Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| response to wing-web challenge of rous sarcoma virus subgroups in some chicken breeds. | response to wing-web challenge (wwc) of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) subgroups was studied in 4-8 weeks old chicks of a light breed, a heavy breed and a cross between an indigenous black plumage bantam fowl and australorp breed. wing-web tumor (wwt) began to develop within one week in response to virus subgroups a (bs-rsv) and c [rsv (rav-49)] challenge. in chicks challenged with subgroup d [rsv (rav-50)] virus it took a minimum of 4 weeks for development of wwt. positive response to wwc by subgroup ... | 1999 | 10355369 |
| subgroup-a rous sarcoma virus-induced growth stimulation of chick embryos infected via the chorioallantoic membrane. | chicks that hatch from eggs containing group specific antigen (gs antigen) of lymphoid leukosis virus (llv) subgroups, grow poorly. in our laboratory for more precise identification of llv-of subgroup a (llv-a) resistant and susceptible genotypes by progeny testing, the chorioallantoic membrane (cam) assay in complemented by liver tumour (lt) assay, wherein rous sarcoma virus (rsv) of subgroup a (homologous to llv-a) was used. the present study was conducted in a light breed (white leghorn) and ... | 1999 | 10355368 |
| [round table: urticaria in relation to infections]. | 1) to study the clinical and analytic features of infectious disease associated to urticaria in children. 2) to look into the probable etiology of the infectious disease. 3) to determine atopic predisposition and previous urticarial episodes and to rule out the involvement of antibiotics. | 1999 | 10354011 |
| severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in alaska native children. rsv alaska study group. | hospitalization rates for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection range from 1 to 20/1000 infants. to determine the rate and severity of rsv infections requiring hospitalization for infants in the yukon-kuskokwim (yk) delta of alaska, a 3-year prospective surveillance study was conducted. the annual rate of rsv hospitalization for yk delta infants <1 year of age was 53-249/1000. rsv infection was the most frequent cause of infant hospitalization. rsv disease severity did not differ among non ... | 1999 | 10353859 |
| a direct comparison of the activities of two humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibodies: medi-493 and rshzl9. | two humanized monoclonal antibodies, medi-493 and rshz19, were developed independently as potential improvements over rsv-igiv for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. rsv-igiv is a polyclonal human antibody preparation for intravenous infusion enriched for rsv neutralizing activity. a phase iii clinical trial showed that medi-493 significantly reduced hospitalizations due to rsv infection. in a separate trial, rshz19 failed to show significant efficacy. in new studies, the ... | 1999 | 10353858 |
| analysis of ruminant respiratory syncytial virus isolates by rnase protection of the g glycoprotein transcripts. | two different respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) radiolabeled probes were used to characterize the genetic heterogeneity of 25 ruminant rsv isolates by the ribonuclease protection assay. a 32p-radiolabeled antisense rna probe was transcribed from cloned ovine and bovine rsv g glycoprotein genes and then hybridized with total rna isolated from infected cells with various ruminant rsv isolates. the results of this study, along with previously published nucleotide sequence data of the ovine rsv g gl ... | 1999 | 10353351 |
| respiratory syncytical virus-induced chemokine expression in the lower airways: eosinophil recruitment and degranulation. | characterization of chemokine expression patterns in virus-infected epithelial cells provides important clues to the pathophysiology of such infections. the aim of this study was to determine the chemokine response pattern of respiratory epithelium when infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). macrophage inflammatory protein-1-alpha (mip-1-alpha), interleukin-8 (il-8), and rantes concentrations were measured from rsv-infected hep-2, mrc-5, and wi-38 cell culture supernatants daily follow ... | 1999 | 10351940 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infects the bonnet monkey, macaca radiata. | the bonnet monkey model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection may be a useful nonhuman primate model for studying rsv disease in humans because bonnet monkeys can predictably be infected to obtain an orderly sequence of morphologic, cytologic, virologic, serologic, and inflammatory changes related to time of infection. young feral bonnet monkeys, macaca radiata, were infected endotracheally with 10(6) plaque-forming units (pfu) of the long strain of rsv. rsv was recovered from the anima ... | 1999 | 10347274 |
| adenovirus-mediated transgene expression in nonhuman primate brain. | transgene expression in the brain of st. kitts green monkey, cercopithecus aethiops sabeus, was studied following injection of a serotype 5 adenoviral vector deleted in e1 and e3. the vector harbored the transgene for escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) with the simian virus 40 (sv40) nuclear localization signal under control of the rous sarcoma viral (rsv) long terminal repeat. several titers ranging from 5 x 10(7) to 2 x 10(9) plaque-forming units (pfu) in volumes ranging from 5 to ... | 1999 | 10340549 |
| a novel and effective intranasal immunization strategy for respiratory syncytial virus. | in designing subunit vaccination strategies for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), immunization by mucosal routes may present a realistic alternative to parenteral administration for inducing protective immune responses. to this end, we have utilized the balb/c mouse model and an adjuvant formulation containing caprylic/capric glycerides (ccg) and polyoxyethylene-20-sorbitan monolaurate (ps). the intranasal (i.n.) delivery of purified natural f protein (3 microg per vaccine) formulated with ccg- ... | 1999 | 10333241 |
| clinical impact of preoperative respiratory syncytial virus testing. | the purpose of this study was to determine if preoperative assessment (i.e., physical examination and history review) of pediatric patients can predict positive test results for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, surgery cancellations, and adverse anesthetic outcomes. approximately 400 pediatric patients were identified for the study from infection control statistics and classified by rsv test result and surgery cancellation status into three groups for analyses. researchers analyzed r ... | 1999 | 10332554 |
| absence of lung immunopathology following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) challenge in mice immunized with a recombinant rsv g protein fragment. | the relative immunopathogenic potential of a recombinant fusion protein incorporating residues 130-230 of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv-a) g protein (bbg2na), formalin-inactivated rsv-a (fi-rsv), and phosphate-buffered saline (pbs) was investigated in mice after immunization and rsv challenge. fi-rsv priming resulted in massive infiltration of b cells and activated cd4(+) and cd8(+) t lymphocytes in mediastinal lymph nodes (mln) and lungs, where eosinophilia and elevated ifn-gamma, il-2, -4, ... | 1999 | 10329575 |
