Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| [reaction of plaque-purified and non-purified foot-and-mouth disease virus strains of the subtypes o-1, o-2, and o-3 and of the corresponding immune sera in cross-neutralization tests]. | 1966 | 4288046 | |
| hydroxylamine as an inactivating agent for foot-and-mouth disease virus. | 1966 | 4288021 | |
| [the variability of the size of plaques of the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. | 1965 | 4287821 | |
| presence and persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in bovine skin. | gailiunas, peter (plum island animal disease laboratory, greenport, n. y.), and george e. cottral. presence and persistence of foot-and-mouth disease virus in bovine skin. j. bacteriol. 91:2333-2338. 1966.-this study established that the seven known antigenic types of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) have consistent affinity to all areas of bovine skin, even though gross cutaneous lesions usually are found only in the pedal area. considerable amounts of fmdv were present in skin of 13 differe ... | 1966 | 4287587 |
| effect of chemical agents on foot-and-mouth disease virus production in cell cultures. | 1965 | 4287298 | |
| [observations on the chemical composition of cultures of the foot-and-mouth disease virus in relation to some phases of purification of the viral suspension]. | 1966 | 4287155 | |
| observations on pathogenicity and immunogenicity of a cell-culture-modified foot-and-mouth disease virus. | 1965 | 4287070 | |
| isolation of variant strains from foot-and-mouth disease virus propagated in cell cultures containing antiviral sera. | 1965 | 4286959 | |
| growth of foot and mouth disease virus in organ cultures of mouse pancreas. | 1965 | 4286947 | |
| foot and mouth disease virus rna as an antigenic factor in the complement-fixation reaction applied to the examination of human tumors. | 1965 | 4286460 | |
| some surface-active agents and their virucidal effect on foot-and-mouth disease virus. | selected cationic and anionic surface-active compounds were tested to determine their virucidal effect on the foot-and-mouth disease virus, type o, strain m11, propagated in primary calf kidney cells. the chemical inactivation of the virus was tested with 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0% concentrations of the selected compounds. virus controls with ph adjusted to cover the expected range of the mixtures of the chemicals and virus were also tested. the absence of virus from the mixtures of chemical and vi ... | 1965 | 4286396 |
| activity of foot-and-mouth disease virus antiserum after treatment with beta-propiolactone to inactivate a contaminating virus. | 1965 | 4286245 | |
| typing of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. | 1965 | 4286224 | |
| cross-protection product in an attempt of quantitative antigenic differentiation of two foot-and-mouth disease virus strains type o in cattle. | 1965 | 4286223 | |
| sensitivity of cell cultures, cattle, mice, and guinea-pigs for detection of nineteen foot-and-mouth disease viruses. | 1965 | 4286222 | |
| comparative assay of foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle, mice, and cell cultures. | 1965 | 4286221 | |
| [trial filtration on "millipore vm and vf" membranes of a type a7 foot-and-mouth disease virus adapted to mice by intramuscular inoculation]. | 1966 | 4286217 | |
| [study of mutants of foot-and-mouth disease virus obtained by cultivation at low temperature. selection of strains non-pathogenic in swine]. | 1966 | 4285751 | |
| actinomycetes activity against foot and mouth disease virus determined by a new method. | 1965 | 4285352 | |
| comparison of the inactivation and antigenicity of foot-and-mouth-disease virus by acetylethyleneimine and by combined effect of ultraviolet light and beta-propiolactone. | 1965 | 4285068 | |
| typing of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. | 1965 | 4285040 | |
| [evaluation of the immunogenic capacity of the foot-and-mouth disease virus by measurement of complement fixing capacity after treatment by a fluorocarbon]. | 1965 | 4285035 | |
| [subtypes of the foot-and-mouth disease virus type o. their antigenic and immunologic properties and mutual relationships]. | 1964 | 4284199 | |
| production of foot-and-mouth disease virus antigen from bhk 21 clone 13 cells grown and infected in deep suspension cultures. | 1965 | 4284162 | |
| [experimental increase of nonspecific resistance to infection of the mouse with foot-and-mouth disease virus]. | 1964 | 4284151 | |
| [on the development of myotropic foot-and-mouth disease virus strains in guinea pigs]. | 1964 | 4284150 | |
| morphological transformation of calf kidney cells induced by foot-and-mouth disease virus. | 1965 | 4284100 | |
| [on testing the efficiency of foot-and-mouth disease hyperimmune serum in guinea pigs by injecting myotropic foot-and-mouth disease virus strains]. | 1965 | 4283976 | |
