Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| detection and differentiation of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar isolates in clinical samples by pcr and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | differential diagnosis of entamoeba histolytica (pathogenic) and entamoeba dispar (nonpathogenic), which are two morphologically identical species of amebae, is essential both for treatment decision and public health knowledge. the study reported here was designed to choose a reference differentiation technique. stool samples (n = 95) were tested by microscopy, techlab enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas), and an in-house pcr. the target for the pcr amplification was a small region (135 b ... | 2003 | 12517854 |
| [usefulness of multiplex-pcr for identification of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar]. | we evaluated the usefulness of a multiplex-pcr method for differentiation of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar, which are morphologically indistinguishable species. cultured trophozoites of e. histolytica hm-1: imss and e. dispar saw were used as the positive control. seven human fecal samples, from which e. histolytica-like cysts were detected by microscopic examination, and three intestinal protozoan parasites, cryptosporidium parvum hnj-1, giardia intestinalis portland-1, and blastoc ... | 2002 | 12508475 |
| an extracellular monoadp-ribosyl transferase activity in entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. | due to the important role of monoadp-ribosyl transferases in physiological and pathological events, we investigated whether the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica had monoadp-ribosyl transferase activity. reactions were initiated using ameba-free medium as the source of both enzyme and adp-ribosylation substrate(s) and [32p]nad+ as source of adp-ribose. proteins were analyzed by electrophoresis, and [32p]-labeled proteins were detected by autoradiography. using the crude extracellular medi ... | 2002 | 12503680 |
| nitric oxide inhibits cysteine proteinases and alcohol dehydrogenase 2 of entamoeba histolytica. | nitric oxide is involved in the neutrophil and macrophage killing of the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. in the present study, we found that cysteine proteinases, significant contributors to amebic virulence and alcohol dehydrogenase 2, an enzyme absolutely required for the survival of the parasite, are both significantly inhibited by s-nitroso-glutathione, a physiological nitric oxide donor, within the concentration range 0.5-2.0 m m. | 2003 | 12489015 |
| confronting parasites from canada. | 2002 | 12482527 | |
| prevalence of parasitic infections in a rural area of karachi, pakistan. | to find the prevalence of human intestinal pathogenic parasites. | 2002 | 12481664 |
| entamoeba histolytica expressing a dominant negative n-truncated light subunit of its gal-lectin are less virulent. | the 260-kda heterodimeric gal/galnac-specific lectin (gal-lectin) of entamoeba histolytica dissociates under reducing conditions into a heavy (hgl, 170 kda) and a light subunit (lgl, 35 kda). we have previously shown that inhibition of expression of the 35-kda subunit by antisense rna causes a decrease in virulence. to further understand the role of the light subunit of the gal-lectin in pathogenesis, amoebae were transfected with plasmids encoding intact, mutated, and truncated forms of the lig ... | 2002 | 12475950 |
| species-specific field testing of entamoeba spp. in an area of high endemicity. | entamoeba histolytica has been separated in recent years into 2 morphologically identical species: the apathogenic e. dispar and the pathogenic e. histolytica, only the latter being pathogenic. although various laboratory techniques allow discrimination between the 2 species there is a lack of field data about the suitability of available diagnostic tests for use in epidemiological studies and few epidemiological studies using species-specific diagnosis have been performed at community level in ... | 2002 | 12474480 |
| a note on indirect hemagglutination (iha) antibody titers among hospitalized patients in thailand with amebic liver abscesses. | amebic hepatic abscess is a tropical disease with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. a retrospective case review was performed on 39 hospitalized patients in thailand with the diagnosis of amebic liver abscess. a total of 23 men (59%) and 16 women (41%), with a mean age of 44.56 +/- 21.81 years (range, 10 to 88 years), were involved in the study. the average duration of present illness was 7.33 +/- 0.83 days. abscesses were discovered in the right lobe in 29 patients (74.4%), in the left ... | 2002 | 12466748 |
| calcium modulates promoter occupancy by the entamoeba histolytica ca2+-binding transcription factor ure3-bp. | the entamoeba histolytica upstream regulatory element 3-binding protein (ure3-bp) binds to the ure3 sequence of the gal/galnac-inhibitable lectin hgl5 and ferredoxin 1 (fdx) gene promoters. this binding can be inhibited in vitro by addition of calcium. two ef-hand motifs, which are associated with the ability to bind calcium, are present in the amino acid sequence of ure3-bp. mutation of the second ef-hand motif in ure3-bp resulted in the loss of calcium inhibition of dna binding as monitored by ... | 2003 | 12466263 |
| ehpak, a member of the p21-activated kinase family, is involved in the control of entamoeba histolytica migration and phagocytosis. | entamoeba histolytica migration is essential for the development of amoebiasis, a human disease characterised by invasion and destruction of tissues. amoebic motility requires both polarisation of the cell and formation of a predominant pseudopod. as p21-activated kinases paks are known to regulate eukaryotic cell motility and morphology, we investigated the role of pak in e. histolytica. we showed that the c-terminal domain of ehpak comprised a constitutive kinase activity in vitro and that ove ... | 2003 | 12456716 |
| evidence for lateral transfer of genes encoding ferredoxins, nitroreductases, nadh oxidase, and alcohol dehydrogenase 3 from anaerobic prokaryotes to giardia lamblia and entamoeba histolytica. | giardia lamblia and entamoeba histolytica are amitochondriate, microaerophilic protists which use fermentation enzymes like those of bacteria to survive anaerobic conditions within the intestinal lumen. genes encoding fermentation enzymes and related electron transport peptides (e.g., ferredoxins) in giardia organisms and amebae are hypothesized to be derived from either an ancient anaerobic eukaryote (amitochondriate fossil hypothesis), a mitochondrial endosymbiont (hydrogen hypothesis), or ana ... | 2002 | 12455953 |
