Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| characterization and fine mapping of the rice premature senescence mutant ospse1. | premature senescence can limit crop productivity by limiting the growth phase. in the present study, a spontaneous premature senescence mutant was identified in rice (oryza sativa l.). genetic analysis revealed that the premature senescence phenotype was controlled by a recessive mutation, which we named oryza sativa premature senescence1 (ospse1). the ospse1 mutants showed premature leaf senescence from the booting stage and exhibited more severe symptoms during reproductive and ripening stages ... | 2013 | 23624440 |
| locating qtls controlling several adult root traits in an elite chinese hybrid rice. | this study aimed to elucidate the genetics of the adult root system in elite chinese hybrid rice. several adult root traits in a recombinant inbred line (ril) population of xieyou 9308 and two backcross f1 (bcf1) populations derived from the rils were phenotyped under hydroponic culture at heading stage for quantitative trait locus (qtl) mapping and other statistical analysis. there a total of eight qtls detected for the root traits. among of them, a pleiotropic qtl was repeatedly flanked by rm1 ... | 2013 | 23624393 |
| transcription of orfs on rna2 and rna4 of rice stripe virus terminate at an auccggau sequence that is conserved in the genus tenuivirus. | rice stripe virus, the type member of the genus tenuivirus, has four genomic rnas. rnas 2-4 have an ambisense coding strategy and the noncoding intergenic regions (irs) separating the two orfs are thought to function in termination of transcription. sequencing the 3'-untranslated region of transcripts from rna2 and rna4 in virus-infected oryza sativa (the natural host), nicotiana benthamiana (an experimental host) and laodelphax striatellus (the vector), showed that the sequences of p2 and pc2 t ... | 2013 | 23624227 |
| reverse-genetic approach to verify physiological roles of rice phytoalexins: characterization of a knockdown mutant of oscps4 phytoalexin biosynthetic gene in rice. | a variety of labdane-related diterpenoids, including phytocassanes, oryzalexins and momilactones, were identified as phytoalexins in rice (oryza sativa l.). momilactone b was also isolated as an allelochemical exuded from rice roots. the biosynthetic genes of these phytoalexins have been identified, including six labdane-related diterpene cyclase genes such as oscps2, oscps4, osksl4, osksl7, osksl8 and osksl10. here we identified an oscps4 knockdown mutant, cps4-tos, by screening tos17 mutant li ... | 2014 | 23621683 |
| response of rice to insect elicitors and the role of osjar1 in wound and herbivory-induced ja-ile accumulation. | plants produce jasmonic acid (ja) and its amino acid conjugate, jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (ja-ile) as major defense signals in response to wounding and herbivory. in rice (oryza sativa), ja and ja-ile rapidly increased after mechanical damage, and this increase was further amplified when the wounds were treated with oral secretions from generalist herbivore larvae, lawn armyworms (spodoptera mauritia), revealing for the first time active perception mechanisms of herbivore-associated elicitor(s) in ... | 2013 | 23621526 |
| osrrmh, a spen-like gene, plays an important role during the vegetative to reproductive transition in rice. | osrrmh, a homologue of osrrm, encodes a spen-like protein, and is composed of two n-terminal rna recognition motifs (rrm) and one c-terminal spen paralogue and an orthologue c-terminal domain (spoc). the gene has been found to be constitutively expressed in the root, stem, leaf, spikelet, and immature seed, and alternative splicing patterns were confirmed in different tissues, which may indicate diverse functions for osrrmh. the osrrmh dsrnai lines exhibited late-flowering and a larger panicle p ... | 2013 | 23621499 |
| does chloroplast size influence photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency? | high nitrogen (n) supply frequently results in a decreased photosynthetic n-use efficiency (pnue), which indicates a less efficient use of accumulated ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco). chloroplasts are the location of rubisco and the endpoint of co2 diffusion, and they play a vital important role in photosynthesis. however, the effects of chloroplast development on photosynthesis are poorly explored. in the present study, rice seedlings (oryza sativa l., cv. 'shanyou 63' ... | 2013 | 23620801 |
| improved nutrient use efficiency increases plant growth of rice with the use of iaa-overproducing strains of endophytic burkholderia cepacia strain rre25. | effect of indole acetic acid (iaa)-overproducing mutants of burkholderia cepacia (rre25), a member of β-subclass of proteobacteria and naturally occurring rice endophyte, was observed on the growth of rice (oryza sativa l.) plants grown under greenhouse conditions. nine mutants were characterized for altered biosynthesis of iaa after nitrous acid mutagenesis. these mutants were grouped into two classes: class i mutants have reduced production of iaa as compared to the wild type, while class ii m ... | 2013 | 23615705 |
| improving pharmaceutical protein production in oryza sativa. | application of plant expression systems in the production of recombinant proteins has several advantages, such as low maintenance cost, absence of human pathogens, and possession of complex post-translational glycosylation capabilities. plants have been successfully used to produce recombinant cytokines, vaccines, antibodies, and other proteins, and rice (oryza sativa) is a potential plant used as recombinant protein expression system. after successful transformation, transgenic rice cells can b ... | 2013 | 23615467 |
| genome-wide analysis of the expansin gene superfamily reveals grapevine-specific structural and functional characteristics. | expansins are proteins that loosen plant cell walls in a ph-dependent manner, probably by increasing the relative movement among polymers thus causing irreversible expansion. the expansin superfamily (exp) comprises four distinct families: expansin a (expa), expansin b (expb), expansin-like a (exla) and expansin-like b (exlb). there is experimental evidence that expa and expb proteins are required for cell expansion and developmental processes involving cell wall modification, whereas the exact ... | 2013 | 23614035 |
| functional conservation of mikc*-type mads box genes in arabidopsis and rice pollen maturation. | there are two groups of mads intervening keratin-like and c-terminal (mikc)-type mads box genes, mikc(c) type and mikc* type. in seed plants, the mikc(c) type shows considerable diversity, but the mikc* type has only two subgroups, p- and s-clade, which show conserved expression in the gametophyte. to examine the functional conservation of mikc*-type genes, we characterized all three rice (oryza sativa) mikc*-type genes. all three genes are specifically expressed late in pollen development. the ... | 2013 | 23613199 |
| polyamines and ethylene interact in rice grains in response to soil drying during grain filling. | this study tested the hypothesis that the interaction between polyamines and ethylene may mediate the effects of soil drying on grain filling of rice (oryza sativa l.). two rice cultivars were pot grown. three treatments, well-watered, moderate soil drying (md), and severe soil drying (sd), were imposed from 8 d post-anthesis until maturity. the endosperm cell division rate, grain-filling rate, and grain weight of earlier flowering superior spikelets showed no significant differences among the t ... | 2013 | 23606413 |
