Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| spontaneous obesity-linked type 2 diabetes in the absence of islet amyloid in a cynomolgus monkey infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy. | a 9-year-old cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis) infected orally with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) was presented for necropsy following euthanasia 4 years post infection (p.i.). this macaque r984 was exposed to a bse dose that causes a simian form of variant creutzfeldt-jakob disease (vcjd) within 5 years p.i. in other macaques. all orally bse-infected macaques developed a significant weight gain within the first 2 years p.i. compared with non-bse-infected age- and sex-matched cont ... | 2013 | 23381923 |
| a naturally occurring single amino acid substitution in human trim5α linker region affects its anti-hiv type 1 activity and susceptibility to hiv type 1 infection. | trim5α is a factor contributing to intracellular defense mechanisms against retrovirus infection. rhesus and cynomolgus monkey trim5αs potently restrict hiv-1, whereas human trim5α shows weak effects against hiv-1. we investigated the association between a single nucleotide polymorphism in the trim5α linker 2 region (rs11038628), which substituted aspartic acid (d) for glycine (g) at position 249, with susceptibility to hiv-1 infection in japanese and indian subjects. rs11038628 is rare in europ ... | 2013 | 23379364 |
| mapping of fgf1 in the medulla oblongata of macaca fascicularis. | fgf1 is highly expressed in neurons and it has been proposed to play a role in the neuroprotection and in regeneration. low fgf1 expression in neurons has been linked to increased vulnerability in cholinergic neurons. previous reports have shown that the expression of fgf1 in rat brain is localized to the cholinergic nuclei of the medulla oblongata, with low ratio of neurons positive for fgf1 in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (dmnv). the role of fgf1 in the primate brain has yet to be cla ... | 2012 | 23378676 |
| absorption, elimination, and metabolism of cs-1036, a novel α-amylase inhibitor in rats and monkeys, and the relationship between gastrointestinal distribution and suppression of glucose absorption. | the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of (2r,3r,4r)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl 4-o-(6-deoxy-β-d-glucopyranosyl)-α-d-glucopyranoside (cs-1036), a novel and potent pancreatic and salivary α-amylase inhibitor, were evaluated in f344/ducrlcrlj rats and cynomolgus monkeys. the total body clearance and volume of distribution of cs-1036 were low (2.67-3.44 ml/min/kg and 0.218-0.237 l/kg for rats and 2.25-2.84 ml/min/kg and 0.217-0.271 l/kg for monkeys). after intravenous administrat ... | 2013 | 23378626 |
| antibody responses of macaca fascicularis against a new inactivated polio vaccine derived from sabin strains (sipv) in dtap-sipv vaccine. | antibody responses of macaca fascicularis against a new tetravalent vaccine composed of diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, acellular pertussis antigens, and inactivated poliovirus derived from sabin strains (sipv) was investigated to predict an optimal dose of sipv in a new tetravalent vaccine (dtap-sipv) prior to conducting a dose-defined clinical study. monkeys were inoculated with dtap-sipvs containing three different antigen units of sipvs: vaccine a (types 1:2:3 = 3:100:100 du), vaccine b ( ... | 2013 | 23375165 |
| preclinical evaluation of a two-dose vaccination schedule of recombinant hansenula polymorpha hepatitis b vaccine in animals. | the current 3-dose regimen of hepatitis b vaccination for infants requiring over 6 mo period may pose the poor rate of compliance and later protection from hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. this preclinical study is to investigate the feasibility of reducing the number of doses of hepatitis b (hb) vaccine. | 2013 | 23370192 |
| comprehensive in vitro analysis of simian retrovirus type 4 susceptibility to antiretroviral agents. | simian retrovirus type 4 (srv-4), a simian type d retrovirus, naturally infects cynomolgus monkeys, usually without apparent symptoms. however, some infected monkeys presented with an immunosuppressive syndrome resembling that induced by simian immunodeficiency virus infection. antiretrovirals with inhibitory activity against srv-4 are considered to be promising agents to combat srv-4 infection. however, although some antiretrovirals have been reported to have inhibitory activity against srv-1 a ... | 2013 | 23365453 |
| human contact influences the foraging behaviour and parasite community in long-tailed macaques. | human–wildlife interactions have reached unprecedented levels, and humans are influencing the earth’s ecosystems more rapidly and extensively than ever before. this situation is cause for serious concern, especially since disease interactions between wildlife and humans have been recognized as major conservation threats. in this study, long-tailed macaques, macaca fascicularis, from 2 forest parks located in north-eastern thailand were investigated to determine the influence of habitat modificat ... | 2013 | 23363557 |
| effect of postoperative radiation therapy on mandibular reconstruction using a modular endoprosthesis - a pilot study. | the endoprosthetic system has been shown to be a potential option for mandibular reconstruction. the objective of this pilot in vivo animal study was to determine the effects of postoperative radiation using brachytherapy on bone and soft tissue healing in mandibles reconstructed with the endoprosthesis. six adult macaca fascicularis mandibles were reconstructed with a cemented endoprosthesis after segmental body resection. the animals were divided into two groups. the test group was subjected t ... | 2013 | 23360799 |
| the effect of short-term stress on serotonin gene expression in high and low resilient macaques. | female cynomolgus monkeys exhibit different degrees of reproductive dysfunction with moderate metabolic and psychosocial stress. when stressed with a paradigm of relocation and diet for 60 days, or 2 menstrual cycles, highly stress resilient monkeys continue to ovulate during both stress cycles (hsr); medium stress resilient monkeys ovulate once (msr) and stress sensitive monkeys do not ovulate for the entire 60 days (ss). this study examines serotonin-related gene expression in monkeys with dif ... | 2013 | 23357537 |
| effects of minodronic acid and alendronate on bone remodeling, microdamage accumulation, degree of mineralization and bone mechanical properties in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys. | suppression of bone remodeling by bisphosphonates leads to accumulation of microdamage in bone. if this microdamage develops due to suppressed repair of remodeling only, more potent bisphosphonates should cause more damage. in this study, we evaluated the effects of reduced bone turnover produced by a potent bisphosphonate, minodronic acid, on microdamage accumulation, the degree of mineralization and mechanical properties of bone in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys, and compared these effects ... | 2013 | 23356990 |
| in vitro induction of protein complexes between bevacizumab, vegf-a¹⁶⁵ and heparin: explanation for deposits observed on endothelial veins in monkey eyes. | by investigating the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab on retinal vessels of monkeys, we found that bevacizumab accumulated locally at high concentration within individual blood vessels. it formed electron-dense fibrous deposits between endothelial cells and erythrocytes or granulocytes inducing retinal vein thrombosis. to better characterise the observed deposits, we investigated in vitro whether these deposits result from a complex between bevacizumab, vascular endothelial growth factor (veg ... | 2013 | 23355530 |
