Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| impairment of oxidative burst in porcine neutrophils induced by pseudorabies virus. | industrial swine production is affected by several serious viral diseases, such as pseudorabies, hog cholera, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, which are frequently complicated with the increased incidence of bacterial complications such as actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app). this clinical observation is suggestive of a virus-bacteria synergism on the pathogenesis. one hypothesis is that viruses induce polymorphonuclear cell (pmns, primarily neutrophils) dysfunction resulting in ... | 2004 | 15261698 |
| characteristics of oligodeoxyribonucleotides that induce interferon (ifn)-alpha in the pig and the phenotype of the ifn-alpha producing cells. | the immunostimulatory effects of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (odn) containing unmethylated cpg dinucleotides (cpg-odn) in certain base contexts have been extensively studied in man and mice. one major action is their ability to trigger production of massive amounts of interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pdc), also referred to as natural ifn-alpha/beta producing cells (nipc). the present study using porcine pbmc activated by cpg-odn or plasmid dna revealed a considerable v ... | 2004 | 15261695 |
| multiplex pcr for rapid detection of pseudorabies virus, porcine parvovirus and porcine circoviruses. | a multiplex pcr (mpcr) assay was developed and subsequently evaluated for its effectiveness as a means to simultaneously detect multiple viral infections of swine. specific primers for each of four common dna viruses, namely, pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine circovirus type i (pcv1), porcine circovirus type ii (pcv2), and porcine parvovirus (ppv), were used for testing procedure. the assay was shown to be highly sensitive in that as little as 10(-4) ng of each of the respective amplicons (appro ... | 2004 | 15223125 |
| an approach to a fmd vaccine based on genetic engineered attenuated pseudorabies virus: one experiment using vp1 gene alone generates an antibody responds on fmd and pseudorabies in swine. | foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) and pseudorabies (pr) are two important infectious diseases in swine. an attenuated pseudorabies virus (prv) has been successfully used as a gene delivery vector for the development of live-viral vaccines. in this study, a recombinant prv-vp1 virus was constructed by fusioning the vp1 gene of fmd virus in frame to the n-terminal sequence of the gg gene of prv. to test the protective immunity, 15 fmdv sero-negative white swine were divided into three groups and immuni ... | 2004 | 15149769 |
| bf, hp, dqb and drb are associated with haemolytic complement activity, acute phase protein reaction and antibody response in the pig. | in order to examine the loci factor b (bf), c3, corticotropin releasing hormone (crh), dqb, drb, haptoglobin (hp) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgfb1) for association with traits of humoral, specific and unspecific defence f2-animals of a porcine resource family were genotyped at single nucleotide polymorphisms within these loci. haemolytic complement activity in the alternative and classical pathway, c3c and haptoglobin serum concentration and antibody titres were determined immediatel ... | 2004 | 15135987 |
| construction of recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing ns1 protein of japanese encephalitis (sa14-14-2) virus and its safety and immunogenicity. | the bivalent genetic engineering vaccine of japanese encephalitis (je) and aujeszkj disease (ad) was developed to provide a novel approach to prevent and control these two diseases. ns1 gene of japanese encephalitis virus (jev) sa14-14-2 strain was produced by reverse transcriptase-mediated pcr (rt-pcr) and was cloned into vector pusk to form recombinant plasmid (designed as pusk-ns1). a co-transfection experiment was performed in porcine kidney (pk-15) cells with pusk-ns1 and the genome of the ... | 2004 | 15121294 |
| copatching and lipid raft association of different viral glycoproteins expressed on the surfaces of pseudorabies virus-infected cells. | pseudorabies virus (prv) is a swine alphaherpesvirus that is closely related to human herpes simplex virus (hsv). both prv and hsv express a variety of viral envelope glycoproteins in the plasma membranes of infected cells. here we show that at least four major prv glycoproteins (gb, gc, gd, and ge) in the plasma membrane of infected swine kidney cells and monocytes seem to be linked, since monospecific antibody-induced patching of any one of these proteins results in copatching of the others. f ... | 2004 | 15113909 |
| vaccine-induced t cell-mediated immunity plays a critical role in early protection against pseudorabies virus (suid herpes virus type 1) infection in pigs. | the aim of our study was to evaluate the relative importance of antibody and t cell-mediated immunity in protection against pseudorabies virus (suid herpes virus type 1) infection in pigs. we induced different levels of immune responses by using: (1) a modified live vaccine; (2) the same modified live vaccine with an oil-in-water (o/w) adjuvant; (3) an inactivated vaccine; and (4) the same inactivated vaccine with an o/w adjuvant. subsequently, we challenged pigs with virulent pseudorabies virus ... | 2004 | 15113659 |
| transcriptional response of a common permissive cell type to infection by two diverse alphaherpesviruses. | pseudorabies virus (prv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) are distantly related alphaherpesviruses whose natural hosts are pigs and humans, respectively. adult infections of natural hosts are mild and rarely lethal. however, both viruses are also able to infect other hosts, often with lethal effects. in this report, we use the paradigm of infection of a common permissive cell type and microarray analysis to determine if these two diverse alphaherpesviruses engage similar or different cell ... | 2004 | 15016872 |
| the use of different vaccination schedules for sows to protect piglets against aujeszky's disease. | several aujeszky's disease virus (adv) vaccination protocols of sows were evaluated with regard to the passive protection conferred on piglets in a recently built commercial farm. three different groups of sows were vaccinated using a bartha k-61 strain. one group received an inactivated vaccine during pregnancy and the other two groups received attenuated vaccines, either during pregnancy (day 65) or on the seventh day of lactation. at farrowing, sows vaccinated during lactation had lower seron ... | 2004 | 14995971 |
| suprachiasmatic nucleus input to autonomic circuits identified by retrograde transsynaptic transport of pseudorabies virus from the eye. | intraocular injection of the bartha strain of pseudorabies virus (prv bartha) results in transsynaptic infection of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (scn), a retinorecipient circadian oscillator. prv bartha infection of a limited number of retinorecipient structures, including the scn, was initially interpreted as the differential infection of a subpopulation of rat retinal ganglion cells, followed by replication and anterograde transport via the optic nerve. a recent report that used a ... | 2004 | 14991563 |
| resistance to pseudorabies virus infection in transformed cell lines expressing a soluble form of porcine herpesvirus entry mediator c. | porcine herpesvirus entry mediator c (hvec) is an alphaherpesvirus receptor that binds to virion glycoprotein d (gd). porcine hvec mediates entry of pseudorabies virus (prv), herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1). in order to assess the antiviral potential of a soluble form of porcine hvec, vero cells were transformed with the chimeric gene expressing a fusion protein (phvecig) consisting of an extracellular domain of porcine hvec and the fc p ... | 2004 | 14718632 |