| isolation and characterization of two novel root-specific promoters in rice (oryza sativa l.). | novel root-specific promoters are important for developing methods to drive root-specific gene expression for nutrient and water absorption. rt-pcr (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) analysis identified high expression levels of os03g01700 and os02g37190 in root tissues across developmental stages in comparison with the constitutive genes osact1 (rice actin1 gene), osubi1 (rice polyubiquitin rubi1 gene), and oscc1 (rice cytochrome c gene). the copy numbers of os03g01700 and os02g3 ... | 2013 | 23602097 |
| structural and functional study in the rhizosphere of oryza sativa l. plants growing under biotic and abiotic stress. | a structural and functional study has been carried out in the rice production area of the guadalquivir marshes in southern spain aiming to increase knowledge of rice rhizosphere structure and function for further application on integrated management practices. | 2013 | 23594253 |
| detection of quantitative trait loci (qtls) for resistances to small brown planthopper and rice stripe virus in rice using recombinant inbred lines. | small brown planthopper (sbph) and rice stripe virus (rsv) disease transmitted by sbph cause serious damage to rice (oryza sativa l.) in china. in the present study, we screened 312 rice accessions for resistance to sbph. the indica variety, n22, is highly resistant to sbph. one hundred and eighty two recombinant inbred lines (rils) derived from a cross of n22 and the highly susceptible variety, ussr5, were used for quantitative trait locus (qtl) analysis of resistances to sbph and rsv. in a mod ... | 2013 | 23591851 |
| gene flow from transgenic rice to red rice (oryza sativa l.) in the field. | in this study, we simulate a transgenic rice crop highly infested with red rice to examine transgene transfer from a transgenic line (a2504) resistant to glufosinate ammonium to cohabitant red rice. the red rice was sown along with the transgenic line at the highest density found in naturally infested crops in the region. agricultural practices similar to those used to control red rice infestation in northern italy rice fields were used to reproduce the local rice production system. during the f ... | 2014 | 23590388 |
| roles of plant hormones and their interplay in rice immunity. | plant hormones have been extensively studied for their importance in innate immunity particularly in the dicotyledonous model plant arabidopsis thaliana. however, only in the last decade, plant hormones were demonstrated to play conserved and divergent roles in fine-tuning immune in rice (oryza sativa l.), a monocotyledonous model crop plant. emerging evidence showed that salicylic acid (sa) plays a role in rice basal defense but is differentially required by rice pattern recognition receptor (p ... | 2013 | 23589608 |
| profiling the ionome of rice and its use in discriminating geographical origins at the regional scale, china. | element profile was investigated for their use to trace the geographical origin of rice (oryza sativa l.) samples. the concentrations of 13 elements (calcium (ca), potassium (k), magnesium (mg), phosphorus (p), boron (b), manganese (mn), iron (fe), nickel (ni), copper (cu), arsenic (as), selenium (se), molybdenum (mo), and cadmium (cd)) were determined in the rice samples by inductively coupled plasma optical emission and mass spectrometry. most of the essential elements for human health in rice ... | 2013 | 23586309 |
| rice and bean ahl-mimic quorum-sensing signals specifically interfere with the capacity to form biofilms by plant-associated bacteria. | many bacteria regulate their gene expression in response to changes in their population density in a process called quorum sensing (qs), which involves communication between cells mediated by small diffusible signal molecules termed autoinducers. n-acyl-homoserine-lactones (ahls) are the most common autoinducers in proteobacteria. qs-regulated genes are involved in complex interactions between bacteria of the same or different species and even with some eukaryotic organisms. eukaryotes, includin ... | 2013 | 23583723 |
| a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for rab5 proteins is essential for intracellular transport of the proglutelin from the golgi apparatus to the protein storage vacuole in rice endosperm. | rice (oryza sativa) glutelins are synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum as a precursor, which are then transported via the golgi to protein storage vacuoles (psvs), where they are proteolytically processed into acidic and basic subunits. the glutelin precursor mutant6 (glup6) accumulates abnormally large amounts of proglutelin. map-base cloning studies showed that glup6 was a loss-of-function mutant of guanine nucleotide exchange factor (gef), which activates rab gtpase, a key regulator of me ... | 2013 | 23580596 |
| a significant fraction of 21-nucleotide small rna originates from phased degradation of resistance genes in several perennial species. | small rnas (srnas), including microrna (mirna) and short-interfering rna (sirna), are important in the regulation of diverse biological processes. comparative studies of srnas from plants have mainly focused on mirna, even though they constitute a mere fraction of the total srna diversity. in this study, we report results from an in-depth analysis of the srna population from the conifer spruce (picea abies) and compared the results with those of a range of plant species. the vast majority of srn ... | 2013 | 23580593 |
| salicylic acid alleviates copper toxicity in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings by up-regulating antioxidative and glyoxalase systems. | the present study investigated the effect of salicylic acid (sa) on toxic symptoms, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species generation and responses of antioxidative and glyoxalase systems in rice seedlings grown hydroponically under copper (cu) stress for 48 h. exposures of 75 and 150 μm cu(2+) caused toxicity symptoms (chlorosis, necrosis and rolling in leaves), sharp increases in malondialdehyde (mda), hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) contents and lipoxygenase (lox) activity with concomitant redu ... | 2013 | 23579392 |
| investigation of tocotrienol biosynthesis in rice (oryza sativa l.). | rice tocotrienol (t3) has gained attention due to its physiological activities (e.g., antiangiogenesis). however, the biosynthetic pathway for t3 production in rice grain has not been well studied. we hypothesized that t3 biosynthesis enzymes and/or precursors play an important role in t3 production in whole grain. this proposal was evaluated in rice (oryza sativa l.) by pcr and hplc techniques. grain tocopherol as well as flag leaf vitamin e levels were also investigated for comparison. for ric ... | 2013 | 23578619 |
| dissecting rice polyamine metabolism under controlled long-term drought stress. | a selection of 21 rice cultivars (oryza sativa l. ssp. indica and japonica) was characterized under moderate long-term drought stress by comprehensive physiological analyses and determination of the contents of polyamines and selected metabolites directly related to polyamine metabolism. to investigate the potential regulation of polyamine biosynthesis at the transcriptional level, the expression of 21 genes encoding enzymes involved in these pathways were analyzed by qrt-pcr. analysis of the ge ... | 2013 | 23577102 |
| the use of relocate and unassembled short reads to produce high-resolution snapshots of transposable element generated diversity in rice. | transposable elements (tes) are dynamic components of genomes that often vary in copy number among members of the same species. with the advent of next-generation sequencing te insertion-site polymorphism can be examined at an unprecedented level of detail when combined with easy-to-use bioinformatics software. here we report a new tool, relocate, that rapidly identifies specific te insertions that are either polymorphic or shared between a reference and unassembled next-generation sequencing re ... | 2013 | 23576519 |