| prevalence and genetic diversity of entamoeba species infecting macaques in southwest china. | many colonies of macaques (macaca fascicularis and macaca mulatta) are maintained in china, especially in guangxi and guizhou. a total of 803 fresh stool samples infected with entamoeba were obtained from three big colonies of macaques located in southwest china. the samples were examined for the presence of five entamoeba species using pcr. entamoeba nuttalli, entamoeba dispar, entamoeba coli, and entamoeba chattoni infections were detected, but entamoeba histolytica infection was not. this stu ... | 2013 | 23354942 |
| radiolabeling of the cannabinoid receptor agonist azd1940 with carbon-11 and pet microdosing in non-human primate. | n-(2-tert-butyl-1-((4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)methyl)-1h-benzo[d]imidazol-5-yl)ethanesulfonamide (azd1940) is a candidate drug for treatment of neuropathic pain. as part of the preclinical evaluation of azd1940, a microdosing study with positron emission tomography (pet) was conducted to assess brain exposure. | 2013 | 23352602 |
| effect of a single dose of escitalopram on serotonin concentration in the non-human and human primate brain. | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (ssris) are widely prescribed for treatment of psychiatric disorders. the exact mechanism underlying the clinical effects of ssris remains unclear, although increased synaptic serotonin concentrations have been hypothesized to be an initial step. [¹¹c]az10419369 is a novel 5-ht(1b) receptor selective radioligand, which is sensitive to changes in endogenous serotonin concentrations. to assess whether a single dose of the ssri escitalopram affects endogenous ... | 2013 | 23351590 |
| the effects of the anti-hepcidin spiegelmer nox-h94 on inflammation-induced anemia in cynomolgus monkeys. | anemia of chronic inflammation is the most prevalent form of anemia in hospitalized patients. a hallmark of this disease is the intracellular sequestration of iron. this is a consequence of hepcidin-induced internalization and subsequent degradation of ferroportin, the hepcidin receptor and only known iron-export protein. this study describes the characterization of novel anti-hepcidin compound nox-h94, a structured l-oligoribonucleotide that binds human hepcidin with high affinity (kd = 0.65 ± ... | 2013 | 23349391 |
| the incidence of lymphoplasmacytic gastritis in the fundus and antrum of cynomolgus monkey ( macaca fascicularis ) stomachs. | lymphoplasmacytic gastritis is a concern for toxicological pathologists reading preclinical, non-human primate toxicity studies because subtle gastric changes which could be treatment-related may be masked and gastritis lesions may be confused with treatment-related effects and thus a gastric finding may be incorrectly assigned as a treatment-related lesion. this paper discusses the incidence of lymphoplasmacytic gastritis in cynomolgus monkeys at a contract research organization. the incidence ... | 2012 | 23345927 |
| population and landscape genetics of an introduced species (m. fascicularis) on the island of mauritius. | the cynomolgus macaque, macaca fascicularis, was introduced onto the island of mauritius in the early 17(th) century. the species experienced explosive population growth, and currently exists at high population densities. anecdotes collected from nonhuman primate trappers on the island of mauritius allege that animals from the northern portion of the island are larger in body size than and superior in condition to their conspecifics in the south. although previous genetic studies have reported m ... | 2013 | 23341917 |
| cartilage regeneration by selected chondrogenic clonal mesenchymal stem cells in the collagenase-induced monkey osteoarthritis model. | osteoarthritis (oa) is the most common form of arthritis, in which cartilage is irreversibly degraded, causing severe pain and disability. current therapeutic strategies cannot repair damaged cartilage. we evaluated the repair potential of selected chondrogenic clonal mscs (sc-mscs) by delivering them into the injured cartilage site in a collagenase-induced oa model in cynomolgus monkeys. in vitro characterization showed that the isolated monkey sc-mscs and polyclonal mscs (p-mscs) expressed mes ... | 2014 | 23335439 |
| a novel b-domain o-glycopegylated fviii (n8-gp) demonstrates full efficacy and prolonged effect in hemophilic mice models. | frequent infusions of intravenous factor viii (fviii) are required to prevent bleeding associated with hemophilia a. to reduce the treatment burden, recombinant fviii with a longer half-life was developed without changing the protein structure. fviii-polyethylene glycol (peg) conjugates were prepared using an enzymatic process coupling peg (ranging from 10 to 80 kda) selectively to a unique o-linked glycan in the fviii b-domain. binding to von willebrand factor (vwf) was maintained for all conju ... | 2013 | 23335368 |
| a chimeric sindbis-based vaccine protects cynomolgus macaques against a lethal aerosol challenge of eastern equine encephalitis virus. | eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes sporadic, often fatal disease outbreaks in humans and equids, and is also a biological threat agent. two chimeric vaccine candidates were constructed using a cdna clone with a sindbis virus (sinv) backbone and structural protein genes from either a north (sin/naeeev) or south american (sin/saeeev) strain of eeev. the vaccine candidates were tested in a nonhuman primate (nhp) model of eastern equine encephalitis ( ... | 2013 | 23333212 |
| in vivo evaluation of [(123)i]mni-420: a novel single photon emission computed tomography radiotracer for imaging of adenosine 2a receptors in brain. | dysregulation of adenosine 2a (a2a) receptor function in brain has been implicated in multiple psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including schizophrenia and parkinson's disease, making the development of an imaging agent to study a2a receptors in both healthy brain and disease states desirable. in this study, [(123)i]mni-420 was evaluated as a potential single photon emission computed tomography (spect) radiotracer for imaging a2a receptors in brain. | 2013 | 23332393 |
| possible aspects of using cultured stem cell of laboratory primates in experimental medicine. | we describe the methods of isolation and culturing of mesenchymal stem cells from 3 monkey species macaca mulatta, papio hamadryas, and macaca fascicularis. flow cytofluorometry showed that the cells do not express cd34, cd45, and hla-dr, but most of them (78-98%) express cd90 marker. the cardioprotective effects of cultured mesenchymal stem cells in cardiomyopathy induced by administration of antitumor anthracycline drugs (doxorubicin). | 2012 | 23330109 |
| formaldehyde and epigenetic alterations: microrna changes in the nasal epithelium of nonhuman primates. | formaldehyde is an air pollutant present in both indoor and outdoor atmospheres. because of its ubiquitous nature, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms underlying formaldehyde-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity. micrornas (mirnas) can influence disease caused by environmental exposures, yet mirnas are understudied in relation to formaldehyde. our previous investigation demonstrated that formaldehyde exposure in human lung cells caused disruptions in mirna expression profiles in vitro. | 2013 | 23322811 |
