Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| a claim for a mycobacterium leprae specific antigen. | 1981 | 6788723 | |
| failure to detect o-diphenoloxidase in cultivable mycobacteria obtained from feral armadillos. | 1980 | 6783793 | |
| [a model for growing mycobacteria from leprous tissues placed in aliphatic hydrocarbons, tetradecane, a preliminary report]. | strains of mycobacteria were regularly cultured from human and armadillo lepromata in liquid media, supplemented with tetradecane and dimethylsulfoxide. these substances had to be emulsified with heavy inoculum in order to obtain positive subcultures in the tetradecane-dmso media. the use of nonpurified suspension of host-grown cells was advantageous for the primary cultivation. subcultures were grown in the inorganic salt-tetradecane-dimethyl-sulfoxide liquid media. strains did not grown on löw ... | 1980 | 6782815 |
| cultivation of m. leprae in cell-free, semi-synthetic media. | attempts to cultivate m. leprae in cell-free, semi-synthetic media of various forms with lowered oxidation-reduction potential after due consideration of the biological significance of the acid-fastness of mycobacteria, resulted in the growth of this organism to the extent of visible to the naked eye. studies on the nutritional requirements at 30 degrees c, suggesting to have quite similar enzyme system as other bacterial species, if not quantitatively, but at least qualitatively. successful cul ... | 1980 | 6782814 |
| antigenic evaluation of mycobacterium vaccae in relation to mycobacterium leprae. | immunodiffusion analysis of mycobacterium vaccae indicated the presence of at least nine antigens. using the technique of fused rocket immunoelectrophoresis, at least 13 such antigens were detected. comparative analysis of the m. vaccae antigen-antibody system with similar systems established for other mycobacterial species showed that m. vaccae shared a significant number of antigens with both typical and atypical mycobacteria. these included the already described beta and delta antigens that a ... | 1980 | 6782031 |
| a possible method for improving the efficacy of dapsone. | the antileprosy drug dapsone is unable to penetrate intact mycobacterium leprae in vitro, as determined by its effect on o-diphenoloxidase in the bacilli. when combined with the peptide polylysine, the sulfone drug passes through the bacterial cell membranes, and penetrates the enzyme protein, resulting in a 100% inhibition of its activity. | 1980 | 6781921 |
| antibodies to mycobacteria in human tuberculosis. ii. response to nine defined mycobacterial antigens with evidence for an antibody common to tuberculosis and lepromatous leprosy. | antibodies to mycobacterial antigens were found in the sera of 33 of 52 patients with active tuberculosis by microimmunodiffusion tests. the highest titered sera were examined by a technique in which sera are placed in an intermediate gel between a reference goat antiserum field and a gel containing the antigens separated by one-dimensional electrophoresis. special patterns caused by the presence of patient's serum during the two-dimensional electrophoresis showed that nine distinct antibodies c ... | 1980 | 6780633 |
| an assay for antibodies in leprosy sera reacting with ribonucleoprotein (rnp), a mycobacterial ribosomal antigen, using crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel. | the technique of crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel has been adapted to provide a quantitative assay for antibodies to a mycobacterial ribosomal antigen termed ribonucleoprotein (rnp) antigen. this antigen is no. 1 in the m. smegmatis reference system and corresponds to antigen no. 5 of m. leprae. the assay method measures changes in the rate of migration of the reference precipitin peak caused by the addition of serum in the intermediate gel and utilizes a lepromatous serum poo ... | 1980 | 6777312 |
| inhibition of the incorporation of [3h]dopa in mycobacterium leprae by desoxyfructo-serotonin. | 1980 | 6775637 | |
| production of a suppressor factor by human adherent cells treated with mycobacteria. | human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (mn) proliferation and lymphokine production induced by mitogen could be inhibited by heat killed whole mycobacteria. the inhibition was induced by a wide variety of mycobacteri but not by other gram-positive or gram-negative organisms or by latex particles. proliferation and lymphokine production by adherent cell-depleted lymphocytes was not inhibited by these organisms. adherent cells treated with mycobacteria had the ability to inhibit lymphocyte blasto ... | 1980 | 6774019 |
| case for diagnosis. | 1980 | 6772986 | |
| [acid-fast bacilli in the water of the lake of aleixo]. | the presence of acid-fast bacilli in the waters of the lake of aleixo is recorded. this site is a hanseniasis colony. the physical-chemical environment of this lake is described by an annual cycle and it is intended to relate the quality of the water to the highest or to the lowest frequency of detected mycobacteria. it is suggested that the work in this lake system should be continued towards a more specific characterization of these microorganisms and the determination of their viability. | 1982 | 6764920 |
