Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| unique class 1 integron and multiple resistance genes co-located on inchi2 plasmid is associated with the emerging multidrug resistance of salmonella indiana isolated from chicken in china. | the objective of this study was to clarify the molecular antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of salmonella enterica serovar indiana isolated from chickens in china. a total of 327 chicken intestinal content and feces were collected in shandong, china in 2009. isolates were serotyped and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. thirty-five (10.7%) salmonella isolates were recovered, and 16 (45.7%) were salmonella enterica serovar indiana, which were resistant to at least 14 of 15 antim ... | 2013 | 23672474 |
| reducing salmonella horizontal transmission during egg incubation by phage therapy. | salmonella is a serious problem for both animal production and public health worldwide. contaminated poultry is the main vehicle of salmonella and the most important serotype is salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. in order to test the efficiency of bacteriophages to treat salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis infections in poultry, a cocktail of two phages, f1055s and f12013s, isolated from chicken litter was applied by aerosol spray on fertile eggs challenged with salmonella enteritidis. ... | 2013 | 23672473 |
| in vitro evaluation of anti-infective activity of a lactobacillus plantarum strain against salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis infections are known to exhibit worldwide prevalence with increased morbidity and mortality. the conventional strategies like antibiotic therapy and vaccination have not only proved to be of sub-optimal efficacy but also led to the development of multidrug resistant strains of salmonella. antimicrobial activities of probiotics against various enteropathogens and other health promoting effects have assumed greater significance in recent years. the present s ... | 2013 | 23668384 |
| assessment of pathogenic bacteria in treated graywater and irrigated soils. | reuse of graywater (gw) for irrigation is recognized as a sustainable solution for water conservation. one major impediment for reuse of gw is the possible presence of pathogenic microorganisms. the presence and abundance of six pathogens and indicators were investigated in three gw recirculating vertical flow constructed wetland treatment systems and their respective irrigated yard soils. the treated gw and soils were monitored once every two months for six months using real-time quantitative p ... | 2013 | 23666359 |
| prop is required for the survival of desiccated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium cells on a stainless steel surface. | consumers trust commercial food production to be safe, and it is important to strive to improve food safety at every level. several outbreaks of food-borne disease have been caused by salmonella strains associated with dried food. currently we do not know the mechanisms used by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to survive in desiccated environments. the aim of this study was to discover the responses of s. typhimurium st4/74 at the transcriptional level to desiccation on a stainless steel ... | 2013 | 23666329 |
| desirability for a typhoid fever vaccine among rural residents, pemba island, tanzania. | surveillance data indicate that salmonella enterica serotype typhi (s. typhi) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in africa. with limited anticipated short-term improvements in sanitation and water infrastructure, targeted vaccination campaigns may be an important prevention tool for typhoid fever. | 2013 | 23664993 |
| a flagellated motile salmonella gallinarum mutant (sg fla+) elicits a pro-inflammatory response from avian epithelial cells and macrophages and is less virulent to chickens. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar gallinarum biovar gallinarum (sg) is a non-flagellated bacterium which causes fowl typhoid, a systemic disease associated with high mortality in birds. it has been suggested that the absence of flagella in sg is advantageous in the early stages of systemic infection through absence of tlr-5 activation. in order to investigate this hypothesis in more detail a flagellated and motile sg mutant (sg fla(+)) was constructed. the presence of flagella incr ... | 2013 | 23664623 |
| the expression of adhesin ef-tu in response to mucin and its role in lactobacillus adhesion and competitive inhibition of enteropathogens to mucin. | to analyse the expression of ef-tu in lactobacillus strains with response to mucin exposure and its role in interfering with adhesion of enteropathogens to mucin. | 2013 | 23663754 |
| incidence, distribution, seasonality, and demographic risk factors of salmonella enteritidis human infections in ontario, canada, 2007-2009. | in canada, surveillance systems have highlighted the increasing trend of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) human infections. our study objectives were to evaluate the epidemiology of s. enteritidis infections in ontario using surveillance data from january 1, 2007 through december 31, 2009. | 2013 | 23663256 |
| morbidity among child travellers with sickle-cell disease visiting tropical areas: an observational study in a french tertiary care centre. | to examine morbidity among children with sickle-cell disease (scd) during and after travel to a tropical area. | 2013 | 23661574 |
| whole-genome sequences of four salmonella enterica serotype newport strains from humans. | salmonellosis contributes significantly to the public health burden globally. salmonella enterica serotype newport is among salmonella serotypes most associated with food-borne illness in the united states and china. it was thought to be polyphyletic and to contain different lineages. we report draft genomes of four s. newport strains isolated from humans in china. | 2013 | 23661485 |
| multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar panama carrying class 1 integrons is invasive in taiwanese children. | an increase in group d salmonella isolates with high antimicrobial resistant rates is being seen in taiwan. this study aimed to determine the multidrug-resistant (mdr, more than three antibiotics) phenotype, genotype, and the correlation between the presence of class 1 integrons and its invasiveness of salmonella panama and salmonella enteritidis isolated from children. | 2012 | 23660223 |
| raon, a small rna encoded within salmonella pathogenicity island-11, confers resistance to macrophage-induced stress. | bacterial small non-coding rnas act as important regulators that control numerous cellular processes. here we identified raon, a novel small rna encoded in the csph-enve intergenic region on salmonella pathogenicity island-11 (spi-11). raon contributes to survival under conditions of acid and oxidative stress combined with nutrient limitation, which partially mimic the intramacrophage environment. indeed, inactivation of raon reduces the intramacrophage replication of salmonella enterica serovar ... | 2013 | 23657681 |
| biotin sulfoxide reductase contributes to oxidative stress tolerance and virulence in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | oxidative stress converts sulfur residues of molecules like biotin and methionine into their oxidized forms. here we show that the biotin sulfoxide reductase bisc of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) repairs both oxidized biotin and oxidized methionine. exposure to h2o2 in vitro reduced survival of a s. typhimurium δbisc mutant. furthermore, replication of the δbisc mutant inside ifn-γ activated macrophages was reduced. in vitro tolerance of the mutant to h2o2 was restored ... | 2013 | 23657680 |