| antibodies are necessary for rvsv/zebov-gp-mediated protection against lethal ebola virus challenge in nonhuman primates. | ebola viruses cause hemorrhagic disease in humans and nonhuman primates with high fatality rates. these viruses pose a significant health concern worldwide due to the lack of approved therapeutics and vaccines as well as their potential misuse as bioterrorism agents. although not licensed for human use, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rvsv) expressing the filovirus glycoprotein (gp) has been shown to protect macaques from ebola virus and marburg virus infections, both prophylactically an ... | 2013 | 23319647 |
| identification of n-acyl 4-(3-pyridonyl)phenylalanine derivatives and their orally active prodrug esters as dual acting α4β1 and α4β7 receptor antagonists. | from a series of n-acyl 4-(3-pyridonyl)phenylalanine derivatives of 4, the trifluoromethyl derivative 28 was identified as a potent, dual acting alpha4 integrin antagonist with activity in primate models of allergic asthma. investigation of a series of prodrug esters led to the discovery of the morpholinopropyl derivative 48 that demonstrated good intestinal fluid stability, solubility and permeability. compound 48 gave high blood levels of 28 when dosed orally in cynomolgus monkeys. surprisingl ... | 2012 | 23312471 |
| organisation of koniocellular-projecting ganglion cells and diffuse bipolar cells in the primate fovea. | the roles of the midget and parasol pathways as the anatomical foundation for high-acuity vision at the fovea are well established. there is also evidence for the presence of other (non-midget, non-parasol) ganglion cell types in the foveal retina, but it is not established whether these cells receive input from cone photoreceptors in the central few degrees of the visual field, i.e. the region most important for conscious visual perception. to address this question, we targeted injections of re ... | 2013 | 23311464 |
| the effects of fast-off-d2 receptor antagonism on l-dopa-induced dyskinesia and psychosis in parkinsonian macaques. | 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) treatment of parkinson's disease (pd) is compromised by motor side effects, such as dyskinesia and non-motor problems, including psychosis. because of the marked reduction in brain dopamine in pd and the resultant dopamine d2 receptor supersensitivity, it is impossible to use standard potent dopamine d2 receptor antagonists such as haloperidol to alleviate side effects without compromising the anti-parkinsonian benefits of l-dopa. haloperidol antagonizes d2 re ... | 2013 | 23306217 |
| genetic modification of primate amniotic fluid-derived stem cells produces pancreatic progenitor cells in vitro. | insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes does not prevent serious long-term complications including vascular disease, neuropathy, retinopathy and renal failure. stem cells, including amniotic fluid-derived stem (afs) cells - highly expansive, multipotent and nontumorigenic cells - could serve as an appropriate stem cell source for β-cell differentiation. in the current study we tested whether nonhuman primate (nhp)afs cells ectopically expressing key pancreatic transcription factors were capable of d ... | 2013 | 23306211 |
| a recently isolated lassa virus from mali demonstrates atypical clinical disease manifestations and decreased virulence in cynomolgus macaques. | the virulence of soromba-r, a lassa virus strain recently isolated from southern mali, was assessed in 2 animal models of lassa fever: inbred strain 13 guinea pigs and cynomolgus macaques. in both models, the malian isolate demonstrated tissue tropism and viral titers similar to those of historical lassa virus isolates from sierra leone (josiah) and liberia (z-132); however, the soromba-r isolate was found to be less pathogenic, as determined by decreased mortality and prolonged time to euthanas ... | 2013 | 23303805 |
| heart structure-specific transcriptomic atlas reveals conserved microrna-mrna interactions. | micrornas are short non-coding rnas that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and play key roles in heart development and cardiovascular diseases. here, we have characterized the expression and distribution of micrornas across eight cardiac structures (left and right ventricles, apex, papillary muscle, septum, left and right atrium and valves) in rat, beagle dog and cynomolgus monkey using microrna sequencing. conserved microrna signatures enriched in specific heart structu ... | 2013 | 23300973 |
| cynomolgus monkey as a potential model to assess drug interactions involving hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptides: in vitro, in vivo, and in vitro-to-in vivo extrapolation. | organic anion-transporting polypeptides (oatp) 1b1, 1b3, and 2b1 can serve as the loci of drug-drug interactions (ddis). in the present work, the cynomolgus monkey was evaluated as a potential model for studying oatp-mediated ddis. three cynomolgus monkey oatps (coatps), with a high degree of amino acid sequence identity (91.9, 93.5, and 96.6% for oatp1b1, 1b3, and 2b1, respectively) to their human counterparts, were cloned, expressed, and characterized. the coatps were stably transfected in hum ... | 2013 | 23297161 |
| hepatitis b virus hepatotropism is mediated by specific receptor recognition in the liver and not restricted to susceptible hosts. | the human hepatitis b virus (hbv) causes acute and chronic infections in humans and chimpanzees. hbv infects its hosts at minimal inoculation doses and replicates exclusively in hepatocytes. the viral determinants for the pronounced species specificity and the high efficacy to address hepatocytes in vivo are unknown. previous findings showed that n-terminally myristoylated peptides constituting a receptor binding domain of the hbv large envelope (l)-protein block hbv entry in vitro and in vivo. ... | 2013 | 23292963 |
| tlr9 adjuvants enhance immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the se36/ahg malaria vaccine in nonhuman primate models. | the se36 antigen, derived from serine repeat antigen 5 (sera5) of plasmodium falciparum, is a promising blood stage malaria vaccine candidate. ongoing clinical trials suggest the efficacy of the se36 vaccine could be increased by the incorporation of more effective adjuvants into the vaccine formulation. in this study, we assessed the safety, immunogenicity and protective efficacy of se36/ahg formulated with tlr9 ligand adjuvants k3 cpg oligodeoxyribonucleotides (cpg odns) (k3 odn), d3 odn or sy ... | 2013 | 23291928 |
| a modular mind? a test using individual data from seven primate species. | it has long been debated whether the mind consists of specialized and independently evolving modules, or whether and to what extent a general factor accounts for the variance in performance across different cognitive domains. in this study, we used a hierarchical bayesian model to re-analyse individual level data collected on seven primate species (chimpanzees, bonobos, orangutans, gorillas, spider monkeys, brown capuchin monkeys and long-tailed macaques) across 17 tasks within four domains (inh ... | 2012 | 23284816 |
| intraosseous injection of rhbmp-2/calcium phosphate matrix improves bone structure and strength in the proximal aspect of the femur in chronic ovariectomized nonhuman primates. | osteoporosis results in a decrease in bone density, bone quality, and strength throughout the skeleton. despite systemic therapies, the morbidity and mortality that are associated with hip fractures remain a major consequence of osteoporosis. | 2013 | 23283371 |
| use of catechol-o-methyltransferase inhibition to minimize l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned macaque. | l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa)-induced dyskinesia is a complication of dopaminergic treatment in parkinson's disease. lowering the l-dopa dose reduces dyskinesia but also reduces the antiparkinsonian benefit. a therapy that could enhance the antiparkinsonian action of low-dose l-dopa (ldl) without exacerbating dyskinesia would thus be of considerable therapeutic benefit. this study assessed whether catechol-o-methyltransferase (comt) inhibition, as an add-on to ldl, might be a means to ac ... | 2013 | 23281915 |