| preferential delivery of zinc to developing tissues in rice is mediated by p-type heavy metal atpase oshma2. | developing tissues such as meristems and reproductive organs require high zinc, but the molecular mechanisms of how zinc taken up by the roots is preferentially delivered to these tissues with low transpiration are unknown. here, we report that rice (oryza sativa) heavy metal atpase2 (oshma2), a member of p-type atpases, is involved in preferential delivery of zinc to the developing tissues in rice. oshma2 was mainly expressed in the mature zone of the roots at the vegetative stage, but higher e ... | 2013 | 23575418 |
| novel receptor-like kinases in cacao contain pr-1 extracellular domains. | members of the pathogenesis-related protein 1 (pr-1) family are well-known markers of plant defence responses, forming part of the arsenal of the secreted proteins produced on pathogen recognition. here, we report the identification of two cacao (theobroma cacao l.) pr-1s that are fused to transmembrane regions and serine/threonine kinase domains, in a manner characteristic of receptor-like kinases (rlks). these proteins (tcpr-1f and tcpr-1g) were named pr-1 receptor kinases (pr-1rks). phylogene ... | 2013 | 23573899 |
| profiling of selected indigenous rice (oryza sativa l.) landraces of rarh bengal in relation to osmotic stress tolerance. | a total of ten rare indigenous rice landraces of west bengal were screened for germination potential and seedling growth under varying concentrations of sodium chloride (nacl) and polyethylene glycol (peg) solutions as osmotic stress inducing agents. among the studied rice landraces kelas and bhut moori showed highest degree of tolerance to induced osmotic stresses. proline content of the studied lines was also determined. genetic relationship among the studied rice landraces was assessed with 2 ... | 2012 | 23573049 |
| lysigenous aerenchyma formation involves non-apoptotic programmed cell death in rice (oryza sativa l.) roots. | in waterlogged soil, deficiency of oxygen triggers development of aerenchyma in roots which facilitates gas diffusion between roots and the aerial environment. however, in contrast to other monocots, roots of rice (oryza sativa l.) constitutively form aerenchyma even in aerobic conditions. the formation of cortical aerenchyma in roots is thought to occur by either lysigeny or schizogeny. schizogenous aerenchyma is developed without cortical cell death. however, lysigenous gas-spaces are formed a ... | 2012 | 23573035 |
| rnai mediated silencing of a wall associated kinase, osiwak1 in oryza sativa results in impaired root development and sterility due to anther indehiscence: wall associated kinases from oryza sativa. | the wall-associated kinase, one of the receptor-like kinase (rlk) gene families in plant, plays important roles in cell expansion, pathogen resistance and heavy metal stress tolerance in arabidopsis thaliana. here, we isolated a cdna encoding a novel wak from indica rice and designated as osiwak1 (oryza sativa indica wak-1). in this study, the rnai construct with osiwak1 gene cloned in sense and antisense orientation separated by a functional intron under constitutive promoter, was introduced th ... | 2011 | 23572996 |
| adaptational changes in the lipids and fatty acid profile of the cell and thylakoid membrane of rice plants exposed to sunlight. | adaptational changes occurring in the lipids and fatty acids of the cell and the thylakoid membrane in response to high light treatment, was studied in 30 days old rice (oryza sativa l. cv. jyothi) plants grown under low (150-200 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) or moderate (600-800 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) light conditions. results were compared with rice plants grown in high (1200-2200 μmol m(-2) s(-1)) light conditions. exposure of rice plants and isolated chloroplast to high light, resulted in an increase in the ... | 2010 | 23572973 |
| hypoxia induced non-apoptotic cellular changes during aerenchyma formation in rice (oryza sativa l.) roots. | the stress of low oxygen concentrations in a waterlogged environment is minimized in some plants that produce aerenchyma, a tissue characterized by prominent intercellular spaces. it is produced by the predictable collapse of root cortex cells, indicating a programmed cell death (pcd) and facilitates gas diffusion between root and the aerial environment. the objective of this study was to characterize the cellular changes take place during aerenchyma formation in root of rice that accompany pcd. ... | 2010 | 23572959 |
| plant physiological and soil characteristics associated with methane and nitrous oxide emission from rice paddy. | methane (ch4) and nitrous oxide (n2o) are important greenhouse gases causing global warming and climate change. efforts were made to analyze the ch4 and n2o flux in relation to plant and soil factors from rice (oryza sativa l.) paddy. ten popularly grown rice varieties namely rashmisali, bogajoha, basmuthi, lalkalamdani, choimora (traditional varieties); mahsuri, moniram, kushal, gitesh and profulla (high yielding varieties = hyv) were grown during monsoon season of july 2006. the ch4 and n2o em ... | 2010 | 23572957 |
| regulation of sugar metabolism in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings under arsenate toxicity and its improvement by phosphate. | the effect of arsenate with or without phosphate on the growth and sugar metabolism in rice seedlings cv. mtu 1010 was studied. arsenate was found to be more toxic for root growth than shoot growth and water content of the seedlings gradually decreased with increasing concentrations. arsenate exposure at 20 μm and 100 μm resulted in an increase in reducing sugar content and decrease in non-reducing sugar content. there was a small increase in starch content, the activity of starch phosphorylase ... | 2010 | 23572955 |
| high frequency plant regeneration from embryogenic callus of a popular indica rice (oryza sativa l.). | the aim of the study is to establish a routine procedure for high frequency plant regeneration from in vitro raised embryogenic callus of abiotic salt sensitive indica rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar adt 43. the effect of synthetic auxin 2,4-d on callus induction was optimized to achieve high frequency plant regeneration from fresh embryogenic callus without further subculture. friable, nodular and creamish-white embryogenic callus cultures were raised from mature rice seeds on ls medium supplem ... | 2009 | 23572948 |
| gas exchange variability and water use efficiency of thirty landraces of rice still under cultivation in kumaun region of the indian central himalaya. | gas exchange characteristics of thirty landraces of rice (oryza sativa l.) along with an introduced variety vl-206 (recommended high yielding variety for rainfed uplands of the indian central himalaya, ich), grown in earthen pots and kept in the open at the institute nursery at kosi (1150m amsl, 79°38'10″e and 29°38'15″n) were studied. the photosynthetic rate (pn) and other related parameters were found to vary considerably among landraces. based on the comparison of pn of landraces with that of ... | 2009 | 23572940 |
| nitrate assimilatory enzymes of spirulina (arthospira) platensis are more thermotolerant than those of rice. | in order to assess the potential of spirulina (arthospira) platensis as a source of abundant, thermostable nitrate assimilatory enzymes, the specific activities and thermal tolerance of nitrate reductase (nr), nitrite reductase (nir) and glutamine synthetase (gs) were compared with those of rice in crude extracts in vitro. the results show that spirulina enzymes have relatively higher thermotolerance. when the extracts were pre-exposed to 80 °c for 1 hr, spirulina enzymes retained higher activit ... | 2009 | 23572937 |