| the neutralization of pseudorabies virus by anti-alpha-galactocyl natural antibody in normal serum. | pseudorabies virus (prv), a member of herpesviridae alphaherpes subfamily, can infect human cells in vitro. however, the transmission to old world primates including humans is strongly restricted. in this study, we report the neutralizing activity of normal human serum against prv grown in cpk cells derived from pig. prv grown in all old world primates-derived cells, which was tested in this study, were not neutralized by normal human serum. the virion of prv grown in cpk cells harbored galalpha ... | 2004 | 14687940 |
| specificity of three elisa-ge kits for screening pig meat for antibodies to aujeszky's disease. | muscle samples (20 g) from 2025 pig carcases from aujeszky's disease-free holdings were collected at the slaughterhouse. the samples were frozen and thawed to obtain meat juice, which was then analysed by three elisa-ge test kits in parallel, to assess their specificity. after two cycles of freezing and thawing, 2.2 per cent of the samples were dry. three times more of the samples from the sow carcases than from the finisher carcases yielded insufficient juice (< 220 microl). to validate the res ... | 2003 | 14653341 |
| effect of mild stress in mice latently infected pseudorabies virus. | stress is one of the important factors that induces reactivation of pseudorabies virus (prv) in latently infected pigs. we established a murine model of latent prv infection and examined the effects of mild stress treatment in order to demonstrate that this model simulates natural infection in the pig. latently infected mice excreted prv from the nasal cavity under stress treatments consisting of restraint, exposure to cold or transport. similar reactions have been observed upon treatment with a ... | 2003 | 14625402 |
| expression of pseudorabies virus ge epitopes in pichia pastoris and its utilization in an indirect prv ge-elisa. | pseudorabies virus glycoprotein e (prv ge) has been recognized as a suitable diagnostic antigen for pseudorabies. in order to produce ge antigen in large quantities and at low cost, a gene fragment encoding prv ge epitopes was expressed in pichia pastoris expression system. sds-page and western blotting revealed that the expression product was two recombinant proteins, approximately 38 and 32 kda, in the culture supernatant of p. pastoris integrant 72 h after induction. protein concentration ass ... | 2003 | 14625049 |
| neurons of the rat preoptic area and the raphe pallidus nucleus innervating the brown adipose tissue express the prostaglandin e receptor subtype ep3. | the major effector organ for thermogenesis during inflammation or experimental pyrogen-induced fever in rodents is the brown adipose tissue (bat). prostaglandin e2 (pge2) microinjection into the medial preoptic area (poa) of rats leads to hyperthermia through an increase in bat thermogenesis and induces pyrogenic signal transmission towards the raphe pallidus nucleus (rpa), a brainstem nucleus known to contain sympathetic premotor neurons for bat control. the medial poa has a high expression of ... | 2003 | 14622218 |
| are hypothalamic neurons transsynaptically connected to porcine adipose tissue? | specific anatomical sites and pathways responsible for mediating metabolic and neuroendocrine effects of leptin are still poorly understood. therefore, we examined distribution of leptin receptor-containing neurons transsynaptically connected with the porcine fat tissue by means of combined viral transneuronal tracing and immunohistochemical staining method. pseudorabies virus (prv) was injected into the perirenal fat tissue in pigs, and after survival periods of 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 days, hypotha ... | 2003 | 14592440 |
| the pseudorabies virus us2 protein, a virion tegument component, is prenylated in infected cells. | the us2 gene is conserved among alphaherpesviruses, but its function is not known. we demonstrate here that the pseudorabies virus (prv) us2 protein is synthesized early after infection and localizes to cytoplasmic vesicles and to the plasma membrane, despite the lack of a recognizable signal sequence or membrane-spanning domain. us2 protein is also packaged as part of the tegument of mature virions. the us2 carboxy-terminal four amino acids comprise a caax motif, a well-characterized signal for ... | 2003 | 14581565 |
| pseudorabies virus (prv)-specific antibodies suppress intracellular viral protein levels in prv-infected monocytes. | blood monocytes infected with pseudorabies virus (prv), a swine alphaherpesvirus, are not eliminated efficiently by antibody-dependent immunity and may occasionally transport prv to the pregnant uterus of vaccinated animals. this study examines in vitro the long-term fate of prv-infected monocytes cultivated in the presence of porcine prv-specific antibodies. all monocytes were infected and expressed viral late proteins, and 30 % of prv-infected monocytes cultivated with prv-specific antibodies ... | 2003 | 14573801 |
| potential sites of virus latency associated with indigenous pseudorabies viruses in feral swine. | free-ranging feral swine (sus scrofa) are known to be present in at least 32 states of the usa and are continuously expanding their range. infection with pseudorabies virus (prv) occurs in feral swine and the primary route of transmission in free-living conditions seems to be venereal. between 1995 and 1999, naturally infected feral swine and experimentally infected hybrid progeny of feral and domestic swine, were kept in isolation and evaluated for occurrence of latent prv indigenous to feral s ... | 2003 | 14567217 |
| spatial relative risk mapping of pseudorabies-seropositive pig herds in an animal-dense region. | this paper describes a new approach for spatial relative risk mapping as a tool for geographical risk assessment. the spatial epidemiological analysis is based on geographically referenced data about pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus infections at farm level in a region of high animal density in germany at the beginning of the national eradication project. on the basis of serological findings 186 farms were classified as positive out of a total of 482 investigated farms listed in veterinar ... | 2003 | 14535929 |
| application of phylogeny reconstruction and character-evolution analysis to inferring patterns of directional microbial transmission. | i used phylogenetic analyses to reconstruct patterns of directional interspecific transmission during a pseudorabies virus outbreak in illinois, usa, in 1989. isolates were recovered from five species: cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and raccoons (procyon lotor). i generated dna sequences for 16 isolates of pseudorabies virus at the glycoprotein c gene, from which i constructed phylogenetic trees. i then used these trees, in combination with parsimony-based analyses of character evolution, to infer ... | 2003 | 14516717 |
| aujeszky's disease in fattening pigs. | 2003 | 14516122 | |
| detection of porcine teschoviruses and enteroviruses by lightcycler real-time pcr. | porcine picornaviruses comprising at least 23 serotypes grouped into six species were described as causative agents of neurological disorders, reproductive failure, and aphthae-like dermal lesions of swine. other viruses such as classical swine fever virus (csfv), african swine fever virus, pseudorabies virus (prv), vesicular stomatitis virus, vesicular exanthema virus, porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus, and porcine parvovirus (ppv) may cause diseases with similar clinical symp ... | 2003 | 14500127 |