| improved ruggedness of an ion-pairing liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry assay for the quantitative analysis of the triphosphate metabolite of a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | nucleotide analogs are highly polar and ionic, which impose great challenges on bioanalysis. ion-pairing liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (lc/ms/ms) is the predominant reported approach for such compounds. assay ruggedness of ion-pairing lc/ms/ms methods was often a challenge due to the potential contamination of the ion source of the mass spectrometer and lc column performance deterioration caused by ion-pairing reagents. | 2013 | 23280981 |
| differential release of β-nad(+) and atp upon activation of enteric motor neurons in primate and murine colons. | the purinergic component of enteric inhibitory neurotransmission is important for normal motility in the gastrointestinal (gi) tract. controversies exist about the purine(s) responsible for inhibitory responses in gi muscles: atp has been assumed to be the purinergic neurotransmitter released from enteric inhibitory motor neurons; however, recent studies demonstrate that β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (β-nad(+)) and adp-ribose mimic the inhibitory neurotransmitter better than atp in primate ... | 2013 | 23279315 |
| carbon-11 n-methyl alkylation of l-368,899 and in vivo pet imaging investigations for neural oxytocin receptors. | compound l-368,899 was successfully alkylated with [(11)c]iodomethane to generate the oxytocin receptor selective (2r)-2-amino-n-((2s)-7,7-dimethyl-1-(((4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl)methyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl)-n-[(11)c]methyl-3-(methylsulfonyl)propanamide ([(11)c]1) with very high radiochemical purity and high specific activity. pet imaging studies were performed with [(11)c]1 to investigate brain penetration and oxytocin receptor uptake using rat and cynomolgus monkey models. for ra ... | 2012 | 23270988 |
| t-cell infiltration correlates with cxcl10 expression in ganglia of cynomolgus macaques with reactivated simian varicella virus. | ganglia of monkeys with reactivated simian varicella virus (svv) contained more cd8 than cd4 t cells around neurons. the abundance of cd8 t cells was greater less than 2 months after reactivation than that at later times and correlated with that of cxcl10 rna but not with those of svv protein or open reading frame 61 (orf61) antisense rna. cxcl10 rna colocalized with t-cell clusters. after svv reactivation, transient t-cell infiltration, possibly mediated by cxcl10, parallels varicella zoster vi ... | 2012 | 23269790 |
| structure and evolution of vertebrate aldehyde oxidases: from gene duplication to gene suppression. | aldehyde oxidases (aoxs) and xanthine dehydrogenases (xdhs) belong to the family of molybdo-flavoenzymes. although aoxs are not identifiable in fungi, these enzymes are represented in certain protists and the majority of plants and vertebrates. the physiological functions and substrates of aoxs are unknown. nevertheless, aoxs are major drug metabolizing enzymes, oxidizing a wide range of aromatic aldehydes and heterocyclic compounds of medical/toxicological importance. using genome sequencing da ... | 2012 | 23263164 |
| condylomatous genital lesions in cynomolgus macaques from mauritius. | genital condyloma-like lesions were observed on male and female cynomolgus macaque monkeys (macaca fascicularis) originating from the island of mauritius. cytobrush and/or biopsy samples were obtained from lesions of 57 affected macaques. primary histologic features included eosinophilic, neutrophilic, and lymphoplasmacytic penile and vulvar inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia with acanthosis, and increased collagenous stroma. polymerase chain reaction-based assays to amplify viral dna revealed ... | 2012 | 23262641 |
| manganese exposure induces α-synuclein aggregation in the frontal cortex of non-human primates. | aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain is a defining pathological feature of neurodegenerative disorders classified as synucleinopathies. they include parkinson's disease (pd), dementia with lewy bodies (dlb), and multiple system atrophy (msa). occupational and environmental exposure to manganese (mn) is associated with a neurological syndrome consisting of psychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment and parkinsonism. in this study, we examined α-syn immunoreactivity in the frontal corte ... | 2013 | 23262390 |
| nectin-4-dependent measles virus spread to the cynomolgus monkey tracheal epithelium: role of infected immune cells infiltrating the lamina propria. | after the contagion measles virus (mv) crosses the respiratory epithelium within myeloid cells that express the primary receptor signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (slam), it replicates briskly in slam-expressing cells in lymphatic organs. later, the infection spreads to epithelia expressing nectin-4, an adherens junction protein expressed preferentially in the trachea, but how it gets there is not understood. to characterize the mechanisms of spread, we infected groups of 5 or 6 cynomolg ... | 2013 | 23255790 |
| pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling of romiplostim in animals. | romiplostim is a novel thrombopoiesis-stimulating peptibody that targets the thrombopoietin c-mpl receptor, resulting in increased platelet production. the pharmacodynamic-mediated disposition (pdmdd) and its stimulatory effect on platelet production in sprague-dawley rats, rhesus monkeys, and cynomolgus monkeys following iv bolus and sc administration at various dose levels were determined. | 2013 | 23250851 |
| levodopa improves motor deficits but can further disrupt cognition in a macaque parkinson model. | levodopa effectively relieves motor symptoms in parkinson's disease (pd), but has had inconsistent effects on cognition, even worsening some aspects of cognitive functioning. therefore, remediation of pd cognitive deficits is a major unmet need. however, drug development efforts have been hampered by lack of an animal model in which motor and cognitive deficits can be examined simultaneously. | 2013 | 23238827 |
| brain uptake and distribution of the dopamine d3 /d2 receptor partial agonist [11 c]cariprazine: an in vivo positron emission tomography study in nonhuman primates. | cariprazine is a dopamine d(3)/d(2) receptor partial agonist antipsychotic candidate, which binds with high affinity to dopamine d(3) and d(2) receptors (with ∼10-fold higher in vitro affinity to d(3) vs. d(2) receptors) and with moderate affinity to 5-ht(1a) receptors. the main objective of the present molecular imaging investigation was to evaluate the uptake and reversible binding of 11-c labeled cariprazine in the nonhuman primate brain, in relation to the known distributions of dopamine d(2 ... | 2013 | 23238770 |
| minicd4 microbicide prevents hiv infection of human mucosal explants and vaginal transmission of shiv(162p3) in cynomolgus macaques. | in complement to an effective vaccine, development of potent anti-hiv microbicides remains an important priority. we have previously shown that the minicd4 m48u1, a functional mimetic of scd4 presented on a 27 amino-acid stable scaffold, inhibits a broad range of hiv-1 isolates at sub-nanomolar concentrations in cellular models. here, we report that m48u1 inhibits efficiently hiv-1(ba-l) in human mucosal explants of cervical and colorectal tissues. in vivo efficacy of m48u1 was evaluated in nonh ... | 2012 | 23236282 |
