Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| surfactant protein a binds to the fusion glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus and neutralizes virion infectivity. | collectins are a family of calcium-dependent collagenous lectins that appear to be important in innate host defense. we investigated the ability of three human collectins, namely, lung surfactant proteins a (sp-a) and d (sp-d) and the serum mannose-binding protein (mbp), to bind to the surface glycoproteins of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). sp-a was shown to bind to the f (fusion) glycoprotein but not to the viral g (attachment) glycoprotein, and binding was completely abrogated in the prese ... | 1999 | 10558959 |
| a recombinant trimeric surfactant protein d carbohydrate recognition domain inhibits respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro and in vivo. | the pulmonary collectin, lung surfactant protein d (sp-d), plays a role in host defense mediated by the interaction of surface carbohydrates of inhaled pathogens with the lectin domains of sp-d. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the most important viral pathogen of neonates and infants, encodes a highly glycosylated attachment protein, g. binding studies were performed with g protein from rsv (human, a2 strain) and both native and recombinant human sp-d. the effect of recombinant trimeric sp-d ... | 1999 | 10556802 |
| transfer of the enhancing effect of respiratory syncytial virus infection on subsequent allergic airway sensitization by t lymphocytes. | in mice, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection enhances allergic airway sensitization, resulting in lung eosinophilia and in airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr). the mechanisms by which rsv contributes to development of asthma and its effects on allergic airway sensitization in mice are not known. we tested whether these consequences of rsv infection can be adoptively transferred by t cells and whether depletion of t cell subsets prevents the effects of rsv infection on subsequent airway sens ... | 1999 | 10553105 |
| rational design of live-attenuated recombinant vaccine virus for human respiratory syncytial virus by reverse genetics. | rsv is a major cause of pediatric respiratory tract disease worldwide, but a vaccine is not yet available. it is now possible to prepare live infectious rsv completely from cdna. this provides a method for introducing defined mutations into infectious virus, making possible the rational design of a live-attenuated vaccine virus for intranasal administration. this is particularly important for rsv, for which achieving the appropriate balance between attenuation and immunogenicity by conventional ... | 1999 | 10547682 |
| new molecular bioassays for the estimation of the teratogenic potency of valproic acid derivatives in vitro: activation of the peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor (ppardelta). | therapy with the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (2-propylpentanoic acid, vpa) during early pregnancy can cause teratogenic effects (neural tube defects) in humans and in mice. vpa and a teratogenic derivative specifically induce differentiation of f9 teratocarcinoma cells and activate ppardelta. we have now studied structure-activity relationships of 11 vpa-related compounds by quantitatively comparing their teratogenic potency with their effects in the two novel in vitro systems. based on the ... | 1999 | 10544058 |
| expression and characterisation of the ovine respiratory syncytial virus (orsv) g protein for use as a diagnostic reagent. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe lower respiratory tract infection in children and calves. antibodies to ovine rsv (orsv) are common in sheep, but the clinical disease is not well defined. there is no report of orsv infection in australian sheep although respiratory distress syndrome has been described. this discrepancy may be due to the lack of a suitable diagnostic test. in this report, we have characterised the orsv g protein in an attempt to study its relatedness to human and ... | 1999 | 10543382 |
| combining dna and protein vaccines for early life immunization against respiratory syncytial virus in mice. | early life responses to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-f dna and rsv-f protein immunization were studied in murine models of neonatal immunization. rsv-f dna induced similar antibody (ab) responses, antigen-specific ifn-gamma production and cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) responses in 1-week-old and adult balb / c mice. in contrast, rsv-f protein induced much higher il-5 responses in early life. both vaccines elicited ab and ctl responses in spite of maternal ab, but with distinctive kinetics. s ... | 1999 | 10540351 |
| imaging adenoviral-mediated herpes virus thymidine kinase gene transfer and expression in vivo. | the feasibility of noninvasive imaging of adenoviral-mediated herpes virus type one thymidine kinase (hsv1-tk) gene transfer and expression was assessed in a well-studied animal model of metastatic colon carcinoma of the liver. tumors were produced in syngeneic balb/c mice by intrahepatic injection of colon carcinoma cells (mca-26). seven days later, three different doses (3 x 10(8), 1 x 10(8), and 3 x 10(7) plaque-forming units (pfu) of the recombinant adenoviral vector adv. rous sarcoma virus ... | 1999 | 10537296 |
| bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among us children, 1980-1996. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes more lower respiratory tract infections, often manifested as bronchiolitis, among young children than any other pathogen. few national estimates exist of the hospitalizations attributable to rsv, and recent advances in prophylaxis warrant an update of these estimates. | 1999 | 10535434 |
| respiratory viruses in adult liver transplant recipients. | the contribution of respiratory viruses to respiratory disease in adult liver transplant (lt) recipients has not been studied. we performed a prospective audit to document the incidence of respiratory syncytial viruses ([rsvs], parainfluenza virus, influenza virus, and adenovirus) after lt, and to determine their contribution to respiratory disease in this setting. | 1999 | 10532538 |
| variable morbidity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in patients with underlying lung disease: a review of the picnic rsv database. pediatric investigators collaborative network on infections in canada. | we wished to compare outcomes of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) with those with other pulmonary disorders: cystic fibrosis, recurrent aspiration pneumonitis, pulmonary malformation, neurogenic disorders interfering with pulmonary toilet, and tracheoesophageal fistula. | 1999 | 10530581 |
| production and design of more effective avian replication-incompetent retroviral vectors. | retroviral vectors have been invaluable tools for studies of development in vertebrates. their use has been somewhat constrained, however, by the low viral titers typically obtained with replication-incompetent vectors, particularly of the avian type. we have addressed this problem in several ways. we optimized the transient production of avian replication-incompetent viruses in a series of cell lines. one of the optimal cell lines was the mammalian line 293t, which was surprising in light of pr ... | 1999 | 10525341 |
