Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| gene targeting is locus dependent in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. | the effect of altering the conditions of transformation on the efficiency of gene targeting in filamentous fungi was studied using aspergillus nidulans as a model organism. the niad and amds genes of a. nidulans, which are both involved in nitrogen source utilisation, were selected as target loci. homologous recombination of transforming dna at these loci resulted in niad and amds mutants with an impaired ability to utilise nitrate or acetamide as the sole nitrogen source, respectively. vectors ... | 1997 | 9236780 |
| mutations in the heavy chain of cytoplasmic dynein suppress the nudf nuclear migration mutation of aspergillus nidulans. | to identify proteins that interact directly or indirectly with the nudf protein, which is required for nuclear migration in aspergillus nidulans, we initiated a screen for extragenic suppressors of the heat-sensitive nudf6 mutation. suppressor mutations in at least five genes, designated snfa-snfe, caused improved growth and nuclear migration at high temperatures compared to the nudf6 parent. two snfc mutations mapped near the nuda gene, which encodes the cytoplasmic dyncin heavy chain, and coul ... | 1997 | 9236777 |
| subtle hydrophobic interactions between the seventh residue of the zinc finger loop and the first base of an hgatar sequence determine promoter-specific recognition by the aspergillus nidulans gata factor area. | a change of a universally conserved leucine to valine in the dna-binding domain of the gata factor area results in inability to activate some area-dependent promoters, including that of the uapa gene encoding a specific urate-xanthine permease. some other area-dependent promoters become able to function more efficiently than in the wild-type context. a methionine in the same position results in a less extreme, but opposite effect. suppressors of the area(val) mutation mapping in the uapa promote ... | 1997 | 9233807 |
| new evidence for old detective work. | 1997 | 9229524 | |
| cloning and analysis of an actin-encoding cdna from the dimorphic pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. | we have cloned an actin-encoding cdna from the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum, an important pathogen of humans. the predicted amino acid sequence as well as the general codon pattern of histoplasma actin revealed the highest degree of similarity to the actin of the filamentous ascomycete aspergillus nidulans. southern blot analysis determined that actin was encoded by a single copy in the histoplasma genome. northern blot analysis showed a single 1700 nt transcript in yeast and mould ce ... | 1997 | 9229331 |
| carbon repression in aspergilli. | many microorganisms prefer easily metabolizable carbon sources over alternative, less readily metabolized carbon sources. one of the mechanisms to achieve this is repression of the synthesis of enzymes related to catabolism of the alternative carbon sources, i.e. carbon repression. it is now clear that in aspergillus nidulans and aspergillus niger the repressor protein crea plays a major role in carbon repression. crea inhibits transcription of many target genes by binding to specific sequences ... | 1997 | 9228741 |
| a novel fungal gene encoding chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain. | a csma gene that encodes chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain was isolated from the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans. initially, we obtained the csma as a homolog of the aspergillus fumigatus chse-partial fragment. a large open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 1,852 a.a. was identified by determining the cdna sequences. the chitin synthase conserved region was situated at the c-terminus and classified into class v as reported previously. on the other hand, the n-terminal ... | 1997 | 9223429 |
| the aspergillus nidulans sepa gene encodes an fh1/2 protein involved in cytokinesis and the maintenance of cellular polarity. | cytokinesis (septation) in the fungus aspergillus nidulans occurs through the formation of a transient actin ring at the incipient division site. temperature-sensitive mutations in the sepa gene prevent septation and cause defects in the maintenance of cellular polarity, without affecting growth and nuclear division. the sepa gene encodes a member of the growing family of fh1/2 proteins, which appear to have roles in morphogenesis and cytokinesis in organisms such as yeast and drosophila. result ... | 1997 | 9218790 |
| mutations in a dispensable region of the uay transcription factor of aspergillus nidulans differentially affect the expression of structural genes. | the uay gene encodes a transcriptional activator mediating uric acid induction of at least nine genes of the purine-utilization pathway. in this article, we characterize a loss-of-function mutation, uay205, as a 16 bp deletion that results in premature translation termination, and substitutes the c-terminal 63 amino acids for 13 amino acid residues. reversion analysis demonstrates that the c-terminal 63 amino acid residues are unnecessary for uay function, and that the loss-of-function phenotype ... | 1997 | 9218768 |
| the uvsf gene region in aspergillus nidulans codes for a protein with homology to dna replication factor c. | the uv-sensitive mutant uvsf201 of aspergillus nidulans shows increased spontaneous and uv-induced mutation and generally resembles mutants defective in nucleotide excision repair (ner). fully-complementing uvsf clones were isolated from cosmid and cdna libraries for sequencing. the uvsf gene is approximately 3.75 kb long and codes for a predicted polypeptide of 1092 amino acids (aa). three small introns are clustered early in the coding region of the protein. a major part of the sequence shows ... | 1997 | 9218714 |
| carbon regulation of the cuticle-degrading enzyme pr1 from metarhizium anisopliae may involve a trans-acting dna-binding protein crr1, a functional equivalent of the aspergillus nidulans crea protein. | the pr1 gene of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae encodes a serine protease that is highly active towards the insect cuticle and whose synthesis is subject to both carbon and nitrogen repression. the pr1 promoter region was sequenced revealing the presence of putative crea- and area-binding sites. in vitro bandshift experiments demonstrated that an aspergillus nidulans gst-crea fusion protein was capable of binding to two of the three putative crea sites. using a pcr-based strat ... | 1997 | 9211795 |
| pyruvate decarboxylase and anaerobic survival in aspergillus nidulans. | the presence of pyruvate decarboxylase activity has been demonstrated in aspergillus nidulans, and a gene encoding a pyruvate decarboxylase has been isolated from this organism and physically characterized. the isolation of the pdca gene in a. nidulans confirms the existence of the alcoholic fermentation pathway in this fungus, despite it being an obligate aerobic organism. southern analysis showed that it is most probably a single copy gene. several potential binding sites for a gatar-binding p ... | 1997 | 9210590 |
| cloning of the candida albicans homolog of saccharomyces cerevisiae gsc1/fks1 and its involvement in beta-1,3-glucan synthesis. | saccharomyces cerevisiae gsc1 (also called fks1) and gsc2 (also called fks2) have been identified as the genes for putative catalytic subunits of beta-1,3-glucan synthase. we have cloned three candida albicans genes, gsc1, gsl1, and gsl2, that have significant sequence homologies with s. cerevisiae gsc1/fks1, gsc2/fks2, and the recently identified fksa of aspergillus nidulans at both nucleotide and amino acid levels. like s. cerevisiae gsc/fks proteins, none of the predicted products of c. albic ... | 1997 | 9209021 |
