensively used in a variety of commercial products including probiotics. their antimicrobial susceptibilities are poorly defined in part because of their taxonomic complexity and are ...201525922408
a decade of experience in primary prevention of clostridium difficile infection at a community hospital using the probiotic combination lactobacillus acidophilus cl1285, lactobacillus casei lbc80r, and lactobacillus rhamnosus clr2 (bio-k+).in august 2003, the 284-bed community hospital pierre-le gardeur (plgh) in quebec experienced a major outbreak associated with the clostridium difficile nap1/027/bi strain. augmented standard preventive measures (spms) were not able to control this outbreak. it was decided in february 2004 to give to every adult inpatient on antibiotics, without any exclusion, a probiotic (bio-k+: lactobacillus acidophilus cl1285, lactobacillus casei lbc80r, and lactobacillus rhamnosus clr2) within 12 hours of t ...201525922400
lactobacillus acidophilus cl1285, lactobacillus casei lbc80r, and lactobacillus rhamnosus clr2 (bio-k+): characterization, manufacture, mechanisms of action, and quality control of a specific probiotic combination for primary prevention of clostridium difficile infection.a specific probiotic formulation composed of lactobacillus acidophilus cl1285, lactobacillus casei lbc80r, and lactobacillus rhamnosus clr2 (bio-k+) has been marketed in north america since 1996. the strains and the commercial products have been evaluated for safety, identity, gastrointestinal survival, and stability throughout shelf life. the capacity of both the fermented beverages and the capsules to reduce incidences of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and clostridium difficile infection (cdi) ...201525922399
randomized controlled study of probiotics containing lactobacillus casei (shirota strain) for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia.to evaluate the efficacy ofprobiotics, lactobacillus casei (shirvta strain), in reducing the incidence ofventilator- associated pneumonia (vap) in medical patients who received mechanical ventilation at siriraj hospital.201525920295
association between chronic use of proton pump inhibitors and small- intestinal bacterial overgrowth assessed using lactulose hydrogen breath tests.several adverse events have been reported in patients who are chronic users of proton pump inhibitors (ppis); however, the association between ppi use and small-intestinal bacterial overgrowth (sibo) is controversial. we examined the prevalence of sibo, as assessed by the lactulose hydrogen breath test (lhbt), based on the use of gastric acid-suppressive drugs in japanese patients. meth- odology: ninety-four patients who were examined by the lhbt were assessed retrospectively. we used several cr ...201525916046
an assessment of adhesion, aggregation and surface charges of lactobacillus strains derived from the human oral cavity.there is limited information concerning the adhesion and aggregation of human oral lactobacilli. in this study, the adhesion of 10 lactobacillus species was investigated using h357 oral keratinocyte cells as an in vitro model for oral mucosa. coaggregation with the representative oral pathogen, streptococcus mutans atcc 25175, and the physicochemical cell properties was also evaluated. the results demonstrated significant variations in adhesion (42-96%) and aggregation (autoaggregation, 14-95%; ...201525913304
effect of probiotic fermented milk (kefir) on glycemic control and lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.diabetes is a global health problem in the world. probiotic food has anti-diabetic property. the aim of this trial was to determine the effect of probiotic fermented milk (kefir) on glucose and lipid profile control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.201525905057
probiotic lactobacillus casei zhang reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine production and hepatic inflammation in a rat model of acute liver failure.in this study, we sought to find the effects and mechanisms of probiotic lactobacillus casei zhang (l. casei zhang) on the pro-inflammatory cytokine production and hepatic inflammatory response in a rat model of acute liver failure induced by lipopolysaccharide (lps) and d-galactosamine (galn).201625893720
amelioration of ovalbumin induced allergic symptoms in balb/c mice by potentially probiotic strains of lactobacilli.to evaluate the antiallergic effect of newly characterised probiotic strains, lactobacillus fermentum nws29, lactobacillus casei nwp08 and lactobacillus rhamnosus nwp13, mice were divided into six experimental groups: control, ovalbumin (ova), nws29, nwp08, nwp13 and l. rhamnosus gg (lgg). mice were immunised and probiotics were administered via oral gavage followed by challenge with ova. after last challenge with ova, inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf), recruitment of inf ...201525869278
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