Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| non-respiratory presentations of covid-19, a clinical review. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2 or covid-19) is a highly infectious viral syndrome currently threatening millions of people worldwide. it is widely recognized as a disease of the pulmonary system, presenting with fever, cough, and shortness of breath. however, a number of extrapulmonary manifestations have been described in the literature. | 2020 | 33039218 |
| high-resolution structure and biophysical characterization of the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein dimerization domain from the covid-19 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. | unprecedented by number of casualties and socio-economic burden occurring worldwide, the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is the worst health crisis of this century. in order to develop adequate countermeasures against covid-19, identification and structural characterization of suitable antiviral targets within the sars-cov-2 protein repertoire is urgently needed. the nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (n) is a multi ... | 2020 | 33039147 |
| rapid, sensitive and specific sars coronavirus-2 detection: a multi-center comparison between standard qrt-pcr and crispr based detectr. | recent advances in crispr-based diagnostics suggest that detectr, a combination of isothermal reverse transcriptase loop mediated amplification (rt-lamp) and subsequent cas12 bystander nuclease activation by amplicon targeting ribonucleoprotein complexes, could be a faster and cheaper alternative to qrt-pcr without sacrificing sensitivity/specificity. here we compare detectr with qrt-pcr to diagnose covid-19 on 378 patient samples. patient sample dilution assays suggest a higher analytical sensi ... | 2020 | 33038252 |
| favipiravir at high doses has potent antiviral activity in sars-cov-2-infected hamsters, whereas hydroxychloroquine lacks activity. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) rapidly spread around the globe after its emergence in wuhan in december 2019. with no specific therapeutic and prophylactic options available, the virus has infected millions of people of which more than half a million succumbed to the viral disease, covid-19. the urgent need for an effective treatment together with a lack of small animal infection models has led to clinical trials using repurposed drugs without preclinical evidence o ... | 2020 | 33037151 |
| regn-cov2 antibodies prevent and treat sars-cov-2 infection in rhesus macaques and hamsters. | an urgent global quest for effective therapies to prevent and treat covid-19 disease is ongoing. we previously described regn-cov2, a cocktail of two potent neutralizing antibodies (regn10987+regn10933) targeting non-overlapping epitopes on the sars-cov-2 spike protein. in this report, we evaluate the in vivo efficacy of this antibody cocktail in both rhesus macaques, which may model mild disease, and golden hamsters, which may model more severe disease. we demonstrate that regn-cov-2 can greatl ... | 2020 | 33037066 |
| experimental infection of cattle with sars-cov-2. | we inoculated 6 cattle with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and kept them together with 3 in-contact, virus-naive cattle. we observed viral replication and specific seroreactivity in 2 inoculated animals, despite high levels of preexisting antibody titers against a bovine betacoronavirus. the in-contact animals did not become infected. | 2020 | 33034284 |
| potential zoonotic sources of sars-cov-2 infections. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) causing coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19) likely has evolutionary origins in other animals than humans based on genetically related viruses existing in rhinolophid bats and pangolins. similar to other animal coronaviruses, sars-cov-2 contains a functional furin cleavage site in its spike protein, which may broaden the sars-cov-2 host range and affect pathogenesis. whether ongoing zoonotic infections are possible in addition to ef ... | 2020 | 33034151 |
| sars-cov-2: how safe is it to fly and what can be done to enhance protection? | with lockdown restrictions over coronavirus disease 2019 being relaxed, airlines are returning to the skies. published evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus 2 transmission on aircraft is limited, but in-flight transmission of respiratory infections such as tuberculosis, influenza and sars has been well described. risk factors include proximity to index patients and sitting in aisle seats. personal protection on aircraft could be enhanced by always wearing a well-fittin ... | 2020 | 33031556 |
| [sars coronavirus-2 vaccines: options and state-of-the-art]. | since the first reports in mid-january of a serious new viral respiratory infection, covid-19, and the identification of sars-cov-2 as the cause of this disease, researchers work intensely on developing a vaccine that can protect individuals against serious disease and that can limit the spread of the virus. vaccine developers are using a range of platform technologies to do this, each with advantages and disadvantages. close to 30 vaccines are now in clinical testing. the first results are enco ... | 2020 | 33030329 |
| sars-cov-2 infection, disease and transmission in domestic cats. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) and responsible for the current pandemic. recent sars-cov-2 susceptibility studies in cats show that the virus can replicate in these companion animals and transmit to other cats. here, we present an in-depth study of sars-cov-2 infection, disease and transmission in domestic cats. cats were challenged with sars-cov-2 via intranasal and oral routes. one day post challenge (dpc), two s ... | 2020 | 33028154 |
| minimize glycemic fluctuation decrease the risk of severe illness and death in patients with covid-19. | the recent coronavirus disease (covid-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) and has been spreading rapidly throughout the continents. the insights in how this viral disease affects general population is thus urgently needed. diabetes mellitus is one of the leading threats for morbidity and mortality globally. infection of coronavirus in diabetic patients may trigger acute hyperglycemia due to increased secretion of hyperglycemic hormones, extensive applica ... | 2020 | 33026669 |
| sars-cov-2 infection during pregnancy, a risk factor for eclampsia or neurological manifestations of covid-19? case report. | there are no published cases of tonic-clonic seizures and posterior bilateral blindness during pregnancy and severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (cov) 2 (sars-cov-2) infection. we do not just face new and unknown manifestations, but also how different patient groups are affected by sars-cov-2 infection, such as pregnant women. coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), preeclampsia, eclampsia and posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy share endothelium damage and similar pathophysio ... | 2020 | 33023500 |