| real-time pcr for detection and differentiation of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar in fecal samples. | a closed-tube, real-time pcr assay was developed for sensitive and specific detection and differentiation of the two closely related intestinal protozoan parasites entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar directly from human feces. the assay is performed with the lightcycler system using fluorescence-labeled detection probes and primers amplifying a 310-bp fragment from the high-copy-number, ribosomal dna-containing ameba episome. the assay was able to detect as little as 0.1 parasite per g of ... | 2002 | 12454128 |
| the calcium-binding protein of entamoeba histolytica as a fusion partner for expression of peptides in escherichia coli. | we describe the construction of an escherichia coli expression vector, cbp that allows the c-terminal fusion of heterologous proteins to the calcium-binding protein (cabp) of the parasitic protozoan entamoeba histolytica. the intrinsic nature of this protein to remain soluble on heat treatment has been exploited in its use as a novel fusion partner. the presence of a histidine tag and an enterokinase recognition site, aid in the affinity purification and proteolytic cleavage of the fusion protei ... | 2002 | 12452805 |
| some gastro-intestinal tract parasites in wild de brazza's monkeys (cercopithecus neglectus) in kenya. | fresh faecal droppings of wild group of de brazza's monkeys (cercopithecus neglectus), earmarked for translocation, were collected between january and july 1998. the samples were analysed using direct smears, ether-sedimentation and the harada-mori culture techniques for gastro-intestinal tract parasites (git). two species of helminths and three of protozoa were detected. entamoeba coli was found in all 40 samples screened from 11 monkeys. entamoeba histolytica was detected in 71.8% of the total ... | 2002 | 12446101 |
| anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antiamoebic activity evaluation of pyrimido[1,6-a]benzimidazole derivatives synthesized by the reaction of ketoisothiocyanates with mono and diamines. | (un) substituted o-phenylenediamines 1a-g reacted with 3-isothiocyanatobutanal to give pyrimidobenzimidazole derivatives, 2a-g, respectively. products 4, 6 and 8, 10 were obtained by condensation of 3-isothiocyanatobutanal with 2,3-diaminopyridine, 1,4-diaminobutane and 3-isothiocyanatopropanal with 4,5-dimethyl-1,2-phenylenediamine, o-nitroaniline, respectively. s-methylation of 2f and 11b gave products 12a and 12b, respectively. anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity evaluations of 2a-g and ... | 2002 | 12446042 |
| the abundant polyadenylated transcript 2 dna sequence of the pathogenic protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica represents a nonautonomous non-long-terminal-repeat retrotransposon-like element which is absent in the closely related nonpathogenic species entamoeba dispar. | while comparing gene expression in the pathogenic organism entamoeba histolytica and the closely related but nonpathogenic species entamoeba dispar, we discovered that the e. histolytica abundant polyadenylated transcript 2 (ehapt2) and corresponding genomic copies are absent in e. dispar. although polyadenylated, ehapt2 does not contain any overt open reading frame. southern blot and sequence analyses revealed that about 500 copies of ehapt2 genomic elements were present in each cell and that t ... | 2002 | 12438355 |
| preliminary morphological study of the effects produced by a methanolic extract of castela texana. | 2002 | 12434567 | |
| characterization of entamoeba histolytica antigens in circulating immune complexes in sera of patients with amoebiasis. | isolated circulating immune complexes (cics) from sera of patients with amoebiasis were characterized to determine entamoeba histolytica antigens that participate in the disease process. in total, 116 serum samples were collected before starting anti-amoebic therapy, and their cics were isolated by differential polyethylene glycol precipitation. the presence of amoeba-specific antigens in cics was detected by antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and by immunoblot assay. anti ... | 2002 | 12430757 |
| endemic invasive amoebiasis in northern australia. | 2002 | 12429010 | |
| entamoeba histolytica: sequence conservation of the gal/galnac lectin from clinical isolates. | the gal/galnac lectin gene of entamoeba histolytica is a major amebic virulence protein responsible for interaction with host tissues. we investigated sequence differences in the gal/galnac lectin heavy subunit in three isolates from bangladesh and one isolate from georgia, each of which was determined to be genetically distinct by srehp alui digestion. interestingly, we observed only slight genetic diversity in the lectin gene as compared with the hm1:imss laboratory strain, originally a clinic ... | 2002 | 12427470 |
| a rho-like small gtpase of entamoeba histolytica contains an unusual amino acid residue in a conserved gdp-stabilization region and is not a substrate for c3 exoenzyme. | the entamoeba histolytica small gtp-binding protein ehrho1 has an unusual amino acid residue at a conserved site found in all known ras superfamily proteins. ehrho1 has an isoleucine at position 45, which corresponds to position 28 of human ras and rac and position 30 of human rho and cdc42. all other known small gtpases have an aromatic residue (typically phenylalanine) at this position, and mutation to a leucine renders other ras proteins constitutively active by reason of diminished affinity ... | 2002 | 12427464 |
| two ccaat/enhancer binding protein sites are cis-activator elements of the entamoeba histolytica ehpgp1 (mdr-like) gene expression. | here, we show the relevance of promoter regions (-74 to +24, -167 to -75 and -259 to -168 bp) in the transcriptional activation of the multidrug resistance gene ehpgp1 in entamoeba histolytica, using mutated plasmids and transfection assays. we also demonstrate that both ccaat/enhancer binding protein sites (-54 to -43 bp and -198 to -186 bp) are cis-activating elements of gene expression in the drug-resistant (clone c2) and -sensitive (clone a) trophozoites. nuclear proteins from trophozoites o ... | 2002 | 12427095 |
| multidrug resistance in the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. | in this review we discuss the mechanisms and molecules involved in the multidrug resistance (mdr) of the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica. drug resistant mutants exhibited the main characteristics presented by the mdr mammalian cells. they showed cross-resistance to several unrelated drugs that is reverted by calcium channel blockers. mdr phenotype in e. histolytica is regulated at a transcriptional level by the ehpgp1 gene, which is constitutively expressed and by the ehpgp5 gene, whose ... | 2002 | 12421633 |
| synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activity of 5-nitrothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone derivatives. | several thiosemicarbazone derivatives of 5-nitrothiophene-2-carboxaldehyde were prepared by the simple process in which n(4)-thiosemicarbazone moiety was replaced by aliphatic, arylic and cyclic amine. among these thiosemicarbazones compound 11 showed significant antiamoebic activity whereas compound 3 was more active antitrichomonal than the reference drug. | 2002 | 12419387 |
| [multiple drug resistance in entamoeba histolytica]. | 2002 | 12415960 | |
| potential antiamoebic property of the roots of piper longum linn. | in an earlier study we reported the effect of ethanol extracts of piper longum fruit against caecal amoebiasis in rats. a follow-up study to determine whether the roots possess similar antiamoebic activity was carried out. the ethanolic extract of roots was amoebicidal at 1,000 microg/ml in vitro and cured 88% of caecal amoebiasis cases, suggesting that both the root and fruit of p. longum possess antiamoebic activity to approximately the same extent. | 2002 | 12410557 |
| remarkable genetic polymorphism among entamoeba histolytica isolates from a limited geographic area. | in order to understand genetic polymorphisms among entamoeba histolytica strains in a limited geographic area and among restricted social populations, we studied nucleotide polymorphism in dna regions that do not encode proteins (locus 1-2 and locus 5-6) and in genes coding for chitinase and for serine-rich e. histolytica protein. thirty e. histolytica isolates from domestically infected japanese amebiasis patients (male homosexuals and residents in institutions for the mentally handicapped) and ... | 2002 | 12409379 |
| amebic liver abscess. | amebic liver abscess should be suspected in travelers returning from endemic areas or in immunocompromised patients who present with fever, right upper quadrant pain, hepatomegaly, and a liver lesion on an imaging study. rapid initiation of therapy without serologic confirmation of infection, if necessary, is important to minimize complications. metronidazole is given orally or intravenously for 14 days. the drug is generally well tolerated and leads to resolution of symptoms in most patients wi ... | 2002 | 12408781 |
| treatment of asymptomatic intestinal entamoeba histolytica infection. | 2002 | 12397207 | |
| [what tests are needed to diagnosis amebiasis?]. | 2002 | 12395743 | |
| primary cutaneous amoebiasis: case report with review of the literature. | primary cutaneous amoebiasis is a rare clinical entity. the lesions can be successfully treated if suspected and correctly diagnosed. we report an interesting case with review of the literature. | 2002 | 12390191 |
| lines and sine-like elements of the protist entamoeba histolytica. | a survey of whole genome shotgun sequences of the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica revealed three families of non-long terminal repeat (ltr) retrotransposons or long interspersed elements (lines) (called ehlines in this report). the 4.8 kb ehlines each had a single open reading frame with a putative nucleic acid binding motif (cchc) and restriction enzyme-like endonuclease domain located downstream of the reverse transcriptase (rt) domain. phylogenetic analysis of the rt domain placed th ... | 2002 | 12384304 |
| the mouse model of amebic colitis reveals mouse strain susceptibility to infection and exacerbation of disease by cd4+ t cells. | amebic colitis is an important worldwide parasitic disease for which there is not a well-established animal model. in this work we show that intracecal inoculation of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites led to established infection in 60% of c3h mice, while c57bl/6 or balb/c mice were resistant, including mice genetically deficient for il-12, ifn-gamma, or inducible no synthase. infection was a chronic and nonhealing cecitis that pathologically mirrored human disease. characterization of the infl ... | 2002 | 12370386 |
| amebic infections due to the entamoeba histolytica-entamoeba dispar complex: a study of the incidence in a remote rural area of ecuador. | an epidemiologic field study was conducted in the village of borbòn in esmeraldas province in northern ecuador to compare different parasitologic methods in the diagnosis of infection with the entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar complex. the results of two stool antigen detection assays (the prospect entamoeba histolytica microplate assay and the e. histolytica ii assay) were compared with isoenzyme characterization of the amebic isolates. nearly all (176 of 178, 98.9%) subjects were positive ... | 2002 | 12363056 |
| [parasitary infections of the liver] | in perú three are the parasites which affect frequently the liver: entamoeba histolytica, echinococcus granulosus and hepatic fasciola.amebic liver abscess can start acutely or insidiously with fever and right upper quadrant abdominal pain, with or without liver or intercostal tenderness. the main complications are thoracic, peritoneal or pericardial extension (left lobe abscess). diagnosis by images study and serology techniques are effective. currently, metronidazole is the treatment of choice ... | 1997 | 12297885 |
| [amebiosis] | this is a short review of the infection and disease caused by entamoeba histolytica. the morphology of the evolutive stages and the life cycle of the parasite is described, including biochemical and immunological data.the intestinal and extraintestinal forms of this disease are briefly characterized as well as the diagnosis by images and laboratory. differentiation between e. histolytica and e. dispar (known as nonpathogenic e. histolytica) with similar morphology is crucial for individual or ma ... | 1997 | 12297882 |
| [prevalence of protozoans in children with acute diarrheal disease]. | a cross-sectional study was conducted in june-september 1991 in the oral rehydration unit of a children's hospital in santo domingo to determine the prevalence of enteric protozoa as a cause of diarrhea. the 100 randomly selected children were aged 3-35 months and had light to moderate dehydration and diarrhea of less than 15 days' duration. the relationship between the presence of protozoans and various risk factors was assessed following the model of a case control study, with children havin ... | 1991 | 12290552 |
| structure and inactivation of triosephosphate isomerase from entamoeba histolytica. | triosephosphate isomerase (tim) has been proposed as a target for drug design. tims from several parasites have a cysteine residue at the dimer interface, whose derivatization with thiol-specific reagents induces enzyme inactivation and aggregation. tims lacking this residue, such as human tim, are less affected. tim from entamoeba histolytica (ehtim) has the interface cysteine residue and presents more than ten insertions when compared with the enzyme from other pathogens. to gain further insig ... | 2002 | 12270704 |