| isolation and expression analysis of ospme1, encoding for a putative pectin methyl esterase from oryza sativa (subsp. indica). | pectin methyl esterases (pmes) play an essential role during plant development by affecting the mechanical properties of the plant cell walls. recent studies indicated that pmes play important role in pollen tube development. in this study, we isolated a 1.3 kb cdna clone from rice panicle cdna library. it contained a 1038 bp of open reading frame (orf) encoding for a putative pectin methyl esterase of 345 aminoacids with a 20 aminoacid signal peptide and was hence designated as ospme1 (oryza sa ... | 2009 | 23572921 |
| spirulina nitrate-assimilating enzymes (nr, nir, gs) have higher specific activities and are more stable than those of rice. | spirulina platensis, a cyanobacterium whose n-metabolic pathway is similar to that of higher plants like rice (oryza sativa), produces tenfold more protein, indicating a higher capacity for nitrate utilization/removal. our in vitro analyses in crude extracts revealed that this can be attributed, at least in part, to the higher specific activities (3-6 fold) and half lives (1.2-4.4 fold) of the n-assimilating enzymes, nitrate reductase (nr), nitrite reductase (nir) and glutamine synthetase (gs) i ... | 2008 | 23572885 |
| effect of germination on the phytase activity, phytate and total phosphorus contents of rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), millet (panicum miliaceum), sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and wheat (triticum aestivum). | the effect of germination on the level of phytase activity and the contents of phytates and phosphorus of five nigeria grown cereal grains was studied. the cereals screened were rice (oryza sativa), maize (zea mays), millet (panicum miliaceum), sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and wheat (triticum aestivum). phytase activity was high (0.21-0.67 u g(-1)) in all samples. phytate content ranged between 5.6 and 6.2 mg g(-1) while total phosphorus content ranged between 3.3 and 4.3 mg g(-1). during germinati ... | 0 | 23572811 |
| effect of processing paddy on digestibility of rice starch by in vitro studies. | paddy (oryza sativa l) (variety 'ir - 64'), was parboiled, puffed by sand roasting and flaked by edge runner and roller flaker and variations in physical and physicochemical properties were studied. moisture contents were lower (5.8-10.8%) in processed rice products compared to raw materials (11.8%). ratio of rice to sand in the case of puffed rice preparation was optimized. the equilibrium moisture content was 27.4% in raw rice while it was much higher (38.9-81.0%) in processed rice. sedimentat ... | 2010 | 23572662 |
| relationship of starch changes to puffing expansion of parboiled rice. | 'intan' variety of paddy (oryza sativa) was tested for puffing. it was parboiled under a wide range of paddy moisture content, steaming pressure and time, as also temperature and time of sand heating. the resulting milled rices were studied for their diverse properties including puffing. indices of starch changes in the samples were calculated as: (1) gelatinisation index from the solubility of amylose in 0.2 n koh; (2) amylopectin retrogradation from the post-production drop in room-temperature ... | 2010 | 23572622 |
| root iron plaque formation and characteristics under n2 flushing and its effects on translocation of zn and cd in paddy rice seedlings (oryza sativa). | anoxic conditions are seldom considered in root iron plaque induction of wetland plants in hydroponic experiments, but such conditions are essential for root iron plaque formation in the field. although ferrous ion availability and root radial oxygen loss capacity are generally taken into account, neglect of anoxic conditions in root iron plaque formation might lead to an under- or over-estimate of their functional effects, such as blocking toxic metal uptake. this study hypothesized that anoxic ... | 2013 | 23572276 |
| comprehensive analysis of the rice ring e3 ligase family reveals their functional diversity in response to abiotic stress. | a large number of really interesting new gene (ring) e3 ligases contribute to the post-translational modification of target proteins during plant responses to environmental stresses. however, the physical interactome of ring e3 ligases in rice remains largely unknown. here, we evaluated the expression patterns of 47 oryza sativa ring finger protein (osrfp) genes in response to abiotic stresses via semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and in silico analysis. ... | 2013 | 23571674 |
| molecular cloning of cryptochrome 1 from apple and its functional characterization in arabidopsis. | cryptochromes are blue-light photoreceptors involved in regulating many aspects of plant growth and development. investigations of cryptochromes in plants have largely focused on arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana), tomato (solanum lycopersicum), rice (oryza sativa) and pea (pisum sativum). here, we isolated the cryptochrome 1 gene from apple (malus domestica) (mdcry1) and analyzed its function in transgenic arabidopsis. the predicted mdcry1 protein was most closely homologous to strawberry cry1. ... | 2013 | 23570872 |
| the atp-binding cassette transporter osabcg15 is required for anther development and pollen fertility in rice. | plant male reproductive development is a complex biological process, but the underlying mechanism is not well understood. here, we characterized a rice (oryza sativa l.) male sterile mutant. based on map-based cloning and sequence analysis, we identified a 1,459-bp deletion in an adenosine triphosphate (atp)-binding cassette (abc) transporter gene, osabcg15, causing abnormal anthers and male sterility. therefore, we named this mutant osabcg15. expression analysis showed that osabcg15 is expresse ... | 2013 | 23570336 |
| protein profile of rice (oryza sativa) seeds. | seeds are the most important plant storage organ and play a central role in the life cycle of plants. since little is known about the protein composition of rice (oryza sativa) seeds, in this work we used proteomic methods to obtain a reference map of rice seed proteins and identify important molecules. overall, 480 reproducible protein spots were detected by two-dimensional electrophoresis on ph 4-7 gels and 302 proteins were identified by maldi-tof ms and database searches. together, these pro ... | 2013 | 23569412 |
| specific subunits of heterotrimeric g proteins play important roles during nodulation in soybean. | heterotrimeric g proteins comprising gα, gβ, and gγ subunits regulate many fundamental growth and development processes in all eukaryotes. plants possess a relatively limited number of g-protein components compared with mammalian systems, and their detailed functional characterization has been performed mostly in arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (oryza sativa). however, the presence of single gα and gβ proteins in both these species has significantly undermined the complexity and spec ... | 2013 | 23569109 |
| a review of the "omics" approach to biomarkers of oxidative stress in oryza sativa. | physiological and ecological constraints that cause the slow growth and depleted production of crops have raised a major concern in the agriculture industry as they represent a possible threat of short food supply in the future. the key feature that regulates the stress signaling pathway is always related to the reactive oxygen species (ros). the accumulation of ros in plant cells would leave traces of biomarkers at the genome, proteome, and metabolome levels, which could be identified with the ... | 2013 | 23567269 |
| evaluation of estimated daily intake (edi) of cadmium and lead for rice (oryza sativa l.) in calcareous soils. | the excessive amounts of cadmium and lead in food chain can cause health problems for humans and ecosystem. rice is an important food in human diet. therefore this study was conducted in order to investigate cadmium and lead concentrations in seed rice (oryza saliva) of paddy fields in southwest of iran. a total of 70 rice seed samples were collected from paddy fields in five regions of khuzestan province, southwest iran, during harvesting time. in the samples cadmium and lead concentrations wer ... | 2013 | 23566692 |