| a kinesin-like mechanoenzyme from the zygomycete syncephalastrum racemosum shares biochemical similarities with conventional kinesin from neurospora crassa. | the kinesin superfamily consists of mechanoenzymes that convert chemical energy, stored in nucleoside triphosphates, into movement along microtubules. the founding member of this protein superfamily, the so-called conventional kinesin, was only known from animal sources until the recent description of kinesin from the filamentous fungus neurospora crassa (g. steinberg, m. schliwa, mol. biol. cell 6, 1605-1618 (1995)). to determine whether similar motors with comparable features are common in oth ... | 1997 | 9208225 |
| pcr-identification of a nicotiana plumbaginifolia cdna homologous to the high-affinity nitrate transporters of the crna family. | a family of high-affinity nitrate transporters has been identified in aspergillus nidulans and chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and recently homologues of this family have been cloned from a higher plant (barley). based on six of the peptide sequences most strongly conserved between the barley and c. reinhardtii polypeptides, a set of degenerate primers was designed to permit amplification of the corresponding genes from other plant species. the utility of these primers was demonstrated by rt-pcr with ... | 1997 | 9207842 |
| adaptation of proteases and carbohydrates of saprophytic, phytopathogenic and entomopathogenic fungi to the requirements of their ecological niches. | the abilities of isolates of saprophytes (neurospora crassa, aspergillus nidulans), an opportunistic human pathogen (aspergillus fumigatus), an opportunistic insect pathogen (aspergillus flavus), plant pathogens (verticillium albo-atrum, verticillium dahliae, nectria haematococca), a mushroom pathogen (verticillium fungicola) and entomopathogens (verticillium lecanii, beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae) to utilize plant cell walls and insect cuticle components in different nutrient media ... | 1997 | 9202474 |
| cloning, sequencing, disruption and phenotypic analysis of uvsc, an aspergillus nidulans homologue of yeast rad51. | we have cloned the uvsc gene of aspergillus nidulans by complementation of the a. nidulans uvsc114 mutant. the predicted protein uvsc shows 67.4% sequence identity to the saccharomyces cerevisiae rad51 protein and 27.4% sequence identity to the escherichia coli reca protein. transcription of uvsc is induced by methyl-methane sulphonate (mms), as is transcription of rad51 of yeast. similar levels of uvsc transcription were observed after mms induction in a uvsc+ strain and the uvsc114 mutant. the ... | 1997 | 9202381 |
| two uvs genes of aspergillus nidulans with different functions in error-prone repair: uvsi, active in mutation-specific reversion, and uvsc, a reca homolog, required for all uv mutagenesis. | two genes of aspergillus nidulans are known to function in uv mutagenesis, but have been assigned to different epistasis groups: uvsc, which is also required for meiosis and mitotic recombination, and uvsi, which may have no other function. to clarify their role in error-prone repair and to investigate their interaction, uvsi and uvsc single and uvsi;uvsc double mutant strains were further tested for mutagen sensitivities and characterized for effects on mutation. spontaneous and induced frequen ... | 1997 | 9202380 |
| genetic analysis of regulatory mutants affecting synthesis of extracellular proteinases in the yeast yarrowia lipolytica: identification of a rim101/pacc homolog. | depending on the ph of the growth medium, the yeast yarrowia lipolytica secretes both an acidic proteinase and an alkaline proteinase, the synthesis of which is also controlled by carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur availability, as well as by the presence of extracellular proteins. recessive mutations at four unlinked loci, named pal1 to pal4, were isolated which prevent alkaline proteinase derepression under conditions of carbon and nitrogen limitation at ph 6.8. these mutations markedly affect matin ... | 1997 | 9199331 |
| the acetate regulatory gene facb of aspergillus nidulans encodes a zn(ii)2cys6 transcriptional activator. | genetic studies have indicated that the facb gene of aspergillus nidulans is a major regulatory gene involved in acetamide and acetate utilisation. sequencing of the facb gene revealed that it encodes a protein that contains an n-terminal gal4-like zn(ii)2cys6 (or c6 zinc) binuclear cluster for dna binding, leucine zipper-like heptad repeat motifs and central and c-terminal acidic alpha-helical regions, consistent with a function as a dna-binding transcriptional activator. the zn(ii)2cys6 cluste ... | 1997 | 9197408 |
| the aspergillus nidulans transcription factor alcr forms a stable complex with its half-site dna: a nmr study. | the aspergillus nidulans transcription factor alcr is shown by nmr and gel retardation assay to form a stable complex with oligonucleotide sequences comprising the consensus half-site 5'-tgcgg-3'. apparent microm dissociation constants are evaluated by both methods. the measured lifetime of the complex is 74+/-7 ms at 20 degrees c with the following dna sequence: 5'-c1g2t3g4c5g6g7a8t9c10-3'. the major chemical shift variations upon binding involve both the two adjacent gc pairs (g6 and g7) and, ... | 1997 | 9187374 |
| characterization of gamma-tubulin complexes in aspergillus nidulans and detection of putative gamma-tubulin interacting proteins. | gamma-tubulin is central to the nucleation of microtubule assembly in vivo. although it is most obviously located at microtubule organizing centers, it is also found in soluble cytoplasmic complexes. characterizing these complexes and identifying proteins that interact with gamma-tubulin in vivo will be necessary if gamma-tubulin function is to be understood fully. we have begun to investigate soluble complexes of gamma-tubulin in aspergillus nidulans, the organism in which gamma-tubulin was dis ... | 1997 | 9186012 |
| the integration of nitrogen and carbon catabolite repression in aspergillus nidulans requires the gata factor area and an additional positive-acting element, ada. | the expression of the structural genes of the proline utilization cluster of aspergillus nidulans is repressed efficiently only when both repressing carbon and nitrogen sources are present. two hypotheses can account for this fact. one is a direct or indirect competition mechanism between the positive-acting area gata factor, mediating nitrogen metabolite repression, and the negative-acting crea protein, mediating carbon catabolite repression. the second is to propose that crea prevents the bind ... | 1997 | 9184237 |
| in vitro recognition of specific dna targets by alcr, a zinc binuclear cluster activator different from the other proteins of this class. | alcr is the transactivator mediating transcriptional induction of the alc gene cluster in aspergillus nidulans. the alcr dna-binding domain consists of a zinc binuclear cluster different from the other members of the zn2cys6 family by several features. in particular, it is able to bind to symmetric and asymmetric sites with the same affinity, with both sites being functional in a. nidulans. here, we show that unlike the other proteins of the zn2cys6 binuclear cluster family, alcr binds most prob ... | 1997 | 9182587 |
| multidrug resistance in aspergillus nidulans involves novel atp-binding cassette transporters. | two single-copy genes, designated atra and atrb (atp-binding cassette transporter a and b), were cloned from the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans and sequenced. based on the presence of conserved motifs and on hydropathy analysis, the products encoded by atra and atrb can be regarded as novel members of the atp-binding cassette (abc) superfamily of membrane transporters. both products share the same topology as the abc transporters pdr5 and snq2 from saccharomyces cerevisiae and cdr1 from ... | 1997 | 9180695 |
