Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| melioidosis and pandora's box in the lao people's democratic republic. | melioidosis has not been recognized previously in laos, but within months of starting a prospective study of community acquired septicemia in vientiane, 2 patients with melioidosis were identified. one was a previously healthy, 44-year-old female rice farmer who presented with supraclavicular lymphadenitis and the other was a 74-year-old man with diabetes and renal calculi who was receiving corticosteroids and had septicemia and septic arthritis. | 2001 | 11181133 |
| activity of plant flavonoids against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. | thirty eight plant-derived flavonoids representing seven different structural groups were tested for activities against antibiotic-resistant bacteria using the disc-diffusion assay and broth dilution assay. among the flavonoids examined, four flavonols (myricetin, datiscetin, kaempferol and quercetin) and two -flavones (flavone and luteolin) exhibited inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). myricetin was also found to inhibit the growth of multidrug-resist ... | 2001 | 11180521 |
| expression of 2-halobenzoate dioxygenase genes (cbdsabc) involved in the degradation of benzoate and 2-halobenzoate in burkholderia sp. th2. | burkholderia sp. th2, isolated from soil, utilizes 2-chlorobenzoate (2cb) and benzoate (ba) as its sole source of carbon and energy. the genes for 2-halobenzoate dioxygenase (cbdabc) from burkholderia sp. th2 were cloned and sequenced. the predicted amino acid sequences of all the gene products are highly similar to the cbd gene products of pseudomonas sp. 2cbs. disruption of the promoter region of cbda resulted in loss of growth on 2cb and ba, indicating that these genes are involved in the gro ... | 2001 | 11179677 |
| screening and characterization of trehalose-oleate hydrolyzing lipase. | various soil samples were collected to screen the presence of microorganisms which have ability to degrade toe. one strain (aku-883) with good toe degrading activity was isolated and identified as burkholderia cepacia and the extracellular enzyme was purified to homogeneity. the purification was achieved by ultrafiltration, super q anion-exchange chromatography and superdex 200hr gel-filtration in the presence of triton x. the enzyme was purified to 85-fold, and specific activity of 4.910 ku mg ... | 2001 | 11179657 |
| phenotypic and phylogenetic characterization of burkholderia (pseudomonas) sp. strain lb400. | the relevant phenotypic traits and phylogenetic relationships between burkholderia (pseudomonas) sp. strain lb400 and b. cepacia atcc 25416(t) were compared to determine the degree to which these two strains might be related. strain lb400 degrades chlorinated biphenyls and has been a model system for potential use in the bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls, while some strains of b. cepacia are plant and human pathogens. the fatty acid methyl ester profile, sole carbon source utilization, ... | 2001 | 11178728 |
| detection of immunoglobulins m and g using culture filtrate antigen of burkholderia pseudomallei. | igm and igg based elisa systems were developed using the culture filtrate antigen (cfa) of burkholderia pseudomallei. the assays were evaluated using 95 sera from 66 septicemic cases and 47 sera from 20 cases with localized melioidosis. in addition 65 sera from culture negative cases that were also serologically negative for other endemic infections clinically suspected of melioidosis were included. these were compared with sera from 260 non-melioidosis cases, 169 sera from individuals with high ... | 2001 | 11173184 |
| study on the pathophysiology of experimental burkholderia pseudomallei infection in mice. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the etiological agent of melioidosis, a potentially fatal disease occurring in man and animals. the aim of this study was to investigate the pathophysiological course of experimental melioidosis, and to identify the target organs, in an animal model. for this purpose swiss mice were infected intraperitoneally with the virulent strain b. pseudomallei 6068. the bacterial load of various organs was quantified daily by bacteriological analysis and by an enzyme-linked imm ... | 2001 | 11172992 |
| new broad-host-range promoter probe vectors based on the plasmid rk2 replicon. | broad-host-range plasmid rk2-based promoter probe vectors with a known nucleotide sequence were constructed. in the absence of an upstream promoter, the expression of two tested reporter genes (luc and lacz) in escherichia coli was virtually zero, while insertion of the ptrc promoter resulted in strong inducer-dependent expression. the lacz-based vectors were mobilized into pseudomonas fluorescens st, pseudomonas putida kt2442, sphingomonas spp. and burkholderia spp. lb400, and expression analys ... | 2001 | 11167001 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei from tropical northern australia and implications for therapy of melioidosis. | from a prospective melioidosis study commencing in 1989 at royal darwin hospital, 170 initial isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei were available for susceptibility testing. of these 163 (96%) were susceptible to meropenem/imipenem, ceftazidime, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (smx/tmp) and doxycycline. seven (4%) showed primary resistance; three had low-level resistance to smx/tmp, one to ceftriaxone and amoxycillin/clavulanate (amox/ca) and three to doxycycline. of 167 patients who survived th ... | 2001 | 11165114 |
| the chlorobenzoate dioxygenase genes of burkholderia sp. strain nk8 involved in the catabolism of chlorobenzoates. | burkholderia sp. nk8 grows abundantly on 3-chlorobenzoate (3cb),4-chlorobenzoate (4cb) and benzoate. the genes encoding the oxidation of (chloro)benzoates (cbeabcd) and catechol (cata, catbc), the lysr-type regulatory gene cber and the gene cbee with unknown function, all of which form a single cluster in nk8, were cloned and analysed. the protein sequence of chlorobenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase (cbeabc) is 50-65% identical to the benzoate dioxygenase (benabc) of acinetobacter sp. adp1, toluate dioxyg ... | 2001 | 11160806 |
| identification of the acid phosphatase (acpa) gene homologues in pathogenic and non-pathogenic burkholderia spp. facilitates tnphoa mutagenesis. | burkholderia pseudomallei and burkholderia mallei are pathogens responsible for disease in both humans and animals. burkholderia thailandensis, while phylogenetically similar, is considered avirulent in comparison. these three species exhibit phosphatase activity when grown on media containing chromogenic substrates such as 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate (xp). tn5-ot182 mutagenesis has been utilized to isolate mutants of b. pseudomallei and b. thailandensis unable to hydrolyse xp. sequence ... | 2001 | 11160805 |
| in vitro resistance of burkholderia cepacia complex isolates to reactive oxygen species in relation to catalase and superoxide dismutase production. | the burkholderia cepacia complex comprises groups of genomovars (genotypically distinct strains with very similar phenotypes) that have emerged as important opportunistic pathogens in cystic fibrosis (cf) patients. the inflammatory response against bacteria in the airways of cf individuals is dominated by polymorphonuclear cells and involves the generation of oxidative stress, which leads to further inflammation and tissue damage. bacterial catalase, catalase-peroxidase and superoxide dismutase ... | 2001 | 11160804 |
