Publications

biological activity of neolignans on the post-embryonic development of chrysomya megacephala.	phytochemicals endowed with hormonal, antihormonal, or toxic activity are potential agents for insect control. the effect of some neolignans on one of the most prevalent flies in urban areas, which constitutes a menace to public health, was investigated.	2007	17067762
identification of necrophagous fly species using issr and scar markers.	necrophagous fly is the most common insect evidence collected during a death investigation. we analyzed the dna polymorphism among the five forensically important fly species, namely, lucilia sericata, aldrichina grahami, chrysomya megacephala, parasarcophaga crassipalpis and musca domestica using inter simple sequence repeat (issr) method. nine issr primers selected from 18 primers could amplify 105 clear and stable bands, of which 95 bands were polymorphic. some primers produced completely dif ...	2007	16949234
puparial case hydrocarbons of chrysomya megacephala as an indicator of the postmortem interval.	the puparial case is one of the most common 'stages' of necrophagous flies encountered in crime investigations of highly decomposed corpses. if methods for determining the weathering time of these puparial cases are developed, it is possible that the postmortem interval (pmi) could be estimated accordingly. gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (gc-ms) was used to determine the changes with the weathering time in cuticular hydrocarbons of the puparial cases of chrysomya megacephala i ...	2007	16930899
observations of the third instar larva and puparium of chrysomya bezziana (diptera: calliphoridae).	observations on the ultrastructure of the third instar larva and puparium of the old world screw-worm fly, chrysomya bezziana, are presented utilizing both light microscopy (lm) and scanning electron microscopy (sem). results of this study indicate that the shape of the intersegmental spines between the pro- and mesothorax markedly differ from other blow fly species (chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya rufifacies, chrysomya nigripes, lucilia cuprina) in being broad-based with sharp recurved tips. o ...	2006	16732438
diversity of calliphoridae (diptera) in brazil's tinguá biological reserve.	the calliphoridae are flies of great ecological, medical and sanitary importance because they are decomposers of organic matter, mechanical vectors of pathogenic agents, and causers of myiasis. this paper attempts to ascertain the diversity of calliphoridae in the tinguá biological reserve and correlate meteorological data (temperature, relative humidity of the air, and precipitation) with the occurrence of these flies. the study was conducted at a site in the tinguá biological reserve, located ...	2006	16680310
forensically important fly maggots in a floating corpse: the first case report in thailand.	the authors report herein the entomological evidence from the first documented forensic floating corpse in thailand. the male remains of unknown name and age was found in the waterside of a reservoir in lampang province, northern thailand. approximately 13-16 wounds resulting from sharp-edged material were found on the body. numerous third-instar of blowflies chrysomya megacephala (f) and chrysomya rufifacies macquart (diptera: calliphoridae) were collected, and the entomological evidence of the ...	2005	16519397
review of forensically important entomological specimens in the period of 1972 - 2002.	forensic entomological specimens received by the unit of medical entomology, imr., from hospitals and the police in malaysia in the last 3 decades (1972 - 2002) are reviewed. a total of 448 specimens were received. from these, 538 identifications were made with the following results: eighteen species of cyclorrphaga flies were identified consisting of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) 215 cases (47.99%), ch. rufifacies (masquart) 132 (29.46%), ch. villeneuvi patton 10 (2.23%), ch. nigripes auber ...	2004	16493401
susceptibility of musca domestica and chrysomya megacephala to permethrin and deltamethrin in thailand.	susceptibility to permethrin and deltamethrin was assessed in the house fly, musca domestica l., and blow fly chrysomya megacephala (f.). the laboratory strain of m. domestica was captured in muang district (downtown), chiang mai, northern thailand, and the field strains were collected from muang district, two agricultural areas of hang dong district and san khampaeng district. these strains displayed susceptibility to both permethrin and deltamethrin insecticides, with ld50 values of 0.0049, 0. ...	2005	16363164
effect of microwave irradiation on the blow fly chrysomya megacephala (f.) (diptera: calliphoridae).	chrysomya megacephala (f) is a blow fly species of medical importance, being pestiferous and a mechanical carrier of various microorganisms to human food. various strategies to reduce the fly population in endemic areas are needed. we investigated the effects of microwaves at 2,450 mhz, with third-instar exposure times of 7, 10, 15, 30 and 60 seconds on the larvae. survival of the larvae was monitored by their emergence. about 60% of the larvae lived after 7 seconds of exposure, most died by 15 ...	2005	16295541