| differential poisoning of human and aspergillus nidulans dna topoisomerase i by bi- and terbenzimidazoles. | dna topoisomerase i has been partially purified from aspergillus nidulans. the purified enzyme is most likely the major nuclear dna topoisomerase i on the basis of the following findings. (1) purified dna topoisomerase i can relax both positively and negatively supercoiled dna. (2) neither an energy cofactor nor mg(ii) is required for the relaxation or the cleavage reaction of the enzyme. on the basis of a phosphate-transfer experiment, the aspergillus topoisomerase i was shown to have a molecul ... | 1997 | 9174366 |
| cloning and sequencing of an alpha-glucosidase gene from aspergillus niger and its expression in a. nidulans. | we have cloned an extracellular alpha-glucosidase gene from aspergillus niger with oligonucleotide probes synthesized on the basis of the determined peptide sequences. the nucleotide sequence revealed an open reading frame of 985 amino acids split with three introns, and the deduced amino acid sequence was nearly identical to that of the alpha-glucosidase previously determined. the cloned gene was introduced into aspergillus nidulans, and its expression in the transformants was shown to be regul ... | 1997 | 9165762 |
| factors affecting the spread of double-stranded rna viruses in aspergillus nidulans. | viruses are common in asexual aspergilli but not in sexual aspergilli. we found no viruses in 112 isolates of the sexual aspergillus nidulans. we have investigated factors that could play a role in preventing the spread of mycoviruses through populations of a. nidulans. experiments were performed with a. nidulans strains infected with viruses originating from a. niger. horizontal virus transmission was restricted but not prevented by somatic incompatibility. viruses were transmitted vertically v ... | 1997 | 9164170 |
| expression of a synthetic protein-based polymer (elastomer) gene in aspergillus nidulans. | a gene for a synthetic protein-based polymer, g-(vpgvg)119-vpgv, coding for the eg-120mer (elastomer), was cloned into a fungal expression vector to allow constitutive expression of the polymer controlled by the gpda (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) promoter sequence of aspergillus nidulans. stable transformants of a. nidulans showed plasmid integration with varying copy number when analyzed by southern-blot hybridization. expression of the synthetic gene was demonstrated by northern-b ... | 1997 | 9163950 |
| cloning and characterization of the cita gene encoding the mitochondrial citrate synthase of aspergillus nidulans. | we isolated a citrate synthase gene (cita) from aspergillus nidulans. by analysis of the protein coding region, cita was shown to encode a citrate synthase (cita) of 52.2 kda consisting of 474 amino acid residues that were interrupted by seven introns. also, the precursor cita protein was revealed to have an n-terminal mitochondrial targeting signal of 35 amino acid residues containing an r-3 cleavage motif, r(32)-c-y decreases s(35), which supports the fact that cita encodes the mitochondrial f ... | 1997 | 9163747 |
| cloning of an e. coli reca and yeast rad51 homolog, rada, an allele of the uvsc in aspergillus nidulans and its mutator effects. | an e. coli reca and yeast rad51 homolog from aspergillus nidulans, rada, has been cloned by screening genomic and cdna libraries with a pcr-amplified probe. this probe was generated using primers carrying the conserved sequences of eukaryotic reca homologs. the deduced amino acid sequence revealed two conserved walker-a and -b type nucleotide-binding domains and exhibited 88%, 60%, and 53% identity with mei-3 of neurospora crassa, rhp51+ of schizosaccharomyces pombe, and rad51 of saccharomyces c ... | 1997 | 9163746 |
| identification of putative phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c genes in filamentous fungi. | five putative phosphoinositide-specific phospholipases c (plc) genes were identified in three species of filamentous fungi. using polymerase chain reaction with degenerate oligonucleotide primers, gene fragments encoding amino acid sequences homologous to plcs of mammals and other organisms were amplified: one sequence from botryotinia fuckeliana, one from aspergillus nidulans, and three from neurospora crassa. the molecular cloning and sequencing of a putative plc gene (bcplc1) from b. fuckelia ... | 1997 | 9163731 |
| [a nidulans bronchial aspergillosis after treatment of low-grade lymphoma with fludarabine]. | pulmonary aspergillosis is a common complication in neutropenic patients. the most important fungus is aspergillus fumigatus. we report a case of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis due to aspergillus nidulans secondary to fludarabine therapy. there are few cases of pulmonary aspergillosis due to aspergillus nidulans (one chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis, one aspergilloma). fludarabine induces a marked decreased of cd4 lymphocyte count responsible for opportunistic infections. it is the ... | 1997 | 9161576 |
| efg1p, an essential regulator of morphogenesis of the human pathogen candida albicans, is a member of a conserved class of bhlh proteins regulating morphogenetic processes in fungi. | we identified a gene of the fungal pathogen candida albicans, designated efg1, whose high-level expression stimulates pseudohyphal morphogenesis in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. in a central region the deduced efg1 protein is highly homologous to the stua and phd1/sok2 proteins that regulate morphogenesis of aspergillus nidulans and s. cerevisiae, respectively. the core of the conserved region is homologous to the basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) motif of eukaryotic transcription factors, spe ... | 1997 | 9155024 |
| two divergent catalase genes are differentially regulated during aspergillus nidulans development and oxidative stress. | catalases are ubiquitous hydrogen peroxide-detoxifying enzymes that are central to the cellular antioxidant response. of two catalase activities detected in the fungus aspergillus nidulans, the cata gene encodes the spore-specific catalase a (cata). here we characterize a second catalase gene, identified after probing a genomic library with cata, and demonstrate that it encodes catalase b. this gene, designated catb, predicts a 721-amino-acid polypeptide (catb) showing 78% identity to an aspergi ... | 1997 | 9150225 |
| purification and characterization of the precursor trna 3'-end processing nuclease from aspergillus nidulans. | the precursor-trna 3'-end processing nuclease activity was purified homogeneously about 15,300 fold from the heat-treated fraction. the precursor-trna 3'-end processing nuclease was a single polypeptide of 160,000 da. this nuclease generates a mature 3'-end of nuclear trna(asp) of aspergillus nidulans by the endonuclease activity and prefers the 5'-end processed trna(asp) rather than primary precursor-trna(asp) as a substrate. however, this enzyme did not process both primary mitochondrial precu ... | 1997 | 9144538 |
| the tbp gene from aspergillus nidulans-structure and expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae. | the genomic and cdna copy of the tata-binding protein (tbp) gene from the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans have been cloned. the gene is interrupted by four introns, one of which is in the long 5' untranslated region of 615 bp. the transcription initiation site was established and the levels of mrna were analysed under diverse growth conditions and found to vary severalfold. the gene encodes a protein of 268 amino acids composed of an n-terminal domain of 88 amino acids with no significan ... | 1997 | 9141689 |