| mast cell and mycobacterium leprae in experimental leprosy. | the association of mast cells and lepra bacilli was studied in the foot pad skin of immunosuppressed mice inoculated with 10(5) lepra bacilli. the mice were killed at intervals varying from 2 1/2-14 months postinoculation. m. leprae are found in large numbers in nerves, blood vessels, muscle fibres, hair follicles, sweat and sebaceous glands. mastocytosis and extensive degranulation are seen at similar sites. since these are the structures most affected in leprosy where the lepra bacilli and deg ... | 1982 | 6764919 |
| [comparison of the stamp specimens with histopathological tissue sections of the ear lobe]. | 1982 | 6764762 | |
| dna isolated from mycobacterium leprae: genome size, base ratio, and homology with other related bacteria as determined by optical dna-dna reassociation. | dna derived from mycobacterium leprae (grown in armadillos) was isolated, purified, and analyzed spectrophotometrically. the genome size and guanine-plus-cytosine content of m. leprae were 1.3 x 10(9) and 55.8%, respectively. among selected strains of mycobacterial, nocardial and corynebacterial species, corynebacterium sp. 2628 lb, isolated from a human leprosy patient, showed the highest dna homology with m. leprae. of the dnas derived from mycobacteria, those of m. tuberculosis and m. scroful ... | 1982 | 6764515 |
| the microscopical pattern of growth of mycobacterium leprae-murium "douglas" in microcolonies. | a thin section technique of ogawa egg yolk culture medium inoculated with mycobacterium leprae-murium was found to reveal microscopical growth of the strain which could not be demonstrated by macroscopical examination. a peculiar structure of the growth, characterized by many lytic spots different in size, was observed indicating the possible presence of a temperate phage which may interfere with the synthesis of nucleic acids needed for the active multiplication of m. leprae-murium. | 1982 | 6764333 |
| an appraisal of medical research in the treatment and control of leprosy. | 1982 | 6763969 | |
| susceptibility of the host--role of non-genetic factors. | 1982 | 6763968 | |
| immune status of subsided cases of tuberculoid (tt) and borderline tuberculoid (bt) leprosy. | a comparative study of lepromin reactions (early and late), m. leprae induced lymphocyte blastogenesis, per cent t cell number in peripheral blood and immunoglobulin (igg, iga and igm) levels have been made in tt-active, tt-subsided, bt-active and bt-subsided leprosy cases. no significant difference has been noted amongst these groups in the above mentioned investigations except in subsided bt cases where 9 out of 11 cases failed to evoke any late skin reaction to dharmendra antigen. in addition ... | 1982 | 6763967 |
| mouse foot-pad growth patterns of m. leprae in relation to morphological index. | 1982 | 6763966 | |
| a study of continuous bacillaemia in borderline and lepromatous type of leprosy. | the present work has established beyond doubt that bacillaemia occurs practically in all cases of borderline and lepromatous leprosy. the number of bacilli in the blood is significantly high, to the tune of 4,000 bacilli per ml. even so, it does not produce any adverse symptoms of septicaemia. special emphasis was laid in the present study for determining the continuity or otherwise of bacillaemia. some of the patients had continuous bacillaemia according to the criteria fixed in the present stu ... | 1982 | 6763965 |
| quantitative analysis of the sequence of nerve damage in experimental leprosy. | 1982 | 6763964 | |
| leprosy--a disease of the schwann cell. | 1982 | 6763963 | |
| leprosy and tuberculosis. | 1982 | 6763794 | |
| failure to validate the growth of mycobacterium leprae on m-y 14b agar medium. | confirmation experiments on colony formation of m. leprae on the m-y 14b agar medium developed by murohashi and yoshida were carried out for two years independently by individual members of an organized research group, according to the method described by murohashi and yoshida. the results obtained can be summarized as follows: a) no colony production by m. leprae on m-y 14b agar medium was seen. b) no increase in the number of cells of m. leprae on m-y 14b agar medium during cultivation was see ... | 1982 | 6763005 |
| the morphology of bacilli at different levels of the dermal infiltrate in lepromatous leprosy. | the morphological index (mi) of bacilli at three levels of the granuloma in 20 skin biopsies from untreated lepromatous patients has been recorded. the more superficial part of the granuloma and the subepidermal free zone showed a significantly higher mi, compared to the mid and lower zones. possible reasons for this non-uniform distribution of morphologically intact bacilli are discussed. | 1982 | 6763004 |
| in vitro lymphocyte stimulation in patients with lepromatous and borderline tuberculoid leprosy. the effect of dapsone treatment on the response to mycobacterium leprae antigens, tuberculin purified protein derivative and non-mycobacterial stimulants. | lymphocytes from peripheral blood were isolated from leprosy patients and healthy contacts (hc) of leprosy patients and stimulated in vitro with: mycobacterium leprae and a m. leprae cell wall antigen, mlw 1; tuberculin purified protein derivative (ppd); antigens prepared from candida albicans, entamoeba histolytica, leishmania aethiopica, and parotitis virus; the non-specific mitogens phytohemagglutinin (pha) and concanavalin a (con-a). lymphocytes from patients with untreated lepromatous lepro ... | 1982 | 6763003 |