| intranasal ifn-gamma gene transfer protects balb/c mice against respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major respiratory pathogen in infants, young children and the elderly and causes severe bronchiolitis and asthma. in an effort to develop a preventive ifn-gamma therapy against rsv infection, an intranasal gene transfer strategy was utilized. intranasal administration of a plasmid expressing the ifn-gamma cdna (pifn-gamma) resulted in the expression of ifn-gamma in murine lungs and decreased rsv replication. the mice administered with pifn-gamma and then in ... | 1999 | 10519947 |
| priming and boosting immunity to respiratory syncytial virus by recombinant replication-defective vaccinia virus mva. | intranasal and intramuscular immunizations of mice with the highly attenuated mva strain of vaccinia virus expressing the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) f or g glycoprotein induced higher rsv antibody titers than those achieved by infection with rsv and greatly restricted the replication of rs challenge virus in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts. in addition, a recombinant mva expressing both rsv f and g was stable and was as immunogenic as a combination of two single recombinant vi ... | 1999 | 10519927 |
| the fluctuating pattern of various genome types of respiratory syncytial virus in copenhagen and some other locations in denmark. | a semi-nested rt-pcr method based on a region of the f and g glycoprotein genes was established, allowing the simultaneous detection and differentiation of group a and group b isolates of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the pcr products were subjected to digestion with restriction endonucleases to further differentiate the isolates. using, in addition, previously reported studies the prevalence of various genome types in the copenhagen region over a period of 6 years was established. furtherm ... | 1999 | 10519320 |
| respiratory syncytial virus upregulates expression of the substance p receptor in rat lungs. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major respiratory pathogen in infants. the first goal of this study was to determine whether the infection following endotracheal inoculation of rsv in fischer 344 rats results in increased inflammatory responses to substance p (sp) either released by capsaicin from sensory nerves or injected into the circulation. five days after inoculation, the extravasation of evans blue-labeled albumin after capsaicin or sp was significantly greater in rsv-infected airw ... | 1999 | 10516226 |
| interleukin-4 diminishes cd8(+) respiratory syncytial virus-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte activity in vivo. | although interleukin-4 (il-4) has been implicated in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-enhanced disease, the mechanism by which it modulates immune responses to primary rsv infection remains unclear. we have developed a system to investigate the effect of il-4 on rsv epitope-specific cytotoxic t-lymphocyte (ctl) effector function in vivo, using an h-2k(d)-restricted rsv m2 epitope. balb/c mice were infected with recombinant vaccinia virus (rvv) constructed to express rsv m2 protein (vvm2) alone ... | 1999 | 10515999 |
| reduced interferon-gamma expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus disease. | we examined the in vivo cell-mediated immune response in infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in order to gain information about the pathogenesis of severe rsv disease in infancy. semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and three-color flow cytometry were used to determine the levels of messenger rna (mrna) for interferon (ifn)-gamma in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the distribution of lymphocyte subsets in infants with acute rsv infection. ... | 1999 | 10508817 |
| differential effects of respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus on mononuclear cell cytokine responses. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and adenovirus (advs) serotype 3 (adv3) and 7h (adv7h) are associated with mild to severe respiratory infection and are indistinguishable during the acute phases of the illnesses. however, outcome and long-term prognosis are different with both infections. rsv infection is associated with later development of asthma, and adv, mainly adv7h, with severe lung damage, bronchiectasis, and hyperlucent lung. we hypothesized that this difference could be partly due to d ... | 1999 | 10508802 |
| impact of respiratory syncytial virus infection on surgery for congenital heart disease: postoperative course and outcome. | a) to describe the postoperative course and outcome of cardiac surgery in children with recent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection; and b) to evaluate whether timing of surgery has any impact on the outcome. | 1999 | 10507627 |
| rehospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus among premature infants. | new interventions to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have recently become available. clinical decisions about the use of these interventions require a better understanding of the incidence of and risk factors for rsv. we sought to characterize the epidemiology of severe rsv disease among premature infants and to identify high-risk subgroups. | 1999 | 10506231 |
| efficacy and safety analyses of a recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 derived vector system. | lentiviruses infect both dividing and nondividing cells. in this study we characterized a lentiviral vector system consisting of a packaging vector (php) and a transducing vector (ptv) derived from a recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1). in php, the long terminal repeats (ltrs), the 5' untranslated leader and portions of the env and nef genes were deleted. the leader sequence of php was substituted with a modified rous sarcoma virus (rsv) 59 bp leader containing a mutated rsv ... | 1999 | 10505094 |
| prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus in premature infants. | postconceptional age was studied in 33 mechanically ventilated preterm infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. preterm infants without chronic lung disease had an increased risk of severe rsv infection until a postconceptional age of 44 weeks. | 1999 | 10501371 |
| the m2-2 protein of human respiratory syncytial virus is a regulatory factor involved in the balance between rna replication and transcription. | the m2 mrna of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) contains two overlapping orfs, encoding the transcription antitermination protein (m2-1) and the 90-aa m2-2 protein of unknown function. viable recombinant rsv was recovered in which expression of m2-2 was ablated, identifying it as an accessory factor dispensable for growth in vitro. virus lacking m2-2 grew less efficiently than did the wild-type parent in vitro, with titers that were reduced 1, 000-fold during the initial 2-5 days and 10-f ... | 1999 | 10500164 |
| isolation and characterization of rous sarcoma virus recombinant reverse transcriptase dimers. | reverse transcriptase (rt) preparations containing various molecular forms of the enzyme consisting of alpha- and/or beta-subunits have been isolated from e. coli cells transformed with plasmid pmf14 containing the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) pol gene. the three possible dimeric forms of the enzyme demonstrated dna polymerase activity, the relative activities of the alphaalpha, betabeta, and alphabeta forms being about 1:3:4. rnase h activity is associated with the betabeta and alphabeta dimers but ... | 1999 | 10498811 |