nitric oxide production in blowfly hemolymph after yeast inoculation.	although insects lack the adaptive immune response of the mammalians, they manifest effective innate immune responses that include both cellular and humoral components. cellular responses are mediated by hemocytes and humoral responses include the activation of proteolytic cascades that initiate many events, including no production. in this work, we determined no production in chrysomya megacephala hemolymph and hemocytes after yeast inoculation. assays were performed with non-infected controls ...	2005	16125986
first report of human myiasis caused by chrysomya megacephala and chrysomya rufifacies (diptera: calliphoridae) in thailand, and its implication in forensic entomology.	we report a forensic entomology case associated with human myiasis in chiang mai province, northern thailand. the remains of a 53-yr-old-male were concurrently infested with third instars of the two blow fly species, chrysomya megacephala (f.) and chrysomya rufifacies (macquart), near a severe tumor lesion presented on the lower right leg. the presence of third instars, approximately 5 d old, on the day following postmortem indicated that myiasis occurred before death. this is the first report o ...	2005	16119563
larval morphology of chrysomya nigripes (diptera: calliphoridae), a fly species of forensic importance.	the morphology of all instars of chrysomya nigripes aubertin, a blow fly species of forensic importance, is presented with the aid of both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (sem). morphological features of the cephalopharyngeal skeleton, anterior spiracle, posterior spiracle, and dorsal spines between the prothorax and mesothorax are highlighted. no consistent features were found, even using sem, for distinguishing the first instar of c. nigripes from that of chrysomya megacephal ...	2005	15962769
morphology of the puparia of the housefly, musca domestica (diptera: muscidae) and blowfly, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae).	examination of the puparia of the housefly, musca domestica l. and blowfly chrysomya megacephala (f.), through scanning electron microscopy (sem), revealed many differences in the profile of their morphology. special attention was focused on puparial characteristics used to differentiate between the two fly species studied, and between other forensically important flies. results of this study indicate that the housefly puparia are almost evenly rounded at both ends and the anterior spiracle bear ...	2005	15864646
some ultrastructural superficial changes in house fly (diptera: muscidae) and blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae) larvae induced by eucalyptol oil.	the ultrastructural superficial changes in third instar house fly (musca domestica) and blow fly (chrysomya megacephala) induced by eucalyptol oil were observed using scanning electron microscopy. dipped in 0.902 g/ml eucalyptol for 30 sec, the larvae integument of both species showed significant aberrant appearance of the body surface, particularly swelling integument, bleb formation, partial breach and deformation of spines.	2004	15517029
[the study of the major sarcosaphagous flies in hohhot].	in order to determine the major species of sarcosaphagous flies and their regular activity on carcass in hohhot district.	2004	15495802
analysis of a conserved duplicated trna gene in the mitochondrial genome of blowflies.	the mtdna control region (cr) and flanking genes of the blowflies chrysomya albiceps, chrysomya megacephala and chrysomya chloropyga (calliphoridae) were characterized. the most unusual feature found was the presence of duplicated trna sequences corresponding to trni and a portion of trnq. the partially duplicated trnq was very likely a pseudogene since most of the sequence of the typical insect trnq gene was missing. in contrast, the trni gene had a conserved primary sequence following the dupl ...	2004	15363840
antennal sensilla of some forensically important flies in families calliphoridae, sarcophagidae and muscidae.	antennal sensilla of some forensically important fly species in the families calliphoridae (chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya rufifacies, chrysomya nigripes and lucilia cuprina), sarcophagidae (parasarcophaga dux) and muscidae (musca domestica) were studied using scanning electron microscopy. five types of sensilla were observed: trichoid, basiconic, coeloconic, styloconic and sensory pit. only trichoid sensilla are found on the scape of the antenna, while both trichoid and styloconic sensilla ar ...	2004	15288645
effects of eucalyptol on house fly (diptera: muscidae) and blow fly (diptera: calliphoridae).	the effects of eucalyptol were evaluated against the house fly, musca domestica l., and blow fly, chrysomya megacephala (f.). the bioassay of adults, using topical application, indicated that m. domestica males were more susceptible than females, with the ld50 being 118 and 177 microg/fly, respectively. a higher ld50 of c. megacephala was obtained; 197 microg/fly for males and 221 microg/fly for females. living flies of both species yielded a shorter life span after being treated with eucalyptol ...	2004	15141280