| maxillary nerve compression in cynomolgus monkey macaca fascicularis: altered somatic sensation and peripheral nerve firing. | trigeminal nerve is a major source of the sensory input of the face, and trigeminal neuropathology models have been reported in rodents with injury to branches of the maxillary or mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. non-human primates are neuroanatomically more closely related to human than rodents; however, nerve injury studies in non-human primates are limited. | 2012 | 23234480 |
| the trimcyp genotype in four species of macaques in china. | the tripartite motif protein (trim)5α/cypa fusion protein trimcyp in old world monkeys is generally considered unable to restrict hiv-1 replication. monkeys with trimcyp can serve as a unique animal model for studies of hiv-1 infection. the present study investigated the distribution and expression status of trimcyp in four species of macaques originating from china and its borderlands: pigtail macaques (macaca nemestrina), rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta), long-tailed macaques (macaca fascicula ... | 2013 | 23233150 |
| ultra-high field mri for primate imaging using the travelling-wave concept. | ultra-high field (uhf) neuroimaging is usually conducted with volume transmit (tx) and phased array receive (rx) coils, both tightly enclosing the object. the travelling-wave (tw) concept allows a remote excitation offering more flexible experimental setups. to investigate the feasibility of primate mri in horizontal uhf mri, we first compared the distribution of the electromagnetic fields in an oil phantom and then verified the concept with an in vivo experiment. | 2013 | 23233135 |
| establishment of an immortal cynomolgus macaque fibroblast cell line for propagation of cynomolgus macaque cytomegalovirus (cycmv). | cynomolgus macaques are widely used as an animal model in biomedical research. we have established an immortalized cynomolgus macaque fibroblast cell line (msf-t) by transducing primary dermal fibroblasts isolated from a 13-year-old male cynomolgus macaque with a retrovirus vector expressing human telomerase reverse transcriptase (htert). the msf-t cells showed increased telomerase enzyme activity and reached over 200 in vitro passages compared to the non-transduced dermal fibroblasts, which rea ... | 2013 | 23232747 |
| proteomic identification of differentially expressed genes during differentiation of cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis) embryonic stem cells to astrocyte progenitor cells in vitro. | understanding astrocytogenesis is valuable for the treatment of nervous system disorders, as astrocytes provide structural, metabolic and defense support to neurons, and regulate neurons actively. however, there is limited information about the molecular events associated with the differentiation from primate es cells to astrocytes. we therefore investigated the differentially expressed proteins in early astrocytogenesis, from cynomolgus monkey es cells (cmk6 cell line) into astrocyte progenitor ... | 2013 | 23232153 |
| differentiation of monkey embryonic stem cells to hepatocytes by feeder-free dispersion culture and expression analyses of cytochrome p450 enzymes responsible for drug metabolism. | we reported previously that monkey embryonic stem cells (escs) were differentiated into hepatocytes by formation of embryoid bodies (ebs). however, this eb formation method is not always efficient for assays using a large number of samples simultaneously. a dispersion culture system, one of the differentiation methods without eb formation, is able to more efficiently provide a large number of feeder-free undifferentiated cells. a previous study demonstrated the effectiveness of the rho-associate ... | 2013 | 23229390 |
| chronic levodopa administration followed by a washout period increased number and induced phenotypic changes in striatal dopaminergic cells in mptp-monkeys. | in addition to the medium spiny neurons the mammalian striatum contains a small population of gabaergic interneurons that are immunoreactive for tyrosine hydroxylase (th), which dramatically increases after lesions to the nigrostriatal pathway and striatal delivery of neurotrophic factors. the regulatory effect of levodopa (l-dopa) on the number and phenotype of these cells is less well understood. eleven macaques (macaca fascicularis) were included. group i (n = 4) received 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, ... | 2012 | 23226401 |
| immunogenicity of a recombinant measles-hiv-1 clade b candidate vaccine. | live attenuated measles virus is one of the most efficient and safest vaccines available, making it an attractive candidate vector for a hiv/aids vaccine aimed at eliciting cell-mediated immune responses (cmi). here we have characterized the potency of cmi responses generated in mice and non-human primates after intramuscular immunisation with a candidate recombinant measles vaccine carrying an hiv-1 insert encoding clade b gag, rt and nef (mv1-f4). eight mauritian derived, mhc-typed cynomolgus ... | 2012 | 23226275 |
| temperament in rhesus, long-tailed, and pigtailed macaques varies by species and sex. | temperament differs among individuals both within and between species. evidence suggests that differences in temperament of group members may parallel differences in social behavior among groups or between species. here, we compared temperament between three closely related species of monkey-rhesus (macaca mulatta), long-tailed (m. fascicularis), and pigtailed (m. nemestrina) macaques-using cage-front behavioral observations of individually housed monkeys at a national primate research center. f ... | 2013 | 23225368 |
| long-term tumor regression induced by an antibody-drug conjugate that targets 5t4, an oncofetal antigen expressed on tumor-initiating cells. | antibody-drug conjugates (adc) represent a promising therapeutic modality for the clinical management of cancer. we sought to develop a novel adc that targets 5t4, an oncofetal antigen expressed on tumor-initiating cells (tic), which comprise the most aggressive cell population in the tumor. we optimized an anti-5t4 adc (a1mcmmaf) by sulfydryl-based conjugation of the humanized a1 antibody to the tubulin inhibitor monomethylauristatin f (mmaf) via a maleimidocaproyl linker. a1mcmmaf exhibited po ... | 2013 | 23223830 |
| comparative analysis in cynomolgus macaque identifies a novel human mhc locus controlling platelet blood counts independently of bak1. | 2013 | 23217248 | |
| male and female fertility assessment in the cynomolgus monkey following administration of abt-874, a human anti-il-12/23p40 monoclonal antibody. | abt-874 is an anti-il-12/23 monoclonal antibody that binds to the p40 subunit of human il-12 and il-23. as part of its preclinical safety assessment, studies were conducted to asses its potential effects on the reproductive system in male and female cynomolgus monkeys. | 2012 | 23213064 |
| pre- and postnatal development in the cynomolgus monkey following administration of abt-874, a human anti-il-12/23p40 monoclonal antibody. | abt-874 is an anti-il-12/23 monoclonal antibody that binds to the p40 subunit of human il-12 and il-23. as part of its preclinical safety assessment, studies were conducted to assess its potential effects on pre- and postnatal development in cynomolgus monkeys. | 2012 | 23212752 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of novel propargyl amines as potential fluorine-18 labeled radioligands for detection of mao-b activity. | the aim of this project was to synthesize and evaluate three novel fluorine-18 labeled derivatives of propargyl amine as potential pet radioligands to visualize monoamine oxidase b (mao-b) activity. the three fluorinated derivatives of propargyl amine ((s)-1-fluoro-n,4-dimethyl-n-(prop-2-ynyl)-pent-4-en-2-amine (5), (s)-n-(1-fluoro-3-(furan-2-yl)propan-2-yl)-n-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine (10) and (s)-1-fluoro-n,4-dimethyl-n-(prop-2-ynyl)pentan-2-amine (15)) were synthesized in multi-step organic syn ... | 2013 | 23211968 |