| -prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection-. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is responsible for annual outbreaks of severe respiratory disease among infants. its prevention has been considered for many years but the first vaccination trials resulted in diseases of increased severity. new vaccines are in progress with promising results, although their efficacy in the presence of maternal antibodies, and their tolerance in very young babies, remain to be demonstrated. concerning passive immunization, intravenous anti-rsv immunoglobulins ha ... | 1998 | 10328005 |
| effects of humanization by variable domain resurfacing on the antiviral activity of a single-chain antibody against respiratory syncytial virus. | hnk20 is a mouse monoclonal iga that binds to the f glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and neutralizes the virus, both in vitro and in vivo. the single-chain antibody fragment (scfv) derived from hnk20 is equally active and has allowed us to assess rapidly the effect of mutations on affinity and antiviral activity. humanization by variable domain resurfacing requires that surface residues not normally found in a human fv be mutated to the expected human amino acid, thereby elimina ... | 1999 | 10325407 |
| evaluation of a nested reverse transcription-pcr assay based on the nucleoprotein gene for diagnosis of spontaneous and experimental bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections. | the first nested reverse transcription (rt)-pcr based on the nucleoprotein gene (n rt-pcr-n) of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) has been developed and optimized for the detection of brsv in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells of calves. this test is characterized by a low threshold of detection (0.17 pfu/ml), which is 506 times lower than that obtained by an enzyme immunosorbent assay (eia) test (rsv testpack abbott). during an experimental infection of 17 immunocompetent calves les ... | 1999 | 10325337 |
| impact of respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin in 1996-1997: a local controlled comparison. | immune globulin containing high titers of neutralizing antibodies specific for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is clinically used to prevent hospitalizations for rsv-related respiratory infections among high-risk infants. however, recommendations regarding which patient populations should receive rsv immune globulin are inconsistent. | 1999 | 10323631 |
| 2-5a-dna conjugate inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication: effects of oligonucleotide structure modifications and rna target site selection. | to define more fully the conditions for 2-5a-antisense inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), relationships between 2-5a antisense oligonucleotide structure and the choice of rna target sites to inhibition of rsv replication have been explored. the lead 2-5a-antisense chimera for this study was the previously reported nih8281 that targets the rsv m2 rna. we have confirmed and extended the earlier study by showing that nih8281 inhibited rsv strain a2 replication in a variety of antivira ... | 1999 | 10320045 |
| virus-inducible expression of a host chemokine gene relies on replication-linked mrna stabilization. | analysis of the host response to viral infection generally has focused on the capacity of viruses to activate or repress transcription of cellular genes, and this approach is also characteristic of work on rna viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). in the present study, it appeared initially that rsv-driven expression of a critical immune regulator, the beta-chemokine rantes (regulated upon activation, normal t cell expressed and secreted), in primary-culture airway epithelial cells ... | 1999 | 10318944 |
| a single amino acid substitution in the phosphoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus confers thermosensitivity in a reconstituted rna polymerase system. | the single amino acid change gly172 to ser in the phosphoprotein (p) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has previously been shown to be responsible for the thermosensitivity and protein-negative phenotype of tsn19, a mutant of the b subgroup rsn-2 strain. this single change was inserted into the p gene of the a subgroup virus rss-2, and the resulting phenotype was observed in a plasmid-driven reconstituted rsv rna polymerase system. expression from a genome analogue containing two reporter gen ... | 1999 | 10233981 |
| an in vitro selected binding protein (affibody) shows conformation-dependent recognition of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g protein. | using phage-display technology, a novel binding protein (z-affibody) showing selective binding to the rsv (long strain) g protein was selected from a combinatorial library of a small alpha-helical protein domain (z), derived from staphylococcal protein a (spa). biopanning of the z-library against a recombinant fusion protein comprising amino acids 130-230 of the g protein from rsv-subgroup a, resulted in the selection of a z-affibody (z(rsv1)) which showed g protein specific binding. using biose ... | 1999 | 10231093 |
| protective efficacy against respiratory syncytial virus following murine neonatal immunization with bbg2na vaccine: influence of adjuvants and maternal antibodies. | alum-adsorbed bbg2na, a recombinant vaccine derived in part from the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) subgroup a g protein, induced moderate antibody titers after 1 immunization in 1-week-old mice but conferred complete lung protection upon rsv challenge. the anti-bbg2na igg1-igg2a neonatal isotype profile was suggestive of dominant th2 responses compared with those in adults. formulation of bbg2na with a th1-driving adjuvant efficiently shifted neonatal responses toward a more balanced and adu ... | 1999 | 10228051 |
| safety and pharmacokinetics of an intramuscular monoclonal antibody (sb 209763) against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in infants and young children at risk for severe rsv disease. | we conducted a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of a humanized monoclonal antibody against a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein (sb 209763) to evaluate its safety, pharmacokinetics, and fusion inhibition and neutralization titers. forty-three infants who were either delivered prematurely (</=35 weeks' gestation) or exhibited bronchopulmonary dysplasia were administered either single or repeat (two doses, 8 weeks apart) intramuscular injections of sb 2 ... | 1999 | 10223933 |
| [is the use of ribavirin aerosols in respiratory syncytial virus infections justified? clinical and economic evaluation]. | the controversy about the use of ribavirin aerosol for children at risk (cardiopathy, pneumopathy, premature and immunodeficient patients), in case of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, led us to stop its prescription in 1993 and study prospectively the patients admitted during the following winters. | 1998 | 10223131 |
| [the efficacy of oral vitamin a supplementation for measles and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection]. | recently, the efficacy of oral vitamin a supplementation for measles and respiratory syncytial (rsv) infection has been evaluated in developing countries. however, in developed countries where vitamin a deficiency is little worth consideration, few studies have been conducted on the effect of vitamin a supplementation. the effect of oral vitamin a (100,000 iu) supplementation was evaluated in 105 children with measles (age 5 months to 4 years) and in 96 children with rsv infection (ages a month ... | 1999 | 10213986 |