| reply to letter to the editor: presence of sars-coronavirus-2 in the ileal mucosa: another evidence for infection of gi tract by this virus (gastro-d-20-01382). | 2020 | 33022278 | |
| covid-19: between past and present. | since the who declared coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) as a pandemic, huge efforts were made to understand the disease, its pathogenesis, and treatment. covid-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus-2 (sars-cov2), which is closely related to sars-associated coronavirus (sars-cov). this article attempts to provide a timely and comprehensive review of the coronaviruses over the years, and the epidemics they caused in this century with a focus on the current pandemi ... | 2020 | 33017280 |
| predicting susceptibility to sars-cov-2 infection based on structural differences in ace2 across species. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is the cause of the global pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19). sars-cov-2 is a zoonotic disease, but little is known about variations in species susceptibility that could identify potential reservoir species, animal models, and the risk to pets, wildlife, and livestock. certain species, such as domestic cats and tigers, are susceptible to sars-cov-2 infection, while other species such as mice and chickens are not. most ani ... | 2020 | 33015868 |
| in silico molecular docking: evaluation of coumarin based derivatives against sars-cov-2. | the unique anthropological coronavirus which has been titled as sars-cov-2 was originally arisen in late 2019 in wuhan, china affecting respiratory infection named as covid-19. coronavirus is disturbing human life in an exceptional method and has converted a public health global crisis. natural products are ahead consideration due to the huge beneficial window and effective anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant and antiviral possessions. consequently, the present study was intended to ... | 2020 | 33008777 |
| furin inhibitors block sars-cov-2 spike protein cleavage to suppress virus production and cytopathic effects. | development of specific antiviral agents is an urgent unmet need for sars-coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection. this study focuses on host proteases that proteolytically activate the sars-cov-2 spike protein, critical for its fusion after binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace2), as antiviral targets. we first validate cleavage at a putative furin substrate motif at sars-cov-2 spikes by expressing it in veroe6 cells and find prominent syncytium formation. cleavage and the syncytium are ... | 2020 | 33007239 |
| topical lignocaine anaesthesia for oropharyngeal sampling for covid-19. | to ascertain if topical lignocaine application in oropharynx prior to swab sampling to test for covid-19 improves a patient's comfort and to assess its effect on the swab sample taken to conduct the rt-pcr. | 2020 | 33001294 |
| inflammation and thrombosis in patients with covid-19: a prothrombotic and inflammatory disease caused by sars coronavirus-2. | coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) caused by 'severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2' (sars-cov-2) infection emerged in wuhan, a city of china, and spread to the entire planet in early 2020. the virus enters the respiratory tract cells and other tissues via ace2 receptors. approximately 20% of infected subjects develop severe or critical disease. a cytokine storm leads to over inflammation and thrombotic events. the most common clinical presentation in covid-19 is pneumonia, typically ... | 2020 | 33001051 |
| dynamically evolving novel overlapping gene as a factor in the sars-cov-2 pandemic. | understanding the emergence of novel viruses requires an accurate and comprehensive annotation of their genomes. overlapping genes (olgs) are common in viruses and have been associated with pandemics but are still widely overlooked. we identify and characterize orf3d, a novel olg in sars-cov-2 that is also present in guangxi pangolin-covs but not other closely related pangolin-covs or bat-covs. we then document evidence of orf3d translation, characterize its protein sequence, and conduct an evol ... | 2020 | 33001029 |
| a rise in facial nerve palsies during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. | an increase in spontaneous lower motor neuron facial nerve (viith cranial nerve) palsies was seen during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 outbreak in our emergency clinic. this led us to perform a single-centre cohort review. | 2020 | 32998780 |
| unraveling the possible routes of sars-cov-2 invasion into the central nervous system. | to describe the possible neuroinvasion pathways of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2), the virus responsible for the coronavirus disease-19 (covid-19) pandemic. | 2020 | 32994698 |
| creating and applying sir modified compartmental model for calculation of covid-19 lockdown efficiency. | we propose a susceptible-infected-recovered (sir) modified model for coronavirus disease - 2019 (covid-19) spread to estimate the efficacy of lockdown measures introduced during the pandemic. as input data, we used covid-19 epidemiological information collected in fifteen european countries either in private surveys or using official statistics. thirteen countries implemented lockdown measures, two countries (sweden, iceland) not. as output parameters, we studied herd immunity level and time of ... | 2020 | 32994671 |
| susceptibility of tree shrew to sars-cov-2 infection. | since severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) became a pandemic event in the world, it has not only caused huge economic losses, but also a serious threat to global public health. many scientific questions about sars-cov-2 and coronavirus disease (covid-19) were raised and urgently need to be answered, including the susceptibility of animals to sars-cov-2 infection. here we tested whether tree shrew, an emerging experimental animal domesticated from wild animal, is susceptib ... | 2020 | 32994418 |
| experimental infection of domestic dogs and cats with sars-cov-2: pathogenesis, transmission, and response to reexposure in cats. | the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) has reached nearly every country in the world with extraordinary person-to-person transmission. the most likely original source of the virus was spillover from an animal reservoir and subsequent adaptation to humans sometime during the winter of 2019 in wuhan province, china. because of its genetic similarity to sars-cov-1, it is probable that this novel virus has a similar host range and receptor specificity. du ... | 2020 | 32994343 |