| entamoeba histolytica: immunohistochemical study of hepatic amoebiasis in mouse. neutrophils and nitric oxide as possible factors of resistance. | studies in mice have not rendered conclusive data on cell and humoral factors to support the resistance of this rodent to entamoeba histolytica infection. in balb/c and c3h/hej mice inoculated with live or fixed trophozoites, we studied the evolution of the hepatic lesion, the kinetics of inflammatory cells, and the participation of some humoral factors in the development of the hepatic amoebic lesion. from the first hour, amoebae were surrounded by neutrophils containing inducible nitric oxide ... | 2002 | 12243737 |
| fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases in amitochondriate protists constitute a single protein subfamily with eubacterial relationships. | sequences of putative fructose-1,6-bisphospate aldolases (fba) in five amitochondriate unicellular eukaryotes, the diplomonads giardia intestinalis (published earlier) and spironucleus barkhanus, the pelobiont mastigamoeba balamuthi,the entamoebid entamoeba histolytica, and the parabasalid trichomonas vaginalis all belong to class ii of fbas and are highly similar to each other (>48% amino acid identity). the five protist sequences, however, do not form a monophyletic group. diplomonad fbas shar ... | 2002 | 12242011 |
| a cross-sectional study of intestinal parasitic infections among schoolchildren in nan province, northern thailand. | a cross-sectional study of the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections at eight schools in bo klau district and four schools in chalerm prakiet district, nan province, in january and february, 2001. a total of 1,010 fecal samples were examined using the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. results revealed that the rate of helminthic infection was 60.0%, while protozoa accounted for 36.2% of infections; mixed infections were common, resulting in a total prevalence of both parasites of 6 ... | 2002 | 12236415 |
| signal transduction in entamoeba histolytica induced by interaction with fibronectin: presence and activation of phosphokinase a and its possible relation to invasiveness. | interaction of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites with extracellular matrix (ecm) proteins activates signaling pathways through g-protein-coupled receptors. increments of adenylyl cyclase activity and camp produce a striking reorganization of actin into structures that apparently facilitate adhesive, locomotive, and secretory activities. the reorganization of actin is induced by phosphorylation of actin-associated proteins by diverse kinases activated during the signaling process. although camp- ... | 2002 | 12234529 |
| a monoclonal antibody to the amebic lipophosphoglycan-proteophosphoglycan antigens can prevent disease in human intestinal xenografts infected with entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica trophozoites are covered by lipophosphoglycan-peptidoglycan molecules which may be key virulence factors. we found that pretreatment of severe combined immunodeficient mice bearing human intestinal xenografts with a monoclonal antibody to the amebic lipophosphoglycan-peptidoglycan molecules can prevent or significantly reduce the human intestinal inflammation and tissue damage that are normally seen with e. histolytica colonic infection. | 2002 | 12228321 |
| seasonal prevalence of intestinal parasites in the united states during 2000. | one-third of 5,792 fecal specimens from 2,896 patients in 48 states and the district of columbia tested positive for intestinal parasites during the year 2000. multiple infections with 2-4 parasitic species constituted 10% of 916 infected cases. blastocystis hominis infected 662 patients (23% or 72% of the 916 cases). its prevalence appears to be increasing in recent years. eighteen other species of intestinal parasites were identified. cryptosporidium parvum and entamoeba histolytica/e. dispar ... | 2002 | 12224595 |
| differentiation of entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar by pcr and their correlation with humoral and cellular immunity in individuals with clinical variants of amoebiasis. | to correlate a particular state of immunity with entamoeba spp., we used colorimetric pcr to differentiate e. histolytica from e. dispar in individuals with amoebiasis and to associate its presence with the clinical profile, including humoral and cellular immune responses to e. histolytica. our results showed high levels of antibody in acute amoebiasis and elevation of il-4 production, a cytokine related to th2 profile, associated with e. histolytica. in chronic amoebiasis, even with anti-e. his ... | 2002 | 12224582 |
| [utility of studying feces for the diagnosis and management of infants and preschool children with acute diarrhea]. | to analyze the results of a stool work-up protocol in a series of infants and preschoolers with acute diarrhea. | 2002 | 12216520 |
| a patient with intestinal amoebiasis and cutaneous amoebic ulcer. | this paper reports a patient with intestinal amoebiasis in concomitant with amoebic ulcer in the thigh. the ulcer was suspected to be carcinoma, complicated cutaneous leishmaniasis or due to free-living amoebae. the diagnosis was confirmed by the pathological and parasitological demonstration of haematophagous trophozoites of e. histolytica. the patient was successfully treated with metronidazole. | 2002 | 12214920 |
| construction and immunogenicity of a codon-optimized entamoeba histolytica gal-lectin-based dna vaccine. | invasive amebiasis caused by entamoeba histolytica is the third leading parasitic cause of mortality, and there are no vaccines available to help control the disease. the galactose-adherence lectin (gal-lectin) is the parasite's major molecule allowing it to adhere to colonic mucin for colonization and to target cells for tissue destruction. it is immunodominant and is regarded as the most promising candidate molecule to be included in a subunit vaccine against amebiasis. in this study, we are r ... | 2002 | 12213393 |
| epidemiology of amebiasis in a region of high incidence of amebic liver abscess in central vietnam. | the recent identification of entamoeba dispar as a separate species, which is nonpathogenic for humans but morphologically indistinguishable from entamoeba histolytica, has prompted the world health organization to recommend reinforced efforts for reassessment of the epidemiology of amebiasis and, in particular, of e. histolytica. in this regard, the distribution of amebic liver abscess (ala) cases were analyzed in the province of thua thien hué (tt hué) in central vietnam, a region known for it ... | 2002 | 12201594 |
| [intestinal parasites in african asylum seekers: prevalence and risk factors]. | to determine the prevalence of potentially pathogenic intestinal parasites in asylum seekers coming from a highly endemic area, and to identify groups of asylum seekers from africa with a high risk of an intestinal parasitic infestation which is potentially harmful of their own health or that of those in their vicinity. | 2002 | 12198830 |