| immunotherapy with a mixture of mycobacterium leprae and bcg in different forms of leprosy and in mitsuda-negative contacts. | a total of 529 weak or non-reactors to m. leprae, including mitsuda-negative contacts and patients with leprosy, were vaccinated once or repeatedly, as necessary, with a mixture of 6 x 10(8) purified, heat-killed m. leprae and 0.01 mg to 0.2 mg of viable bcg. clinical, histopathological and immunological criteria were used to evaluate the response of these individuals. clinical changes, including sharper definition of borders and progressive flattening and regression of lesions, were observed in ... | 1982 | 6763002 |
| adherence of mycobacterium leprae to macrophage as an indicator of pathogen induced membrane changes. | 1982 | 6762986 | |
| attempts to establish host cells for mycobactrium leprae in vitro by hibridizing mouse macrophages and hela cells. | 1982 | 6762775 | |
| chemotherapy of the mycobacterial diseases--leprosy and tuberculosis. | 1982 | 6762341 | |
| serological approaches for the characterization of catalase in tissue-derived mycobacteria. | cell-free extracts of mycobacterium lepraemurium from mouse liver and m. leprae from armadillo liver were analysed for the presence of any mycobacterial catalase by using the specific inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and seroprecipitation titrations. these studies clearly demonstrated the presence of a "t" type of mycobacterial catalase in m. lepraemurium and placed it, in terms of immunological distance, in a position between m. tuberculosis and m. avium. the results did not reveal any detectab ... | 1982 | 6762127 |
| use of a unit gravity sedimentation chamber for the purification of mycobacterium leprae. | the present paper summarizes results concerning a mild isolation method of mycobacterium lepraemurium and m. bovis-bcg from host tissues, and describes the application of such a method in purifying m. leprae (m1) from either infected armadillo tissues or human skin biopsies. this isolation method consists of homogenization, two-phase partition in dextranpolyethylene glycol and finally sedimentation in sucrose gradient using a unit gravity chamber. such a purified m1 preparation appears to be dev ... | 1982 | 6762126 |
| the use of subcellular components of bcg for studying host-mycobacterium interaction in relation to leprosy. | 1982 | 6760793 | |
| structure of the wall polysaccharide isolated from a group of corynebacteria. | 1982 | 6759115 | |
| [vaccination against leprosy]. | 1982 | 6758711 | |
| effect of freezing mycobacterium leprae in tissues. | the effects of freezing tissues from m. leprae-infected armadillos as well as biopsy specimens from leprosy patients have been studied. no loss of viability of m. leprae was observed using mouse foot pad technique. similarly, using bioluminescent determinations of bacterial atp, it was shown that these bacilli retain all their metabolic activity during such freezing and thawing process. the practical implications of these findings have been discussed. | 1982 | 6757579 |
| solid, fragmented and granular index as one of the parameters in drug trials. | a bacteriological study of the skin smears of 108 bacteriologically positive cases of leprosy, 30 of them untreated, has been undertaken. in each case solid, fragmented and granular (sfg) index, bacteriological index (bi) and morphological index (mi) of skin smears from 4 sites were calculated. the results show that sfg index together with bi can be used as one of the parameters in drug trials. the importance of sfg index in research and as a routine laboratory procedure in leprosy control units ... | 1982 | 6757578 |
| drug resistance and multi-drug therapy in leprosy. | 1982 | 6757576 | |
| iga, igm and igg anti-m. leprae antibodies in babies of leprosy mothers during the first 2 years of life. | iga, igm and igg anti-m. leprae antibody activity was estimated by solid phase radioimmunoassay in repeated serum samples from cord sera to sera taken 2 years after birth from 29 babies of mothers with lepromatous leprosy (group 1) and 16 babies of mothers with tuberculoid leprosy and non-leprosy control mothers (group 2). iga anti-m. leprae antibody activity could be detected in 30% and igm anti-m. leprae antibody activity in 50% of cord sera from group 1, but not in any of the cord sera from g ... | 1982 | 6756719 |
| radiolabelled m. leprae resident in human macrophage cultures as an in vitro indicator of effective immunity in human leprosy. | twelve strains of human derived, freshly extracted m. leprae maintained within human macrophages showed a 2.1-13.2-fold increase in the incorporation of 3h-thymidine compared to parallel cultures containing heat-killed bacilli of the same strain. the addition of antigen stimulated lymphokines from five paucibacillary, tuberculoid leprosy patients resulted in the inhibition of the uptake of the radiolabel by 49-87%. minimal, or no, inhibition was noted in the presence of similar culture supernata ... | 1982 | 6756718 |