| insult to injury-potential contribution of coronavirus disease-19 to neuroinflammation and the development of hiv-associated neurocognitive disorders. | severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)-coronavirus (cov)-2 is responsible for a new coronavirus disease known as coronavirus disease-19 (covid-19). sars-cov-2 reports neurotropic properties and may have neurological implications, and this creates another health burden for people living with hiv. as yet, the impact of covid-19 on (neuro)inflammation and the development of hiv-associated neurocognitive disorders (hand) is not fully known. here, we reviewed preliminary evidence that provides clue ... | 2020 | 32993321 |
| surveillance and re-positive rna test in patients recovered from covid-19. | 2020 | 32990948 | |
| treatment of immunocompromised covid-19 patients with convalescent plasma. | immunosuppressed patients such as solid organ transplant and hematologic malignancy patients appear to be at increased risk for morbidity and mortality due to coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) caused by sars coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). convalescent plasma, a method of passive immunization that has been applied to prior viral pandemics, holds promise as a potential treatment for covid-19. immunocompromised patients may experience more benefit from convalescent plasma given underlying deficits i ... | 2020 | 32989856 |
| how to maintain elective treatment of breast cancer during the covid-19 pandemic-a cancer center experience. | 2020 | 32989747 | |
| covid-19: significance of antibodies. | the newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) has recently caused pandemic coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19). considering the serious medical, economic and social consequences of this pandemic and the lack of definite medication and vaccine it is necessary to describe natural immune responses to the sars-cov-2 in order to exploit them for treating the patients and monitoring the general population. moreover, detecting the most immunogenic antigens of th ... | 2020 | 32986664 |
| genomic characterization and phylogenetic evolution of the sars-cov-2. | the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) started on 12 december 2019 in wuhan, china, had caused 7,885,123 cases including 431,835 deaths by 14 jun 2020 all over the world. here we report the genomic characterization and phylogenetic evolution of this coronavirus called sars-cov-2 that caused covid-19. the sars-cov-2 genomes and other coronaviruses were obtained from gisaid and genbank. then the genome was annotated, and potential genetic recombination was investigated. phylogenetic analysis was ... | 2020 | 32985209 |
| oral sars-cov-2 inoculation establishes subclinical respiratory infection with virus shedding in golden syrian hamsters. | severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is transmitted largely by respiratory droplets or airborne aerosols. despite being frequently found in the immediate environment and feces of patients, evidence supporting the oral acquisition of sars-cov-2 is unavailable. using the syrian hamster model, we demonstrate that the severity of pneumonia induced by the intranasal inhalation of sars-cov-2 increases with virus inoculum. sars-cov-2 retains its infectivity in vitro in simulated ... | 2020 | 32984855 |
| covid-19 and cardiac surgery: the perspective from united kingdom. | the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in december 2019, presumed from the city of wuhan, hubei province in china, and the subsequent declaration of the disease as a pandemic by the world health organization as coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in march 2020, had a significant impact on health care systems globally. each country responded to this disease in different ways, however this was done broadly by fortifying and prioritizing health care provision as well as in ... | 2020 | 32981073 |
| transmission-dynamics models for the sars coronavirus-2. | 2020 | 32978876 | |
| covid-19: current understanding of its pathophysiology, clinical presentation and treatment. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus-2 is a novel coronavirus belonging to the family coronaviridae and is now known to be responsible for the outbreak of a series of recent acute atypical respiratory infections originating in wuhan, china. the disease caused by this virus, termed coronavirus disease 19 or simply covid-19, has rapidly spread throughout the world at an alarming pace and has been declared a pandemic by the who on march 11, 2020. in this review, an update on the ... | 2020 | 32978337 |
| targeting the endolysosomal host-sars-cov-2 interface by clinically licensed functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase (fiasma) including the antidepressant fluoxetine. | the coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is a global health emergency. as only very limited therapeutic options are clinically available, there is an urgent need for the rapid development of safe, effective, and globally available pharmaceuticals that inhibit sars-cov-2 entry and ameliorate covid-19 severity. in this study, we explored the use of small compounds acting on the homeostasis of the endolysosom ... | 2020 | 32975484 |
| lions, tigers and kittens too: ace2 and susceptibility to covid-19. | sars-cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) has been reported to infect domesticated animals in a species-specific manner, where cats were susceptible but not dogs. using the recently published crystal structure of the sars-cov-2 spike protein complexed with the human host cell receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ace2), we characterized the structure and evolution of ace2 in several of these species and identify a single interacting amino acid residue conserved between hum ... | 2020 | 32974030 |
| advances on synthesis, derivatization and bioactivity of isatin: a review. | isatin (ist) is a crucial pharmacologically active compound, chemically known as indole-1h-2,3- dione. development of different ist based analogues acquired significant awareness because of its pronounced therapeutic importance such as analgesic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antitubercular, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral (effective against sars coronavirus 3c protease) and many other activities, and represent an important class of heterocyclic compounds that can be used as a precursor fo ... | 2020 | 32972348 |