| respiratory syncytial virus strain a2 is resistant to the antiviral effects of type i interferons and human mxa. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) belongs to paramyxoviridae family of enveloped negative-strand rna viruses and causes severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia in children younger than 2 years of age. as members of paramyxoviridae family, rsv and parainfluenza type 3 (piv3) have similar modes of infection and replication. a variety of negative-strand rna virus infections, including that of piv3, are inhibited by human mxa protein, a type i interferon (ifn)-inducible gtpase. we tested whether the mxa ... | 1999 | 10497108 |
| decreased interleukin-12 levels in umbilical cord blood in children who developed acute bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is common in young children, but only a few develop severe bronchiolitis. the relationship between bronchiolitis, asthma, and atopy has been debated for a long time, but the pathogenesis of wheezing remains unclear. a th1 and th2-type lymphocyte imbalance seems to be involved in asthma and atopic disease. serum interleukin-12 (il-12), il-10, and soluble cd30 (scd30) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in 23 cord blood samp ... | 1999 | 10495333 |
| exposure to urban air particulates alters the macrophage-mediated inflammatory response to respiratory viral infection. | epidemiology studies associate increased pulmonary morbidity with episodes of high particulate air pollution (size range 0.1-10 microm diameter, pm10). pneumonia, often viral in origin, is increased following episodes of high pm10 pollution. therefore, this study was undertaken to investigate how pm10 alters airway inflammatory responses to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a frequent cause of viral pneumonia in infants and the elderly. supernatants of unexposed and pm10-exposed alveolar macrop ... | 1999 | 10494914 |
| pre-emptive use of aerosolized ribavirin in the treatment of asymptomatic pediatric marrow transplant patients testing positive for rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus is a common virus which frequently causes severe lower tract disease in immunocompromised patients. the mortality rate in bone marrow transplant patients with lower tract disease varies from 31% to 100%, depending upon the treatment used, time before initiation of treatment, and whether patients are pre- or post-engraftment. therapy with inhaled ribavirin has been used with limited success in decreasing mortality rate. because of concern about conversion from upper re ... | 1999 | 10490733 |
| peripheral blood cytokine responses and disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | the role of cellular immunity in disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis is largely unknown. this study investigated the association between disease severity and systemic cytokine responses in hospitalized ventilated and nonventilated rsv bronchiolitis patients. in whole blood cultures stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin (pha), lymphoproliferative responses and interferon (ifn)-gamma and interleukin (il)-4 production during acute illness were measured. in addition, pl ... | 1999 | 10489842 |
| il-8 and neutrophil elastase levels in the respiratory tract of infants with rsv bronchiolitis. | the aim of this study was to determine whether interleukin (il)-8 is released within the upper respiratory tract of infants during respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis and whether the large number of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmns) present in the respiratory tract of these infants are contributing to the inflammation through release of inflammatory mediators. twenty-seven infants with acute bronchiolitis were recruited during one winter epidemic and 20 infant control subjects wer ... | 1999 | 10489841 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in young malaysian children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important agent causing respiratory illness in the young paediatric age group. | 1999 | 10489491 |
| diagnosis of respiratory tract viruses in 24 h by immunofluorescent staining of shell vial cultures containing madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells. | nine hundred and seventy-eight clinical specimens were examined taken from patients with respiratory tract viruses (rv)-like syndrome between november 1996 and july 1998. the study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of centrifuge-enhanced shell vial cultures (svc) containing madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells, combined with immunofluorescent (if) staining in 24 h. this technique rapidly detects and identifies respiratory tract viruses. the conventional tube culture system with mult ... | 1999 | 10488764 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), long recognised as the major viral pathogen of the lower respiratory tract of infants, has also been implicated in severe lung disease in adults, especially the elderly. this fact, and the demonstration that passive prophylaxis with either polyclonal or monoclonal antibody to rsv prevents severe lung disease in high-risk infants and children, has led to renewed interest in the immune mechanisms surrounding protection, and the development of vaccines | 1999 | 10485741 |
| non-influenza respiratory viruses may overlap and obscure influenza activity. | to report the number and timing of influenza a isolates, as well as overlapping respiratory viruses. co-circulating respiratory viruses may obscure the determination of influenza activity. | 1999 | 10484251 |
| prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection: rsv immune globulin intravenous and palivizumab. (american academy of pediatrics)]. | 1999 | 10483596 | |
| patients with multiple myeloma may safely undergo autologous transplantation despite ongoing rsv infection and no ribavirin therapy. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been reported as a cause of death among autologous peripheral blood stem cell (asct) and marrow recipients and recommendations for therapy with aerosolized ribavirin plus intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) made. this therapy is expensive, may be toxic, and causes a significant disruption of patient care. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the morbidity and mortality of rsv infections in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing asct without ribavirin t ... | 1999 | 10482934 |
| secreted respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein induces interleukin-5 (il-5), il-13, and eosinophilia by an il-4-independent mechanism. | the attachment glycoprotein g of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is produced as both membrane-anchored and secreted forms by infected cells. immunization with secreted rsv g (gs) or formalin-inactivated alumprecipitated rsv (fi-rsv) predisposes mice to immune responses involving a th2 cell phenotype which results in more severe illness and pathology, decreased viral clearance, and increased pulmonary eosinophilia upon subsequent rsv challenge. these responses are associated with increased inte ... | 1999 | 10482601 |
| casein kinase 2-mediated phosphorylation of respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein p is essential for the transcription elongation activity of the viral polymerase; phosphorylation by casein kinase 1 occurs mainly at ser(215) and is without effect. | the major site of in vitro phosphorylation by casein kinase 2 (ck2) was the conserved ser(232) in the p proteins of human, bovine, and ovine strains of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). enzymatic removal of this phosphate group from the p protein instantly halted transcription elongation in vitro. transcription reconstituted in the absence of p protein or in the presence of phosphate-free p protein produced abortive initiation products but no full-length transcripts. a recombinant p protein in ... | 1999 | 10482589 |