| isolation of variants during passage of a strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus in partly immunized cattle. | 1965 | 4283920 | |
| immunofluorescent detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the esophageal-pharyngeal fluids of inoculated cattle. | 1970 | 4194347 | |
| electron microscopy of the rna of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | 1970 | 4192488 | |
| activated sepharose as an adsorbent for antibodies of foot-and-mouth disease virus, and its use as an immunoadsorbent for type and subtype differentiation. | 1969 | 4186898 | |
| reactions of intracellular crystals of foot-and-mouth disease virus with ferritin-tagged antibody. | 1969 | 4182173 | |
| [studies on the differentiation of the foot-and-mouth disease virus types o, a and c in cell culture using the direct coons' method]. | 1968 | 4176180 | |
| [a contribution to the preparation of pure virus strains of the foot-and-mouth disease virus by means of the plaque method]. | 1966 | 4168210 | |
| inhibition of cell-free foot-and-mouth disease virus-ribonucleic acid synthesis by antibody. | 1967 | 4164645 | |
| [contribution to clone isolation of foot-and-mouth disease virus with the plaque method]. | 1965 | 4160239 | |
| metabolic studies on heart of unweaned rabbits infected with foot-and mouth disease virus. | 1974 | 4154715 | |
| [demonstration of antibody-synthesizing cells in mice and swine by means of local hemolysis in gel following immunization with foot-and-mouth disease virus and vaccine]. | 1974 | 4154623 | |
| serum immunoglobulins in white rats immunized with foot-and-mouth disease virus antigens. | 1973 | 4148114 | |
| antigenic variation of venezuelan strains of foot and mouth disease viruses. | 1974 | 4143492 | |
| [detection of antibody-forming cells by means of local hemolysis in gel (lhg) in mice and pigs after immunization with infectious or inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus (author's transl)]. | 1974 | 4143236 | |
| [differences in the antigenic structure of strains of the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. | 1974 | 4143073 | |
| on the architecture of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | 1971 | 4114966 | |
| further evidence for multiple proteins in the foot-and-mouth disease virus particle. | 1971 | 4108674 | |
| [structure of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. 1. the buildup of the protein capsule]. | 1971 | 4104057 | |
| nonspecific immunostimulation against viruses. | a trypsinized preparation from chromogenic selected strain of mycobacterium phlei (nsi) stimulated the recipient immune system non-specifically against a variety of viruses viz. rabies virus (rna virus). marek's disease (dna virus) and foot and mouth disease virus (rna virus) in phylogenetically different hosts like mice, chicks and guinea pigs respectively. investigation into mechanisms of such nonspecific immunostimulation revealed that there was induction of strong cell mediated immune respon ... | 1985 | 4064625 |
| [use of muramyl dipeptides in models of synthetic vaccines]. | vaccination represents a great success in clinical immunology and new approaches for designing vaccines of the future are now available. protective antigens could be obtained by recombinant dna technology or by synthesis. these new immunogens are likely to be poor immunogens and require the use of carrier and adjuvants. both carrier and adjuvant present some limitations. in this report we consider how synthetic glycopeptides analogous to muramyl dipeptide (mdp) can be used as adjuvants under sui ... | 1985 | 3896261 |
| serologic survey of viral antibodies in the peruvian alpaca (lama pacos). | sera from more than 100 alpacas (lama pacos) from the peruvian southern sierra were examined for antibodies to 8 viruses known to infect other domestic animals. on the basis of these serologic findings and previously published serologic or clinical data, it is now known that the alpaca can be infected with the following viruses: parainfluenza-3, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpesvirus-1, bluetongue virus, border disease virus, influenza a virus, rotavirus, rabies virus, vesicular ... | 1987 | 3826854 |
| in vitro immune serum-mediated protection of pig monocytes against african swine fever virus. | serum samples from pigs that had recovered from infection with a dominican republic isolate of african swine fever virus (asfv) were mixed with dilutions of the virus, then assayed in microcultures of normal pig mononuclear leukocytes to determine whether the samples contained antibodies that protected monocytes against the virus. protection was determined by the difference in titer (log10) between virus mixed with healthy pig serum and virus mixed with immune pig serum, using 50% cytopathogenic ... | 1987 | 3631688 |