| application of a quantitative algorithm to restriction endonuclease analysis of aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus from a geographically localized outbreak. | a retrospective epidemiologic study was conducted to evaluate the application of an objective quantitative algorithm for estimating genetic similarity from restriction endonuclease analysis data. the analysis was performed to assist the determination of chronologic trends in an aujeszky's disease viral epidemic in a geographic region. dna from each viral isolate obtained during the epidemic was digested with 4 restriction endonucleases and molar ratio labeled to generate separate fragment patter ... | 1999 | 12968755 |
| neurological disorders associated with aujeszky's disease virus infection in fattening pigs. | 2003 | 12967147 | |
| manufacturing process of anti-thrombin iii concentrate: viral safety validation studies and effect of column re-use on viral clearance. | a manufacturing process for the production of anti-thrombin iiii concentrate is described, which is based primarily on heparin sepharose affinity chromatography. the process includes two sequential viral inactivation/removal procedures, applied to the fraction eluted from the column, the first by heating in aqueous solution at 60 degrees c for 10 h and the second by nanofiltration. using viral validation on a scaled-down process both treatments proved to be effective steps; able to inactivate or ... | 2003 | 12935804 |
| exogenous porcine viruses. | porcine organs, cells and tissues provide a viable source of transplants in humans, though there is some concern of public health risk from adaptation of swine infectious agents in humans. limited information is available on the public health risk of many exogenous swine viruses, and reliable and rapid diagnostic tests are available for only a few of these. the ability of several porcine viruses to cause transplacental fetal infection (parvoviruses, circoviruses, and arteriviruses), emergence or ... | 2003 | 12934944 |
| novel recombinant parapoxvirus vectors induce protective humoral and cellular immunity against lethal herpesvirus challenge infection in mice. | orf virus (orfv; parapoxvirus ovis) was used to develop a novel vector system for the generation of effective and safe live vaccines. based on the attenuated orfv strain d1701-v, recombinants were produced that express the glycoproteins gc (d1701-vrvgc) or gd (d1701-vrvgd) of the alphaherpesvirus of swine, pseudorabies virus (prv). expression of gc and gd was also demonstrated on the surface of recombinant virus-infected murine cells that do not produce infectious orfv. single or combined immuni ... | 2003 | 12915547 |
| characterization of changes in the short unique segment of pseudorabies virus buk-tk900 (suivac a) vaccine strain. | mutant strains of pseudorabies virus (prv) of reduced virulence, such as bartha or buk-tk900, have been used for vaccination purposes for many years. in contrast to the bartha strain, buk-tk900 has not been well characterised at the molecular level. the detailed analysis of this vaccine strain was urged by the fact of the isolation in poland of field strains which were suspected to originate from buk-tk900. we characterised changes in the u(s) region of this strain, focusing our attention on ge ... | 2003 | 12898333 |
| pseudorabies virus us3 protein kinase mediates actin stress fiber breakdown. | disruption of specific components of the host cytoskeleton has been reported for several viruses and is thought to be beneficial for viral replication and spread. our previous work demonstrated that infection of swine kidney (sk-6) cells with pseudorabies virus (prv), a swine alphaherpesvirus, induced actin stress fiber breakdown. in the present study, using several prv deletion mutants, we found that the us3 serine/threonine (s/t) protein kinase is involved in breakdown of actin stress fibers i ... | 2003 | 12885923 |
| a tef-1-element is required for activation of the promoter of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein x gene by ie180. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) immediate-early regulatory protein ie180 is able to transactivate the viral early and late genes. using chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) assay, we investigated the transactivation function of ie180 to the promoter of prv glycoprotein x (gx) gene, and our results showed that ie180 could significantly increase the expression of cat gene which was under the control of gx promoter. to further identify the activation domains of ie180 protein that interact with the ... | 2002 | 12881636 |
| suppression of promoter activity of the lat gene by ie180 of pseudorabies virus. | the latency-associated transcript (lat) gene is the only viral genomic region that is abundantly transcribed during pseudorabies virus (prv) latent infection. the mechanism of reactivation of prv from latency remains unknown. to analyze the regulation mechanism of the lat promoter, we constructed a series of recombinant vectors in which various sequences upstream of lat were linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene. transcriptional efficiency was examined by cotransfection with ... | 2002 | 12881635 |
| immunohistochemical characterisation of pcv2 associate lesions in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues of pigs with natural postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). | the lymphoid, renal, pulmonary, and hepatic lesions of naturally occurring postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) affected pigs have been studied by means of immunohistology. ten conventionally reared pigs showing acute clinical signs of pmws were selected from a farm on which animal were seronegative to porcine reproductive and respiratory virus and to aujeszky's disease virus. all pigs were positive in tests for porcine circovirus type 2 by ish and ihc. monoclonal and polyclonal ant ... | 2003 | 12842612 |
| use of a sindbis virus dna-based expression vector for induction of protective immunity against pseudorabies virus in pigs. | injection of plasmid dna encoding pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoproteins into pig muscle has been shown to result in protective immunity against lethal infection. nevertheless, such dna vaccines are still less efficient than some attenuated or killed live vaccines. one way to increase dna vaccine efficacy is to improve the vectorisation system at the molecular level, thereby enhancing the rate of in vivo-produced immunogen protein and consequently specific acquired immunity. the present study co ... | 2003 | 12814698 |
| brainstem substrates of sympatho-motor circuitry identified using trans-synaptic tracing with pseudorabies virus recombinants. | previous physiological investigations have suggested the existence of a neural circuit that coordinates activation of motor and autonomic efferents before or at the onset of exercise. traditionally these circuits have been postulated to involve forebrain areas. however, overlapping populations of medullary reticular formation neurons that participate in motor or autonomic control have been described previously, suggesting that individual pontomedullary reticular formation neurons may coordinate ... | 2003 | 12805305 |
| effect of dietary fumonisin b1 on certain immune parameters of weaned pigs. | only few data are available on the effect of fumonisins on the immune response. the aim of the present study was to examine whether dietary fumonisin b1 (fb1) has any effect on the humoral and cellular immune response in weaned pigs, depending on the dose and the time of toxin exposure. fusarium moniliforme fungal culture was added to the experimental animals' diet to ensure an fb1 intake of 1, 5 and 10 ppm (first experiment) or 100 mg per animal per day (second experiment). the control animals ... | 2003 | 12737044 |