| innate and acquired resistance to amebiasis in bangladeshi children. | entamoeba histolytica infection and colitis occurred in 55% and 4%, respectively, of a cohort of bangladeshi preschool children observed for 2 years. dna typing demonstrated that infecting e. histolytica isolates were genetically diverse. innate resistance to infection in children was linked to the absence of serum anti-trophozoite igg. most children who lacked serum anti-trophozoite igg failed to develop it in response to a new infection. the serum anti-trophozoite igg response clustered in fam ... | 2002 | 12195383 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasitic pathogens in hiv-seropositive individuals in northern india. | to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seropositive subjects, fecal samples were collected from 120 hiv-seropositive patients and were analyzed for various intestinal parasites. thirty-six patients (30%) were found to harbor an intestinal parasite. cryptosporidium parvum was the most common (10.8%), followed by giardia lamblia (8.3%). cyclospora cayetanensis and blastocystis hominis each were detected in 3.3% of the patients, while isosp ... | 2002 | 12195048 |
| opportunities and obstacles in developing a vaccine for entamoeba histolytica. | the development of a vaccine against entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amebic colitis and liver abscess, would reduce childhood mortality in countries such as bangledesh where community-based studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of e. histolytica. immunological studies from this population have shown that protection from amebiasis is associated with mucosal anti-e. histolytica gal/galnac lectin antibodies, suggesting that a vaccine is an achievable goal. however, garnering res ... | 2002 | 12183151 |
| leishmania donovani phosphofructokinase. gene characterization, biochemical properties and structure-modeling studies. | the characterization of the gene encoding leishmania donovani phosphofructokinase (pfk) and the biochemical properties of the expressed enzyme are reported. l. donovani has a single pfk gene copy per haploid genome that encodes a polypeptide with a deduced molecular mass of 53 988 and a pi of 9.26. the predicted amino acid sequence contains a c-terminal tripeptide that conforms to an established signal for glycosome targeting. l. donovani pfk showed most sequence similarity to inorganic pyrophos ... | 2002 | 12180974 |
| entamoeba histolytica: dna carrier vesicles in nuclei and kinetoplast-like organelles (ehkos). | entamoeba histolytica, the protozoan responsible for human amoebiasis, has a complex genome, whose linear chromosomes and dna circles have so far eluded detailed analysis. we report the detection by transmission electron microscopy of nuclear vesicles (0.05-0.3 microm in diameter) carrying dna in e. histolytica trophozoites. in late anaphase many of these nuclear vesicles were found to be organized in structures of approximately 2.5 x 1 microm, in association with chromosomes and microtubules. i ... | 2002 | 12172801 |
| [enteropathogenic agents isolated in persistent diarrhoea]. | out of 45558 patients admited in our hospital, from january 1990 to december 1993, the clinical records of 4445 children with diarrhoea (4289 with acute diarrihoea and 156 with persistent diarrhoea) were reviewed. those with positive bacteriological or parasitological results were taken as sample. salmonella was the bacteria most frequently isolated in both groups of patients. ecep and eceh had a similar distribution while shigella showed a higher frequency in cases of persistent diarrhoea, for ... | 1996 | 12165786 |
| cryptosporidium infection in children with diarrhoea of acute onset. | 2002 | 12164606 | |
| pathogenesis of amebiasis. | it is an exciting time in the study of entamoeba histolytica. over the past two years, the natural history and burden of disease in humans has been redefined, mucosal immune responses associated with protection identified, and the developmental regulation of encystation outlined. the number of genes sequenced has increased from a few hundred to a few thousand, and study of the genome structure is revealing unusual repetitive elements and plasticity. dna microarrays promise the first ability to e ... | 2002 | 12160867 |
| intestinal parasitic infections and swamp development in sierra leone. | the prevalence of entamoeba histolytica, giardia lamblia and other intestinal and urogenital parasites were assessed in five inland valley swamp (ivs) development faming communities in the moyamba district, south-central sierra leone. stool and urine samples were submitted by 1106 individuals and examined by the iron-haematoxylin staining and the formalin-ether concentration techniques for faecal sample and centrifugation method for the urine samples. the overall parasitic infection rate was 61. ... | 1994 | 12153344 |
| the bittersweet interface of parasite and host: lectin-carbohydrate interactions during human invasion by the parasite entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica, as its name suggests, is an enteric parasite with a remarkable ability to lyse host tissues. however, the interaction of the parasite with the host is more complex than solely destruction and invasion. it is at the host-parasite interface that cell-signaling events commit the parasite to (a) commensal, noninvasive infection, (b) developmental change from trophozoite to cyst, or (c) invasion and potential death of the human host. the molecule central to these processes is a ... | 2002 | 12142490 |
| fourteen-year seroepidemiological study of zoonoses in a greek village. | a seroepidemiological study carried out in a high-risk village in crete in 1985-1987 and 1998 showed that although the awareness of the people concerning zoonoses had increased during this period, the situation did not improve: there was a significant increase of the spread of seroprevalence in time and space of coxiella burnetii, rickettsia typhi, brucella sp., and entamoeba histolytica. toxoplasma gondii, rickettsia conorii, borrelia burgdorferi, echinococcus granulosus, leishmania sp., and fa ... | 2002 | 12135274 |
| can the efficacy of bacille calmette-guérin tuberculosis vaccine be affected by intestinal parasitic infections? | 2002 | 12134245 | |
| [significance of prostaglandins in hepatic amebiasis]. | prostaglandins are important mediators of inflammation; they also play a role in the regulation of both lymphocyte and macrophage functions. hamster's liver lesions resulting from intraportal or intrahepatic inoculation of living entamoeba histolytica trophozoites are characterized by an acute inflammatory response, where trophozoites are successively surrounded by polymorphonuclear leukocytes, lymphocytes, and macrophages. incapability of these cells to counteract amebic invasion has been demon ... | 2002 | 12132323 |