| comparative specificities of two evolutionarily divergent hydrolases involved in microbial degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls. | 2-hydroxy-6-oxo-6-phenylhexa-2,4-dienoate (hopda) hydrolase (bphd) is a key determinant in the aerobic transformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) by burkholderia sp. strain lb400 (s. y. k. seah, g. labbé, s. nerdinger, m. johnson, v. snieckus, and l. d. eltis, j. biol. chem. 275:15701-15708, 2000). to determine whether this is also true in divergent biphenyl degraders, the homologous hydrolase of rhodococcus globerulus p6, bphd(p6), was hyperexpressed, purified to apparent homogeneity, a ... | 2001 | 11160080 |
| burkholderia cepacia genomovar iii is a common plant-associated bacterium. | a polyphasic taxonomic study involving dna-dna hybridization, whole-cell protein electrophoresis, and 16s ribosomal dna sequence analysis revealed that a group of burkholderia cepacia-like organisms isolated from the rhizosphere or tissues of maize, wheat, and lupine belong to b. cepacia genomovar iii, a genomic species associated with "cepacia syndrome" in cystic fibrosis patients. the present study also revealed considerable protein electrophoretic heterogeneity within this species and demonst ... | 2001 | 11157274 |
| nitrogen fixation genes in an endosymbiotic burkholderia strain. | in this paper we report the identification and characterization of a dna region containing putative nif genes and belonging to a burkholderia endosymbiont of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus gigaspora margarita. a genomic library of total dna extracted from the fungal spores was also representative of the bacterial genome and was used to investigate the prokaryotic genome. screening of the library with azospirillum brasilense nifhdk genes as the prokaryotic probes led to the identification of a ... | 2001 | 11157237 |
| pseudomonas antimicrobica attafuah and bradbury 1990 is a junior synonym of burkholderia gladioli (severini 1913) yabuuchi et al. 1993. | comparison of the 16s rdna sequence of pseudomonas antimicrobica lmg 18920t with published 16s rdna sequences from other pseudomonads indicated that pseudomonas antimicrobica belongs to the genus burkholderia, with burkholderia gladioli, burkholderia glumae and burkholderia plantarii as its closest neighbours. dna-dna hybridizations confirmed that pseudomonas antimicrobica and burkholderia gladioli represent the same species. strain lmg 18920t and other burkholderia gladioli strains were also in ... | 2000 | 11155989 |
| recent developments in pulmonary infections. | 2000 | 11153574 | |
| cloning and characterization of estc from burkholderia gladioli, a novel-type esterase related to plant enzymes. | by screening a genomic library of burkholderia gladioli (formerly pseudomonas marginata) for clones exhibiting esterolytic activity, the gene for a novel-type esterase (estc) showing significant homology to plant enzymes could be isolated. high homology was found to two hydroxynitrile lyases originating from hevea brasiliensis (tropical rubber tree) and manihot esculenta (cassava), and to two proteins from oryza sativa (rice) that are specifically induced upon infection by pseudomonas syringae p ... | 2000 | 11152069 |
| [bact-alert system for hemocultures: evaluation of terminal subcultures]. | few laboratory microbiological procedures are as important as the isolation of microorganisms from blood. to evaluate the usefulness of the terminal subcultures, 5669 blood cultures giving negative results after 7 days of incubation in the bact/alert system (organon teknika) were studied. bottles were distributed as follows: 1562 adult aerobic bottles, 119 adult anaerobic bottles, 3960 pediatric bottles and 28 fan bottles. from 5669 blood cultures, 10 subcultures that yielded growth had not been ... | 2000 | 11149151 |
| bystander activation of cd8+ t cells contributes to the rapid production of ifn-gamma in response to bacterial pathogens. | the bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei causes a life-threatening disease called melioidosis. in vivo experiments in mice have identified that a rapid ifn-gamma response is essential for host survival. to identify the cellular sources of ifn-gamma, spleen cells from uninfected mice were stimulated with b. pseudomallei in vitro and assayed by elisa and flow cytometry. costaining for intracellular ifn-gamma vs cell surface markers demonstrated that nk cells and, more surprisingly, cd8(+) t cells w ... | 2001 | 11145690 |
| characterization of bphf, a rieske-type ferredoxin with a low reduction potential. | bphf is a small, soluble, rieske-type ferredoxin involved in the microbial degradation of biphenyl. the rapid, anaerobic purification of a heterologously expressed, his-tagged bphf yielded 15 mg of highly homogeneous recombinant protein, rcbphf, per liter of cell culture. the reduction potential of rcbphf, determined using a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (hopg) electrode, was -157+/- 2 mv vs the standard hydrogen electrode (she) (20 mm mops, 80 mm kcl, and 1 mm dithiothreitol, ph 7.0, 22 de ... | 2001 | 11141059 |
| clinical aspects of chronic granulomatous disease. | data from a registry of 368 patients with chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) documenta shift in the most common infecting organisms away from staphylococci and enteric bacteria to aspergillus species, although staphylococci remain a threat. a. nidulans appears to have a particular virulence in cgd. burkholderia cepacia sepsis/pneumonia was the second most lethal infection in patients in the registry. seventy-six percent of registry patients had the x-linked recessive (xlr) form of cgd. choriore ... | 2001 | 11138621 |
| contemporary assessment of antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for polymyxin b and colistin: review of available interpretative criteria and quality control guidelines. | the emergence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter spp. has necessitated the search for alternative parenteral agents such as the polymyxins. the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) documents do not currently provide interpretative criteria for the testing of the polymyxins, colistin and polymyxin b. therefore, an evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of colistin and polymyxin b was initiated using 200 bloodstream infect ... | 2001 | 11136768 |
| infections in e-beta thalassemia. | infection is a major complication and the leading cause of death in thalassemia, especially e-beta thalassemia. the spectrum of infections in e-beta thalassemia include mild and severe infections, therapy-related infections such as yersinia enterocolitica infection associated with desferrioxamine (dfo) therapy, and transfusion-transmitted disease, as well as unique infections such as with pythiosis. prospective studies in thailand indicate that patients with e-beta thalassemia had more frequent ... | 2000 | 11132234 |
| regioselective enzymatic aminoacylation of lobucavir to give an intermediate for lobucavir prodrug. | synthesis of lobucavir prodrug, l-valine, [(1s,2r,3r)-3-(2-amino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-9h-purin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl) cyclobutyl]methyl ester monohydrochloride (bms 233866), requires regioselective coupling of one of the two hydroxyl groups of lobucavir (bms 180194) with valine. either hydroxyl group of lobucavir could be selectively aminoacylated with valine by using enzymatic reactions. n-[(phenylmethoxy)carbonyl]-l-valine, [(1r,2r,4s)-2-(2-amino-6-oxo-1h-purin-9-yl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclobutyl] ... | 2000 | 11131158 |