| properties of yeast expressed aspergillus nidulans chitin synthase b which is essential for hyphal growth. | a complementary dna of the aspergillus nidulans chsb gene encoding chitin synthase, an essential gene for hyphal growth, was obtained by rt-pcr and expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae by using the gal1 promoter in a multicopy plasmid. the biochemical characteristics of chitin synthase b (chsb) expressed in s. cerevisiae were examined. the chitin synthase b produced in galactose medium showed zymogenicity due to activation by trypsin treatment and required mg2+ ion to exert maximal activity. it ... | 1997 | 9141670 |
| molecular characterization of the aspergillus nidulans trea gene encoding an acid trehalase required for growth on trehalose. | aspergillus nidulans conidiospores contain high levels of the non-reducing disaccharide trehalose. we show that upon induction of conidiospore germination, the trehalose pool is rapidly degraded and a glycerol pool is transiently accumulated. a trehalase with an acidic ph optimum was purified from conidiospores. characterization of the trea gene encoding this trehalase shows that it is homologous to saccharomyces cerevisiae vacuolar acid trehalase, the product of the ath1 gene, and to two relate ... | 1997 | 9140977 |
| the gene encoding the major proline transporter of aspergillus nidulans is upregulated during conidiospore germination and in response to proline induction and amino acid starvation. | in aspergillus nidulans a highly specific l-proline transporter is encoded by the prnb gene which is tightly linked to all other genes involved in proline catabolism. in mycelia, the expression of the prn structural genes is finely co-regulated in response to proline induction and nitrogen/carbon catabolite repression. in this study we establish that prnb expression is also activated during germination of conidiospores. this activation persists until the development of 6 h-old mycelia and it is ... | 1997 | 9140969 |
| cloning of cutinase transcription factor 1, a transactivating protein containing cys6zn2 binuclear cluster dna-binding motif. | hydroxy fatty acids from plant cutin were shown previously to induce the expression of the cutinase gene via a palindromic sequence located at -159 base pairs of the cutinase gene in fusarium solani f. sp. pisi (nectria hematococca mating type vi). of the two overlapping palindromes in this sequence, palindrome 2 was found to be essential for the inducibility of cutinase by hydroxy fatty acids. screening of a phage expression library with the concatenated palindrome 2 as probe detected a distinc ... | 1997 | 9139694 |
| beta-xylosidase activity, encoded by xlnd, is essential for complete hydrolysis of xylan by aspergillus niger but not for induction of the xylanolytic enzyme spectrum. | two proteins exhibiting beta-d-xylosidase activity were identified upon fractionation and purification of a culture filtrate of an arabinoxylan-grown aspergillus niger. a single band of 110 kda by sds/page was obtained in both cases and these were active on xylo-oligosaccharides and on xylan. partial xlnd cdna clones were immunochemically identified and isolated from a lambda cdna expression library. sequence analysis showed that all cdna clones correspond to a single gene. a genomic clone was i ... | 1997 | 9128738 |
| aspergillus fumigatus chse: a gene related to chs3 of saccharomyces cerevisiae and important for hyphal growth and conidiophore development but not pathogenicity. | the aspergillus fumigatus chse (afchse) gene was isolated from an a. fumigatus dna library on the basis of hybridization to a segment of saccharomyces cerevisiae chs3 (scchs3). the amino acid sequence derived from afchse is 28% identical with scchs3 and 80% identical with the product of aspergillus nidulans chsd (anchsd). a mutant strain constructed by disruption of afchse has reduced levels of mycelial chitin, periodic swellings along the length of hyphae, and a block in conidiation that can be ... | 1997 | 9126623 |
| isolation of aspergillus nidulans mutants that overcome brla-induced growth arrest. | the aspergillus nidulans brla gene is a primary regulator of development-specific gene expression during conidiation. forced activation of brla in vegetative cells leads to inappropriate induction of conidiophore formation and causes growth to stop. in fact, when conidia containing a nutritionally inducible brla gene fusion are placed on inducing medium, they fail to germinate. we used this phenotype to select 174 mutants that continue growing following such forced brla activation. forty-six of ... | 1997 | 9126620 |
| the aspergillus nidulans septin encoding gene, aspb, is essential for growth. | septins are a highly conserved family of presumed cytoskeletal proteins involved in cytokinesis and morphogenesis in saccharomyces cerevisiae and drosophila melanogaster. to investigate the role of septins in filamentous fungi, we have identified presumptive septin homologues in aspergillus nidulans. one of these septins, aspb, is expressed during vegetative growth and asexual sporulation. based on cdna and genomic sequences, the predicted aspb protein shares a p-loop motif and coiled coil regio ... | 1997 | 9126618 |
| the amda regulatory gene of aspergillus nidulans: characterization of gain-of-function mutations and identification of binding sites for the gene product. | genetic evidence suggests that the amda gene of aspergillus nidulans encodes a protein which controls the expression of the amds and acia structural genes. the amd166 and amd1666 mutations in the 5' regulatory region of amds lead to higher levels of amda-dependent amds expression. we show here that the putative dna binding domain of amda is capable of binding specific regions of the amds and acia promoters in vitro and this region includes sequences duplicated and triplicated in the amd166 and a ... | 1997 | 9126617 |
| characterization of the aspergillus nidulans aspnd1 gene demonstrates that the aspnd1 antigen, which it encodes, and several aspergillus fumigatus immunodominant antigens belong to the same family. | for the first time, an immunodominant aspergillus nidulans antigen (aspnd1) consistently reactive with serum samples from aspergilloma patients has been purified and characterized, and its coding gene (aspnd1) has been cloned and sequenced. aspnd1 is a glycoprotein with four n-glycosidically-bound sugar chains (around 2.1 kda each) which are not necessary for reactivity with immune human sera. the polypeptide part is synthesized as a 277-amino-acid precursor of 30.6 kda that after cleavage of a ... | 1997 | 9119471 |
| the base analog 6-n-hydroxylaminopurine (hap) mutagenesis is dependent on the integrity of the uvse, uvsf and uvsb genes in aspergillus nidulans. | most of the available data in lower eukaryotes are consistent with the idea that base analogs-induced mutagenesis is due to the mis-pairing properties of these compounds, which, in turn, is due to a shift in the tautomeric equilibrium of the molecule. a tautomeric shift may in fact lead to mismatches which, at least in escherichia coli, can be repaired by genes involved in the post-replicative mismatch repair whose activity is necessary to control spontaneous mutagenesis. in filamentous fungi, s ... | 1997 | 9111919 |
| an aspergillus nidulans nuclear protein, ancp, involved in enhancement of taka-amylase a gene expression, binds to the ccaat-containing taag2, amds, and gata promoters. | using ancp (aspergillus nidulans ccaat-binding protein) as a ccaat-specific binding factor model, the possibility that one factor is able to recognize ccaat sequences in several different genes in a. nidulans was examined. dnase i protection analysis showed that ancp specifically bound to ccaat sequence-containing regions comprising 21 to 36 bp of the taa, amds and gata genes. furthermore, replacement of the ccaat sequence with cgtaa was found to abolish the binding of ancp and to have an inhibi ... | 1997 | 9108273 |