| molecular cloning and sequence determination of the genomic regions encoding protease and genome-linked protein of three picornaviruses. | to investigate the degree of similarity between picornavirus proteases, we cloned the genomic cdnas of an enterovirus, echovirus 9 (strain barty), and two rhinoviruses, serotypes 1a and 14lp, and determined the nucleotide sequence of the region which, by analogy to poliovirus, encodes the protease. the nucleotide sequence of the region encoding the genome-linked protein vpg, immediately adjacent to the protease, was also determined. comparison of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences with ... | 1986 | 3512851 |
| immune response to foot-and-mouth disease virus in a murine experimental model: effective thymus-independent primary and secondary reaction. | the immune response against foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) was studied in a murine model. in untreated control mice, the inoculation of 10,000 suckling mouse 50% lethal doses of ol campos fmdv i.p. was followed by a burst of viraemia that disappeared in less than 4 days, i.e. when the neutralizing antibodies (nab) reached titres above one neutralizing unit. in mice treated with cyclophosphamide, the curves of viraemia and nab were significantly delayed. nu/nu mice injected with fmdv had cur ... | 1986 | 3490436 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus. iii. evaluation of antibodies after infection and vaccination. | investigations using a liquid-phase blocking sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the measurement of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) in sera from sheep and from cattle are reported, and results compared with those obtained by virus neutralization (vn) tests. serum antibody titres in sheep after primary vaccination and in cattle challenged with a natural aerosol after vaccination were similar by elisa and vn. however, the antibody levels detected in sera o ... | 1987 | 3428376 |
| 3d gene of foot-and-mouth disease virus. conservation by convergence of average sequences. | the nucleotide sequence of the 3d (polymerase) gene of eight epidemiologically related isolates of foot-and-mouth disease virus of serotype c1 is reported. the genetic heterogeneity of 3d rna is compared with that of the vp1-coding rna of the same viruses. regression lines of substitutions per nucleotide that distinguish any pair of viruses as a function of the time interval between the corresponding isolations show: (1) the slope (substitutions/nucleotide per month) is 2.1 times larger for the ... | 1988 | 3225850 |
| gtp-binding domain: three consensus sequence elements with distinct spacing. | a sequence comparison of nine functionally different gtp-binding protein families has yielded further information on the general characterization of the conservation and importance of amino acid sequences in the gtp-binding domain, including a consensus sequence composed of three consensus elements gxxxxgk, dxxg, and nkxd with consensus spacings of either 40-80 or approximately equal to 130-170 amino acid residues between the first and second elements and approximately 40-80 amino acid residues ... | 1987 | 3104905 |
| role of epidermal langerhans cells in viral infections. | langerhans cells function as highly potent antigen-presenting cells in the epidermis. in the last few years, their role in viral infections has been studied in various experimental systems. they have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of a number of infections of viral origin. these include vaccinia virus, human papilloma virus, herpes simplex virus, foot and mouth disease virus and human retrovirus infections. studies on the effect of various factors, that are known to modulate the a ... | 1988 | 3063231 |
| proteolytic processing of foot-and-mouth disease virus polyproteins expressed in a cell-free system from clone-derived transcripts. | all picornaviral genes are expressed as a single, large polyprotein, which is proteolytically processed into the system produces functional proteins, including viral protease 3c, which plays a major role in processing the precursor proteins. to study the function of the two putative proteases 3c and leader (l) in processing, we constructed several cdna plasmids encoding various regions of the fmdv type a12 genome. these plasmids, containing fmdv cdna segments under the control of the t7 promoter ... | 1987 | 3041041 |
| effect of lysosomotropic compounds on early events in foot-and-mouth disease virus replication. | the effect of three lysosomotropic compounds, chloroquine, monensin and nh4cl, on the replication of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) type a12 was studied. viral replication was almost totally inhibited by 0.5 mm chloroquine, 50 microm monensin, or 25 mm nh4cl. monensin and nh4cl affected replication when added either before or within the first hour of infection. chloroquine, however, still inhibited viral replication when added up to 2.5 h after infection. assays of binding of radiolabeled v ... | 1987 | 3037820 |
