Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| pyridalyl inhibits cellular protein synthesis in insect, but not mammalian, cell lines. | to gain insight into the mechanism of action and selectivity of the insecticidal activity of pyridalyl, the cytotoxicity of pyridalyl against various insect and mammalian cell lines was characterized by measuring the inhibition of cellular protein synthesis. when the effect of pyridalyl on the cellular protein synthesis in sf9 cells was evaluated by measuring the incorporation of [(3)h]leucine, rapid and significant inhibition of protein synthesis was observed. however, pyridalyl did not inhibit ... | 2008 | 18454491 |
| antifeedant and larvicidal effects of plant extracts against spodoptera litura (f.), aedes aegypti l. and culex quinquefasciatus say. | a screening for larvicidal activity of plant extracts with some known medicinal attributes could lead to the discovery of new agents for pest and vector control. in the backdrop of recent revival of interest in developing plant-based insecticides, the present study was carried out to evaluate the larvicidal properties in three medicinal plants growing abundantly in the region of chitheri hills, dharmapuri district, india. antifeedant and larvicidal activity of the acetone, chloroform, ethyl acet ... | 2008 | 18437424 |
| expression and activity of a probable toxin from photorhabdus luminescens. | as an insect pathogen, photorhabdus luminescens possesses an arsenal of toxins. here we cloned and expressed a probable toxin from p. luminescens subsp. akhurstii ynd185, designated as photorhabdus insecticidal toxin (pit). the pit gene shares 94% nucleotide and 98% predicted amino acid sequence identity with plu1537, a predicted orf from p. luminescens subsp. laumondii tt01 and 30% predicted amino acid sequence similarity to a fragment of a 13.6 kda insecticidal crystal protein gene of bacillus ... | 2009 | 18409059 |
| constitutive expression of arabidopsis npr1 confers enhanced resistance to the early instars of spodoptera litura in transgenic tobacco. | in arabidopsis, npr1 (atnpr1) regulates salicylic acid (sa)-mediated activation of pr genes at the onset of systemic acquired resistance. atnpr1 also modulates sa-induced suppression of jasmonic acid-responsive gene expression, and npr1 mutants manifest enhanced herbivore resistance. we have raised stable transgenic tobacco lines, expressing atnpr1 constitutively, which showed elevated expression of pr1 and pr2 genes upon sa treatment. herbivore bioassays with a generalist polyphagous pest, spod ... | 2008 | 18397206 |
| oxidative stress induced by destruxin from metarhizium anisopliae (metch.) involves changes in glutathione and ascorbate metabolism and instigates ultrastructural changes in the salivary glands of spodoptera litura (fab.) larvae. | the cyclodepsipeptidic mycotoxin, destruxin, produced by metarhizium anisopliae is known for its larvicidal properties. the crude destruxin-treated spodoptera litura larvae revealed a decrease in thiol content and an increment in oxidation of glutathione to glutathione disulfide and ascorbate to dehydro ascorbate in a dose- and time-dependent manner. an increase in the levels of protein carbonyls and the free radicals, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical was also observed. these provide a cle ... | 2008 | 18339414 |
| expression of a synthetic cry1ec gene for resistance against spodoptera litura in transgenic peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). | the tobacco cutworm (spodoptera litura) is a polyphagous foliage insect and a major pest on peanut (arachis hypogaea l.). s. litura is susceptible to the chimeric delta-endotoxin cry1ec reported earlier. de-embryonated cotyledon explants of peanut were transformed using agrobacterium tumefaciens strain eha101 harboring a synthetic cry1ec gene driven by the camv 35s promoter. transgenic plants of peanut with a single copy insertion of cry1ec were selected in the t(0) generation by southern blot h ... | 2008 | 18320194 |
| tmg-chitotriomycin, an enzyme inhibitor specific for insect and fungal beta-n-acetylglucosaminidases, produced by actinomycete streptomyces anulatus nbrc 13369. | a novel beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase (glcnacase) inhibitor named tmg-chitotriomycin (1) was isolated from the culture filtrate of streptomyces anulatus nbrc13369. the strain produced 1 only when colloidal chitin was used as the sole carbon source in the production medium. the structure of 1 was determined by spectral and constitutive sugar analyses of the corresponding alditol derivatives to be an equilibrated mixture of alpha-d-n,n,n-trimeglcnh2-(1,4)-beta-d-glcnac-(1,4)-beta-d-glcnac-(1,4)-d-g ... | 2008 | 18307344 |
| tri-trophic effects of transgenic insect-resistant tobacco expressing a protease inhibitor or a biotin-binding protein on adults of the predatory carabid beetle ctenognathus novaezelandiae. | tri-trophic impacts on adult predatory carabid beetles, ctenognathus novaezelandiae, of insect-resistant transgenic tobacco plants expressing a serine protease inhibitor, bovine spleen trypsin inhibitor (bsti), or a biotin-binding protein, avidin, were investigated. both proteins could potentially affect this beetle, since avidin is known to be insecticidal to many beetle species and c. novaezelandiae midguts were shown to contain high levels of trypsin, a protease powerfully inhibited by bovine ... | 2008 | 18199450 |
