Publications

synthetic peptides as the basis for vaccine design.		1991	2017193
production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific for enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli of serotypes o157:h7 and o26:h11.	a monoclonal antibody (mab 4e8c12) specific for escherichia coli o157:h7 and o26:h11 was produced by immunizing balb/c mice with a rough strain of e. coli o157:h7. the antibody reacted strongly by a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with each of 36 strains of e. coli o157:h7. no cross-reactivity was observed with strains of salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, shigella dysenteriae, proteus spp., escherichia hermanii, klebsiella pneumoniae, campylobacter jejuni, serratia marcescens, c ...	1991	1993773
identification of three amino acid residues in the b subunit of shiga toxin and shiga-like toxin type ii that are essential for holotoxin activity.	shiga toxin of shigella dysenteriae type i and shiga-like toxins i and ii (slt-i and slt-ii, respectively) of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli are functionally similar protein cytotoxins. these toxin molecules have a bipartite molecular structure which consists of an enzymatically active a subunit that inhibits protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells and an oligomeric b subunit that binds to globotriaosylceramide glycolipid receptors on eukaryotic cells. regionally directed chemical mutagenesis ...	1991	1991714
inhibition by anti-cd2 monoclonal antibodies of anti-cd3-induced t cell-dependent b cell activation.	anti-cd3 mab can activate t cells to help in b cell activation as detected by late events, such as maturation of b cells into ig-secreting cells (igsc), or by early events, such as b cell surface expression of the activation marker cd23. two different anti-cd2 mab each inhibited anti-cd3-induced t cell-dependent b cell activation in a dose-dependent fashion. neither irradiation of the t cells prior to culture nor depletion of cd8+ cells abrogated the inhibitory effects of anti-cd2 mab. despite t ...	2007	1976440
pivmecillinam-resistant shigella dysenteriae type 1 infection in bangladesh.		1990	1972232
production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies with therapeutic potential against shiga toxin.	four monoclonal antibodies (t2d1, t3b1, t7b2 and t4c4) were produced and characterized against sh. dysenteriae type 1. these monoclonal antibodies (mcabs) were shown to be directed against the same or adjacent determinants on the a-subunit of the shiga toxin. all the anti-shiga toxin mcabs are igg1 (kappa) antibodies and have the capacity to neutralize the cytotoxic and neurotoxic effects of the shiga toxin: the data strongly suggest that both of the activities, associated with the toxin, are du ...	1990	1966939
h(+)-stimulated release of prostaglandin e2 and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphoric acid and their relationship to bone resorption in neonatal mouse calvaria cultures.	the addition of protons to the medium of neonatal mouse calvaria cultures stimulated bone resorption and release of calcium into the medium. in addition, added protons significantly increased the release of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) and cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphoric acid (camp) from the bones. indomethacin significantly inhibited the release of calcium, pge2 and camp from proton-treated cultures. the positive control, parathyroid hormone (pth)-treated cultures, also gave rise to bone resor ...	1990	1964815
distribution of insertion sequence is200 in salmonella and shigella.	two dna probes for the detection of insertion sequence is200 by either southern blotting or colony hybridization were constructed. one of the probes is a 300 bp ecori-hindiii fragment of is200 cloned onto pbluescript ks(+); the other is a tail-to-tail dimer of the same fragment cloned onto puc19. a survey of the presence of is200 among enteric bacteria revealed that more than 90% of the pathogenic or food-poisoning isolates of salmonella spp. examined contained one or more copies of insertion se ...	1990	1964174
compartmentalization within the nucleus: discovery of a novel subnuclear region.	antibodies to a set of structurally related autoantigens (p23-25) bind to a previously uncharacterized, large structural domain in the nucleus of a variety of human cell types. this subnuclear domain is visible by phase contrast alone as a region of decreased density after several different fixation protocols. the morphology of this region changes dramatically during the cell cycle and we have given it the name pika (for polymorphic interphase karyosomal association) based on preliminary evidenc ...	1991	1955462
[maternal morbidity and mortality in extra-genital pathology].	the authors analyze the incidence and structure of acute and chronic visceral diseases in pregnant women and the incidence and structure of maternal death because of extragenital diseases. causes of maternal mortality are discussed and approaches to reducing maternal morbidity and mortality in visceral diseases outlined.	2007	1951974
esophageal function and dysfunction.		2007	1951923
age- and sex-specific cycles in united states suicides, 1973 to 1985.	total us suicides peak on the first day of each week, in the first week of each month, and in the late spring of each year. although these cycles are assumed to characterize all us suicides, analyses by age and sex show that the cycles occur only in a few subpopulations. day-of-the-week effects are found almost exclusively in middle-aged suicides; day-of-the-month effects are found almost exclusively in elderly male suicides; and month-of-the-year effects asre found almost exclusively in teenage ...	2007	1951813
increased vitamin e intake restores fish-oil-induced suppressed blastogenesis of mitogen-stimulated t lymphocytes.	we sought to determine whether fish-oil supplementation would suppress blastogenesis in vitro of concanavalin a (cona)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) and, if so, whether it could be reversed with increased intake of vitamin e. healthy males ate a controlled basal diet providing a total of 40% of energy from fat when fed in conjunction with 15 g/d of either placebo oil (po) or fish-oil concentrate (foc) fortified with 15 mg alpha-tocopherol/d for three periods. the subjects ...	2007	1951163