| monoclonal antibody-based rapid identification of burkholderia pseudomallei in blood culture fluid from patients with community-acquired septicaemia. | a monoclonal antibody-based latex agglutination (mab-la) test was employed for the rapid identification of burkholderia pseudomallei in blood culture fluid from patients with community-acquired septicaemia. these patients were admitted to 12 hospitals in the northeastern part of thailand which is a region known to be endemic for melioidosis. blood samples were collected and immediately added to the blood culture bottles which were incubated in either automated (five hospitals) or manual (seven h ... | 2000 | 11129718 |
| the treatment of respiratory pseudomonas infection in cystic fibrosis: what drug and which way? | pseudomonas aeruginosa is a non-capsulate and non-sporing gram-negative bacillus that most commonly affects the lower respiratory system in humans. burkholderia (previously pseudomonas) cepacia has emerged as an important respiratory pathogen in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). the ability of p. aeruginosa to persist and multiply in moist environments and equipment, such as humidifiers in hospital wards, bathrooms, sinks and kitchens, maybe of importance in cross-infection. p. aeruginosa infe ... | 2000 | 11129122 |
| synthesis of neoglycoproteins containing d-glycero-d-talo-oct-2-ulopyranosylonic acid (ko) ligands corresponding to core units from burkholderia and acinetobacter lipopolysaccharide. | glycal esters of kdo derivatives were converted into 2,3-anhydro intermediates, which were transformed into d-glycero-d-talo-oct-2-ulopyranosylonic acid (ko), as well as 3-o- and 4-o-p-nitrobenzoyl-ko derivatives. the exo-allyl orthoester derivative, methyl [5,7,8-tri-o-acetyl-4-o-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-2,3-o-[(1-exo-allyloxy)-ethylidene]-d-glycero-beta-d-talo-oct-2-ulopyranos]onate, prepared from the 4-o-pnbz-protected ko derivative, was elaborated into the alpha-ko allyl ketoside, the reducing disac ... | 2000 | 11128584 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei--abscess in an unusual site. | meloidosis in a unusual site has been reported in a child. complete identification of the organism has been presented. | 1999 | 11127385 |
| kinetic studies of the production of nitric oxide (no) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in macrophages stimulated with burkholderia pseudomallei endotoxin. | the mechanism by which burkholderia pseudomallei survives in macrophages is not clearly understood. in this study, we demonstrated that the mouse macrophage cell line (raw 264.7) treated with lipopolysaccharide (lps) from b. pseudomallei (bp-lps) produced significantly less no and tnf-alpha compared with those stimulated with the lps from escherichia coli and salmonella typhi. the time required for the bp-lps to trigger substantial no and tnf-alpha release was at least 30 min, compared with < 5 ... | 2000 | 11122236 |
| detection of bacterial virulence genes by subtractive hybridization: identification of capsular polysaccharide of burkholderia pseudomallei as a major virulence determinant. | burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiologic agent of melioidosis, is responsible for a broad spectrum of illnesses in humans and animals particularly in southeast asia and northern australia, where it is endemic. burkholderia thailandensis is a nonpathogenic environmental organism closely related to b. pseudomallei. subtractive hybridization was carried out between these two species to identify genes encoding virulence determinants in b. pseudomallei. screening of the subtraction library revealed a ... | 2001 | 11119486 |
| phylogeny of the major head and tail genes of the wide-ranging t4-type bacteriophages. | we examined a number of bacteriophages with t4-type morphology that propagate in different genera of enterobacteria, aeromonas, burkholderia, and vibrio. most of these phages had a prolate icosahedral head, a contractile tail, and a genome size that was similar to that of t4. a few of them had more elongated heads and larger genomes. all these phages are phylogenetically related, since they each had sequences homologous to the capsid gene (gene 23), tail sheath gene (gene 18), and tail tube gene ... | 2001 | 11114936 |
| travel-associated burkholderia pseudomallei infection (melioidosis) in a patient with cystic fibrosis: a case report. | in september 1997, a 25-year-old italian woman with cystic fibrosis (cf) spent 3 weeks in thailand. in august 1998, her pulmonary function rapidly declined, with productive cough and intermittent fever. chest x-ray films revealed diffuse, small, patchy opacities in the upper lobes. burkholderia pseudomallei (bp) was isolated from specimens of the patient's sputum and was identified by means of 16s rdna sequencing. the diagnosis of melioidosis was serologically confirmed. continuous therapy with ... | 2001 | 11112669 |
| characterization of burkholderia pseudomallei isolated in thailand and malaysia. | a total of 35 burkholderia pseudomallei isolates from thailand (16 clinical and eight soil isolates) and malaysia (seven animal, two isolate each from clinical and soil) were investigated by their antimicrobial resistance, plasmid profiles and were typed by randomly amplified polymorphic dna analysis. all isolates were found to be resistant to six or more of the 12 antimicrobial agents tested. only two small plasmids of 1.8 and 2.4 megadalton were detected in two clinical isolates from thailand. ... | 2000 | 11109011 |
| mouse model of sublethal and lethal intraperitoneal glanders (burkholderia mallei). | sixty male balb/c mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with either a sublethal or a lethal dose of burkholderia mallei china 7 strain, then killed at multiple time points postinoculation. histopathologic changes were qualitatively similar in both groups and consisted of pyogranulomatous inflammation. in sublethal study mice, changes were first seen at 6 hours in mediastinal lymph nodes, then in spleen, liver, peripheral lymph nodes, and bone marrow at day 3. these changes generally reached max ... | 2000 | 11105952 |
| [evaluation of bacterial contamination in disinfectants for domestic use]. | to evaluate disinfectants for domestic use for the presence of bacteria, identify them, and determine their tolerance level to benzalkonium chloride. | 2000 | 11105107 |
| 16s rdna analysis for characterization of denitrifying bacteria isolated from three agricultural soils. | bacteria capable of denitrification are spread among phylogenetically diverse groups. in the present investigation, molecular methods (amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis (ardra) and partial 16s rdna gene sequencing) were used to determine the genetic diversity of culturable denitrifying soil bacteria. the purpose of this work was to study the microbial density and diversity of denitrifying communities isolated from two luvisols and a rendosol. the denitrifying bacterial density was sig ... | 2000 | 11102689 |