| focus on preparation for rsv season. | the purpose of this article is to describe one institution's successful program to deal with the many challenges incurred by a pediatric service during the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) season. rsv is a winter phenomenon that appears each year in communities across the globe and results in up to a 60% increase in admissions to children's hospitals and pediatric units. this increase places a huge demand on healthcare institutions, for the census and intensity of illness requires additional qu ... | 1999 | 10479805 |
| passive iga monoclonal antibody is no more effective than igg at protecting mice from mucosal challenge with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a mucosally restricted pathogen that can cause severe respiratory disease. although parenteral administration of sufficient rsv-specific igg can reduce severity of lower respiratory tract infection in high-risk infants, delivery of antibody by direct airway administration is an attractive alternative. topical and parenteral administration of an iga monoclonal antibody (mab) specific for the rsv f glycoprotein was compared with an igg mab, specific for the sam ... | 1999 | 10479165 |
| the influence of prematurity and low birthweight on transplacental antibody transfer in sri lanka. | the influence of gestational age, the neonate's birthweight, and maternal age, weight, height and parity on transplacental antibody transfer was assessed in 141 mothers from sri lanka and their neonates. paired blood samples were collected from the mothers and the umbilical cords of the newborns. the sera separated from these samples were categorized as: preterm but adequate birthweight (< 37 weeks' gestation and birthweight > or = 2500 g); term but low birthweight (> or = 37 weeks' gestation an ... | 1999 | 10474642 |
| soluble rous sarcoma virus reverse transcriptases alpha, alphabeta, and beta purified from insect cells are processive dna polymerases that lack an rnase h 3' --> 5' directed processing activity. | reverse transcriptase (rt) isolated from rous sarcoma virus (rsv) consists of heterodimeric rtalphabeta, rtalpha, and rtbeta. the alpha subunit (63 kda) contains an n-terminal polymerase and a c-terminal rnase h domain. the n terminus of beta (95 kda) corresponds to alpha with the integrase domain attached to the c terminus (32 kda). we have constructed baculoviruses expressing the genes for alpha or beta or the entire pol (99 kda). infection of insect cells with recombinant virus yielded highly ... | 1999 | 10473589 |
| palivizumab. | the humanised monoclonal antibody palivizumab has been developed for prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in infants at high risk; rsv is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants. palivizumab specifically inhibits an epitope at the a antigenic site of the f protein of rsv subtypes a and b. rsv replication was inhibited in nasal and tracheal aspirates from infants receiving palivizumab 15 mg/kg. mean 30-day ... | 1999 | 10473022 |
| ribavirin in ventilated respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. | we undertook a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to resolve the question of the clinical effectiveness of ribavirin in previously well infants who require ventilation for respiratory distress secondary to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. aerosol ribavirin or nacl 0.9% was administered within 24 h of initiation of ventilation, 18 h/d, for a maximum of 7 d or until extubation. from march 1994 to march 1997, 42 children were randomized and 41 patients were retained ... | 1999 | 10471604 |
| respiratory syncytial and other virus infections in persons with chronic cardiopulmonary disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been increasingly recognized as an important cause of serious respiratory illness in some adult populations, including those with underlying cardiopulmonary diseases. however, the precise incidence and the clinical impact of rsv in this group are unknown. therefore, the incidence and clinical impact of rsv infection in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and congestive heart failure (chf) who reside in the community were prospectively e ... | 1999 | 10471598 |
| respiratory syncytial virus in early life and risk of wheeze and allergy by age 13 years. | the relation between lower respiratory tract illnesses in early life caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and the subsequent development of wheezing and atopy in childhood is not well understood. we studied this relation in children who had lower respiratory tract illnesses that occurred before 3 years of age. | 1999 | 10470697 |
| predicting deterioration in previously healthy infants hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | to estimate the incidence of clinical deterioration leading to intensive care unit transfer in previously healthy infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection hospitalized on a general pediatric unit and, to assess the hypothesis that history, physical examination, oximetry, and chest radiographic findings at time of presentation can accurately identify these infants. | 1999 | 10469770 |
| cost-effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis among preterm infants. | to evaluate the costs and benefits of two new agents, respiratory syncytial virus immune globulin (rsvig) and palivizumab, to prevent respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection among premature infants discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) before the start of the rsv season. method. decision analysis was used to compare the projected societal cost-effectiveness of three strategies-rsvig, palivizumab, and no prophylaxis-among a hypothetical cohort of premature infants. probabili ... | 1999 | 10469764 |
| dose-dependent effects of il-12 treatment to immune response induced after immunization with a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion protein fragment. | the amino acid (aa) sequence 190-289 of the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein expressed in insect cells (bf(190-289)) has been shown to partially protect balb/c mice and to prime for a th2 cell response. we evaluated the effects of il-12 treatment during antigen priming of bf(190-289) on immune response and protective efficacy. low doses of il-12 (10 ng) reduced il-4 and il-5 secretion (but did not affect il-10 production) and decreased inflammatory signs whereas high doses of il-12 had no effects. in ... | 1999 | 10462233 |
| a colorimetric microtiter plate pcr system detects respiratory syncytial virus in nasal aspirates and discriminates subtypes a and b. | we developed a colorimetric microtiter plate (mtp) pcr system for specific detection of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) nucleocapsid gene and differentiation of viral subtypes a and b. of 47 pediatric nasal aspirate specimens, the sensitivity and specificity were 94.4% (17 of 18) and 100% (15 of 15), respectively, when compared with rsv cell culture isolation in hep-2 cells. an additional 14 specimens positive for adenoviruses, rhinoviruses, influenza, or parainfluenza viruses did not give ... | 1999 | 10459487 |