| lower responsiveness of canopy evapotranspiration rate than of leaf stomatal conductance to open-air co2 elevation in rice. | an elevated atmospheric co2 concentration ([co2 ]) can reduce stomatal conductance of leaves for most plant species, including rice (oryza sativa l.). however, few studies have quantified seasonal changes in the effects of elevated [co2 ] on canopy evapotranspiration, which integrates the response of stomatal conductance of individual leaves with other responses, such as leaf area expansion, changes in leaf surface temperature, and changes in developmental stages, in field conditions. we conduct ... | 2013 | 23564676 |
| the endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by highly expressed osraat reduces seed size via pre-mature programmed cell death. | the high accumulation of a recombinant protein in rice endosperm causes endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress and in turn dramatically affects endogenous storage protein expression, protein body morphology and seed phenotype. to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes in transgenic rice seeds, we analyzed the expression profiles of endogenous storage proteins, er stress-related and programmed cell death (pcd)-related genes in transgenic lines with different levels of oryza sativa ... | 2013 | 23564402 |
| differential requirement of oryza sativa rar1 in immune receptor-mediated resistance of rice to magnaporthe oryzae. | the required for mla12 resistance (rar1) protein is essential for the plant immune response. in rice, a model monocot species, the function of oryza sativa rar1 (osrar1) has been little explored. in our current study, we characterized the response of a rice osrar1 t-dna insertion mutant to infection by magnaporthe oryzae, the causal agent of rice blast disease. osrar1 mutants displayed reduced resistance compared with wild type rice when inoculated with the normally virulent m. oryzae isolate po ... | 2013 | 23563801 |
| clock-controlled and flowering locus t (ft)-dependent photoperiodic pathway in lotus japonicus i: verification of the flowering-associated function of an ft homolog. | during the last decade, significant research progress in the study of arabidopsis thaliana has been made in defining the molecular mechanism by which the plant circadian clock regulates flowering time in response to changes in photoperiod. it is generally accepted that the clock-controlled constans (co)-flowering locus t (ft)-mediated external coincidence mechanism underlying the photoperiodic control of flowering time is conserved in higher plants, including a. thaliana and oryza sativa. howeve ... | 2013 | 23563564 |
| functional analysis and expressional characterization of rice ankyrin repeat-containing protein, ospiank1, in basal defense against magnaporthe oryzae attack. | the ankyrin repeat-containing protein gene ospiank1 (ak068021) in rice (oryza sativa l.) was previously shown to be upregulated following infection with the rice leaf blight pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (xoo). in this study, we further characterized the role of ospiank1 in basal defense against magnaporthe oryzae (m.oryzae) by 5' deletion analysis of its promoter and overexpression of the gene. the promoter of ospiank1 with 1,985 bps in length was sufficient to induce the ospiank1 respo ... | 2013 | 23555750 |
| identification of tissue-preferential expression patterns of rice mirnas. | it is imperative to understand the mechanisms of growth and development in higher plants for improving plant adaptation during different developmental stages. plant micrornas (mirs) play crucial regulatory roles in various developmental processes. as many as 15 mir families having multiple members are known to regulate plant development, yet the spatio-temporal expression patterns of individual members are not fully characterized. it is likely that different members of mir families can make spec ... | 2013 | 23553598 |
| the evolution and diversification of plant microtubule-associated proteins. | plant evolution is marked by major advances in structural characteristics that facilitated the highly successful colonization of dry land. underlying these advances is the evolution of genes encoding specialized proteins that form novel microtubular arrays of the cytoskeleton. this review investigates the evolution of plant families of microtubule-associated proteins (maps) through the recently sequenced genomes of arabidopsis thaliana, oryza sativa, selaginella moellendorffii, physcomitrella pa ... | 2013 | 23551562 |
| traditional and modern plant breeding methods with examples in rice (oryza sativa l.). | plant breeding can be broadly defined as alterations caused in plants as a result of their use by humans, ranging from unintentional changes resulting from the advent of agriculture to the application of molecular tools for precision breeding. the vast diversity of breeding methods can be simplified into three categories: (i) plant breeding based on observed variation by selection of plants based on natural variants appearing in nature or within traditional varieties; (ii) plant breeding based o ... | 2013 | 23551250 |
| the rice narrow leaf2 and narrow leaf3 loci encode wuschel-related homeobox 3a (oswox3a) and function in leaf, spikelet, tiller and lateral root development. | · in order to understand the molecular genetic mechanisms of rice (oryza sativa) organ development, we studied the narrow leaf2 narrow leaf3 (nal2 nal3; hereafter nal2/3) double mutant, which produces narrow-curly leaves, more tillers, fewer lateral roots, opened spikelets and narrow-thin grains. · we found that narrow-curly leaves resulted mainly from reduced lateral-axis outgrowth with fewer longitudinal veins and more, larger bulliform cells. opened spikelets, possibly caused by marginal defo ... | 2013 | 23551229 |
| effects of exogenous thiocyanate on mineral nutrients, antioxidative responses and free amino acids in rice seedlings. | the effects of exogenous thiocyanate (scn(-)) on amino acids composition, content of mineral nutrients and antioxidative systems in plants were investigated. young rice seedlings (oryza sativa l. cv. xzx 45) were grown in nutrient solutions amended with potassium thiocyanate (kscn). activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), peroxidase (pod), catalase (cat), and ascorbate peroxidase (apx) in plant materials were analyzed in vivo. mineral nutrients and free amino acids in rice seedlings were also ... | 2013 | 23549985 |
| organic nitrogen components in soils from southeast china. | to investigate the amounts of extractable organic nitrogen (eon), and the relationships between eon and total extractable nitrogen (ten), especially the amino acids (aas) adsorbed by soils, and a series of other hydrolyzed soil nitrogen indices in typical land use soil types from southeast china. under traditional agricultural planting conditions, the functions of eon, especially aas in the rhizosphere and in bulk soil zones were also investigated. | 2013 | 23549843 |
| rice cytokinin gata transcription factor1 regulates chloroplast development and plant architecture. | chloroplast biogenesis has been well documented in higher plants, yet the complex methods used to regulate chloroplast activity under fluctuating environmental conditions are not well understood. in rice (oryza sativa), the cytokinin-responsive gata transcription factor1 (cga1) shows increased expression following light, nitrogen, and cytokinin treatments, while darkness and gibberellin reduce expression. strong overexpression of cga1 produces dark green, semidwarf plants with reduced tillering, ... | 2013 | 23548780 |