| microbial pathogens associated with cystic fibrosis: special focus on pseudomonas aeruginosa. | cystic fibrosis (cf) is the most common inherited lethal disease among caucasians. the disease is characterized by a high sodium sweat concentration, malabsorption, malnutrition, and chronic bronchopulmonary infection. although cf is a multisystem disorder it is the deterioration of lung function, due mainly to bacterial colonization, that is the major determinant contributing to the high morbidity and mortality of affected patients. a relatively large variety of microbial species can be recover ... | 1998 | 11101911 |
| identification and detection of stenotrophomonas maltophilia by rrna-directed pcr. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in immunocompromised patients, in transplant recipients, and in persons with cystic fibrosis (cf). while this organism is nonpathogenic in healthy individuals, it is increasingly associated with morbidity and mortality in susceptible populations. recent studies have indicated that for approximately 10% of cf patients with moderate lung disease, s. maltophilia can be cultured from respiratory tract secretions. i ... | 2000 | 11101555 |
| kinetic resolution of racemic alpha-methyl-beta-propiothiolactone by lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis. | kinetic resolution of racemic alpha-methyl-beta-propiothiolactone (rac-mptl) using lipases in organic solvent was studied. the lipase from pseudomonas cepacia (pcl) showed the highest (s)-enantioselectivity (e > 100), and cyclohexane containing 1% (v/v) buffer was identified as the best reaction medium for maintaining high enantioselectivity as well as high reaction rate. while the substrate inhibition was not observed up to 300 mm rac-mptl, severe product inhibition was observed even at 50 mm r ... | 2000 | 11101323 |
| unusual respiratory bacterial flora in cystic fibrosis: microbiologic and clinical features. | pulmonary infections continue to be a significant source of morbidity and mortality among patients with cystic fibrosis. although our understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical consequences of pulmonary infections with pseudomonas aeruginosa has increased greatly in recent years, very little is known about potentially emerging pathogens such as burkholderia cepacia complex, stenotrophomonas maltophilia, alcaligenes xylosoxidans, and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. in this review ... | 2000 | 11100967 |
| bacterial lipases from pseudomonas: regulation of gene expression and mechanisms of secretion. | lipases from pseudomonas bacteria are widely used for a variety of biotechnological applications. overexpression in heterologous hosts like escherichia coli failed to produce enzymatically active lipase prompting to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of lipase gene expression and secretion. the prototype lipase from p. aeruginosa is encoded in a bicistronic operon which is transcribed from two different promotors, one of which depends on the alternative sigma factor rpon (s ... | 2000 | 11099799 |
| zoospore homing and infection events: effects of the biocontrol bacterium burkholderia cepacia ammdr1 on two oomycete pathogens of pea (pisum sativum l.). | burkholderia cepacia ammdr1 is a biocontrol agent that protects pea and sweet corn seeds from pythium damping-off in field experiments. the goal of this work was to understand the effect of b. cepacia ammdr1 on pythium aphanidermatum and aphanomyces euteiches zoospore homing events and on infection of pea seeds or roots. in vitro, b. cepacia ammdr1 caused zoospore lysis, prevented cyst germination, and inhibited germ tube growth of both oomycetes. b. cepacia ammdr1 also reduced the attractivenes ... | 2000 | 11097889 |
| studies on polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) accumulation in a pha synthase i-negative mutant of burkholderia cepacia generated by homogenotization. | in the genome of burkholderia cepacia strain ipt64, which accumulates a blend of the two homopolyesters poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), poly(3hb), and poly(3-hydroxy-4-pentenoic acid), poly(3h4pe), from sucrose or gluconate as single carbon source, the polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) synthase structural gene was disrupted by the insertion of a chloramphenicol-resistant gene cassette (phac1::cm). the suicide vector psup202 harboring phac1::cm was transferred to b. cepacia by conjugation. the inactivated gene ... | 2000 | 11094298 |
| expression of a mineral phosphate solubilizing gene from erwinia herbicola in two rhizobacterial strains. | a genetic construction was carried out using the broad host range vector pkt230 and plasmid pmcg898, which encodes the erwinia herbicola pyrroloquinoline quinone (pqq) synthase, a gene involved in mineral phosphate solubilization (mps). the final construction was transformed and expressed in escherichia coli mc1061, and the recombinant plasmids were transferred to burkholderia cepacia is-16 and pseudomonas sp. pss recipient cells by conjugation. clones containing recombinant plasmids produced hi ... | 2001 | 11090687 |
| outbreak of nosocomial burkholderia cepacia infection and colonization associated with intrinsically contaminated mouthwash. | from august 1996 through june 1998, 69 ventilated, intensive care unit patients at two arizona hospitals had nosocomial respiratory tract cultures positive for burkholderia cepacia. intrinsically contaminated alcohol-free mouthwash was identified by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis as the source of the outbreak. | 2000 | 11089663 |
| computational studies of essential dynamics of pseudomonas cepacia lipase. | in order to investigate the interfacial activation of a lipase from pseudomonas cepacia (pcl), molecular dynamics (md) simulations and essential dynamics (ed) analysis were performed in different solvent environments: vacuum and explicit water solvents. starting from the active (open) structure of pcl, the essential dynamics analysis of the simulations revealed large correlated motions, which may be responsible for the activation of the enzyme. fluctuations in the u1 (active-site lid) and u2 dom ... | 2000 | 11089650 |
| pgstp: an ivet-compatible promoter probe vector conferring resistance to trimethoprim. | 2000 | 11084853 | |
| identification of a siderophore receptor required for ferric ornibactin uptake in burkholderia cepacia. | ornibactins are linear hydroxamate siderophores produced by burkholderia cepacia with peptide structures similar to that of pyoverdines produced by the fluorescent pseudomonads. the gene encoding the outer membrane receptor (orba) was identified, sequenced, and demonstrated to have significant homology with hydroxamate receptors produced by other organisms. the orba precursor was predicted to be a protein with a molecular mass of 81 kda. an orba mutant was constructed and demonstrated to be unab ... | 2000 | 11083764 |
| genotype analysis of burkholderia pseudomallei using randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd): indicative of genetic differences amongst environmental and clinical isolates. | burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent of melioidosis, an infectious disease common in the tropics. melioidosis is most prevalent in the northeastern part of thailand. the diseases has diverse clinical manifestations ranging from mild localized to fatal septicemic forms. the bacterial genetic factors contributing to the severity of melioidosis have not been completely identified. we have developed a genotyping method based upon randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis. eighte ... | 2000 | 11080514 |