| [study of experimental leprosy in nude-mice inoculated with m. leprae--light and electron microscopic findings]. | 1981 | 6754678 | |
| cultivation, the neglected priority. | 1982 | 6754641 | |
| significance of antibody studies in leprosy and experimental models of the disease. | 1982 | 6754640 | |
| class specific anti-mycobacterium leprae antibody assay in lepromatous leprosy (bl-ll) patients during the first two to four years of dds treatment. | previously, a slight decrease in antibodies against m. leprae antigen 7 was demonstrated after one year of dapsone (dds) treatment in 14 of 15 patients with lepromatous (bl-ll) leprosy. the same patients have now received dds from 11/2 to 4 years (median 3 years) and sera taken at the start, during, and at the end of the observation period have been retested for antibodies against m. leprae antigen 7 by radioimmunoassay and tested for iga-, igm-, and igg-anti-m. leprae antibody activity by solid ... | 1982 | 6754639 |
| sensitization or tolerance to mycobacterium leprae antigen by route of injection. | aqueous suspensions of heat-killed mycobacterium leprae in a dose of 10(7) organisms were highly immunogenic when injected intradermally (i.d.). the same dose of bacteria did not sensitize when given intraperitoneally (i.p.) or intravenously (i.v.), and did so only minimally at best when given subcutaneously. the i.d. route was the most immunogenic for sheep erythrocytes also. m. leprae injected i.p. or i.v. stimulated immune tolerance to m. leprae challenge i.d. in older mice (greater than or e ... | 1982 | 6754621 |
| leprosy: the epidemiology of a slow bacterium. | 1982 | 6754406 | |
| discrepancy in the histopathological features of leprosy lesions in the skin and peripheral nerve. report of a preliminary study. | simultaneous biopsies of the skin and a cutaneous nerve were done in 36 randomly selected leprosy patients and the histopathological features of the lesion in the two tissues were compared. a discrepancy was noticed in 21 instances. in 19 of these cases the lesions in the nerve were found to be immunologically more deficient and were also bacillated, even when the skin lesion had cleared or regressed. the implications of the findings are discussed and the need for further studies is emphasized. | 1982 | 6752578 |
| clinico-pathological study of so-called immune zones in leprosy. | the clinical, bacteriological and histopathological features were studied in 20 cases of leprosy (10 ll + 10 bl) from the so-called immune zones i.e. axilla, groin, and a narrow transverse band of skin over the lumbosacral region of the body. apparently uninvolved skin over the chest was studied as control site. in the so-called immune sites, the clinical lesions of leprosy were noted in 40% of the cases (7 ll + 1 bl), afb (both solid and granular forms) were detected in the smears of 45% cases ... | 1982 | 6752577 |
| biochemical correlation of m. vaccae with m. leprae. | the biochemical tests, namely, niacin, catalase, nitrate reduction, tween hydrolysis, tellurite reduction, arylsulfatase and urease tests were carried out for all the mycobacteria which are immunogenically closely related to m. leprae. among them only m. vaccae shows closest relationship with m. leprae when compared with its communicated data. except for the tellurite reduction test which was variable in case of m. leprae, all the other tests were found similar to that of m. leprae. in the next ... | 1982 | 6752576 |
| viability of m. leprae under normal and adverse atmospheric conditions. | harvested bacilli from fresh lepromas were subjected to drying at room temperature for varying periods, were exposed to direct sun-rays, uvr, and were then injected into the foot pads of thymectomised irradiated mice for checking the viability. the organisms could survive uvr for 30 minutes, direct sunlight for 2 hours and room temperature for 7 days. details are presented. | 1982 | 6752575 |
| comparison of mycobacterial granulomas in guinea-pig lymph nodes. | a study was made of mycobacterial-induced granulomas in guinea-pig lymph nodes. live bcg (pasteur) induced a granuloma containing epithelioid cells while cobalt irradiated mycobacterium leprae induced a granuloma comprised of phagocytic macrophages. the granulomas were quantitated by measurement of lymph node weight and the areas of infiltration in histological sections. the time course of granuloma formation induced by co-irradiated m. leprae was veary different from the time course of the gran ... | 1982 | 6752360 |
| attempts at cultivation of mycobacterium leprae in cell culture under regulation of redox potential at environment. | 1982 | 6752102 | |
| improved leucocyte migration inhibition response of leucocytes from lepromatous leprosy patients with hapten modified m. leprae. | two acetoacetylated derivatives of mycobacterium leprae with variable hapten groups and a conjugate with tetanus toxoid were prepared. these were tested as antigens along with unmodified m. leprae in the leucocyte migration inhibition response of leucocytes from clinically, bacteriologically and histopathologically confirmed cases of lepromatous leprosy. lmi response was poor with m. leprae, but was significantly enhanced with acetoacetylated m. leprae. | 1982 | 6751637 |
