Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| production of autoproteolytically subunit-assembled 7-beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid (gl-7aca) acylase from pseudomonas sp. c427 using a chitin-binding domain. | 7-beta-(4-carboxybutanamido)cephalosporanic acid (gl-7aca) acylase from pseudomonas sp. c427 is known as a proteolytically processed bacterial enzyme. gl-7aca acylase from pseudomonas sp. c427 (c427) consists of alpha- and beta-subunits that are processed from a precursor peptide by removing the spacer peptide. a chitin-binding domain (cbd) of chitinase a1 derived from bacillus circulans was genetically fused into four different positions of the c427-encoding gene. in the four enzymes thereby pr ... | 2004 | 15221226 |
| a chitinase indispensable for formation of protoplast of schizophyllum commune in basidiomycete-lytic enzyme preparation produced by bacillus circulans ka-304. | ka-prep, a culture filtrate of bacillus circulans ka-304 grown on a cell-wall preparation of schizophyllum commune, has an activity to form protoplasts from s. commune mycelia. alpha-1,3-glucanase, which was isolated from an ammonium sulfate fraction of 0-30% saturation of ka-prep, gave the protoplast-forming activity to an ammonium sulfate fraction of 30-50% saturation of ka-prep, which contained chitinase(s) and beta-glucanase(s) but was inactive in the protoplast formation. chitinase(s) and b ... | 2004 | 15215595 |
| enzymatic synthesis of a beta-d-galactopyranosyl cyclic tetrasaccharide by beta-galactosidases. | the galactosyl transfer reaction to cyclo-[-->6)-alpha-d-glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-d-glcp-(1-->6)-alpha-d-glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-d-glcp-(1-->] (cts) was examined using lactose as a donor and beta-galactosidases from aspergillus oryzae and bacillus circulans. the a. oryzae beta-galactosidase produced three galactosyl derivatives of cts. the main galactosyl derivative produced by the a. oryzae enzyme was identified as 6-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-cts, cyclo-[-->6)-alpha-d-glcp-(1-->3)-[beta-d-galp-(1-->6)]-al ... | 2004 | 15183734 |
| inhibition of the growth of ascosphaera apis by bacillus and paenibacillus strains isolated from honey. | the fungus ascosphaera apis, the causative agent of chalkbrood disease in honeybee larvae, occurs throughout the world and is found in many beekeeping areas of argentina. the potential as biocontrol agents of 249 aerobic spore-forming bacterial antagonists isolated from honey samples was evaluated. each isolate was screened against a. apis by a central disk test assay. ten bacterial strains that showed the best antagonistic effect to a. apis were selected for further study and identified as baci ... | 2004 | 15174751 |
| mutation of active site residues in the chitin-binding domain chbdchia1 from chitinase a1 of bacillus circulans alters substrate specificity: use of a green fluorescent protein binding assay. | a fluorescent binding assay was developed to investigate the effects of mutagenesis on the binding affinity and substrate specificity of the chitin-binding domain of chitinase a1 from bacillus circulans wl-12. the chitin-binding domain was genetically fused to the n-terminus of a green fluorescent protein, and the polyhistidine-tagged hybrid protein was expressed in escherichia coli. residues likely to be involved in the binding site were mutated and their contributions to binding and substrate ... | 2004 | 15158679 |
| expression of chitinase-encoding genes in bacillus thuringiensis and toxicity of engineered b. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai toward lymantria dispar larvae. | chitinase genes from aeromonas hydrophila and bacillus circulans no.4.1 were cloned into the plasmid phy300plk and designated as phya2 and phyb43, respectively. both plasmids were introduced into various strains of b. thuringiensis by electroporation. plasmid phyb43 was generally structurally stable, but showed lower segregrational stability than phya2 in b. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai when grown under nonselective conditions. the production of chitinase from b. thuringiensis subsp. aizawai har ... | 2004 | 15057461 |
| tight attachment of chitin-binding-domain-tagged proteins to surfaces coated with acetylated chitosan. | several excellent procedures for trapping tagged proteins have been devised, but many of these are expensive, cannot be used outside a limited ph range, fail to work in the presence of chaotropic agents, or are difficult to use. the chitin binding domain (cbd) of bacillus circulans chitinase, which binds to chitin matrices prepared from inexpensive reagents isolated from crab shells, is an alternative tag that can be used under a variety of ph and denaturing conditions. kits based on the interac ... | 2004 | 15051546 |
| formation of lacnac mimetics employing novel donor substrates for enzymatic beta 1-->4 galactosylation. | in examining c-6 modified 4-nitrophenyl beta-d-galactopyranosides as donor structures the beta-galactosidase (bacillus circulans) revealed an unexpectedly broad substrate specificity which allowed successful syntheses of various disaccharide components. | 2004 | 15034616 |
| bacillus galactosidilyticus sp. nov., an alkali-tolerant beta-galactosidase producer. | a novel bacillus isolate from raw milk and four strains from diverse origins that were identified previously as bacillus lentus, bacillus firmus and bacillus circulans showed a high degree of similarity in amplified rdna restriction analysis, sds-page and routine phenotypic tests, whilst 16s rdna sequence comparisons and dna relatedness data showed that this taxon was different from related bacillus species. on the basis of these data, bacillus galactosidilyticus sp. nov. is proposed, with the t ... | 2004 | 15023985 |
| antiamylase-pullulanase enzyme monoclonals which specifically inhibit amylase or pullulanase activity. | monoclonal antibodies against amylase-pullulanase enzyme from bacillus circulans f-2 have been produced to locate and characterize the catalytic sites of the enzyme. the antibodies have been examined for inhibition of both enzyme activities of amylase and pullulanase and then classified into four types: type i which inhibited amylase activity, type ii which inhibited pullulanase activity, type iii which inhibited both enzyme activities, and type iv which had no effect on either enzyme activity. ... | 2004 | 14984202 |
| polypeptin, an antibiotic from a member of the bacillus circulans group. ii. purification, crystallization, and properties of polypeptin. | 1950 | 14794681 | |
| production of transglutaminase from bacillus circulans on solid-state and submerged cultivations. | a bacillus circulans strain, isolated in the amazon basin, produced a transglutaminase (ec 2.3 x 2.13) in both submerged and solid-state cultivation. enzyme activity in the former case reached 0.69 u ml(-1) after 160 h cultivation on starch based medium, and in the latter 0.61 u ml(-1) after 60 h cultivation on soybean industrial fibrous residue, a non-expensive agro-industrial residue. | 2003 | 14719818 |
| improved thermostability of bacillus circulans cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase by the introduction of a salt bridge. | cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) catalyzes the formation of cyclodextrins from starch. among the cgtases with known three-dimensional structure, thermoanaerobacterium thermosulfurigenes cgtase has the highest thermostability. by replacing amino acid residues in the b-domain of bacillus circulans cgtase with those from t. thermosulfurigenes cgtase, we identified a b. circulans cgtase mutant (with n188d and k192r mutations), with a strongly increased activity half-life at 60 degrees c. as ... | 2004 | 14705029 |