| melioidosis research in china. | research on melioidosis and its pathogen has been ongoing in china for more than two decades. it has been demonstrated that the natural foci are located predominantly in hainan, guangdong and guangxi province, where there is a good correlation between soil isolation and the serum prevalence of antibodies to burkholderia pseudomallei. the cases of melioidosis reported up to now are concentrated in the hainan and zhanjiang peninsula. investigations on serotype, virulence, ecology, antibiotic susce ... | 2000 | 11080506 |
| aquifer protist response and the potential for tce bioremediation with burkholderia cepacia g4 pr1. | bacterivorous protists have been recovered from pristine and contaminated aquifer environments, but the ecological role of these organisms in bioremediation strategies has not been well defined. burkholderia cepacia g4 pr1 constitutively expresses a toluene ortho-monooxygenase (tom) due to a secondary transposition of a tn5 transposable element in a trichloroethylene (tce) degradative plasmid (tom). groundwater and sediment from a potential site for a tce bioremediation field demonstration were ... | 2000 | 11080377 |
| bias caused by using different isolation media for assessing the genetic diversity of a natural microbial population. | the influence of isolation medium on the biodiversity of burkholderia cepacia strains recovered from the rhizosphere of zea mays was evaluated by comparing the genetic diversity of isolates obtained by plating serial dilutions of root macerates on the two selective media tb-t and pcat. from each medium, 50 randomly chosen colonies were isolated. on the basis of the restriction patterns of dna coding for 16s rrna (16s rdna) amplified by means of pcr (ardra), all strains isolated from tb-t medium ... | 2000 | 11080375 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate-6-semialdehyde dehydrogenase and its role in the protocatechuate 4,5-cleavage pathway in sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6. | protocatechuate (pca) is the key intermediate metabolite in the lignin degradation pathway of sphingomonas paucimobilis syk-6 and is metabolized to pyruvate and oxaloacetate via the pca 4,5-cleavage pathway. we characterized the 4-carboxy-2-hydroxymuconate-6-semialdehyde (chms) dehydrogenase gene (ligc). chms is the 4,5-cleavage product of pca and is converted into 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate (pdc) by ligc. we found that ligc was located 295 bp downstream of ligb, which encodes the large subunit ... | 2000 | 11073908 |
| cloning and analysis of genomic differences unique to burkholderia pseudomallei by comparison with b. thailandensis. | melioidosis is an infectious disease caused by burkholderia pseudomallei. genomic subtractive hybridisation was performed with the closely related avirulent species b. thailandensis to identify virulence genes of b. pseudomallei. the subtractive hybridisation products were highly specific for b. pseudomallei. sequence analysis revealed a number of putative virulence factors, as well as apparently novel sequences of unknown function. the subtracted library contained dna regions of relatively low ... | 2000 | 11073153 |
| the use of protocatechuate dioxygenase for maintaining anaerobic conditions in biochemical experiments. | the study of redox-active systems often requires the maintenance of anaerobic conditions. the glucose oxidase system has often been used to maintain anaerobic conditions, but it has some drawbacks, such as the production of h(2)o(2) and limitations on stability. protocatechuate dioxygenase from burkholderia cepacia and the substrate, protocatechuate, constitute an alternate effective oxygen-scrubbing system that can be used in a wide variety of biochemical experiments. we have shown its suitabil ... | 2000 | 11067739 |
| aerobic degradation of mixtures of chlorinated aliphatics by cloned toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase and toluene o-monooxygenase in resting cells. | recombinant strains of escherichia coli constitutively expressing toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase (tomo) of pseudomonas stutzeri ox1 and toluene o-monooxygenase (tom) of burkholderia cepacia g4 were investigated for their ability to oxidize trichloroethylene (tce), 1,1-dichloroethylene (1,1-dce), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-dce), trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (trans-dce), vinyl chloride (vc), and chloroform (cf), individually as well as in various mixtures. tomo oxidized all of these individual co ... | 2000 | 11064339 |
| case reports of death during pregnancy in patients with cystic fibrosis--three out of four patients were colonized with burkholderia cepacia. | 2000 | 11059957 | |
| rhizosphere competitiveness of trichloroethylene-degrading, poplar-colonizing recombinant bacteria. | indigenous bacteria from poplar tree (populus canadensis var. eugenei 'imperial carolina') and southern california shrub rhizospheres, as well as two tree-colonizing rhizobium strains (atcc 10320 and atcc 35645), were engineered to express constitutively and stably toluene o-monooxygenase (tom) from burkholderia cepacia g4 by integrating the tom locus into the chromosome. the poplar and rhizobium recombinant bacteria degraded trichloroethylene at a rate of 0.8 to 2.1 nmol/min/mg of protein and w ... | 2000 | 11055909 |
| sequencing and characterization of a novel serine metalloprotease from burkholderia pseudomallei. | burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative bacterium is found in the soil and water, mainly in southeast asia and northern australia. it is responsible for melioidosis in human and animals. the bacteria produce several potential virulent factors such as extracellular protease, hemolysin, lipase and lecithinase. the isolation of virulence genes and the study of their functions will contribute to our understanding of bacterial pathogenesis. previous studies have implicated protease as a contributi ... | 2000 | 11040430 |
| phospholipid compositional changes of five pseudomonad archetypes grown with and without toluene. | bacterial physiological responses to toluene exposure were investigated in five reference pseudomonad strains that express different toluene degradation pathways: pseudomonas putida mt-2, pseudomonas putida f1, burkholderia cepacia g4, burkholderia pickettii pko1, and pseudomonas mendocina kr1. the intact phospholipids of these archetypes, grown with and without toluene, were characterized using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry. all strains showed significant chang ... | 2000 | 11030576 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a chitosanase from the chitosanolytic bacterium burkholderia gladioli strain chb101. | a chitosanase was purified from the culture fluid of the chitino- and chitosanolytic bacterium burkholderia gladioli strain chb101. the purified enzyme (chitosanase a) had a molecular mass of 28 kda, and catalyzed the endo-type cleavage of chitosans having a low degree of acetylation (0-30%). the enzyme hydrolyzed glucosamine oligomers larger than a pentamer, but did not exhibit any activity toward n-acetylglucosamine oligomers and colloidal chitin. the gene coding for chitosanase a (csna) was i ... | 2000 | 11030572 |
| ralstonia pickettii colonization of patients in an obstetric ward caused by a contaminated irrigation system. | 2000 | 11023730 | |