| attenuating gene expression (age) for vaccine development. | live attenuated vaccines are adept in stimulating protective immunity. methods for generating such vaccines have largely adopted strategies used with salmonella enterica. yet, when similar strategies were tested in other gram-negative bacteria, the virulence factors or genes responsible to incapacitate salmonella often failed in providing the desired outcome. consequently, conventional live vaccines rely on prior knowledge of the pathogen's virulence factors to successfully attenuate them. this ... | 2013 | 23652809 |
| living with stress: a lesson from the enteric pathogen salmonella enterica. | the ability to sense and respond to the environment is essential for the survival of all living organisms. bacterial pathogens such as salmonella enterica are of particular interest due to their ability to sense and adapt to the diverse range of conditions they encounter, both in vivo and in environmental reservoirs. during this cycling from host to non-host environments, salmonella encounter a variety of environmental insults ranging from temperature fluctuations, nutrient availability and chan ... | 2013 | 23651595 |
| resistance to essential oils affects survival of salmonella enterica serovars in growing and harvested basil. | the number of outbreaks of food-borne illness associated with consumption of fresh products has increased. a recent and noteworthy outbreak occurred in 2007. basil contaminated with salmonella enterica serovar senftenberg was the source of this outbreak. since basil produces high levels of antibacterial compounds the aim of this study was to investigate if the emerging outbreak reflects ecological changes that occurred as a result of development of resistance to ingredients of the basil oil. we ... | 2013 | 23648052 |
| sensitivity of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis, escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium to low ph, high organic acids and ensiling. | to evaluate the persistence of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (myco. paratuberculosis), salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (salm.typhimurium) and a commensal escherichia coli (e. coli) isolate under the low ph and high organic acid (oa) conditions of ensiling of forages. | 2013 | 23647636 |
| isolation and characterization of a rare waterborne lytic phage of salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b. | a lytic phage of salmonella serovar paratyphi b, named φspb, was isolated from surface waters of the pavana river in india. phage φspb is a member of the podoviridae family and is morphologically similar to the 7-11 phages of the c3 morphotype of tailed phages, characterized by a very long, cigar-shaped head. the head measured approximately 153 × 57 nm, and the tail size was 12 × 7 nm. the phage was stable over a wide range of ph (4-9) and temperature (4-40 °c). the adsorption rate constant was ... | 2013 | 23647344 |
| conflicting roles for a cell surface modification in salmonella. | chemical modifications of components of the bacterial cell envelope can enhance resistance to antimicrobial agents. why then are such modifications produced only under specific conditions? here, we address this question by examining the role of regulated variations in o-antigen length in the lipopolysaccharide (lps), a glycolipid that forms most of the outer leaflet of the outer membrane in gram-negative bacteria. we determined that activation of the pmra/pmrb two-component system, which is the ... | 2013 | 23646936 |
| low-ph rescue of acid-sensitive salmonella enterica serovar typhi strains by a rhamnose-regulated arginine decarboxylase system. | for salmonella, transient exposure to gastric ph prepares invading bacteria for the stresses of host-cell interactions. to resist the effects of low ph, wild-type salmonella enterica uses the acid tolerance response and the arginine decarboxylase acid resistance system. however, arginine decarboxylase is typically repressed under routine culture conditions, and for many live attenuated salmonella vaccine strains, the acid tolerance response is unable to provide the necessary protection. the obje ... | 2013 | 23645603 |
| effect of the temperature of the dipping solution on the antimicrobial effectiveness of various chemical decontaminants against pathogenic and spoilage bacteria on poultry. | the influence of the temperature of the dipping solution on the antimicrobial effectiveness of several chemical poultry decontaminants was assessed. a total of 765 poultry legs were inoculated with gram-positive bacteria (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus, bacillus cereus, or brochothrix thermosphacta) or gram-negative bacteria (salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis, escherichia coli, yersinia enterocolitica, or pseudomonas fluorescens). samples were dipped for 15 min in solutions ... | 2013 | 23643125 |
| development of antimicrobial coatings for improving the microbiological safety and quality of shell eggs. | this study was conducted to develop antimicrobial coatings to decontaminate and prevent cross-contamination of shell eggs. egg shells were inoculated with nalidixic acid-resistant salmonella enterica enteritidis strains ob030832, ob040159, and c405 and treated with antimicrobial coatings. polylactic acid served as a nonedible polymer, and chitosan served as an edible polymer carrier of natural antimicrobials, including nisin, allyl isothiocyanate (ait), lauric arginate ester (lae), and organic a ... | 2013 | 23643119 |
| fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) for rapid identification of salmonella spp. from agar and blood culture broth--an option for the tropics? | salmonella enterica is an important cause of diarrhea with the potential to cause systemic infection including sepsis, particularly in the tropics. sepsis in particular requires quick and reliable identification to allow a rapid optimization of antibiotic therapy. we describe the establishment and evaluation of fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) as a rapid and easy-to-perform molecular identification procedure from agar and blood culture broths. | 2013 | 23642903 |
| adjuvant effect of escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin b subunit against internal egg contamination in domestic fowl immunised with a live salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis vaccine. | this study evaluated the effect of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se) secreting escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin b subunit (ltb) protein as an adjuvant for a live se vaccine (jol919) against virulent se challenge in hens. the eltb gene encoding ltb was inserted into the asd+ β-lactamase signal plasmid pjhl65. this plasmid was transformed into δlonδcpxrδasd se to generate the ltb strain jol1228. one-hundred female domestic fowl were divided into five groups and hens in immunised ... | 2013 | 23642467 |
| intestinal invasion of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in the avian host is dose dependent and does not depend on motility and chemotaxis. | salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (s. typhimurium) can invade in the intestine of the avian host, and knowledge on the mechanisms that govern this is potentially important for prevention of disease. this study investigated the invasion of s. typhimurium in the avian host and to which extent it depended on motility and chemotaxis. wild type and previously well-characterized transposon mutants in flagella genes flic and fljb and in chemotaxis genes chea, cheb and cher were used as challenge ... | 2013 | 23642416 |