| heterogeneous expression of the sars-coronavirus-2 receptor ace2 in the human respiratory tract. | zoonotically transmitted coronaviruses are responsible for three disease outbreaks since 2002, including the current covid-19 pandemic, caused by sars-cov-2. its efficient transmission and range of disease severity raise questions regarding the contributions of virus-receptor interactions. ace2 is a host ectopeptidase and the receptor for sars-cov-2. numerous reports describe ace2 mrna abundance and tissue distribution; however, mrna abundance is not always representative of protein levels. curr ... | 2020 | 32971472 |
| broadening our bandwidth: a multiple case report of expanded use of telehealth technology to perform wound consultations during the covid-19 pandemic. | managing patients during the coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19) pandemic, and the associated severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) in particular, required the nimble responsiveness for which woc nurses are known. problem-solving skills were needed to continue the level of woc nursing services expected by patients, families, and professional colleagues, while reducing the hours we were physically present at our clinical facility. in order to respond to these demand ... | 2020 | 32970030 |
| rational use of sars-cov-2 polymerase chain reaction tests within institutions caring for the vulnerable. | institutions such as hospitals and nursing or long-stay residential homes accommodate individuals at considerable risk of mortality should they acquire sars-cov-2 infection. in these settings, polymerase chain reaction tests play a central role in infection prevention and control. here, we argue that both false negative and false positive tests are possible and that careful consideration of the prior probability of infection and of test characteristics are needed to prevent harm. we outline evid ... | 2020 | 32968484 |
| north american big brown bats (eptesicus fuscus) harbor an exogenous deltaretrovirus. | bats are the reservoir for a large number of zoonotic viruses, including members of coronaviridae (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus [sars-cov] and sars-cov-2), paramyxoviridae (hendra and nipah viruses), rhabdoviridae (rabies virus), and filoviridae (ebola virus) as exemplars. many retroviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus, are similarly zoonotic; however, only infectious exogenous gammaretroviruses have recently been identified in bats. here, viral metagenomic sequencing o ... | 2020 | 32968009 |
| tmprss2, a sars-cov-2 internalization protease is downregulated in head and neck cancer patients. | sars-coronavirus-2 enters host cells through binding of the spike protein to ace2 receptor and subsequent s priming by the tmprss2 protease. we aim to assess differences in both ace2 and tmprss2 expression in normal tissues from oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and lung tissues as well as neoplastic tissues from the same areas. | 2020 | 32967703 |
| severity of lung involvement on chest x-rays in sars-coronavirus-2 infected patients as a possible tool to predict clinical progression: an observational retrospective analysis of the relationship between radiological, clinical, and laboratory data. | to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of a chest x-ray (cxr) score and of clinical and laboratory data in predicting the clinical course of patients with sars coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection. | 2020 | 32965310 |
| coronavirus interactions with the cellular autophagy machinery. | the covid-19 pandemic, caused by the sars-cov-2 virus, is the most recent example of an emergent coronavirus that poses a significant threat to human health. virus-host interactions play a major role in the viral life cycle and disease pathogenesis, and cellular pathways such as macroautophagy/autophagy prove to be either detrimental or beneficial to viral replication and maturation. here, we describe the literature over the past twenty years describing autophagy-coronavirus interactions. there ... | 2020 | 32964796 |
| systematic review and meta-analysis of smell and taste disorders in covid-19. | loss of smell and taste are considered potential discriminatory symptoms indicating triaging for coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) and early case identification. however, the estimated prevalence essential to guide public health policy varies in published literature. this meta-analysis aimed to estimate prevalence of smell and taste loss among covid-19 patients. | 2020 | 32964177 |
| pregnancy and covid-19: pharmacologic considerations. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (sars-cov2) pandemic has sparked controversy regarding the use of certain routine and investigational pharmacologic interventions during pregnancy and the postpartum period. in this review, we critically appraise guidance in regard to pharmacologic considerations unique to pregnant and lactating women with coronavirus disease (covid-19). we summarize the evidence, which supports the routine use of antenatal corticosteroids, magnesium su ... | 2020 | 32959455 |
| transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) to animals: an updated review. | covid-19 caused by a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) originated in wuhan (hubei province, china) during late 2019. it has spread across the globe affecting nearly 21 million people with a toll of 0.75 million deaths and restricting the movement of most of the world population during the past 6 months. covid-19 became the leading health, economic, and humanitarian challenge of the twenty-first century. in addition to the considerable covid-19 cases, hospitalizat ... | 2020 | 32957995 |
| understanding the role of corona virus based on current scientific evidence - a review with emerging important in pandemic. | coronavirus disease is a potentially deadly disease and of significant apprehension for global communal health potentially because of its lethality. vaccines and antiviral medications are still under trial to prevent or treat infections of human coronavirus (hcov) till date. the virus hcov originate in 2003, sars-cov, which causes respiratory syndrome having distinctive pathogenesis and causes infections of the respiratory tract. a mechanism was projected for the evolution of sars virus and a ha ... | 2020 | 32957894 |
| covid-19 and the liver: what do we know after six months of the pandemic? | despite liver injury in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus (cov)-2 (sars-cov-2) is associated with prolonged hospitalization, and liver dysfunction is mainly described in patients with severe viral disease. how liver abnormalities may affect virus infection is still unknown. improved understanding of host genetics, lifestyle, underlying comorbidities and adequate follow-up of patients with liver damage are critical in the new scenario of the pandemic viru ... | 2020 | 32956871 |