preparation, characterization, and immunogenicity of conjugates composed of the o-specific polysaccharide of shigella dysenteriae type 1 (shiga's bacillus) bound to tetanus toxoid.	the background for developing conjugate vaccines for shigellosis composed of the o-specific polysaccharide (o-sp) bound to a protein is described elsewhere (c. y. chu, r. schneerson, and j. b. robbins, submitted for publication). briefly, there is direct evidence for type (lipopolysaccharide [lps])-specific protection after infection with the wild type or with attenuated strains of shigellae. prospective studies of israeli armed forces recruits show a correlation between preexisting serum immuno ...	1991	1937803
myopic excimer laser keratectomy. a preliminary report.		2007	1936430
inner city psychiatry.		2007	1932958
shigellosis. shigella dysenteriae type 1.		1991	1931580
reemergence of shigella dysenteriae type 2 in sicily: an epidemiological evaluation.	three strains of shigella dysenteriae type 2 were isolated from a small household outbreak which occurred in palermo, sicily, during summer 1990. two isolates were recovered from hospitalized patients and one from an asymptomatic carrier. the infection could not be associated with travel to foreign countries or contact with travellers returned from abroad. since 1953 s. dysenteriae has been never isolated in southern italy. the isolates from dysentery cases were susceptible to antibiotics and ca ...	1991	1921742
screening of children for enteric bacterial pathogens in the outborn neonatal ward in lagos, nigeria.	babies, on admission into a neonatal ward at the lagos university teaching hospital, had their rectal swab specimens examined bacteriologically and screened for enteric bacterial pathogens over a one-year-period at two-week intervals. it was found that on the average there were 3 (9.68%) enteric bacterial pathogens out of an average of 31 admissions at each screening period. the enteric bacterial pathogens isolated included: non-typhoid salmonellae, which accounted for 55 (80.88%) isolates out o ...	1991	1915794
antimicrobial activity of microgard against food spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms.	microgard, a commercially available fermented milk product containing antimicrobial metabolites, was a potent inhibitor for gram-negative bacteria such as pseudomonas, salmonella, and yersinia when 1% concentration was incorporated into agar media. gram-positive bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, and listeria monocytogenes were insensitive to microgard. kluyveromyces marxianus, an unidentified black yeast, and penicillium expansum were partially suppressed, whereas aspergillus niger and a y ...	1991	1906486
new trends in the use of al(oh)3-conjugated endotoxins and their subunits from the s- and r-forms of shigella dysenteriae serovar 1 for model vaccination purposes.	the lipopolysaccharides, lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes and their lipids a, isolated from shigella dysenteriae 1, exhibited lethal toxicity (ld50 300-400 micrograms per mouse), pyrogenicity (0.01-1.0 microgram), activity in the limulus test (10(-3)-10(-12) mg ml-1) and produced a positive local shwartzman reaction. it was found that these substances bound to al(oh)3 were capable of successfully protecting mice from challenge with both homologous and heterologous infections (up to 90% of mi ...	1991	1905447
differential effects of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonists administered as desensitizing or flare protocols on hormonal function in the luteal phase of hyperstimulated cycles.	the incorporation of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (gnrha) in in-vitro fertilization (ivf) stimulation protocols has led to doubt about the quality of the subsequent luteal phase. the effects of two gnrha stimulation protocols on luteal phase concentrations of oestradiol (e2), progesterone (p), luteinizing hormone (lh) and follicle stimulating hormone (fsh) were compared with the standard clomiphene stimulation regimen. subjects receiving clomiphene with human menopausal gonadotrophin ...	1991	1905309
bacteriological and protozoal study on domestic water supply in karachi.	four hundred and fifty eight water samples collected from domestic tanks and taps and community taps were analysed for bacterial contamination. faecal pollution was more in domestic tanks and taps in mehmoodabad, korangi and least in water collected from community taps of liaquatabad, korangi and mehmoodabad. bacteria isolated were mostly e. coli, enterobacter sp, klebsiella sp. and a. faecalis, while other organisms (except pseudomonas) were found in lower numbers. salmonella para typhi and par ...	1991	1902529
endocytosis and intracellular transport of the glycolipid-binding ligand shiga toxin in polarized mdck cells.	the glycolipid-binding cytotoxin produced by shigella dysenteriae 1, shiga toxin, binds to mdck cells (strain 1) only after treatment with short-chain fatty acids like butyric acid or with the tumor promoter 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate. the induced binding sites were found to be functional with respect to endocytosis and translocation of toxin to the cytosol. glycolipids that bind shiga toxin appeared at both the apical and the basolateral surface of polarized mdck cells grown on filter ...	1991	1901867
[can vision defects among artists influence their art?].		2006	1895830
the influence of contralateral primary afferents on ia inhibitory interneurones in humans.	1. contralateral influences on short latency reciprocal inhibition between wrist extensor and flexor muscles were investigated in twenty-two healthy volunteers. reciprocal inhibition, probably mediated through the ia inhibitory interneurone, was measured by conditioning the flexor carpi radialis (fcr) h reflex by weak stimulation of the ipsilateral radial nerve. maximum reciprocal inhibition occurring at a precise delay between conditioning and conditioned stimulations was taken as the test leve ...	2005	1895236