| structural and functional characterization of scsc, a periplasmic thioredoxin-like protein from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the prototypical protein disulfide bond (dsb) formation and protein refolding pathways in the bacterial periplasm involving dsb proteins have been most comprehensively defined in escherichia coli. however, genomic analysis has revealed several distinct dsb-like systems in bacteria, including the pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. this includes the scsabcd locus, which encodes a system that has been shown via genetic analysis to confer copper tolerance, but whose biochemical proper ... | 2013 | 23642141 |
| a simple technique based on a single optical trap for the determination of bacterial swimming pattern. | bacterial motility is associated to a wide range of biological processes and it plays a key role in the virulence of many pathogens. here we describe a method to distinguish the dynamic properties of bacteria by analyzing the statistical functions derived from the trajectories of a bacterium trapped by a single optical beam. the approach is based on the model of the rotation of a solid optically trapped sphere. the technique is easily implemented in a biological laboratory, since with only a sma ... | 2013 | 23637869 |
| identification and characterization of a cis-encoded antisense rna associated with the replication process of salmonella enterica serovar typhi. | antisense rnas that originate from the complementary strand of protein coding genes are involved in the regulation of gene expression in all domains of life. in bacteria, some of these antisense rnas are transcriptional noise while others play a vital role to adapt the cell to changing environmental conditions. by deep sequencing analysis of transcriptome of salmonella enterica serovar typhi, a partial rna sequence encoded in-cis to the dnaa gene was revealed. northern blot and race analysis con ... | 2013 | 23637809 |
| neutral genomic microevolution of a recently emerged pathogen, salmonella enterica serovar agona. | salmonella enterica serovar agona has caused multiple food-borne outbreaks of gastroenteritis since it was first isolated in 1952. we analyzed the genomes of 73 isolates from global sources, comparing five distinct outbreaks with sporadic infections as well as food contamination and the environment. agona consists of three lineages with minimal mutational diversity: only 846 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) have accumulated in the non-repetitive, core genome since agona evolved in 1932 and ... | 2013 | 23637636 |
| comprehensive assignment of roles for salmonella typhimurium genes in intestinal colonization of food-producing animals. | chickens, pigs, and cattle are key reservoirs of salmonella enterica, a foodborne pathogen of worldwide importance. though a decade has elapsed since publication of the first salmonella genome, thousands of genes remain of hypothetical or unknown function, and the basis of colonization of reservoir hosts is ill-defined. moreover, previous surveys of the role of salmonella genes in vivo have focused on systemic virulence in murine typhoid models, and the genetic basis of intestinal persistence an ... | 2013 | 23637626 |
| salmonella uses energy taxis to benefit from intestinal inflammation. | chemotaxis enhances the fitness of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (s. typhimurium) during colitis. however, the chemotaxis receptors conferring this fitness advantage and their cognate signals generated during inflammation remain unknown. here we identify respiratory electron acceptors that are generated in the intestinal lumen as by-products of the host inflammatory response as in vivo signals for methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (mcps). three mcps, including trg, tsr and aer, enh ... | 2013 | 23637594 |
| characterization of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium aconitase a. | aconitases (acn) are iron-sulfur proteins that catalyse the reversible isomerization of citrate and isocitrate via the intermediate cis-aconitate in the krebs cycle. some acn proteins are bi-functional and under conditions of iron starvation and oxidative stress lose their iron-sulfur clusters and become post-transcriptional regulators by binding specific mrna targets. many bacterial species possess two genetically distinct aconitase proteins, acna and acnb. current understanding of the regulati ... | 2013 | 23637460 |
| macrophage environment turns otherwise mccj25-resistant salmonella into sensitive. | microcin j25 (mccj25) is a plasmid-encoded antibiotic peptide produced by escherichia coli (e. coli). mccj25 enters into the sensitive e. coli strains by the outer membrane receptor fhua and the inner membrane proteins tonb, exbb, exbd and sbma. the resistance of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) to mccj25 is attributed to the inability of its fhua protein to incorporate the antibiotic into the cell. | 2013 | 23634875 |
| mapping and regulation of genes within salmonella pathogenicity island 12 that contribute to in vivo fitness of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella pathogenicity island 12 (spi-12) of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a 15-kb region that encompasses genes stm2230 to stm2245 and encodes a remnant phage known to contribute to bacterial virulence. in mouse infection experiments and replication assays in macrophages, we demonstrated a role for four genes in spi-12 for bacterial survival in the host. stm2239, a potential q antiterminator, showed a prominent contribution to bacterial fitness. transcriptional reporter experimen ... | 2013 | 23630960 |
| emergence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase ctx-m-2-producing salmonella enterica serovars schwarzengrund and agona in poultry farms. | 2013 | 23629722 | |
| isolation and molecular characterization of salmonella enterica serovar javiana from food, environmental and clinical samples. | a total of 50 salmonella enterica serovar javiana isolates, isolated from food, environmental and clinical samples, were analyzed for antibiotic resistance, presence of virulence genes, plasmids and plasmid replicon types. to assess the genetic diversity, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) fingerprinting and plasmid profiles were performed. all of the isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, and sulfisoxazole, and four isolates showed intermediate resistance to gentamicin ... | 2013 | 23628778 |
| inhibition of polymerase chain reaction for the detection of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica on walnut kernels. | the aim of this study was to determine whether escherichia coli o157:h7 can be reliably detected and isolated from walnut kernels using standard methods of analysis. the limit of detection approached 1 cell per analytical unit (25 g) for e. coli o157:h7 on walnut kernels enriched in modified tryptic soy broth with 20 μg/ml novobiocin and plating onto selective agar media. the presence of pcr inhibitors in walnut kernels was indicated by the failure to detect e. coli o157:h7 from culture positive ... | 2013 | 23628609 |
| the art of blocking adp-ribosyltransferases (arts): nanobodies as experimental and therapeutic tools to block mammalian and toxin arts. | in 1901, the first nobel prize in physiology or medicine was awarded to emil von behring for his ground-breaking discovery of serum therapy: serum from horses vaccinated with toxin-containing culture medium of corynebacterium diphtheriae contained life-saving 'antitoxins'. the molecular nature of the adp-ribosylating toxin and the neutralizing antibodies were unraveled only 50 years later. today, von behring's antibody therapy is being refined with a new generation of recombinant antibodies and ... | 2013 | 23627412 |