| l-particle production during primary replication of pseudorabies virus in the nasal mucosa of swine. | different tissue culture cell lines infected with a number of alphaherpesviruses produce, in addition to virions, light particles (l particles). l particles are composed of the envelope and tegument components of the virion but totally lack the proteins of the capsid and the virus genome; therefore, they are noninfectious. in this electron microscopy report, we show that l particles are produced during primary replication of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv) in the nasal mucosa of ex ... | 2003 | 12719558 |
| experimental dual infection of specific pathogen-free pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and pseudorabies virus. | twenty 6-week-old specific pathogen-free pigs were divided into four groups. on day 0 of the experiment, prrsv-prv (n = 6) and prrsv (n = 4) groups were intranasally inoculated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) (10(5.6) tcid50). on day 7, the prrsv-prv and prv (n = 6) groups were intranasally inoculated with pseudorabies virus (prv) (10(3.6) tcid50). control pigs (n = 4) were kept as uninoculated negative controls. half of the pigs in each group were euthanized and ... | 2003 | 12710495 |
| [induction or inhibition of apoptosis by pseudorabies virus ea strain in suckling piglets]. | to study induction or inhibition of apoptosis by pseudorabies virus (prv) ea strain in suckling piglets, aujeszky s disease was replicated by artificially inoculating 15 day-old piglets with prv-ea strain. various tissue sections, such as lymphoid tissues and nervous tissues were collected. transmission electron microscopy, dna fragmentation assay, and in situ terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dutp nick end-labeling (tunel) staining were carried to analyze apoptotic cells. it was sh ... | 2003 | 12673385 |
| a role for glycoprotein c in pseudorabies virus entry that is independent of virus attachment to heparan sulfate and which involves the actin cytoskeleton. | glycoprotein c (gc) of pseudorabies virus, a swine herpesvirus, initiates virus attachment by binding to heparan sulfate (hs) linked to proteoglycans (hspgs) on the cell surface. this interaction facilitates a required step in virus entry, the binding to a non-hs coreceptor, likely by another viral glycoprotein, gd. we demonstrate that gc has an even more direct role in virus entry than simply promoting adhesion strengthening. a porcine cell line expressing gc trans-complemented the penetration, ... | 2003 | 12667810 |
| antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins and ge-gi fc receptor activity protect pseudorabies virus-infected monocytes from efficient complement-mediated lysis. | pseudorabies virus (prv)-infected blood monocytes are able to transport virus throughout the body of vaccination-immune pigs. prv-infected monocytes express viral glycoproteins in their plasma membrane that can be recognized by virus-specific antibodies. recently, it has been shown that addition of prv-specific polyclonal immunoglobulins to prv-infected monocytes at 37 degrees c induces internalization of the majority of plasma membrane-expressed viral glycoproteins. this study investigated whet ... | 2003 | 12655095 |
| [porcine malignant catarrhal fever: diagnostic findings and first detection of the pathogenic agent in diseased swine in switzerland]. | for the first time ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) was identified in swiss pigs as the causative agent of porcine malignant catarrhal fever (mcf). diseased animals from two farms were observed to show weakness, anorexia, fever up to 41 degrees c, and neurological symptoms, i.e. ataxia, convulsions and hyperesthesia, erosion on the snout and in the oral and nasal mucosa, as well as multiple skin lesions. histopathological findings included severe non-purulent inflammation with mononuclear cell infil ... | 2003 | 12649951 |
| dna vaccination of neonate piglets in the face of maternal immunity induces humoral memory and protection against a virulent pseudorabies virus challenge. | dna vaccination represents a unique opportunity to overcome the limitations of conventional vaccine strategy in early life in the face of maternal-derived immunity. we used the model of pseudorabies virus (prv) infection in pigs to further explore the potential of dna vaccination in piglets born to sows repeatedly vaccinated with a prv inactivated vaccine. a single immunisation of 8-week-old piglets with a dna vaccine expressing secreted forms of prv gb, gc, and gd, triggered an active serologic ... | 2003 | 12639497 |
| zentralblatt für bakteriologie--100 years ago aladár aujeszky detects a 'new' disease--or: it was the cow and not the sow. | 2003 | 12635925 | |
| imaging of the varicella zoster virion in the viral highways: comparison with herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, pseudorabies virus, and human herpes viruses 6 and 7. | imaging by scanning electron microscopy (sem) can provide insight into viral egress. at a low magnification level, varicella zoster virions (vzv) emerge from an infected cell surface in a distinctive pattern previously described as "viral highways." viral highways consist of thousands of particles arranged in linear pathways across the syncytial surface. this egress pattern has not been described with other herpesviruses, but a systematic analysis has not been performed. therefore, the character ... | 2003 | 12627497 |
| transmission of pseudorabies virus from immune-masked blood monocytes to endothelial cells. | pseudorabies virus (prv) may cause abortion, even in the presence of vaccination-induced immunity. blood monocytes are essential to transport the virus in these immune animals, including transport to the pregnant uterus. infected monocytes express viral proteins on their cell surface. specific antibodies recognize these proteins and should activate antibody-dependent cell lysis. previous work showed that addition of prv-specific polyclonal antibodies to prv-infected monocytes induced internaliza ... | 2003 | 12604815 |
| characterisation of porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells according to their cytokine profile. | the influence of interferon (ifn)-alpha on the in vitro differentiation of myeloid porcine dendritic cells (dc) was evaluated as the ability of the dc to stimulate to cell proliferation in a mixed leukocyte reaction (mlr), and as their ability to produce cytokines at exposure to bacterial and viral preparations. porcine monocytes were enriched from purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) by plastic adherence and cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating fac ... | 2003 | 12586481 |
| [construction of pseudorabies virus ea tk-/ge-/gp63- mutant strain and the study on its biological property]. | using pseudorabies virus ea strain as material, we inserted lacz gene expression cassette into ge gene. after blue plaque and plaque purification, a recombinant virus prvea tk-/ge-/lacz+ generated. utilizing ecor i site in lacz gene, digested prvea tk-/ge-/lacz+ genome dna was cotransfected into pk-15 cells with plasmid pfbbs, then prvea tk-/ge-/gp63- generated after plaque purification. four pairs of primers amplification demonstrated the virus was pure tk-/ge-/gp63- mutant virus. pcr product s ... | 2002 | 12557382 |
| [cloning, expression of the gi gene of pseudorabies virus ea strain and its effection to viral replication]. | the complete gi was cloned from the genomic dna of pseudorabies virus (prv) ea strain and the dna sequence was determined by sanger's sequencing technique. the nucleotide and deduced animo acids sequences indicated that the gi gene of prv ea strain is composed of 1101 base pairs and could encode 366 animo acids residues. the result of predicted ii class structure showed that gi is a typical i class envelope protein. when compared with prv rice strain, there were multiple mutations in the gi gene ... | 2002 | 12557367 |