effectiveness of fortnightly tooth brushing with amine fluorides in caries-prone subjects.	the aim of this study was to assess the caries incidence and plaque accumulation in schoolchildren at caries risk, after brushing the teeth fortnightly with gels containing 0, 0.4% f, 1.25% f as amine fluoride (amf) or the common amine fluoride toothpaste containing 0.125% f. the study was conducted double blind over an 18-month period, and after 6 months discontinuation of brushing. only the group that brushed with the 1.25% amf gel showed a significant decrease in caries development compared t ...	2007	1890532
simultaneous infection with multiple serotypes of shigellae in a patient.	we isolated three different serotypes of shigella on admission from a patient with dysentery as well as a shigella-like organism and campylobacter jejuni upon follow-up. the patient produced serum antibodies to all three serotypes of shigellae.	1991	1889185
a case of shigellosis caused by shigella dysenteriae type 1 and shigella flexneri type 5b.	shigella dysenteriae type 1 and shigella flexneri type 5b strains were isolated as causative agents of bacterial dysentery in a patient having visited south-east asia. both strains are a rare finding for bulgaria. s. dysenteriae 1 strains have not been isolated since 1962, and there were only single isolates of s. flexneri 5b. the strains were of the same antibiotic resistance patterns. conjugation experiments showed that resistance is determined by transferrable r-plasmids having identical char ...	1991	1880406
distinction of mesothelioma from carcinoma in pleural effusions. an immunocytochemical study on routinely processed cytoblock preparations.	the study was designed to find out whether the commercially available antibodies bma 130 c, bma 120, v 9, kl 1, b 72.3 tag, hea 125 and ber-ep 4 would be of help in distinguishing carcinomas from a mesothelial process (mesothelioma/pleuritis) in pleural effusion specimens routinely processed by the cytoblock method. all of the 20 carcinomas included in the study but also 19 of the 20 mesotheliomas expressed cytokeratin (kl 1), whereas vimentin expression was found in 7 of the 20 carcinomas and 1 ...	2007	1876528
the accuracy of death certificates. implications for health statistics.	the death certificate is an important source of data on disease incidence, prevalence and mortality. it should therefore be as accurate and complete as possible. death certificates from 433 autopsied hospital patients were reviewed and matched against the results of post-mortem examinations. significant discrepancies between the two documents were observed in 50% of patients. in 25%, the immediate cause of death was incorrectly stated on the certificate, having been assigned to a different organ ...	2006	1871957
[two biotin-labeled probes of gentamicin resistance genes].	a 2.0 kb bamhi-hindiii fragment of pdg0103 from australia containing gentamicin 2"-o-adenylytransferase [ant(2")] gene and a 4.9 kb psti-ecori fragment of pby102 were recovered from low-temperature-melting agarose by the slot method. both fragments were labeled with biotin-7-datp by nick translation with a commercial kit. the result of colony and southern hybridization was that: the 2.0 kb probe from australia hybridized with that containing ant(2") from america, while no hybridization occurred ...	1991	1866941
severe hypomagnesemia associated with pentamidine therapy.	a case of severe hypomagnesemia in a patient with aids that manifested as changes in mental status is presented. the hypomagnesemia was due to renal wasting of magnesium, most probably caused by pentamidine-induced renal tubular injury. this entity has been reported once before and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of altered mental status in patients with aids.	1999	1866558
replantation in children.	the authors have replanted 162 parts in 120 children over the past 15 years. the youngest patient, undergoing successful replantation, was aged 7 months, 3 weeks. unlike an adult, any child suffering a traumatic amputation should be considered for a possible replantation. replantation should consist of minimal bone shortening to preserve epiphyseal plates, with repair of all severed structures. longitudinal k-wires usually provide adequate fixation. our survival rate for complete replantation in ...	2007	1865815
human serum stimulates endothelin-1 synthesis more potently than prostacyclin production by cultured vascular endothelial cells.	human serum stimulated the synthesis of a vasoconstrictive peptide, endothelin-1 (et-1), and a vasodilatory prostanoid, prostacyclin (pgi2), by cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. incubation in 20% concentration of the serum for 24 h stimulated et-1 synthesis almost six-fold while pgi2 production increased two-fold. in addition, a tumor-promoting phorbol ester, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (pma), inhibited the serum-induced et-1 produ ...	1991	1865754
which patients see a rheumatologist? swracr (south western regional advisory committee on rheumatology).	rheumatology outpatient consultations were recorded throughout the south western regional health authority for one month. of 2987 consultations (equivalent to 32,600 annually), 630 (21%) were new referrals who waited 60 days (mode) before their consultation. rheumatoid arthritis and polyarthritis accounted for 43% of new referrals and 75% of follow-up patients. for these categories, 6.5 follow-up patients were seen for each new referral, but this ratio varied from 3.7 to 11.7. other diagnoses al ...	2007	1863825
haemolytic uraemic syndrome in children.	of the 4070 children admitted in the department of paediatrics, 830 (24%) presented with diarrhoea. eleven of these had haemolytic ureamic syndrome (hus) characterised by microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure. only 3 had positive stool cultures (e. coli 2, shigella dysenteriae 1). two children expired while the rest recovered with conservative management and peritoneal dialysis. thus hus should be remembered as a complication of diarrhoea and a cause of ac ...	1991	1861343