| preferential adherence of cable-piliated burkholderia cepacia to respiratory epithelia of cf knockout mice and human cystic fibrosis lung explants. | the burkholderia cepacia complex consists of at least five well-documented bacterial genomovars, each of which has been isolated from the sputum of different patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). although the world-wide prevalence of this opportunist pathogen in cf patients is low (1-3%), 'epidemic' clusters occur in geographically isolated regions. prevalence in some of these clusters is as high as 30-40%. the majority of cf b. cepacia isolates belong to genomovar iii, but the relationship betwee ... | 2000 | 11023184 |
| brain abscess as the presenting feature of melioidosis. | central nervous system involvement in melioidosis is rare and there are only a few reports of the causative organism, burkholderia pseudomallei, causing a brain abscess. we report a patient who presented to us with a brain abscess due to this organism and emphasize the need for a high degree of suspicion for this disease in tropical countries and treatment with the appropriate antibiotics, as the mortality associated with this disease is very high. | 1998 | 11013674 |
| a rhamnolipid biosurfactant reduces cadmium toxicity during naphthalene biodegradation. | a model cocontaminated system was developed to determine whether a metal-complexing biosurfactant, rhamnolipid, could reduce metal toxicity to allow enhanced organic biodegradation by a burkholderia sp. isolated from soil. rhamnolipid eliminated cadmium toxicity when added at a 10-fold greater concentration than cadmium (890 microm), reduced toxicity when added at an equimolar concentration (89 microm), and had no effect at a 10-fold smaller concentration (8.9 microm). the mechanism by which rha ... | 2000 | 11010924 |
| detection and identification of bacterial endosymbionts in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the family gigasporaceae. | intracellular bacteria have been found previously in one isolate of the arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus gigaspora margarita beg 34. in this study, we extended our investigation to 11 fungal isolates obtained from different geographic areas and belonging to six different species of the family gigasporaceae. with the exception of gigaspora rosea, isolates of all of the am species harbored bacteria, and their dna could be pcr amplified with universal bacterial primers. primers specific for the e ... | 2000 | 11010905 |
| enzymes leading to the nucleotide sugar precursors for exopolysaccharide synthesis in burkholderia cepacia. | based on the chemical composition of the exopolysaccharide produced by the cystic fibrosis bacterial isolate burkholderia cepacia ist408, we postulated and confirmed, based on the specificity of enzymes detected in crude cell-free extracts, the pathway leading to the presumptive activated sugar precursors: udp-d-glucose, udp-d-galactose, udp-d-glucuronic acid, gdp-d-mannose, and gdp-d-rhamnose. results also suggest that regulation of the expression of the mucoid phenotype in b. cepacia does not ... | 2000 | 11006084 |
| use of 16s-rrna to investigate microbial population dynamics during biodegradation of toluene and phenol by a binary culture. | interspecies interactions and changes in the rate and extent of biodegradation in mixed culture-mixed substrate studies were investigated. a binary mixed culture of pseudomonas putida f1 and burkholderia sp. js150 degraded toluene, phenol, and their mixture. both toluene and phenol can serve as sole sources of carbon and energy for both p. putida f1 and strain js150. to investigate the population dynamics of this system, a fluorescent in-situ hybridization method was chosen because of its abilit ... | 2000 | 11005926 |
| modeling substrate interactions during the biodegradation of mixtures of toluene and phenol by burkholderia species js150. | the biodegradation kinetics of toluene, phenol, and a mixture of toluene and phenol by burkholderia species js150 was measured and modeled. both of these compounds can serve as the sole source of carbon and energy for this microorganism. the single-substrate biodegradation kinetics was described well using the monod model, with model constants of mu(max,t) = 0.39 h(-1) and k(s,t) = 0.011 mm for growth on toluene and mu(max,p) = 0.309 h(-1) and k(s,p) = 0.0054 mm for growth on phenol. degradation ... | 2000 | 11005925 |
| degradation of phenol and benzoic acid in a three-phase fluidized-bed reactor. | degradation of phenol and benzoic acid was studied in a fluidized-bed reactor (liquid volume 2.17 l) under nonsterile conditions with special emphasis on maximizing the flow through the reactor and investigating reactor performance at fluctuating feeds. reactor response to substrate pulses was investigated by applying substrate square-wave inputs at a liquid flow of 1.00 l h(-1). a twofold increase of the phenol and benzoic acid feed concentrations for 2.5 h did not lead to accumulation and brea ... | 2000 | 11005921 |
| pseudomonas cepacia induced septic shock after propofol--a case report. | we report a healthy young female who developed septic shock and multiple organ failure soon after receiving a cosmetic surgery for augmentation of breasts under general anesthesia. blood cultures yielded the growth of pseudomonas cepacia. we describe the clinical course and investigate the causes of the septic shock. contamination of propofol, the intravenous anesthetic agent, was suspected. | 2000 | 11000665 |
| comparison between the antimicrobial susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole by standard disk diffusion method and by minimal inhibitory concentration determination. | melioidosis, an infection caused by burkholderia pseudomallei, usually occurs in immunocompromised patients and requires prolonged antibiotic therapy. previously, oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tm/sm), an inexpensive and effective drug has been used as a maintenance therapy. the susceptibility of b. pseudomallei to tm/sm by the standard disk diffusion method is very low. however, some patients who were treated with tm/sm as a maintenance therapy despite the in vitro resistance showed good c ... | 2000 | 10998837 |
| protection of tomato seed germination from the inhibitory effect of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid by inoculation of soil with burkholderia cepacia ac1100. | the effect of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4,5-t) on the germination and seedling vigor of different crop seeds was tested. seeds of rice, maize, sorghum, finger millet, and horse gram were comparatively more tolerant to the chemical with no marked effect up to a concentration of 200 mg 2,4,5-t l(-)(1) as tested by the filter paper method. tomato and brinjal (egg plant) were highly susceptible. even at 5 and 10 mg 2,4,5-t l(-)(1), marked reduction in the germination and seedling vigor o ... | 2000 | 10995357 |
| molecular detection of burkholderia cepacia in toiletry, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical raw materials and finished products. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was developed and compared with standard methods for rapid detection of burkholderia cepacia, a major industrial contaminant, in cosmetic and pharmaceutical raw materials and finished products. artificially contaminated samples were incubated for 24 h in trypticase soy broth containing 4% tween 20 and 0.5% soy lecithin. dna was extracted from each sample using a proteinase k-tris-edta-tween 20 treatment at 35 degrees c. the extracted dna was added to ready ... | 2000 | 10995122 |
