Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| molecular characterization of the interaction of staphylococcal microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (mscramm) clfa and fbl with fibrinogen. | the ligand-binding domain of fbl (the fibrinogen binding protein from staphylococcus lugdunensis) shares 60% sequence identity with clfa (clumping factor a) of staphylococcus aureus. recombinant fbl corresponding to the minimum fibrinogen-binding region (subdomains n2n3) was compared with clfa for binding to fibrinogen. fbl and clfa had very similar affinities for fibrinogen by surface plasmon resonance. the binding site for fbl in fibrinogen was localized to the extreme c terminus of the fibrin ... | 2010 | 20007717 |
| the p2x7-nonmuscle myosin membrane complex regulates phagocytosis of nonopsonized particles and bacteria by a pathway attenuated by extracellular atp. | phagocytosis of nonopsonized bacteria is central to innate immunity, but its regulation is less defined. we show that overexpression of the p2x(7) receptor greatly augments the phagocytosis of nonopsonized beads and heat-killed bacteria by transfected hek-293 cells, whereas blocking p2x(7) expression by sirna significantly reduces the phagocytic ability of human monocytic cells. an intact p2x(7)-nonmuscle myosin complex is required for phagocytosis of nonopsonized beads because activation of p2x ... | 2010 | 20007545 |
| bactericidal activity of daptomycin versus vancomycin in the presence of human albumin against vancomycin-susceptible but tolerant methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) with daptomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations of 1-2microg/ml. | this study explored the influence of vancomycin tolerance and protein binding on the bactericidal activity of vancomycin versus daptomycin (protein binding 36.9% vs. 91.7%, respectively) against four vancomycin-tolerant methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) [minimum inhibitory concentration/minimum bactericidal concentration (mic/mbc)=0.5/16, 1/32, 2/32 and 1/32microg/ml for vancomycin and 1/1, 1/2, 2/2 and 2/4microg/ml for daptomycin]. killing curves were performed with vancomycin/ ... | 2010 | 20006469 |
| a proteomic view of cell physiology and virulence of staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is a human pathogen that has advanced to a main problem in hospital settings since effective treatment options for infections caused by this pathogen are limited. thus, new strategies to prevent and treat s. aureus infections and rapid diagnostic tools are urgently needed. the course of an s. aureus infection largely depends on successful adaptation to the host environment and a very complex and poorly understood interplay of bacterial virulence factors with each other and ... | 2010 | 20005169 |
| controlling the release of peptide antimicrobial agents from surfaces. | medical conditions are often exacerbated by the onset of infection caused by hospital dwelling bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus. antibiotics taken orally or intravenously can require large and frequent doses, further contributing to the sharp rise in resistant bacteria observed over the past several decades. these existing antibiotics are also often ineffective in preventing biofilm formation, a common cause of medical device failure. local delivery of new therapeutic agents that do not al ... | 2010 | 20004967 |
| single-nucleotide polymorphism in the sccmec-orfx junction distinguishes between livestock-associated mrsa cc398 and human epidemic mrsa strains. | a number of real-time pcr assays for direct detection of methicillinresistant (mrsa) in clinical specimens are targeting staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) right extremity sequences and the s. aureus chromosomal orfx gene sequences located to the right of the sccmec integration site. when testing 184 mrsa strains of human and animal origin from geographically distinct locations, we identified several characteristic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) within the sccmec-orfx juncti ... | 2009 | 20003904 |
| recombination between ccrc genes in a type v (5c2&5) staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) of staphylococcus aureus st398 leads to conversion from methicillin resistance to methicillin susceptibility in vivo. | various types of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec) are known to confer methicillin resistance on the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus. such cassettes are not always stably maintained. the present studies were aimed at identifying the mechanism underlying the in vivo conversion of methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) to methicillin-susceptible s. aureus (mssa) derivatives as encountered in two patients suffering from pneumonia and an umbilicus infection, respectively. all ... | 2010 | 19995931 |
| a novel human skin chamber model to study wound infection ex vivo. | wound infections with multi-drug resistant bacteria increase morbidity and mortality and have considerable socioeconomic impact. they can lead to impaired wound healing, resulting in rising treatment costs. the aim of this study was to investigate an ex vivo human wound infection model. human full-thickness skin from the operating room (or) was placed into the bo-drum and cultivated for 7 days in an air-liquid interphase. on day 8, the skin was inoculated with either (1) pseudomonas aeruginosa, ... | 2010 | 19956960 |
| [the effect of recombinant panton-valentine leukocidin on the production of cytokines by human alveolar macrophages]. | to investigate the effect of recombinant panton-valentine leukocidin (rpvl) on the regulation of human alveolar macrophage cd14 and il-10 and tnf-alpha. | 2009 | 19954003 |
| coagulase positive staphylococcal colonization of humans and their household pets. | staphylococcus aureus colonization was identified in 67/242 (28%) humans, 19/132 (14%) dogs, and 7/161 (4.3%) cats in households in ontario, with methicillin-resistant s. aureus present in 8 (3.3%) humans, 2 (1.5%) dogs, and 0 cats. staphylococcus pseudintermedius was isolated from 8 (4.1%) humans, 61 (46%) dogs, and 11 (6.8%) cats, with methicillin-resistant s. pseudintermedius detected in 1 (0.4%) human, 6 (4.5%) dogs, and 2 (1.2%) cats. staphylococcus schleiferi subspecies coagulans was isola ... | 2009 | 19949556 |
| meticillin-sensitive staphylococcus aureus costochondritis in a healthy man. | a 54-year-old previously healthy white man presented to hospital with fever, right parasternal pain and swelling over the right second and third costochondral joints. the symptoms had developed 1 week earlier. | 2009 | 19946297 |
| world vaccine congress lyon - terrapinn's 11th annual congress. | the 11th annual world vaccine congress, held in lyon, included topics covering new therapeutic developments in the field of vaccines. this conference report highlights selected presentations on the role of big pharma in vaccine development, the future direction of vaccine r&d, influenza preparedness in europe, and vaccines for staphylococcus aureus, cmv and cancer. investigational drugs discussed include an h5n1 influenza vaccine program from baxter international inc/dynport vaccine co llc, fp-0 ... | 2009 | 19943212 |