| comparison of respiratory syncytial virus humoral immunity and response to infection in young and elderly adults. | little information about immunity to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and disease pathogenesis in elderly persons exists. humoral immunity to rsv was assessed in 41 young, 56 healthy elderly, and 49 frail elderly adults by measuring baseline rsv specific igg by enzyme immunoassay (eia) and microneutralization assay (mna) in serum. a comparison of the immune response of 11 young and 28 elderly persons with natural rsv infection was also performed. despite significant differences in age and funct ... | 1999 | 10459160 |
| recent developments in the biology of respiratory syncytial virus: are vaccines and new treatments just round the corner? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of infantile bronchiolitis, and is an important pathogen in the elderly and in the developing world. the production of full length cdna clones now allows precise genetic engineering of rsv, while knowledge of the immunopathogenesis of augmented disease gives hope that effective vaccines will soon be developed. | 1999 | 10458984 |
| cytotoxicity of adenoviral-mediated cytosine deaminase plus 5-fluorocytosine gene therapy is superior to thymidine kinase plus acyclovir in a human renal cell carcinoma model. | an estimated 11,600 americans will die of renal cell carcinoma in 1998. the lack of effective chemotherapy or radiotherapy requires the investigation of novel treatment modalities. we compared two forms of toxic gene therapy, cytosine deaminase (cd) plus 5-fluorocytosine (5-fc) and thymidine kinase (tk) plus acyclovir (acv), in pre-clinical models of human renal cell carcinoma. | 1999 | 10458414 |
| respiratory syncytial virus stimulates neutrophil degranulation and chemokine release. | neutrophil infiltration of the airways is a common finding in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. neutrophil-derived chemokines and neutrophil granule contents can cause further inflammation, hyperresponsiveness, and damage of the airways. in this study, peripheral blood neutrophils incubated with rsv (multiplicity of infection (moi) = 10) induced il-8, macrophage inflammatory protein (mip)-1alpha, mip-1beta, and myeloperoxidase (mpo) release. in contrast, lps induced only chemokine ... | 1999 | 10453026 |
| the x gene of hepatitis b virus shows a high level stimulation of the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat in the methylotropic yeast, pichia pastoris. | in order to study the transactivational property of the x gene in the methylotropic yeast pichia pastoris, a rous sarcoma virus-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (rsv-cat) cassette was co-transformed and integrated into the host yeast strain as a reporter which showed an overwhelming cat activity. immunoprecipitation of the yeast cell extracts with an x-specific monoclonal antibody, however, showed a low level expression of the x gene. therefore besides a trans-effect of the x protein, the enhan ... | 1999 | 10452540 |
| rhoa interacts with the fusion glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus and facilitates virus-induced syncytium formation. | the fusion glycoprotein (f) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), which mediates membrane fusion and virus entry, was shown to bind rhoa, a small gtpase, in yeast two-hybrid interaction studies. the interaction was confirmed in vivo by mammalian two-hybrid assay and in rsv-infected hep-2 cells by coimmunoprecipitation. furthermore, the interaction of f with rhoa was confirmed in vitro by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and biomolecular interaction analysis. yeast two-hybrid interaction studies ... | 1999 | 10438814 |
| respiratory syncytial virus g and/or sh protein alters th1 cytokines, natural killer cells, and neutrophils responding to pulmonary infection in balb/c mice. | balb/c mice sensitized to vaccinia virus expressed g protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) develop a th2-type cytokine response and pulmonary eosinophilia when challenged with live rsv. in this study, balb/c mice were immunized or challenged with an rsv mutant lacking the g and sh proteins or with dna vaccines coding for rsv g or f protein. f or g protein dna vaccines were capable of sensitizing for pulmonary eosinophilia. the absence of the g and/or sh protein in the infecting virus resu ... | 1999 | 10438795 |
| vaccination with pertussis toxin alters the antibody response to simultaneous respiratory syncytial virus challenge. | many bacterial toxins, including pertussis toxin (pt), exert potent adjuvant effects on antibody synthesis to coadministered antigens. in these studies, we examined whether locally or peripherally administered pt similarly altered the antibody isotype selection to replicating virus after intranasal (inl) challenge. mice primed intramuscularly with pt and inl with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) produced rsv-specific antibodies of the igg2a isotype at a level similar to that of unprimed control ... | 1999 | 10438359 |
| prophylaxis with respiratory syncytial virus f-specific humanized monoclonal antibody delays and moderately suppresses the native antibody response but does not impair immunity to late rechallenge. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most significant viral cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children. this study tested the hypothesis that a humanized murine monoclonal antibody (mab) would protect against rsv infection in mice and have minimal suppressive effect upon the immune response because it is directed against a single epitope. a humanized murine mab (rshz19) was tested for both prophylaxis and treatment of rsv infection in balb/c mice and compared with a pol ... | 1999 | 10438358 |
| [subtypes of respiratory syncytial viruses]. | antigenically the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is of two types: a and b. five structural proteins express virus type differences. antigenic and genetic differences among individual strains of the same virus type are classed accordingly by monoclonal antibody reactivity into antigenic subtypes; for nucleotide sequence and restriction maps of individual gene polymerase chain reaction products they have different genetic categories: shl 1-6, np 1-6. still unproved is the association between th ... | 1999 | 10437359 |
| infection with respiratory syncytial virus and water-soluble components of cigarette smoke alter production of tumour necrosis factor alpha and nitric oxide by human blood monocytes. | cigarette smoke and virus infections contribute to the pathogenesis and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma. the objective of this study was to examine the effects of a water-soluble cigarette smoke extract (cse) and/or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on release from monocytes of the blood from donors of tumour necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) and nitric oxide (no). both rsv infection and cse stimulated tnf-alpha release from monocytes and there was an a ... | 1999 | 10435757 |
| effectiveness of rsvig prophylaxis and therapy of respiratory syncytial virus in an immunosuppressed animal model. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has emerged as a leading cause of pneumonia, with high mortality, in bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients, as well as in other profoundly immunocompromised patients, such as myelosuppressed adults with leukemia. we tested the efficacy of immunoglobulin with high anti-rsv neutralizing antibody levels (rsvig) for prophylaxis and therapy of rsv infection in cotton rats undergoing prolonged immunosuppression with cyclophosphamide. these animals experience persist ... | 1999 | 10435733 |