[parasitoids of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) collected in itumbiara, goias, brazil].	this study determined the species of parasitoids associated with chrysomya megacephala, collected on bovine kidney baits, in itumbiara, state of goias, brazil. the pupae were obtained by flotation. they were individually placed in gelatin capsules until the emergence of the adult flies or their parasitoids. the overall prevalence of parasitism was 18.6%. brachymeria podagrica, nasonia vitripennis and pachycrepoideus vindemiae presented frequencies of 8.6%, 8.6% and 1.4%, respectively. this work ...	2004	15122391
comparison of the effectiveness of baits used in traps for adult fly collection.	the effectiveness of 6 different baits used in fly traps for adult fly collection was compared in october-november, 2000, near the cafeteria of maharaj nakhon chiang mai hospital, chiang mai province, northern thailand. the baits used were fresh viscera (pork, beef and fish) and fresh meat (pork, beef and fish), with 500 g of each kind being used in each fly trap for each experiment. all were replicated four times. pork viscera yielded the highest effectiveness (35.2%), followed by fish meat (30 ...	2003	15115141
identification of forensically important fly eggs using a potassium permanganate staining technique.	fly eggs found in corpses can be utilized as entomological evidence in forensic investigations of deaths if the species of fly and the developmental rate at a temperature similar to the death scene are known. the species identification of fly eggs is particularly important, and previously, scanning electron microscope has been used for this purpose. herein, we report a simple technique, using light microscopy, to identify forensically important eggs of chrysomya rufifacies (macquart), chrysomya ...	2004	15006363
molecular identification of forensically important blow fly species (diptera: calliphoridae) in taiwan.	forensic entomology is a discipline that mainly uses insects collected in and around corpses to estimate the post-mortem interval in medicocriminal investigations. among all scavenger and necrophagous insect groups that are related to corpses, blow flies (diptera: calliphoridae) are probably most important, not only because they occur in abundant numbers but also because they are one of the earliest groups to find corpses. however, most entomological evidence is strongly dependent on accurate sp ...	2004	14989345
prestomal teeth of some flies of medical importance.	comparison of prestomal teeth of adult chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya rufifacies, chrysomya nigripes, lucilia cuprina, parasarcophaga dux and musca domestica was accomplished by use of scanning electron microscopy. the prestomal teeth of c. megacephala, c. rufifacies, l. cuprina and p. dux are all similar in appearance in having various degrees of bifurcation at their tips. in contrast, the tips of the prestomal teeth in c. nigripes are very shallowly serrated, but are comparatively more deepl ...	2003	14680932
[microhimenopteran parasitoids of chrysomya megacephala found in brazil].	the study was carried out with the purpose of identifying the main parasitoids of chrysomya megacephala in the city of rio de janeiro, brazil, given the importance of these flies as vectors of pathogenic agents in the urban environment. samplings were conducted every week from august 1999 to july 2000. the substrate used to grow fly pupae and to trap parasitoids was decomposing meat. it was identified three species of microhimenopterans: tachinaephagus zealandicus (encyrtidae), pachycrepoideus v ...	2003	14666314
larval morphology of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) using scanning electron microscopy.	the larval morphology of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) is presented using scanning electron microscopy (sem). extreme similarity of this species to chrysomya rufifacies (macquart), a species usually found concurrently inhabiting decomposing human corpses in thailand, is seen only in the first-instar larvae. the relative thickness of the branches of the posterior spiracular hairs in these species could be used to differentiate them in this developmental stage. in contrast, the "hairy" appeara ...	2003	12831128
mitochondrial dna cytochrome oxidase i gene: potential for distinction between immature stages of some forensically important fly species (diptera) in western australia.	forensic entomology requires the fast and accurate identification of insects collected from a corpse for estimation of the postmortem interval (pmi). identification of specimens is traditionally performed using morphological features of the insect. morphological identification may be complicated however by the numerical diversity of species and physical similarity between different species, particularly in immature stages. in this study, sequencing was performed to study the mitochondrial dna (m ...	2003	12590052