| production of bioactive human alpha-defensin 5 in pichia pastoris. | human alpha-defensin 5 (hd5), a small cationic peptide, is expressed in paneth cell granules of small intestinal crypts. hd5 exhibits high antimicrobial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic agents, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. in this study, the constitutive expression of hd5 antimicrobial peptide was achieved using the methylotrophic yeast, pichia pastoris (p. pastoris). hd5 cdna was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using human lung cell cdna as template. the 9 ... | 2009 | 19940385 |
| bovine muc1 inhibits binding of enteric bacteria to caco-2 cells. | inhibition of bacterial adhesion to intestinal epithelial receptors by the consumption of natural food components is an attractive strategy for the prevention of microbial related gastrointestinal illness. we hypothesised that muc1, a highly glycosylated mucin present in cows' milk, may be one such food component. purified bovine muc1 was tested for its ability to inhibit binding of common enteric bacterial pathogens to caco-2 cells grown in vitro. muc1 caused dose-dependent binding inhibition o ... | 2010 | 19936918 |
| structural characterization of a protein a mimetic peptide dendrimer bound to human igg. | understanding the chemical physical properties of protein binding sites is at the basis of the rational design of protein ligands. the hinge region of the fc fragment of immunoglobulin g is an important and well characterized protein binding site, known to interact with several natural proteins and synthetic ligands. here, we report structural evidence that a staphylococcus aureus protein a mimetic peptide dendrimer, deduced by a combinatorial approach, binds close to the cgamma2/cgamma3 interfa ... | 2009 | 19924842 |
| crystallization and initial x-ray diffraction study of the three pasta domains of the ser/thr kinase stk1 from the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus. | pasta subunits (approximately 70 amino acids) are specific to bacterial serine/threonine kinases and to penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) and are involved in the synthesis of peptidoglycan. the human pathogen staphylococcus aureus contains a serine/threonine kinase, stk1, which plays a major role in virulence. a recombinant his-tagged portion of the extracellular domain of stk1 containing three pasta subunits has been crystallized using zinc sulfate as a crystallizing agent. the crystals belong ... | 2009 | 19923747 |
| pneumatocele formation in adult pulmonary tuberculosis during antituberculous chemotherapy: a case report. | pulmonary pneumatoceles are thin-walled, air-filled cysts that develop within the lung. most often, they occur as a sequela to acute pneumonia, commonly caused by staphylococcus aureus, and are found more frequently in infants and young children. adult tuberculous pulmonary pneumatoceles are seldom reported. | 2009 | 19918388 |
| structure-microbicidal activity relationship of synthetic fragments derived from the antibacterial alpha-helix of human lactoferrin. | there is a need for new microbicidal agents with therapeutic potential due to antibiotic resistance in bacteria and fungi. in this study, the structure-microbicidal activity relationship of amino acid residues 14 to 31 (sequence 14-31) from the n-terminal end, corresponding to the antibacterial alpha-helix of human lactoferrin (lf), was investigated by downsizing, alanine scanning, and substitution of amino acids. microbicidal analysis (99% killing) was performed by a microplate assay using esch ... | 2010 | 19917761 |
| staphylococcal superantigen-like protein 10 (ssl10) binds to human immunoglobulin g (igg) and inhibits complement activation via the classical pathway. | staphylococcal superantigen-like (ssl) proteins are a family of exoproteins that share structural similarity with staphylococcal superantigens but exhibit no superantigenic activity. it was previously reported that two members (ssl5 and ssl7) bound to serum components and cell adhesion molecules involved in host immune response; however, the other family members have not been functionally characterized. in this study, we attempted to isolate ssl10-binding proteins from human serum and found that ... | 2010 | 19913916 |
| opposite effects of simvastatin on the bactericidal and inflammatory response of macrophages to opsonized s. aureus. | besides lowering circulating cholesterol, statins act as immunomodulators. although the effects of statins on lymphocyte activation and differentiation have been clearly defined, there is no consensus as to effects of these drugs on phagocytes. we have addressed the outcome of simvastatin treatment on the activation and effector function of human macrophages in the pathophysiologically relevant context of challenge with an opportunistic pathogen. we provide evidence that: simvastatin blocks the ... | 2010 | 19892847 |
| the vitamin b1 metabolism of staphylococcus aureus is controlled at enzymatic and transcriptional levels. | vitamin b1 is in its active form thiamine pyrophosphate (tpp), an essential cofactor for several key enzymes in the carbohydrate metabolism. mammals must salvage this crucial nutrient from their diet in order to complement the deficiency of de novo synthesis. in the human pathogenic bacterium staphylococcus aureus, two operons were identified which are involved in vitamin b1 metabolism. the first operon encodes for the thiaminase type ii (tena), 4-amino-5-hydroxymethyl-2-methylpyrimidine kinase ... | 2009 | 19888457 |
| recent human-to-poultry host jump, adaptation, and pandemic spread of staphylococcus aureus. | the impact of globalization on the emergence and spread of pathogens is an important veterinary and public health issue. staphylococcus aureus is a notorious human pathogen associated with serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections. in addition, s. aureus is a major cause of animal diseases including skeletal infections of poultry, which are a large economic burden on the global broiler chicken industry. here, we provide evidence that the majority of s. aureus isolates from broiler chi ... | 2009 | 19884497 |
| lodopyridone, a structurally unprecedented alkaloid from a marine actinomycete. | chemical examination of the secondary metabolites of a marine saccharomonospora sp., isolated from marine sediments collected at the mouth of the la jolla submarine canyon, yielded the unprecedented alkaloid lodopyridone (1). the low proton-to-carbon ratio of 1 precluded structure elucidation by nmr spectroscopic methods, thus the structure was defined by x-ray crystallography. lodopyridone is cytotoxic to hct-116 human colon cancer cells with ic(50) = 3.6 microm. | 2009 | 19883103 |
| studies on the pneumococcus : ii. dissolution of pneumococci at varying hydrogen ion concentrations. effect of temperature, previous killing of the organisms, and fresh human serum on the phenomenon. behavior of other organisms. | suspensions of living pneumococci in approximately isotonic standard solutions and in approximately isotonic bouillon with ph varying from about 4.0 to 8.0 after incubation show dissolution of organisms in those solutions having a ph higher than about 5.0. dissolution is most marked at a critical range of about ph 5.0 to 7.0. some dissolution also takes place toward the more alkaline end of the scale. no dissolution occurs at the most acid end of the scale. dissolution in the standard solutions ... | 1922 | 19868639 |