| effect of nitrogen dioxide on respiratory viral infection in airway epithelial cells. | nitrogen dioxide (no(2)) is a common air pollutant outdoors and indoors in homes with unvented combustion sources. it is also a constituent of tobacco smoke. epidemiological studies suggest that children exposed to no(2), or living with smoking parents, have an increased incidence of respiratory viral infections. the most common virus causing severe respiratory symptoms in infants and young children is respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). in the present study we investigated whether no(2) exposure ... | 1999 | 10433848 |
| mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus infection to evaluate antiviral activity in vivo. | in this study, we have developed a practical mouse model for evaluating in vivo the antiviral activity of compounds against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. balb/c mice are not particularly susceptible to rsv infection; however, infection rates were improved by pretreatment with the immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide (cyp). when mice were inoculated intranasally with rsv a2 strain, the pulmonary rsv titres of cyp-pretreated 10-week-old mice were higher than those of untreated 1 ... | 1999 | 10431613 |
| prevention strategies for respiratory syncytial virus: passive and active immunization. | prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease may ultimately be possible with active immunization, although no vaccine is currently available. formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine caused serious disease in some recipients re-exposed to rsv, which slowed vaccine development. current rsv vaccine candidates include rsv fusion protein vaccines, chimeric fusion protein-glycoprotein vaccines, and various live, attenuated rsv vaccines. rsv vaccines may be problematic in very young infants and new ... | 1999 | 10431138 |
| pulmonary function changes in children after respiratory syncytial virus infection in infancy. | during the last 20 years, an association between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis or pneumonia in infants and abnormal pulmonary function later in childhood has been established. study designs have varied considerably, but most investigators have used an observational approach in which children with early bronchiolitis or pneumonia are identified and pulmonary function is measured later in childhood. decreased forced expiratory flows at mid-lung volumes and increased airway reacti ... | 1999 | 10431136 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: a continuing culprit and conundrum. | for more than 4 decades, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been recognized as a worldwide pathogen of import. in the united states alone, approximately 91,000 infants are hospitalized with rsv infections yearly, at an estimated annual cost of at least 300 million dollars. the burden of rsv infections is even greater if outpatient visits for children and adults and rsv morbidity in patients with underlying conditions are included. obstacles to controlling rsv remain appreciable and challengin ... | 1999 | 10431132 |
| [coincidental outbreaks of rotavirus and respiratory syncytial virus in paris: a survey from 1993 to 1998]. | in a pediatric hospital of paris, from 1993 to 1998, respiratory secretions were positive for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in 26.3% of 4,738 children (0-5 years) examined or hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections. rotavirus detection was positive in stools of 23.7% of the 8,537 children of the same age with acute diarrhea. | 1999 | 10429813 |
| phosphorylation of p125fak and paxillin focal adhesion proteins in src-transformed cells with different metastatic capacity. | hamster fibroblasts transformed by rous sarcoma virus (rsv) display different metastatic potentials that are associated with specific structural features of the v-src oncoprotein. this diverse metastatic activity could be due to various tyrosine phosphorylation levels of specific src protein substrates. to check this hypothesis, phosphorylation of the fak and paxillin proteins, involved in signal transduction pathways and known as src protein substrates, was tested. it was shown that fak and pax ... | 1999 | 10428489 |
| respiratory system mechanics in patients receiving aerosolized ribavirin during mechanical ventilation for suspected respiratory syncytial viral infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important respiratory pathogen for infants. aerosolized ribavirin (ar) has been used in mechanically ventilated (mv) patients with rsv bronchiolitis. the purpose of this study was to measure respiratory system mechanics (rsm) in pediatric patients requiring mv and receiving ar for suspected rsv. patients were prospectively randomized to receive ar, either at a regular dose (rd) (6 g/300 ml over 18 hr/day) or a high dose (hd) (6 g/100 ml over 2 hr, three ti ... | 1999 | 10423311 |
| effect of respiratory syncytial virus on subsequent allergic sensitization to ovalbumin in guinea-pigs. | children with acute respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis often develop recurrent wheezing, asthma and allergic sensitization, but the role of rsv in the pathogenesis of these sequelae is unclear. this study examined whether rsv infection potentiates subsequent allergic sensitization, airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr) and airway inflammation induced by repeated exposures to aerosolized ovalbumin (oa) in guinea-pigs. guinea-pigs received either rsv or sham inoculum, followed by exposures ... | 1999 | 10414392 |
| clinical and epidemiological aspects of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections. | this paper has analyzed respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infections in 201 hospitalized children. in children with wheezing, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (esr) was significantly higher in those with pneumonia than with syndroma pertussis, while the white blood cell (wbc) count was significantly lower in patients with bronchitis than in those with bronchiolitis and syndroma pertussis. bronchodilatators were applied in 75.6% and corticosteroids in 20% of patients. ten patients ... | 1999 | 10414377 |
| surfactant replacement therapy in rsv-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). | acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards) associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection is rare. we report a 5-month-old indian girl who was admitted to our intensive care ward with severe respiratory failure who fulfilled the criteria for ards using both murray's lung injury score of > 2.5 and the american-european consensus conference definition for ards. she developed diffuse bilateral alveolar infiltrates, severe hypoxaemia (pao2/fio2 < 100) and required high peep (> 15 cm h2 ... | 1999 | 10414173 |
| adenoviral nerve growth factor and beta-galactosidase transfer to spinal cord: a behavioral and histological analysis. | the present study characterizes the time course and loci of gene expression induced by the administration of adenoviral vectors into spinal cord. although a marked inflammatory response to these vectors occurred, no effect on spinal cord function was seen in the 1st postoperative week. the expression of transgenic genes delivered by viral vectors is being exploited throughout the nervous system. the present study utilized adenoviral vectors containing the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) promoter and a ... | 1999 | 10413133 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection of human respiratory epithelial cells enhances inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression. | the induction kinetics of the mrna of interferon regulatory factor 1 (irf-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos), and proinflammatory cytokines in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected human type 2 alveolar epithelial cells (a549 cells) were analyzed semiquantitatively by rt-pcr. rsv enhanced irf-1 and inos mrna expression as early as 4 h after rsv infection and this enhancement lasted several hours. no ifn-gamma gene expression was observed during the whole course of the infection. exp ... | 1999 | 10410996 |