| expression of two heterologous proteins depends on the mode of expression: comparison of in vivo and in vitro methods. | the yield of two proteins, avidin and green fluorescent protein (gfp), expressed from a modified autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv), was compared in sf9 cell culture monolayer, sf21 cell suspension culture and intact spodoptera litura larvae. gfp expressed from the p10 promoter yielded up to 1.5% of total soluble protein in larvae, 20-fold higher than that in monolayer suspension culture. avidin, expressed from the polh promoter, yielded up to 2.3% of total soluble protein in l ... | 2008 | 18175154 |
| distinctive presence of peritracheal athrocytes in bombyx mori l. and bombyx mandarina m. as compared to their absence in several other lepidopteran species. | pericardial cells are present in a wide variety of insects and are thought to constitute the majority of 'athrocytes (nephrocytes)'. in contrast, peritracheal athrocytes have only been observed in bombyx mori l. although peritracheal athrocytes have a distinct morphology, it is unknown whether these cells are common to all lepidopterans. we anatomically compared eight lepidopteran species: bombyx mori l. and bombyx mandarina m. (bombycidae); samia cynthia ricini d. (saturniidae); agrius convolvu ... | 2006 | 18089062 |
| pathogen resistance of transgenic tobacco plants producing caffeine. | caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a typical purine alkaloid, and produced by a variety of plants such as coffee and tea. its physiological function, however, is not completely understood, but chemical defense against pathogens and herbivores, and allelopathic effects against competing plant species have been proposed. previously, we constructed transgenic tobacco plants, which produced caffeine up to 5 microg per gram fresh weight of leaves, and showed them to repel caterpillars of tobacco c ... | 2008 | 18036626 |
| functional analysis of polyphenol oxidases by antisense/sense technology. | polyphenol oxidases (ppos) catalyze the oxidation of phenolics to quinones, the secondary reactions of which lead to oxidative browning and postharvest losses of many fruits and vegetables. ppos are ubiquitous in angiosperms, are inducible by both biotic and abiotic stresses, and have been implicated in several physiological processes including plant defense against pathogens and insects, the mehler reaction, photoreduction of molecular oxygen by psi, regulation of plastidic oxygen levels, auron ... | 2007 | 17960074 |
| insecticidal activity of destruxin, a mycotoxin from metarhizium anisopliae (hypocreales), against spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larval stages. | the cyclodepsipeptide destruxin produced by the entomopathogen metarhizium anisopliae (metch.) was administered by different methods, topical application, ingestion and a combination of the two, in an attempt to minimize the mycotoxin dose for efficient management of the insect pest spodoptera litura (fab.). | 2008 | 17935266 |
| purification and characterization of native and recombinant sapin2a, a plant sieve element-localized proteinase inhibitor. | sapin2a encodes a proteinase inhibitor in nightshade (solanum americanum), which is specifically localized to the enucleate sieve elements. it has been proposed to play an important role in phloem development by regulating proteolysis in sieve elements. in this study, we purified and characterized native sapin2a from nightshade stems and recombinant sapin2a expressed in escherichia coli. purified native sapin2a was found as a charge isomer family of homodimers, and was weakly glycosylated. nativ ... | 2007 | 17870592 |
| effect of sweet flag rhizome oil (acorus calamus) on hemogram and ultrastructure of hemocytes of the tobacco armyworm, spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | effect of the essential oil of acorus calamus l. rhizomes, was studied on hemocytes of the tobacco armyworm, spodoptera litura. the oil was administered in oral application at concentration of 500 and 1000 ppm to last instar larvae of s. litura and its effect on ultrastructure of hemocytes and hemogram was evaluated. the oil was administered in topical application at 250 microg dose to pupae to ascertain its effect on total and differential hemocyte counts. at both scanning (sem) and transmissio ... | 2008 | 17826115 |
| [pathogenicity of several fungal species on spodoptera litura]. | the virulence test of five species of entomogenous fungi beauveria brongniartii, beauveria bassiana, paecilomyces fumosoroseus, metarhizium anisopliae and nomuraea rileyi to spodoptera litura larvae showed that b. brongniartii and n. rileyi had evident pathogenic effects on s. litura, with the lt50 value to s. litura 2nd instars being 2.95 and 4.10 days, and the corrected accumulative mortality of the instars being 100% and 95.2%, respectively. the virulence of b. brongniartii and n. rileyi to t ... | 2007 | 17615897 |