| the comparative resistance of bacteria and human tissue cells to certain common antiseptics. | the comparative resistance of bacteria and human tissue cells to antiseptics and other chemicals may be easily tested by tissue cultures under conditions which approximate those found in the living body. a comparative study shows that while human cells (connective tissue and wandering cells) are highly resistant to many antiseptics, they are in general more easily killed than bacteria (staphylococcus aureus). of the antiseptics tested, which include mercuric chloride, iodine, potassium mercuric ... | 1916 | 19868066 |
| an experimental study of opsonic immunity to staphylococcus aureus. | 1. the administration of staphylococcus aureus, killed by heat (vaccine), produces a high degree of opsonic immunity in rabbits. 2. such increase of opsonin affords protection against living virulent staphylococcus in direct proportion to the amount of opsonins present in the serum and complete recovery may follow subsequent inoculation, if the opsonic power be high. 3. frequent administration of vaccines may produce a diminution of the opsonic power of the serum. 4. immune opsonins are most act ... | 1910 | 19867314 |
| antimicrobial activity of two propolis samples against human campylobacter jejuni. | the aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial activity of two ethanolic extracts of propolis (eeps) and selected flavonoids against 16 campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates and several gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogens. the antimicrobial activity of eeps and flavonoids was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. the eeps inhibited the growth of c. jejuni, enterobacter faecalis, and staphylococcus aureus. the most active flavonoid was galangin, with the highest percen ... | 2009 | 19857069 |
| characterization of beta-lactam antibiotic-induced vancomycin-resistant mrsa (bivr) in a patient with septicemia during long-term vancomycin administration. | it was reported that some methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) show resistance to vancomycin (vcm) and beta-lactam antibiotics; thus, they are termed beta-lactam antibiotic-induced vcm-resistant mrsa (bivr). the vcm resistance of mrsa is induced by the administration of beta-lactam antibiotics, but this phenomenon can be difficult to detect in the clinical laboratory. we detected the bivr strain in a 64-year-old man who had had a ventilator tube inserted directly into the windpipe ... | 2009 | 19856063 |
| dermaseptin da4, although closely related to dermaseptin b2, presents chemotactic and gram-negative selective bactericidal activities. | antimicrobial peptides participate in innate host defense by directly eliminating pathogens as a result of their ability to damage the microbial membrane and by providing danger signals that will recruit innate immune cells to the site of infection. dermaseptin da4 (drs-da4), a new antimicrobial peptide of the dermaseptin superfamily, was identified based on its chemotactic properties, contrasting with the currently used microbicidal properties assessment. the peptide was isolated and purified b ... | 2009 | 19843179 |
| impact of nanoscale roughness of titanium thin film surfaces on bacterial retention. | two human pathogenic bacteria, staphylococcus aureus cip 68.5 and pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 9025, were adsorbed onto surfaces containing ti thin films of varying thickness to determine the extent to which nanoscale surface roughness influences the extent of bacterial attachment. a magnetron sputter thin film system was used to deposit titanium films with thicknesses of 3, 12, and 150 nm on glass substrata with corresponding surface roughness parameters of r(q) 1.6, 1.2, and 0.7 nm (on a 4 micr ... | 2010 | 19842625 |
| influence of artificial ageing on surface properties and streptococcus mutans adhesion to dental composite materials. | the aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the influence of artificial ageing on the surface properties and early streptococcus mutans adhesion to current dental composites for the direct restoration of class ii defects. three hundred and thirty specimens each were prepared from five dental composites, and were randomly allotted to various artificial ageing protocols (storage in distilled water/ethanol/artificial saliva for 7/90/365 days; thermal cycling, 6,000 cycles 5/55 degrees c). pri ... | 2010 | 19830528 |
| successful treatment of candida parapsilosis and pseudomonas aeruginosa infection using medical and surgical management in an injecting drug user with mitral and aortic valve endocarditis: a case report. | polymicrobial endocarditis is a well-recognized problem in intravenous drug users and it accounts for 1 to 3% of endocarditis cases overall and up to 9% in other series. the most common combinations of organisms include staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae followed by staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. candida parapsilosis endocarditis carries a mortality rate of 45%, and each infection with candida or pseudomonas endocarditis per se carries a very high mortality rat ... | 2009 | 19830113 |
| antibacterial activity of synthetic fire ant venom: the solenopsins and isosolenopsins. | we determined the in vitro activity of 9 synthetic fire ant venom alkaloids (+/-)-solenopsin a, (2r, 6r)-solenopsin a, (2s, 6s)-solenopsin b, (+/-)-isosolenopsin a, (2s, 6r)-isosolenopsin a,(2r, 6s)-isosolenopsin a, (+/-)-isosolenopsin b, (2s, 6r)-isosolenopsin b, and (2r, 6s)-isosolenopsin b against 6 species of bacteria (streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and pseudomonas aeruginosa). | 2009 | 19826319 |
| ten years after to err is human. | 2009 | 19826077 | |
| rapa: a novel in vitro method to evaluate anti-bacterial skin cleansing products. | development of efficacious anti-bacterial skin cleansing products has been limited by the availability of a pre-clinical (in vitro) method to predict clinical efficacy adequately. we report a simple and rapid method, designated as rapid agar plate assay (rapa), that uses the bacteriological agar surface as a surrogate substrate for skin and combines elements of two widely used in vivo (clinical) methods (agar patch and cup scrub). to simulate the washing of the human hand or forearm skin with th ... | 2010 | 19818085 |
| the impact of serine/threonine phosphorylation in staphylococcus aureus. | in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, phosphotransfer represents a common mechanism to regulate cellular functions. recent work revealed that modulation of cellular processes by eukaryote-like serine/threonine kinases (stks) and phosphatases (stps) are widespread in bacteria. during the last two years, first evidence on the role of ser/thr phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in staphylococcus aureus has emerged leading to the identification of a functional stk and corresponding stp. due to homology to kn ... | 2010 | 19783479 |
| non-spa-typeable clinical staphylococcus aureus strains are naturally occurring protein a mutants. | staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen responsible for increasing the prevalence of community- and hospital-acquired infections. protein a (spa) is a key virulence factor of s. aureus and is highly conserved. sequencing of the variable-number tandem-repeat region of spa (spa typing) provides a rapid and reliable method for epidemiological studies. rarely, non-spa-typeable s. aureus strains are encountered. the reason for this is not known. in this study, we characterized eight non-spa-t ... | 2009 | 19759222 |