| [mutagenesis of cysteine residues in dptc from salmonella enteric serovar cerro 87 and its effects on dna phosphorothioate modification]. | dna phosphorothioate modification (dna sulfur modification, a non-bridging oxygen swapped with a sulfur) exists in diverse bacteria. salmonella enterica serovar cerro 87 is one of the bacteria that harbor the dna sulfur modification. the modification is carried out by the products of a four-membered gene cluster, dptbcde. transformation of escherichia coli dh10b with the dptbcde gene cluster endows the strain with dna sulfur modification capability. deletion of dptc abolished the modification. h ... | 2013 | 23627113 |
| salmonella enterica diversity in central californian coastal waterways. | salmonella enterica is one of the most important bacterial enteric pathogens worldwide. however, little is known about its distribution and diversity in the environment. the present study explored the diversity of 104 strains of salmonella enterica isolated over 2 years from 12 coastal waterways in central california. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and multilocus sequence typing were used to probe species diversity. seventy-four pfge patterns and 38 sequence types (sts) were found, incl ... | 2013 | 23624479 |
| loop region-specific oligonucleotide probes for loop-mediated isothermal amplification-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay truly minimize the instrument needed for detection process. | enteric fever represents a significant public health burden in less-developed countries. therefore, there is a great need for developing an improved diagnostic tool adapted to the demands of poor-resource clinical laboratories in those countries. the current study has developed a reliable loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for diagnosis of enteric fever with a minimal equipment dependency. the lamp-elisa assay involves direct incorporation of ... | 2013 | 23624347 |
| antimicrobial resistance and virulence-associated genes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotypes muenster, florian, omuna, and noya strains isolated from clinically diarrheic humans in egypt. | four serotypes recovered from clinically diarrheic human faecal samples (salmonella muenster, salmonella florian, salmonella omuna and salmonella noya) were investigated for the presence of 11 virulence genes (inva, avra, ssaq, mgtc, siid, sopb, gipa, sodc1, sope1, spvc, and bcfc) and their association with antibiotic resistance. the 4 salmonella serotypes lacked virulence genes gipa and spvc. resistance to 7 of the 14 antimicrobials was detected. the frequency of resistance, to lincomycin and s ... | 2013 | 23621859 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella isolates in pekin ducks from south korea. | an investigation was carried out to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of salmonella serotypes at south korean duck farms. a total of 7119 samples collected from 72 duck farms in five provinces were examined from 2011 to 2012. the overall prevalence of salmonella serotypes was 43.4% (69/159) in duck flocks from 65.2% (47/72) of the duck farms. eighty-five strains were isolated from 69 duck flocks. three serotypes of salmonella enterica were identified such as s. typhimurium (39/8 ... | 2013 | 23618792 |
| [antibiotic resistance and virulence factors in clinical salmonella enterica isolates]. | the increase of salmonella enterica isolates multi-resistant to different antibiotics, including β-lactams and fluoroquinolones, is a problem of clinical importance. the dissemination of salmonella typhimurium resistant to ampicillin (amp)-chloramphenicol (chl)-streptomycin (str)-sulphonamides and (sul)-tetracycline (tet), that harbour the salmonella genomic island type 1 (sgi1), and the acquisition of transferable genetic material have favoured the multi-resistance in this genus. | 2014 | 23618618 |
| evaluation of regulated delayed attenuation strategies for salmonella enterica serovar typhi vaccine vectors in neonatal and infant mice. | we developed regulated delayed attenuation strategies for salmonella vaccine vectors. in this study, we evaluated the combination of these strategies in recombinant attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhi and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine vectors with similar genetic backgrounds in vitro and in vivo. our goal is to develop a vaccine to prevent streptococcus pneumoniae infection in newborns; thus, all strains delivered a pneumococcal antigen pspa and the impact of maternal ... | 2013 | 23616408 |
| diversity of salmonella enterica serovar typhi strains collected from india using variable number tandem repeat (vntr)-pcr analysis. | typhoid fever is endemic in india, and a seasonal increase of cases is observed annually. in spite of effective therapies and the availability of vaccines, morbidity is widespread owing to the circulation of multiple genetic variants, frequent migration of asymptomatic carriers, unhygienic food practices and the emergence of multidrug resistance and thus continues to be a major public health problem in developing countries, particularly in india. classical methods of strain typing such as pulsed ... | 2013 | 23615945 |
| ovalbumin-related protein x is a heparin-binding ov-serpin exhibiting antimicrobial activities. | ovalbumin family contains three proteins with high sequence similarity: ovalbumin, ovalbumin-related protein y (ovay), and ovalbumin-related protein x (ovax). ovalbumin is the major egg white protein with still undefined function, whereas the biological activity of ovax and ovay has not yet been explored. similar to ovalbumin and ovay, ovax belongs to the ovalbumin serine protease inhibitor family (ov-serpin). we show that ovax is specifically expressed by the magnum tissue, which is responsible ... | 2013 | 23615912 |
| screening for polyphenols, antioxidant and antimicrobial activitiesof extracts from eleven helianthemum taxa (cistaceae) used in folk medicine in south-eastern spain. | the helianthemum genus contains approximately one hundred taxa. some of them are important medicinal plants used in several countries for many different purposes. however, studies addressing the phytochemistry of many of these species or their biological activities are currently nonexistent. | 2013 | 23615124 |
| survival of enteric pathogens during butterhead lettuce growth: crop stage, leaf age, and irrigation. | the survival of salmonella enterica serovar thompson and escherichia coli o157 was investigated on growing butterhead lettuce plants in the plant-growth chamber and greenhouse. all inoculation tests were made under conditions that approximate the greenhouse conditions for butterhead lettuce cultivation in flanders (belgium). the survival and proliferation of the pathogens on the leaves was determined at days 0, 4, and 8 after inoculation using standard plating techniques on selective medium. in ... | 2013 | 23614801 |
| characterization of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- clones isolated from human and other sources in switzerland between 2007 and 2011. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- is a monophasic variant of salmonella typhimurium. in this study, a total of 651 human and 107 food and environmental isolates of serovar 4,[5],12:i:- recovered from 2007 through 2011 in switzerland were characterized by antibiotic resistance profiles and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). in addition, a selection of isolates belonging to the most frequent pfge patterns was further subjected to multilocus variable-number tandem-repea ... | 2013 | 23614800 |