| the rice resistance protein pair rga4/rga5 recognizes the magnaporthe oryzae effectors avr-pia and avr1-co39 by direct binding. | resistance (r) proteins recognize pathogen avirulence (avr) proteins by direct or indirect binding and are multidomain proteins generally carrying a nucleotide binding (nb) and a leucine-rich repeat (lrr) domain. two nb-lrr protein-coding genes from rice (oryza sativa), rga4 and rga5, were found to be required for the recognition of the magnaporthe oryzae effector avr1-co39. rga4 and rga5 also mediate recognition of the unrelated m. oryzae effector avr-pia, indicating that the corresponding r pr ... | 2013 | 23548743 |
| understanding rice domestication and implications for cultivar improvement. | considerable insights were recently gained into the history and process of rice domestication. it becomes increasingly clear that artificial and natural selections coupled with extensive introgression have shaped the genomes of cultivated rice. the interplay of these evolutionary forces gave rise to the cultivated species, oryza sativa, with divergent genomic backgrounds from two wild species, o. rufipogon and o. nivara, governed by a set of domestication alleles which had originated primarily a ... | 2013 | 23545218 |
| a conserved genetic pathway determines inflorescence architecture in arabidopsis and rice. | the spatiotemporal architecture of inflorescences that bear flowers determines plant reproductive success by affecting fruit set and plant interaction with pollinators. the inflorescence architecture that displays great diversity across flowering plants depends on developmental decisions at inflorescence meristems. here we report a key conserved genetic pathway determining inflorescence architecture in arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa (rice). in arabidopsis, four mads-box genes, suppressor ... | 2013 | 23537632 |
| robustness and strategies of adaptation among farmer varieties of african rice (oryza glaberrima) and asian rice (oryza sativa) across west africa. | this study offers evidence of the robustness of farmer rice varieties (oryza glaberrima and o. sativa) in west africa. our experiments in five west african countries showed that farmer varieties were tolerant of sub-optimal conditions, but employed a range of strategies to cope with stress. varieties belonging to the species oryza glaberrima - solely the product of farmer agency - were the most successful in adapting to a range of adverse conditions. some of the farmer selections from within the ... | 2013 | 23536754 |
| heterotrimeric g protein signalling in the plant kingdom. | in animals, heterotrimeric g proteins, comprising α-, β-and γ-subunits, perceive extracellular stimuli through cell surface receptors, and transmit signals to ion channels, enzymes and other effector proteins to affect numerous cellular behaviours. in plants, g proteins have structural similarities to the corresponding molecules in animals but transmit signals by atypical mechanisms and effector proteins to control growth, cell proliferation, defence, stomate movements, channel regulation, sugar ... | 2013 | 23536550 |
| methionine salvage and s-adenosylmethionine: essential links between sulfur, ethylene and polyamine biosynthesis. | both met (methionine) and sam (s-adenosylmethionine), the activated form of met, participate in a number of essential metabolic pathways in plants. the subcellular compartmentalization of met fluxes will be discussed in the present review with respect to regulation and communication with the sulfur assimilation pathway, the network of the aspartate-derived amino acids and the demand for production of sam. sam enters the ethylene, nicotianamine and polyamine biosynthetic pathways and provides the ... | 2013 | 23535167 |
| interactive regulation of nitrogen and aluminum in rice. | despite many studies on the high aluminum (al) tolerance of rice (oryza sativa), its exact mechanisms remain largely unknown. it is also unclear why al improves growth of some plants. our research on interactions between nitrogen (n) and al may help to understand these phenomena. previously, we found that ammonium-supplemented rice was more al tolerant than nitrate-supplemented rice. furthermore, al-tolerant rice varieties preferred ammonium, while al-sensitive ones preferred nitrate; in fact, a ... | 2013 | 23531694 |
| patterns and evolution of acgt repeat cis-element landscape across four plant genomes. | transcription factor binding is regulated by several interactions, primarily involving cis-element binding. these binding sites maintain specificity by means of their sequence, and other additional factors such as inter-motif distance and spacer specificity. the acgt core sequence has been established as a functionally important cis-element which frequently regulates gene expression in synergy with other cis-elements. in this study, we used two monocotyledonous - oryza sativa and sorghum bicolor ... | 2013 | 23530833 |
| silicon decreases chloride transport in rice (oryza sativa l.) in saline conditions. | silicon can alleviate salt damage to plants, although the mechanism(s) still remains to be elucidated. in this paper, we report the effect of silicon on chloride transport in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings in saline conditions. in the absence of salinity, silicon enhanced the growth of shoots, but not roots in three cultivars (cv. gr4, ir36, and csr10). salinity reduced the growth of both shoots and roots in all three genotypes. in saline conditions, addition of silicon to the culture solution ... | 2013 | 23523465 |
| transcriptional suppression of tryptamine 5-hydroxylase, a terminal serotonin biosynthetic gene, induces melatonin biosynthesis in rice (oryza sativa l.). | rice tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (t5h) is the second enzyme in melatonin biosynthesis, catalyzing tryptamine into serotonin. transgenic rice plants, in which the expression of endogenous t5h was either overexpressed or repressed, were examined for alteration in melatonin biosynthesis. unexpectedly, the overexpression genotypes showed reduced levels of melatonin, while the repression genotypes had elevated levels with an average increase of fourfold. with regard to melatonin intermediates, tryptamin ... | 2013 | 23521226 |
| homologous expression of cytosolic dehydroascorbate reductase increases grain yield and biomass under paddy field conditions in transgenic rice (oryza sativa l. japonica). | dehydroascorbate reductase (dhar, ec 1.8.5.1) maintains redox pools of ascorbate (asa) by recycling oxidized asa to reduced asa. to investigate whether dhar affects rice yield under normal environmental conditions, cdna-encoding dhar (osdhar1) was isolated from rice and used to develop osdhar1-overexpressing transgenic rice plants, under the regulation of a maize ubiquitin promoter. incorporation and expression of the transgene in transgenic rice plants was confirmed by genomic polymerase chain ... | 2013 | 23519921 |
| the plant-unique cis-element that mediates signaling from multiple endoplasmic reticulum stress sensors. | the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the er lumen induces intracellular signaling mediated by the er stress sensor protein ire1. our recent study identified a new common cis-element of er stress-responsive genes (such as rice bip paralogs and wrky45) that were regulated via an ire1-dependent pathway. er stress-responsive cis-elements had been expected to be conserved between plants and mammals. however, contrary to expectations, sequences of the plant cis-element, pupre-ii, were not identica ... | 2013 | 23518586 |
| global analysis of ankyrin repeat domain c3hc4-type ring finger gene family in plants. | ankyrin repeat (ank) c3hc4-type ring finger (rf) genes comprise a large family in plants and play important roles in various physiological processes of plant life. in this study, we identified 187 ank c3hc4-type rf proteins from 29 species with complete genomes and named the ank c3hc4-type rf proteins the xb3-like proteins because they are structurally related to the rice (oryza sativa) xb3. a phylogenetic relationship analysis suggested that the xb3-like genes originated from ferns, and the enc ... | 2013 | 23516424 |