| bacterial surface protein l binds and inactivates neutrophil proteins s100a8/a9. | finegoldia magna is an anaerobic bacterial species that is part of the normal human flora on all nonsterile body surfaces, but it is also a significant opportunistic pathogen causing a wide range of infections. some isolates of f. magna that are more frequently associated with clinical infection express protein l, a surface protein containing multiple homologous domains (b1-b5) that bind igs through interactions with ig l chains. the present study shows that the n-terminal a domain of protein l ... | 2009 | 19752232 |
| impact of human serum albumin on oritavancin in vitro activity against staphylococcus aureus. | human serum albumin (hsa) did not affect oritavancin mics against non-vancomycin-intermediate staphylococcus aureus (non-visa) strains. in time-kill assays, oritavancin bactericidal activity in the presence of hsa was significantly more rapid than comparators against non-visa strains. hsa increased oritavancin mics by 4-fold for visa strains, reflective of reduced oritavancin activity in time-kill assays with hsa. | 2009 | 19748436 |
| plectasin shows intracellular activity against staphylococcus aureus in human thp-1 monocytes and in a mouse peritonitis model. | antimicrobial therapy of infections with staphylococcus aureus can pose a challenge due to slow response to therapy and recurrence of infection. these treatment difficulties can partly be explained by intracellular survival of staphylococci, which is why the intracellular activity of antistaphylococcal compounds has received increased attention within recent years. the intracellular activity of plectasin, an antimicrobial peptide, against s. aureus was determined both in vitro and in vivo. in vi ... | 2009 | 19738011 |
| reemergence of antibiotic-resistant staphylococcus aureus in the genomics era. | staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of bacterial infections in developed countries and produces a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from minor skin infections to fatal necrotizing pneumonia. although s. aureus infections were historically treatable with common antibiotics, emergence of drug-resistant organisms is now a major concern. methicillin-resistant s. aureus (mrsa) was endemic in hospitals by the late 1960s, but it appeared rapidly and unexpectedly in communities in the 1990s and ... | 2009 | 19729844 |
| antibiotic resistance and genetic diversity in staphylococcus aureus from slaughter pigs in switzerland. | nasal carriage of staphylococcus aureus was evaluated in pigs at slaughterhouse. the nasal cavities of 304 pigs from 54 herds were screened. eighty-nine percent of the farms harbored pigs that were colonized with s. aureus. among them, no mrsa were found, indicating a low prevalence. however, pigs were found to harbor s. aureus, which displayed resistance to penicillin (blaz) (62.5%), tetracycline [tet(m)] (33.3%), streptomycin (strps194) (27%), clindamycin [erm(b)] (4.1%), erythromycin [erm(b)] ... | 2009 | 19722130 |
| a critical role for hemolysins and bacterial lipoproteins in staphylococcus aureus-induced activation of the nlrp3 inflammasome. | the mechanism by which bacterial pathogens activate caspase-1 via nlrp3 remains poorly understood. in this study, we show that the ability of staphylococcus aureus, a leading cause of infection in humans, to activate caspase-1 and induce il-1beta secretion resides in culture supernatants of growing bacteria. caspase-1 activation induced by s. aureus required alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hemolysins and the host nlrp3 inflammasome. mechanistically, alpha- and beta-hemolysins alone did not trigger casp ... | 2009 | 19717510 |
| mycotic ascending aortic pseudoaneurysm at aortic cannulation site. | mycotic aneurysm of the aorta is a rare but highly fatal complication of coronary bypass surgery. a 49-year-old man developed mycotic pseudoaneurysm in the ascending aorta after coronary bypass in another hospital. computed tomography showed the pseudoaneurysm originated from the previous aortic cannulation site. the defect was successfully repaired with pericardial-pledgeted sutures. | 2009 | 19713342 |
| small-molecule costimulatory blockade: organic dye inhibitors of the cd40-cd154 interaction. | costimulatory blockade is one of the most promising therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases as well as in transplant recipients, and inhibition of the cluster of differentiation (cd)40-cd154 interaction, which is required for t cell activation and development of an effective immune response, is particularly promising in islet transplant recipients. here, we report the ability of several small-molecule organic dyes to concentration dependently inhibit this interaction with ic(50) values in the ... | 2009 | 19707732 |
| selective reciprocity in antimicrobial activity versus cytotoxicity of hbd-2 and crotamine. | recent discoveries suggest cysteine-stabilized toxins and antimicrobial peptides have structure-activity parallels derived by common ancestry. here, human antimicrobial peptide hbd-2 and rattlesnake venom-toxin crotamine were compared in phylogeny, 3d structure, target cell specificity, and mechanisms of action. results indicate a striking degree of structural and phylogenetic congruence. importantly, these polypeptides also exhibited functional reciprocity: (i) they exerted highly similar antim ... | 2009 | 19706485 |
| prevalence and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) among pigs on german farms and import of livestock-related mrsa into hospitals. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) among pigs and estimate the impact of this animal reservoir on human healthcare. nasal swabs were derived from 1,600 pigs at 40 german farms. the mrsa were characterized using s. aureus protein a (spa) typing, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and detection of toxin genes. in a retrospective case control study, we compared risk factors for the carriage of mrsa ... | 2009 | 19701815 |
| are national targets the right way to improve infection control practice? | the 'right way to improve infection control practice' should be cost-effective and lead to a fair distribution of infection control resources. cost-effectiveness is a measure of aggregate 'good', and fairness emphasises similar treatment for individuals under similar circumstances. the uk national meticillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) bloodstream infection (bsi) target encourages national health service trusts to prioritise strategies aimed at mrsa bsi prevention. under resource-limi ... | 2009 | 19699553 |
| tln-05220, tln-05223, new echinosporamicin-type antibiotics, and proposed revision of the structure of bravomicins(*). | the deposited strain of the hazimicin producer, micromonospora echinospora ssp. challisensis nrrl 12255 has considerable biosynthetic capabilities as revealed by genome scanning. among these is a locus containing both type i and type ii pks genes. the presumed products of this locus, tln-05220 (1) and tln-05223 (2), bear a core backbone composed of six fused rings starting with a 2-pyridone moiety. the structures were confirmed by conventional spectral analyses including ms, and 1d and 2d nmr ex ... | 2009 | 19680283 |