| cloning and characterization of the aspergillus nidulans cysb gene encoding cysteine synthase. | the cysb gene of a. nidulans was cloned by complementation of a cysb mutation. this is the first cloned eukaryotic genomic sequence coding for cysteine synthase. the gene contains one 71-bp intron and codes for a protein of 370 amino acids. its n-terminal region has characteristic features of transit peptides, suggesting mitochondrial localisation of the enzyme. the protein shows homology with bacterial and plant cysteine synthases among which it occupies a remote phylogenetic position and appar ... | 1997 | 9108143 |
| alkaptonuria: from humans to moulds and back. | 1997 | 9097720 | |
| the role of gamma-tubulin in mitotic spindle formation and cell cycle progression in aspergillus nidulans. | gamma-tubulin has been hypothesized to be essential for the nucleation of the assembly of mitotic spindle microtubules, but some recent results suggest that this may not be the case. to clarify the role of gamma-tubulin in microtubule assembly and cell-cycle progression, we have developed a novel variation of the gene disruption/heterokaryon rescue technique of aspergillus nidulans. we have used temperature-sensitive cell-cycle mutations to synchronize germlings carrying a gamma-tubulin disrupti ... | 1997 | 9092944 |
| glutamine-330 is not essential for activity in isopenicillin n synthase from aspergillus nidulans. | the non-heme ferrous dependent oxidase isopenicillin n synthase (ipns) catalyses the biosynthesis of isopenicillin n from a tripeptide substrate. the crystal structure of aspergillus nidulans ipns complexed to manganese reveals a six co-ordinate metal ligated by two water molecules and four protein ligands: his-214, his-270, asp-216 and gln-330 (the penultimate c-terminal residue). modification of gln-330 to ala or leu, or deletion of 2 or 6 residues from the c-terminus resulted in lowering of s ... | 1997 | 9089289 |
| the glutamine ligand in the ferrous iron active site of isopenicillin n synthase of streptomyces jumonjinensis is not essential for catalysis. | isopenicillin n synthase (ipns) is a non-heme ferrous iron dependent dioxygenase that catalyses the ring closure of delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipoyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine (acv) to isopenicillin n. we previously used site-directed mutagenesis to identify in the ipns of streptomyces jumonjinensis two histidines and one aspartic acid that are essential for activity. the recent crystal structure of the ipns of aspergillus nidulans establishes that these amino acids are iron ligands and reveals that the f ... | 1997 | 9089285 |
| isolation of aspergillus nidulans mutants that overcome brla-induced growth arrest | the aspergillus nidulans brla gene is a primary regulator of development-specific gene expression during conidiation. forced activation of brla in vegetative cells leads to inappropriate induction of conidiophore formation and causes growth to stop. in fact, when conidia containing a nutritionally inducible brla gene fusion are placed on inducing medium, they fail to germinate. we used this phenotype to select 174 mutants that continue growing following such forced brla activation. forty-six of ... | 1997 | 9073485 |
| the phenylacetic acid uptake system of aspergillus nidulans is under a crea-independent model of catabolic repression which seems to be mediated by acetyl-coa. | the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans is able to grow on phenylacetic acid (phac) as the sole carbon source and has a highly specific phenylacetic acid transport system mediating the uptake of this aromatic compound. this transport system is also able to transport some phenoxyacetic acid (phoac), although less efficiently. maximal uptake rates were observed at 37 degrees c in 50 mm phosphate buffer (ph 7.0). under these conditions, uptake was linear for at least 1 minute, with k(m) values ... | 1997 | 9066765 |
| molecular regulation of penicillin biosynthesis in aspergillus (emericella) nidulans. | the beta-lactam antibiotic penicillin is produced as end product by only some filamentous fungi, most notably by aspergillus nidulans and penicillium chrysogenum. the biosynthesis of this secondary metabolite is catalyzed by three enzymes which are encoded by the following three genes: acva (pcbab), ipna (pcbc) and aat (pende). the genes are organized into a gene cluster. in a. nidulans, several studies have indicated that the genes are controlled by a complex regulatory network. the wide-domain ... | 1997 | 9066103 |
| aspergillus nidulans maintains short telomeres throughout development. | we report the identification and cloning of the telomeres of the filamentous fungus,aspergillus nidulans. we have identified three classes of cloned chromosomal ends based on the telomere-associated sequences (tass) and demonstrated that the telomeric repeat sequence is ttaggg, identical to that found in vertebrates, including humans, and some lower eukaryotes. one category of telomere clones was found to contain internal, variant taaggg repeats. the a.nidulans telomeric tract length is striking ... | 1997 | 9060439 |
| salt sensitivity and arginase activity in aspergillus nidulans. | 1997 | 9056996 | |
| spectrophotometric determination of homogentisate using aspergillus nidulans homogentisate dioxygenase. | the presence of homogentisic acid (hga) in urine is diagnostic for alkaptonuria, a classical example of a biochemical lesion resulting from a single gene trait. we describe here simple culture conditions which induce the synthesis of high levels of homogentisate dioxygenase activity in mycelia from the filamentous ascomycete aspergillus nidulans. crude enzyme preparations, showing an apparent km of 9 microm for homogentisate and an optimal ph of 6.5-7.0 are rather stable and highly specific for ... | 1997 | 9056215 |
| genetic and molecular analysis of a trna(leu) missense suppressor of nudc3, a mutation that blocks nuclear migration in aspergillus nidulans. | nudc encodes a protein of unknown biochemical function that is required for nuclear migration. in an attempt to define its function by identifying interacting proteins, a screen for extragenic suppressors of the temperature-sensitive nudc3 mutation was undertaken that identified nine snc genes. here we demonstrate that nudc3 has a missense mutation at amino acid 146 that causes leucine to be replaced by proline and that sncb69 encodes a mutant trna(leu) that corrects the mutation. the sncb69 mut ... | 1997 | 9055080 |
| characterization of the ph signal transduction pathway gene pala of aspergillus nidulans and identification of possible homologs. | we have cloned the pala gene of aspergillus nidulans, one of six genes participating in ambient ph signal transduction in a regulatory circuit mediating ph regulation of gene expression. the derived 798-residue pala protein is 29.4% identical over its entire length to a hypothetical protein from the nematode caenorhabditis elegans and also has possible yeast homologs. | 1997 | 9045850 |
| identification of amdx, a new cys-2-his-2 (c2h2) zinc-finger gene involved in the regulation of the amds gene of aspergillus nidulans. | the acetamidase-encoding amds gene of aspergillus nidulans has been shown to be controlled by multiple regulatory genes. a new gene, amdx, involved in amds regulation was identified during the characterization of a translocation affecting amds control. the amdx gene is predicted to encode a 1150-amino-acid polypeptide which contains two cys-2-his-2 (c2h2) zinc finger dna-binding motifs. insertional inactivation of amdx and the phenotypes of transformants containing multiple copies of the amdx ge ... | 1997 | 9044292 |