| divergent protein motifs direct elongation factor p-mediated translational regulation in salmonella enterica and escherichia coli. | elongation factor p (ef-p) is a universally conserved bacterial translation factor homologous to eukaryotic/archaeal initiation factor 5a. in salmonella, deletion of the efp gene results in pleiotropic phenotypes, including increased susceptibility to numerous cellular stressors. only a limited number of proteins are affected by the loss of ef-p, and it has recently been determined that ef-p plays a critical role in rescuing ribosomes stalled at ppp and ppg peptide sequences. here we present an ... | 2013 | 23611909 |
| immune-responsive gene 1 protein links metabolism to immunity by catalyzing itaconic acid production. | immunoresponsive gene 1 (irg1) is highly expressed in mammalian macrophages during inflammation, but its biological function has not yet been elucidated. here, we identify irg1 as the gene coding for an enzyme producing itaconic acid (also known as methylenesuccinic acid) through the decarboxylation of cis-aconitate, a tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate. using a gain-and-loss-of-function approach in both mouse and human immune cells, we found irg1 expression levels correlating with the amount ... | 2013 | 23610393 |
| decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility in salmonella typhi and paratyphi infections in ill-returned travellers: the impact on clinical outcome and future treatment options. | the emergence of decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility (dcs) in salmonella enterica serovar typhi and serovar paratyphi a, b or c limits treatment options. we studied the impact of dcs isolates on the fate of travellers returning with enteric fever and possible alternative treatment options. we evaluated the clinical features, susceptibility data and efficacy of empirical treatment in patients with positive blood cultures of a dcs isolate compared to patients infected with a ciprofloxacin-susce ... | 2013 | 23609512 |
| a mathematical model representing cellular immune development and response to salmonella of chicken intestinal tissue. | the aim of this study was to create a dynamic mathematical model of the development of the cellular branch of the intestinal immune system of poultry during the first 42 days of life and of its response towards an oral infection with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. the system elements were grouped in five important classes consisting of intra- and extracellular s. enteritidis bacteria, macrophages, cd4+, and cd8+ cells. twelve model variables were described by ordinary differential equa ... | 2013 | 23603730 |
| prevalence, characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella enterica and yersinia enterocolitica in pigs at slaughter in italy. | in 2005-2008, 1152 samples (451 faecal samples, 451 carcass swabs and 250 tonsils) were collected from 451 finishing pigs slaughtered in three abattoirs of northern italy. in two abattoirs, 34 scalding water samples were collected. the aim of this study was to investigate the faecal and palatine tonsil carriage rate of salmonella enterica and yersinia enterocolitica in pigs at slaughter and the degree of carcass contamination by these bacteria. typing of the isolates, virulence characterization ... | 2013 | 23603278 |
| prevalence and genetic analysis of phenotypically vi- negative salmonella typhi isolates in children from kathmandu, nepal. | the vi capsular polysaccharide (vips) protects salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serotype typhi (s.typhi) in vivo by multiple mechanisms. recent microbiological reports from typhoid endemic countries suggest that acapsulate s.typhi may occur in nature and contribute to clinical typhoid fever that is indistinguishable from disease caused by capsulate strains. the prevalence and genetic basis of vips-negative s.typhi isolates in children from kathmandu, nepal, were tested in 68 isolates. alt ... | 2013 | 23598894 |
| intestinal alkaline phosphatase prevents antibiotic-induced susceptibility to enteric pathogens. | to determine the efficacy of oral supplementation of the gut enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase (iap) in preventing antibiotic-associated infections from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) and clostridium difficile. | 2014 | 23598380 |
| nontyphoid salmonella infection: microbiology, clinical features, and antimicrobial therapy. | nontyphoid salmonella is the most common bacterial pathogen causing gastrointestinal infection worldwide. most nontyphoid salmonella infection is limited to uncomplicated gastroenteritis that seldom requires antimicrobial treatment. nevertheless, invasive infections, such as bacteremia, osteomyelitis, and meningitis, may occur and require antimicrobial therapy. continuous genetic and genomic evolution in salmonella leading to increased virulence and resistance to multiple drugs are of significan ... | 2013 | 23597525 |
| formation of biofilms under phage predation: considerations concerning a biofilm increase. | bacteriophages are emerging as strong candidates for combating bacterial biofilms. however, reports indicating that host populations can, in some cases, respond to phage predation by an increase in biofilm formation are of concern. this study investigates whether phage predation can enhance the formation of biofilm and if so, if this phenomenon is governed by the emergence of phage-resistance or by non-evolutionary mechanisms (eg spatial refuge). single-species biofilms of three bacterial pathog ... | 2013 | 23597188 |
| prognostic value of endotoxemia in patients with gram-negative bacteremia is bacterial species dependent. | the prognostic impact of endotoxemia detection in sepsis is unclear. endotoxemia is detectable in <70% of patients with gram-negative (gn) bacteremias. mortality proportion data were available from 27 published studies of patients with gn bacteremia in various settings. among ten studies restricted to specific types of gn bacteremia, endotoxemia was associated with significantly increased mortality risk for neisseria meningitidis (4 studies; 138 bacteremias; or 26.0; 95% ci, 1.6-321) but not for ... | 2013 | 23594418 |
| a prospective study of the causes of febrile illness requiring hospitalization in children in cambodia. | febrile illnesses are pre-eminent contributors to morbidity and mortality among children in south-east asia but the causes are poorly understood. we determined the causes of fever in children hospitalised in siem reap province, cambodia. | 2013 | 23593267 |
| identification of salmonella pathogenicity island-2 type iii secretion system effectors involved in intramacrophage replication of s. enterica serovar typhimurium: implications for rational vaccine design. | salmonella enterica serovars cause severe diseases in humans, such as gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. the development of systemic disease is dependent on a type iii secretion system (t3ss) encoded by salmonella pathogenicity island-2 (spi-2). translocation of effector proteins across the salmonella-containing vacuole, via the spi-2 t3ss, enables bacterial replication within host cells, including macrophages. here, we investigated the contribution of these effectors to intramacrophage replicat ... | 2013 | 23592259 |