| loss of viability and induction of apoptosis in human keratinocytes exposed to staphylococcus aureus biofilms in vitro. | bacteria colonizing chronic wounds are believed to exist as polymicrobial, biofilm communities; however, there are few studies demonstrating the role of biofilms in chronic wound pathogenesis. this study establishes a novel method for studying the effect of biofilms on the cell types involved in wound healing. cocultures of staphylococcus aureus biofilms and human keratinocytes (hk) were created by initially growing s. aureus biofilms on tissue culture inserts then transferring the inserts to ex ... | 2009 | 19671124 |
| tinea capitis mimicking tufted hair folliculitis. | we report a case of tinea capitis mimicking tufted hair folliculitis in a 56-year-old european man, who presented with a 4-year history of pain and erythema in an area of scarring alopecia of the occipital scalp, with scales and tufts of hair emerging from individual follicles. histological examination showed hair plugging, and a dense perifollicular infiltrate of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and neutrophils. there was widespread scarring and fibrosis. bacterial cultures were negative for staphylo ... | 2009 | 19663859 |
| anopheles gambiae pgrplc-mediated defense against bacteria modulates infections with malaria parasites. | recognition of peptidoglycan (pgn) is paramount for insect antibacterial defenses. in the fruit fly drosophila melanogaster, the transmembrane pgn recognition protein lc (pgrp-lc) is a receptor of the imd signaling pathway that is activated after infection with bacteria, mainly gram-negative (gram-). here we demonstrate that bacterial infections of the malaria mosquito anopheles gambiae are sensed by the orthologous pgrplc protein which then activates a signaling pathway that involves the rel/nf ... | 2009 | 19662170 |
| mrsa-pyomyositis in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia after intensive chemotherapy. | background: a case of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa)-pyomyositis in association with acute myelogenous leukemia (aml) is reported. mrsa-sepsis developed in a 51-year-old japanese man with aml, during the neutropenic period after high-dose 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (ara-c). although the mrsa-sepsis initially improved with arbekacin sulfate (abk) administration, a high fever recurred with left thigh pain despite recovery of the neutrophil count after abk was stopped. a ... | 2009 | 19661356 |
| keratinocytes treated with peptidoglycan from staphylococcus aureus produce vascular endothelial growth factor, and its expression is amplified by the subsequent production of interleukin-13. | vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf)-transgenic mice develop psoriasiform plaques that resemble human psoriasis, demonstrating that vegf is an important factor in the development of psoriasis. in human keratinocytes, vegf is regulated by human cathelicidin ll37, and the expression of this peptide, as well as interleukin-13 receptor-alpha1 (il-13ralpha1) and vegf, is increased in psoriatic skin. peptidoglycan (pgn) stimulates innate immunity, inducing cytokines and antimicrobial peptides (ca ... | 2009 | 19659863 |
| phenol-soluble modulin alpha 3 enhances the human neutrophil lysis mediated by panton-valentine leukocidin. | panton-valentine leukocidin (pvl) has long been considered a critical toxin in severe staphylococcus aureus infection. pvl presumably breaches the body's defense system by lysing human polymorphonuclear cells (pmns). recently, however, bioactive peptides--phenol-soluble modulins (psms)--have been proposed as the main player in the lysis of pmns, rather than pvl. this study aimed to resolve uncertainty concerning the cause of the lysis of human pmns by using recombinant pvl toxins and pvl-neutral ... | 2009 | 19653829 |
| trends in udder health and emerging mastitogenic pathogens in south african dairy herds. | the aim of this study was to retrospectively analyse the results of milk samples obtained from south african dairy herds during the period 1996 to april 2007 in order to identify possible trends in isolates of microorganisms and their pathogenicity under field conditions. milk samples were obtained from 7 of the 9 provinces in south africa where there are low numbers of dairy cows. although there is scientific limitation to a country wide survey, such as the variation in herd size, management sk ... | 2009 | 19653514 |
| primary immune deficiencies affecting lymphocyte differentiation: lessons from the spectrum of resulting infections. | understanding primary immunodeficiencies has elucidated many aspects of human immunity and susceptibility to infections. recently, defects have been identified that result in deficiencies of terminally differentiated subsets of lymphocytes including deficiencies of memory b cells, nkt cells and t(h)17 t cells. together with defects specific to t(h)1 responses, these disorders revealed that dedicated pathogen-specific mechanisms exist for prevalent human pathogens, and that some host defence stra ... | 2009 | 19651645 |
| vacuum-assisted closure for bilateral severe ischemic foot after revascularization: a case report. | vacuum-assisted closure (vac) therapy is a unique system that helps promote wound healing. we report a case of severe ischemic foot in which vac therapy markedly improved wound healing. a 73-year-old man underwent left axillopopliteal bypass and left 3rd, 4th , and 5th digital amputations for gangrene. although his amputation stumps were complicated with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) infection, the stumps were successfully healed by vac. he also had gangrene in his right 1st ... | 2009 | 19648880 |
| through the looking glass, mechanistic insights from enantiomeric human defensins. | despite the small size and conserved tertiary structure of defensins, little is known at a molecular level about the basis of their functional versatility. for insight into the mechanism(s) of defensin function, we prepared enantiomeric pairs of four human defensins, hnp1, hnp4, hd5, and hbd2, and studied their killing of bacteria, inhibition of anthrax lethal factor, and binding to hiv-1 gp120. unstructured hnp1, hd5, and hbd3 and several other human alpha- and beta-defensins were also examined ... | 2009 | 19640840 |
| change in environmental bacterial flora in a new hospital building. | microbial surveillance of environmental bacteria was performed in order to study the microbial changes in a newly established hospital building. airborne bacteria and surface-associated bacteria on floors and sinks were systematically collected between 2002 and 2005. the number of isolates obtained from frequently used floors was significantly higher than that obtained from those floors used less often. a significant increase in staphylococcus aureus, the appearance of pseudomonas aeruginosa, an ... | 2009 | 19640607 |
| characterizing t-cell phenotypes in nasal polyposis in chinese patients. | nasal polyposis has different etiologies in western and eastern countries. furthermore, its pathogenesis is still poorly understood. | 2009 | 19639723 |