shigellosis.		1991	1861289
intestinal obstruction during shigellosis: incidence, clinical features, risk factors, and outcome.	to determine the incidence and outcome of intestinal obstruction during shigellosis, the authors assessed 1211 consecutive patients with shigellosis admitted during a 15-month period to a diarrhea treatment center in dhaka, bangladesh. obstruction was identified in 30 (2.5%) patients. ten (33.3%) of these patients died, compared with 97 (8.2%) of the 1181 patients without obstructions (p less than 0.001; rr = 4.1). in a case-control study, patients with obstructions were compared with 30 control ...	1991	1860627
[infectious endocarditis].		2007	1855806
tibio-talar stability in bimalleolar ankle fractures: a dynamic in vitro contact area study.	a dynamic weight-bearing model has been developed in a cadaveric ankle model to assess the contact areas of the talus in varying degrees of bimalleolar ankle fractures. a surgically created transverse fibula osteotomy with up to 6 mm of displacement did not cause a significant change in the contact area. sectioning of the deltoid ligament, regardless of fibular displacement, created a 15% to 20% decrease in the contact area (p less than .001). this model represents a clinically relevant situatio ...	2006	1855708
tibio-talar stability in bimalleolar ankle fractures: a dynamic in vitro contact area study.	a dynamic weight-bearing model has been developed in a cadaveric ankle model to assess the contact areas of the talus in varying degrees of bimalleolar ankle fractures. a surgically created transverse fibula osteotomy with up to 6 mm of displacement did not cause a significant change in the contact area. sectioning of the deltoid ligament, regardless of fibular displacement, created a 15% to 20% decrease in the contact area (p less than .001). this model represents a clinically relevant situatio ...	2006	1855708
prospective hospital based study on persistent diarrhoea.	a total of 383 children aged less than 5 years suffering from acute watery diarrhoea or dysentery were studied in hospital to determine the rate of persistent diarrhoea. altogether 335 (87.5%) recovered within 13 days. only in 48 (12.5%) did the diarrhoea continue for 14 days or more, and they were considered as having persistent diarrhoea. children aged between 7 and 18 months had a significantly increased incidence of persistent diarrhoea. children suffering from grade ii-iv malnutrition const ...	1991	1855686
high blood pressure during pregnancy and working conditions among hospital personnel.	the relationship between working conditions and high blood pressure during pregnancy was analysed in a sample of 621 women hospital employees in the paris region over the period 1979-1981. data were collected by interviews during the routine medical visit at the end of postnatal leave. women who had to work standing up for extended periods of time, who had to carry heavy loads or who had to perform heavy cleaning tasks had high blood pressure during their pregnancy more often than women not expo ...	1991	1855606
perfusion characteristics of hepatic cavernous hemangioma using intravenous ct angiography (ivcta).	thirty-three patients with 35 proven hepatic cavernous hemangiomas (hch) were studied with intravenous ct angiography (ivcta). 15 scans were performed during the first 30 s after bolus (6 ml/s) injection of 50 ml iodinated contrast material. thereafter 2 scans/min were obtained up to 30 min. three criteria were utilized at ivcta to make a specific diagnosis of hch: (1) detection of an intense mural nodular enhancement in the arterial phase. the density in the nodular region(s) should have a dens ...	2007	1855518
body mass index variations: centiles from birth to 87 years.	this report provides body mass index (weight/height2) values for the french population from birth to the age of 87 years. bmi curves increase during the first year, decrease until the age of 6, increase again up to 65 years and decrease thereafter. these variations reflect the total changes of fat body mass during life. the 50th centile values of wt/ht2 at the ages of 20, 40, 60, 80 years are 21.5, 24.6, 25.4, 24.4 kg/m2 for men and 20.6, 22.6, 24.1, 23.4 kg/m2 for women. the values for the 3rd, ...	2007	1855495
olfactory dysfunction in parkinson's disease.	an olfactory function test in 18 patients with parkinson's disease (pd) and 10 age-matched control subjects was performed. both detection and recognition thresholds were measured with five kinds of synthesized odorants (t & t olfactometry). before each test, rhinoscopic inspections were performed to exclude subjects who could have respiratory hyposmia. both detection and recognition thresholds in patients with pd were significantly elevated in comparison with those of control subjects. auditory ...	2007	1852411
molecular epidemiology of shigella infections: plasmid profiles, serotype correlation, and restriction endonuclease analysis.	plasmid isolation was used to refine the epidemiologic analysis for 168 shigellosis cases in pima county, ariz. plasmids of less than 20 kb were used for comparison of plasmid profiles. plasmid patterns for each species were distinct. a total of 57 of 74 (77%) shigella flexneri strains could be placed into seven plasmid patterns, 70 of 79 (89%) shigella sonnei strains could be placed into seven patterns, 12 shigella boydii strains could be placed into six patterns, and each of 3 shigella dysente ...	1991	1847148
[physical development and health status of first-year students].		2006	1840048
[physical development and health status of first-year students].		2006	1840048
the use of potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser for laparoscopic removal of ovarian endometrioma.	from january 1989 through january 1990, 31 patients thought to have ovarian endometrioma at ultrasonography were treated by operative laparoscopy and potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser. the endometriomas ranged from 2 to 9.2 cm in diameter by preoperative transvaginal ultrasonography. the operative procedure used was a three-puncture technique with a 600 micron fiber attached to a potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser. the power setting was 10 w with a continuous pulse. in all cases endometriomas wer ...	2006	1828651