| characterization of bacillus thuringiensis cry toxin binding novel gpi anchored aminopeptidase from fat body of the moth spodoptera litura. | aminopeptidase n (apn) isoforms were identified as candidate receptors for bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins from the midgut of several insect species. in this study a partial cdna encoding aminopeptidase (slfbapn) was cloned from fat body of the moth spodoptera litura. in the deduced amino acid sequence the characteristic metallopeptidase sequences, hexxhx(18)e and gamenwg were conserved but the sequence showed only 33-39% identity to other insect apns, which were also reported to be cry toxin ... | 2007 | 17609853 |
| characterization of a eukaryotic type serine/threonine kinase in spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus-i (spltnpv-i). | an open reading frame (orf) of 819nt coding for a predicted protein of 272 amino acids was identified in the genome of spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltnpv-i). sequence derived amino acid sequence analysis of this orf suggested it to be a eukaryotic type protein kinase having conserved i-xi subdomains of hanks kinase. in addition to kinase catalytic domains, this hypothetical protein had two bromodomains which could play regulatory roles in transcription. the orf was expressed as appr ... | 2007 | 17553586 |
| serine/threonine kinase dependent transcription from the polyhedrin promoter of spltnpv-i. | polyhedrin (polh) and p10 are the two hyper-expressed very late genes of nucleopolyhedroviruses. alpha amanitin resistant transcription from spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltnpv-i) polyhedrin promoter was observed with virus infected nuclear extract of niv-ha-197 cells but not with that from uninfected nuclear extract. anti-protein kinase-1 (pk1) antibody inhibited the transcription and the inhibition reversed on addition of pk1, however, pk1 mutant protein, k50m having no phosphoryla ... | 2007 | 17512903 |
| influence of cytochrome c on apoptosis induced by anagrapha (syngrapha) falcifera multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (afmnpv) in insect spodoptera litura cells. | we investigated the influence of cytochrome c on apoptosis induced by anagrapha (syngrapha) falcifera multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (afmnpv). microscopic observation revealed that infection of sl-1 cells with afmnpv resulted in apoptosis, displaying apoptotic bodies in fluorescent-stained nuclei of afmnpv-infected sl-1cells. western blot analysis demonstrated that afmnpv-induced apoptosis in insect sl-1 cells was significantly inhibited by cyclosporin a which blocked a translocation of cyt ... | 2007 | 17478109 |
| purification and characterization of aminopeptidase n from spodoptera litura expressed in sf21 insect cells. | insecticidal crystal proteins produced by strains of bacillus thuringiensis cause larval death upon interaction with specific receptors located at the midgut epithelium of susceptible insects. large quantities of easily purified aminopeptidase and cadherin-like cry toxin receptors can facilitate the further study of cry toxin binding and pore formation. here, we report the solubilisation and purification of aminopeptidase n from spodoptera litura (slapn). recombinantly expressed and membrane anc ... | 2007 | 17467291 |
| cloning, functional characterization, and mode of action of a novel insecticidal pore-forming toxin, sphaericolysin, produced by bacillus sphaericus. | an insecticidal protein produced by bacillus sphaericus a3-2 was purified to elucidate its structure and mode of action. the active principle purified from the culture broth of a3-2 was a protein with a molecular mass of 53 kda that rapidly intoxicated german cockroaches (blattela germanica) at a dose of about 100 ng when injected. the insecticidal protein sphaericolysin possessed the undecapeptide motif of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins and had a unique n-terminal sequence. the recombinant pr ... | 2007 | 17400778 |
| efficiency of thai derris extract and cypermethrin: toxicity and detoxification enzyme mechanism in the tropical armyworm, spodoptera litura f. | this research was elucidated the toxicity and detoxification enzyme mechanism of botanical insecticide (thai derris extract; derris eliptica benth) and synthetic insecticide (cypermethrin) in tropical armyworm (spodoptera litura f.) by larvae dipping method. derris is extraction by soxhlet's apparatus with ethanol solvent. toxicity in terms of lc50 value against 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instar larvae indicated that the toxicity of derris extract ca. 3.79, 9.51, 37.63, 94.49 and 158.37 and cype ... | 2006 | 17385498 |
| genetic transformation of chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) with insecticidal crystal protein gene using particle gun bombardment. | here, we report the establishment of an efficient particle gun bombardment mediated genetic transformation in chickpea (cicer arietinum l.) using cryiac gene of bacillus thuringiensis. explants were bombarded with recombinant plasmids engineered for the expression of cryiac transgene in plants and stable transformants regenerated in presence of benzyladenine, kinetin and kanamycin. transformation frequency showed dependence on explant type, cultivars, plasmids, helium pressure and microcarrier t ... | 2007 | 17205334 |