| covid - 19 post hematopoietic cell transplant, a report of 11 cases from a single center. | in late 2019 the coronavirus disease - 2019 (covid - 19) pandemic caused by sars coronavirus 2 (sars - cov - 2) started in wuhan, china. life has changed radically since then. data emerging from the first hit countries show a tendency for a complicated course and higher mortality in some subgroups of infected patients. cancer patients are immunosuppressed from their disease and the therapy they receive. hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients are a subgroup of patients that are severely i ... | 2020 | 32952981 |
| placental pathology findings during and after sars-cov-2 infection: features of villitis and malperfusion. | since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), there has been a debate whether pregnant women are at a specific risk for covid-19 and whether it might be vertically transmittable through the placenta. we present a series of five placentas of sars coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2)-positive women who had been diagnosed with mild symptoms of covid-19 or had been asymptomatic before birth. we provide a detailed histopathologic description of morphological changes accompanied by an analysis of p ... | 2020 | 32950981 |
| stat3 isoforms differentially affect ace2 expression: a potential target for covid-19 therapy. | the sars-coronavirus 2 is the aetiologic agent covid-19. ace2 has been identified as a cell entry receptor for the virus. therefore, trying to understand how the gene is controlled has become a major goal. we silenced the expression of stat3α and stat3β, and found that while silencing stat3α causes an increase in ace2 expression, silencing stat3β causes the opposite effect. studying the role of stat3 in ace2 expression will shed light on the molecular events that contribute to the progression of ... | 2020 | 32949179 |
| anemia and covid-19: a prospective perspective. | 2020 | 32949170 | |
| antibody-like proteins that capture and neutralize sars-cov-2. | to combat severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) and any unknown emerging pathogens in the future, the development of a rapid and effective method to generate high-affinity antibodies or antibody-like proteins is of critical importance. we here report high-speed in vitro selection of multiple high-affinity antibody-like proteins against various targets including the sars-cov-2 spike protein. the sequences of monobodies against the sars-cov-2 spike protein were succe ... | 2020 | 32948512 |
| no sars-cov-2 neutralization by intravenous immunoglobulins produced from plasma collected before the 2020 pandemic. | the 2020 sars-cov-2 pandemic is caused by a zoonotic coronavirus transmitted to humans, similar to earlier events. whether the other, seasonally circulating coronaviruses induce cross-reactive, potentially even cross-neutralizing antibodies to the new species in humans is unclear. the question is of particular relevance for people with immune deficiencies, as their health depends on treatment with immunoglobulin preparations that need to contain neutralizing antibodies against the pathogens in t ... | 2020 | 32941626 |
| sars-cov-2 in quarantined domestic cats from covid-19 households or close contacts, hong kong, china. | we tested 50 cats from coronavirus disease households or close contacts in hong kong, china, for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 rna in respiratory and fecal samples. we found 6 cases of apparent human-to-feline transmission involving healthy cats. virus genomes sequenced from 1 cat and its owner were identical. | 2020 | 32938527 |
| a potent postentry restriction to primate lentiviruses in a yinpterochiropteran bat. | bats are primary reservoirs for multiple lethal human viruses, such as ebola, nipah, hendra, rabies, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov), middle east respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (mers-cov), and, most recently, sars-cov-2. the innate immune systems of these immensely abundant, anciently diverged mammals remain insufficiently characterized. while bat genomes contain many endogenous retroviral elements indicative of past exogenous infections, little is known about ... | 2020 | 32934084 |
| coronavirus infections in companion animals: virology, epidemiology, clinical and pathologic features. | coronaviruses are enveloped rna viruses capable of causing respiratory, enteric, or systemic diseases in a variety of mammalian hosts that vary in clinical severity from subclinical to fatal. the host range and tissue tropism are largely determined by the coronaviral spike protein, which initiates cellular infection by promoting fusion of the viral and host cell membranes. companion animal coronaviruses responsible for causing enteric infection include feline enteric coronavirus, ferret enteric ... | 2020 | 32933150 |
| new sars-cov-2 infection detected in an italian pet cat by rt-qpcr from deep pharyngeal swab. | the pandemic respiratory disease covid-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), emerged in wuhan in december 2019 and then spread throughout the world; italy was the most affected european country. despite close pet-human contact, little is known about the predisposition of pets to sars-cov-2. among these, felines are the most susceptible. in this study, a domestic cat with clear clinical signs of pneumonia, confirmed by rx imaging, was found to be infected by ... | 2020 | 32932800 |
| using wechat, a chinese social media app, for early detection of the covid-19 outbreak in december 2019: retrospective study. | a novel coronavirus, sars-cov-2, was identified in december 2019, when the first cases were reported in wuhan, china. the once-localized outbreak has since been declared a pandemic. as of april 24, 2020, there have been 2.7 million confirmed cases and nearly 200,000 deaths. early warning systems using new technologies should be established to prevent or mitigate such events in the future. | 2020 | 32931439 |
| mass spectrometry and structural biology techniques in the studies on the coronavirus-receptor interaction. | mass spectrometry and some other biophysical methods, have made substantial contributions to the studies on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) and human proteins interactions. the most interesting feature of sars-cov-2 seems to be the structure of its spike (s) protein and its interaction with the human cell receptor. mass spectrometry of spike s protein revealed how the glycoforms are distributed across the s protein surface. x-ray crystallography and cryo-electron mic ... | 2020 | 32927621 |
| potential protease inhibitors and their combinations to block sars-cov-2. | covid-19, which has emerged recently as a pandemic viral infection caused by sars-coronavirus 2 has spread rapidly around the world, creating a public health emergency. the current situation demands an effective therapeutic strategy to control the disease using drugs that are approved, or by inventing new ones. the present study examines the possible repurposing of existing anti-viral protease inhibitor drugs. for this, the structural features of the viral spike protein, the substrate for host c ... | 2020 | 32924827 |