the use of potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser for laparoscopic removal of ovarian endometrioma.	from january 1989 through january 1990, 31 patients thought to have ovarian endometrioma at ultrasonography were treated by operative laparoscopy and potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser. the endometriomas ranged from 2 to 9.2 cm in diameter by preoperative transvaginal ultrasonography. the operative procedure used was a three-puncture technique with a 600 micron fiber attached to a potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser. the power setting was 10 w with a continuous pulse. in all cases endometriomas wer ...	2006	1828651
[calcium channel blockers in the elderly with hypertension].	administered alone, calcium entry blockers (ceb) are effective antihypertensive agents in the aged, and their blood pressure lowering action is similar to that of other antihypertensive drugs. ceb may be regarded as alternatives to diuretics in the elderly, and they should be used instead of diuretics when these are contraindicated. the effectiveness of ceb might be explained by some characteristics of old age, such as elevated mean blood pressure, reduced plasma renin activity, blunted sympathe ...	2006	1828570
[social health in east germany].		2007	1828554
the nature and importance of the inter-epsilon chain disulfide bonds in human ige.	ige antibodies are best known for their pathological role in allergy. the class-specific effector sites are located in the epsilon chains; these form covalent dimers via two cystine residues (cys241 and cys328) linking opposite c epsilon 2 domains. the nature and biological significance of the inter-epsilon chain disulfide-bond arrangement is unresolved. for structural and functional analysis site-specific mutations were introduced into the c epsilon 2 domain of recombinant human ige. the introd ...	1991	1828428
the nature and importance of the inter-epsilon chain disulfide bonds in human ige.	ige antibodies are best known for their pathological role in allergy. the class-specific effector sites are located in the epsilon chains; these form covalent dimers via two cystine residues (cys241 and cys328) linking opposite c epsilon 2 domains. the nature and biological significance of the inter-epsilon chain disulfide-bond arrangement is unresolved. for structural and functional analysis site-specific mutations were introduced into the c epsilon 2 domain of recombinant human ige. the introd ...	1991	1828428
occupational contact dermatitis due to acrylonitrile.	within dsm chemicals bv, a producer of acrylonitrile, skin complaints are frequent. the majority of these are of an irritant nature, while a smaller portion is based on acquired allergies. allergological examination revealed 5 employees with an allergy to acrylonitrile. 1 of these subjects also developed paraesthesiae in the skin sites affected, a finding not previously described for acrylonitrile. in the guinea pig maximization test (gpmt), acrylonitrile showed strong allergenic potential. for ...	1991	1828409
occupational contact dermatitis due to acrylonitrile.	within dsm chemicals bv, a producer of acrylonitrile, skin complaints are frequent. the majority of these are of an irritant nature, while a smaller portion is based on acquired allergies. allergological examination revealed 5 employees with an allergy to acrylonitrile. 1 of these subjects also developed paraesthesiae in the skin sites affected, a finding not previously described for acrylonitrile. in the guinea pig maximization test (gpmt), acrylonitrile showed strong allergenic potential. for ...	1991	1828409
bacterial endotoxins: comparison of mitogenic, polyclonal, antibody-inducing and toxicity activities.	the mitogenic effects on mouse spleen lymphocytes were determined in a large series of commercially available and laboratory-prepared lipopolysaccharides (lps) obtained from escherichia, salmonella, serratia and shigella species; part of these lps preparations was chemically modified prior to testing. in order to establish whether the degree of mitogenic activity corresponds with other biological effects of these preparations, polyclonal activity, capability to induce specific antibody formation ...	1991	1823655
expression of virulence and antibiotic resistance in an escherichia coli transconjugant carrying a large plasmid pcat120 of shigella dysenteriae type i and its spontaneous fragmentations.	the role of a 120-kb plasmid in relation to virulence and drug resistance factor in shigella dysenteriae was studied. for characterization of plasmids, the mating system is a useful and efficient means of transferring both large and small plasmids to a new host. the conjugative transfer of a 120-kb (pcat120) ampicillin-resistant plasmid of s. dysenteriae to e. coli k-12 was not successful. introduction of an e. coli fertility factor plasmid f, did not help to mobilize the plasmid. low transfer f ...	1991	1823646
thiourea and methionine effects upon glucose and leucine absorption in chicken jejunum.	administration of a unique dose of thiourea (7 mg per kg b.w.) in the 7th day of life to broiler chickens affects in different manners the jejunal absorption of glucose and that of leucine. methionine supplementation of the fodder (1.5 g per kg) during 40 days affects--in an age-dependent manner--the glucose absorption, but not that of leucine.	1991	1817667
thiourea and methionine effects upon glucose and leucine absorption in chicken jejunum.	administration of a unique dose of thiourea (7 mg per kg b.w.) in the 7th day of life to broiler chickens affects in different manners the jejunal absorption of glucose and that of leucine. methionine supplementation of the fodder (1.5 g per kg) during 40 days affects--in an age-dependent manner--the glucose absorption, but not that of leucine.	1991	1817667