| collagen and glycopolymer based hydrogel for potential corneal application. | 6-methacryloyl-alpha-d-galactopyranose (mg) was synthesized, and characterized by fourier transform infrared (ftir) and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectrometry, and single-crystal x-ray diffraction. a series of interpenetrating polymer network (ipn) hydrogels was fabricated by simultaneously photocuring mg crosslinked by poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate and chemically crosslinking type i collagen with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and n-hydroxysuccinimide. the successful i ... | 2010 | 19632359 |
| thapsigargin and flavin adenine dinucleotide ex vivo treatment rescues trafficking-defective gp91phox in chronic granulomatous disease leukocytes. | mutations in leukocyte nadph oxidase genes lead to defective respiratory burst in leukocytes and cause chronic granulomatous diseases (cgd) in humans. the most common form of cgd is caused by mutations in the membrane-bound oxidase component gp91phox, which is encoded by the cybb gene on the x chromosome. we previously reported on a patient with a cybb mutation (h338y) that prevents the intracellular trafficking and expression of gp91phox on leukocytes. the capacity of the leukocytes to produce ... | 2009 | 19631269 |
| eleucine indica possesses antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. | the use of evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine is increasing rapidly. eleucine indica (ei) is traditionally used in ailments associated with liver and kidneys. the therapeutic benefit of the medicinal plants is often attributed to their antioxidant properties. therefore, the aim of this study was to screen the hexane, dicholoromethane, ethyl acetate (ea) and methanol extracts (meth) of ei for their antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-cancer effects using total phenolic contents ... | 2009 | 19617201 |
| identification and characterization of antimicrobial peptide, defensin, in the taiga tick, ixodes persulcatus. | ixodes persulcatus is the primary vector for human tick-borne diseases in japan. a cdna library was constructed from whole body homogenates of fed nymphs of i. persulcatus. from this library, one cdna encoding defensin-like antimicrobial peptide was identified. the amino-acid sequence showed high similarity to those of the defensins of other ticks and arthropods. i. persulcatus defensin mrna transcripts were detected at all life cycle stages of fed ticks and found to be predominantly expressed i ... | 2009 | 19604312 |
| biogeography and virulence of staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is commonly carried asymptomatically in the human anterior nares and occasionally enters the bloodstream to cause invasive disease. much of the global diversity of s. aureus remains uncharacterised, and is not clear how disease propensity varies between strains, and between host populations. | 2009 | 19593449 |
| forever unprepared--the predictable unpredictability of pathogens. | 2009 | 19587337 | |
| kkkkplfglffglf: a cationic peptide designed to exert antibacterial activity. | with 14 residues organized as two domains linked by a single proline, the de novo peptide called k4 was designed, using antimicrobial peptide database, to exert antibacterial activity. the n-terminal domain is composed of four lysines enhancing membrane interactions, and the c-terminal domain is putatively folded into a hydrophobic alpha-helix. following the synthesis, the purification and the structural checking, antibacterial assays revealed a strong activity against gram-positive and gram-neg ... | 2009 | 19573572 |
| chitosan derivative nanocarrier: safety evaluation,antibacterial property and ascorbyl palmitate encapsulation. | a chitosan derivative, methyl ether-terminated poly(ethylene oxide)-4-methoxycinnamolyphthaloylchitosan (pcplc) was prepared, characterized and self-assembled into nanoparticles. encapsulation of ascorbyl palmitate (ap) into pcplc gave 6890.98 nm particles with encapsulation efficiency of 84% at 56% drug loading. the encapsulated ap showed significant improved stability as examined by 1h nmr spectroscopy.the obtained particles displayed no short-term cytotoxicity against the human skin melanoma ... | 2010 | 19566395 |
| a case of nasal natural killer/t lymphoma revealed by repeated deep neck abscess. | a diagnosis of natural killer (nk)/t-cell lymphoma was clarified after repeated deep neck abscess in a 63-year-old man. the absolute number of lymphocytes was mildly decreased. lymphopenia induced by latent malignant lymphoma in this case likely caused the immunodeficiency, which induced repeated infection in the head and neck region. we conclude that it is always necessary to consider diseases caused by immunodeficiency conditions, such as malignant lymphoma, into consideration in a case of rep ... | 2009 | 19563940 |
| new ways to squash superbugs. | 2009 | 19555023 | |
| recombinant human growth hormone improves survival and protects against acute lung injury in murine staphylococcus aureus sepsis. | to investigate whether recombinant human growth hormone (rhgh) reduces mortality and protects against staphylococcus aureus sepsis-induced acute lung injury. | 2009 | 19536455 |
| macrophage elastase kills bacteria within murine macrophages. | macrophages are aptly positioned to function as the primary line of defence against invading pathogens in many organs, including the lung and peritoneum. their ability to phagocytose and clear microorganisms has been well documented. macrophages possess several substances with which they can kill bacteria, including reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, and antimicrobial proteins. we proposed that macrophage-derived proteinases may contribute to the antimicrobial properties of macrophages. macr ... | 2009 | 19536155 |
| diversity of the tetracycline resistance gene tet(m) and identification of tn916- and tn5801-like (tn6014) transposons in staphylococcus aureus from humans and animals. | to analyse the sequence diversity of the tetracycline resistance gene tet(m) in staphylococcus aureus from humans and animals and to determine mobile elements associated with tet(m) in s. aureus. | 2009 | 19531603 |
| occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in rats living on pig farms. | in the netherlands, mrsa st398 has emerged in hospitals and human carriers have been associated with exposure to pigs and cattle. high prevalences of mrsa st398 in pigs and pig farmers have been determined and the transmission routes of mrsa on pig farms need to be elucidated. in the south of the netherlands, in recent years, the black rat (rattus rattus) has emerged as a prominent rodent on livestock farms. from march till may 2008, a survey on mrsa in rats living on livestock farms in the sout ... | 2009 | 19523703 |
| high hydrostatic pressure for disinfection of bone grafts and biomaterials: an experimental study. | autoclaving, heat, irradiation or chemical detergents are used to disinfect autografts, allografts and biomaterials for tissue reconstruction. these methods are often associated with deterioration of mechanical, physical, and biological properties of the bone grafts and synthetic implants. high hydrostatic pressure has been proposed as a novel method preserving biomechanical and biological properties of bone, tendon and cartilage. this is the first study to assess the inactivation of clinically ... | 2009 | 19516918 |