| is1414, an escherichia coli insertion sequence with a heat-stable enterotoxin gene embedded in a transposase-like gene. | enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (east1) was originally discovered in eaec but has also been associated with enterotoxigenic e. coli (etec). multiple genomic restriction fragments from each of three etec strains of human origin showed homology with an east1 gene probe. a single hybridizing fragment was detected on the plasmid of etec strain 27d that also encodes heat-stable enterotoxin ib and colonization factor antigen i. we isolated and characterized this fra ... | 2000 | 10992475 |
| microbial dynamics in an extractive membrane bioreactor exposed to an alternating sequence of organic compounds. | wastewaters containing organic compounds have been treated using extractive membrane bioreactors (embs). during treatment, a biofilm normally develops on the surface of the membrane, on the biological side. this study investigates the dynamics of biofilm growth in an emb exposed to an alternating sequence of organic compounds. microbial dynamics of both suspended and attached cultures were investigated experimentally in a single-tube extractive membrane bioreactor (stemb), which comprised a cont ... | 2000 | 10992235 |
| rotation and restricted use of antibiotics in a medical intensive care unit. impact on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by antibiotic-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | to test the hypothesis that a new program of antibiotic strategy control can minimize the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) caused by potentially antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, we performed a prospective before-after study in 3, 455 patients admitted to a single intensive care unit over a 4-yr period. regarding the bacterial ecology and the increasing antimicrobial resistance in our medical intensive care unit (micu), we decided to vary our choice of empiric and therapeuti ... | 2000 | 10988092 |
| [the interaction between corn and burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia]. | burkholderia (pseudomonas) cepacia is a plant growth promoting rhizobacteria that could improve maize productivity. in this work we studied some properties of b. cepacia strain 0057 in relation to interaction with maize. spermosphere effect, chemostatic response, indolic compounds and siderophores production were evaluated. we observed inhibitory effect on bacterial growth by maize seeds and their soluble extracts. root exudates had positive chemiostatic effect. we founded indolic compounds prod ... | 1999 | 10979835 |
| melioidosis: acute and chronic disease, relapse and re-activation. | in melioidosis-endemic regions the importance of re-activation of burkholderia pseudomallei from latent foci remains unclear. this topic was assessed in a 10-year prospective study (1989-99) of melioidosis in the tropical north of the northern territory of australia, together with other aspects of the nature of melioidosis. incubation period from defined inoculating events was previously ascertained as 1-21 (mean 9) days. of 252 total cases 244 (97%) were considered to be from recent acquisition ... | 2000 | 10975006 |
| characterization and mutagenesis of fur gene from burkholderia pseudomallei. | a homolog of the ferric uptake regulator gene (fur) was isolated from burkholderia pseudomallei (bp) by a reverse genetic technique. sequencing of a 2.2kb dna fragment revealed an open reading frame with extensive homology to bacterial fur proteins. the cloned gene encodes a 16kda protein that cross-reacts with a polyclonal anti-escherichia coli fur serum. the transcription start site was determined by the primer extension technique. expression analysis of fur showed no increased fur mrna levels ... | 2000 | 10974543 |
| dna-based diagnostic approaches for identification of burkholderia cepacia complex, burkholderia vietnamiensis, burkholderia multivorans, burkholderia stabilis, and burkholderia cepacia genomovars i and iii. | bacteria of the burkholderia cepacia complex consist of five discrete genomic species, including genomovars i and iii and three new species: burkholderia multivorans (formerly genomovar ii), burkholderia stabilis (formerly genomovar iv), and burkholderia vietnamiensis (formerly genomovar v). strains of all five genomovars are capable of causing opportunistic human infection, and microbiological identification of these closely related species is difficult. the 16s rrna gene (16s rdna) and reca ge ... | 2000 | 10970351 |
| in-vitro susceptibility of burkholderia pseudomallei to cefoperazone-sulbactam combination. | melioidosis is endemic in malaysia. emerging resistance with new and current antimicrobial agents has underscored the need to look further for new antimicrobial agents for the treatment of melioidosis. hence, we evaluated the in-vitro susceptibility of fifty locally isolated strains of burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis to cefoperazone-sulbactam combination using the method of nccls. all the fifty strains tested were susceptible in-vitro to cefoperazone-sulbactam. the ... | 1997 | 10968074 |
| identification and characteristics of a novel burkholderia strain with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. | a burkholderia strain isolated from soil is capable of inhibiting the growth of bacteria, plant-pathogenic fungi, pathogenic yeasts, and protozoa. inhibition does not involve cell contact or the presence of living cells, suggesting that at least a substantial portion of the antimicrobial activity is due to the excretion of extracellular compounds. | 2000 | 10966443 |
| toluene-degrading bacteria are chemotactic towards the environmental pollutants benzene, toluene, and trichloroethylene. | the bioremediation of polluted groundwater and toxic waste sites requires that bacteria come into close physical contact with pollutants. this can be accomplished by chemotaxis. five motile strains of bacteria that use five different pathways to degrade toluene were tested for their ability to detect and swim towards this pollutant. three of the five strains (pseudomonas putida f1, ralstonia pickettii pko1, and burkholderia cepacia g4) were attracted to toluene. in each case, the response was de ... | 2000 | 10966434 |
| a broad-host-range plasmid for isolating mobile genetic elements in gram-negative bacteria. | plasmid pgbg1 was constructed to isolate mobile genetic elements in a wide variety of gram-negative bacteria. the mutation target, carried on a broad-host-range vector, allows positive selection for tetracycline resistance. in tests using several gram-negative bacteria we could detect transposition events of either insertion sequences or transposons. a new insertion sequence (is) element was identified in ralstonia eutropha. | 2000 | 10964631 |
| [bacterial infections and resistance to antibiotics in cystic fibrosis]. | knowledge of the microbiology of pulmonary infections is critical for treatment of cystic fibrosis because sickness and mortality in this disease are mainly due to relapse occurring in the respiratory tract. the microbiology of pulmonary infections presents several singular aspects. respiratory tract infections are caused by bacteria such as staphylococcus aureus in the early years of life and pseudomonas aeruginosa and burkholderia cepacia thereafter. the patients, who are not immune compromise ... | 1999 | 10963010 |