[cloning and expression of shiga-toxin gene from shigella dysenteriae type i].	the chromosomal dna of s. dysenteriae type i w30864 was isolated and digested by ecori. the 3-7 kb dna fragments were recovered and ligated with vector puc-19. after transformation, the recombinants were screened by slt gene probe. the positive clones were obtained. the cloned ecori fragment containing both st-a and st-b subunit gene was about 4.5 kb. the cloned st strain was also detected by hela-s3 cell for cytotoxicity, and detected by rabbit ileal loop test for enterotoxicity. besides, the c ...	1991	1814045
stereoselective disposition of ibuprofen enantiomers in the isolated perfused rat kidney.	the renal clearance of ibuprofen enantiomer was studied separately in the isolated perfused rat kidney at initial perfusate concentrations of 10 micrograms/ml (n = 4) and 100 micrograms/ml (n = 4). perfusate and urine samples were measured for r(-) and s(+)-ibuprofen using a stereospecific hplc assay; urine samples were also analyzed after alkaline hydrolysis. functional viability of the kidney was assured by determining the fractional excretion of glucose and glomerular filtration rate (gfr) at ...	1991	1808617
changing antibiotic sensitivity patterns in shigellosis.	over five and a half months stool cultures were performed in 154 patients admitted with suspected bacillary dysentery to the professorial paediatric unit of the teaching hospital, galle. thirty one patients had a positive stool culture; shigella dysenteriae type 1 was isolated in 23 patients, and s flexneri in 8. in both groups the antibiotic sensitivity pattern was uniform, the only difference being s dysenteriae type 1 being resistant to nalidixic acid while s flexneri was sensitive. this anti ...	1991	1807844
[clinical effect and laboratory observation of ofloxacin in the treatment of typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery and gonorrhea].	ofloxacin was used in the treatment of 20 cases of typhoid fever, 32 cases of bacillary dysentery and 50 cases of gonococcal infection. altogether 102 cases were treated, 53 being male and 49 female. the daily dosage was 400 mg to 600 mg, divided into two times. the result showed that the clinical effective rate for typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery and gonococcal infections was 100%, 97% and 94% respectively, while the bacterial eradication rate was 100%, 100% and 94% respectively. the bacteri ...	1991	1806341
'occupational hazards to dental staff'.		2007	1804266
serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of shigella isolates in singapore.	serogrouping of 506 shigella strains isolated in singapore from 1986 to 1990 showed that shigella flexneri (60.3%) was the most common, followed by s. sonnei (33.6%), s. boydii (3.2%) and s. dysenteriae (3%). of the 23 shigella serotypes identified, the predominant ones were s. flexneri types 2a and 1b, s. boydii types 1 and 5, and s. dysenteriae types 1 and 3. more than 80% of the shigella species were resistant to at least one antimicrobial drug, and the incidence of multiresistance was partic ...	1991	1800565
furosemide inhibits the centrally-mediated pressor response to clonidine in conscious, normotensive rats.	1. the effect of furosemide on the pressor response induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of clonidine was investigated in freely moving, normotensive rats with chronically implanted arterial catheters. 2. when injected i.c.v., clonidine at doses of 5 and 10 micrograms produced a dose-dependent pressor response and a decrease in heart rate. no depressor response was induced by clonidine. 3. systemic (i.v.) pretreatment with furosemide (2-10 mg kg-1) increased urine volume and dos ...	1991	1797326
furosemide inhibits the centrally-mediated pressor response to clonidine in conscious, normotensive rats.	1. the effect of furosemide on the pressor response induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of clonidine was investigated in freely moving, normotensive rats with chronically implanted arterial catheters. 2. when injected i.c.v., clonidine at doses of 5 and 10 micrograms produced a dose-dependent pressor response and a decrease in heart rate. no depressor response was induced by clonidine. 3. systemic (i.v.) pretreatment with furosemide (2-10 mg kg-1) increased urine volume and dos ...	1991	1797326
transcatheter management of pseudoaneurysms complicating pancreatitis.	hemorrhage from rupture of an arterial pseudoaneurysm is a potentially fatal complication of pancreatitis. seventeen patients underwent transcatheter embolization of 23 arteries for the treatment of 20 arterial pseudoaneurysms secondary to pancreatitis. their records were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the clinical benefit of transcatheter therapy. at presentation, 15 of the 17 patients had gastrointestinal, intrasplenic, retroperitoneal, intraperitoneal, or postoperative wound bleeding. t ...	2006	1797219
transcatheter management of pseudoaneurysms complicating pancreatitis.	hemorrhage from rupture of an arterial pseudoaneurysm is a potentially fatal complication of pancreatitis. seventeen patients underwent transcatheter embolization of 23 arteries for the treatment of 20 arterial pseudoaneurysms secondary to pancreatitis. their records were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the clinical benefit of transcatheter therapy. at presentation, 15 of the 17 patients had gastrointestinal, intrasplenic, retroperitoneal, intraperitoneal, or postoperative wound bleeding. t ...	2006	1797219
on the regulation of collagen-fibril shape and form.		2006	1794563
[continuous noninvasive recording of circulatory parameters while performing the valsalva test under elevated ambient pressure].	the results are presented which confirm applicability of the valsalva test as a functional exercise for the cardiovascular system while studying changes of the circulation regulation under high ambient pressure. methods of transthoracic tetrapolar impedance plethysmography, electro- and intervalocardiography and mean arterial pressure measurement by means of the oscillometric servosystem are shown as adequate and highly informative under these conditions.	2005	1790814