| comparison of long-term survival of cytomegalovirus promotre versus rous sarcoma virus promoter-driven thymidine kinase gene therapy in nude mice bearing human ovarian cancer. | the cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter is considered one of the strongest positive regulators leading to expression of higher levels of the thymidine kinase (tk) enzyme than the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) promoter in vitro and in vivo. cell killing efficacy of adenovirus-mediated cmv promoter-driven herpes simplex virus (hsv) tk gene therapy has been found to be 2 to 10 times more effective than rsv driven hsv-tk gene therapy in vitro. in this study the impact of cmv- versus rsv-driven hsv-tk gene the ... | 1999 | 10211795 |
| tracheal aspirate as a substrate for polymerase chain reaction detection of viral genome in childhood pneumonia and myocarditis. | infectious respiratory disorders are important causes of childhood morbidity and mortality. viral causes are common and may lead to rapid deterioration, requiring mechanical ventilation; myocardial dysfunction may accompany respiratory decompensation. the etiologic viral diagnosis may be difficult with classic methods. the purpose of this study was to evaluate polymerase chain reaction (pcr) as a diagnostic method for identification of causative agents. | 1999 | 10209006 |
| induction of cd95 (fas) and apoptosis in respiratory epithelial cell cultures following respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is associated with epithelial cell death and vigorous inflammation. in mouse models, and in immunosuppressed patients, cd8(+) t cells are necessary for rsv clearance. in vitro, rsv has been shown to induce expression of several proteins on the respiratory epithelial cell, including rsv proteins, icam-1, and mhc class i, that can potentially interact with cd8(+) t cells in initiating apoptosis of the target cell. one mechanism of t-cell-directed cell de ... | 1999 | 10208933 |
| cooperation between phosphorylation and acetylation processes in transcriptional control. | we previously reported that the activation of the m promoter of the human choline acetyltransferase (chat) gene by butyrate and trapoxin in transfected chp126 cells is blocked by pd98059, a specific mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (mek) inhibitor (e. espinos and m. j. weber, mol. brain res. 56:118-124, 1998). we now report that the transcriptional effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors are mediated by an h7-sensitive serine/threonine protein kinase. activation of the chat promoter by ... | 1999 | 10207071 |
| cloning and expression of bovine herpesvirus-1 glycoprotein c. | glycoprotein c (gc) of bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) is expressed at high levels on surface of infected cells and on virus envelope. it is relatively immunodominant in antibody response to bhv-1 infection and protective in immunized bovines against bhv-1 challenge. in an attempt to express gc in mammalian cells, the 2.4 kb bamhi-ecori fragment, containing complete coding sequence of the gc gene was excised from a recombinant plasmid and cloned under the control of rsv-ltr. the resultant plasmid p ... | 1999 | 10205673 |
| cd8 t cells are essential in the development of respiratory syncytial virus-induced lung eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness. | viral respiratory infections can cause bronchial hyperresponsiveness and exacerbate asthma. in mice, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection results in airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) and eosinophil influx into the airways. the immune cell requirements for these responses to rsv infection are not well defined. to delineate the role of cd8 t cells in the development of rsv-induced ahr and lung eosinophilia, we tested the ability of mice depleted of cd8 t cells to develop these symptoms of rs ... | 1999 | 10201948 |
| sequential mri, spect and pet in respiratory syncytial virus encephalitis. | we report on a 3-year-old girl with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) encephalitis manifested by disturbance of consciousness, conjugate eye deviation, anuria, truncal ataxia and intention tremor. t2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (mri) showed hyperintense areas in the cerebellar cortex. no lesion was detected in the cerebral cortex, pons or spinal cord. the hyperintense areas in the cerebellar cortex diminished with recovery from the clinical manifestations and had resolved 2 months after ... | 1999 | 10199908 |
| reducing the rate of nosocomially transmitted respiratory syncytial virus. | a large number (17) of nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus cases led to the development of control measures to prevent transmission of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) within the johns hopkins hospital's children's center. | 1999 | 10196485 |
| incomplete regulation of nf-kappab by ikappabalpha during respiratory syncytial virus infection in a549 cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection of airway epithelial cells results in persistent nf-kappab activation and nf-kappab-mediated interleukin-8 production. previous studies in airway epithelial cells demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha)-induced nf-kappab activation is transient due to regulation by ikappabalpha. however, during rsv infection, ikappabalpha has only a partial inhibitory effect on nf-kappab activation. studies presented here demonstrate that neither incr ... | 1999 | 10196356 |
| experimental gene therapy against subcutaneously implanted glioma with a herpes simplex virus-defective vector expressing interferon-gamma. | we investigated the feasibility of local treatment or tumor vaccination with a herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1-defective vector. the vector was engineered to express murine interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) for experimental gene therapy against mouse glioma rous sarcoma virus (rsv). the murine ifn-gamma gene was driven by the cytomegalovirus promoter. the helper virus (tsk) was thermosensitive; consequently, this vector could only proliferate at 31 degrees c. a high level of murine ifn-gamma expres ... | 1999 | 10195881 |
| the two amino acid substitutions in the l protein of cpts530/1009, a live-attenuated respiratory syncytial virus candidate vaccine, are independent temperature-sensitive and attenuation mutations. | cpts530/1009 is a live-attenuated, temperature-sensitive (ts) rsv vaccine candidate that was shown previously to be attenuated for seronegative humans. it was generated by two rounds of chemical mutagenesis: first, a partially attenuated, cold-passaged (cp), non-ts rsv mutant (cprsv) was mutagenized to yield the ts derivative cpts530, and then cpts530 was mutagenized to yield cpts530/1009, which is more ts. previous nucleotide (nt) sequence analysis of cpts530 showed that it has a single nt chan ... | 1999 | 10195777 |
| interferon gamma production during bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infection is diminished in calves vaccinated with formalin-inactivated brsv. | formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) vaccination has been associated with severe disease in humans. research in mice suggests that fi-rsv may prime for decreased interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) production at subsequent infection. interferon-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) was measured following challenge of calves vaccinated with fi-brsv to determine whether a similar mechanism is operative in a host naturally susceptible to rsv. eight-week old mal ... | 1999 | 10195762 |