| synthesis and antiparasitic activity of 1h-benzimidazole derivatives. | compounds 1-18 have been synthesized and tested in vitro against the protozoa giardia lamblia, entamoeba histolytica and the helminth trichinella spiralis. inhibition of rat brain tubulin polymerization was also measured and compared for each compound. results indicate that most of the compounds tested were more active as antiprotozoal agents than metronidazole and albendazole. none of the compounds was as active as albendazole against t. spiralis. although only compounds 3, 9 and 15 (2-methoxyc ... | 2002 | 12127542 |
| entamoeba histolytica schaudinn, 1903 and entamoeba dispar brumpt, 1925: differences in their cell surfaces and in the bacteria-containing vacuoles. | entamoeba histolytica schaudinn, 1903 and entamoeba dispar brumpt. 1925 are two of eight species of entamoeba that sometimes inhabit the human colon. the former is an invasive organism capable of causing life-threatening intestinal and extra-intestinal disease: the latter appears not to be invasive. because the two species, when viewed by light microscopy appear morphologically similar, they were long regarded as a single species. however, recent biochemical. immunological, and genetic studies p ... | 2002 | 12120986 |
| in vitro effect of nitazoxanide against entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis and trichomonas vaginalis trophozoites. | nitazoxanide, a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative, is effective in the treatment of a broad range of parasitic infections. in vitro, it is active against several protozoa, including cryptosporidium parvum, blastocystis hominis, and giardia intestinalis. the objective of this study was to determine the in vitro effect of nitazoxanide on the growth and morphology of three anaerobic protozoa (entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis, and trichomonas vaginalis) and to compare these effects with those o ... | 2002 | 12120985 |
| antigenicity and immunogenicity of phage library-selected peptide mimics of the major surface proteophosphoglycan antigens of entamoeba histolytica. | entamoeba histolytica is the protozoan parasite responsible for intestinal amoebiasis and amoebic liver abscess, which cause significant morbidity and mortality in many countries of the world. proteophosphoglycans (ppgs, also known as lipophosphoglycans, lpgs, or lipopeptidophosphoglycans, lppgs) represent dominant surface components of e. histolytica. passive immunization with a monoclonal antibody (eh5) directed against these components protected scid mice from amoebic liver abscess, so ppgs m ... | 2002 | 12102717 |
| methods for cultivation of luminal parasitic protists of clinical importance. | cultivation of luminal protistan parasites has a long history. in this review we discuss the methods and media that are most widely used for the establishment and maintenance of the following organisms in culture: entamoeba histolytica, giardia intestinalis, trichomonas vaginalis, dientamoeba fragilis, blastocystis hominis, and balantidium coli. while cultivation is of limited importance in the diagnostic laboratory, it is essential to most research laboratories, and it is toward the latter that ... | 2002 | 12097242 |
| thoracic amebiasis. | pleuropulmonary amebiasis is the common and pericardial amebiasis the rare form of thoracic amebiasis. low socioeconomic conditions, malnutrition, chronic alcoholism, and asd with left to right shunt are contributing factors to the development of pulmonary amebiasis. although no age is exempt, it commonly occurs in patients aged 20 to 40 years, with an adult male to female ratio of 10:1. children rarely develop thoracic amebiasis: when it does occur there is an equal sex distribution. the infect ... | 2002 | 12092041 |
| intestinal parasites among young children in the interior of guyana. | intestinal parasites contribute greatly to morbidity in developing countries. while there have been several studies of the problem in the caribbean, including the implementation of control programmes, this has not been done for guyana. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among young children in a town located in the interior of guyana. eighty-five children under the age of 12 years were studied prospectively for intestinal parasites in mahdia, guyana. st ... | 2002 | 12089870 |
| enterotoxigenic escherichia coli as cause of diarrhea among mexican adults and us travelers in mexico. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is the most common pathogen identified in travelers to mexico with diarrhea. there have been few recent studies looking at the etiology of diarrhea in travelers compared with the local resident population. | 2002 | 12088579 |
| [pathogenic protozoans in man: differential characterization of entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar complex, acanthamoeba spp., microsporidia]. | the review summarizes the results in the main parasitological topics of our lab: amoebic infections due to entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar complex and to acanthamoeba spp. respectively, and human infections caused by microsporidia. different rapid and advanced techniques have been included in the standardized diagnostic protocols for each topic, and a critical comparison among them was made, in order to define the gold standard diagnostic method: a) e. histolytica/e. dispar: in vitro cult ... | 2001 | 12078476 |
| [the current status of infectious enteritis in japan--reports of the "research group for infectious enteric diseases, japan" in the last 5 years (1996-2000)]. | the patients or carriers with infectious enteritis admitted to the hospitals for infectious diseases in the last 5 years (1996-2000) were studied. the total number of cases admitted in each year were 969, 1,113, 981, 637 and 573 respectively. a total of 1,527 shigella spp. strains including 1,078 strains from overseas travelers' cases were isolated. the isolates of salmonella spp. excluding s. typhi and s. paratyphi a were 562 in number. a total of 61 vibrio cholerae o1 strains including 44 stra ... | 2002 | 12073571 |
| lipid metabolism in mucous-dwelling amitochondriate protozoa. | entamoeba, giardia, and trichomonads are the prominent members of a group known as 'mucosal parasites'. while entamoeba and giardia trophozoites colonise the small intestine, trichomonads inhabit the genitourinary tracts of humans and animals. these protozoa lack mitochondria, well-developed golgi complexes, and other organelles typical of higher eukaryotes. nonetheless, they have developed unique metabolic pathways that allow them to survive and multiply in the small intestine and reproductive ... | 2002 | 12062485 |