| coronavirus: a shift in focus away from ifn response and towards other inflammatory targets. | in the past two decades, two beta-coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (sars-cov-1) and the middle east respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (mers-cov), have infected approximately 8000 and 2500 across the globe, respectively (de wit et al. 2016; amanat and krammer 2020). the current viral pandemic, caused by sars-cov-2, has already affected 4.23 m in less than a year. of greater concern, the disease caused by sars-cov-2, covid-19, still has a rapidly increasi ... | 2020 | 32922564 |
| highly conserved binding region of ace2 as a receptor for sars-cov-2 between humans and mammals. | several cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) infection transmitted from human owners to their dogs have recently been reported. the first ever case of sars-cov-2 transmission from a human owner to a domestic cat was confirmed on march 27, 2020. a tiger from a zoo in new york, usa, was also reportedly infected with sars-cov-2. it is believed that sars-cov-2 was transmitted to tigers from their caretakers, who were previously infected with this virus. on may 25, 20 ... | 2020 | 32921279 |
| anti-frameshifting ligand active against sars coronavirus-2 is resistant to natural mutations of the frameshift-stimulatory pseudoknot. | sars-cov-2 uses -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting (-1 prf) to control expression of key viral proteins. because modulating -1 prf can attenuate the virus, ligands binding to the rna pseudoknot that stimulates -1 prf may have therapeutic potential. mutations in the pseudoknot have occurred during the pandemic, but how they affect -1 prf efficiency and ligand activity is unknown. studying a panel of six mutations in key regions of the pseudoknot, we found that most did not change -1 prf levels ... | 2020 | 32920049 |
| the role of host genetics in susceptibility to severe viral infections in humans and insights into host genetics of severe covid-19: a systematic review. | susceptibility to severe viral infections was reported to be associated with genetic variants in immune response genes using case reports and gwas studies. sars-cov-2 is an emergent viral disease that caused millions of covid-19 cases all over the world. around 15 % of cases are severe and some of them are accompanied by dysregulated immune system and cytokine storm. there is increasing evidence that severe manifestations of covid-19 might be attributed to human genetic variants in genes related ... | 2020 | 32918943 |
| unlocking covid therapeutic targets: a structure-based rationale against sars-cov-2, sars-cov and mers-cov spike. | there are no approved target therapeutics against sars-cov-2 or other beta-covs. the beta-cov spike protein is a promising target considering the critical role in viral infection and pathogenesis and its surface exposed features. we performed a structure-based strategy targeting highly conserved druggable regions resulting from a comprehensive large-scale sequence analysis and structural characterization of spike domains across sarsr- and mersr-covs. we have disclosed 28 main consensus druggable ... | 2020 | 32913581 |
| development of sars-cov-2 nucleocapsid specific monoclonal antibodies. | the global covid-19 pandemic has caused massive disruptions in every society around the world. to help fight covid-19, new molecular tools specifically targeting critical components of the causative agent of covid-19, sars-coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2), are desperately needed. the sars-cov-2 nucleocapsid protein is a major component of the viral replication processes, integral to viral particle assembly, and is a major diagnostic marker for infection and immune protection. currently available antib ... | 2020 | 32908982 |
| chest ct accuracy in the diagnosis of sars-cov-2 infection: initial experience in a cancer center. | to evaluate the accuracy of chest computed tomography (ct) in patients with suspected severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) infection at a cancer center. | 2020 | 32904703 |
| ace2 expression in the cat and the tiger gastrointestinal tracts. | angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace2) has been identified as the functional receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2). it has been identified in the human gastrointestinal tract (git), and sars-cov-2 has been isolated in human and animal fecal samples. the aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of ace2 in the gastrointestinal tract of domestic (cat) and wild (tiger) felines. samples of the pylorus, duodenum, and distal colon were collected fro ... | 2020 | 32903561 |
| disruption of adaptive immunity enhances disease in sars-cov-2-infected syrian hamsters. | animal models recapitulating human covid-19 disease, especially severe disease, are urgently needed to understand pathogenesis and to evaluate candidate vaccines and therapeutics. here, we develop novel severe-disease animal models for covid-19 involving disruption of adaptive immunity in syrian hamsters. cyclophosphamide (cyp) immunosuppressed or rag2 knockout (ko) hamsters were exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) by the respiratory route. both the cyp-treate ... | 2020 | 32900822 |
| coronavirus: a shift in focus away from ifn response and towards other inflammatory targets. | in the past two decades, two beta-coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (sars-cov-1) and the middle east respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (mers-cov), have infected approximately 8000 and 2500 across the globe, respectively (de wit et al. 2016; amanat and krammer 2020). the current viral pandemic, caused by sars-cov-2, has already affected 4.23 m in less than a year. of greater concern, the disease caused by sars-cov-2, covid-19, still has a rapidly increasi ... | 2020 | 32895779 |
| asymptomatic sars coronavirus 2 infection: invisible yet invincible. | while successful containment measures of covid-19 in china and many european countries have led to flattened curves, case numbers are rising dramatically in other countries, with the emergence of a second wave expected. asymptomatic individuals carrying sars-cov-2 are hidden drivers of the pandemic, and infectivity studies confirm the existence of transmission by asymptomatic individuals. the data addressed here show that characteristics of asymptomatic and presymptomatic infection are not ident ... | 2020 | 32891737 |