| surface structure and rna-protein interactions of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | the surface structure of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) and the interaction of the individual capsid proteins with the virus rna have been examined using modification reagents. by measuring the extent of modification of the lysine residues of intact and disrupted virus particles and the 12s protein subunit with bolton & hunter reagent it was found that 54% of the residues of vp1, 15% of the residues of vp2 and 37% of the residues of vp3, equivalent to five, two and four lysine residues resp ... | 1987 | 3035064 |
| relationship of theiler's murine encephalomyelitis viruses to the cardiovirus genus of picornaviruses. | sequence analysis of vp1 in the da strain of theiler's murine encephalomyelitis viruses (tmev) showed that 13 of the first 23 n-terminal amino acids were identical to those in the corresponding protein of encephalomyocarditis virus. there was little similarity to the corresponding vp1 sequences of poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3, coxsackievirus b3, human rhinoviruses 2 and 14, human hepatitis a virus or foot-and-mouth disease virus. these results, as well as serological relationships detected by imm ... | 1986 | 3034822 |
| immune response to uncoupled peptides of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | uncoupled synthetic peptide representing the sequence of amino acids 141-160 of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) protein vp1 induced a virus-neutralizing antibody response in guinea-pigs. this response required incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa) for the primary inoculation and was dependent on the presence of an added cysteine residue with an unblocked sulphydryl group at the carboxy-terminus. secondary immunization could be carried out in the absence of adjuvant. a study of the relative acti ... | 1987 | 3034769 |
| fixation of mutations in the viral genome during an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease: heterogeneity and rate variations. | rates of fixation of mutations during the evolution of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) c1 in nature have been estimated by hybridization of viral rna to cloned cdnas representing defined fmdv genome segments, and comparison of the selected rnas by t1 rnase oligonucleotide fingerprinting. values ranged from less than 0.04 x 10(-2) to 4.5 x 10(-2) substitutions per nucleotide per year (s/nt/yr), depending on the time period and the genomic segment considered. rates for viral structural pro ... | 1986 | 3034729 |
| challenging settled opinions in classic foot-and-mouth disease vaccine preparation. | in a previous study we challenged the generally accepted opinion that inactivation of fmdv by formaldehyde (fa) is an (unsafe) non-linear process. our data showed that under proper conditions inactivation will be linear without "tailing-off". for more than forty years two other fixed beliefs existed with respect to fmd vaccine preparation: virus must first be adsorbed to al(oh)3-gel before being inactivated. concentrations of formaldehyde are critical and must be within a very narrow range. unti ... | 1987 | 3034709 |
| multiple variants in foot-and-mouse disease virus (fmdv) populations: the achilles heel for peptide and rec. dna vaccines? | variants of type a10 fmdv were isolated by passage of virus in bhk-cells in the presence of a neutralizing anti-peptide serum or monoclonal antibodies. these variants which were no longer neutralized by the particular anti-peptide serum or monoclonal antibody were easily obtained from (crude) virus populations ("cattle" virus and bhk-adapted virus). the rapidity of isolation (in two or three passages) suggested that these variants are already present in normal virus populations. all (plaque puri ... | 1987 | 3034708 |
| all foot and mouth disease virus serotypes initiate protein synthesis at two separate augs. | translation of the foot and mouth disease virus genome in vitro and in vivo indicated that all seven serotypes initiate protein synthesis at two separate augs. sequence analysis of the region surrounding these augs has shown that the efficiency with which the initiating aug is recognized is dependent on the flanking nucleotides. however, in vitro, the major factor determining which aug is used is the concentration of mg2+. | 1987 | 3033601 |
| subtyping of european foot-and-mouth disease virus strains by nucleotide sequence determination. | the vp1-coding regions of foot-and-mouth disease virus strains from 18 recent european outbreaks and of 9 strains isolated more than 20 years ago and used in part as vaccines were determined by direct cdna sequencing. comparison of the sequences revealed that most of the isolated outbreak viruses are closely related to the vaccine strains used. isolates from the italian epizootic of 1984 to 1985 correspond, for example, to the vaccine strain a5 parma 62; the outbreak in 1984 in bernbeuren, feder ... | 1987 | 3033288 |