| tnfr and ltbetar agonists induce follicle-associated epithelium and m cell specific genes in rat and human intestinal epithelial cells. | m cells assist mucosal immune surveillance by transcytosis of particles to underlying lymphoid tissue, but the mechanisms of m cell differentiation are poorly understood. to develop a better defined cell culture model of m cell differentiation, we treated human (caco-2bbe) and rat (iec-6) intestinal epithelial cell lines with lymphotoxin beta receptor (ltbetar) and tnf receptor (tnfr) agonists. treated cells were studied for regulation of genes associated with m cell and follicle-associated epit ... | 2009 | 19501526 |
| [antimicrobial activities of the culture supernatant of 293 cells transfected with recombinant hbd-2 gene eukyriotic expressive plasmid]. | in this study, hbd-2 eukaryotic expression recombinant plasmid pcdna 3.1-zeo(+)-hbd-2 was constructed by the molecular cloning technologies, and 293 cells were transfected by liposome. the cell culture supernatant was collected and its antibacterial activities against staphylococcus aureus atcc25923 and pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc27853 were tested. the antibacterial activity against s. aureus of the culture supernatant of the hbd-2 gene transfected-293 cells was detected, whereas in the same con ... | 2009 | 19499805 |
| the heme sensor system of staphylococcus aureus. | the important human pathogen staphylococcus aureus is able to satisfy its nutrient iron requirement by acquiring heme from host hemoglobin in the context of infection. however, heme acquisition exposes s. aureus to heme toxicity. in order to detect the presence of toxic levels of exogenous heme, s. aureus is able to sense heme through the heme sensing system (hssrs) two-component system. upon sensing heme, hssrs directly regulates the expression of the heme-regulated abc transporter hrtab, which ... | 2009 | 19494582 |
| lactococcus lactis expressing either staphylococcus aureus fibronectin-binding protein a or listeria monocytogenes internalin a can efficiently internalize and deliver dna in human epithelial cells. | lactococci are noninvasive bacteria frequently used as protein delivery vectors and, more recently, as in vitro and in vivo dna delivery vehicles. we previously showed that a functional eukaryotic enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) expression plasmid vector was delivered in epithelial cells by lactococcus lactis producing listeria monocytogenes internalin a (l. lactis inla(+)), but this strategy is limited in vivo to transgenic mice and guinea pigs. in this study, we compare the internali ... | 2009 | 19482952 |
| detection and identification of specific bacteria in wound biofilms using peptide nucleic acid fluorescent in situ hybridization (pna fish). | biofilms provide a reservoir of potentially infectious micro-organisms that are resistant to antimicrobial agents, and their importance in the failure of medical devices and chronic inflammatory conditions is increasingly being recognized. particular research interest exists in the association of biofilms with wound infection and non-healing, i.e. chronic wounds. in this study, fluorescent in situ hybridization (fish) was used in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm) to dete ... | 2009 | 19477903 |
| toll-like receptor 2 ligands on the staphylococcal cell wall downregulate superantigen-induced t cell activation and prevent toxic shock syndrome. | staphylococcal superantigens are pyrogenic exotoxins that cause massive t cell activation leading to toxic shock syndrome and death. despite the strong adaptive immune response induced by these toxins, infections by superantigen-producing staphylococci are very common clinical events. we hypothesized that this may be partly a result of staphylococcal strains having developed strategies that downregulate the t cell response to these toxins. here we show that the human interleukin-2 response to st ... | 2009 | 19465927 |
| isolation, identification, and characterization of small bioactive peptides from lactobacillus gg conditional media that exert both anti-gram-negative and gram-positive bactericidal activity. | diarrheal diseases remain a major human plague that still claim millions of lives every year. probiotics, including lactobacillus gg (lgg), are known to have a beneficial effect on diarrheal diseases, but their mechanism of action has not yet been completely established. therefore, the main objective of this work was to identify and characterize moieties elaborated by lgg that exert antibacterial activity. | 2009 | 19465870 |
| the alyteserins: two families of antimicrobial peptides from the skin secretions of the midwife toad alytes obstetricans (alytidae). | two families of structurally related c-terminally alpha-amidated antimicrobial peptides have been identified in norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of the midwife toad alytes obstetricans (alytidae). the alyteserin-1 peptides (gly-leu-lys-(asp/glu)-ile-phe-lys-ala-gly-leu-gly-ser-leu-val-lys-(gly/asn)-ile-ala-ala-his-val-ala-(asn/ser).nh(2)) show limited structural similarity to the ascaphins from the skins of frogs of the family leiopelmatidae. alyteserin-2a (ile-leu-gly-lys-leu-leu-ser-t ... | 2009 | 19463738 |
| surgical removal of an infected aortic endoprosthesis using a wire cutter. | the purpose of this study is to report a new method of removing an infected endoprosthesis from the abdominal aorta using a wire cutter. a 65-year-old man with a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm was admitted to our hospital. he was treated with an endovascular abdominal endoprosthesis and discharged one week later. three months after placement, the patient returned with an infection of the aortic endoprosthesis. the endoprosthesis had been fixed with barbs and hooks above the renal arteries an ... | 2009 | 19455093 |
| osteopontin enhances phagocytosis through a novel osteopontin receptor, the alphaxbeta2 integrin. | osteopontin (opn) is a cytokine with multiple functions, including immune defense mechanisms against invading microorganisms. opn-deficient mice are impaired in clearing intracellular pathogens, suggesting an important role of opn during phagocytosis, but it remains to be defined how opn may enhance this innate immune process. here, we demonstrate that opn binds to monocytes, but not resting t cells, nk cells, or b cells, and mediates chemoattraction of il-1-activated human monocytes. moreover, ... | 2009 | 19454691 |
| herbal therapy associated with antibiotic therapy: potentiation of the antibiotic activity against methicillin--resistant staphylococcus aureus by turnera ulmifolia l. | staphylococcus genus is widely spread in nature being part of the indigenous microbiota of skin and mucosa of animal and birds. some staphylococcus species are frequently recognized as etiological agents of many animal and human opportunistic infections this is the first report testing the antibiotic resistance-modifying activity of turnera ulmifolia against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus--mrsa strain. | 2009 | 19426487 |
| immunomodulatory effect of cytosine-phosphate-guanosine (cpg)-oligonucleotides in nonasthmatic chronic rhinosinusitis: an explant model. | the use of cytosine-phosphate-guanosine-oligodeoxynucleotides (cpg-odns) or immunostimulatory sequences (isss) in the treatment of airway diseases is gaining interest. binding of the cpg-odn ligand to toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) triggers a shift from a th2- to a th1-type response in the target tissue. in this study, we explored the potential use of cpg-odn to dampen the predominantly th2-driven chronic inflammatory state in our cohort of patients. | 2009 | 19401034 |