| leprosy and its chemotherapy. | 1982 | 6749788 | |
| serological activity of purified glycolipid from mycobacterium leprae. | 1982 | 6749710 | |
| co-incident (simultaneous) dapsone sensitive and dapsone resistant leprosy. | 1982 | 6749709 | |
| bcg vaccination in leprosy. | 1982 | 6749707 | |
| tissue response to lepromin, an index of susceptibility of the armadillo to m. leprae infection--a preliminary report. | in this preliminary report the histopathological appearance of the lepromin reaction in armadillos was correlated with their response to infection with m. leprae. three different types of lepromin response were described, namely the lepromatous, the borderline, and the tuberculoid lepromin reactions. it was found that 10 out of the 11 animals with a lepromatous lepromin reaction and the one animal with a borderline lepromin reaction developed disseminated disease. the two with a tuberculoid lepr ... | 1982 | 6749706 |
| histology of indeterminate leprosy. | skin biopsies from 20 patients with indeterminate leprosy were studied histopathologically. the most common clinical manifestation of the disease was a hypopigmented macule. in most cases, 5% to 10% of the dermis was occupied by the infiltrate. sweat glands were involved in two thirds of the cases, and approximately half the biopsies showed involvement of arrector pili muscle and pilosebaceous glands. ninety-five percent of the cases had involvement of the dermal nerves, with perineural infiltra ... | 1982 | 6749705 |
| clofazimine-resistant leprosy, a case report. | 1982 | 6749703 | |
| an inquiry into the adoption of the term mycobacterium hansenii. | an inquiry was made among various organs of the public health service of the state of s. paulo, brazil, members of the scientific council and editorial board of "hansenologia internationalis", and professors of dermatology, bacteriology, neurology, pathology and preventive medicine of brazil, having in view the possibility of using the term mycobacterium hansenii in that periodical, as a substitute for mycobacterium leprae. the results were considered favorable to the change and led to the adopt ... | 1981 | 6749680 |
| [reverse or inverse reaction - a present-day point]. | the reversal or inversal reactions, well studied in some research centers, is still imperfectly known, even contested or denied. this lack of knowledge has been one of the hindrances in the understanding of the mechanism of the hansenic neuritis. the evolution of the concepts about this question is studied, starting with souza lima and souza campos (1950), followed by tajiri (1955), up to the present "i reaction" of jopling, involving the "up grading" and "down grading" reactions. an interpretat ... | 1981 | 6749678 |
| response to dapsone (dds) monotherapy in leprosy patients of gudiyatham taluk, south india: comparison between the 1960s and the 1970s. | at the schieffelin leprosy research and training centre, karagiri, india, 148 lepromatous (ll) and borderline lepromatous (bl) leprosy patients registered for treatment in the years 1971 to 1973 were found to respond as well to dapsone (dds) monotherapy as 391 ll and bl patients registered in 1964 to 1966, as indicated by clearance of mycobacterium leprae from skin smears during the initial seven years of therapy in each patient. apparently, the efficacy of dds monotherapy has not been progressi ... | 1983 | 6685701 |
| the significance of dapsone (dds)-resistant mycobacterium leprae in untreated patients. | in a stable rural population of south india, 18 consecutive untreated persons newly discovered to have leprosy with a bacterial index (bi) greater than or equal to 2+ were tested for mycobacterium leprae resistant to dapsone (dds) by the mouse foot pad test. of 12 successful tests, five detected resistant m. leprae. known contact with a treated patient in the ten years preceding the diagnosis of leprosy was not found to increase the risk of dds-resistant m. leprae occurring in an untreated, newl ... | 1983 | 6685700 |
| dds-resistant infection among leprosy patients in the population of gudiyatham taluk, south india. part 3. prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and interpretation of mouse foot pad test results. | at the schieffelin leprosy research and training centre, karigiri, india, a study of the population of gudiyatham taluk revealed that the prevalence of dapsone (dds)-resistant infection among lepromatous (ll) and borderline lepromatous (bl) leprosy patients treated for a minimum of three years was 3.3% (33 per 1000), with an average annual incidence of 0.28% per year. dds-resistant infection was diagnosed when review of skin smear readings showed a continuing increase in the number of mycobacter ... | 1983 | 6685699 |
| variable lepromin response to mycobacterium leprae in resistant armadillos. | eight armadillos resistant to the infection of mycobacterium leprae were lepromin tested. the tissue response was tuberculoid in 5, borderline in 2, and lepromatous in 1, thus showing a wide variation. it is seen that although cell-mediated immunity as evidenced by a tuberculoid granulomatous response to killed m. leprae is associated with resistance to the disease, there may be other yet unknown factors which protect armadillos from the infection. lepromin responses were recognized histological ... | 1983 | 6685696 |