| risk factors for severe respiratory syncytial virus infection leading to hospital admission in children in the western region of the gambia. | acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) are the major cause of mortality and morbidity in young children worldwide. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the most important viral cause of severe alri but only a small proportion of children infected with this virus develop severe disease. to identify possible risk factors for severe rsv infection leading to hospital admission we have carried out a case-control study of gambian children with rsv infection admitted to hospital. | 1999 | 10195682 |
| surfactant protein-a enhances respiratory syncytial virus clearance in vivo. | to determine the role of surfactant protein-a(sp-a) in antiviral host defense, mice lacking sp-a (sp-a-/-) were produced by targeted gene inactivation. sp-a-/- and control mice (sp-a+/+) were infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) by intratracheal instillation. pulmonary infiltration after infection was more severe in sp-a-/- than in sp-a+/+ mice and was associated with increased rsv plaque-forming units in lung homogenates. pulmonary infiltration with polymorphonuclear leukocytes was g ... | 1999 | 10194474 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection: immune response, immunopathogenesis, and treatment. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of lower respiratory tract infection during infancy and early childhood. once rsv infection is established, the host immune response includes the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies and t-cell-specific immunity. the humoral immune response normally results in the development of anti-rsv neutralizing-antibody titers, but these are often suboptimal during an infant's initial infection. even when the production of rsv neut ... | 1999 | 10194461 |
| severity of illness models for respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalization. | the objective of this investigation was to examine the feasibility of multivariate severity of illness models for pediatric patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. from a preexisting retrospective cohort study database, all infants and children 2 yr of age or younger with community-acquired rsv infection admitted to the university of michigan's c. s. mott children's hospital during nine epidemics were examined. the study group consisted of 802 hospitalized patient ... | 1999 | 10194171 |
| surfactant protein levels in severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of respiratory disease in infancy. surfactant phospholipids have been shown to be reduced in severe rsv infection. reduction in surfactant proteins might also contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. we investigated daily levels of surfactant proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid from 18 ventilated infants with rsv infection (median age 3.1 mo) and in a control group of 16 ventilated surgical patients (median age ... | 1999 | 10194154 |
| a simple and reproducible method for collecting nasal secretions in frail elderly adults, for measurement of virus-specific iga. | the standard method for collection of respiratory secretions, by use of a nasal wash (nw) to measure virus-specific iga, is problematic in frail elderly adults. therefore, a simplified collection approach using a nasal swab (ns) is described. nw and ns samples were collected from healthy young and frail elderly adults, and iga titers to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion and attachment glycoproteins were determined by enzyme immunoassay. correlation between iga titers in nw and ns was exce ... | 1999 | 10191235 |
| physical properties of aerosolized immunoglobulin for inhalation therapy. | animal studies suggest that passive immunization by intratracheal application of gammaglobulins may succeed in treating small children and infants with severe lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). since proteins foam easily when stirred up or used with compressed air, the feasibility of nebulization of the immunoglobulin solution (ivig, sandoglobulin) had to be tested. the therapeutic effect of a drug delivered via inhalation is proportional to the mass o ... | 1995 | 10155651 |
| guideline for prevention of nosocomial pneumonia. centers for disease control and prevention. | pneumonia is the second most common nosocomial infection in the united states and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. most patients with nosocomial pneumonia are those with extremes of age, severe underlying disease, immunosuppression, depressed sensorium, and cardiopulmonary disease, and those who have had thoracoabdominal surgery. although patients with mechanically assisted ventilation do not comprise a major proportion of patients with nosocomial pneumonia, they have the ... | 1994 | 10146141 |
| what every laboratorian should know about rsv (respiratory syncytial virus). | 1991 | 10108905 | |
| efficacy of rd3-0028 aerosol treatment against respiratory syncytial virus infection in immunosuppressed mice. | rd3-0028, a benzodithiin compound, has antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in cell culture. we used a mouse model of rsv infection to determine the in vivo effect of rd3-0028. cyclophosphamide (cyp)-treated, immunosuppressed mice were inoculated intranasally. the lungs of the mice were removed on day 4. the virus titers of the lungs of rd3-0028-treated mice were compared to the virus titers of the lungs of virus-inoculated, untreated control mice. in an effort to increas ... | 1999 | 10103176 |
| molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus in the gambia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in the gambia occurs seasonally in association with the rainy season. this study examined the genetic variability of rsv isolates from four consecutive epidemics from 1993-6. each epidemic was made up of a number of variants which were replaced in subsequent epidemics. analysis of attachment (g) protein gene sequences showed that isolates were closely related to those observed in the rest of the world. however, many isolates from 1993 and 1994 were unl ... | 1999 | 10098799 |
| rsv-associated hospitalizations in alaska native infants. | retrospective reviews for 1986-1992 suggested that alaska native children experience high rates of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated hospitalization; however, the epidemiology of rsv infections has been poorly characterized. | 1998 | 10093285 |
| protective effects of type i and type ii interferons toward rous sarcoma virus-induced tumors in chickens. | growth of tumors induced by rous sarcoma virus (rsv) is controlled by alleles at the major histocompatibility complex locus in chickens, indicating that immunological host defense mechanisms play a major role. we show here that the resistance phenotype of cb regressor chickens can be partially reverted by treating the animals with a monoclonal antibody that neutralizes the major serotype of chicken type i interferon, chifn-alpha. injection of recombinant chifn-alpha into susceptible cc progresso ... | 1999 | 10087229 |
| stimulus-specific regulation of chemokine expression involves differential activation of the redox-responsive transcription factors ap-1 and nf-kappab. | the promoters of the il-8, mcp-1, and rantes genes contain binding sites for the redox-responsive transcription factors ap-1 and nf-kappab, which have been shown to be important for their expression. in this overview, we present evidence from our laboratories that the stimulus-specific regulation of these chemokines by the reactive oxidant h2o2, the proinflammatory cytokine tnf-alpha, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is mediated in a cell type-specific manner involving different patterns of ... | 1999 | 10080530 |