| enzymatic synthesis of n-acetyllactosamine in aqueous-organic reaction media. | beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans was used for the biocatalytic transfer of d-galactose (d-gal) from o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactoside (onpg) to the o-4 position of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranose (d-glcnac) forming the disaccharide n-acetyllactosamine (lacnac, beta-d-gal-(1 --> 4)-d-glcnac). in order to investigate the potential of this biocatalytic synthesis, first the optimal reactant ratio in an aqueous buffer system was determined. on the basis of these standard conditions we th ... | 2003 | 14703960 |
| optimization of cyclodextrin production from sago starch. | cyclodextrin (cd) is synthesized by bacterial cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) and is widely used in food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and agricultural industries. in this study, bacillus circulans cgtase was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation at 50-70% saturation. the optimum ph and temperature for cd production from sago starch were found to be in the ranges of 4.5-5.0 and 55-60 degrees c, respectively. beta-cd was the predominant product, constituting 65% of all cd pr ... | 2004 | 14643985 |
| generation of an affinity column for antibody purification by intein-mediated protein ligation. | coupling an antigenic peptide to a solid support is a crucial step in the affinity purification of a peptide-specific antibody. conventional methods for generating reactive agarose, cellulose or other matrices for peptide conjugation are laborious and can result in a significant amount of chemical waste. in this report, we present a novel method for the facile production of a peptide affinity column by employing intein-mediated protein ligation (ipl) in conjunction with chitin affinity chromatog ... | 2003 | 14604539 |
| real-time molecular beacon nasba reveals hblc expression from bacillus spp. in milk. | nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (nasba) was applied in combination with a fluorescein-conjugated molecular beacon specific for a sequence flanked by transcript-specific primers in order to monitor hblc enterotoxin gene expression in real-time from milk separately contaminated with bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus cereus, and bacillus circulans. maximal enterotoxin expression was noted following 16, 15, and 16 h, respectively, when grown in artificially contaminated nonfat dried mil ... | 2003 | 14592426 |
| increased production of antioxidative sesaminol glucosides from sesame oil cake through fermentation by bacillus circulans strain yus-2. | bacillus circulans strain yus-2 was isolated as the strongest antioxidant-producer in fermentation of sesame oil cake (soc, defatted residue yielded from sesame seed oil production). two major strong antioxidants from fermented soc were purified and identified as known sesaminol triglucoside and sesaminol diglucoside, however, our results demonstrated that the fermentation process with b. circulans yus-2 was highly effective to gain the extraction efficiency of the sesaminol glucosides. | 2003 | 14586130 |
| growth dynamics of bacillus circulans colony. | we have investigated the growth dynamics of bacillus circulans colony exhibiting the knotted-branching pattern by swarming on a hard agar medium. the knotted-branching pattern consists of many circular clusters, so-called subcolonies, and their trajectories. we analysed the processes of a subcolony because they are presumably the key elements for the formation of knotted-branching pattern. it was found that a subcolony has three processes, i.e. "generation", "growth", and "migration" by microsco ... | 2003 | 14559062 |
| occurrence of a specific protein in basidiomycete-lytic enzyme preparation produced by bacillus circulans ka-304 inductively with a cell-wall preparation of schizophyllum commune. | ka-prep, a culture filtrate of bacillus circulans ka-304 grown on a cell-wall preparation (cwp) of schizophyllum commune, has been reported to have an activity to form protoplasts from s. commune mycelia. the sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses described here demonstrated that a specific proteinous component (molecular weight: 150,000) occurred in ka-prep. the protein (p150t) was also formed in culture filtrates with cwp of several basidiomycetes, which could release the protoplasts, suggesti ... | 2003 | 14519984 |
| overproduction and secretion of bacillus circulans endo-beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase gene (bglbc1) in b. subtilis and b. megaterium. | a gene coding for endo-beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase (lichenase) containing a recombinant plasmid, pll200k, was transferred from bacillus circulans into a new shuttle plasmid, plls920, by ligating linearized dnas of pll200k and pub110. b. subtilis rm125 and b. megaterium atcc14945 transformed with plls920 produced the endo-beta-1,3-1,4-glucanase. the enzyme was produced during active growth with maximum activity. the b. subtilis (plls920) enzyme was 83 times (8522 mu ml(-1)) more active than that of th ... | 2003 | 14514048 |
| enzymatic hydrolysis of yeast cell walls. i. isolation of wall-decomposing organisms and separation and purification of lytic enzymes. | tanaka, hirosato (university of california, davis), and herman j. phaff. enzymatic hydrolysis of yeast cell walls. i. isolation of wall-decomposing organisms and separation and purification of lytic enzymes. j. bacteriol. 89:1570-1580. 1965.-a number of microorganisms, able to decompose and grow on yeast cell walls, were isolated from soil. these isolates demonstrated various types of attack on yeast walls. a bacterium, identified as bacillus circulans, and a species of streptomyces produced cle ... | 1965 | 14291597 |
| purification and properties of beta-1,3-glucanase from the "lytic enzyme" of bacillus circulans. | 1963 | 13961785 | |
| germination under alkaline conditions and transmission of alkali resistance by endospores of certain strains of bacillus cereus and bacillus circulans. | 1961 | 13693165 | |
| a strain of bacillus circulans capable of growing under highly alkaline conditions. | 1961 | 13693164 | |
| preliminary study of l-lysine production by bacillus species using various agricultural by-products. | the production of lysine by bacillus megaterium sp-14 and bacillus circulans tx-22 using agricultural by-products as carbon and nitrogen sources was assessed. among the carbon substrates used were potato, sorghum, plantain, millet, yam, cassava, and corn starches, while the nitrogen sources include cowpea, bambara-nut, cotton seed, groundnut, soybean, and blood meals. the effect of natural nitrogen sources (1.0% w/v) and synthetic nitrogen source (4.0% w/v (nh4)2so4) on lysine production by the ... | 2003 | 13678257 |
| effect of lytic enzyme from bacillus circulans and chitinase from streptomyces sp. on aspergillus oryzae. | 1959 | 13622735 | |
| aromatic residues within the substrate-binding cleft of bacillus circulans chitinase a1 are essential for hydrolysis of crystalline chitin. | bacillus circulans chitinase a1 (chia1) has a deep substrate-binding cleft on top of its (beta/alpha)8-barrel catalytic domain and an interaction between the aromatic residues in this cleft and bound oligosaccharide has been suggested. to study the roles of these aromatic residues, especially in crystalline-chitin hydrolysis, site-directed mutagenesis of these residues was carried out. y56a and w53a mutations at subsites -5 and -3, respectively, selectively decreased the hydrolysing activity aga ... | 2003 | 12930197 |