| peptide vaccine--a new approach to a safer foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccine. | a synthetic peptide, of which the region of the major antigenic determinant of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype o1k located on the coat protein vp1 consists, was coupled to different protein carriers. comparing the potency of the conjugates to elicit neutralising antibodies it has been shown that klh was the best carrier protein. using different amounts of peptide a (aa 144-aa 159) the dependence of neutralising antibody response on the amount of injected peptide has been demonstrated. pept ... | 1987 | 3032213 |
| conformational alteration in foot-and-mouth disease virus virion capsid structure after complexing with monospecific antibody. | a mechanism of neutralization of virus infectivity by antibody is described and related to the immune defences in vivo. the interaction of a particular monoclonal antibody with homologous foot-and-mouth disease virus alters the conformation of the virions to permit penetration of staining reagents. a consequence of this structural alteration is that the rna genome becomes susceptible to dissociation from the capsid proteins. this mechanism of virus neutralization is irreversible and therefore pr ... | 1987 | 3028937 |
| antigenic comparison of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes with monoclonal antibodies. | the capsid structures of the 7 serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus have been compared utilizing a series of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies which were previously shown to recognize at least 4 distinct epitopes on type a12 virus. a radioimmune binding assay using radioactively labeled antigens and the monoclonal antibodies revealed that certain conformation dependent epitopes are conserved among a subtypes, while some continuous epitopes are conserved among a subtypes as well as other fm ... | 1986 | 3026110 |
| further characterization of a morphogenetic mutant of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. | in this paper we describe further characterization of a foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) temperature-sensitive mutant, ts 139. this mutant was very sensitive to heat inactivation, suggesting that its viral particles are somehow altered. the electrophoretic analysis of ts 139 structural proteins indicated that vp2 has an altered mobility. furthermore, two known protein precursors of vp2, vp0 and p88, were shown to be altered, as was p64, which supports a vp2 precursor role for p64. the ts 139 ... | 1986 | 3026109 |
| host cell modulation of foot-and-mouth disease virus procapsid synthesis. | bhk21 (clone 13s) cells of high (bhk-sh) and low (bhk-sl) passage number were infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) subtypes a24, a25 and c3. while the amount of virus specific rna produced in bhk-sh cells was 25% of that in bhk-sl cells and the virion production was 27% (c3) to 53% (a24) lower, the synthesis of viral proteins was comparable, associated with an accumulation of procapsids in bhk-sh cells. the results suggest that changes in viral infection pattern with increasing bhk2 ... | 1986 | 3024386 |
| ribavirin cures cells of a persistent infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus in vitro. | ribavirin (1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1h-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide) eliminates foot-and-mouth disease virus from persistently infected cell cultures. the latter are 10-fold more sensitive to ribavirin than lytically infected cells. in treated cells no viral rna or proteins could be detected by dot-blot hybridization to cdna probes, virus and rna infectivity assays, or immunofluorescence. a potential application of the drug for the treatment of animals carrying the virus is suggested. | 1987 | 3023704 |
| theiler's virus genome is closely related to that of encephalomyocarditis virus, the prototype cardiovirus. | theiler's virus causes a persistent demyelinating infection of the mouse central nervous system. our study of the molecular mechanism of persistence led us to sequence 1925 nucleotides located at the 3' end of the viral genome. we observed extensive homologies between this region and the corresponding region of encephalomyocarditis virus, the prototype cardiovirus, and only some homologies with the 3' ends of foot-and-mouth disease virus, rhinovirus, and poliovirus genomes. | 1986 | 3023668 |
| the genome-linked proteins of aphthoviruses: specific immunoprecipitation of the three species detected on virus rna and identification of possible precursors. | synthetic peptides have been made corresponding to the c-terminal portion of each of the three presumptive genome-linked proteins (vpgs) of foot-and-mouth disease virus type a10. antisera against each of these peptides efficiently precipitated only the homologous vpg, and the reactions were inhibited by prior absorption with homologous, but not heterologous synthetic peptide. the peptide antisera precipitated a number of proteins from infected cell extracts with mol. wt. of 100, 84, 56, 36, 27, ... | 1986 | 3023531 |