| enhanced production of azadirachtin by hairy root cultures of azadirachta indica a. juss by elicitation and media optimization. | azadirachtin is one of the most potent biopesticides so far developed from a plant sources. influence of different culture media and elicitation on growth and production of azadirachtin by hairy root cultures of azadirachta indica was studied. out of the three media tested, namely ohyama and nitsch, gamborg's and murashige and skoog's basal media, hairy roots cultured on ohyama and nitsch's basal medium produced maximum yield of azadirachtin (0.0166% dry weight, dw). addition of biotic elicitor ... | 2007 | 17109981 |
| transgenic tobacco plants producing caffeine: a potential new strategy for insect pest control. | caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is one of the most widely used plant secondary metabolites, primarily as a stimulant and an ingredient in drugs. in nature, caffeine is believed to function in chemical defense, acting as an antiherbivory and allelopathic agent, and therefore it might be employed to protect agriculturally important crop plants. in coffee plants, caffeine is synthesized from the precursor xanthosine in four steps, three n-methylations and removal of ribose. we had previously iso ... | 2006 | 17091387 |
| functional role of the cytoplasmic tail domain of the major envelope fusion protein of group ii baculoviruses. | f proteins from baculovirus nucleopolyhedrovirus (npv) group ii members are the major budded virus (bv) viral envelope fusion proteins. they undergo furin-like proteolysis processing in order to be functional. f proteins from different baculovirus species have a long cytoplasmic tail domain (ctd), ranging from 48 (spodoptera litura multicapsid npv [mnpv]) to 78 (adoxophyes honmai npv) amino acid (aa) residues, with a nonassigned function. this ctd is much longer than the ctd of gp64-like envelop ... | 2006 | 17071930 |
| absolute configuration of volicitin from the regurgitant of lepidopteran caterpillars and biological activity of volicitin-related compounds. | volicitin [n-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-l-glutamine] and n-linolenoyl-l-glutamine are known as insect-produced plant volatile elicitors. the absolute configuration of the hydroxylinolenoyl moiety of volicitin from three noctuid species, helicoverpa armigera, mythimna separata and spodoptera litura, was determined to be all 17s in high enantiomeric excess. when treated with 30 pmol of (17s)- and (17r)-volicitin, corn seedlings were induced to release volatiles, there being no significant difference i ... | 2006 | 16960380 |
| insecticidal, antifeedant and oviposition deterrent effects of the essential oil and individual compounds from leaves of chloroxylon swietenia dc. | essential oil from the leaves of chloroxylon swietenia dc. was obtained by hydrodistillation and cold extraction, and the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the major identified components were limonene, geijerene, pregeijerene, germacrene d and trans-beta-ocimene. laboratory bioassays of the essential oil and four constituents of essential oil isolates were evaluated for insecticidal, antifeedant and oviposition deterrent effects ... | 2006 | 16847821 |
| direct infection of spodoptera litura by photorhabdus luminescens encapsulated in alginate beads. | actively growing cultures of photorhabdus luminescens were encapsulated in sodium alginate beads and examined for their ability to infect insect hosts. these beads, containing approximately 2.5 x 10(7)photorhabdus cells per bead, when mixed with sterilized soil and exposed to spodoptera litura larvae resulted in 100% mortality in 48 h, while the use of alginate encapsulated heterorhabditis nematode resulted in 40% mortality after 72 h. the bacteria were reisolated from the dead insect thus provi ... | 2006 | 16828112 |
| insect resistance in tomato accessions and their hybrid derivatives in tamil nadu, india. | host plant resistance offers a viable alternative to the use of chemical insecticides for managing insects infesting tomato. hence, a study was carried out in tamil nadu, india during 1996 to 2004. an exhaustive germplasm comprising 321 tomato accessions including cultivars, wild lines, land races, tribal/native tomatoes was gathered from various sources and screened for resistance against the major pest namely fruit worm, helicoverpa armigera hubner (noctuidae: lepidoptera). in the field screen ... | 2005 | 16628895 |
| [effects of helper protein p20 from bacillus thuringiensis on vip3a expression]. | insecticidal crystal proteins (icps) produced in bacillus thuringiensis accumulate as crystalline inclusions that represent up to 30% of total dry weight the cell produces. the mechanisms of in vivo crystallization of these insecticidal proteins remain interests, yet unclear. a 20-kda protein (p20), the product of the third open reading frame of cry11a operon in b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis has been defined to be an important molecular chaperone (helper protein) for forming cyt1a crystal ... | 2006 | 16579471 |