| effects of dopamine d2/d3 receptor ligands on food-cocaine choice in socially housed male cynomolgus monkeys. | dopamine d2/d3 receptor partial agonists have been suggested as medications for cocaine dependence. the present experiments examined the effect of acute and repeated administration of drugs with varying intrinsic efficacy at d2/d3 receptors on the relative reinforcing strength of cocaine. use of socially housed cynomolgus monkeys permitted the assessment of whether social status, known to alter d2/d3 receptor availability, influenced the behavioral effects of d2/d3 receptor compounds. the high-e ... | 2013 | 23211363 |
| rationale-based engineering of a potent long-acting fgf21 analog for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. | fibroblast growth factor 21 (fgf21) is a promising drug candidate for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. however, the use of wild type native fgf21 is challenging due to several limitations. among these are its short half-life, its susceptibility to in vivo proteolytic degradation and its propensity to in vitro aggregation. we here describe a rationale-based protein engineering approach to generate a potent long-acting fgf21 analog with improved resistance to proteolysis and aggregation. a recomb ... | 2012 | 23209571 |
| the colonization of carrion by soldier fly, ptecticus melanurus (walker) (diptera: stratiomyidae) in a tropical forest in malaysia: a new potential species for minimum pmi estimation. | this paper discusses the colonization of the stratiomyid species ptecticus melanurus (walker) (diptera: stratiomyidae) in monkey carrion and its potential for the determination of the minimum time since death (pmi). a study was conducted in a tropical forest at bangi, malaysia from 13 november 2009 to 8 june 2011. twelve monkey carcasses (macaca fascicularis raffles) were used and divided in equal number into three different field trials. adults of p. melanurus were first observed on monkey carr ... | 2012 | 23202610 |
| a characterization of aerosolized sudan virus infection in african green monkeys, cynomolgus macaques, and rhesus macaques. | filoviruses are members of the genera ebolavirus, marburgvirus, and "cuevavirus". because they cause human disease with high lethality and could potentially be used as a bioweapon, these viruses are classified as cdc category a bioterrorism agents. filoviruses are relatively stable in aerosols, retain virulence after lyophilization, and can be present on contaminated surfaces for extended periods of time. this study explores the characteristics of aerosolized sudan virus (sudv) boniface in non-h ... | 2012 | 23202456 |
| information processing architecture of functionally defined clusters in the macaque cortex. | computational and empirical neuroimaging studies have suggested that the anatomical connections between brain regions primarily constrain their functional interactions. given that the large-scale organization of functional networks is determined by the temporal relationships between brain regions, the structural limitations may extend to the global characteristics of functional networks. here, we explored the extent to which the functional network community structure is determined by the underly ... | 2012 | 23197737 |
| simian t-cell lymphotropic virus type i alters the proviral load and biodistribution of simian retrovirus type 2 in co-infected macaques, supporting advancement of immunosuppressive pathology. | the infection dynamics and pathology of a retrovirus may be altered by one or more additional viruses. to investigate this further, this study characterized proviral load, biodistribution and the immune response in macaca fascicularis naturally infected with combinations of simian retrovirus type 2 (srv-2) and simian t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (stlv-i). as the mesenteric lymph node (mln) and the spleen have been implicated previously in response to retroviral infection, the morphology and ... | 2013 | 23197576 |
| treating diabetes and obesity with an fgf21-mimetic antibody activating the βklotho/fgfr1c receptor complex. | fibroblast growth factor 21 (fgf21) is a distinctive member of the fgf family with potent beneficial effects on lipid, body weight, and glucose metabolism and has attracted considerable interest as a potential therapeutic for treating diabetes and obesity. as an alternative to native fgf21, we have developed a monoclonal antibody, mimab1, that binds to βklotho with high affinity and specifically activates signaling from the βklotho/fgfr1c (fgf receptor 1c) receptor complex. in obese cynomolgus m ... | 2012 | 23197570 |
| development, validation and use of elisa for antibodies to human alpha-1 antitrypsin. | evaluation of human antibody responses to alpha-1 antitrypsin (aat) in clinical trials and clinical practice has been limited by the lack of a validated assay. here we describe the development and validation of an elisa method for quantification of human and nonhuman primate antibody responses to human aat. a reference anti-human aat serum standard was generated using sera from a cynomolgus macaque injected with a recombinant adeno-associated virus vector expressing human aat. the elisa was vali ... | 2013 | 23195820 |
| induction of pluripotent stem cells from a cynomolgus monkey using a polycistronic simian immunodeficiency virus-based vector, differentiation toward functional cardiomyocytes, and generation of stably expressing reporter lines. | induced pluripotent stem cells (ipscs) represent a novel cell source for regenerative therapies. many emerging ipsc-based therapeutic concepts will require preclinical evaluation in suitable large animal models. among the large animal species frequently used in preclinical efficacy and safety studies, macaques show the highest similarities to humans at physiological, cellular, and molecular levels. we have generated ipscs from cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) as a segue to regenerative t ... | 2012 | 23194451 |
| the pharmacology study of a new recombinant tnf receptor-hyfc fusion protein. | tnf-α-blocking agents such as infliximab, adalimumab and etanercept are widely used for the treatment of severe inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. the currently used tnf-α blockers have fc regions of the human igg1 subtype, which is advantageous in terms of in vivo half-life but also raise the potential for unwanted effector-mediated effects, such as antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (adcc) or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (cdc). to address this issue, ... | 2013 | 23190454 |
| effects of bevacizumab in retina and choroid after intravitreal injection into monkey eyes. | due to its low price, bevacizumab, which binds vascular endothelial growth factor, is currently used off-label for the treatment of over 50 different eye diseases and has been adopted worldwide despite the absence of serious preclinical data. this study examines the effects of intravitreal bevacizumab on monkey eyes with particular focus on choroidal and retinal vessels. | 2013 | 23190450 |
| the effects of dominance rank and group size on female lifetime reproductive success in wild long-tailed macaques,macaca fascicularis. | demographic changes were recorded throughout a 12-year period for three social groups ofmacaca fascicularis in a natural population at ketambe (sumatra, indonesia). we examined the prediction that females' lifetime reproductive success depended on dominance rank and group size. average birth rate was 0.53 (184 infants born during 349 female years). for mature females (aged 8-20 yr) birth rate reflected physical condition, being higher in years with high food availability and lower in the year fo ... | 1999 | 23179535 |