| cell and animal models of sars-cov-2 pathogenesis and immunity. | the spread of the novel virus sars coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) was explosive, with cases first identified in december 2019, and >22 million people infected and >775,000 deaths as of august 2020. sars-cov-2 can cause severe respiratory disease in humans leading to coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). the development of effective clinical interventions, such as antivirals and vaccines that can limit or even prevent the burden and spread of sars-cov-2, is a global health priority. testing of leading ... | 2020 | 32887790 |
| therapy of sars-coronavirus-2 pneumonia: is there an optimal il-6 cut-off for successful tocilizumab treatment? | 2020 | 32886768 | |
| comparative genome analysis of novel coronavirus (sars-cov-2) from different geographical locations and the effect of mutations on major target proteins: an in silico insight. | a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) causing covid-19 pandemic in humans, recently emerged and has exported in more than 200 countries as a result of rapid spread. in this study, we have made an attempt to investigate the sars-cov-2 genome reported from 13 different countries, identification of mutations in major coronavirus proteins of these different sars-cov-2 genomes and compared with sars-cov. these thirteen complete genome sequences of sars-cov-2 sho ... | 2020 | 32881907 |
| ocular conjunctival inoculation of sars-cov-2 can cause mild covid-19 in rhesus macaques. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) is highly transmitted through the respiratory route, but potential extra-respiratory routes of sars-cov-2 transmission remain uncertain. here we inoculated five rhesus macaques with 1 × 106 tcid50 of sars-cov-2 conjunctivally (cj), intratracheally (it), and intragastrically (ig). nasal and throat swabs collected from cj and it had detectable viral rna at 1-7 days post-inoculation (dpi). viral rna was detected in anal swabs from only th ... | 2020 | 32879306 |
| evolution of early sars-cov-2 and cross-coronavirus immunity. | the novel coronavirus, sars-coronavirus (cov)-2 (sars-cov-2), has caused over 17 million infections in just a few months, with disease manifestations ranging from largely asymptomatic infection to critically severe disease. the remarkable spread and unpredictable disease outcomes continue to challenge management of this infection. among the hypotheses to explain the heterogeneity of symptoms is the possibility that exposure to other coronaviruses (covs), or overall higher capability to develop i ... | 2020 | 32878931 |
| impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers' risk of infection and outcomes in a large, integrated health system. | understanding the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers (hcw) is crucial. | 2020 | 32875500 |
| can immunization of hens provide oral-based therapeutics against covid-19? | in the current worldwide pandemic situation caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) and the newest coronavirus disease (covid-19), therapeutics and prophylactics are urgently needed for a large population. some of the prophylaxis strategies are based on the development of antibodies targeting viral proteins. igy antibodies are a type of immunoglobulin present in birds, amphibians, and reptiles. they are usually obtained from egg yolk of hyper-immunized hens and ... | 2020 | 32872186 |
| covid-19 in hematological malignancy patients: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. | covid-19 is an international outbreak of the respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2). the diseases themselves, as well as the intensity of chemotherapy, lead to significant immunosuppression, leading hematological malignancy patients susceptible to infections. | 2020 | 32871864 |
| design and evaluation of anti-sars-coronavirus agents based on molecular interactions with the viral protease. | three types of new coronaviruses (covs) have been identified recently as the causative viruses for the severe pneumonia-like respiratory illnesses, severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars), middle east respiratory syndrome (mers), and corona-virus disease 2019 (covid-19). neither therapeutic agents nor vaccines have been developed to date, which is a major drawback in controlling the present global pandemic of covid-19 caused by sars coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) and has resulted in more than 20,43 ... | 2020 | 32867349 |
| association of vitamin d with the modulation of the disease severity in covid-19. | in late 2019, sars-cov-2 started to spread throughout the world causing the covid-19 that has taken a considerable number of lives. results obtained from several investigations have explained the virus origin, pathogenicity, and transmission. similar to sars coronavirus, the pulmonary angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) 2 was introduced as the virus receptor for entering the cell. an increased body of epidemiological and clinical evidences has shown modulating effects of vitamin d in lung injuri ... | 2020 | 32866536 |
| scaffold morphing of arbidol (umifenovir) in search of multi-targeting therapy halting the interaction of sars-cov-2 with ace2 and other proteases involved in covid-19. | the rapid emergence of novel coronavirus, sars-coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), originated from wuhan, china, imposed a global health emergency. angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace2) receptor serves as an entry point for this deadly virus while the proteases like furin, transmembrane protease serine 2 (tmprss2) and 3 chymotrypsin-like protease (3clpro) are involved in the further processing and replication of sars-cov-2. the interaction of sp with ace2 and these proteases results in the sars-cov-2 i ... | 2020 | 32866534 |
| synergistic antiviral effect of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in combination against sars-cov-2: what molecular dynamics studies of virus-host interactions reveal. | the emergence of sars-coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) has led to a global pandemic disease referred to as coronavirus disease 19 (covid-19). hydroxychloroquine (clq-oh)/azithromycin (atm) combination therapy is currently being tested for the treatment of covid-19, with promising results. however, the molecular mechanism of action of this combination is not yet established. using molecular dynamics (md) simulations, this study shows that the drugs act in synergy to prevent any close contact between th ... | 2020 | 32862840 |
| intrinsic disorder perspective of an interplay between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and sars-cov-2. | the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus sars-cov-2 walks the planet causing the rapid spread of the cov disease 2019 (covid-19) that has especially deleterious consequences for the patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases (cvds). entry of the sars-cov-2 into the host cell involves interaction of the virus (via the receptor-binding domain (rbd) of its spike glycoprotein) with the membrane-bound form of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ace2) followed by the virus-ace ... | 2020 | 32853823 |