| genetic polymorphism by rapd-pcr and phenotypic characteristics of isolated thermotolerant bacillus strains from hot spring sources. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) assay, morphological, physiological, biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility test methods have been evaluated for use in the taxonomy of isolated thermotolerant bacillus from jordanian hot springs, with specific reference to strains geobacillus stearothermophilus (atcc 12980), bacillus circulans (atcc 4513) and bacillus sphaericus (atcc 14577). a rapd assay has been optimized and is able to discriminate betwee ... | 2003 | 12901420 |
| metal tolerance and biosorption capacity of bacillus circulans strain eb1. | a heavy-metal-resistant bacterium bacillus sp., strain eb1 was isolated from heavy-metal-contaminated soil in the southeast region of turkey. based on 16s ribosomal dna sequencing, the microorganism was closely related to bacillus circulans. minimal inhibitory concentrations of metals (mics) for the bacterium were determined. bacillus eb1 exhibited high mic values for metals and a large spectrum of antibiotic resistance. the order of toxicity of the metals to the bacterium was cd=co>cu>ni>zn>mn ... | 2003 | 12892847 |
| self-organized pattern formation of a bacteria colony modeled by a reaction diffusion system and nucleation theory. | self-organized pattern formation is observed in bacterial colony growth. the recently reported knotted-branching pattern of the bacillus circulans colony consists of the trajectories of aggregates which grow, move, and reproduce simultaneously. we modeled these processes by combining a reaction diffusion system of nutrient dynamics, nucleation theory for aggregate generation, and individual based dynamics of motion and growth of aggregates. the branching pattern produced by computer simulation s ... | 2003 | 12857171 |
| conversion of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase into a starch hydrolase by directed evolution: the role of alanine 230 in acceptor subsite +1. | cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) preferably catalyzes transglycosylation reactions, whereas many other alpha-amylase family enzymes are hydrolases. despite the availability of three-dimensional structures of several transglycosylases and hydrolases of this family, the factors that determine the hydrolysis and transglycosylation specificity are far from understood. to identify the amino acid residues that are critical for the transglycosylation reaction specificity, we carried out error- ... | 2003 | 12809508 |
| phylogenetic relationships between bacillus species and related genera inferred from comparison of 3' end 16s rdna and 5' end 16s-23s its nucleotide sequences. | the nucleotide sequences of the 3' end of the 16s rdna and the 16s-23s internal transcribed spacer (its) of 40 bacillaceae species were determined. these included 21 bacillus, 9 paenibacillus, 6 brevibacillus, 2 geobacillus, 1 marinibacillus and 1 virgibacillus species. comparative sequence analysis of a 220 bp region covering a highly conserved 150 bp sequence located at the 3' end of the 16s rrna coding region and a conserved 70 bp sequence located at the 5' end of the 16s-23s its of the 40 sp ... | 2003 | 12807189 |
| a chitinase with high activity toward partially n-acetylated chitosan from a new, moderately thermophilic, chitin-degrading bacterium, ralstonia sp. a-471. | a moderately thermophilic bacterium, strain a-471, capable of degrading chitin was isolated from a composting system of chitin-containing waste. analysis of the 16s rdna sequence revealed that the bacterium belongs to the genus ralstonia. a thermostable chitinase a ( ra-chia) was purified from culture fluid of the bacterium grown in colloidal chitin medium. purification of the enzyme was achieved mainly by exploiting its binding to the colloidal chitin. the molecular mass of the enzyme was estim ... | 2004 | 12802528 |
| purification, characterization, and molecular cloning of a novel keratan sulfate hydrolase, endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase, from bacillus circulans. | keratan sulfate (ks) is degraded by various enzymes including endo-beta-galactosidase, keratanase, and keratanase ii, which are used for the structural analysis of ks. we purified a novel ks hydrolase, endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase, from the cell pellet and conditioned medium of bacillus circulans, by sequential chromatography using de52 and phenyl-sepharose columns with approximately 63- and 180-fold purity and 58 and 12.5% recovery, respectively. like keratanase ii of bacillus sp. ks36, th ... | 2003 | 12732618 |
| effect of bacillus circulans d1 thermostable xylanase on biobleaching of eucalyptus kraft pulp. | the alkalophilic bacillus circulans d1 was isolated from decayed wood. it produced high levels of extracellular cellulase-free xylanase. the enzyme was thermally stable up to 60 degrees c, with an optimal hydrolysis temperature of 70 degrees c. it was stable over a wide ph range (5.5-10.5), with an optimum ph at 5.5 and 80% of its activity at ph 9.0. this cellulase-free xylanase preparation was used to biobleach kraft pulp. enzymatic treatment of kraft pulp decreased chlorine dioxide use by 23 a ... | 2003 | 12721462 |
| microbial starch-binding domains as a tool for targeting proteins to granules during starch biosynthesis. | modification of starch biosynthesis pathways holds an enormous potential for tailoring granules or polymers with new functionalities. in this study, we explored the possibility of engineering artificial granule-bound proteins, which can be incorporated in the granule during biosynthesis. the starch-binding domain (sbd)-encoding region of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from bacillus circulans was fused to the sequence encoding the transit peptide (amyloplast entry) of potato granule-bound starc ... | 2003 | 12678563 |
| a single surface tryptophan in the chitin-binding domain from bacillus circulans chitinase a1 plays a pivotal role in binding chitin and can be modified to create an elutable affinity tag. | site-directed mutagenesis was carried out to investigate the roles of a number of highly conserved residues of the chitin-binding domain (chbd) of bacillus circulans chitinase a1 (chia1) in the binding of chitin. analysis of single alanine replacement mutants showed that mutation of an exposed tryptophan residue (trp(687)) impaired the binding to chitin, while mutation of other highly conserved residues, most carrying aromatic or hydrophobic side chains, did not significantly affect the binding ... | 2003 | 12667608 |
| effect of fusaric acid and phytoanticipins on growth of rhizobacteria and fusarium oxysporum. | suppression of soilborne diseases by biocontrol agents involves complex interactions among biocontrol agents and the pathogen and between these microorganisms and the plant. in general, these interactions are not well characterized. in this work, we studied (i) the diversity among strains of fluorescent pseudomonas spp., bacillus spp., and paenibacillus sp. for their sensitivity to fusaric acid (fac) and phytoanticipins from different host plants, (ii) the diversity of pathogenic and nonpathogen ... | 2002 | 12556125 |
| [sequencing of a beta-amylase gene from bacillus firmus]. | the gene encoding a beta-amylase from bacillus firmus 725 was sequenced. the sequenced dna of 2012 bp contains one open reading frame of 1406 nucleotides without a translation stop codon. the deduced amino acid sequence homology with those known bacterial and some plant beta-amylase was 98% for bacillus polymyxa 72, 98% for bacillus polymyxa atcc8523, 82% for bacillus circulans, 54% for clostridium thermosulfurogenes, 49% for bacillus cereus bq10-s1, 50% for bacillus cereus var. mycoides, 36% fo ... | 1998 | 12549376 |