| the aspergillus nidulans genes chsa and chsd encode chitin synthases which have redundant functions in conidia formation [corrected and republished article originally appeared in mol gen genet 1996 jun; 251(4):442-50]. | we previously isolated three chitin synthase genes (chsa, chsb, and chsc) from aspergillus nidulans. in the present work, we describe the isolation and characterization of another chitin synthase gene, named chsd, from a. nidulans. its deduced amino acid sequence shows 56.7% and 55.9% amino acid identity, respectively, with cal1 of saccharomyces cerevisiae and chs3 of candida albicans. disruption of chsd caused no defect in cell growth or morphology during the asexual cycle and caused no decreas ... | 1997 | 9037115 |
| anaerobic crystallisation of an isopenicillin n synthase.fe(ii).substrate complex demonstrated by x-ray studies. | isopenicillin n synthase (ipns) was cocrystallised with ferrous sulphate and its substrate, delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipoyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine (aad-cys-val). vital to the successful procedure was the maintenance of a rigorously anaerobic environment. hanging-drop vapour-diffusion crystallisation experiments, using lithium sulphate as the precipitant produced three crystal forms. form i crystals, with a plate habit, diffracted x-rays to at least 0.11-nm resolution at the european synchrotron radia ... | 1996 | 9022704 |
| the ynt1 gene encoding the nitrate transporter in the yeast hansenula polymorpha is clustered with genes yni1 and ynr1 encoding nitrite reductase and nitrate reductase, and its disruption causes inability to grow in nitrate. | dna sequencing in the phage lambda ja13 isolated from a lambda embl3 hansenula polymorpha genomic dna library containing the nitrate reductase-(ynr1) and nitrite reductase-(yni1) encoding genes revealed an open reading frame (ynt1) of 1524 nucleotides encoding a putative protein of 508 amino acids with great similarity to the nitrate transporters from aspergillus nidulans and chlamydomonas reinhardtii. disruption of the chromosomal ynt1 copy resulted in incapacity to grow in nitrate and a signif ... | 1997 | 9020872 |
| separation and partial purification of beta-glucosidase and two endoglucanases in aspergillus niveus. | the thermotolerant aspergillus niveus strain rmf 7883 was grown in czapek medium, with filter paper cellulose. the proportion of mycelial-bound to extracellular enzymes was studied. most of the beta-glucosidase (80.9%) and endoglucanases (78.3%) activities were extracellular. the extracellular endoglucanases and beta-glucosidase were separated and partially purified by sephadex g-100 gel filtration, followed by ion exchange chromatography on cm-trisacryl m. two extracellular endoglucanases, eg i ... | 1996 | 9019140 |
| purification and properties of beta-galactosidase from aspergillus nidulans. | beta-galactosidase from mycelial extract of aspergillus nidulans has been purified by substrate affinity chromatography and used to obtain anti-beta-galactosidase polyclonal antibodies. a. nidulans growing in lactose as carbon source synthesizes one active form of beta-galactosidase which seems to be a multimeric enzyme of 450 kda composed of monomers with 120 and 97 kda. although the enzyme was not released to the culture medium, some enzymatic activity was detected in a cell-wall extract, thus ... | 1996 | 9018692 |
| proteolytic activation of rim1p, a positive regulator of yeast sporulation and invasive growth. | in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, rim1, 8, 9, or 13 mutations cause four phenotypes: poor growth at low temperature, altered colony morphology, inefficient sporulation due to reduced expression of the meiotic activator ime1, and, as shown here, defective invasive growth. in this report, we have determined the relationship between rim1 and the other genes, rim8, 9, and 13, in this group. we have analyzed production of epitope-tagged rim1p derivatives with ha epitopes at the n-terminus or in ... | 1997 | 9017390 |
| a prolactin-inducible t cell gene product is structurally similar to the aspergillus nidulans nuclear movement protein nudc. | clone 15 (c15) was originally identified as a prl-inducible gene in activated t cells. sequence analysis of c15 revealed that the last 94 amino acids of c15 are 68% identical and 78% similar to the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans nuclear movement protein nudc. the identification of the mammalian (rat) c15 protein suggests that the carboxy-terminal nudc-like region has been conserved over evolution for an important structure and/or function. to determine whether c15 is functionally analog ... | 1997 | 9013770 |
| expression of a constitutively active ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase in aspergillus nidulans spores prevents germination and entry into the cell cycle. | the unique gene for ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (camk) has been shown to be essential in aspergillus nidulans. disruption of the gene prevents entry of spores into the nuclear division cycle. here we show that expression of a constitutively active form of camk also prevents spores from entering the first s phase in response to a germinating stimulus. expression of the constitutively active kinase induces premature activation of nimecyclin b/nimxcdc2 in g0/g1. as nimxcdc2 is present ... | 1997 | 9013558 |
| influence of zinc oxide on aspergillus species: a possible cause of local, non-invasive aspergillosis of the maxillary sinus. | recently the appearance of radiopaque 'concrements' in the maxillary sinus was reported. these radiodense objects could be identified as root-filling material for teeth of the upper jaw containing zinc oxide. this suggested that excess root-filling material containing zinc oxide in the maxillary sinus could favour the formation of a local, non-invasive aspergillosis. to verify this hypothesis in vitro, we tested the influence of zinc oxide on aspergillus fumigatus, a. flavus, a. terreus, a. nidu ... | 1996 | 9009659 |
| the g2/m dna damage checkpoint inhibits mitosis through tyr15 phosphorylation of p34cdc2 in aspergillus nidulans. | it is possible to cause g2 arrest in aspergillus nidulans by inactivating either p34cdc2 or nima. we therefore investigated the negative control of these two mitosis-promoting kinases after dna damage. dna damage caused rapid tyr15 phosphorylation of p34cdc2 and transient cell cycle arrest but had little effect on the activity of nima. dividing cells deficient in tyr15 phosphorylation of p34cdc2 were sensitive to both mms and uv irradiation and entered lethal premature mitosis with damaged dna. ... | 1997 | 9009279 |
| a study of protein-water exchange through the off-resonance roesy experiment: application to the dna-binding domain of alcr. | in this communication a new nmr experiment for the safe observation and quantification of water-protein exchange phenomena is presented. it combines a water-selective pulse, offering chemical shift-based separation, and the off-resonance roesy dynamic filter, which permits the elimination of the unwanted intramolecular dipolar cross relaxation of protein protons. moreover, pulsed field gradients are used for the suppression of radiation damping and the solvent signal. the straightforward incorpo ... | 1996 | 9008364 |
| the filamentous fungus aspergillus niger contains two "differentially regulated" trehalose-6-phosphate synthase-encoding genes, tpsa and tpsb. | two genes encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthase were cloned from aspergillus niger. tpsa was cloned using the saccharomyces cerevisiae ggs1/tps1 gene as a probe. it encodes a 517-amino acid polypeptide with 64-70% similarity to trehalose-6-phosphate synthase of s. cerevisiae, kluyveromyces lactis, and schizosaccharomyces pombe. its transcription occurs constitutively and is enhanced on carbon-derepressing carbon sources, coinciding with the presence of a crea-binding nucleotide motif in the 5' ... | 1997 | 9006911 |