sarcosaprophagous flies in suez province, egypt. i--seasonal distribution and sex-ratio.	seasonal field studies on 4 bait traps (fish, bovine-lung, grapes and molasses) were conducted in el-arbaeen fish-market, el-arbaeen district, suez governorate egypt in 1999 and 2000 to describe the pattern and sex-ratio of sarcosaprophagous flies. the presence of sarcosaprophagous flies (calliphoridae, muscidae and sarcophagidae) revealed that chrysomya megacephala (fabricius), lucilia cuprina (wiedemann) and musca domestica (linnaeus) were the most dominant flies. almost equal number of male a ...	2002	12512819
larvicidal effects of mineral turpentine, low aromatic white spirits, aqueous extracts of cassia alata, and aqueous extracts, ethanolic extracts and essential oil of betel leaf (piper betle) on chrysomya megacephala.	many methods have been employed, with variable success, in the treatment of cutaneous myiasis caused by chrysomya species.	2002	12492975
[muscoid dipterans as helminth eggs mechanical vectors at the zoological garden, brazil].	to assess muscoid dipterae species who are able to carry helminth eggs and larvae and to evaluate the potential contamination of trapped dipterae.	2002	12471387
flies (calliphoridae, muscidae) and beetles (silphidae) from human cadavers in cali, colombia.	adult specimens of cochliomyia macellaria, chrysomya megacephala, ch. rufifacies, lucilia sp. (calliphoridae), musca domestica (muscidae), oxelytrum discicolle (silphidae) and sarcophagidae were recovered from 12 human cadavers in cali, valle, colombia. information regarding these findings is presented.	2002	11992165
distinction among the puparia of three blowfly species (diptera: calliphoridae) frequently found on unburied corpses.	calliphorid larvae are important in the decomposition of carrion. since these larvae are present in the primary stages of succession on carcasses, they may be important indicators of death time and the movement of corpses in homicide investigations. in this study we examined the morphological differences among puparia of chrysomya megacephala, c. putoria and cochliomyia macellaria. puparia of the three species (n=30, each) were obtained from the f2 generation bred in culture medium at 25 degrees ...	2001	11562702
mechanical carrier of bacterial enteric pathogens by chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae) in chiang mai, thailand.	chrysomya megacephala was studied regarding its mechanically bacterial carrier in urban areas of chiang mai, northern thailand. fifty-six adult flies were randomly collected using sweep insect net during april-may, 1999 from 3 fresh food markets and examined for bacteriological isolation. among them, 49 flies (87.5%) were bacterial carriers. the total 22 bacterial species and 8 groups were isolated. three species previously reported as the bacterial enteric pathogens causing diarrheal disease we ...	2000	11414447
c-banding and fish in chromosomes of the blow flies chrysomya megacephala and chrysomya putoria (diptera, calliphoridae).	the blow flies chrysomya putoria and c. megacephala have 2n=12 chromosomes, five metacentric pairs of autosomes and an xx/xy sex chromosome pair. there are no substantial differences in the karyotype morphology of these two species, except for the x chromosome which is subtelocentric in c. megacephala and metacentric in c. putoria and is about 1.4 times longer in c. putoria. all autosomes were characterized by the presence of a c band in the pericentromeric region; c. putoria also has an interst ...	2001	11313646
a study of cutaneous myiasis in sri lanka.	cutaneous myiasis (cm) due to diptera fly larvae shows different patterns in different regions. many modalities of treatment have been described. the objectives of our study were to identify the species causing cm in sri lanka, the common sites of infestation, and the contributory factors, and to assess some treatment modalities, in particular mineral turpentine and certain herbal preparations.	2000	11044194
[larval competition in chrysomya megacephala (f.) (diptera: calliphoridae): effects of different levels of larval aggregation on estimates of weight, fecundity and reproductive investment].	in insects that utilize patchy and ephemeral resources for feeding and egg laying, the outcome of larval competition for food resources depends on the amount of resources and the spatial distribution of immatures among patches of food. in the present study, the results of larval competition for food in chrysomya megacephala, in traits such as female weight, fecundity and reproductive investment, were different in situations where the level of larval aggregation (proportion of competitors per amo ...	2000	10959102