| in silico screening of hundred phytocompounds of ten medicinal plants as potential inhibitors of nucleocapsid phosphoprotein of covid-19: an approach to prevent virus assembly. | currently, there is no specific treatment to cure covid-19. many medicinal plants have antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, wound healing etc. therefore, the aim of the current study was to screen for potent inhibitors of n-terminal domain (ntd) of nucleocapsid phosphoprotein of sars-cov-2. the structure of ntd of rna binding domain of nucleocapsid phosphoprotein of sars coronavirus 2 was retrieved from the protein data bank (pdb 6vyo) and the structures of 100 differen ... | 2020 | 32851912 |
| global psychological implications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19). what can be learned from italy. reflections, perspectives, opportunities. | on december 31, 2019, the chinese authorities announced that in the city of wuhan, hubei province, central-eastern china, a cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology had developed. a new coronavirus (sars-cov-2) that causes serious problems like pneumonia and even death, has been discovered. this new disease (covid-19) has spread also in italy starting from the first recognized case on february 20. beyond its biological implications, this coronavirus allows us many psychological reflections ... | 2020 | 32849079 |
| the enigma of endothelium in covid-19. | coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (sars-cov-2) has affected millions of people globally. clinically, it presents with mild flu-like symptoms in most cases but can cause respiratory failure in high risk population. with the aim of unearthing newer treatments, scientists all over the globe are striving hard to comprehend the underlying mechanisms of covid-19. several studies till date have indicated a dysregulated host immune res ... | 2020 | 32848893 |
| medicinal plants as sources of active molecules against covid-19. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) or novel coronavirus (covid-19) infection has been declared world pandemic causing a worrisome number of deaths, especially among vulnerable citizens, in 209 countries around the world. although several therapeutic molecules are being tested, no effective vaccines or specific treatments have been developed. since the covid-19 outbreak, different traditional herbal medicines with promising results have been used alone or in ... | 2020 | 32848790 |
| clinical features of neonates born to mothers with coronavirus disease-2019: a systematic review of 105 neonates. | despite the increasingly recognized impact of novel coronavirus disease (covid-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2), on many aspects of health in adults and children, its effects on neonates born to infected mothers remain unclear. we conducted this study to investigate the outcomes of neonates born to mothers with covid-19. | 2020 | 32847748 |
| a scalable topical vectored vaccine candidate against sars-cov-2. | the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) caused an ongoing unprecedented global public health crises of coronavirus disease in 2019 (covid-19). the precipitously increased death rates, its impact on livelihood and trembling economies warrant the urgent development of a sars-cov-2 vaccine which would be safe, efficacious and scalable. owing to unavailability of the vaccine, we propose a de novo synthesized avian orthoavulavirus 1 (aoav-1)-based topical respiratory vaccine ... | 2020 | 32846910 |
| covid-19 re-infection by a phylogenetically distinct sars-coronavirus-2 strain confirmed by whole genome sequencing. | waning immunity occurs in patients who have recovered from covid-19. however, it remains unclear whether true re-infection occurs. | 2020 | 32840608 |
| sars-cov-2 in fruit bats, ferrets, pigs, and chickens: an experimental transmission study. | in december, 2019, a novel zoonotic severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus emerged in china. the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) became pandemic within weeks and the number of human infections and severe cases is increasing. we aimed to investigate the susceptibilty of potential animal hosts and the risk of anthropozoonotic spill-over infections. | 2020 | 32838346 |
| drug repurposing using computational methods to identify therapeutic options for covid-19. | recently, the world has been dealing with a new type of coronavirus called covid-19 that in terms of symptoms is similar to the sars coronavirus. unfortunately, researchers could not find a registered therapy to treat the infection related to the virus yet. regarding the fact that drug repurposing is a good strategy for epidemic viral infection, we applied the drug repurposing strategy using virtual screening to identify therapeutic options for covid-19. for this purpose, five proteins of covid- ... | 2020 | 32837954 |
| additional diagnostic testing of the 2019 novel coronavirus (sars-cov-2). | within the last two decades several members of the coronaviridae family namely severe respiratory syndrome (sars-cov) and middle east respiratory syndrome (mers-cov) have demonstrated epidemic potential. in late, 2019 an unnamed genetic relative, later named sars-cov-2 realized its potential in the highly populous neighborhoods of wuhan, china. unchecked, the virus rapidly spread among interconnected communities and related households before containment measures could be in acted. "appropriate" ... | 2020 | 32837527 |
| more than loss of taste and smell: burning watering eyes in coronavirus disease 2019. | to evaluate ocular symptoms in european non-hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) and to investigate associations with the demographic data as well as nasal and general physical symptoms. | 2020 | 32835793 |
| comparative tropism, replication kinetics, and cell damage profiling of sars-cov-2 and sars-cov with implications for clinical manifestations, transmissibility, and laboratory studies of covid-19: an observational study. | severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (sars-cov-2) was reported from china in january, 2020. sars-cov-2 is efficiently transmitted from person to person and, in 2 months, has caused more than 82 000 laboratory-confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) and 2800 deaths in 46 countries. the total number of cases and deaths has surpassed that of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov). although both covid-19 and severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars ... | 2020 | 32835326 |
| erythema multiforme in the context of sars-coronavirus-2 infection. | 2020 | 32835104 |