| immobilisation of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from bacillus circulans atcc 21783 on purified seasand. | cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (cgtase) from bacillus circulans (atcc 21783) was immobilised on a silica-based support: purified seasand. although adsorption of 98% was achieved, considerable desorption was encountered. this problem was minimised by crosslinking the adsorbed enzyme with glutaraldehyde. the immobilised enzyme after crosslinking could be used repeatedly for cyclodextrin (cd) production in a batch process. the activity retention was 80% at the end of the eighth cycle. the immobili ... | 2003 | 12545386 |
| purification and properties of a transglutaminase produced by a bacillus circulans strain isolated from the amazon environment. | a new microbial transglutaminase (ec 2.3.2.13) from a bacillus circulans strain isolated from the aquatic amazonian environment was purified and characterized. enzyme purification started with (nh(4))(2)so(4) 'salting out' and proceeded with liquid chromatography on q-sepharose ff and octyl-sepharose 4 ff. the purification factor was approx. 150-fold with a yield of 32%. the enzyme's molecular mass was estimated as 45000 da on sds/page. the purified transglutaminase had an optimum temperature of ... | 2003 | 12529180 |
| biosynthesis of aminoglycoside antibiotics: cloning, expression and characterisation of an aminotransferase involved in the pathway to 2-deoxystreptamine. | the gene btrr from bacillus circulans has been cloned and expressed and shown to produce a protein which catalyses the transamination of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose to give 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosamine, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine. | 2002 | 12478783 |
| cloning, sequencing, and expression of the gene from bacillus circulans that codes for a heparinase that degrades both heparin and heparan sulfate. | the gene, designated hep, coding for a heparinase that degrades both heparin and heparan sulfate, was cloned from bacillus circulans hpt298. nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the open reading frame of the hep gene consists of 3,150 bp, encoding a precursor protein of 1,050 amino acids with a molecular mass of 116.5 kda. a homology search found that the deduced amino acid sequence has partial similarity with enzymes belonging to the family of acidic polysaccharide lyases that degrade chond ... | 2002 | 12400686 |
| immobilization of alpha-amylase from bacillus circulans grs 313 on coconut fiber. | a simple and inexpensive method for immobilizing alpha-amylase from bacillus circulans grs 313 on coconut fiber was developed. the immobilization conditions for highest efficiency were optimized with respect to immobilization ph of 5.5, 30 degrees c, contact time of 4 h, and enzyme to support a ratio of 1:1 containing 0.12 mg/ml of protein. the catalytic properties of the immobilized enzyme were compared with that of the free enzyme. the activity of amylase adsorbed on coconut fiber was 38.7 u/g ... | 2002 | 12396132 |
| optimisation of batch culture conditions for cyclodextrin glucanotransferase production from bacillus circulans df 9r. | background: the extracellular enzyme cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (cgtase) synthesizes cyclic malto-oligosaccharides called cyclodextrins (cds) from starch and related alpha-1,4-glucans. cgtases are produced by a variety of bacteria, mainly bacillus species, by submerged culture in complex medium. cgtases differ in the amount and types of cds produced. in addition, cgtase production is highly dependent on the strain, medium composition and culture conditions. therefore we undertook this study ... | 2002 | 12392599 |
| identification of l-glutamine: 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose aminotransferase required for the biosynthesis of butirosin in bacillus circulans. | using inverse pcr, two new genes (btrn and btrs) were identified upstream of the putative glycosyltransferase gene btrm in the butirosin-biosynthetic btr gene cluster of bacillus circulans. the upstream gene btrs showed significant homology with stsc of streptomyces griseus, which encodes l-glutamine:scyllo-inosose aminotransferase in the biosynthesis of streptomycin. the function of btrs was further confirmed by heterologous expression in escherichia coli and chemical identification of the conv ... | 2002 | 12374384 |
| significance of the 20-kda subunit of heterodimeric 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase for the biosynthesis of butirosin antibiotics in bacillus circulans. | a gene (btrc2) encoding the 20-kda subunit of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose (doi) synthase, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of 2-deoxystreptamine, was identified from the butirosin-producer bacillus circulans by reverse genetics. the deduced amino acid sequence of btrc2 closely resembled that of yaae of b. subtilis, but the function of the latter has not been known to date. instead, btrc2 appeared to show sequence similarity to a certain extent with hish of b. subtilis, an amidotransferase subunit of ... | 2002 | 12224638 |
| high efficient expression in escherichia coli of chitinase gene cloned from bacillus circulans c-2. | subcloning analysis of a cloned dna fragment from bacillus circulans containing the chitinase gene chi1 showed that the chitinase gene lies on a 1.7kb psti-styi fragment. the chitinase gene could be expressed in escherichia coli strains jm107, dh5alpha, xl1-blue and tg-1 with various efficiencies. the expression level of chitinase gene was highest in jm107, which was almost the same as that in b. circulans c-2. the molecular weight of extracellular chitinase was 66 kd by sds-page analysis. cell ... | 1998 | 12168036 |
| cloning and structural analysis of bglm gene coding for the fungal cell wall-lytic beta-1,3-glucan-hydrolase bglm of bacillus circulans iam1165. | bacillus circulans iam1165 produces isoforms of beta-1,3-glucan-hydrolases. of these enzymes, the 42-kda enzyme bgim degrades aspergillus oryzae cell walls the most actively. a gene coding for a bgim precursor consisting of 411 amino acid residues was cloned. the 27 n-terminal amino acid sequence of the precursor is a signal peptide. the 141 c-terminal amino acid sequence showed a motif of carbohydrate-binding module family 13. this domain bound to pachyman, lichenan, and a. oryzae cell walls. t ... | 2002 | 12162545 |
| chromium (vi) biosorption and bioaccumulation by chromate resistant bacteria. | in this study, strains that are capable of bioaccumulating cr(vi) were isolated from treated tannery effluent of a common effluent treatment plant. the cr(vi) concentration in this treated effluent was 0.96 mg/l, much above the statutory limit of 0.1 mg/l for discharge of industrial effluents into inland surface waters in india. in addition to the bioaccumulation, biosorption capabilities of living and dead cells were analysed. two strains, identified as bacillus circulans and bacillus megateriu ... | 2002 | 12152745 |
| gene cloning and biochemical analysis of thermostable chitosanase (tch-2) from bacillus coagulans ck108. | the dna sequence of the thermostable chitosanase tch-2 gene from bacillus coagulans ck108 showed a 843-bp open reading frame that encodes a protein of 280 amino acids with a signal peptide corresponding to 32 kda in size. the deduced amino acid sequence of the chitosanase from bacillus coagulans ck108 has 61.6%, 48.0%, and 12.6% identities to those from bacillus ehemensis, bacillus circulans, and bacillus subtilis, respectively. c-terminal homology analysis shows that the enzyme belongs to the c ... | 2002 | 12092850 |