| molecular characterization of the pig c3 gene and its association with complement activity. | the complement system catalyzes direct lysis of micro-organisms and modulates phagocytosis, inflammation, humoral and cellular immune responses. since the complement protein c3 is the central component within all pathways of complement activation, c3 is a candidate gene for complement activity and also for improved protection against many pathogens. the pig c3 gene was sequenced, screened for polymorphisms, and analyzed for association with hemolytic complement activity of the alternative and cl ... | 2003 | 12557058 |
| [combined use of killed vaccines and immunomodulator ridostin for urgent prevention of epidemic stomatitis, aujeszky disease and carnivore plague in experiment]. | results of experimental studies of mice and pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus, minks infected with aujeszky's disease virus, and dogs infected with canine distemper virus are described. in animals with foot-and-mouth disease and aujeszky's disease, combined treatment with killed vaccine and immunomodulator ridostin by the scheme of urgent prophylaxis (3 days before infection) caused 75% (foot-and-mouth disease) and 100% (aujeszky's disease) prevention of animal death and developmen ... | 2002 | 12508681 |
| establishment and characterization of two new pig cell lines for use in virological diagnostic laboratories. | two pig cell lines derived from kidney and trachea tissues and referred to as newborn swine kidney (nsk) and newborn pig trachea (nptr) were established following serial culture of primary cells. they were characterized by an epithelial-like morphology, high capacity to replicate and stability of the cell monolayer for several days after seeding. their modal chromosome number was modified in comparison to that of primary swine cells and they both displayed a transforming potential in vitro and d ... | 2003 | 12505635 |
| survival and immunization of raccoons after exposure to pseudorabies (aujeszky's disease) virus gene-deleted vaccines. | in a controlled experiment, 16 wild-trapped raccoons were exposed to 1 of 2 genetically modified live pseudorabies virus (prv) vaccines used in swine. one vaccine had genes deleted for thymidine kinase (tk(-)) and glycoprotein g (gg(-)); the other had an additional deletion for glycoprotein e (ge(-)). these vaccines were administered orally and intranasally at four dose levels: 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), and 10(6) tcid(50). the 21 days survival rate was 37.5% for the gg(-)tk(-) vaccine; all of the sur ... | 2003 | 12488067 |
| quantitative analysis of the antigen-specific ifngamma+ t cell-mediated immune response in conventional outbred pigs: kinetics and duration of the dna-induced ifngamma+ cd8+ t cell response. | it is now well established that antigen-specific cd8(+) t cells play a major role in vaccine-induced immunity against intracellular pathogens and tumor cells. the detection of these immune cells in outbred animals has been hampered mainly by the need to generate individual autologous antigen-presenting cells (apcs) due to the high degree of polymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i loci. we used individually derived immature porcine dendritic cells infected with a pox-ba ... | 2002 | 12459166 |
| assessment of replication and virulence of attenuated pseudorabies virus in swine. | a nonclinical study was conducted to characterize the replication behavior of a modified live ge-deleted pseudorabies virus (prv ms+1) in swine and potential for reversion to virulence after animal passages. two to 3 week-old weaned pigs, negative for prv, were maintained in isolation and challenged by intranasal instillation. for the first passage, 6 pigs were given 1 ml of prv ms+1 (10(7.3)tcid(50)/ml) and 2 were necropsied at 3, 4 and 5 days post-inoculation (pi). brain and secondary lymphoid ... | 2002 | 12441673 |
| broad-spectrum virus reduction in red cell concentrates using inactine pen110 chemistry. | the risk of transmission of blood-borne pathogens by transfusion is a persistent problem in medicine. to address this safety issue, inactine pen110 chemistry is being utilized to develop a process for preparing pathogen-reduced red blood cell concentrates (rbcc). the purpose of this study was to characterize the virucidal effectiveness of the inactine pen110 chemistry in full units of rbcc by using a panel of viruses with diverse properties in composition, size and shape. | 2002 | 12437518 |
| passive transfer of virus-specific antibodies confers protection against reproductive failure induced by a virulent strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and establishes sterilizing immunity. | immune mechanisms mediating protective immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) are not well understood. the prrsv-specific humoral immune response has been dismissed as being ineffective and perhaps deleterious for the host. the function of prrsv antibodies in protective immunity against infection with a highly abortifacient strain of this virus was examined by passive transfer experiments in pregnant swine. all of a group of pregnant gilts (n = 6) that recei ... | 2002 | 12429512 |
| a bayesian model for spatial wildlife disease prevalence data. | the analysis of the geographical distribution of disease on the scale of geographic areas such as administrative boundaries plays an important role in veterinary epidemiology. prevalence estimates of wildlife population surveys are often based on regional count data generated by sampling animals shot by hunters. the observed disease rate per spatial unit is not an useful estimate of the underlying disease prevalence due to different sample sizes and spatial dependencies between neighbouring area ... | 2002 | 12419601 |
| natural aujeszky's disease in a spanish wild boar population. | we describe an outbreak of aujeszky's disease (ad) in a wild boar (sus scrofa) population from central spain. mortality was estimated to be at least 14% (14/100) in juveniles and 7.5% (3/40) in adults. most of the affected animals (12/17) were between 4 and 8 months of age. gross lesions mainly consisted of enlarged and congestive tonsils and lymph nodes, petechial hemorrhages on the small intestine, and engorged blood vessels in the brain and meninges. histopathology revealed mild nonsuppurativ ... | 2002 | 12381593 |
| protective antiviral immune responses to pseudorabies virus induced by dna vaccination using dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide as an adjuvant. | to enhance the efficacy of a dna vaccine against pseudorabies virus (prv), we evaluated the adjuvant properties of plasmids coding for gamma interferon or interleukin-12, of cpg immunostimulatory motifs, and of the conventional adjuvants dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide in water (dda) and sulfolipo-cyclodextrin in squalene in water. we demonstrate that a dna vaccine combined with dda, but not with the other adjuvants, induced significantly stronger immune responses than plasmid vaccination al ... | 2002 | 12239334 |
| increased prevalence of brucella suis and pseudorabies virus antibodies in adults of an isolated feral swine population in coastal south carolina. | two hundred twenty seven adult (> 8 mo) feral swine (sus scrofa) trapped from april through july 1999 at three locations on a coastal south carolina (usa) peninsula with restricted ingress and egress were tested for brucella suis and pseudorabies virus (prv) antibodies. approximately 44% of the animals tested positive for b. suis antibodies and 61% tested positive for antibodies to prv. previous surveys (1976 and 1992) of feral swine at the same location with similar methods indicated lower sero ... | 2002 | 12238392 |