| infection of the congenitally athymic rat with mycobacterium leprae. | the susceptibility of congenitally athymic rats to mycobacterium leprae infection has been investigated. following inoculation of small numbers of m. leprae (5 x 10(3] into the foot pad, the organisms replicated and attained a maximum of 2.6 x 10(8) per foot pad at 294 days; there was limited dissemination to the tail. in similarly inoculated neonatally thymectomized lewis rats (ntlrs) a ceiling of 2 x 10(7) organisms was reached. when a larger inoculum (10(7] was given, the number of bacilli in ... | 1983 | 6685695 |
| foam--the result of an interaction between unactivated macrophages and dead mycobacterium leprae? | 1983 | 6684649 | |
| survival of mycobacterium leprae in mice administered several antibiotics per os. | 1983 | 6684648 | |
| ige in leprosy; effect of a mycobacterium leprae-bcg vaccine. | since some previous studies have reported elevated total serum ige levels in leprosy, that may be associated with the existence of a state of generalized t cell anergy, we undertook a carefully controlled study of this immunoglobulin in such patients before and after treatment with a mycobacterium leprae-bcg vaccine. we found, firstly, that lepromatous leprosy patients suffering active disease had only a moderate elevation of ige levels that was not statistically significant when compared to app ... | 1983 | 6684643 |
| in vitro cultivation of mycobacterium x from mycobacterium leprae-infected tissues in acetone-dimethylsulfoxide-tetradecane medium. | several strains of mycobacteria were cultivable from mycobacterium leprae-infected human and armadillo tissues in a liquid medium containing three dimethyl analogs: dimethylketone, dimethylsulfoxide, and tetradecane [ch3 . (ch2)12 . ch3]. the medium contained kh2po4, 7.0 g; na2hpo4, 1.0 g; (nh4)2so4, 2.0 g; mgso4, 0.1 g; iron ammonium citrate, 0.1 g; dmso, 10 ml; and acetone, 150 ml in distilled water ad one liter. tetradecane 0.1 ml was added aseptically to each tube, containing 10 ml of the st ... | 1983 | 6683261 |
| leprosy in sub-human primates: potential risk for transfer of mycobacterium leprae to humans. | 1983 | 6668987 | |
| monocyte-derived soluble suppressor factor(s) in patients with lepromatous leprosy. | peripheral blood monocytes from polar lepromatous leprosy (ll) patients were unable to support mycobacterium leprae-induced in vitro lymphoproliferation of hla-d-matched t cells from tuberculoid leprosy subjects, whereas those from responder individuals were able to do so. monocyte-rich adherent cells from untreated ll patients released de novo soluble factors which inhibited antigen-induced lymphoproliferation to a greater extent and mitogenic responses to a lesser extent. suppressive activity ... | 1983 | 6605932 |
| lymphocyte subpopulations in mice infected with mycobacterium leprae. | t and b cells were quantitated from the spleen of m. leprae infected mice and correlated with bacillary count in the foot pad. lymphocyte transformation with pha and m. leprae (armadillo) antigens was also studied during different months of infection. t cell counts dropped gradually but significantly throughout the course of infection. b cells had a concomitant rise up to 6 months and then registered a fall as compared to the initial control figures. transformation of lymphocytes with pha fell s ... | 1983 | 6603563 |
| t-cell conditioned media reverse t-cell unresponsiveness in lepromatous leprosy. | in some subjects the infective agent of leprosy, mycobacterium leprae, causes disseminated (lepromatous) disease. such subjects have a major role in the transmission of the disease and show deficient t-cell responses both in vivo and in vitro to m. leprae, but not to other antigens. numerous studies have recently shown that t cells with functional capabilities after initial triggering with antigen can be maintained in a state of continuous proliferation in vitro when cultured in medium containin ... | 1983 | 6602296 |
| amyloidosis and the serum amyloid a protein response to muramyl dipeptide analogs and different mycobacterial species. | serum amyloid a protein (saa) elevation accompanies induction of secondary amyloidosis in mice given mycobacterium butyricum in freund adjuvant. the synthesis of saa by cultured hepatocytes is induced by a macrophage-derived mediator, which has been identified as interleukin 1. in these studies, saa synthesis has been used as an index of macrophage activation to examine the in vivo response of mice to challenge with seven different mycobacteria and with synthetic analogs of the immunoadjuvant n- ... | 1983 | 6601620 |
| a test of nonrandom segregation. | within a family, associations between a disease and a marker locus are often inferred when affected offspring share marker alleles more often than is expected by chance. generally, this is due to nonrandom parental transmission of marker alleles and specifically could be due to linkage, epistatic gene action, or segregation distortion at the marker locus. in this paper, we discuss the statistical properties of a general test of nonrandom segregation of a marker gene. the exact probability distri ... | 1984 | 6599403 |