| gene expression from replicating plasmids in aspergillus nidulans. | plasmids bearing the ama1 replicator from aspergillus nidulans are capable of extrachromosomal replication in this fungus as well as in other species. synthetic plasmids bearing the moderately expressed argb gene and the highly expressed, inducible beta-galactosidase gene (bgas) were introduced into fungal cells. expression of both genes was monitored by northern hybridization. it was demonstrated that transcription of bgas is induced and repressed normally, irrespective of whether the gene is i ... | 1996 | 9003309 |
| delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine synthetase is a rate limiting enzyme for penicillin production in aspergillus nidulans. | the acva gene from aspergillus nidulans encoding delta-(l-alpha-aminoadipyl)-l-cysteinyl-d-valine (acv) synthetase was overexpressed by replacing the wild-type acva promoter with the ethanol dehydrogenase promoter, alcap, from a. nidulans. the expression level of alcap was determined using a strain in which the reporter gene, lacz, is under the control of alcap, and was found to be up to 100 times greater than that from the acva promoter when induced in fermentation conditions. penicillin yields ... | 1996 | 9003303 |
| cloning of the polyketide synthase gene atx from aspergillus terreus and its identification as the 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase gene by heterologous expression. | southern blot analysis of genomic dnas of several fungi that produce polyketide compounds with the 6-methylsalicylic acid synthase (msas) gene of penicillium patulum as a probe indicated the presence of an msas-homologous gene in the (+)-geodin-producing strain imi 16,043 of aspergillus terreus. the gene, designated atx was cloned from an a. terreus genomic dna library and 7588 bp of the gene together with its flanking regions were sequenced to reveal the presence of a 5.5 kb open reading frame ... | 1996 | 9003280 |
| aspergillus nidulans stcl encodes a putative cytochrome p-450 monooxygenase required for bisfuran desaturation during aflatoxin/sterigmatocystin biosynthesis. | the aspergillus nidulans stcl gene is predicted to encode a cytochrome p-450 monooxygenase and is located within a cluster of other genes that are required for synthesis of sterigmatocystin. inactivation of stcl resulted in strains that accumulate dihydrosterigmatocystin, a tetrahydrobisfuran containing molecule that is very similar to the unsaturated product of the wild-type pathway, sterigmatocystin. this observation led us to hypothesize that the a. nidulans sterigmatocystin biosynthetic path ... | 1997 | 8999832 |
| sorption of cadmium by filamentous soil fungi. | the article presents the evaluation of the short-term sorption of cd by selected soil fungi. the freundlich adsorption isotherm method for metal sorption modelling was applied. fungal strains belonging to two classes, zygomycetes and ascomycetes, were used. altogether, six species from ascomycetes (a. niger, a. nidulans, ps. boydii, t. koningii, p. janthinellum, p. verrucosum) and three from zygomycetes (r. rhizopodiformis, r. oryzae, r. pusillus) were examined. these fungi were selected for exp ... | 1996 | 8997697 |
| a novel transporter involved in cobalt uptake. | cobalt is an essential component of a low molecular-mass nitrile hydratase (l-nhase) from rhodococcus rhodochrous j1. we have found a new gene, nhlf, in the dna region sandwiched between nhlba encoding l-nhase and amda encoding amidase, which are involved in the degradation of nitriles. the product of nhlf, nhlf, shows a significant sequence similarity with those of hoxn from alcaligenes eutrophus, hupn from bradyrhizobium japonicum, nixa from helicobacter pylori, and ureh from bacillus sp., whi ... | 1997 | 8990157 |
| sequence-specific binding sites in the taka-amylase a g2 promoter for the crea repressor mediating carbon catabolite repression. | the n-terminal part of the crea protein encompassing two zinc fingers was expressed in escherichia coli as a fusion protein with the maltose binding protein (male) of e. coli. our results show that crea binds to the promoter of the taa-g2 gene encoding taka-amylase a of aspergillus oryzae. dnase i footprinting experiments showed that crea bound to three sites with high affinity and to one site with low affinity within the first 401-bp region upstream of the transcription initiation site. all of ... | 1996 | 8987852 |
| characterization of a protease deficient strain of penicillium roqueforti generated by heterologous plasmid integration: potential use for protein production. | a strain of penicillium roqueforti was transformed with a plasmid which confers resistance to phleomycin. stable transformants were selected. they all present a high resistance to the antibiotic. their proteolytic activity was tested. one transformant is a proteolytic deficient strain unable to degrade casein. it is characterized by a tandem integration of the transformant vector in one site of the genome. the extracellular proteins profile of the strain reveals the absence of a 43 kda polypepti ... | 1996 | 8987631 |
| analysis of cre1 binding sites in the trichoderma reesei cbh1 upstream region. | a 1.5-kb xbai-sacii fragment containing the upstream region of the trichoderma reesei cellobiohydrolase i gene (cbh1) has been sequenced. the 1.5-kb fragment contains eight 6-bp sites having an identical or similar sequence to the consensus sequence for binding a catabolite repressor, aspergillus nidulans crea. results of binding assays with the maltose-binding protein::cre1(10-131) fusion protein (cre1 is a catabolite repressor of t. reesei) and the cbh1 upstream region revealed that a 504-bp x ... | 1996 | 8978090 |
| aspergillus fabm encodes an essential product that is related to poly(a)-binding proteins and activates development when overexpressed. | overexpression of several different aspergillus nidulans developmental regulatory genes has been shown to cause inappropriate developmental activation and growth inhibition. we previously exploited this observation that induced development caused growth inhibition in designing a screen to identify other genes that could activate development when overexpressed. we identified 16 mutants in which induced expression of different random genomic dna sequences caused growth inhibition, accumulation of ... | 1996 | 8978035 |
| hyma (hypha-like metulae), a new developmental mutant of aspergillus nidulans. | asexual fruiting body development in aspergillus nidulans requires a precise spatial and temporal coordinated expression of many genes. insertional mutagenesis was used to isolate and characterize a new mutant of a. nidulans in which hyphal growth was slightly reduced and conidiophore development was specifically blocked at the metula stage. in contrast to the uninucleate metulae of the wild-type, in the mutant these structures were elongated, multinucleate and septate. further differentiation a ... | 1996 | 8969518 |
| allotopic expression of mitochondrial atp synthase genes in nucleus of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | 1996 | 8965711 | |
| aspergillus has distinct fatty acid synthases for primary and secondary metabolism. | aspergillus nidulans contains two functionally distinct fatty acid synthases (fass): one required for primary fatty acid metabolism (fas) and the other required for secondary metabolism (sfas). fas mutants require long-chain fatty acids for growth, whereas sfas mutants grow normally but cannot synthesize sterigmatocystin (st), a carcinogenic secondary metabolite structurally and biosynthetically related to aflatoxin. sfas mutants regain the ability to synthesize st when provided with hexanoic ac ... | 1996 | 8962148 |