| purification and characterization of heparinase that degrades both heparin and heparan sulfate from bacillus circulans. | a heparinase that degrades both heparin and heparan sulfate (hs) was purified to homogeneity from the cell-free extract of bacillus circulans hpt298. the purified enzyme had a single band on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with an estimated molecular mass of 111,000. the enzyme showed optimal activity at ph 7.5 and 45 degrees c, and its activity was stimulated in the presence of 5 mm cacl2, bacl2, or mgcl2. analysis of substrate specificity and degraded disaccharides demonstrated that the ... | 2002 | 12092842 |
| enterotoxin production in natural isolates of bacillaceae outside the bacillus cereus group. | thirty-nine bacillus strains obtained from a variety of environmental and food sources were screened by pcr for the presence of five gene targets (hblc, hbld, hbla, nhea, and nheb) in two enterotoxin operons (hbl and nhe) traditionally harbored by bacillus cereus. seven isolates exhibited a positive signal for at least three of the five possible targets, including bacillus amyloliquefaciens, b. cereus, bacillus circulans, bacillus lentimorbis, bacillus pasteurii, and bacillus thuringiensis subsp ... | 2002 | 12039781 |
| enzymatic properties, crystallization, and deduced amino acid sequence of an alkaline endoglucanase from bacillus circulans. | a high-isoelectric-point (pi), alkaline endo-1,4-beta-glucanase (egl-257) of bacillus circulans ksm-n257 was purified to homogeneity and crystallized. the purified enzyme hydrolyzed carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc) with optima of ph 8.5 and 55 degrees c. the molecular mass was 43 kda, and the pi was ph 9.3. the structural gene contained a single open reading frame of 1221 bp, corresponding to 407 amino acids (aa), including a 30-aa signal peptide (377 aa and 41,680 da for the mature enzyme). egl-25 ... | 2002 | 12020807 |
| an isolate of bacillus circulans toxic to mosquito larvae. | a new strain of bacillus circulans isolated from a larva of culex quinquefasciatus showed larvicidal activity on 3 mosquitoes of medical importance. compared to bacillus sphaericus strain 2362, this b. circulans isolate proved less toxic to cx. quinquefasciatus and anopheles gambiae but was 107 times more toxic to aedes aegypti. moreover, in comparison to other studies, b. circulans was at least as pathogenic as b. thuringiensis var. israelensis in ae. aegypti. the tests have showed that the tox ... | 2002 | 11998934 |
| purification and characterization of maltooligosaccharide-forming amylase from bacillus circulans grs 313. | a maltooligosaccharide-forming amylase that hydrolyzes starch into maltotriose and maltopentaose was found in the culture filtrate of a strain of bacillus circulans grs 313 isolated from local soil. the enzyme was purified by organic solvent fractionation, sephadex g-100 gel filtration and cm-sephadex column chromatography. optimum ph and temperature of amylase were evaluated using response surface methodology (rsm) and were found to be 48 degrees c and 4.9, respectively. the enzyme was stable u ... | 2002 | 11986918 |
| paenibacillus graminis sp. nov. and paenibacillus odorifer sp. nov., isolated from plant roots, soil and food. | sixteen gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria previously isolated from soil, plant rhizospheres, plant roots and pasteurized pureed vegetables were studied to determine their taxonomic positions. the isolates were formerly identified as bacillus circulans based on their biochemical characters using api galleries. two of these strains, rsa19t and tod45t, were recently assigned to the genus paenibacillus based on phylogenetic analysis of their 16s rrna (rrs) gene sequence. in the present work, ... | 2002 | 11931174 |
| comparative study of the reaction mechanism of family 18 chitinases from plants and microbes. | hydrolytic mechanisms of family 18 chitinases from rice (oryza sativa l.) and bacillus circulans wl-12 were comparatively studied by a combination of hplc analysis of the reaction products and theoretical calculation of reaction time-courses. all of the enzymes tested produced beta-anomers from chitin hexasaccharide [(glcnac)(6)], indicating that they catalyze the hydrolysis through a retaining mechanism. the rice chitinases hydrolyzed predominantly the fourth and fifth glycosidic linkages from ... | 2002 | 11926993 |
| cloning, sequencing, and expression of a chitinase-encoding gene from bacillus circulans no. 4.1. | a chitinase encoding gene from bacillus circulans no. 4.1 was cloned in escherichia coli by using pbluescript ii sk. the recombinant plasmid containing the 2.6-kb chitinase gene was designated as pchib43. the nucleotide sequence revealed a single open reading frame containing 1794 bp and encoding 598 amino acids with a molecular mass of 65.78 kda. the gene was sequentially deleted; the deletion clones were designated as pc66, pc6s, pss6, and pevs. the clones pc6s, pss6, and pevs hydrolyzed solub ... | 2002 | 11821923 |
| directional degradation of beta-chitin by chitinase a1 revealed by a novel reducing end labelling technique. | a novel procedure for labelling the molecular ends of beta-chitin crystals has been established. by introducing a hydrazide derivative of biotin at the reducing end of a chitin chain, followed by a specific interaction between biotin and streptavidin coupled with a colloidal gold particle, the chain directionality of beta-chitin microcrystals could be directly visualized by transmission electron microscopy. this method allowed to certify the parallelism of the chitin chains in the beta-chitin mi ... | 2002 | 11801254 |
| enzymatic synthesis of sulfated disaccharides using beta-d-galactosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation. | we have established a unique enzymatic approach for obtaining sulfated disaccharides using bacillus circulans beta-d-galactosidase-catalyzed 6-sulfo galactosylation. when 4-methyl umbelliferyl 6-sulfo beta-d-galactopyranoside (s6gal beta-4mu) was used as a donor, the enzyme induced transfer of 6-sulfo galactosyl residue to glcnac acceptor. as a result, the desired compound 6'-sulfo n-acetyllactosamine (s6gal beta1-4glcnac) and its positional isomer 6'-sulfo n-acetylisolactosamine (s6gal beta1-6g ... | 2001 | 11791719 |
| linkage of sugar chains to a fragment peptide of fgf-5s by a chemoenzymatic strategy and changes in the rate of proteolytic hydrolysis. | various o-linked and n-linked sugar chains were linked enzymatically to a fragment peptide (leu-ser-gln(or asn)-val-his-arg) of fgf-5s. first, galactose was linked with beta-(1-->3)-linkage to galnac-linked peptide by a transglycosylation using beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans (recombinant). then sialic acid was linked with the aid of sialyltransferase from rat liver (recombinant) to give neuacalpha-(2-->3)-galbeta-(1-->3)-galnac-linked hexapeptide. further, a sialylated 2-chain biante ... | 2001 | 11788798 |
| characterization of pseudomonas aeruginosa chitinase, a gradually secreted protein. | the gram-negative bacterium pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes many proteins into its extracellular environment via the type i, ii, and iii secretion systems. in this study, a gene, chic, coding for an extracellular chitinolytic enzyme, was identified. the chic gene encodes a polypeptide of 483 amino acid residues, without a typical n-terminal signal sequence. nevertheless, an n-terminal segment of 11 residues was found to be cleaved off in the secreted protein. the protein shows sequence similarit ... | 2001 | 11717261 |