| antibodies to selected viral and bacterial pathogens in european wild boars from southcentral spain. | serum samples from 78 european wild boars (sus scrofa) harvested during the 1999-2000 hunting season were tested for antibodies to brucella spp., classical swine fever virus, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, haemophilus parasuis, leptospira interrogans serovar pomona, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, salmonella serogroups b, c, and d, streptococcus suis, and swine influenza virus (siv) serotypes h1n1 a ... | 2002 | 12238391 |
| physical interaction between envelope glycoproteins e and m of pseudorabies virus and the major tegument protein ul49. | envelope glycoprotein m (gm) and the complex formed by glycoproteins e (ge) and i (gi) are involved in the secondary envelopment of pseudorabies virus (prv) particles in the cytoplasm of infected cells. in the absence of the ge-gi complex and gm, envelopment is blocked and capsids surrounded by tegument proteins accumulate in the cytoplasm (a. r. brack, j. dijkstra, h. granzow, b. g. klupp, and t. c. mettenleiter, j. virol. 73:5364-5372, 1999). here we demonstrate by yeast two-hybrid analyses th ... | 2002 | 12134026 |
| prevalence of antibodies to classical swine fever, aujeszky's disease, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses in wild boars in croatia. | during the hunting season in february 1999, a total of 44 blood samples were collected from wild boars shot in the area of moslavacka gora. these blood samples were examined by enzyme immunoassay for the presence of antibodies to classical swine fever (csfv), aujeszky's disease (adv), bovine viral diarrhoea (bvdv), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrsv) viruses. out of 44 serum samples examined, 17 (38.63%) were positive for csfv, 24 (54.54%) were positive for adv and two (4.5 ... | 2002 | 12121047 |
| virus safety of a porcine-derived medical device: evaluation of a viral inactivation method. | the goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a virus-inactivating process for use during the preparation of porcine-derived extracellular matrix biomaterials for human clinical implantation. porcine small intestine, the source material for the tissue-engineered, small intestinal submucosa (sis) biomaterial, was evaluated. relevant enveloped, non-enveloped, and model viruses representative of different virus families were included in the investigation: porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine ... | 2002 | 12115437 |
| risk factors for aujeszky's-disease seropositivity of swine herds of a region of northern italy. | vaccination programs to control aujeszky's-disease virus (adv) using ge-deleted vaccines are being considered in several european countries. knowledge of factors influencing adv-seropositivity for vaccinated herds might contribute to the success of these programs. a multivariable analysis of adv-seropositivity in 1248 swine herds (332 farrow-to-finish, 260 farrow-to-feeder and 656 finishing herds) in the emilia-romagna region of italy revealed that (1) high pig density (number of pigs in a 6-km ... | 2002 | 12114009 |
| continuous porcine cell lines developed from alveolar macrophages: partial characterization and virus susceptibility. | porcine monomyeloid cell lines were established following transfection of primary porcine alveolar macrophage cultures with plasmid psv3neo, carrying genes for neomycin resistance and sv40 large t antigen. the parental clone 3d4 exhibited a relatively rapid doubling time (25.5 h), high plating efficiency and mixed phenotype with respect to growth on a solid support. single cell cloning of the 3d4 parent resulted in establishment of several cell lines; three of them designated 3d4/2, 3d4/21 and 3 ... | 2002 | 12088830 |
| cloning and regulation of the promoter of pseudorabies virus (tnl strain) glycoprotein e gene. | the nucleotide sequence upstream to the glycoprotein e (ge) gene of pseudorabies virus (prv, tnl strain) was cloned from the genomic virus dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and its dna sequences were determined. the dna segment, which was supposed to contain the ge promoter, was subcloned into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) reporter gene and the resulting plasmid was named pgep-b-cat. to examine the promoter function of this upstream sequence of ge gene, we transfected pgep-b-cat ... | 2002 | 12086144 |
| a tyrosine-based motif in the cytoplasmic tail of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein b is important for both antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins and efficient cell-to-cell spread. | pseudorabies virus (prv), a swine alphaherpesvirus, is capable of causing viremia in vaccinated animals. two mechanisms that may help prv avoid recognition by the host immune system during this viremia are direct cell-to-cell spread in tissue and antibody-induced internalization of viral cell surface glycoproteins in prv-infected blood monocytes, the carrier cells of the virus in the blood. prv glycoprotein b (gb) is crucial during both processes. here we show that mutating a tyrosine residue lo ... | 2002 | 12050399 |
| virus propagation in a swine monocyte cell line. | the propagation of seventeen virus strains, classified into five virus families, in a swine monocyte cell line (sw/k99) was studied in the point of infective progeny production. the viruses examined were adapted to grow in a swine epithelial cell line (ksek6) and were proved to show clear cpe in advance. these viruses were successively passaged in the monocyte cultures regardless of cpe occurrence. the cultures at 3rd passage level were titrated for their infectivity using ksek6 cells. out of th ... | 2002 | 12019716 |
| pseudorabies virus-based gene delivery to rat embryonic spinal cord grafts. | the construction and application of recombinant pseudorabies viruses (prvs) for the delivery of beta-galactosidase and/or green fluorescent protein (gfp) genes to rat embryonic spinal cord cells are reported here. these viruses were specifically designed to infect embryonic spinal cord neurons, which can be grafted into a lesioned spinal cord in order to restore the lost functions of the host cord. the recombinant viruses were constructed in two steps. the small subunit of the ribonucleotide red ... | 2002 | 11936971 |
| pseudorabies virus (prv) is protected from complement attack by cellular factors and glycoprotein c (gc). | swine kidney derived cpk cells were resistant to swine complement attack in vitro while rabbit kidney derived rk13 cells were destroyed by swine complement. to rabbit complement, rk13 cells were resistant but cpk cells were sensitive. this phenomenon was known as homologous restriction (proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 78 (1981) 5118). the gc deletion mutant of pseudorabies virus (prvdlgc) grown in cpk cells was resistant to swine complement while the same virus grown in rk13 cells was neutralized by ... | 2002 | 11900841 |
| temporary disturbance of actin stress fibers in swine kidney cells during pseudorabies virus infection. | rounding and loosening of cells is a consequence of infection with pseudorabies virus (prv), both in vitro and in vivo. these changes in the normal structure of the cell may be the result of cytoskeletal changes. immunofluorescence staining of actin filaments and microtubule bundles was performed to examine whether prv induces a reorganization of these cytoskeletal components in infected swine kidney (sk) cells. every 2h until 12h post-inoculation (p.i.), cells were washed in cytoskeleton stabil ... | 2002 | 11888692 |