| prospects for prevention of salmonella infection in children through vaccination. | strains of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica are amongst the most commonly identified invasive bacterial pathogens in resource-poor settings, and cause significant mortality, particularly in children. in this study we review recent progress in the development of vaccines against s. typhi, s. paratyphi and nontyphoidal salmonella for children. | 2013 | 23591641 |
| antimicrobial resistance patterns and genotypes of salmonella enterica serovar hadar strains associated with human infections in switzerland, 2005-2010. | salmonella hadar ranks in the top ten serovars reported from humans in switzerland. in this study, all 64 s. hadar strains isolated from different patients from 2005 to 2010 in switzerland were characterized by (i) assessing phenotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles using the disk diffusion method and (ii) by genotyping using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) in order to evaluate the relationship of the strains. the annual incidences varied between 0.32/100,000 in 2005 (highest incidenc ... | 2014 | 23591052 |
| transcription networks responsible for early regulation of salmonella-induced inflammation in the jejunum of pigs. | the aim of this study was to identify transcription factors/regulators that play a crucial role in steering the (innate) immune response shortly (within a few hours) after the first contact of the intestinal mucosa with an inflammatory mediator, and to test whether the processes regulated by these factors/regulators can be modulated by chemical substances of natural origin. | 2013 | 23590759 |
| evidence that a metabolic microcompartment contains and recycles private cofactor pools. | microcompartments are loose protein cages that encapsulate enzymes for particular bacterial metabolic pathways. these structures are thought to retain and perhaps concentrate pools of small, uncharged intermediates that would otherwise diffuse from the cell. in salmonella enterica, a microcompartment encloses enzymes for ethanolamine catabolism. the cage has been thought to retain the volatile intermediate acetaldehyde but allow diffusion of the much larger cofactors nad and coenzyme a (coa). ge ... | 2013 | 23585538 |
| evolution of pan-genomes of escherichia coli, shigella spp., and salmonella enterica. | multiple sequencing of genomes belonging to a bacterial species allows one to analyze and compare statistics and dynamics of the gene complements of species, their pan-genomes. here, we analyzed multiple genomes of escherichia coli, shigella spp., and salmonella enterica. we demonstrate that the distribution of the number of genomes harboring a gene is well approximated by a sum of two power functions, describing frequent genes (present in many strains) and rare genes (present in few strains). t ... | 2013 | 23585535 |
| the calcium-stimulated lipid a 3-o deacylase from rhizobium etli is not essential for plant nodulation. | the lipid a component of lipopolysaccharide from the nitrogen-fixing plant endosymbiont, rhizobium etli, is structurally very different from that found in most enteric bacteria. the lipid a from free-living r. etli is structurally heterogeneous and exists as a mixture of species which are either pentaacylated or tetraacylated. in contrast, the lipid a from r. etli bacteroids is reported to consist exclusively of tetraacylated lipid a species. the tetraacylated lipid a species in both cases lack ... | 2013 | 23583844 |
| antibacterial activity and mode of action of a commercial citrus fruit extract. | this study addresses the antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of bioll(+®), a commercial extract obtained from citrus fruits. | 2013 | 23581704 |
| emergence of salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1) among proteus mirabilis clinical isolates in dijon, france. | salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1) is often encountered in antibiotic-resistant salmonella enterica and exceptionally in proteus mirabilis. we investigated the prevalence of sgi1-producing clinical isolates of p. mirabilis in our hospital (dijon, france). | 2013 | 23580563 |
| comparison of quantitative pcr and flow cytometry as cellular viability methods to study bacterial membrane permeabilization following supercritical co2 treatment. | foodborne illness due to bacterial pathogens is increasing worldwide as a consequence of the higher consumption of fresh and minimally processed food products, which are more easily cross-contaminated. the efficiency of food pasteurization methods is usually measured by c.f.u. plate counts, a method discriminating viable from dead cells on the basis of the ability of cells to replicate and form colonies on standard growth media, thus ignoring viable but not cultivable cells. supercritical co2 (s ... | 2013 | 23579687 |
| effects of pesticides on the reduction of plant and human pathogenic bacteria in application water. | overhead spray applications of in-field tomato treatments dissolved in aqueous solutions have specific pest targets (fungal, bacterial, insect, or other). any organism present in the solution or on treated plant surfaces that is not a specific target of the application is unlikely inactivated and can instead be spread through the phyllosphere. in this laboratory study, commercially labeled pesticides (including actigard 50wg, bravo weather stik 6f, cabrio 20eg, kasumin, kocide 3000 46wg, oxidate ... | 2013 | 23575141 |
| primers with 5' flaps improve the efficiency and sensitivity of multiplex pcr assays for the detection of salmonella and escherichia coli o157:h7. | foodborne illnesses caused by salmonella enterica and escherichia coli o157:h7 are worldwide health concerns. rapid, sensitive, and robust detection of these pathogens in foods and in clinical and environmental samples is essential for routine food quality testing, effective surveillance, and outbreak investigations. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on pcr sensitivity of adding a short, at-rich overhanging nucleotide sequence (flap) to the 5' end of pcr primers specific for the d ... | 2013 | 23575131 |
| salmonella enterica biofilm formation and density in the centers for disease control and prevention's biofilm reactor model is related to serovar and substratum. | foodborne pathogens can attach to, and survive on, food contact surfaces for long periods by forming a biofilm. salmonella enterica is the second most common cause of foodborne illness in ireland. the ability of s. enterica to form a biofilm could contribute to its persistence in food production areas, leading to cross-contamination of products and surfaces. arising from a large foodborne outbreak of s. enterica serovar agona associated with a food manufacturing environment, a hypothesis was for ... | 2013 | 23575130 |
| comparison of an isothermal amplification and bioluminescence detection of dna method and iso 6579:2002 for the detection of salmonella enterica serovars in retail meat samples. | the aim of the study was the comparative evaluation of an isothermal amplification and bioluminescence detection of dna (imbd) method and method iso 6579:2002 for detection of salmonella in retail meat products of unknown contamination status. a total of 200 meat samples were tested: 116 minced meat and meat preparations to be eaten cooked (52 chicken, 48 pork, and 16 beef samples) and 84 fresh meat samples (68 poultry and 16 pork). with one or both methods, 21 samples (10.5%) were positive for ... | 2013 | 23575129 |