| subcellular localization of the nad+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase in entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. | the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica is an ancient eukaryotic cell that shows morphologically atypical organelles and differs metabolically from higher eukaryotic cells. the aim of this study was to determine the subcellular localization of ameba nad+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (adh2). the enzyme activity was present in soluble and mainly in particulate material whose density was 1.105 in a sucrose gradient. by differential centrifugation, most of the adh activity sedimented at 160, ... | 2002 | 12058720 |
| cyst production and transmission of entamoeba and endolimax. | we studied the cyst production of 340 asymptomatic carriers with single or mixed infections of entamoeba histolytica/entamoeba dispar, endolimax nana and entamoeba coli. it was found that the main source of transmission was a small group of 37 (10.9%) carriers who produced 70.2% of all cysts. gender was an important factor for cyst production of ent. histolytica/ent. dispar, since males produced 6-fold more cysts than females. females produced 'large' (13-15 microns) ent. histolytica/ent. dispar ... | 2002 | 12055796 |
| cellulose acetate precipitation test in sero-diagnosis of amoebiasis. | cellulose acetate precipitation (cap) test for the detection of antibody against entamoeba histolytica using the axenic antigen, was performed on the 127 serum samples obtained from patients with amoebic liver abscess (14), amoebic hepatitis (21), amoebic dysentry (11), amoebic colitis (31), other parasitic infestations (25) and normal individuals (25). the percent positivity was 100, 95.23, 90.9, 67.74 and 16 and 12 respectively whereas the corresponding figures for the indirect immunoflouresce ... | 1984 | 12055791 |
| entamoeba histolytica genomic organization: identification, structure, and phylogenetic relationship of two serine-threonine protein kinases. | 2002 | 12054704 | |
| effect of proteasome inhibitors on the growth, encystation, and excystation of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba invadens. | the effect of three proteasome inhibitors, lactacystin, clasto-lactacystin beta-lactone, and mg-132, on the growth, encystation, and excystation of entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba invadens was examined. all of these drugs blocked e. histolytica growth in a concentration-dependent manner; lactacystin was most potent for the inhibition and mg-132 showed the inhibitory effect only at higher concentrations. e. invadens was more resistant to these drugs than e. histolytica. encystation of e. inva ... | 2002 | 12049464 |
| detection of e. histolytica, g. lamblia and cryptosporidium copro-antigens in stool samples. | a double antibody sandwich elisa technique, using a chromatography purified antisera against e. histolytica, g. lamblia and cryptosporidium antigens, was applied to detect copro-antigens of the corrosponding parasites in 90 patients. all positive cases were diagnosed by parasitological examination and proved to have the infection solely. beside the 90 positive cases, 40 age-matched controls were included in the study, of which 20 individuals were infected with other parasites but not cryptospori ... | 2002 | 12049254 |
| survey of faecal parasites in patients from western kenya. | faecal specimens were collected from patients complaining of diarrhoea and abdominal or epigastric discomfort at two hospitals. information obtained by questionnaires completed at the time of specimens collection, included demographic and clinical data. specimens were preserved in 10% formalin and polyvinyl alcohol (pva) and examined, as wet mounts and stained with wheatley's trichrome, weber, modified acid-fast and hot safranin stains. one hundred patients were examined, in 30 of them parasites ... | 2002 | 12049246 |
| structure and function of the entamoeba histolytica gal/galnac lectin. | gal/galnac lectin is a novel multifunctional virulence factor of the human parasite entamoeba histolytica. the native protein is a 260-kda heterodimer consisting of a type 1 membrane protein disulfide bonded to a lipid-anchored protein. each subunit has several isoforms that may form functionally different heterodimers, analogous to the integrin family of proteins. recently a second 150-kda gal/galnac lectin has been identified in e. histolytica that associates with the 260-kda lectin. the funct ... | 2002 | 12049210 |
| parasitic diarrhoea in patients with aids. | diarrhoea is a common clinical manifestation of hiv infection regardless of whether or not patients have aids. two newly recognized opportunistic coccidial protozoa are parasitic pathogens in aids patients. we attempted to determine the common parasites in indian patients with aids. | 2002 | 12044119 |
| value of clostridium difficile antigen test in immunocompromised hosts in the tropics. | 39 fecal and body fluid specimens of immunocompromised patients who developed diarrhoea were tested for clostridium difficile antigen test. the test was identified in only 11 and in one ascitic fluid. endoscopy was performed in 5 patients and it showed pseudomembranous colitis in one. numerous antibiotics were associated with c. difficile related diarrhea: ampicillin, 43%; cephalosporins, 43% and clindamycin, 14%. three salmonella sp., and one entamoeba histolytica were detected among patients w ... | 1991 | 12041792 |
| comparison between r-phycocyanin-labeled and r-phycoerythrin-labeled monoclonal antibody (mab) probes for the detection of entamoeba histolytica trophozoites. | a comparison between r-phycocyanin (r-pc)-labeled monoclonal antibody (mab) probe and r-phycoerythrin (r-pe)-labeled mab probe for the detection of the three standard reference strains of the cultured-derived entamoeba histolytica trophozoites, namely hk-9, hm-1:imss, and hth-56:mutm were evaluated by using direct immunofluorescence antibody (difa) assay five times for each strain. under the blue irradiation of the fluorescent microscope, both r-pc-labeled and r-pe-labeled mab probes showed cons ... | 2001 | 12041583 |
| diagnosis of intestinal amebiasis using salivary iga antibody detection. | attempts were made to use soluble antigen extract of strain hk-9 of entamoeba histolytica to detect salivary iga antibodies in intestinal amebiasis patients by using elisa. total salivary samples of 109 individuals were divided into four groups. group i comprised 32 patients whose stools were positive only for e. histolytica cysts and/or trophozoites. group ii comprised 12 individuals whose stools were positive for e. histolytica and other intestinal parasites. group iii comprised 36 individuals ... | 2001 | 12041582 |