| involvement of caveolae in the uptake of respiratory syncytial virus antigen by dendritic cells. | the uptake of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antigen by cattle dendritic cells was investigated. pathways of antigen uptake were monitored by flow cytometry using specific tracers and by proliferation assays, which were used to measure the presentation of rsv antigen and ovalbumin. inhibitors that differentially affected pathways were used to distinguish them. presentation of rsv antigen, but not ovalbumin, was inhibited by phorbol myristate acetate and filipin, which have been reported to in ... | 1999 | 10410989 |
| macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha and rantes are present in nasal secretions during ongoing upper respiratory tract infection. | macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (mip-1alpha) and rantes (regulated upon activation, normal t-cell expressed and secreted) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) from virus-infected respiratory cell culture supernatants and from 100 nasal wash samples obtained from patients aged 8 d to 10 yr. the results of the nasal wash samples were analyzed in relation to the etiology of the viral infection. in vitro, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) induced the production of mip-1a ... | 1999 | 10410916 |
| attenuation of the recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 3 cp45 candidate vaccine virus is augmented by importation of the respiratory syncytial virus cpts530 l polymerase mutation. | a phenylalanine to leucine mutation at position 521 in the l polymerase of cpts530, a live-attenuated respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) cold-passaged (cp), temperature-sensitive (ts) candidate vaccine, specifies the ts and attenuation (att) phenotypes. sequence alignment of this region in the l proteins of several distantly related paramyxoviruses revealed that this phenylalanine is conserved. using reverse genetics, the analogous phenylalanine at position 456 in the l protein of wild-type piv3 ... | 1999 | 10405364 |
| viral aetiology of lower respiratory tract infection in young malaysian children. | to study the viral aetiology of lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in young malaysian children. | 1999 | 10404452 |
| mass determination of rous sarcoma virus virions by scanning transmission electron microscopy. | the internal structural protein of retroviruses, gag, comprises most of the mass of the virion, and gag itself can give rise to virus-like particles when expressed in appropriate cells. previously the stoichiometry of gag in virions was inferred from indirect measurements carried out 2 decades ago. we now have directly determined the masses of individual particles of the prototypic avian retrovirus, rous sarcoma virus (rsv), by using scanning transmission electron microscopy. in this technique, ... | 1999 | 10400808 |
| identification of a linear heparin binding domain for human respiratory syncytial virus attachment glycoprotein g. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. infection is mediated, in part, by an initial interaction between attachment protein (g) and a highly sulfated heparin-like glycosaminoglycan (gag) located on the cell surface. synthetic overlapping peptides derived from consensus sequences of the g protein ectodomain from both rsv subgroups a and b were tested by heparin-agarose affinity chromatography for their abi ... | 1999 | 10400758 |
| induction of th-1 and th-2 responses by respiratory syncytial virus attachment glycoprotein is epitope and major histocompatibility complex independent. | in balb/c mice, sensitization to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) attachment (g) glycoprotein leads to the development of lung eosinophilia upon challenge infection with rsv, a pathology indicative of a strong in vivo induction of a th-2-type response. in this study, we found that a strong, rsv g-specific, th-1-type cytokine response occurred simultaneously with a th-2-type response in g-primed mice after rsv challenge. both th-1 and th-2 effector cd4(+) t cells recognized a single immunodomina ... | 1999 | 10400756 |
| changes in rous sarcoma virus rna secondary structure near the primer binding site upon trnatrp primer annealing. | predicted secondary-structure elements encompassing the primer binding site in the 5' untranslated region of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) rna play an integral role in multiple viral replications steps including reverse transcription, dna integration, and rna packaging (a. aiyar, d. cobrinik, z. ge, h. j. kung, and j. leis, j. virol. 66:2464-2472, 1992; d. cobrinik, a. aiyar, z. ge, m. katzman, h. huang, and j. leis, j. virol. 65:3864-3872, 1991; j. t. miller, z. ge, s. morris, k. das, and j. leis, j ... | 1999 | 10400722 |
| the gag domains required for avian retroviral rna encapsidation determined by using two independent assays. | the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) gag precursor polyprotein is the only viral protein which is necessary for specific packaging of genomic rna. to map domains within gag which are important for packaging, we constructed a series of gag mutations in conjunction with a protease (pr) active-site point mutation in a full-length viral construct. we found that deletion of either the matrix (ma), the capsid (ca), or the protease (pr) domain did not abrogate packaging, although the ma domain is likely to be ... | 1999 | 10400719 |
| human monoclonal antibodies isolated from spontaneous epstein-barr virus-transformed tumors of hu-spl-scid mice and specific for fusion protein display broad neutralizing activity toward respiratory syncytial virus. | two human monoclonal antibodies, rf-1 and rf-2, specifically recognize the fusion protein of the human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). these were isolated from spontaneous tumors in scid mice reconstituted with human splenocytes and boosted with fusion protein. the tumors consisted of epstein-barr virus-transformed human b cells in animals with antigen-specific antibody titers>105. the binding affinity of rf-1 and rf-2 to the fusion protein is 1010 and 109 m-1, respectively. the antibodies bi ... | 1999 | 10395839 |
| optimizing vascular gene transfer of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. | the vessel wall fibrinolytic system plays an important role in maintaining the arterial phenotype and in regulating the arterial response to injury. plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (pai-1) regulates tissue fibrinolysis and is expressed in arterial tissue; however, its biological role remains uncertain. to help elucidate the role of pai-1 in the artery wall, and to begin to clarify whether manipulation of vascular pai-1 expression might be a target for gene therapy, we used adenoviral vect ... | 1999 | 10395372 |