| improvement of serological discrimination between herpesvirus-infected animals and animals vaccinated with marker vaccines. | control/eradication plans of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) and suid herpesvirus 1 (shv1) infections involve vaccination with inactivated or attenuated ge-deleted marker vaccines and associated companion serological tests to discriminate naturally infected from vaccinated animals. blocking or competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been designed for the detection of specific antibodies against bhv1 or shv1 ge glycoprotein. the antigen source usually consists of a crude viral pr ... | 2002 | 11888690 |
| antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins in pseudorabies virus-infected monocytes and role of the cytoskeleton: a confocal study. | addition of pseudorabies virus (prv)-specific polyclonal immunoglobulins to prv-infected monocytes induces internalization of plasma membrane anchored viral glycoproteins. this process may interfere with antibody-dependent cell lysis and resembles the well-studied physiological endocytosis process. a confocal study was designed to investigate whether the major cellular components, involved in physiological endocytosis (clathrin, actin, dynein and microtubules), play a role in this virological in ... | 2002 | 11888689 |
| risk factors for aujeszky's disease in pig herds and detection of field virus antibodies in fattening pigs in the state of yucatan, mexico. | two epidemiological studies were conducted from august 1997 to may 1998: a case-control study to identify herd level risk factors for antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus (adv) in sows in the state of yucatan, mexico and a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of antibodies against adv in fattening pigs. in the case-control study, data on herd management and biosecurity were obtained from all the 27 adv known field-virus-seropositive farms (cases) and 62 randomly selected seronegat ... | 2002 | 11830294 |
| long-term influence of lipid nutrition on the induction of cd8(+) responses to viral or bacterial antigens. | porcine cd8(+) lymphocytes are critical for the development of cellular immune responses to bacterial (i.e. cd8alphaalpha(+)) and viral (i.e. cd8alphabeta(+) lymphocytes) pathogens. vaccination and challenge modulate the kinetics of appearance of cd8(+) cells in peripheral blood. in addition to antigen-mediated modulation, nutritional modulation can also influence cell-mediated immunity. we had previously observed that diets supplemented with a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) isomers e ... | 2002 | 11818164 |
| characterization of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein c attachment to heparan sulfate proteoglycans. | pseudorabies virus first attaches to cells through an interaction between the envelope glycoprotein c (gc) and the cell surface heparan sulfate (hs) that is linked to proteoglycans (hspgs). the hs-binding domain of gc is composed of three discrete heparin-binding domains (hbds), designated hbd1, -2 and -3 for their proximity to the amino terminus of gc. each hbd can independently mediate virus attachment to hs, yet each also exhibits a distinct binding preference for differentially sulfated deri ... | 2002 | 11807222 |
| protection induced by intramuscular immunization with dna vaccines of pseudorabies in mice, rabbits and piglets. | glycoprotein gene gb, gc and gd of pseudorabies virus (prv) strain ea, which was isolated locally in wuhan, were cloned from the viral genome dna and expressed in vitro controlled by the major immediately-early promotor/enhancer of hcmv. in the presented paper, balb/c mice, rabbits and piglets were vaccinated intramuscularly two times at 2-week interval with those eukaryotic expression plasmid pcdb, pcdc and pcdd, respectively. the animals injected with pcdb, pcdc, pcdd or mix dna developed anti ... | 2002 | 11803083 |
| a simple selection system for construction of recombinant gd-negative pseudorabies virus as a vaccine vector. | we describe a simple, efficient two-step method for construction of glycoprotein d (gd)-negative pseudorabies virus (prv) carrying transgenes inserted in place of the gd gene. the first step was the use of the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of herpes simplex virus (hsv) for insertional inactivation of the gd gene in a prv mutant deficient in both tk and glycoprotein e (ge). the gd-negative, hsv-tk-positive mutant could be selected in hat medium. the second step was substitution of hsv-tk with other ... | 2002 | 11803081 |
| [sero-monitoring of notifiable diseases in wild boar in the netherlands 1999-2001]. | within the framework of a sero-monitoring system, in operation since 1996. blood samples from wild boar shot during the hunting seasons 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 in the netherlands were screened for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), and anjeszky's disease virus (adv). the results indicate that csfv, svdv, and adv are uncommon in the wild boar population in the netherlands. because of the recent foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) ... | 2001 | 11780256 |
| a serodiagnostic elisa using recombinant antigen of swine transmissible gastroenteritis virus nucleoprotein. | a serodiagnostic elisa utilizing the recombinant nucleoprotein (rn protein) of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was developed, and evaluated by examining a panel of 141 virus neutralization (vn) positive and 101 negative sera. the rn protein-based elisa (rnelisa) appeared to be highly sensitive and specific (98.6% and 98.0%, respectively) when it was compared to the vn test. the result was similar to that of an elisa based on purified viral antigens with showing good correlation (r=0.8 ... | 2001 | 11767065 |
| detection of quantitative trait loci for resistance/susceptibility to pseudorabies virus in swine. | this study describes genetic differences in resistance/susceptibility to pseudorabies virus (prv) between european large white and chinese meishan pigs, with a mapping of quantitative trait loci (qtl) obtained from a genome-wide scan in f(2) animals. eighty-nine f(2) pigs were challenged intranasally at 12 weeks with 10(5) p.f.u. of the wild-type prv strain nia-3. for qtl analysis, 85 microsatellite markers, evenly spaced on the 18 porcine autosomes and on the pseudoautosomal region of the x chr ... | 2002 | 11752713 |
| the pseudorabies virus vp22 homologue (ul49) is dispensable for virus growth in vitro and has no effect on virulence and neuronal spread in rodents. | the tegument of herpesvirus virions is a distinctive structure whose assembly and function are not well understood. the herpes simplex virus type 1 vp22 tegument protein encoded by the ul49 gene is conserved among the alphaherpesviruses. using cell biology and viral genetics, we provide an initial characterization of the pseudorabies virus (prv) vp22 homologue. we identified three isoforms of vp22 present in prv-infected cells that can be resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the predo ... | 2002 | 11752167 |
| laryngeal and respiratory protective reflexes. | swallowing is a complex motor behavior that relies on an interneuronal network of premotor neurons (pmns) to organize the sequential activity of motor neurons that are active during the buccopharyngeal and esophageal phases. swallowing pmns are highly interconnected to multiple areas of the brain stem and the central nervous system and provide a potential anatomic substrate integration of swallowing activity with airway protective reflexes. because these neurons have synaptic contact with both a ... | 2001 | 11749932 |