isolations of enteric pathogens from synanthropic flies trapped in downtown kuala lumpur.	four species of synanthropic flies were trapped in downtown kuala lumpur: chrysomya megacephala, chrysomya rufifacies, musca domestica, and musca sorbens. burkholderia pseudomallei, the organism causing melioidosis, was the dominant bacteria isolated from chrysomya megacephala. klebsiella oxytoca, commonly associated with nosocomial infections, was commonly isolated from chrysomya megacephala, musca domestica, and musca sorbens. aeromonas hydrophila, the bacteria causing gastroenteritis, was pre ...	2000	10925800
evolution and structural organisation of mitochondrial dna control region of myiasis-causing flies.	this study reports the molecular characterization of the mtdna control region (called the a+t-rich region in insects) of five dipteran species which cause myiasis: cochliomyia hominivorax coquerel, cochliomyia macellaria fabricius, chrysomya megacephala fabricius, lucilia eximia wiedemann (diptera: calliphoridae) and dermatobia hominis linnaeus jr (diptera: oestridae). the control region in these species varies in length from 1000 to 1600 bp. two structural domains with specific evolutionary pat ...	2000	10759315
[trophic niches in calyptrate diptera in rio de janeiro, rj].	niche breadth and niche overlap of flies were estimated. the flies were breeding in different environments in rio de janerio (rural, urban and forest). it were used as a larvae substrate: banana mashed, mouse carcass, fish (sardine), bovine liver, shrimp and fresh human faeces. it were bred 14,294 flies, belonging to four families: calliphoridae, fanniidae, muscidae and sarcophagidae. the greater niche overlap values observed were: rural area: phaenicia cuprina versus chrysomya megacephala; urba ...	1998	9987210
[the synanthropy of the calliphorids (insecta, diptera) of curitiba, paraná, brazil].	the calliphorids synantropics were studied in three different environments--urban, rural and forest area--in metropolitan region of curitiba, paraná, brazil during october and december of 1996 to estimate the abundance, preferences of the adults to baits (fresh fish, bird liver and human faeces) and the synanthropic index for the most abundant species. a total of 3399 calliphorids of 13 different species were sampled: phaenicia eximia (wiedemann, 1819), phaenicia cuprina (wiedemann, 1818), phaen ...	1998	9697653
pupal parasitoids (hymenoptera:pteromalidae) of filth flies (diptera:muscidae, calliphoridae) breeding in refuse and poultry and livestock manure in south korea.	five species of hymenopterous parasitoids were found parasitizing pupae of house flies, musca domestica l., in poultry and livestock facilities, refuse dump sites, and garbage dumpsters: spalangia nigroaenea curtis, s. nigra (latrielle), muscidifurax raptor girault & sanders, pachycrepoideus vindemiae (rondani), and nasonia vitripennis (walker). four hymenopterous parasitoids (s. nigroaenea, s. nigra, m. raptor and p. vindemiae) were recovered from the pupae of stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans ...	1997	9086716
feeding preference of the larvae of chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae) and ravinia belforti (prado e fonseca) (diptera: sarcophagidae) concerning different diets.		1996	8734964
[behavior of caliptrate diptera in relation to oviposition substrates under laboratory conditions in rio de janeiro, rj, brazil].	how adult females of calyptrate diptera recognize the appropriate breeding substrate is a matter of controversy. among holometabolic insects, the feeding opportunities of immature stages are generally determined by the adult female choice of an oviposition site. the ovipositional and larvipositional substrate preference for the synanthropic flies (chrysomya megacephala, c. putoria, phaenicia cuprina: calliphoridae; atherigona orientalis, synthesiomyia nudiseta: muscidae; ravinia belforti, parasa ...	1996	8734963
theoretical dynamics of experimental populations of introduced and native blowflies (diptera:calliphoridae).	equilibrium dynamics in experimental populations of chrysomya megacephala (f.) and c. putoria (wiedemann), which have recently invaded the americas, and the native species cochliomyia macellaria (f.), were investigated using nonlinear difference equations. a theoretical analysis of the mathematical model using bifurcation theory established the combination of demographic parameters responsible for producing shifts in blowfly population dynamics from stable equilibria to bounded cycles and aperio ...	1996	8699446
dynamics of a mathematical model of chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae).	the laboratory population dynamics of chrysomya megacephala (f.) was explored with a mathematical model of density-dependent growth. fecundity and survival decreased significantly as a function of larval density. parameters in the exponential regressions fitted to the fecundity and survival data were incorporated into a finite-difference equation that incorporates the delayed effect of larval density on fecundity and survival of adults. the theoretical population model of c. megacephala showed c ...	1993	8459422