["the modern theoretical and practical concepts of the epidemiology of shigellosis" and the culture of discussions].		1991	1789045
[the culture of discussions and a little bit on the epidemiology of intestinal infections].		1991	1789044
[the effect of the synergistic action of enterotoxin on the specific protective complex of shigella sonnei].	the study has first established that enterotoxin enhances the protective potency of s. sonnei specific protective complex. this effect has been revealed both in experiments of the oral immunization of mice and in experiments of the conjunctival immunization of guinea pigs and depends on the dose of enterotoxin used in the experiment. the increase of protection has a specific character. these observations open prospects for further enhancement for the protective properties of s. sonnei specific p ...	1991	1789032
effects of testosterone on the liver of castrated rats: morphologic study.	it is well known that castration in rats causes atrophy of the sexual organs and, to a lesser extent, of other organs. we have observed that castration causes a reduction of the liver weight due to a reduction (-10%) of the numerical density of the hepatocytes after castration (p less than 0.01). testosterone administration at high concentration (2.5 mg/100 g b. wt.) as well as at low concentration (0.025 mg/100 g) in the castrated rats causes an increase of the liver weight due to an increase ( ...	1991	1783042
effect of warfarin on early rat tooth development.	rat pups were treated from birth to 5 days of age with the vitamin k antagonist warfarin in order to investigate possible functions of the vitamin k-dependent dentin gla protein (dgp) in tooth development. warfarin completely eliminated the immunocytochemically detectable dgp which is a prominent feature of dentin in control rat pups, and also caused an increased concentration of dgp in odontoblasts. warfarin treatment did not affect the ultrastructure of cells or the extracellular matrix in the ...	1991	1782575
management of the palatal ectopic and unerupted maxillary canine.	some problems associated with the diagnosis of the ectopic maxillary canine are discussed. a treatment regimen is outlined for the tooth that is displaced palatally and unerupted.	2006	1782194
imerslund-gräsbeck syndrome in two brothers: renal biopsy and ultrastructural findings.	in two chinese siblings with imerslund-gräsbeck syndrome, light microscopy of renal biopsies showed no remarkable change. ultrastructurally, there were small possible focal defects in the glomerular basement membrane. neither podocytes nor tubular cells showed evident change. no electron dense deposit was found. our observations on renal ultrastructure differ from the previous five reports. the literature on renal pathology of this syndrome is reviewed.	2005	1782115
new anthracycline derivatives: what for?		2005	1782058
damage to hepatic thyroxine 5'-deiodination induced by pathogenic factors of keshan disease and the preventive effects of selenium and vitamin e.	experiments were performed to investigate the change of hepatic t4 5'-deiodination and the preventive effects of selenium (se) and vitamin e in rats fed grains from a keshan disease (kd) endemic area. the results showed that consumption of the endemic grain for 8 weeks caused a significant reduction in hepatic t4 5'-monodeiodinase and glutathione peroxidase activities, and a marked enhancement of hepatic malondialdehyde content. these changes could be effectively prevented through se or vitamin ...	1991	1781930
environmental signals induce major changes in virulence of shigella spp.	growth conditions play a major role in expression of virulence by shigella spp. both in vitro (adherence and internalization in eukaryotic host cells) and in vivo (keratoconjunctivitis). optimized expression of virulence required anaerobic growth to log phase in particular media such as brain heart infusion broth. kinetic studies of guinea pig eye infections showed that as few as 2 x 10(5) s. dysenteriae cg097 or s. flexneri m90t, grown under these optimized conditions, produced keratoconjunctiv ...	1991	1778444
detection of shiga toxin-producing shigella dysenteriae type 1 and escherichia coli by using polymerase chain reaction with incorporation of digoxigenin-11-dutp.	a technique has been developed for the detection of shiga toxin- and shiga-like toxin type i (sht/slt-i)-producing shigella dysenteriae type 1 and escherichia coli by using the polymerase chain reaction with the incorporation of digoxigenin-11-dutp. target dna liberated from whole cells was amplified, using primer pairs homologous to the a-subunit genes of sht/slt-i. the ttp analog digoxigenin-11-dutp was incorporated into the reaction mixture, permitting nonradioactive labeling of the amplified ...	1991	1774316
rapid purification of hepatitis b virus dna from serum.	we describe two rapid, simple, and reliable procedures for routine purification of hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna from serum. hbv dna could be purified from 24 serum samples in 1.5 to 2 h and was recovered in the initial reaction vessel. both procedures have in common that hbv dna is complexed with silica particles in the chaotropic agent guanidinium thiocyanate (guscn) but differ in lysis conditions and in the conditions used to elute hbv dna from the silica particles after purification of the sil ...	1991	1774300
mosaic trisomy 8 associated with jejunal duplication.		1991	1773546
shigella dysenteriae 60r strain adheres to and invades tissue culture cells in the absence of virulence plasmid.	evidence is presented that a high level shiga toxin-producing strain shigella dysenteriae 60r adheres to and invades the epithelial cell lines hct8 and henle 407. the invasive phenotype of s. dysenteriae 60r differs in four ways from the heretofore studied invasive shigella phenotypes. first, s. dysenteriae 60r lacks the virulence plasmid characteristic of other invasive shigella spp. and enteroinvasive escherichia coli. second, hybridization studies show that the known ipa genes are neither pre ...	1991	1769541