| overexpression of a human potassium channel suppresses cardiac hyperexcitability in rabbit ventricular myocytes. | the high incidence of sudden death in heart failure may reflect abnormalities of repolarization and heightened susceptibility to arrhythmogenic early afterdepolarizations (eads). we hypothesized that overexpression of the human k+ channel herg (human ether-a-go-go-related gene) could enhance repolarization and suppress eads. adult rabbit ventricular myocytes were maintained in primary culture, which suffices to prolong action potentials and predisposes to eads. to achieve efficient gene transfer ... | 1999 | 10079110 |
| infection with respiratory syncytial virus enhances expression of native receptors for non-pilate neisseria meningitidis on hep-2 cells. | respiratory virus infections have been suggested to be predisposing factors for meningococcal disease. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) affects young children in the age range at greatest risk of disease caused by neisseria meningitidis. it has been previously shown that glycoprotein g expressed on the surface of rsv-infected hep-2 cells (a human epithelial cell line) contributed to higher levels of binding of meningococci compared with uninfected cells. the aim of the present study was to exam ... | 1999 | 10076908 |
| respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein expressed using the semliki forest virus replicon is biologically active. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) g glycoprotein mediates attachment of rsv to cells via an unknown receptor. to study g glycoprotein function we have cloned two variants of the rsv g gene into a semliki forest virus (sfv) expression vector, a full length (rg) and soluble (srg) g glycoprotein variant. by immunofluorescence microscopy, rg was found to be predominantly membrane associated, while srg was mostly cytoplasmic. the rg (80-85 kda) and srg (75-80 kda) constructs produced heavily glyc ... | 1999 | 10076512 |
| antiviral activity in argentine medicinal plants. | in an ethnopharmacological screening of selected medicinal plants used in argentina for the treatment of infectious diseases, aqueous extracts of five species were assayed in vitro to detect antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and adenovirus serotype 7 (adv-7). polygonum punctatum, lithraea molleoides, sebastiania brasiliensis and sebastiania klotzschiana but not myrcianthes cisplatensis showed in vitro antiherpetic activity with 50% ... | 1999 | 10075125 |
| recombinant respiratory syncytial virus bearing a deletion of either the ns2 or sh gene is attenuated in chimpanzees. | the ns2 and sh genes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been separately deleted from a recombinant wild-type rsv strain, a2 (m. n. teng and p. l. collins, j. virol. 73:466-473, 1998; a. bukreyev et al., j. virol. 71:8973-8982, 1997; and this study). the resulting viruses, designated ra2deltans2 and ra2deltash, were administered to chimpanzees to evaluate their levels of attenuation and immunogenicity. recombinant virus ra2deltans2 replicated to moderate levels in the upper respiratory tra ... | 1999 | 10074199 |
| late domain function identified in the vesicular stomatitis virus m protein by use of rhabdovirus-retrovirus chimeras. | little is known about the mechanisms used by enveloped viruses to separate themselves from the cell surface at the final step of budding. however, small sequences in the gag proteins of several retroviruses (l domains) have been implicated in this process. a sequence has been identified in the m proteins of rhabdoviruses that closely resembles the ppppy motif in the l domain of rous sarcoma virus (rsv), an avian retrovirus. to evaluate whether the pppy sequence in vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv ... | 1999 | 10074190 |
| human antibody responses to mature and immature forms of viral envelope in respiratory syncytial virus infection: significance for subunit vaccines. | a number of antibodies generated during human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection have been cloned by the phage library approach. antibodies reactive with an immunodominant epitope on the f glycoprotein of this virus have a high affinity for affinity-purified f antigen. these antibodies, however, have a much lower affinity for mature f glycoprotein on the surface of infected cells and are nonneutralizing. in contrast, a potent neutralizing antibody has a high affinity for mature f protei ... | 1999 | 10074145 |
| the serum albumin-binding region of streptococcal protein g (bb) potentiates the immunogenicity of the g130-230 rsv-a protein. | bbg2na is a protein comprising residues 130-230 of the respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a (rsv-a) g protein (g2na) fused to the albumin-binding domain of streptococcal g protein (bb). bbg2na was cloned, expressed in escherichia coli and renaturated. in rodent models, this subunit rsv vaccine adjuvanted in alhydrogel induced specific antibodies and conferred protection to rsv infection. comparison of the antibody production in a balb/c mouse model revealed that bbg2na induced a stronger and e ... | 1999 | 10073717 |
| il-5 and eosinophils are essential for the development of airway hyperresponsiveness following acute respiratory syncytial virus infection. | viral respiratory infections can cause bronchial hyperresponsiveness and exacerbate asthma. in mice, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, which induces an immune response dominated by ifn-gamma, results in airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) and eosinophil influx into the airways, both of which are prevented by pretreatment with anti-il-5 ab. to delineate the role of il-5, il-4, and ifn-gamma in the development of rsv-induced ahr and lung eosinophilia, we tested the ability of mice deficien ... | 1999 | 10072551 |
| two neutralizing human anti-rsv antibodies: cloning, expression, and characterization. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a major problem in the newborn and aging populations. fully human monoclonal antibodies with the ability to neutralize rsv could have a major impact on the immunotherapy of the disease. the generation of human antibodies has been difficult because there exists no general way to activate b cells against an antigen of choice in vitro. | 1999 | 10072446 |
| complete protection of mice from respiratory syncytial virus infection following mucosal delivery of synthetic peptide vaccines. | we have previously shown that intraperitoneal immunization of balb/c mice with the 14 amino-acid long synthetic peptides g/174-187 and bg/174-187, representing the region 174-187 of the g-glycoprotein from human (h) and bovine (b) respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), respectively, completely protects animals from infection with the corresponding virus. a current goal in vaccine development being the delivery of noninvasive protective antigens via mucosal surfaces, we have evaluated the immunogenic ... | 1999 | 10067688 |
| variables affecting the transduction efficiency of adenovirus vectors in bovine aortic endothelial cells. | features and kinetics of adenovirus (ad)-mediated gene transfer to endothelial cells (ec) are not ultimately determined. we tested variables pertinent to the efficiency of ad-mediated gene transfer to bovine aortic endothelial cells (baec) including: (1) ad-vectors with different promoters, (2) kinetics of transduction efficiency of lacz gene to baec, (3) the concentration and volume of vector-containing medium, (4) the period of incubation time of ad vectors with baec, (5) the duration of trans ... | 1999 | 10065897 |