| comparative analysis of the susceptibility to triclosan and three other biocides of avian salmonella enterica isolates collected 1979 through 1994 and 2004 through 2010. | few studies have been conducted on changes in the susceptibility of bacteria due to long-term use of biocides. a total of 375 avian salmonella isolates collected in germany from healthy or diseased animals during two time periods, 1979 through 1994 and 2004 through 2010, were included in the present study. the isolates were tested for their mics of triclosan, acriflavine, benzalkonium chloride, and chlorhexidine by broth macrodilution. mic50, mic90, and the distribution of mics were compared. th ... | 2013 | 23575128 |
| lateral transfer, vertical translocation, and survival of inoculated bacteria during moisture enhancement of pork. | lateral transfer, vertical translocation, and survival of bacteria during moisture enhancement of pork were investigated under laboratory conditions. in the first experiment, a pork loin was surface inoculated with escherichia coli biotype i and moisture enhanced with brine to 10%. after the inoculated loin had been injected, four uninoculated loins were processed in the same manner, without cleaning or sanitizing the injector equipment. samples were collected from both the surface and the inter ... | 2013 | 23575120 |
| new sub-family of lysozyme-like proteins shows no catalytic activity: crystallographic and biochemical study of stm3605 protein from salmonella typhimurium. | phage viruses that infect prokaryotes integrate their genome into the host chromosome; thus, microbial genomes typically contain genetic remnants of both recent and ancient phage infections. often phage genes occur in clusters of atypical g+c content that reflect integration of the foreign dna. however, some phage genes occur in isolation without other phage gene neighbors, probably resulting from horizontal gene transfer. in these cases, the phage gene product is unlikely to function as a compo ... | 2013 | 23572252 |
| a culture-independent sequence-based metagenomics approach to the investigation of an outbreak of shiga-toxigenic escherichia coli o104:h4. | identification of the bacterium responsible for an outbreak can aid in disease management. however, traditional culture-based diagnosis can be difficult, particularly if no specific diagnostic test is available for an outbreak strain. | 2013 | 23571589 |
| synergistic effect between colistin and bacteriocins in controlling gram-negative pathogens and their potential to reduce antibiotic toxicity in mammalian epithelial cells. | pathogens resistant to most conventional antibiotics are a harbinger of the need to discover novel antimicrobials and anti-infective agents and develop innovative strategies to combat them. the aim of this study was to assess the in vitro activity of colistin alone or in combination with two bacteriocins, nisin a and pediocin pa-1/ach, against salmonella choleraesuis atcc 14028, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853, yersinia enterocolitica atcc 9610, and escherichia coli atcc 35150 (o157:h7). the s ... | 2013 | 23571533 |
| development and application of a multiplex pcr assay for rapid detection of 4 major bacterial pathogens in ducks. | infections with pasteurella multocida, salmonella enterica, riemerella anatipestifer, and escherichia coli result in high morbidity and mortality, which cause significant economic loss in the poultry industry. it can be difficult to distinguish these pathogens based on clinical signs because these pathogens can cause similar clinical signs and coinfections can occur. thus, rapid and sensitive detection of these 4 major bacterial pathogens are important in ducks. the aim of this study was to deve ... | 2013 | 23571324 |
| evolution of inchi1 plasmids: two distinct lineages. | the inchi1 plasmid psrc27-h from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium carries a region containing several genes that confer resistance to different antibiotics, and this resistance region is in the same position as related resistance regions in a group of sequenced inchi1 plasmids from various sources that includes phcm1. four further additional segments are found in phcm1 relative to another inchi1 plasmid, r27. using pcr or dna sequencing to detect the presence or absence of each of these a ... | 2013 | 23567475 |
| cross-sectional study examining salmonella enterica carriage in subiliac lymph nodes of cull and feedlot cattle at harvest. | bovine peripheral lymph nodes (lns), including subiliac lns, have been identified as a potential source of human exposure to salmonella enterica, when adipose trim containing these nodes is incorporated into ground beef. in order to gain a better understanding of the burden of s. enterica in peripheral lns of feedlot and cull cattle, a cross-sectional study was undertaken in which 3327 subiliac lns were collected from cattle at harvest in seven plants, located in three geographically distinct re ... | 2013 | 23566273 |
| characterization of bla(shv) genes on plasmids from escherichia coli and salmonella enterica isolates from canadian food animals (2006-2007). | bla(shv) genes from escherichia coli and salmonella enterica isolates from chicken (n = 19) and pork (n = 1) were identified as bla(shv-2) (n = 5) or bla(shv-2a) (n = 15). eighteen were on plasmids of the inci1 (n = 15), incp (n = 2), and incfib (n = 1) incompatibility groups. these plasmids were all transferable by conjugation between e. coli and s. enterica. | 2013 | 23563948 |
| detection and differentiation of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in mung bean sprouts using field deployable label-free sers devices. | vancomycin functionalized silver nanorod arrays substrates were used to obtain the surface enhanced raman scattering (sers) signals of six foodborne pathogenic bacteria in mung bean sprouts samples using both a portable and a handheld raman system. the silver nanorod arrays substrates were optimized to facilitate quantitative, rapid, and sensitive detection of salmonella enterica serotype anatum, salmonella enterica serotype cubana, salmonella enterica serotype stanley, salmonella enteritidis, e ... | 2013 | 23563168 |
| structural insight into the giant ca²⁺-binding adhesin siie: implications for the adhesion of salmonella enterica to polarized epithelial cells. | siie from salmonella enterica is a giant 5,559-residue-long nonfimbrial adhesin that is secreted by a type 1 secretion system (t1ss) and initiates bacterial adhesion to polarized host cells. structural insight has been gained into the 53 bacterial ig-like (big) domains of siie, which account for 94% of the entire siie sequence. the crystal structure of a fragment comprising big domains 50 to 52 of siie reveals the big domain architecture and highlights two types of siie-specific ca²⁺-binding sit ... | 2013 | 23562396 |
| ligands affecting silver antimicrobial efficacy on listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica. | although silver is being extensively used in food or other applications as the key component to control microbial proliferation, many factors affecting its real potential are still unknown. in the present work, the presence of specific ligands or the contents in organic matter was correlated with silver speciation and its antibacterial performance. silver was found to be only active in form of free silver ions (fsi). the presence of chloride ions produced an equilibrium of stable silver chloride ... | 2013 | 23561107 |
| active films based on cocoa extract with antioxidant, antimicrobial and biological applications. | novel films of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (evoh) containing flavonoid-rich cocoa were developed. to understand their potential application as active packaging material, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the films were determined as well as the antioxidant activity of the release compounds in caco-2 human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. exposure of the films to aqueous food simulant showed antioxidant capacity. the release of cocoa extract components was dependent on t ... | 2013 | 23561077 |