| enhancing the enantioselectivity of lipase in transesterification by substrate matching: an enzyme memory based approach. | the substrate matching strategy is described as a new approach for effectively enhancing the lipase enantioselectivity in organic solvent. in the lipase-catalyzed transesterifications of 3a-c, higher enantioselectivities have been achieved using 1a-c, respectively, as the structurally matched acyl donors. | 2000 | 10956545 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei induces cell fusion and actin-associated membrane protrusion: a possible mechanism for cell-to-cell spreading. | burkholderia pseudomallei, a facultative intracellular bacterium, is the causative agent of a broad spectrum of diseases collectively known as melioidosis. its ability to survive inside phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and to induce multinucleated giant cell (mngc) formation has been demonstrated. this study was designed to assess a possible mechanism(s) leading to this cellular change, using virulent and nonvirulent strains of b. pseudomallei to infect both phagocytic and nonphagocytic cell l ... | 2000 | 10948167 |
| recovery of burkholderia pseudomallei and b. cepacia from drinking water. | samples of drinking water were examined in order to evaluate the occurrence of two gram-negative bacteria: burkholderia pseudomallei and b. cepacia. a total of 85 samples were collected from public and private buildings in the province of bologna (italy). other bacteriological indicators (heterotrophic plate count at 22 and 36 degrees c) were also examined, together with physical and chemical parameters (temperature, ph, residual chlorine, total hardness and chemical oxygen demand (cod)). high l ... | 2000 | 10946840 |
| clinical features associated with a delayed diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. | the majority of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are diagnosed in the first decade of life. in a small number of patients, the diagnosis is not made until later. | 2000 | 10940794 |
| bacterial vaginosis a "broad overview". | bacterial vaginosis (bv) was first reported in 1995 by gardner and dukes, who described the unique clinical signs and symptoms and the distinctive nature of the vaginal discharge associated with it. they also described a "new" causative organism, which they named "haemophilus vaginalis", subsequently renamed gardnerella vaginalis. bv is currently the most prevalent cause of infectious vaginitis among women attending for genitourinary diseases. bv has a complex microbiology. lactobacillus populat ... | 1999 | 10932748 |
| clinical and environmental isolates of burkholderia cepacia exhibit differential cytotoxicity towards macrophages and mast cells. | burkholderia cepacia is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that causes fatal infections in patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (cf) and chronic granulomatous disease. various environmental isolates of b. cepacia are, however, capable of degrading environmental pollutants, such as trichloroethylene, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-t), etc., and are also highly effective in controlling plant diseases caused by nematodes and fungi. such strains have therefore been proposed for environm ... | 2000 | 10931297 |
| pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic evaluation of ceftazidime continuous infusion vs intermittent bolus injection in septicaemic melioidosis. | experimental studies have suggested that constant intravenous infusion would be preferable to conventional intermittent bolus administration of beta-lactam antibiotics for serious gram-negative infections. severe melioidosis (burkholderia pseudomallei infection) carries a mortality over 40% despite treatment with high dose ceftazidime. the aim of this study was to measure the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of continuous infusion of ceftazidime vs intermittent bolus dosing in septica ... | 2000 | 10930972 |
| genotypic and phenotypic relationship in burkholderia pseudomallei indicates colonization with closely related isolates. | seven isolates of burkholderia pseudomallei from cases of melioidosis in human (2 isolates) and animal (2 isolates), cat (one isolate) and from soil samples (2 isolates) were examined for in vitro sensitivity to 14 antimicrobial agents and for presence of plasmid dna. randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was used to type the isolates, using two arbitrary primers. all isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, carbenicillin, rifampicin, enrofloxacin, tetracycline and sul ... | 1999 | 10928372 |
| epidemiology of arabinose assimilation in burkholderia pseudomallei isolated from patients and soil in thailand. | burkholderia pseudomallei is an environmental saprophyte that has been isolated widely from soil in southeast asia and the relationship between environmental contamination and clinical melioidosis has been established. it has been shown that the arabinose assimilation property of b. pseudonrallei is probably one of the determinants indicating virulence of this organism. therefore, the distribution of arabinose assimilation biotypes of b. pseudomallei collected from four geographic regions of tha ... | 1999 | 10928371 |
| [the role of capsule formation in burkholderia mallei for its persistence in vivo]. | when studied in vivo (in guinea pigs) with the use of electron microscopy, b. mallei (strains c-5, 10230) were found to form a capsule. in the subacute course of infection, the encapsulated forms of b. mallei parasitized mainly in the cells of the system of mononuclear phagocytes in the liver, the spleen and the lungs. the capsule formed by b. mallei was shown to be one of the factors facilitating its persistence in the body. | 2000 | 10925882 |
| isolations of enteric pathogens from synanthropic flies trapped in downtown kuala lumpur. | four species of synanthropic flies were trapped in downtown kuala lumpur: chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya rufifacies, musca domestica, and musca sorbens. burkholderia pseudomallei, the organism causing melioidosis, was the dominant bacteria isolated from chrysomya megacephala. klebsiella oxytoca, commonly associated with nosocomial infections, was commonly isolated from chrysomya megacephala, musca domestica, and musca sorbens. aeromonas hydrophila, the bacteria causing gastroenteritis, was pre ... | 2000 | 10925800 |
| kinetics of biodegradation of p-nitrophenol by different bacteria. | three bacterial species, i.e., ralstonia sp. sj98, arthrobacter protophormiae rkj100, and burkholderia cepacia rkj200, have been examined for their efficiency and kinetics behavior toward pnp degradation. all the three bacteria utilized pnp as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen, and energy. the rates of radiolabeled [u-(14)c]pnp degradation by all the bacteria were higher in the nitrogen-free medium compared to the medium with nitrogen. the apparent k(m) values of pnp degradation by sj98, rkj10 ... | 2000 | 10924328 |
| laboratory-acquired human glanders--maryland, may 2000. | on may 5, 2000, the baltimore city health department was notified by hospital infection-control staff of a serious systemic febrile illness in a microbiologist whose research at the u.s. army medical research institute of infectious diseases (usamriid) involved several pathogenic bacteria, including burkholderia mallei, the causative agent of glanders. this report summarizes the first human case of glanders in the united states since 1945, and emphasizes the importance of considering occupationa ... | 2000 | 10923853 |