| a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus. ii. application. | the liquid-phase blocking sandwich elisa has been evaluated for the serological study of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv). the titres recorded for sera from a population of more than 300 british uninfected, unvaccinated cattle which were examined against each of the seven immunologically distinct fmdv types were less than 1 in 40. a positive correlation between elisa and vn titres was recorded for sera either vaccinated or involved in outbreaks of fmdv. the overall regressi ... | 1986 | 3021855 |
| a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus. i. development and method of elisa. | a liquid-phase blocking sandwich elisa has been developed for the quantification of antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus which may replace the virus neutralisation (vn) test. this test employs the incubation of a constant amount of antigen with a range of test serum dilutions in the liquid-phase before being assayed using a trapping elisa. thus it does not rely on the availability or growth of tissue culture cells. the assay is rapid and relatively simple to perform, reagents are used ... | 1986 | 3021854 |
| an electroblotting technique for assessing the integrity of the major immunogenic protein in foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccines. | a method has been developed whereby vp1, the major immunogenic protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus can be detected after electroblotting on nitrocellulose paper. proteins can be examined in unfractionated virus harvests and after formulation as aluminium hydroxide-adjuvanted vaccines. the limit of detection is approximately 10 ng of vp1 and up to 20 samples can be analysed simultaneously. the technique allows the integrity of vp1 to be examined in fully formulated vaccines. | 1986 | 3021799 |
| [a hitherto unknown reaction pattern in vertebrate cells (riv). 2. the protective effect of riv particle preparations against foot-and-mouth disease in guinea pigs]. | further observations concerning the previously described riv-particles are reported. they were isolated from a diploid cell line of bovine origin, embryonal duck fibroblasts and bhk-21 cells. a protective effect against foot-and-mouth-disease virus in guinea pigs could be observed following inoculation with the riv-preparation of bovine origin. all 3 preparations isolated from the 3 cell lines showed immunologic cross reactions. | 1986 | 3020838 |
| exposure of sheep to natural aerosols of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | sheep taken individually and allowed to inhale air being drawn along a duct from a cabinet containing pigs acutely infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus for 10 or 15 minute periods were infected by doses as low as 10 tcid50 of virus. the most consistent and reliable indicators of infection were viraemia and seroconversion. the mean times from exposure to onset of viraemia, pyrexia and the appearance of vesicular lesions were 2.5, 3.8 and 4.7 days, respectively. neither the time from exposur ... | 1986 | 3020658 |
| detection of a genome-linked protein (vpg) of hepatitis a virus and its comparison with other picornaviral vpgs. | the nucleotide sequence corresponding to the p3 region of the hepatitis a virus (hav) polyprotein genome was determined from cloned cdna and translated into an amino acid sequence. comparison of the amino acid sequences of the genome-linked proteins (vpgs) of other picornaviruses with the predicted amino acid sequence of hav was used to locate the primary structure of a putative vpg within the genome of hav. the sequence of hav vpg, like those of other picornaviral vpg molecules, contains a tyro ... | 1986 | 3018280 |
| experimental infection of vampire bats with foot and mouth disease virus. | 1986 | 3016350 | |
| immune protection against foot-and-mouth disease virus studied using virus-neutralizing and non-neutralizing concentrations of monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mab) against sequential or conformational epitopes on foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) passively protected neonatal syngeneic (balb/c) mice at dilutions at which they could not neutralize virus infectivity in vitro. the b2, d9, 1c6 and 4c9 mab, against the group 1 (sequential) and group 2 (conformational) epitopes, protected the mice at an antibody:virion molar ratio of between 38:1 and 84:1 (12-18 times lower than that required for neutralization of virus infectivity i ... | 1986 | 3015780 |
| foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) experimental infection: susceptibility and immune response of adult mice. | adult mice are susceptible to foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) infection only under some experimental conditions. this paper report the results of pathogenesis studies on 4 different strains of mice (cf1, c3h, nih-nude, balb-c/j) infected with the cloned and uncloned 0(1)c strain of fmdv. high virus titers were detected in blood and pancreas 12-24 h after infection (p.i.); these persisted for up to 48 h p.i. in cf1 and balb-c/j mice and 72 h p.i. in the two other mouse strains. virus titers o ... | 1986 | 3014713 |