| ultrastructure of sciatic nerve of armadillo infected with mycobacterium leprae. | ultrastructural observation of sciatic nerves from eight armadillos were made. six animals had intravenous inoculation of m. leprae, one had of foot pad, while one had natural leprosy. the available nerves were biopsied at various time sequence ranging from five weeks to twenty four months. semithin sections did not reveal any neuropathy. ultrastructurally perineurium was thick and endoneurial collagen was increased. initially demyelination of non-myelinated fibres was seen in all nerves irrespe ... | 1984 | 6549323 |
| salivary immunoglobulins and antibody activities in leprosy. | the technics of immunodiffusion and the fluorescent leprosy antibody absorption (fla-abs) test were used to determine the levels of immunoglobulins and their antibody activities against mycobacterium leprae in the serum and the saliva collected from a total of 110 patients with leprosy (50 lepromatous, 24 borderline, and 36 tuberculoid). the average levels of serum igg, igm, and iga were not significantly different among these patients. in saliva, however, igm was detected in only two cases with ... | 1984 | 6541202 |
| production and characterization of a murine monoclonal antibody recognizing a shared mycobacterial polysaccharide. | an igm monoclonal antibody specific for mycobacterial arabinomannan was produced by the fusion of splenocytes from balb/c mice immunized with purified arabinomannan with nsi/1 myeloma cells. specificity was demonstrated by gel-radioimmunoassay, and by inhibition of binding using the purified polysaccharide. the monoclonal antibody recognized the arabinomannans from all 18 species of mycobacteria tested, including mycobacterium leprae. this antibody expands the number of defined mycobacterial ant ... | 1984 | 6535819 |
| description of corynebacterium tuberculostearicum sp. nov., a leprosy-derived corynebacterium. | leprosy-derived corynebacteria (ldc) have been extensively studied over the past decade. a composite of their biological properties (cell morphology, staining reactions, cellular inclusions and guanine-plus-cytosine content of their deoxyribonucleic acid; 16 strains studied) and their chemical structures (peptidoglycan type, major cell wall polysaccharide, major glycolipid as well as characteristic mycolic acids) appears to define them as members of the genus corynebacterium. in relation to othe ... | 1984 | 6532280 |
| immunization against leprosy: progress and prospects. | the complex biology of the leprosy organism, the course of the disease, and the atypical human immune response to both vaccination and infection by mycobacterium leprae are reviewed. since the 1960s several trials of vaccination with bcg, the tuberculosis-causing mycobacterium related to the leprosy organism, have showed varied degrees of protection against leprosy. in the 1970s, m. leprae was grown for the first time, in captured wild armadillos, so material is now available for vaccine trial ... | 1984 | 6509251 |
| freeze-fracture observations of the cell walls and peribacillary substances of various mycobacteria. | ultrastructure of the cell wall and peribacillary substances of various mycobacteria (32 strains of 18 species) grown in vitro was studied by a freeze-fracture technique. peribacillary substances differed in shape among species and even among strains of the same species, and were classified into five types: (1) amorphous substances; (2) multi-layered sheaths with no filamentous units; (3) structures composed of filaments of 2-4 nm diameter, which were further classified into three subtypes accor ... | 1984 | 6470664 |
| prothionamide and prothionamide-s-oxide in experimental leprosy. | 1981 | 6459296 | |
| inhibition of the proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to mycobacterial or fungal antigens by co-stimulation with antigens from various mycobacterial species. | soluble antigen preparations from mycobacterium leprae are reported to inhibit the response to other stimuli, of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from lepromatous leprosy cases (bl/ll) and also from tuberculoid cases (tt/bl) and normal donors. we confirm these findings and in addition, report that a similar suppressive effect is exerted by antigen from mycobacterium vaccae, mycobacterium nonchromogenicum and, to a lesser extent, mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobactyerium kansasii. moreover, ... | 1981 | 6459289 |
| hypothesis: do phases of immunosuppression during a mycobacterium leprae infection determine the leprosy spectrum? | 1981 | 6454034 | |
| natural suppressor cells in human leprosy: the role of hla-d-identical peripheral lymphocytes and macrophages in the in vitro modulation of lymphoproliferative responses. | six families with hla-d-identical siblings suffering from leprosy were studied. lymphocytes and macrophages isolated from the peripheral blood were co-cultured with allogeneic, hla-d-identical cells and stimulated with m. leprae antigens and concanavalin a. tuberculoid patients had circulating lymphocytes which showed marked functional suppression of lymphoproliferative responses to antigen and mitogen. in contrast, lepromatous patients showed weak lymphocyte suppressor activity. macrophages der ... | 1980 | 6451335 |