| hepatitis e virus outbreak in monkey facility, japan. | an outbreak of hepatitis e virus occurred in an outdoor monkey breeding facility in japan during 2004-2006. phylogenetic analysis indicated that this virus was genotype 3. this virus was experimentally transmitted to a cynomolgus monkey. precautions should be taken by facility personnel who work with monkeys to prevent infection. | 2012 | 23171579 |
| induction of amyloid-β(1-42) in the retina and optic nerve head of chronic ocular hypertensive monkeys. | recent studies have indicated that accumulation of amyloid β(1-42) (aβ(1-42)), which is associated with the progression of alzheimer disease, may also be responsible for retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma. the purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and localization of aβ(1-42) in the retina and the optic nerve head (onh) of monkeys with experimental glaucoma. | 2012 | 23170058 |
| single-nucleotide polymorphisms reveal patterns of allele sharing across the species boundary between rhesus (macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (m. fascicularis) macaques. | both phenotypic and genetic evidence for asymmetric hybridization between rhesus (macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus (macaca fascicularis) macaques has been observed in the region of indochina where both species are sympatric. the large-scale sharing of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii alleles between the two species in this region supports the hypothesis that genes, and especially genes involved in immune response, are being transferred across the species boundary. this differential ... | 2013 | 23165690 |
| three-month subchronic intramuscular toxicity study of rotigotine-loaded microspheres in cynomolgus monkeys. | continuous dopaminergic stimulation (cds) is an important drug development strategy in the treatment of parkinson's disease (pd). rotigotine is a non-ergoline d(3)/d(2)/d(1) dopamine receptor agonist for treating pd. as a new treatment option for cds, rotigotine-loaded microspheres (roms), long-acting sustained-release microspheres with poly(lactide-co-glycolide) as drug carrier, are now being evaluated in clinical trial. in the present study, the subchronic toxicity in cynomolgus monkeys has be ... | 2013 | 23165154 |
| transmission of ebola virus from pigs to non-human primates. | ebola viruses (ebov) cause often fatal hemorrhagic fever in several species of simian primates including human. while fruit bats are considered natural reservoir, involvement of other species in ebov transmission is unclear. in 2009, reston-ebov was the first ebov detected in swine with indicated transmission to humans. in-contact transmission of zaire-ebov (zebov) between pigs was demonstrated experimentally. here we show zebov transmission from pigs to cynomolgus macaques without direct contac ... | 2012 | 23155478 |
| a case report of spontaneous polyarthritis in cynomolgus monkeys. | veterinary x-ray photography and examinations of synovial fluid, blood and urine were conducted on a cynomolgus monkey from china (5 years old) which exhibited macroscopically visible systemic joint swelling after the quarantine period. the presence of inflammatory cells in the synovial fluid obtained by arthrocentesis, high counts of neutrophils, monocytes and large unstained cells and the elevated serum crp level suggested that the lesions in this animal were due to polyarthritis. | 2013 | 23154451 |
| discovery of (5s,6s,9r)-5-amino-6-(2,3-difluorophenyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5h-cyclohepta[b]pyridin-9-yl 4-(2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1h-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate (bms-927711): an oral calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) antagonist in clinical trials for treating migraine. | calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) receptor antagonists have demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of acute migraine. herein, we describe the design, synthesis, and preclinical characterization of a highly potent, oral cgrp receptor antagonist bms-927711 (8). compound 8 has good oral bioavailability in rat and cynomolgus monkey, attractive overall preclinical properties, and shows dose-dependent activity in a primate model of cgrp-induced facial blood flow. compound 8 is presently ... | 2012 | 23153230 |
| a new approach to predicting human hepatic clearance of cyp3a4 substrates using monkey pharmacokinetic data. | focusing on the genetic similarity of cyp3a subfamily enzymes (cyp3a4 and cyp3a5) between monkeys and humans, we have attempted to provide a single-species approach to predicting human hepatic clearance (clh) of cyp3a4 substrates using pharmacokinetic parameters in cynomolgus monkeys following intravenous administrations. 2. hepatic intrinsic clearance (clint,h) of six cyp3a4 substrates (alprazolam, clonazepam, diltiazem, midazolam, nifedipine, and quinidine), covering a wide range of clearance, ... | 2013 | 23153054 |
| upregulation of trim5α gene expression after live-attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus vaccination in mauritian cynomolgus macaques, but trim5α genotype has no impact on virus acquisition or vaccination outcome. | polymorphism in the trim5α/trimcyp gene, which interacts with the lentiviral capsid, has been shown to impact on simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) replication in certain macaque species. here, in the context of a live-attenuated siv vaccine study conducted in mauritian-origin cynomolgus macaques (mcm), we demonstrate upregulation of trim5α expression in multiple lymphoid tissues immediately following vaccination. despite this, the restricted range of trim5α genotypes and lack of trimcyp varian ... | 2013 | 23152371 |
| antibody c region influences tgn1412-like functional activity in vitro. | the unexpected outcome of the clinical trial of the superagonistic cd28 mab tgn1412 (igg4κ) continues to stimulate interest. we show that tgn1412 binds similarly to human and cynomolgus macaque fcγr, eliminating the possibility that differences in fc-mediated interactions with fcγr contributed to the failure of preclinical testing in macaques to predict toxicity in humans. the influence of the fc domain and c region structure on the in vitro functional activity of tgn1412 was investigated using ... | 2012 | 23150712 |
| chronic ketamine exposure induces permanent impairment of brain functions in adolescent cynomolgus monkeys. | ketamine, a non-competitive n-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor antagonist, has emerged as an increasingly popular drug among young drug abusers worldwide. available evidence suggests that ketamine produces acute impairments of working, episodic and semantic memory along with psychotogenic and dissociative effects when a single dose is given to healthy volunteers. however, understanding of the possible chronic effects of ketamine on behavior, cognitive anomalies and neurochemical homeostasis is st ... | 2014 | 23145560 |
| non-clinical immuno-toxicological evaluation of her1 cancer vaccine in non-human primates: a 12-month study. | human epidermal growth factor receptor (her1) constitutes a tumor associated antigen. its overexpression in many epithelial tumors has been associated with bad prognosis and poor survival. cancer vaccine based on the extracellular domain (ecd) of her1 and adjuvated in very small sized proteoliposomes (vssp) and montanide isa 51-vg is a new and complementary approach for the treatment of epithelial tumors. the present study deals with the immunogenicity of this vaccine in macaca fascicularis monk ... | 2012 | 23142132 |