| plaque enhancement effect of sodium thiosulfate for foot-and-mouth disease viruses. | a plaque enhancement effect by the addition of sodium thiosulfate for foot-and-mouth disease viruses was demonstrated when this salt was incorporated in agar and in agarose overlay media. most of the mechanism is obscure, however, as one of the effects is that sodium thiosulfate seems to interact in a reversible manner against the plaque inhibitor action of neutral red in cellular cytoplasm. a plaque inhibitor contained in agar could be removed in some degree by the addition of this salt. | 1986 | 3012288 |
| protection of guinea pigs against local and systemic foot-and-mouth disease after administration of synthetic lipid amine (avridine) liposomes. | injection of the synthetic lipid amine, avridine, in the form of liposomes, protected guinea pigs against the development of lesions from foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) inoculated intradermally into the rear footpads. the animals were protected against the development of vesicles at the inoculation site as well as the systemic spread of virus. maximal protection was obtained after intracardial injection of 5-10 mg doses of liposomal avridine. lower doses yielded decreased protection. subcut ... | 1986 | 3010856 |
| potential for the transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus from african buffalo (syncerus caffer) to cattle. | foot-and-mouth disease viruses of types sat 1 and sat 2 isolated from diseased cattle and carrier buffalo, either on the same farm or in the same ecological area within a short time of each other, were compared by t1 oligonucleotide mapping. no similarity was observed between the maps obtained, indicating that the different populations of virus were unique to each species and that no interspecies transmission had occurred. | 1986 | 3010415 |
| a second protease of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) genes are expressed as a polyprotein which is rapidly processed into the four primary cleavage products l, p1, p2, and p3. in secondary cleavage reactions, these are further processed into the mature proteins. the fmdv l protein is located at the n terminus of the polyprotein and is the first gene product released from the nascent polyprotein. for analysis of its biological function, the l gene was mutated by site-directed mutagenesis of cloned cdna. in vitro ... | 1986 | 3009894 |
| protection of cattle against foot-and-mouth disease by a synthetic peptide. | a chemically synthesized peptide consisting essentially of two separate regions (residues 141 to 158 and 200 to 213) of a virus coat protein (vp1) from the o1 kaufbeuren strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus was prepared free of any carrier protein. it elicited high levels of neutralizing antibody and protected cattle against intradermolingual challenge by inoculation with infectious virus. comparative evaluation of this peptide with a single-site peptide (residues 141 to 158) in guinea pigs su ... | 1986 | 3008333 |
| the sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus rna to the 5' side of the poly(c) tract. | the nucleotide sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) rna to the 5' side of the poly(c) tract (s fragment) has been determined for representatives of the a and o serotypes of the virus. the two s fragments differ in length by five nucleotides (nt), with 367 nt for o1 compared with 362 nt for a10, due to a number of insertions/deletions. however, the two sequences show 86% homology. there are no conserved open reading frames (orfs). secondary structure predictions reveal a high degree of ... | 1985 | 3007298 |
| biochemical characterization of a foot-and-mouth disease virus strain attenuated for cattle. brief report. | wild-type, virulent (a-24 cruzeiro subtype) foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), a related attenuated strain and revertants of the attenuated strain were examined by titration on primary bovine kidney (pbk) and baby hamster kidney (bhk-21) cells, as well as, by infection of unweaned mice. wild type virus grew equally well in all three systems, whereas the attenuated strain had a titer 2-3 log lower in pbk cells than in the other 2 assays. within 9 successive passages in bhk-21 cells the attenuat ... | 1986 | 3006639 |
| characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus gene products with antisera against bacterially synthesized fusion proteins. | defined segments of the cloned foot-and-mouth disease virus genome corresponding to all parts of the coding region were expressed in escherichia coli as fusions to the n-terminal part of the ms2-polymerase gene under the control of the inducible lambda pl promoter. all constructs yielded large amounts of proteins, which were purified and used to raise sequence-specific antisera in rabbits. these antisera were used to identify the corresponding viral gene products in 35s-labeled extracts from foo ... | 1986 | 3005640 |