| orthorbh: a streamlined pipeline for mining large gene family sequences in related species. | : plant and animal genomes are replete with large gene families, making the task of ortholog identification difficult and labor intensive. orthorbh is an automated reciprocal blast pipeline tool enabling the rapid identification of specific gene families of interest in related species, streamlining the collection of homologs prior to downstream molecular evolutionary analysis. the efficacy of orthorbh is demonstrated with the identification of the 13-member pyr/pyl/rcar gene family in hordeum vu ... | 2013 | 23515897 |
| in silico comparative analysis and expression profile of antioxidant proteins in plants. | the antioxidant system in plants is a very important defensive mechanism to overcome stress conditions. we examined the expression profile of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and ascorbate peroxidase (apx) using a bioinformatics approach. we explored secondary structure prediction and made detailed studies of signature pattern of antioxidant proteins in four plant species (triticum aestivum, arabidopsis thaliana, oryza sativa, and brassica juncea). fingerprinting an ... | 2013 | 23512671 |
| a comparative study of competitiveness between different genotypes of weedy rice (oryza sativa) and cultivated rice. | competition from weedy rice can cause serious yield losses to cultivated rice. however, key traits that facilitate competitiveness are still not well understood. to explore the mechanisms behind the strong growth and competitive ability, replacement series experiments were established with six genotypes of weedy rice from different regions and one cultivated rice cultivar. | 2014 | 23512472 |
| identification of differential expression genes in leaves of rice (oryza sativa l.) in response to heat stress by cdna-aflp analysis. | high temperature impedes the growth and productivity of various crop species. to date, rice (oryza sativa l.) has not been exploited to understand the molecular basis of its abnormally high level of temperature tolerance. to identify transcripts induced by heat stress, twenty-day-old rice seedlings of different rice cultivars suffering from heat stress were treated at different times, and differential gene expression analyses in leaves were performed by cdna-aflp and further verified by real-tim ... | 2013 | 23509744 |
| cytosolic glutamine synthetase1;2 is responsible for the primary assimilation of ammonium in rice roots. | among three genes for cytosolic glutamine synthetase (osgs1;1, osgs1;2 and osgs1;3) in rice (oryza sativa l.) plants, the osgs1;2 gene is known to be mainly expressed in surface cells of roots, but its function was not clearly understood. we characterized knock-out mutants caused by the insertion of an endogenous retrotransposon tos17 into exon 2 of osgs1;2. homozygously inserted mutants showed severe reduction in active tiller number and hence panicle number at harvest. other yield components, ... | 2013 | 23509111 |
| grass cell wall feruloylation: distribution of bound ferulate and candidate gene expression in brachypodium distachyon. | the cell walls of grasses such as wheat, maize, rice, and sugar cane, contain large amounts of ferulate that is ester-linked to the cell wall polysaccharide glucuronoarabinoxylan (gax). this ferulate is considered to limit the digestibility of polysaccharide in grass biomass as it forms covalent linkages between polysaccharide and lignin components. candidate genes within a grass-specific clade of the bahd acyl-coa transferase superfamily have been identified as being responsible for the ester l ... | 2013 | 23508643 |
| proteomics of rice grain under high temperature stress. | recent proteomic analyses revealed dynamic changes of metabolisms during rice grain development. interestingly, proteins involved in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, lipid metabolism, and proteolysis were accumulated at higher levels in mature grain than those of developing stages. high temperature (ht) stress in rice ripening period causes damaged (chalky) grains which have loosely packed round shape starch granules. the ht stress response on protein expression is complicated, and the molecular m ... | 2013 | 23508632 |
| polycomb group gene osfie2 regulates rice (oryza sativa) seed development and grain filling via a mechanism distinct from arabidopsis. | cereal endosperm represents 60% of the calories consumed by human beings worldwide. in addition, cereals also serve as the primary feedstock for livestock. however, the regulatory mechanism of cereal endosperm and seed development is largely unknown. polycomb complex has been shown to play a key role in the regulation of endosperm development in arabidopsis, but its role in cereal endosperm development remains obscure. additionally, the enzyme activities of the polycomb complexes have not been d ... | 0 | 23505380 |
| sub1a-mediated submergence tolerance response in rice involves differential regulation of the brassinosteroid pathway. | · submergence 1a (sub1a), is an ethylene response factor (erf) that confers submergence tolerance in rice (oryza sativa) via limiting shoot elongation during the inundation period. sub1a has been proposed to restrict shoot growth by modulating gibberellic acid (ga) signaling. · our transcriptome analysis indicated that sub1a differentially regulates genes associated with brassinosteroid (br) synthesis during submergence. consistent with the gene expression data, the sub1a genotype had higher bra ... | 2013 | 23496140 |
| observations on the foliar nematode, aphelenchoides besseyi, infecting tuberose and rice in india. | the foliar nematode aphelenchoides besseyi causes white tip disease in rice (oryza sativa l.) and floral malady in tuberose (polianthes tuberosa l.). this nematode is widely distributed in the rice fields of many states of india, including west bengal (wb), andhra pradesh (ap), madhya pradesh (mp) and gujarat (gt). in order to generate information on intraspecific variations of a. besseyi as well as to confirm the identity of the nematode species infecting these important crops, morphological ob ... | 2012 | 23482906 |
| characterization and mapping of a salt-sensitive mutant in rice (oryza sativa l.). | a salt-sensitive mutant designated rice salt sensitive 2 (rss2) was isolated from the m2 generation of the rice cultivar nipponbare mutagenized with ethyl methanesulfonate (ems). this mutant exhibited a greater decrease in salt tolerance with a significant increase in na(+) content in its shoots. genetic analysis indicated that the increase in na(+) in rss2 was controlled by a single recessive gene. further genome-wide analysis of the linkage map constructed from the f2 population of rss2/zhaiye ... | 2013 | 23480486 |
| a radiation hybrid map of chromosome 1d reveals synteny conservation at a wheat speciation locus. | the species cytoplasm specific (scs) genes affect nuclear-cytoplasmic interactions in interspecific hybrids. a radiation hybrid (rh) mapping population of 188 individuals was employed to refine the location of the scs (ae) locus on triticum aestivum chromosome 1d. "wheat zapper," a comparative genomics tool, was used to predict synteny between wheat chromosome 1d, oryza sativa, brachypodium distachyon, and sorghum bicolor. a total of 57 markers were developed based on synteny or literature and g ... | 2013 | 23479086 |
| salicylic acid alleviates aluminum toxicity in rice seedlings better than magnesium and calcium by reducing aluminum uptake, suppressing oxidative damage and increasing antioxidative defense. | aluminum toxicity is a major constraint to crop production in acid soils. the present study was undertaken to examine the comparative ameliorating effects of salicylic acid, ca and mg on al toxicity in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings grown in hydroponics. al treatment (0.5 mm alcl3) caused decrease in plant vigour, loss of root plasma membrane integrity, increased contents of o 2 (∙-) , h2o2, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls and decline in the level of protein thiol. al treatment caused si ... | 2013 | 23479061 |