| protozoan enteric infection in aids related diarrhea in thailand. | the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of enteric protozoa and other pathogens in aids patients with diarrhea in bangkok, thailand. of 288 consecutive patients screened in the 10 month period between november 1999-august 2000 inclusive, 55 (19.2%) had cryptosporidium spp, 13 (4.5%) had isospora oocyst, 11 (3.8%) had giardia lamblia, 3 (0.9%) had entamoeba histolytica, and 1 (0.3%) had iodamoeba butschlii infection. the prevalence of microsporidia was 11% in this study. of 251 pati ... | 2001 | 12041580 |
| how protozoan parasites evade the immune response. | protozoan pathogens such as plasmodium, leishmania, trypanosoma and entamoeba are responsible for several of the most widespread and lethal human diseases. their successful survival depends mainly on evading the host immune system by, for example, penetrating and multiplying within cells, varying their surface antigens, eliminating their protein coat, and modulating the host immune response. immunosuppression is sometimes caused directly by parasite products and sometimes involves antigenic mimi ... | 2002 | 12036742 |
| characterization of a rab7-like gtpase, ehrab7: a marker for the early stages of endocytosis in entamoeba histolytica. | we have identified a 667 base pair rab7-like cdna (ehrab7) from entamoeba histolytica. the ehrab7 cdna predicts a polypeptide of at least 206 amino acids with a molecular mass of at least 24.5 kda. alignment of ehrab7 with other rab proteins demonstrated that ehrab7 shared significant homology at the amino acid level with rab7-like proteins from a number of other eukaryotes, suggesting that ehrab7 is a rab7 homolog for e. histolytica. using immunofluorescence microscopy, ehrab7 was demonstrated ... | 2002 | 12034459 |
| entamoeba histolytica lectins contain unique 6-cys or 8-cys chitin-binding domains. | the jacob lectin, the most abundant glycoprotein in the cyst wall of entamoeba invadens, contains five unique 6-cys chitin-binding domains (cbds). we identified entamoeba histolytica and entamoeba dispar genes encoding jacob homologues, each of which contains two predicted 6-cys cbds. a unique 8-cys cbd was found at the n termini of the e. histolytica chitinase and three other predicted lectins, called jessie 1 to jessie 3. the cbds of four e. histolytica lectins (jacob, chitinase, and jessies 2 ... | 2002 | 12011021 |
| fate of entamoeba histolytica during establishment of amoebic liver abscess analyzed by quantitative radioimaging and histology. | the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of amoebiasis, a human disease characterized by dysentery and liver abscess. the physiopathology of hepatic lesions can be satisfactorily reproduced in the hamster animal model by the administration of trophozoites through the portal vein route. hamsters were infected with radioactively labeled amoebas for analysis of liver abscess establishment and progression. the radioimaging of material from parasite origin and quantificatio ... | 2002 | 12011016 |
| differential gene expression in entamoeba histolytica isolated from amoebic liver abscess. | the majority of human infections with the intestinal protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica remain asymptomatic. in a small proportion of infections, however, e. histolytica trophozoites penetrate the intestinal mucosa and disseminate to other organs, most commonly to the liver, where they induce abscess formation. it is believed that the ability of e. histolytica trophozoites to destroy host tissues and to survive within the liver is accomplished by a strong adaptive response, which requires ... | 2002 | 12010498 |
| the membrane-peripheral subunits of transhydrogenase from entamoeba histolytica are functional only when dimerized. | unlike their bacterial and mammalian counterparts, the nadp(h)- and nad(h)-binding components of proton-translocating transhydrogenase from the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica (denoted ehdiii and ehdi, respectively) are tethered by a polypeptide linker. the recombinant tethered fragment, ehdiii-ehdi, was prepared without its membrane-spanning dii component. dimers of ehdiii-ehdi catalyzed transhydrogenation, but monomers were inactive. the addition of ehdiii to ehdiii-ehdi monomers did ... | 2002 | 12004068 |
| the entamoeba histolytica ehpgp5 (mdr-like) protein induces swelling of the trophozoites and alters chloride-dependent currents in xenopus laevis oocytes. | entamoeba histolytica, the protozoan responsible for human amoebiasis, presents the multidrug resistant phenotype due to the expression of the e. histolytica p-glycoproteins ehpgpl and ehpgp5. here, we studied the protein ehpgp5 encoded by the ehpgp5 gene in emetine-sensitive trophozoites transfected with the pehneopgp5 plasmid carrying the ehpgp5 gene. the transfected trophozoites increased their drug resistance slightly, but became bigger and globular. to investigate other ehpgp5 functions fur ... | 2002 | 12002645 |
| entamoeba histolytica genome project: an update. | 2002 | 11998693 | |
| a case of amebic liver abscess complicated by hemobilia due to rupture of hepatic artery aneurysm. | we report the case of a 51-year-old man with hepatic amebic abscess complicated by hepatic artery aneurysm. the patient first presented with peritonitis caused by perforating appendicitis. surgical treatment resolved peritonitis but entamoeba histolytica was detected in the colonic mucosa. subsequently, liver abscess developed and the size of the abscess increased gradually after surgery in spite of continued treatment with metronidazole. brown pus was drained from the abscess but 13 days after ... | 2002 | 11995454 |
| examining entamoeba. | a conference on amebiasis and the biology of entamoeba histolytica was held in agra, india, from 11 to14 february 2002. | 2002 | 11983591 |
| development of a diagnostic test for entamoeba histolytica using idiotype expression in human. | the protozoan parasite entamoeba histolytica is the etiological agent of human amebiasis. the pathology of the disease starts with the cytolysis of the host target cells by amoebae. it is initiated by the adhesion of trophozoites to the host cells, through surface lectin via specific receptors. these adherence lectins have been demonstrated to be highly conserved, and can be recognised by serum antibodies from patients with invasive amebiasis. some of these molecules have been used as antigens i ... | 2002 | 11983217 |
| salpingitis due to entamoeba histolytica. | we describe the pathology of a unique case of fallopian tube amebiasis, associated with hydrosalpinx, in a 21-year-old woman. she complained of lower abdominal pain, had a foul-smelling green vaginal discharge and fever during one week. there was a discrete increase in body temperature and a painful abdominal palpation at the lower right side, with signs of local peritoneal irritation. pathological examination showed a marked dilatation of the fallopian tube and hydrosalpinx. microscopic examina ... | 2003 | 11980611 |