| interferon gamma expressed by a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus attenuates virus replication in mice without compromising immunogenicity. | interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) has pleiotropic biological effects, including intrinsic antiviral activity as well as stimulation and regulation of immune responses. an infectious recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus (rrsv/mifn-gamma) was constructed that encodes murine (m) ifn-gamma as a separate gene inserted into the g-f intergenic region. cultured cells infected with rrsv/mifn-gamma secreted 22 microg mifn-gamma per 10(6) cells. the replication of rrsv/mifn-gamma, but not that of a con ... | 1999 | 10051648 |
| rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in wheezing children requiring emergency care. ige and eosinophil analyses. | this cross-sectional emergency department study of 70 wheezing children and 59 control subjects (2 mo to 16 yr of age) examined the prevalence of respiratory viruses and their relationship to age, atopic status, and eosinophil markers. nasal washes were cultured for respiratory viruses, assayed for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen, and tested for coronavirus and rhinovirus rna using reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr). also evaluated were eosinophil numbers and eosinophil cationic protei ... | 1999 | 10051251 |
| effect of inhaled nitric oxide on respiratory mechanics in ventilated infants with rsv bronchiolitis. | to evaluate the bronchodilator effect of inhaled nitric oxide (no) in infants with respiratory failure caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and to compare the effect with the one obtained by salbutamol. | 1999 | 10051083 |
| inhibition of the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat-driven transcription by in vitro methylation: different sensitivity in permissive chicken cells versus mammalian cells. | rous sarcoma virus (rsv) enhancer sequences in the long terminal repeat (ltr) have previously been shown to be sensitive to cpg methylation. we report further that the high density methylation of the rsv ltr-driven chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter is needed for full transcriptional inhibition in chicken embryo fibroblasts and for suppression of tumorigenicity of the rsv proviral dna in chickens. in nonpermissive mammalian cells, however, the low density methylation is sufficient for fu ... | 1999 | 10049832 |
| elevated cytokine concentrations in the nasopharyngeal and tracheal secretions of children with respiratory syncytial virus disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants. the role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis of rsv disease is not well-understood. the present study was designed (1) to determine whether rantes (regulated on activation, normal t cell expressed and presumably secreted), macrophage-inflammatory protein-1-alpha (mip-1-alpha), interleukin (il)-6, il-8 and il-10 can be detected in respiratory secretions of children with rsv infectio ... | 1999 | 10048682 |
| evaluation of an e1e4-deleted adenovirus expressing the herpes simplex thymidine kinase suicide gene in cancer gene therapy. | studies with first-generation adenoviral vectors have uncovered limitations that include finite transgene persistence, potential hepatotoxicity, and contamination with replication-competent adenovirus (rca). to address these limitations within the context of cancer suicide gene therapy, a new adenoviral vector was developed containing the herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (hsv tk) gene inserted in the e1 region of a recombinant vector containing deletions in the e1 and e4 regions of t ... | 1999 | 10048398 |
| a review of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and children. | by the age of 2, nearly every child becomes infected with the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections (rtis) in infants and children. yearly epidemics occur from october to may. most infections are mild, producing nothing more than a cold, and can be managed at home. some cases, however, are more severe, leading to bronchiolitis, pneumonitis, pneumonia, and even death. | 1998 | 10030209 |
| activating src mutation in a subset of advanced human colon cancers. | the discovery of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) led to the identification of cellular src (c-src), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, which has since been implicated in the development of numerous human cancers. c-src has been found to be highly activated in colon cancers, particularly in those metastatic to the liver. studies of the mechanism of c-src regulation have suggested that c-src kinase activity is downregulated by phosphorylation of a critical carboxy-terminal tyrosine (tyr 530 in human c-src, ... | 1999 | 9988270 |
| immunological properties of plaque purified strains of live attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) for human vaccine. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe lower respiratory tract disease in infants, young children, and the elderly. efforts to develop satisfactory live or inactivated vaccines have not yet been proven successful. our research focuses on the development of four purified live attenuated rsv sub-type a human vaccine clones. temperature sensitive (ts) and attenuated purified clones of either cold-adapted (ca) rsv or high-passage (hp) rsv were administered intra-nasally (i.n.) to balb/c mic ... | 1999 | 9987152 |
| conditions for copackaging rous sarcoma virus and murine leukemia virus gag proteins during retroviral budding. | rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and murine leukemia virus (mlv) are examples of distantly related retroviruses that normally do not encounter one another in nature. their gag proteins direct particle assembly at the plasma membrane but possess very little sequence similarity. as expected, coexpression of these two gag proteins did not result in particles that contain both. however, when the n-terminal membrane-binding domain of each molecule was replaced with that of the src oncoprotein, which is also ... | 1999 | 9971785 |
| use of permissive hypercapnia in the ventilation of infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | we wished to retrospectively evaluate the effects of permissive hypercapnia (phy) on barotrauma, mortality and length of stay when applied to ventilated infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. nineteen control infants with rsv induced respiratory failure were treated with conventional ventilation (april 1991-january 1994), after which time phy was adopted as unit policy. a further 28 infants were then treated with phy (january 1994 april 1996). demographic and physiological ... | 1999 | 9950307 |
| atrial natriuretic peptide gene delivery reduces stroke-induced mortality rate in dahl salt-sensitive rats. | atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) is a powerful hormone with hypotensive, natriuretic, diuretic, and many other beneficial effects. direct infusion of anp in therapeutics has limited success because of its short half-life in the circulation. our previous studies have shown that anp gene delivery attenuates hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and renal injury in dahl salt-sensitive (dahl-ss) rats. to investigate the potential therapeutic value of anp gene delivery on salt-induced stroke and cerebro ... | 1999 | 9931108 |
| recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) glycoproteins: rsv fusion protein can mediate infection and cell fusion. | the genes encoding the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) attachment (g) and fusion (f) envelope glycoproteins were expressed separately as additional genes in recombinant vesicular stomatitis viruses (vsv). cells infected with the vsv-rsv f recombinant formed large syncytia illustrating the fusion activity of f in absence of other rsv proteins. both f and g glycoproteins were expressed at the cell surface and incorporated into virions. incorporation of these proteins did not require cytoplasmic ... | 1999 | 9927576 |
| inactivation of respiratory syncytial virus by generic hand dishwashing detergents and antibacterial hand soaps. | in an in-vitro test, generic liquid hand dishwashing detergents were as much as 100-fold more effective than proprietary antibacterial soaps in inactivating respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the use of such detergents for hand washing during annual rsv epidemics, or the incorporation of their antiviral components into antibacterial soaps might be considered to limit nosocomial spread. | 1999 | 9927268 |
| respiratory viruses in children attending a major referral centre in saudi arabia. | viral respiratory infections are common causes of illness in infants and children. examination of clinical specimens submitted for diagnosis during a 3-year period (august 1993-july 1996) at king faisal specialist hospital and research center (kfsh & rc) in riyadh revealed a wide spectrum of diseases associated with the isolation of five respiratory viruses. severity of disease ranged from mild upper respiratory illness to threatening lower respiratory illnesses including bronchiolitis and pneum ... | 1998 | 9924568 |
| distribution, persistency, toxicity, and lack of replication of an e1a-deficient adenoviral vector after intracardiac delivery in the cotton rat. | adenoviral vectors were inoculated via intracardiac injection into 5- to 1o-week-old cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) to evaluate the effects of systemic delivery. cotton rats were chosen as a model because they are semipermissive to the replication of human adenoviruses. the vector used was adv.rsv-tk, a replication-deficient adenovirus with a herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene inserted in the e1 region. vector doses were 3 x 10(8), 3 x 10(9), and 3 x 10(10) viral particles per animal wi ... | 1998 | 9917091 |
| autocrine regulation of interleukin-8 by interleukin-1alpha in respiratory syncytial virus-infected pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro. | respiratory epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) produce interleukin-8 (il-8); however, the mechanisms of rsv-induced regulation of il-8 are poorly understood. in the present study, the regulation of il-8 by rsv was evaluated using pulmonary type ii-like epithelials (a549). live purified rsv (prsv) induced a significant increase in il-8 after 8 hr of exposure, while conditioned supernatants from prsv-infected a549 cells (crsv) induced il-8 production in fresh a549 cul ... | 1998 | 9893037 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection prolongs methacholine-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. | severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced disease is associated with childhood asthma and atopy. we combined models of allergen sensitization and rsv infection to begin exploring the immunologic interactions between allergic and virus-induced airway inflammation and its impact on airway hypersensitivity. airway resistance was measured after methacholine challenge in tracheally intubated mice by whole body plethysmography. lung inflammation was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and ... | 1999 | 9892406 |
| contribution of advances in immunology to vaccine development. | during the last 10 years, investigation of the bovine immune system has generated knowledge and reagents that can now be applied to study the mechanisms of immunity to disease and the identity of antigens recognized by protective immune responses. such studies can indicate which antigens are likely to be effective in subunit vaccines and also highlight the type of antigen delivery system that will be required for a vaccine to induce a protective immune response. in the case of bovine rsv, studie ... | 1999 | 9890017 |
| usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnosis of acute and persistent respiratory syncytial virus lung infections in guinea pigs. | to investigate whether bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid specimens can be used to diagnose acute and persistent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lung infections in guinea pigs, we tested bal fluid and lung tissue specimens for evidence of viral infection, and compared bal cytology between infected and uninfected animals. rsv-inoculated guinea pigs were studied during acute bronchiolitis (days 3 and 7 postinoculation), convalescence (day 14 postinoculation), and persistent infection (days 28 an ... | 1998 | 9888214 |
| addition of a missense mutation present in the l gene of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cpts530/1030 to rsv vaccine candidate cpts248/404 increases its attenuation and temperature sensitivity. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cpts530/1030 is an attenuated, temperature-sensitive subgroup a vaccine candidate derived previously from cold-passaged rsv (cprsv) by two sequential rounds of chemical mutagenesis and biological selection. here, cpts530/1030 was shown to be highly attenuated in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of seronegative chimpanzees. however, evaluation in seropositive children showed that it retains sufficient replicative capacity and virulence to preclude its direc ... | 1999 | 9882287 |
| adenovirus-mediated gene transfer is augmented in basilar and carotid arteries of heritable hyperlipidemic rabbits. | there are major differences in susceptibility of intracranial and extracranial arteries to atherosclerosis. the goal of this study was to examine adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to basilar and carotid arteries of watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (whhl) rabbits, which have spontaneous hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, and normal new zealand white (nzw) rabbits. we used 2 different adenoviral vectors, driven by either cytomegalovirus (cmv) or rous sarcoma virus (rsv) promoters. | 1999 | 9880399 |
| monoclonal antibody-resistant mutants selected with a respiratory syncytial virus-neutralizing human antibody fab fragment (fab 19) define a unique epitope on the fusion (f) glycoprotein. | a recombinant human antibody fragment, designated rsv fab 19, efficiently neutralizes respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). here we report the results of our sequence analysis of antibody escape mutants that identified f glycoprotein amino acids critical for binding of human or murine rsv f-neutralizing antibodies. | 1998 | 9878616 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus disease related to type and genotype of virus and to cytokine values in nasopharyngeal secretions. | investigations concerning the severity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease as related to (1) rsv type and genotype determined respectively by pcr and restriction enzyme analysis and (2) interleukin 6 (il-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) values in samples of nasopharyngeal secretion (nps) have not been previously reported. | 1998 | 9877358 |