| evidence for the production of chemical compounds analogous to nod factor by the silicate bacterium bacillus circulans gy92. | silicate bacteria are generally placed in the species bacillus circulans and are widely used in biological fertilisers and biological leaching. the bacteria can form conspicuous amounts of extracellular polysaccharides in nitrogen-free media or in the presence of substrates with large c/n ratios. using high performance liquid chromatography, we have shown that b. circulans produced a new peak/compound when induced with the plant-to-bacteria signal molecule genistein. this material co-eluted with ... | 2001 | 11716218 |
| bacterial phage receptors, versatile tools for display of polypeptides on the cell surface. | four outer membrane proteins of escherichia coli were examined for their capabilities and limitations in displaying heterologous peptide inserts on the bacterial cell surface. the t7 tag or multiple copies of the myc epitope were inserted into loops 4 and 5 of the ferrichrome and phage t5 receptor fhua. fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis showed that peptides of up to 250 amino acids were efficiently displayed on the surface of e. coli as inserts within fhua. strains expressing fhua fus ... | 2001 | 11698382 |
| the remote substrate binding subsite -6 in cyclodextrin-glycosyltransferase controls the transferase activity of the enzyme via an induced-fit mechanism. | cyclodextrin-glycosyltransferase (cgtase) catalyzes the formation of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrins (cyclic alpha-(1,4)-linked oligosaccharides of 6, 7, or 8 glucose residues, respectively) from starch. nine substrate binding subsites were observed in an x-ray structure of the cgtase from bacillus circulans strain 251 complexed with a maltononaose substrate. subsite -6 is conserved in cgtases, suggesting its importance for the reactions catalyzed by the enzyme. to investigate this in det ... | 2002 | 11696539 |
| solution structure of the fibronectin type iii domain from bacillus circulans wl-12 chitinase a1. | growing evidence suggests that horizontal gene transfer plays an integral role in the evolution of bacterial genomes. one of the debated examples of horizontal gene transfer from animal to prokaryote is the fibronectin type iii domain (fniiid). certain extracellular proteins of soil bacteria contain an unusual cluster of fniiids, which show sequence similarity to those of animals and are likely to have been acquired horizontally from animals. here we report the solution structure of the fniiid o ... | 2002 | 11600504 |
| identification of bacteria in pasteurized zucchini purées stored at different temperatures and comparison with those found in other pasteurized vegetable purées. | one hundred nineteen isolates from a commercial zucchini purée stored at 4, 10, and 20 to 25 degrees c were fingerprinted using repetitive sequence-based pcr (rep-pcr) and classified into 35 rep types. one representative isolate of each rep type was subsequently identified by api50chb/20e profile and partial rrs gene sequence analysis. nine rep types were misidentified by the api system. strains were misidentified as being in the bacillus circulans (group 2) api taxon or in taxa with a low numbe ... | 2001 | 11571151 |
| hydrophobic amino acid residues in the acceptor binding site are main determinants for reaction mechanism and specificity of cyclodextrin-glycosyltransferase. | cyclodextrin-glycosyltransferases (cgtases) (ec ) preferably catalyze transglycosylation reactions with glucosyl residues as acceptor, whereas the homologous alpha-amylases catalyze hydrolysis reactions using water as acceptor. this difference in reaction specificity is most likely caused by the acceptor binding site. to investigate this in detail we altered the acceptor site residues lys-232, phe-183, phe-259, and glu-264 of bacillus circulans strain 251 cgtase using site-directed mutagenesis. ... | 2001 | 11555657 |
| dissecting the electrostatic interactions and ph-dependent activity of a family 11 glycosidase. | previous studies of the low molecular mass family 11 xylanase from bacillus circulans show that the ionization state of the nucleophile (glu78, pk(a) 4.6) and the acid/base catalyst (glu172, pk(a) 6.7) gives rise to its ph-dependent activity profile. inspection of the crystal structure of bcx reveals that glu78 and glu172 are in very similar environments and are surrounded by several chemically equivalent and highly conserved active site residues. hence, there are no obvious reasons why their ap ... | 2001 | 11513590 |
| cleavage and purification of intein fusion proteins using the streptococcus gordonii spex system. | a gram-positive bacterial expression vector using streptococcus gordonii has been developed for expression and secretion, or surface anchoring of heterologous proteins. this system, termed surface protein expression system or spex, has been used to express a variety of surface anchored and secreted proteins. in this study, the mycobacterium xenopi (mxe) gyra intein and chitin binding domain from bacillus circulans chitinase al were used in conjunction with spex to express a fusion protein to fac ... | 2001 | 11513092 |
| protein profile and biochemical properties of bacillus circulans isolated from intestines of small free-living animals in poland. | forty-seven strains of bacillus circulans isolated from the intestinal tract of free-living small mammals from the narvia and biebrza national park (ne poland) were compared with the electrophoretic whole-cell protein patterns on the basis of sds-page and biochemical characteristic using api tests (50 chb and 20e). the strains were grouped into two clusters (i and ii) at the similarity of protein pattern of 78% using the simple matching coefficient and clustering on unweighted pair group arithme ... | 2001 | 11501407 |
| the identification of the catalytic nucleophiles of two beta-galactosidases from glycoside hydrolase family 35. | the beta-galactosidases from xanthomonas manihotis (beta-gal xmn) and bacillus circulans (beta-gal-3 bcir) are retaining glycosidases that hydrolyze glycosidic bonds through a double displacement mechanism involving a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate. the mechanism-based inactivator 2,4-dinitrophenyl 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-d-galactopyranoside was shown to inactivate beta-gal xmn and beta-gal-3 bcir through the accumulation of 2-deoxy-2-fluorogalactosyl enzyme intermediates with half lives of ... | 2001 | 11423106 |
| truncated aspartate aminotransferase from alkalophilic bacillus circulans with deletion of n-terminal 32 amino acids is a non-functional monomer in a partially structured state. | aspartate aminotransferase (aspat) from alkalophilic bacillus circulans contains an additional n-terminal sequence of 32 amino acid residues that are absent in all other aspats from different sources. modeling suggested that this sequence forms two alpha-helical segments which establish a continuous network of interactions on the surface of the molecule. in the present study, we studied the role of the n-terminal sequence in folding and stability of aspat by applying the scanning calorimetry, an ... | 2001 | 11391020 |
| intein-mediated rapid purification of cre recombinase. | cre recombinase produced by bacteriophage p1 catalyzes site-specific recombination of dna between loxp recognition sites in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and has been widely used for genome engineering and in vitro cloning. recombinant cre has been overproduced in escherichia coli and its purification involves multiple steps. in this report, we used an "intein" fusion system to express cre as a c-terminal fusion to a modified protein splicing element, i.e., intein. the modified intein co ... | 2001 | 11388811 |