| efficacy of directigen rsv testing in patient management following admission from a paediatric emergency department. | we investigated the use of the directigen respiratory syncytial virus test performed under 'stat laboratory' conditions, in the management of infants after admission from the paediatric emergency department (ed). the study group consisted of 242 consecutive paediatric ed patients tested by directigen in the stat laboratory during the winter 1995-1996 respiratory virus season. specimens were submitted to the virology laboratory for confirmatory consensus testing utilizing in part, an in-house mul ... | 1999 | 10392339 |
| support plasmids and support proteins required for recovery of recombinant respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can be recovered from plasmids that separately encode antigenomic rna and the n, p, l, and m2-1 proteins of the nucleocapsid. however, in a recent study the inclusion of a separate m2-1 expression plasmid was found to be unnecessary (h. jin, d. clarke, h. zhou, x. cheng, k. coelingh, m. bryant, and s. li, virology 1998, 251, 206-214). this suggested that the m2-1 protein, which is a transcription antitermination factor, is not required to reconstitute the minimu ... | 1999 | 10388648 |
| atrial natriuretic peptide gene delivery attenuates gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. | atrial natriuretic peptide (anp) is a cardiac hormone which exerts potent natriuretic and vasorelaxant activities. the aim of this study is to investigate potential protective effects of anp gene delivery in gentamycin-induced nephrotoxicity. | 1999 | 10382996 |
| transformation by v-myb. | the v-myb oncogene of the avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) is unique among known oncogenes in that it causes only acute leukemia in animals and transforms only hematopoietic cells in culture. amv was discovered in the 1930s as a virus that caused a disease in chickens that is similar to acute myelogenous leukemia in humans (hall et al., 1941). this avian retrovirus played an important role in the history of cancer research for two reasons. first, amv was used to demonstrate that all oncogenic vi ... | 1999 | 10378700 |
| synergistic effect of immunization with a peptide cocktail inducing antibody, helper and cytotoxic t-cell responses on protection against respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) or neutralizing antibodies can protect against rsv infection when induced separately by immunization with synthetic peptides. in the work described here, rsv-specific neutralizing antibodies and ctls were induced after immunization with a cocktail of peptides consisting of a b-cell mimotope (s1s-map), a t-helper epitope (sh:45-60) and a ctl epitope linked to a fusion (f) peptide (f/m2:81-95) that were comparable to those in ... | 1999 | 10374957 |
| biodegradable alginate microspheres as a delivery system for naked dna. | sodium alginate is a naturally occurring polysaccharide that can easily be polymerized into a solid matrix to form microspheres. these biodegradable microspheres were used to encapsulate plasmid dna containing the bacterial beta-galactosidase (lacz) gene under the control of either the cytomegalovirus (cmv) immediate-early promoter or the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) early promoter. mice inoculated orally with microspheres containing plasmid dna expressed lacz in the intestine, spleen and liver. ino ... | 1999 | 10369574 |
| role of the m2-1 transcription antitermination protein of respiratory syncytial virus in sequential transcription. | m2-1 protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a transcription antitermination factor that is important for the efficient synthesis of full-length mrnas as well as for the synthesis of polycistronic readthrough mrnas, which are characteristic of nonsegmented negative-strand rna viruses. the contributions of these effects to rsv sequential transcription were investigated with minigenomes which contained one to five genes which were either foreign marker genes or authentic rsv genes. w ... | 1999 | 10364337 |
| identification of multiple protective epitopes (protectopes) in the central conserved domain of a prototype human respiratory syncytial virus g protein. | a recombinant fusion protein (bbg2na) comprising the central conserved domain of the respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a (rsv-a) (long) g protein (residues 130 to 230) and an albumin binding domain of streptococcal protein g was shown previously to protect mouse upper (urt) and lower (lrt) respiratory tracts against intranasal rsv challenge (u. f. power, h. plotnicky-gilquin, t. huss, a. robert, m. trudel, s. stahl, m. uhlén, t. n. nguyen, and h. binz, virology 230:155-166, 1997). panels of m ... | 1999 | 10364313 |
| impact of palivizumab on expected costs of respiratory syncytial virus infection in preterm infants: potential for savings. | in its clinical assessment of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific monoclonal antibody palivizumab, the impact-rsv study group demonstrated a reduction in hospitalizations for rsv-related lower respiratory tract infection in infants who received prophylaxis compared with infants who did not receive prophylaxis. an assessment of the rsv-related expenses for managing both groups of infants is needed to provide insight into the value of prophylaxis. the present study was conducted to iden ... | 1999 | 10363740 |
| induction of antibody responses in the common mucosal immune system by respiratory syncytical virus immunostimulating complexes. | immunostimulating complexes (iscoms) containing envelope proteins of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were explored as a mucosal delivery system for the capacity of inducing a common mucosal antibody response. two intranasal (i.n.) administrations of balb/c mice with iscoms induced potent serum igg, and strong iga responses to rsv locally in the lungs and the upper respiratory, and remotely in the genital and the intestinal tracts. virtually no measurable iga response was found in these mucosal ... | 1999 | 10363675 |
| rapamycin-resistant phosphorylation of the initiation factor-4e-binding protein (4e-bp1) in v-src-transformed hamster fibroblasts. | increased phosphorylation of the translational repressor protein 4e-bp1 was found in the cell line derived from the tumor induced in syrian hamster by rous sarcoma virus (rsv). this was accompanied by its dissociation from the complex with initiation factor eif4e. the ribosomal s6 protein kinase p70s6k is supposed to be regulated by the same or a closely related rapamycin-sensitive signalling pathway to that which modulates 4e-bp1. phosphorylation and activity of p70s6k were found to be also inc ... | 1999 | 10362146 |
| mixed respiratory viral infections in estonia: a long-term laboratory study. | during the period of 1981-1997, a total of 13,110 patients with acute respiratory viral infections were tested simultaneously for influenza virus a and b, parainfluenza, adenovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. of 3,800 laboratory-confirmed cases mixed infections were established in average in 27%. the incidence varied in dependence on the season between 12% and 36%. all infections were involved in mixed infections, yet their participation greatly varied in different seasons. ... | 1998 | 10358749 |
| viral infection modulates expression of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. | hypersensitivity pneumonitis (hp) is a granulomatous, inflammatory lung disease caused by inhalation of organic ags, most commonly thermophilic actinomycetes that cause farmer's lung disease. the early response to ag is an increase in neutrophils in the lung, whereas the late response is a typical th1-type granulomatous disease. many patients who develop disease report a recent viral respiratory infection. these studies were undertaken to determine whether viruses can augment the inflammatory re ... | 1999 | 10358192 |