traps and baits for flies (diptera) on pacific islands.	studies conducted on oahu, hi, and on islands of the kwajalein atoll, marshall islands, demonstrated that adult house flies, musca domestica l., were attracted to a mixture of cooked rice and chicken and to a commercial bait, whereas adults of chrysomya megacephala f. and musca sorbens wiedemann were attracted to shark fluids or to ripe breadfruit. m. domestica and m. sorbens could be captured in standard inverted-cone traps, whereas c. megacephala could be captured in traps fitted with horizont ...	1994	7815393
toxicity and anticholinesterase activity of two halogenated phosphorothioates to boettcherisca peregrina and chrysomya megacephala.		1971	5558262
behaviour of chrysomya megacephala (fabr.) and hemipyrellia ligurriens (wied.) as parasites of living animals under experimental conditions.		1971	5170490
chrysomya megacephala (f.) (diptera: calliphoridae) collected in north america and notes on chrysomya species present in the new world.		1988	3392717
the role of some cyclorrhaphan flies as carriers of human helminths in malaysia.	the role of some adult flies (diptera: cyclorrhapha) as carriers of helminth parasites of man was studied at four sites in malaysia: a refuse dump, where no helminth-positive flies were detected, and in three peri-domestic situations where four species of flies carried up to three types of nematodes. the dominant fly species chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) carried eggs of the roundworm ascaris lumbricoides l., the pinworm trichuris trichiura (l.) and hookworm on the adult external body surface ...	1988	2980156
evaluation of some adhesives for collecting musca domestica and chrysomya megacephala adults or mosquito larvae in sticky traps.	1. seven types of water-insoluble adhesives were evaluated in sticky traps for collecting adults of musca domestica l. and chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) or mosquito larvae (aedes aegypti (l.) and culex quinquefasciatus say). 2. adhesive viscosity affected the tackiness of the glues and this determined their trapping efficiency in air or water. 3. from the 'hyvis' range of adhesives tested, 'hyvis 200' was most effective for trapping adult flies. 4. with 24 h exposure to fourth instar ae.aegy ...	1987	2979541
detection of organophosphate poisoning in a putrefying body by analyzing arthropod larvae.	deaths as a result of organophosphate poisoning are usually detected by analysis of body fluids and tissues for the presence of the toxic agent. these procedures present particular difficulties when performed on remains in an advanced stage of decomposition. malathion poisoning was suspected in a case in which the remains were in an advanced stage of decomposition and the presence of malathion was confirmed by analyses of gastric content and body fat. two species of fly larvae, chrysomya megacep ...	1989	2738573
ovarian development in the blowflies chrysomya putoria and c. megacephala on natural diets.	fresh human, chicken and cattle faeces were compared as diets for adult female blowflies chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) and c.putoria (wiedemann) (diptera: calliphoridae). as controls, sugar and raw beef liver were used. for females of both species, fresh beef liver was the best of these diets: oogenesis was completed in 10-13 days. human or chicken faeces facilitated slower oogenesis in 27-48 days. on a diet of cattle faeces, c.putoria females began vitellogenesis only 17 days after emergenc ...	1989	2519675
effects of larval population density on rates of development and interactions between two species of chrysomya (diptera: calliphoridae) in laboratory culture.	rearing of chrysomya megacephala (f.) and chrysomya rufifacies (macquart) in pure cultures at seven different population densities (larvae per gram of liver) demonstrated an inverse relationship between density and the duration of the larval stage. in pure cultures, larval mortality rates decreased with increasing density until an optimum density was reached (8 larvae/g liver for c. megacephala and 10 larvae/g liver for c. rufifacies), then decreased directly with density. puparial and adult wei ...	1990	2332878
dioptrics of the facet lenses of male blowflies calliphora and chrysomyia.	1. the dioptrics of the facet lenses of two blowfly species, calliphora erythrocephala and chrysomyia megacephala, was investigated. measurements were performed on facet lenses ranging in diameter from 20 to 80 microns. 2. the radius of curvature of the front surface of the facet lenses, measured by microreflectometry, increases approximately linearly with the facet lens diameter. 3. the optical path difference of the facet lens and water, measured by interference microscopy, depends on the dist ...	1990	2324995
phoretic association between macrocheles muscaedomesticae (acari: macrochelidae) and flies inhabiting poultry manure in peninsular malaysia.	the phoretic association between macrocheles muscaedomesticae and flies that inhabited poultry manure in a poultry farm in sungai buloh, selangor, malaysia was studied. the effects of temperature, relative humidity and fly abundance on phoretic rates also were investigated. the most abundant fly species found was musca domestica; musca sorbens, chrysomyia megacephala and ophyra chalcogaster were present in relatively large numbers. representatives of ten families of mites were found on collected ...	1990	2279455