| bacillus circulans endophthalmitis. | an 80-year-old woman presented with right endophthalmitis, characterized by chalky white deposits covering her posterior capsule. this occurred 17 months after uncomplicated right cataract surgery. a three-port pars plana vitrectomy and partial posterior capsulectomy isolated bacillus circulans, and the patient made a rapid and full recovery on topical cephalothin and prednisolone acetate 1%. the case demonstrates that, unlike endophthalmitis due to other bacillus spp., b. circulans endophthalmi ... | 2001 | 11341454 |
| synthesis of nucleotide-activated oligosaccharides by beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans. | the enzymatic access to nucleotide-activated oligosaccharides by a glycosidase-catalyzed transglycosylation reaction was explored. the nucleotide sugars udp-glcnac and udp-glc were tested as acceptor substrates for beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans using lactose as donor substrate. the udp-disaccharides gal(beta1-4)glcnac(alpha1-udp) (udp-lacnac) and gal(beta1-4)glc(alpha1-udp) (udp-lac) and the udp-trisaccharides gal(beta1-4)gal(beta1-4)glcnac(alpha1-udp and gal(beta1-4)gal(beta1-4)glc ... | 2001 | 11308028 |
| trp122 and trp134 on the surface of the catalytic domain are essential for crystalline chitin hydrolysis by bacillus circulans chitinase a1. | from the 3d-structural analysis of the catalytic domain of chitinase a1, two exposed tryptophan residues (w122 and w134) are proposed to play an important role in guiding a chitin chain into the catalytic cleft during the crystalline chitin hydrolysis. mutation of either w122 or w134 to alanine significantly reduced the hydrolyzing activity against highly crystalline beta-chitin microfibrils. double mutation almost completely abolished the hydrolyzing activity. on the other hand, the hydrolyzing ... | 2001 | 11297738 |
| enzymatic circularization of a malto-octaose linear chain studied by stochastic reaction path calculations on cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. | cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) is an enzyme belonging to the alpha-amylase family that forms cyclodextrins (circularly linked oligosaccharides) from starch. x-ray work has indicated that this cyclization reaction of cgtase involves a 23-a movement of the nonreducing end of a linear malto-oligosaccharide from a remote binding position into the enzyme acceptor site. we have studied the dynamics of this sugar chain circularization through reaction path calculations. we used the new metho ... | 2001 | 11288183 |
| purification and characterization of a bacillus cereus exochitinase. | five extracellular chitinases of bacillus cereus 6e1 were detected by a novel in-gel chitinase assay using carboxymethyl-chitin-remazol brilliant violet 5r (cm-chitin-rbv) as a substrate. the major chitinase activity was associated with a 36-kda (chi36) gel band. chi36 was purified by a one-step, native gel purification procedure derived from the new in-gel chitinase assay. the purified chi36 has optimal activity at ph 5.8 and retains some enzymatic activity between ph 2.5-8. the temperature opt ... | 2001 | 11267643 |
| trans-sialidase catalyzed sialylation of beta-galactosyldisaccharide with an introduction of beta-galactosidase. | introduction of beta-galactosidase into a trans-sialidase reaction, i.e. sialic acid transfer reaction from a donor substrate (alpha2,3-sialyllactose) to an acceptor substrate (beta-galactosyldisaccharide), could improve the yield of desired sialylated trisaccharide by hydrolyzing lactose, a byproduct from the donor. when trans-sialidase reaction was performed with stoichiometric amounts (2 mm) of alpha2,3-sialyllactose and galbeta(1,3)glcnac, the yield of neuacalpha(2,3)galbeta(1,3)glcnac incre ... | 2001 | 11166807 |
| single-column purification and bio-characterization of recombinant human parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-139). | recombinant human parathyroid hormone-related protein (hpthrp) (1-139) was expressed using the impact t7 (intein-mediated purification with an affinity chitin-binding tag) system, allowing purification of free recombinant peptide in a single chromatographic step. this system utilizes an intein, which is a protein splicing element from the saccharomyces cerevisiae vma1 gene. the intein has been modified so that it undergoes a self-cleavage reaction at its n-terminus at low temperatures in the pre ... | 2000 | 11162900 |
| cloning, sequences, and characterization of two chitinase genes from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. strain tad20: isolation and partial characterization of the enzymes. | arthrobacter sp. strain tad20, a chitinolytic gram-positive organism, was isolated from the sea bottom along the antarctic ice shell. arthrobacter sp. strain tad20 secretes two major chitinases, chia and chib (archia and archib), in response to chitin induction. a single chromosomal dna fragment containing the genes coding for both chitinases was cloned in escherichia coli. dna sequencing analysis of this fragment revealed two contiguous open reading frames coding for the precursors of archia (8 ... | 2001 | 11160110 |
| bacillus siralis sp. nov., a novel species from silage with a higher order structural attribute in the 16s rrna genes. | a novel bacterial strain (171544t) was recently isolated from silage and was classified in the genus bacillus by 16s rdna sequence analysis. additional silage samples have been investigated in the present study and four organisms resembling strain 171544t were isolated. phenotypic and genotypic characterization of these bacteria showed that they constitute a new species of the genus bacillus. this taxon was positioned in the family bacillaceae on the basis of evolutionary distance trees using 16 ... | 2000 | 11155995 |
| butirosin-biosynthetic gene cluster from bacillus circulans. | butirosin is an interesting 2-deoxystreptamine (dos)-containing aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by non-actinomycete bacilli. recently we were successful in purification of 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose synthase from butirosin-producer bacillus circulans as the key enzyme for the biosynthesis of dos, in cloning of the responsible gene (btrc), and in its overexpression in escherichia coli. the present study involved gene-walking approach, which allowed us to find a gene cluster around btrc. the functi ... | 2000 | 11132962 |
| addition of polar organic solvents can improve the product selectivity of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase. solvent effects on cgtase. | cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (ec 2.4.1.19, cgtase) is an enzyme that produces cyclodextrins from starch via an intramolecular transglycosylation reaction. addition of small amounts (10% v/v) of polar organic solvents can affect both the overall production yield and the type of cyclodextrin produced from a maltodextrin substrate under simulated industrial process conditions. using cgtase from thermoanaerobacter sp. all solvents produced an increase in cyclodextrin yield when compared with a c ... | 2000 | 11064053 |
| the aman6 gene encoding a yeast mannan backbone degrading 1,6-alpha-d-mannanase in bacillus circulans: cloning, sequence analysis, and expression. | a gene (aman6) encoding endo-1,6-alpha-d-mannanase, a yeast mannan backbone degrading enzyme from bacillus circulans was cloned. the putative aman6 was 1,767 base pairs long and encoded a mature 1,6-alpha-d-mannanase protein of 589 amino acids and a signal peptide of 36 amino acids. the purified mature 1,6-alpha-d-mannanase from the escherichia coli transformant showed 61-kda protein, and n-terminal amino acid sequence and other general properties of the recombinant enzyme were identical to thos ... | 2000 | 11055417 |