| protective effect of interferon on infections with hand, foot, and mouth disease virus in newborn mice. | the protective effect of interferon on infection with coxsackievirus type a 16 (ca-16) or enterovirus type 71 (ev-71) in newborn mice was examined. subcutaneous administration of murine interferon (muifn-alpha/beta) into the infected mice produced a protective effect against infection with ca-16 or ev-71. it was found that the time of administration of muifn was important in relation to the cycle of infection. protection was observed when muifn was given once daily for several days, from one day ... | 1986 | 3005425 |
| bacterially expressed antigenic peptide from foot-and-mouth disease virus capsid elicits variable immunologic responses in animals. | a fusion protein consisting of beta-galactosidase (gz) to which was attached at its n-terminus the amino acid sequence corresponding to residues 142-160 of the immunogenic protein vp1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) has been expressed in e. coli. a chemically synthesized section of dna corresponding to the amino acid sequence 142-160 was inserted into a vector (pxy410) designed to express fusion proteins with the carboxy terminal 1015 amino acids of gz. the hybrid protein immunopurified b ... | 1986 | 3005401 |
| the duration of the foot-and-mouth disease virus carrier state in african buffalo (i) in the individual animal and (ii) in a free-living herd. | the maintenance of a virus depends on a number of factors, including the duration of infectivity and the size of the available host population. in this work, foot-and-mouth disease virus was shown to persist in individual african buffalo (syncerus caffer) for up to at least five years; thus, the duration of infectivity is more than adequate to cover the normal periods between calving peaks. in a small isolated free-living population which varied from 30 to 100 buffalo, two immunological types of ... | 1985 | 3004803 |
| [experiments to purify and concentrate the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. | experiments were carried out for the purification and concentration of the foot-and-mouth disease virus. for the purpose the virus suspensions were treated with chloroform and 8 per cent polyethylene glycol. the precipitated virus was eluated with phosphate buffer (of ph 7.6) up to 1:100 of the initial volume. the concentrated virus was subjected to gradient ultracentrifugation on gradient of cscl. the fractions obtained were investigated through radial immunodiffusion reaction with early sera, ... | 1985 | 3004012 |
| guanidine-selected mutants of poliovirus: mapping of point mutations to polypeptide 2c. | sequence analysis of the genomic rna of interstrain guanidine-resistant and antibody-resistant variant recombinants of poliovirus type 1 mapped the resistance of mutants capable of growth in 2.0 mm guanidine hydrochloride to a region located 3' of nucleotide 4444. this region of the viral genome specifies the nonstructural protein 2c. the sequence of genomic rna encoding 2c from six independently isolated mutants resistant to 2.0 mm guanidine was determined. all six isolates contained a mutation ... | 1986 | 3003395 |
| [development of a method for the quantitative determination of the immunizing antigen (140s) of the foot-and-mouth disease virus]. | attempts were made to work out a method for measuring the amount of the 140 s antigen in virus suspensions. early postinfection sera were obtained from guinea pigs against the productional strains of the foot-and-mouth disease virus which were used in the radial immunodiffusion test. the investigated virus suspensions were concentrated 50 to 200 times and were placed in a cscl gradient for gradient centrifugation. the 140 s antigen fractions obtained were titrated in a radial immunodiffusion tes ... | 1985 | 3002008 |
| [behavior of foot-and-mouth disease virus in various density gradient media]. | 1985 | 3000312 | |
| [an optical method for the quantitative detection of antibodies to foot-and-mouth disease virus--initial results]. | 1985 | 3000308 | |
| multiple sites of recombination within the rna genome of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | recombinant foot-and-mouth disease viruses were isolated from cells infected with a mixture of temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants belonging to different subtype strains. in order to select for recombination events in many different regions of the genome, crosses were performed between various pairs of mutants, with ts mutations in different regions of the genome. ts+ progeny were analysed by electrofocusing virus-induced proteins and rnase t1 fingerprinting of their rna. all but 5 out of 43 inde ... | 1985 | 3000107 |