| the correlation of virus-specific interferon-gamma production and protection against classical swine fever virus infection. | the level of antigen-specific interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) production can be used as an indicator of cellular immunity. in this study, we investigated the role of cellular immune response in protection against classical swine fever virus (csfv). pigs were vaccinated once with csfv vaccine and challenged 6 days post-vaccination (dpv). vaccinated animals had significantly higher csfv-specific ifn-gamma secreting cells than the unvaccinated pigs (p<0.05) at the time of challenge and were protected ... | 2001 | 11730928 |
| [expression of the ge gene of pseudorabies virus in insect cells]. | in order to develop a simple and safe test for the detection of vaccinated as well as wild type pseudorabies virus (prv) infected pigs, the modified ge gene of prv ea strain, obtained by cutting the 5' utr using pcr and dna recombinant technique, was inserted into baculovirus expression vector pfastbac 1, resulting the trans-position plamid pfe1.75. after homologous recombination, recombinant baculovirus rvbace1.75 was gained and high level expression of glycoprotein e (ge) was observed after th ... | 2001 | 11702707 |
| insertions in the gg gene of pseudorabies virus reduce expression of the upstream us3 protein and inhibit cell-to-cell spread of virus infection. | the alphaherpesvirus us4 gene encodes glycoprotein g (gg), which is conserved in most viruses of the alphaherpesvirus subfamily. in the swine pathogen pseudorabies virus (prv), mutant viruses with internal deletions and insertions in the gg gene have shown no discernible phenotypes. we report that insertions in the gg locus of the attenuated prv strain bartha show reduced virulence in vivo and are defective in their ability to spread from cell to cell in a cell-type-specific manner. similar inse ... | 2001 | 11602726 |
| clinical and pathological observations on pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | the aim of this work was to characterise the lesions and agents present in clinically normal and clinically affected pigs on a farm during an outbreak of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), and to evaluate the diagnostic techniques for detecting porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and other microorganisms. four pigs in the early stage and 11 pigs in the late stage of the disease, and eight clinically normal pigs were necropsied. samples of lymphoid tissue and serum were also obtaine ... | 2001 | 11594382 |
| glycoprotein d-independent infectivity of pseudorabies virus results in an alteration of in vivo host range and correlates with mutations in glycoproteins b and h. | infection of cells by herpesviruses is initiated by the interaction of viral envelope glycoproteins with cellular receptors. in the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv), the causative agent of aujeszky's disease in pigs, the essential glycoprotein d (gd) mediates secondary attachment of virions to target cells by binding to newly identified cellular receptors (r. j. geraghty, c. krummenacher, g. h. cohen, r. j. eisenberg, and p. g. spear, science 280:1618-1620, 1998). however, in the presen ... | 2001 | 11581374 |
| persistence of escherichia coli, salmonella choleraesuis, aujeszky's disease virus and blue eye disease virus in ensilages based on the solid fraction of pig faeces. | this study was carried out to determine the survival time of escherichia coli, salmonella choleraesuis, aujeszky's disease virus and blue eye disease virus in ensilages based on the solid fraction of pig faeces. | 2001 | 11576313 |
| involvement of cellular cytoskeleton components in antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins in pseudorabies virus-infected monocytes. | addition of pseudorabies virus (prv)-specific polyclonal immunoglobulins to prv-infected monocytes induces internalization of plasma membrane-anchored viral glycoproteins and this may interfere with antibody-dependent cell lysis. we investigated the role of actin, microtubules, clathrin, and dynein, the major cellular components involved in physiological endocytosis during this virological internalization. porcine monocytes were infected in vitro for 13 h and afterward treated with different con ... | 2001 | 11543665 |
| a conserved alpha-herpesvirus protein necessary for axonal localization of viral membrane proteins. | pseudorabies virus, an alpha-herpesvirus, is capable of infecting the nervous system and spreading between synaptically connected neurons in diverse hosts. at least three viral membrane proteins (ge, gi, and us9) are necessary for the spread of infection from presynaptic to postsynaptic neurons (anterograde spread) in infected rodents. to understand how these proteins effect anterograde spread between neurons, we analyzed the subcellular localization of viral proteins after infection of cultured ... | 2001 | 11502759 |
| changes in peripheral blood leukocyte populations in pigs with natural postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). | the objective of the present study was to analyze, by flow cytometry, changes in pbmc subsets in pigs having postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), a new condition associated to porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection. thirteen acutely pmws affected pigs were selected from a farm seronegative to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and to aujeszky's disease virus (adv); 11 clinically healthy pigs were selected from a high health farm with no history of pmws ... | 2001 | 11498245 |
| comparative utility of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and gene sequencing to the molecular epidemiological investigation of a viral outbreak. | restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis and partial-genome dna sequencing are commonly used to infer genetic relationships among pathogens. this study compares the application of both techniques to the analysis of 16 pseudorabies virus isolates collected during a 1989 outbreak. genetic distances derived from rflp and dna sequence data were not significantly correlated with geographic distances between farms from which isolates were collected. rflp-based genetic distance was, how ... | 2001 | 11467798 |
| sequence and expression analyses of the ul37 and ul38 genes of aujeszky's disease virus. | previously, we sequenced the hsv-1 ul39-ul40 homologue genes of aujeszky's disease virus (adv), also designated as pseudorabies virus (kaliman et al., 1994a, b). now we report the nucleotide sequence of the adjacent dna that encodes ul38, the 5'-region (750 bp) of ul37, and the promoter regions between these divergently arranged two genes. the adv ul38 gene encodes a protein of 368 amino acids. amino acid sequence comparison of adv ul38 with that of other herpesviruses revealed significant struc ... | 2000 | 11402671 |
| long-term effects of social stress on antiviral immunity in pigs. | mixing of unfamiliar pigs is common practice in intensive pig husbandry. since pigs maintain a dominance hierarchy, mixing often leads to vigorous fighting. apart from the negative impact that fighting has on welfare, there is evidence that the social stress associated with fighting suppresses immune function. in the present experiment, we investigated the impact of mixing on specific long-term immune responses and protection against challenge infection after vaccination with pseudorabies virus ... | 2001 | 11399306 |
| vaccination of pigs with a recombinant porcine adenovirus expressing the gd gene from pseudorabies virus. | five week old, commercially available large white pigs were vaccinated with either a single dose or two doses of a recombinant porcine adenovirus expressing the glycoprotein d gene from pseudorabies virus (prv). pigs were monitored for the development of serum neutralizing antibodies to prv and challenged 3 weeks after final vaccination. prior to challenge, pigs given 2 doses of the vaccine demonstrated boosted levels of antibody compared with those given a single dose, and all surviving pigs ha ... | 2001 | 11395210 |