| structure and function of florigen and the receptor complex. | in the 1930s, the flowering hormone, florigen, was proposed to be synthesized in leaves under inductive day length and transported to the shoot apex, where it induces flowering. more recently, generated genetic and biochemical data suggest that florigen is a protein encoded by the gene, flowering locus t (ft). a rice (oryza sativa) ft homolog, hd3a, interacts with the rice fd homolog, osfd1, via a 14-3-3 protein. formation of this tri-protein complex is essential for flowering promotion by hd3a ... | 2013 | 23477923 |
| paraquat resistant1, a golgi-localized putative transporter protein, is involved in intracellular transport of paraquat. | paraquat is one of the most widely used herbicides worldwide. in green plants, paraquat targets the chloroplast by transferring electrons from photosystem i to molecular oxygen to generate toxic reactive oxygen species, which efficiently induce membrane damage and cell death. a number of paraquat-resistant biotypes of weeds and arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) mutants have been identified. the herbicide resistance in arabidopsis is partly attributed to a reduced uptake of paraquat through plas ... | 2013 | 23471133 |
| model for evaluation of the phytoavailability of chromium (cr) to rice (oryza sativa l.) in representative chinese soils. | anthropogenic chromium (cr) pollution in soils poses a great threat to human health through the food chain. it is imperative to understand cr phytoavailability to rice (oryza sativa l.), which is a major staple food crop for the largest population of people on earth. this study was aimed to establish a model for evaluation of the phytoavailability of cr to rice in six representative chinese soils based on soil properties. simple correlation analysis indicated that cr concentration in polished ri ... | 2013 | 23469834 |
| identification and expression analysis of micrornas at the grain filling stage in rice(oryza sativa l.)via deep sequencing. | micrornas (mirnas) have been shown to play crucial roles in the regulation of plant development. in this study, high-throughput rna-sequencing technology was used to identify novel mirnas, and to reveal mirnas expression patterns at different developmental stages during rice (oryza sativa l.) grain filling. a total of 434 known mirnas (380, 402, 390 and 392 at 5, 7, 12 and 17 days after fertilization, respectively.) were obtained from rice grain. the expression profiles of these identified mirna ... | 2013 | 23469249 |
| analysis of the expression of the agl17-like clade of mads-box transcription factors in rice. | in plants, mads-box transcription factors are key regulators of floral and fruit development, organ dehiscence and stress responses. nevertheless, the functions of most of them are still unknown. in arabidopsis thaliana, the agl17-like clade of mads-box transcription factors comprises four members. agl17 is involved in floral induction, whereas agl44/anr1 is involved in the adaptive development of roots in response to nitrate. agl21 is primarily expressed in the roots and agl16 in the leaves, su ... | 2015 | 23466806 |
| ontogenetic changes in vitamin c in selected rice varieties. | vitamin c (l-ascorbic acid) is a key antioxidant for both plants and animals. in plants, ascorbate is involved in several key physiological processes including photosynthesis, cell expansion and division, growth, flowering, and senescence. in addition, ascorbate is an enzyme cofactor and a regulator of gene expression. during exposure to abiotic stresses, ascorbate counteracts excessive reactive oxygen species within the cell and protects key molecules, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic ac ... | 2013 | 23466746 |
| biogenesis and function of rice small rnas from non-coding rna precursors. | non-coding rnas, especially small rnas, play important roles in many biological processes. several small rna types, including micrornas (mirnas) and small interfering rnas (sirnas), are well-described in rice (oryza sativa), although much remains to be learned about their function. many small rnas along with their targets have been characterized with deep sequencing technologies. some special classes of these small rnas have been found to be unique to rice or within the larger group of grasses. ... | 2013 | 23466255 |
| empty pericarp5 encodes a pentatricopeptide repeat protein that is required for mitochondrial rna editing and seed development in maize. | in flowering plants, rna editing is a posttranscriptional mechanism that converts specific cytidines to uridines in both mitochondrial and plastidial transcripts, altering the information encoded by these genes. here, we report the molecular characterization of the empty pericarp5 (emp5) mutants in maize (zea mays). null mutation of emp5 results in abortion of embryo and endosperm development at early stages. emp5 encodes a mitochondrion-targeted dyw subgroup pentatricopeptide repeat (ppr) prote ... | 2013 | 23463776 |
| genomic distribution of maize facultative heterochromatin marked by trimethylation of h3k27. | trimethylation of histone h3 lys-27 (h3k27me3) plays a critical role in regulating gene expression during plant and animal development. we characterized the genome-wide distribution of h3k27me3 in five developmentally distinct tissues in maize (zea mays) plants of two genetic backgrounds, b73 and mo17. there were more substantial differences in the genome-wide profile of h3k27me3 between different tissues than between the two genotypes. the tissue-specific patterns of h3k27me3 were often associa ... | 2013 | 23463775 |
| k+ efflux and retention in response to nacl stress do not predict salt tolerance in contrasting genotypes of rice (oryza sativa l.). | sudden elevations in external sodium chloride (nacl) accelerate potassium (k(+)) efflux across the plasma membrane of plant root cells. it has been proposed that the extent of this acceleration can predict salt tolerance among contrasting cultivars. however, this proposal has not been considered in the context of plant nutritional history, nor has it been explored in rice (oryza sativa l.), which stands among the world's most important and salt-sensitive crop species. using efflux analysis with ... | 2013 | 23460903 |
| ossndp1, a sec14-nodulin domain-containing protein, plays a critical role in root hair elongation in rice. | rice is cultivated in water-logged paddy lands. thus, rice root hairs on the epidermal layers are exposed to a different redox status of nitrogen species, organic acids, and metal ions than root hairs growing in drained soil. to identify genes that play an important role in root hair growth, a forward genetics approach was used to screen for short-root-hair mutants. a short-root-hair mutant was identified and isolated by using map-based cloning and sequencing. the mutation arose from a single am ... | 2013 | 23456248 |
| a desd-box helicase functions in salinity stress tolerance by improving photosynthesis and antioxidant machinery in rice (oryza sativa l. cv. pb1). | the exact mechanism of helicase-mediated salinity tolerance is not yet understood. we have isolated a desd-box containing cdna from pisum sativum (pea) and named it as pdh45. it is a unique member of dead-box helicase family; containing desd instead of dead/h. pdh45 overexpression driven by constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus-35s promoter in rice transgenic [oryza sativa l. cv. pusa basmati 1 (pb1)] plants confers salinity tolerance by improving the photosynthesis and antioxidant machinery. th ... | 2013 | 23456247 |