survey of microhymenoptera (hymenoptera: chalcidoidea) parasitizing filth flies (diptera: muscidae, calliphoridae) breeding in refuse and poultry farms in peninsular malaysia.	nine species of parasitoids were found parasitizing the pupae of filth flies breeding in refuse dumps and poultry farms throughout peninsular malaysia. spalangia were most common, consisting of spalangia endius walker, s. cameroni perkins, s. gemina boucek, s. nigroaenea curtis, and two undescribed species. other parasitoids collected were pachycrepoideus vindemmiae rondani, dirhinus himalayanus westwood, and an unidentified hymenoptera. the parasitized fly hosts included musca domestica l., chr ...	1990	2231622
a comparison of the role of musca domestica (linnaeus) and chrysomya megacephala (fabricius) as mechanical vectors of helminthic parasites in a typical slum area of metropolitan manila.	a total of 1,016 flies (508 each for musca domestica and chrysomya megacephala) were collected from a typical urban slum area (barangay 51, pasay city, metropolitan manila) in the philippines and examined for the presence of helminth ova attached to their external surfaces. a significantly greater proportion of c. megacephala (41.9%) was found positive compared to m. domestica (9.4%). c. megacephala also exhibited a significantly higher average egg load (11.9 eggs per positive fly) than m. domes ...	1991	1948283
chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae) has reached the continental united states: review of its biology, pest status, and spread around the world.	chrysomya megacephala (f.), an old world calliphorid of considerable public health importance, was first discovered in brazil in 1977 and is now widely distributed in latin america. reports that this species has become established in southern california, and the collection of a specimen in texas, suggest that c. megacephala may be expanding its range rapidly in north america. the biology and worldwide spread of this pest are reviewed to alert entomologists and public health workers to this growi ...	1991	1875378
spread in south africa of the oriental latrine fly chrysomya megacephala. (fabricius) (diptera: calliphoridae), an introduced species closely resembling chrysomya bezziana villeneuve.	chrysomya megacephala, also known as the oriental latrine fly, is indigenous to south-east asia. during the 1970's it successfully invaded africa and south america, and more recently during the 1980's also established itself in the united states of america. although the first specimens from south africa were collected from the south-western cape province in 1978, no published data appears to exist on its subsequent spread or status in southern africa. during may 1991 a specimen of c. megacephala ...	1991	1780133
base-line susceptibility of the oriental latrine fly, chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae), to five insectides.	susceptibility to five insecticides was assessed on seven colonies of the oriental latrine fly, chrysomya megacephala (fabricius), originating from japan, hong kong, philippines, indonesia and papua new guinea, and on c. saffranèa (bigot) from png. all the colonies were susceptible to fenitrothion, diazinon, dichlorvos, permethrin and gamma-hch, although the jakarta, manila and tokyo colonies of c.megacephala were least susceptible (most tolerant) to diazinon, dichlorvos and permethrin. feral fo ...	1991	1722727
presence of fecal material in diapers as a potential source of error in estimations of postmortem interval using arthropod development rates.	second instar larvae of the fly chrysomya megacephala (diptera, calliphoridae) were recovered from the diapers of a 16-month-old child abandoned by her mother on oahu, hawaii. the development of these larvae indicated a minimum period of 23.5 h of exposure prior to discovery of the child. larvae of this species of fly are not normally associated with living tissues in hawaii, but rather with feces and remains during the early stages of decomposition. had the child in this case died and data not ...	1991	1683361
cytomorphology of the ring gland and its relation with the stomatogastric nervous system in adult fly, chrysomyia megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae).		1975	1157524
a survey of houseflies in bangkok and neighboring provinces.	a survey of flies in bangkok and neighboring province revelaed that among 8,675 flies collected there were 10 genera and 18 species of flies, eg. musca domestica, m. bezzii, m. conducens, m. nebulo, chrysomyia megacephala, c. rufifacies, phaenicia sericata, p. cuprina, sarcophaga ruficornis, s. peregrina, s. orchidae, s. albiceps, megaselia scalaris, lispe orientalis, anaclysta flexa, morellia hortensia, hemipyrellia ligurriens and orthellia coeruleifrons. musca mostly bred in low-protein conten ...	1976	1027114
thiourea-induced sterility in chrysomya megacephala (diptera: calliphoridae) by pupal and adult treatments.		1979	120898