| use of a chia probe for detection of chitinase genes in bacteria from the chesapeake bay(1). | pcr primers specific for the chia gene were designed by alignment and selection of highly conserved regions of chia sequences from serratia marcescens, alteromonas sp., bacillus circulans and aeromonas caviae. these primers were used to amplify a 225 bp fragment of the chia gene from vibrio harveyi to produce a chia gene probe. the chia pcr primers and probe were used to detect the presence of the chia gene in an assemblage of 53 reference strains and gave consistent results. selected chia fragm ... | 2000 | 11053737 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a chitosanase from the chitosanolytic bacterium burkholderia gladioli strain chb101. | a chitosanase was purified from the culture fluid of the chitino- and chitosanolytic bacterium burkholderia gladioli strain chb101. the purified enzyme (chitosanase a) had a molecular mass of 28 kda, and catalyzed the endo-type cleavage of chitosans having a low degree of acetylation (0-30%). the enzyme hydrolyzed glucosamine oligomers larger than a pentamer, but did not exhibit any activity toward n-acetylglucosamine oligomers and colloidal chitin. the gene coding for chitosanase a (csna) was i ... | 2000 | 11030572 |
| detailed structural analysis of glycosidase/inhibitor interactions: complexes of cex from cellulomonas fimi with xylobiose-derived aza-sugars. | detailed insights into the mode of binding of a series of tight-binding aza-sugar glycosidase inhibitors of two fundamentally different classes are described through x-ray crystallographic studies of complexes with the retaining family 10 xylanase cex from cellulomonas fimi. complexes with xylobiose-derived aza-sugar inhibitors of the substituted "amidine" class (xylobio-imidazole, k(i) = 150 nm; xylobio-lactam oxime, k(i) = 370 nm) reveal lateral interaction of the "glycosidic" nitrogen with th ... | 2000 | 10995222 |
| efficient synthesis of a sialyl t-antigen-linked glycopeptide by the chemoenzymatic method. | a sialyl t-antigen-linked tetrapeptide was prepared by the combined method of chemical synthesis and enzymatic synthesis. the galnac-linked peptide was first obtained by using a commercial peptide synthesizer, and then a galactose residue was attached with beta-(1-->3)-linkage by transglycosylating with a recombinant beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans. the sialic acid residue was then combined by alpha-(2-->3)-linkage with sialytransferase from rat liver. | 2000 | 10993167 |
| hydrolysis of beta-galactosyl ester linkage by beta-galactosidases. | p-hydroxybenzoyl beta-galactose (phb-gal) was synthesized chemically to examine the hydrolytic activity of beta-galactosyl ester linkage by beta-galactosidases. the enzyme from penicillium multicolor hydrolyzed the substrate as fast as p-nitrophenyl beta-galactoside (pnp-gal), a usual substrate with a beta-galactosidic linkage. the enzymes from escherichia coli and aspergillus oryzae hydrolyzed phb-gal with almost the same rates as pnp-gal. the enzymes from bacillus circulans, saccharomyces frag ... | 2000 | 10993159 |
| analysis of the essential cell division gene ftsl of bacillus subtilis by mutagenesis and heterologous complementation. | the ftsl gene is required for the initiation of cell division in a broad range of bacteria. bacillus subtilis ftsl encodes a 13-kda protein with a membrane-spanning domain near its n terminus. the external c-terminal domain has features of an alpha-helical leucine zipper, which is likely to be involved in the heterodimerization with another division protein, divic. to determine what residues are important for ftsl function, we used both random and site-directed mutagenesis. unexpectedly, all che ... | 2000 | 10986263 |
| purification and characterization of a thermostable esterase from the moderate thermophile bacillus circulans. | the thermostable esterase from the moderate thermophile bacillus circulans was purified to homogeneity using a four-step procedure. esterase activity was associated with a protein of molecular mass 95 kda, composed of three identical subunits of 30 kda. the esterase activity was thermostable with a maximum activity at 55 degrees c using initial rate assay. the half-inactivation temperature was 71 degrees c after a 1-h treatment, which compared favorably to that of other enzymes. activity at temp ... | 2000 | 10968629 |
| thermostable chitosanase from bacillus sp. strain ck4: cloning and expression of the gene and characterization of the enzyme. | a thermostable chitosanase gene from the environmental isolate bacillus sp. strain ck4, which was identified on the basis of phylogenetic analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence and phenotypic analysis, was cloned, and its complete dna sequence was determined. the thermostable chitosanase gene was composed of an 822-bp open reading frame which encodes a protein of 242 amino acids and a signal peptide corresponding to a 30-kda enzyme. the deduced amino acid sequence of the chitosanase from bacillu ... | 2000 | 10966383 |
| kinetic analysis of the reaction catalyzed by chitinase a1 from bacillus circulans wl-12 toward the novel substrates, partially n-deacetylated 4-methylumbelliferyl chitobiosides. | the kinetic behavior of chitinase a1 from bacillus circulans wl-12 was investigated using the novel fluorogenic substrates, n-deacetylated 4-methylumbelliferyl chitobiosides [glcn-glcnac-umb (2), glcnac-glcn-umb (3), and (glcn)(2)-umb (4)], and the results were compared with those obtained using 4-methylumbelliferyl n, n'-diacetylchitobiose [(glcnac)(2)-umb (1)] as the substrate. the chitinase did not release the umb moiety from compound 4, but successfully released umb from the other substrates ... | 2000 | 10913612 |
| expression of bacillus circulans teri-42 xylanase gene in bacillus subtilis. | the xylanase gene of bacillus circulans teri-42 was cloned in both b. subtilis and escherichia coli. the enzyme activity was almost 87% higher in b. subtilis (pba7) than in e. coli (paq4). no cellulase activity was detected in the clones, b. subtilis (pba7) and e. coli (paq4). approximately 1120 u (80%) of the xylanase was secreted extracellularly by the clone b. subtilis (pba7) as compared to 79 u (88%) excreted in e. coli (paq4). in b. subtilis (pba7) the optimal xylanase activity was at ph 7. ... | 2000 | 10899547 |
| immobilization/stabilization on eupergit c of the beta-galactosidase from b. circulans and an alpha-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae. | two synthetically useful glycosidases, the beta-galactosidase from bacillus circulans and an alpha-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae have been immobilized on eupergit c. the immobilized enzymes retain high catalytic activity and show increased thermal stability compared with the free enzymes. | 2000 | 10862898 |
| hydrogen bonding and catalysis: a novel explanation for how a single amino acid substitution can change the ph optimum of a glycosidase. | the ph optima of family 11 xylanases are well correlated with the nature of the residue adjacent to the acid/base catalyst. in xylanases that function optimally under acidic conditions, this residue is aspartic acid, whereas it is asparagine in those that function under more alkaline conditions. previous studies of wild-type (wt) bacillus circulans xylanase (bcx), with an asparagine residue at position 35, demonstrated that its ph-dependent activity follows the ionization states of the nucleophi ... | 2000 | 10860737 |