| effect of mycobacterium leprae on lymphocyte proliferation: suppression of mitogen and antigen responses of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | evidence is presented that mycobacterium leprae suppresses the in vitro proliferative response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbm) to antigen and mitogen. lymphoproliferation induced by ppd or alloantigen stimulation was inhibited by concentrations of m. leprae which were not cytotoxic for lymphoblasts. in contrast, the inhibition of mitogen-stimulated pbm was seen only at higher concentrations of m. leprae which proved to be cytotoxic for lymphoblasts. the inhibitory effect was fo ... | 1980 | 6449337 |
| further observations on the mycobacteriophage d29-mycobacterial interactions. | 1984 | 6442822 | |
| immunological properties of m. leprae culture isolates icrc bacilli: hypothesis on relationship between m. leprae and ml-culture isolates. | the m. leprae-culture isolate, being a culture, is identified by biochemical criteria. majority belong to either m. avium-intracellulare-scrofulacieum complex, or corynobacterium group. the identification is also determined by serological methods using soluble sonicates. skin tests with heat-killed suspension often give positive mitsuda response and hence the isolates are discarded as non-m. leprae. the data on icrc strains show that dharmendra type antigen prepared from icrc bacilli compares ve ... | 1984 | 6442820 |
| anti-leprosy vaccines--field trials and future prospects. | development of a vaccine for prevention of leprosy is today one of the major challenges for bio-medical sciences. two vaccines containing (i) m. leprae + bcg and (ii) icrc, a cultivable mycobacterium, have reached advanced stage with reference to human trials. this article describes comparative features of two vaccines and mechanism of their action. future possibilities with reference to anti-leprosy vaccine are also discussed. | 1984 | 6442720 |
| experimental leprosy in nonhuman primates. | 1984 | 6441464 | |
| skin-test sensitisation by tubercle bacilli and by other mycobacteria in ethiopian school-children. | quadruple skin-testing with a range of 22 new tuberculins and ppd-rt23 was carried out on 665 school-children without bcg scars and 666 with bcg scars, in and around the towns of butajira and hosana in shoa district of ethiopia. marked differences in patterns of sensitisation were distinguished between the 5 schools visited. in general, mycobacterium chitae, m. diernhoferi, m. kansasii and m. vaccae were common sensitising agents in all schools, m. avium subspecies brunense, m. gilvum, m. rhodes ... | 1984 | 6440324 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterium tuberculosis, m. bovis (bcg) and m. leprae. | thirty-two monoclonal antibodies (moab) to mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv, m. bovis bcg and m. leprae were produced. the spleen cells of balb/c mice immunized with sonicated or intact bacilli were fused with sp2/0-ag-14 myeloma cells. many more antibody producing hybridomas were found when m. tuberculosis, rather than m. leprae, was used as the immunogen. the moab were characterized by an enzyme immunoassay and immunofluorescence on 16 mycobacterial species. the sodium dodecylsulphate polyacry ... | 1984 | 6439449 |
| antibacterial monoclonal antibodies and the dawn of a new era in the control of infection. | literature reports concerned with monoclonal antibodies against bacteria, or their toxins, which are pathogens for man and animals were surveyed. these antibodies have important potential uses in human and veterinary pathology and medicine. they are likely to become key elements in a fast progression toward a more complete understanding and control of infectious diseases and of toxin poisoning. a new area of bacteriology relevant to sanitary engineering is also being advanced with the help of an ... | 1984 | 6438759 |
| [sensitivity and specificity of fluorescent leprosy antibody absorption (fla-abs) test for detecting subclinical infection by mycobacterium leprae]. | 1984 | 6437637 | |
| dopa-oxidase activity on icrc bacilli. | presence of o-phenoloxidase is regarded as m. leprae specific character. this enzyme activity was found to be present in icrc bacilli, strain c-44. though this strain is cultivable 'in vitro', the expression of dopa-oxidase activity strongly suggests that it carries m. leprae genome. the icrc bacilli, therefore, may thus from a group of m. leprae culture isolates, distinct from other known cultivable mycobacteria which do not possess this enzyme activity. | 1984 | 6434641 |
| [change in cell-mediated immunity to mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium marinum in hansen's disease patients]. | the cell mediated immunity (cmi) to protein purified derivates of mycobacterium leprae, mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium and mycobacterium marinum was studied. leukocyte migration inhibition (lmi) and delayed hypersensitivity skin reactions to these antigens were examined in 44 hanseniasis patients (20 quiescent virchowians, 13 reactional virchowians and 11 tuberculoid patients) and 15 healthy subjects. an impairment in lmi and delayed hypersensitivity tests to m. leprae and m. ma ... | 1983 | 6432692 |
| occasional review--hla and leprosy: a re-evaluation. | 1984 | 6431213 |