| expression of human recombinant beta 2-microglobulin by aspergillus nidulans and its activity. | the light chain of hla class i protein (beta 2m) has been expressed in aspergillus nidulans. the cdna of beta 2m was modified using the polymerase chain reaction to include overlapping extensions for its subsequent fusion into an aspergillus vector. this fusion resulted in beta 2m cdna being flanked by the aspergillus awamori glucoamylase promoter and the aspergillus niger glucoamylase terminator. expression of beta 2m was induced by the addition of starch to the culture medium. in preliminary m ... | 1996 | 8960907 |
| the chsb gene of aspergillus nidulans is necessary for normal hyphal growth and development. | the chsb gene from aspergillus nidulans encodes a class iii chitin synthase, an enzyme class found in filamentous fungi but not in yeast-like organisms. using a novel method, we isolated haploid segregants carrying a disrupted chsb allele from heterozygous diploid disruptants. the haploid disruptants grow as minute colonies that do not conidiate. hyphae from the disruptants have enlarged tips, a high degree of branching, and disorganized lateral walls. the mycelium is not deficient in chitin con ... | 1996 | 8953267 |
| sequence analysis and expression of the penicillium chrysogenum nitrate reductase encoding gene (niad). | the nitrate reductase gene (niad) of the filamentous fungus penicillium chrysogenum encodes a protein of 864 amino acids. the derived protein sequence shows 78% and 72% sequence identity to the corresponding aspergillus niger and a. nidulans proteins, respectively. the coding region of the penicillium gene is interrupted by six small introns, as deduced by comparison with the niad sequences of a. niger and a. nidulans, whereby the positions of the introns are perfectly conserved between these th ... | 1996 | 8950182 |
| induction of beta-oxidation enzymes and microbody proliferation in aspergillus nidulans. | aspergillus nidulans is able to grow on oleic acid as sole carbon source. characterization of the oleate-induced beta-oxidation pathway showed the presence of the two enzyme activities involved in the first step of this catabolic system: acyl-coa oxidase and acyl-coa dehydrogenase. after isopicnic centrifugation in a linear sucrose gradient, microbodies (peroxisomes) housing the beta-oxidation enzymes, isocitrate lyase and catalase were clearly resolved from the mitochondrial fraction, which con ... | 1996 | 8929280 |
| 20s cyclosome complex formation and proteolytic activity inhibited by the camp/pka pathway. | the 20s cyclosome complex (also known as the anaphase-promoting complex) has ubiquitin ligase activity and is required for mitotic cyclin destruction and sister chromatid separation. the formation and activation of the 20s cyclosome complex is regulated by an unknown mechanism. here we show that cut4 (ref. 6) is an essential component of the cyclosome in fission yeast. cut4 shares sequence similarity with bime, a protein that regulates mitosis in aspergillus nidulans. mutations in cut4 result in ... | 1996 | 8918880 |
| molecular cloning of higher plant homologues of the high-affinity nitrate transporters of chlamydomonas reinhardtii and aspergillus nidulans. | the crna nitrate transporter from aspergillus nidulans was identified as belonging to the major facilitator superfamily (mfs) of membrane transporters. degenerate oligonucleotides corresponding to the crna sequences at the locations of two conserved sequence motifs were designed and used in the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to amplify related sequences from barley root poly(a)+ rna. a 130 bp cdna fragment with sequence similarities to crna was amplified and used as a probe to screen a barley r ... | 1996 | 8917103 |
| identification, isolation and sequence of the aspergillus nidulans xlnc gene encoding the 34-kda xylanase. | the xlnc gene encoding the 34-kda xylanase (x34) of aspergillus nidulans (an) has been cloned and sequenced, as has its corresponding cdna. xlnc contains nine introns and shows considerable similarity to the xyna and xylp xylanase-encoding genes of a. kawachii (ak) and penicillium chrysogenum (pc), respectively. analysis of xylanase production in an multicopy transformants showed elevated levels of x34 and increased total xylanase activity, but no elevated production of other xylanases. northern ... | 1996 | 8917072 |
| asm-1+, a neurospora crassa gene related to transcriptional regulators of fungal development. | this report describes the identification, cloning, and molecular analysis of asm-1+ (ascospore maturation 1), the neurospora crassa homologue of the aspergillus nidulans stua (stunted a) gene. the asm-1+ gene is constitutively transcribed and encodes an abundant, nucleus-localized 68.5-kd protein. the protein product of asm-1+ (asm-1), contains a potential dna-binding motif present in related proteins from a. nidulans (stua), candida albicans (efgtf-1), and saccharomyces cerevisiae (phd1 and sok ... | 1996 | 8913744 |
| three binding sites for the aspergillus nidulans pacc zinc-finger transcription factor are necessary and sufficient for regulation by ambient ph of the isopenicillin n synthase gene promoter. | the isopenicillin n synthase (ipna) gene, encoding a key penicillin biosynthetic enzyme in aspergillus nidulans, represents a prototype of an alkaline-expressed gene. ipna is under ambient ph regulation, and its promoter (ipnap) contains binding sites for the zinc-finger transcription factor pacc. we show here that three of these sites, denoted ipna2, ipna3, and ipna4ab, are efficiently recognized by the protein in an isolated sequence context. single, double, and triple inactivation of these si ... | 1996 | 8910527 |
| parods--a study of parallel algorithms for ordering dna sequences. | a suite of parallel algorithms for ordering dna sequences (termed parods) is presented. the algorithms in parods are based on an earlier serial algorithm, ods, which is a physical mapping algorithm based on simulated annealing. parallel algorithms for simulated annealing based on markov chain decomposition are proposed and applied to the problem of physical mapping. perturbation methods and problem-specific annealing heuristics are proposed and described. implementations of parallel single instr ... | 1996 | 8902353 |
| aspergillus nidulans stcp encodes an o-methyltransferase that is required for sterigmatocystin biosynthesis. | the aspergillus nidulans stcp gene was previously identified as a transcribed region associated with a cluster of genes proposed to be involved in sterigmatocystin biosynthesis (d. w. brown, j.-h. yu, h. s. kelkar, m. fernandes, t. c. nesbitt, n. p. keller, t. h. adams, and t. j. leonard, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 93:1418-1422, 1996). stcp was predicted to encode a methyltransferase responsible for conversion of demethylsterig-matocystin to sterigmatocystin. here we demonstrate that disruption ... | 1996 | 8900026 |
| ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase is essential for both growth and nuclear division in aspergillus nidulans. | the calmodulin gene has been shown to be essential for cell cycle progression in a number of eukaryotic organisms. in vertebrates and aspergillus nidulans the calmodulin dependence also requires calcium. we demonstrate that the unique gene encoding a multifunctional calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (camk) is also essential in a. nidulans. this enzyme is required both for the nuclear division cycle and for hyphal growth, because spores containing the disrupted gene arrest with a single ... | 1996 | 8898358 |