| inactivation of chlorhexidine gluconate on skin by incompatible alcohol hand sanitizing gels. | incompatibility of leave-on products with an antimicrobial residual can negate the efficacy benefits of chlorhexidine gluconate (chg) persistence. two marketed alcohol products containing carbomer were tested using a pigskin substrate model against staphylococcus aureus. the chg residual achieved a 4.22 log(10) reduction (standard deviation [sd] = 0.32) in this study, which was dramatically reduced to a 0.54 (sd = 0.50) and 0.46 (sd = 0.56) after subsequent treatment with incompatible alcohol ge ... | 2009 | 19398245 |
| impaired tlr-2 expression and tlr-2-mediated cytokine secretion in macrophages from patients with atopic dermatitis. | in many patients with atopic dermatitis (ad), the disease is complicated by their enhanced susceptibility to bacterial skin infections, especially with staphylococcus aureus. the pattern recognition receptor toll-like receptor (tlr)-2 recognizes components of s. aureus, for example, lipoteichoic acid (lta) and peptidoglycan (pgn) and, therefore, might be crucial in the pathogenesis and flare-ups of ad. | 2009 | 19392987 |
| [analysis of protein interaction network and function of staphylococcus aureus]. | staphylococcus aureus is a member of gram positive bacteria,but is also one of common pathogens that are most difficult to treat. it infects human skin, soft tissue, mucous membrane, bone and joint, especially in the nosocomial environment. because studies on staphylococcus aureus before were largely based on a single gene or protein, it is necessary to study this organism from the whole genome. | 2009 | 19388265 |
| c-jun n-terminal kinase-mediated signaling is essential for staphylococcus aureus-induced u937 apoptosis. | to investigate the effect of sp600125, a specific c-jun n-terminal protein kinase (jnk) inhibitor, on staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus)-induced u937 cell death and the underlying mechanism. | 2009 | 19382420 |
| proinflammatory impact of staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin b on human nasal epithelial cells and inhibition by dexamethasone. | the pathophysiology and etiology of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (crswnp) are poorly understood. although a potential role of staphylococcal enterotoxins (se) in the pathogenesis of crswnp has been detected, additional studies are needed on the impact of se on nasal epithelial cells. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin b (seb) on proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine releases in primary human nasal epithelial cells (hnec) of subjects ... | 2009 | 19379606 |
| comparative genome-scale metabolic reconstruction and flux balance analysis of multiple staphylococcus aureus genomes identify novel antimicrobial drug targets. | mortality due to multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection is predicted to surpass that of human immunodeficiency virus/aids in the united states. despite the various treatment options for s. aureus infections, it remains a major hospital- and community-acquired opportunistic pathogen. with the emergence of multidrug-resistant s. aureus strains, there is an urgent need for the discovery of new antimicrobial drug targets in the organism. to this end, we reconstructed the metabolic netwo ... | 2009 | 19376871 |
| the saer/s gene regulatory system is essential for innate immune evasion by staphylococcus aureus. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus is problematic both in hospitals and in the community. currently, we have limited understanding of mechanisms of innate immune evasion used by s. aureus. to that end, we created an isogenic deletion mutant in strain mw2 (usa400) of the saer/s 2-component gene regulatory system and studied its role in mouse models of pathogenesis and during human neutrophil interaction. in this study, we demonstrate that saer/s plays a distinct role in s. aureus pathoge ... | 2009 | 19374556 |
| soluble fusion expression and characterization of bioactive human beta-defensin 26 and 27. | this study reports the first successful recombinant expression of cationic antimicrobial peptides human beta-defensin-26 and human beta-defensin-27 in escherichia coli. hbd26 and hbd27 genes were synthesized through codon optimization, and each gene was then cloned into the expression vector pet32, which feature fusion protein thioredoxin at the n-terminal. the recombinant plasmids were then transformed into e. coli bl21 (de3) and cultured in mbl medium, which gave yields of hbd26 and hbd27 fusi ... | 2009 | 19373462 |
| proteomics-based identification of anchorless cell wall proteins as vaccine candidates against staphylococcus aureus. | staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen with increasing clinical impact due to the extensive spread of antibiotic-resistant strains. therefore, development of a protective polyvalent vaccine is of great clinical interest. we employed an intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) preparation as a source of antibodies directed against anchorless s. aureus surface proteins for identification of novel vaccine candidates. in order to identify such proteins, subtractive proteome analysis (supra) o ... | 2009 | 19364833 |
| endocarditis caused by staphylococcus aureus: a reappraisal of the epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic manifestations with analysis of factors determining outcome. | staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of infectious endocarditis and its mortality has remained high despite better diagnostic and therapeutic procedures over time. we conducted a retrospective review of 133 cases of definite s. aureus endocarditis seen at a single tertiary care hospital over 22 years to assess changes in the epidemiology and incidence of the infection, manifestations, outcome, risk factors for mortality, and impact of cardiac surgery on prognosis.patients were classified i ... | 2009 | 19352296 |
| health care-associated infections: is there an end in sight? | overview: health care-associated infections (hais) have emerged as a significant concern in policy as well as clinical circles. an hai is an infection acquired during treatment for another condition. some of the hai-causing bacteria have become drug-resistant; methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, or mrsa, is a familiar example. tied to perhaps 100,000 deaths and $20 billion in health care costs each year, hais have given rise to state laws, legislative proposals at the federal level, pub ... | 2009 | 19343832 |
| ribosomally synthesized thiopeptide antibiotics targeting elongation factor tu. | we identified the thiomuracins, a novel family of thiopeptides produced by a rare-actinomycete bacterium typed as a nonomuraea species, via a screen for inhibition of growth of the bacterial pathogen staphylococcus aureus. thiopeptides are a class of macrocyclic, highly modified peptides that are decorated by thiazoles and defined by a central six-membered heterocyclic ring system. mining the genomes of thiopeptide-producing strains revealed the elusive biosynthetic route for this class of antib ... | 2009 | 19338336 |