| approaches to antiviral chemotherapy for acute respiratory infections. | the causative agents of acute respiratory infections (ari) in infants and children are mostly thought to be viruses. some ari in adult patients may be caused by bacteria but most often the causes are virus infections. when ari affect immunocompromised patients or the elderly the mortality rates are significantly higher than in immunocompetent individuals. many types of viruses cause ari. among them, influenza viruses a and b and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are thought to be the most import ... | 1998 | 9875381 |
| role of cellular actin in the gene expression and morphogenesis of human respiratory syncytial virus. | cytoskeletal protein actin and nonactin cellular proteins were essential for human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) gene expression. in vitro, specific antibodies against actin inhibited rsv transcription, whereas antibodies against other cytoskeletal proteins had little or no effect. affinity purified cellular actin or bacterially expressed recombinant actin activated rsv transcription. however, optimal transcription required additional cellular protein(s) that appeared to function as accessor ... | 1998 | 9875324 |
| detection of bordetella pertussis and respiratory synctial virus in air samples from hospital rooms. | to evaluate the distribution of bordetella pertussis and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in the hospital setting. | 1998 | 9872529 |
| permissiveness of guinea pig alveolar macrophage subpopulations to acute respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro. | alveolar macrophages (ams) are targets for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in vivo and in vitro. however, only a minority of ams are permissive to acute rsv infection in vitro, and it is unknown whether this permissiveness may be related to the degree of cellular maturation that is achieved in vivo. | 1998 | 9872206 |
| [severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection influenced by clinical risk factors and subtype a and b in hospitalized children]. | since it is possible to identify the subgroups of rsv, a-subtype and b-subtype, there are findings indicating that the subtype may influence severity of rsv infection. our study was designed to assess the hypothesis that a-subtype infections were more severe than b-subtype infections among hospitalized children. | 1998 | 9871899 |
| update: respiratory syncytial virus activity--united states, 1997-98 season. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. in temperate climates, infections primarily occur during yearly outbreaks that usually peak during the winter months. rsv activity in the united states is monitored by the national respiratory and enteric virus surveillance system (nrevss), a voluntary, laboratory-based system. this report summarizes trends for rsv reported to nrevss from july 1 ... | 1998 | 9869076 |
| fimbria-mediated enhanced attachment of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae to respiratory syncytial virus-infected respiratory epithelial cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is known to predispose children to otitis media and sinusitis due to bacteria such as nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi). in this study, we investigated the role of nthi surface outer membrane protein p5-homologous fimbriae (p5-fimbriae) in attachment to rsv-exposed a549 epithelial cells. analysis by fluorescence flow cytometry showed that a live p5-fimbriated nthi strain (nthif+) attached to a higher proportion of rsv-exposed a549 cells than to ... | 1999 | 9864214 |
| [effects of selenium supplement on acute lower respiratory tract infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus]. | an intervention study was conducted in 75 young children under one year hospitalized with pneumonia or bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness of selenium (se) supplement on acute respiratory lower tract infection caused by rsv with randomly controlled and double-masked method. trial subjects were divided into two groups, one with 37 children in routine treatment and the other with 38 children in routine treatment plus se supplement. the co ... | 1997 | 9863072 |
| genes of chicken mhc regulate the adherence activity of blood monocytes in rous sarcomas progressing and regressing lines. | the influence of the chicken major histocompatibility (b) complex (mhc) on the adherence potential of monocyte-derived macrophages was examined using the congenic chicken lines cb and cc. these lines represent well-defined genetic models for the study of resistance (cb) or susceptibility (cc) to the progressive growth of rous sarcomas. using a monoclonal antibody specific for chicken monocytes/macrophages, cb and cc chickens were shown by flow cytometry analyses to have similar proportions of pe ... | 1998 | 9860187 |
| rapid identification of nine microorganisms causing acute respiratory tract infections by single-tube multiplex reverse transcription-pcr: feasibility study. | acute respiratory tract infections (aris) are leading causes of morbidity and, in developing countries, mortality in children. a multiplex reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) assay was developed to allow in one test the detection of nine different microorganisms (enterovirus, influenza a and b viruses, respiratory syncytial virus [rsv], parainfluenzaviruses type 1 and type 3, adenovirus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and chlamydia pneumoniae) that do not usually colonize the respiratory tracts of humans ... | 1999 | 9854054 |
| epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus infection requiring hospitalization in east denmark. | prophylaxis against infection caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) with high titered rsv immunoglobulin or humanized antibody may soon be available in europe. | 1998 | 9849981 |
| altered growth characteristics of recombinant respiratory syncytial viruses which do not produce ns2 protein. | the second gene in the 3'-to-5' gene order in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) encodes the nonstructural protein ns2, for which there is no assigned function. to study the function of ns2, we have used a recently developed reverse genetics system to ablate expression of ns2 in recombinant rsv. a full-length cdna copy of the antigenome of rsv a2 strain under the control of a t7 promoter was modified by introduction of tandem termination codons within the ns2 open reading frame (ns2stop) or by de ... | 1999 | 9847352 |
| model for polymerase access to the overlapped l gene of respiratory syncytial virus. | the last two genes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), m2 and l, overlap by 68 nucleotides, an arrangement which has counterparts in a number of nonsegmented negative-strand rna viruses. thus, the gene-end (ge) signal of m2 lies downstream of the l gene-start (gs) signal, separated by 45 nucleotides. since rsv transcription ostensibly is sequential and unidirectional from a single promoter within the 3' leader region, it was unclear how the polymerase accesses the l gs signal. furthermore, it ... | 1999 | 9847343 |
| generation of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) from cdna: brsv ns2 is not essential for virus replication in tissue culture, and the human rsv leader region acts as a functional brsv genome promoter. | in order to generate recombinant bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), the genome of brsv strain a51908, variant atue51908, was cloned as cdna. we provide here the sequence of the brsv genome ends and of the entire l gene. this completes the sequence of the brsv genome, which comprises a total of 15,140 nucleotides. to establish a vaccinia virus-free recovery system, a bhk-derived cell line stably expressing t7 rna polymerase was generated (bsr t7/5). recombinant brsv was reproducibly recov ... | 1999 | 9847328 |