| molecular clonality and antimicrobial resistance in salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis and infantis from broilers in three northern regions of iran. | multidrug-resistant salmonella strains are frequently encountered problems worldwide with considerable increased occurrences in recent years. the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and frequency of antimicrobial resistance and associated resistance genes in salmonella isolates from broiler farms in different regions of iran covering a time period of four years. | 2013 | 23561048 |
| modulation of humoral and cell-mediated immunity against avian influenza and newcastle disease vaccines by oral administration of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing chicken interleukin-18. | interleukin-18 (il-18) has been known to induce interferon-γ (ifn-γ) production and promote th1 immunity. although mammalian il-18 has been characterized in great detail, the properties and application of chicken il-18 remain largely uninvestigated as of yet. in this study, we evaluated the immunomodulatory properties of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing chicken interleukin-18 (chil-18) on immune responses induced by avian influenza (ai) and newcastle disease (nd) vaccines. afte ... | 2013 | 23559899 |
| salmonella modulates metabolism during growth under conditions that induce expression of virulence genes. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is a facultative pathogen that uses complex mechanisms to invade and proliferate within mammalian host cells. to investigate possible contributions of metabolic processes to virulence in s. typhimurium grown under conditions known to induce expression of virulence genes, we used a metabolomics-driven systems biology approach coupled with genome-scale modeling. first, we identified distinct metabolite profiles associated with bacteria grown ... | 2013 | 23559334 |
| cell-free culture supernatant of bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines in human dendritic cells challenged with salmonella typhi through tlr activation. | dendritic cells (dcs) constitute the first point of contact between gut commensals and our immune system. despite growing evidence of the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics, the interactions between the cells of the intestinal immune system and bacteria remain largely unknown. indeed,, the aim of this work was to determine whether the probiotic bifidobacterium breve cncm i-4035 and its cell-free culture supernatant (cfs) have immunomodulatory effects in human intestinal-like dendritic cells ... | 2013 | 23555025 |
| nitric oxide as a biomarker of intracellular salmonella viability and identification of the bacteriostatic activity of protein kinase a inhibitor h-89. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is one of the most prevalent salmonella serovars in poultry and is often associated with human salmonellosis. s. enteritidis is known to suppress nitric oxide (no) production in infected chicken macrophage hd11 cells, while dead s. enteritidis stimulates a high level of no production, suggesting a bacterial inhibitory effect on no production. based on these observations, the present study was conducted to evaluate whether no production in s. enteritidis-in ... | 2013 | 23554945 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium skills to succeed in the host: virulence and regulation. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a primary enteric pathogen infecting both humans and animals. infection begins with the ingestion of contaminated food or water so that salmonellae reach the intestinal epithelium and trigger gastrointestinal disease. in some patients the infection spreads upon invasion of the intestinal epithelium, internalization within phagocytes, and subsequent dissemination. in that case, antimicrobial therapy, based on fluoroquinolones and expanded-spectrum cephal ... | 2013 | 23554419 |
| o-antigen repeat number in salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is important for egg contamination, colonisation of the chicken reproductive tract and survival in egg albumen. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is a major cause of human gastrointestinal disease, infection being due in large part to consumption of contaminated eggs. the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of salmonella is known to play a role in colonisation of the host and survival in hostile conditions including egg albumen. we investigated the contribution of lps o-antigen length to colonisation of the reproductive tract of laying hens, contamination of eggs and survival in albumen. we show that expressio ... | 2013 | 23551176 |
| increased detection of invasive enteropathogenic bacteria in pre-incubated blood culture materials by real-time pcr in comparison with automated incubation in sub-saharan africa. | invasive enteropathogenic bacteria can cause systemic infections. data from studies with pcr detection suggest, at least for salmonella enterica, that blood culture may lead to underestimation in the tropics. corresponding data are lacking for other invasive enteropathogenic bacteria. we compared classical blood culture and molecular methods for the diagnosis of blood infections. | 2013 | 23547567 |
| denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of 16s ribosomal dna to monitor changes in mouse gut bacterial communities during salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis latent infection. | changes in intestinal microbial flora during a 4-week period of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis colonization in resistant mice (latent carrier animals) were evaluated using a culture independent method involving denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. the contents of the ileocecal portion of the intestines produced 26 bands. fifty-seven percent of the bands were expressed in more than 80% of the samples. forty percent of the bands present in the negative control were common to all sampl ... | 2013 | 23546981 |
| simultaneous detection of salmonella pathogenicity island 2 and its antibiotic resistance genes from seafood. | salmonella enterica serovars are virulent pathogens of humans and animals with many strains possessing multiple drug resistance traits. they have been found to carry resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline (acssut-resistant). a rapid and sensitive multiplex pcr (mpcr)-based assay was developed for the detection of salmonella serovars from seafood. six sets of primers which are one primer pair targeting salmonella specific gene inva (28 ... | 2013 | 23545447 |
| toll-like receptor 5-dependent immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a recombinant fusion protein vaccine containing the nontoxic domains of clostridium difficile toxins a and b and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium flagellin in a mouse model of clostridium difficile disease. | clostridium difficile is a spore-forming bacillus that produces toxin-mediated enteric disease. c. difficile expresses two major virulence factors, toxin a (tcda) and toxin b (tcdb). human and animal studies demonstrate a clear association between humoral immunity to these toxins and protection against c. difficile infection (cdi). the receptor binding-domains (rbds) of tcda and tcdb are known to be immunogenic. here, we tested the immunoadjuvant properties of salmonella enterica serovar typhimu ... | 2013 | 23545305 |