structure of the o-antigen of francisella tularensis strain 15.	the o-specific polysaccharide, obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of francisella tularensis strain 15, contained 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxy-d-glucose (d-quinac), 4,6-dideoxy-4-formamido-d-glucose (d-qui4nfm), and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-galacturonamide (d-galnacan) in the ratios 1:1:2. tri- and tetra-saccharide fragments were obtained on treatment of the polysaccharide with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and partial hydrolysis with 0.1 m hydrochloric acid, respectively. on the b ...	1991	1769021
nucleotide sequence of the ipabcd structural genes of shigella dysenteriae.	a 9 kb ecori and two psti fragments from the virulence plasmid of shigella dysenteriae cg097 were shown to contain all ipa genes by probing with shigella flexneri ipab, -c, -d and -a gene probes. the dna sequences of s. dysenteriae ipabc genes were very similar to those of s. flexneri m90t and s. flexneri ysh6000, but ipad differed by 22 codons from that of s. flexneri. the differences in ipad may account for the different in vitro host specificities shown by s. dysenteriae and s. flexneri. the ...	1991	1766387
the pathogenic mechanisms of shiga toxin and the shiga-like toxins.	it is now well documented that some enteric bacteria which cause diarrhoeal and/or dysenteric disease produce, at high levels, one or more of a family of protein toxins referred to as shiga toxin and shiga-like toxins (slts; alternatively called verocytotoxins or vts). within the past few years, there have been considerable advancements made in our understanding of the biochemistry and molecular biology of shiga toxin and slts. however, the precise role of the toxins in mediating colonic disease ...	1991	1766367
rural advanced practice nurses: a decade of growth.		2006	1764326
amylin is more potent and more effective than glucagon in raising plasma glucose concentration in fasted, anesthetized rats.	amylin is a 37 amino-acid peptide secreted from the pancreatic beta-cells. it has actions on carbohydrate metabolism in vivo, including elevation of blood glucose. in this study, the hyperglycemic effect of intravenous bolus injections of amylin was compared with similar injections of glucagon in 20-hour fasted rats lightly anesthetized with halothane. administered doses ranged from 0.01 micrograms to 1000 micrograms (about 7 pmol/kg--750 nmol/kg for amylin and 8 pmol/kg--800 pmol/kg for glucago ...	1991	1764079
antimicrobial resistance trends of shigellae isolates from calabar, nigeria.	during a 3-year study (january 1986-december 1988), stools of 2200 diarrhoeal or dysenteric patients were examined by culturing and 108 (4.9%) were found positive for shigellae. shigella flexneri was the commonest species isolated (54.6%), followed by sh. dysenteriae (24.1%). patients aged less than or equal to 15 years accounted for 51.4% of cases. shigellae over the 3 years showed high and sometimes rising resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin and cotrimoxazole and complete r ...	1991	1758013
possible mechanisms underlying the slow lactose fermentation phenotype in shigella spp.	a southern hybridization analysis revealed that the region homologous to escherichia coli lacz was present on the chromosomal dnas of beta-galactosidase-positive shigella strains, such as shigella dysenteriae serovar 1 and shigella sonnei strains, whereas this region was absent from chromosomal dnas of beta-galactosidase-negative strains of shigella flexneri and shigella boydii. we found that the lacy-a region was deficient in s. dysenteriae serovar 1 and believe that this is the reason for the ...	1991	1746953
crystal structure of the cell-binding b oligomer of verotoxin-1 from e. coli.	the shiga toxin family, a group of cytotoxins associated with diarrhoeal diseases and the haemolytic uraemic syndrome, includes shiga toxin from shigella dysenteriae type 1 and verotoxins produced by enteropathogenic escherichia coli. the family belongs to the a-b class of bacterial toxins, which includes the cholera toxin family, pertussis and diphtheria toxins. these toxins all have bipartite structures consisting of an enzymatic a subunit associated with a b oligomer which binds to specific c ...	1992	1741063
characterization of shigella dysenteriae serotypes 11, 12, and 13.	we conducted serologic and biochemical studies on strains of three provisional shigella serotypes. included were 19 strains of serotype 3873-50 from three countries (1 from mexico, 1 from netherlands antilles, and 17 from the united states), 13 strains of serotype 3341-55 from three countries (1 from canada, 1 from bulgaria, and 11 from the united states), and 19 strains of serotype 19809-73 from two countries (16 from israel and 3 from the united states). reactions of these strains with homolog ...	1990	1701447
role of plasmids in virulence-associated attributes and in o-antigen expression in shigella dysenteriae type 1 strains.	the association of plasmids with virulence characters and o-antigen expression was studied in two virulent and seven avirulent mutant strains of shigella dysenteriae type 1. deletion of a 12-mda segment from a 140-mda plasmid in two smooth avirulent mutants made the derivatives avirulent in the sereny test and non-invasive in hela cells. the mutants were unable to bind congo red, and did not express the virulence marker antigen. mutants completely lacking the 140-mda plasmid also showed similar ...	1990	1700125
decreased monocyte-induced angiogenesis in scleroderma.		2006	1698391
transient cytokeratin expression in skeletal muscle during murine embryogenesis.	cytokeratin expression was investigated in paravertebral skeletal musculature of 10 d and 18 d old embryos as well as in adult nmri-mice. the muscular nature of the evaluated tissue was evidenced by their expression of vimentin and desmin. binding moieties for cytokeratin antibodies (polyclonal and monoclonal) could be demonstrated only in muscle cells of 10 d old embryos. concerning subtypes, the mouse equivalents of the human cytokeratins nos. 8, 18 and 19 could be made probable. the importanc ...	1990	1698345