| the enhanced pre- and postnatal development study for monoclonal antibodies. | the enhanced pre- and postnatal (eppnd) study design has been developed in response to new scientific knowledge and subsequent guideline changes [ich m3(r2) and ich s6(r1)]. the changes in study design were basically driven by the experiences obtained during preclinical development of biopharmaceuticals. the standard eppnd concept does not apply to conventional small molecule pharmaceuticals. in essence, the eppnd design is a pre- and postnatal development (ppnd) study in which key elements of a ... | 2013 | 23138905 |
| embryo fetal development studies in nonhuman primates. | embryo fetal development (efd) studies in nonhuman primates are frequently conducted in macaques with macaca fascicularis (cynomolgus monkey, long-tailed macaque, crab-eating macaque) being the most accepted model. efd studies are also feasible in the marmoset. due to recent guideline changes (ich m3(r2) and s6(r1)), efd studies are largely confined to conventional pharmaceutical compounds rather than biopharmaceuticals. this chapter describes basic study designs and provides working protocols f ... | 2013 | 23138904 |
| characterization of the major histocompatibility complex class i a alleles in cynomolgus macaques of vietnamese origin. | cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis, mafa) have emerged as an important animal model for infectious disease and transplantation research. extensive characterization of their major histocompatibility complex (mhc) polymorphism regions therefore becomes urgently required. in this study, we identified 41 mhc class i a nucleotide sequences in 34 unrelated cynomolgus macaques of vietnamese origin farmed in southern china, including eight novel mafa-a sequences. we found two sequences with perfec ... | 2012 | 23137320 |
| lethal canine distemper virus outbreak in cynomolgus monkeys in japan in 2008. | canine distemper virus (cdv) has recently expanded its host range to nonhuman primates. a large cdv outbreak occurred in rhesus monkeys at a breeding farm in guangxi province, china, in 2006, followed by another outbreak in rhesus monkeys at an animal center in beijing in 2008. in 2008 in japan, a cdv outbreak also occurred in cynomolgus monkeys imported from china. in that outbreak, 46 monkeys died from severe pneumonia during a quarantine period. a cdv strain (cyn07-dv) was isolated in vero ce ... | 2013 | 23135729 |
| positive selection in the major histocompatibility complex class iii region of cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) of the philippines origin. | the cynomolgus macaque (macaca fascicularis) is a model of choice among primates for the study of local adaptation processes because of its mixed and wide insular and continental distribution. in a previous study, by using 12 markers [5 microsatellites located in the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) region and 7 outside mhc], we have detected a signal of positive selection on the microsatellite draca located inside the gene dra. in order to refine the location of this signal of positive se ... | 2013 | 23134469 |
| a syndrome of severe hypoglycemia and acidosis in young immunosuppressed diabetic monkeys and pigs-association with sepsis. | large animals treated with immunosuppressive drugs for preclinical experiments of transplantation have increased risks of infection, which can be compounded by the induction of diabetes if islet transplantation is planned. | 2012 | 23128998 |
| the lif receptor antagonist pegla is effectively delivered to the uterine endometrium and blocks lif activity in cynomolgus monkeys. | leukemia inhibitory factor (lif) is a cytokine with an essential role in the preparation of the endometrium for implantation. previous studies demonstrated that pegla, a lif receptor antagonist (la) conjugated with polyethylene glycol (peg), effectively prevents implantation in mice, identifying pegla as a potential contraceptive for women. | 2013 | 23121824 |
| evaluation of the in vitro release and pharmacokinetics of parenteral injectable formulations for steroids. | the aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of injectable conventional dosage forms containing steroids. first, the in vitro release of drospirenone (drsp) microcrystal suspensions (mcss) was studied. next, the pharmacokinetics of selected subcutaneously injected drsp mcss was analyzed in female wistar rats and cynomolgus monkeys. furthermore, in vivo and in vitro results were fitted to mathematical models. although the in vitro-in vivo correlation was partially good, the predi ... | 2013 | 23116659 |
| siv genome-wide pyrosequencing provides a comprehensive and unbiased view of variation within and outside cd8 t lymphocyte epitopes. | deep sequencing technology is revolutionizing our understanding of hiv/siv evolution. it is known that acute siv sequence variation within cd8 t lymphocyte (cd8-tl) epitopes is similar among mhc-identical animals, but we do not know whether this persists into the chronic phase. we now determine whether chronic viral variation in mhc-identical animals infected with clonal siv is similar throughout the entire coding sequence when using a sensitive deep sequencing approach. we pyrosequenced the ent ... | 2012 | 23112852 |
| a human monoclonal antibody 264rad targeting αvβ6 integrin reduces tumour growth and metastasis, and modulates key biomarkers in vivo. | αvβ6 integrin expression is upregulated on a wide range of epithelial tumours, and is thought to play a role in modulating tumour growth. here we describe a human therapeutic antibody 264rad, which binds and inhibits αvβ6 integrin function. 264rad cross-reacts with human, mouse and cynomolgus monkey αvβ6, and inhibits binding to all ligands including the latency-associated peptide of tgf-β. screening across a range of integrins revealed that 264rad also binds and inhibits the related integrin αv ... | 2013 | 23108397 |
| effects of bazedoxifene acetate with and without conjugated equine estrogens on the breast of postmenopausal monkeys. | concerns about increased breast cancer risk with estrogen and progestin therapy have led to an increased interest in progestin alternatives. the main objective of this study was to determine if bazedoxifene acetate (bza), a new selective estrogen receptor modulator, will antagonize the proliferative and transcriptional effects of conjugated equine estrogens (cee) in the breast. | 2012 | 23103754 |
| gene transfer of human cd40ig does not prevent rejection in a non-human primate kidney allotransplantation model. | blockade of costimulation signaling required for immune response, such as cd40/cd40l and cd28/b7, is a reasonable strategy to prevent rejection and in defined combinations may allow donor specific tolerance. indeed, in rodents, costimulation blockade with cd28/b7 antagonists or with cd40ig was able to induce regulatory t cells and transplant tolerance whereas in primates, anti-cd40 antibodies, anti-cd40l antibodies or ctla4ig, used as monotherapy, significantly delayed graft rejection. | 2012 | 23098770 |
| pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic comparability study of moxetumomab pasudotox, an immunotoxin targeting cd22, in cynomolgus monkeys. | moxetumomab pasudotox is an immunotoxin currently being investigated in patients for the treatment of cd22-expressing b-cell malignancies. a single-cycle pharmacokinetic (pk)-pharmacodynamic (pd) study was conducted in cynomolgus monkeys for pk comparability assessment and population pk-pd modeling after major manufacturing process and site changes. primates were randomized by body weight and baseline cd22 lymphocyte counts to receive intravenous administrations of 1 mg/kg moxetumomab pasudotox ... | 2013 | 23090886 |