| identification of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus orf97, a novel protein associated with envelope of occlusion-derived virus. | open reading frame (orf) 97 of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (splt97) is a member of 11k gene family (interpro database accession number: ipr009313) in insect viruses, potentially encoding 112 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 13.2 kda. sequence analysis indicated that splt97 has 8-50% amino acid identity with the homologues of other known baculoviruses including autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) orf108. splt97 transcription in s ... | 2006 | 16525738 |
| identification and characterization of odv-e25 of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. | spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) odv-e25 is 684 bp long, potentially encoding 227 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 24.9 kda. homology analysis indicated that spltmnpv odv-e25 has 35-65% amino acid identity with that of other known baculoviruses. rt-pcr results revealed that the odv-e25 is transcribed actively at the late stage of infection and the mrna start site was mapped within a consensus baculovirus late promoter sequence (ttaag). western blot an ... | 2006 | 16525730 |
| characterization of two homologues of chab in spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. | chab, a putative regulator of chaa in escherichia coli (e. coli), and its homologues constitute a multigene family known to occur among bacteria, archaeabacteria and baculoviruses. distinguished from e. coli chab, baculoviruses chab proteins lack a charged loop that can bind to ca2+ and mg2+. the baculovirus spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) contains two homologues of chab, open reading frames (orfs) 52 (sl52) and 53 (sl53). reverse transcription-pcr and 5' race analy ... | 2006 | 16488560 |
| morphological and molecular characterization of a new microsporidian (protozoa: microsporidia) isolated from spodoptera litura (fabricius) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | a microsporidium was isolated from larvae of spodoptera litura (fabricius) collected from tamil nadu, india. this microsporidian species is monomorphic, disporous and develops in direct contact with the cytoplasm of the host cell. the nuclear configuration of merogonic and sporogonic stages was diplokaryotic. the merogonic proliferative stage was unusual that normal development with 1, 2 and 4 binucleated forms were common, while large multinucleate meronts containing 8 and 12 small compact hors ... | 2006 | 16469201 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel gene cry9ec1 encoding lepidopteran-specific parasporal inclusion protein from a bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae strain. | a novel delta-endotoxin gene from a lepidopteran-specific bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae strain was cloned, and the full sequence of the cry gene was determined. the cloned 6.5-kb dna fragment included the full sequence of the cry gene and three open reading frames located upstream of the cry gene. the gene, designated cry9ec1, encodes a polypeptide of 1154 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 130 237. the deduced amino acid sequence of the cry9ec1 protein had the h ... | 2005 | 16333339 |
| caffeine production in tobacco plants by simultaneous expression of three coffee n-methyltrasferases and its potential as a pest repellant. | caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is derived from xanthosine through three successive transfers of methyl groups and a single ribose removal in coffee plants. the methyl group transfer is catalyzed by n-zmethyltransferases, xanthosine methyltransferase (xmt), 7-methylxanthine methyltransferase (mxmt) and 3,7-dimethylxanthine methyltransferase (dxmt). we previously cloned three genes encoding each of these n-methyltransferases from coffee plants, and reconstituted the final sequence of the caffe ... | 2005 | 16247553 |
| insect antifeedant and growth regulating activities of salannobutyrolactone and desacetylsalannobutyrolactone. | salannobutyrolactone and its deacetylderivative were tested for insect antifeedant and growth regulatory activities against the tobacco cutworm, spodoptera litura. salannobutyrolactone was the most effective antifeedant. desacetylsalannobutyrolactone increased larval duration and larval mortality. | 2005 | 16242271 |
| immune cascade of spodoptera litura: cloning, expression, and characterization of inducible prophenol oxidase. | haemolymph associated phenol oxidase is a critical component of invertebrate immune reaction and cuticle sclerotization. phenol oxidase catalyses the conversion of mono-phenols to diphenols and quinones which finally leads to melanin formation. we have cloned the c-dna encoding phenol oxidase from the haemocytes of spodoptera litura and expressed it in escherichia coli. the encoding gene is 2452bp with an open reading frame of 2091 bp translating into a 697 amino acid protein. multiple alignment ... | 2005 | 16185666 |
| [bioactivity of azadirachtin and its field efficiency against spodoptera litura]. | in this paper, the effects of varying concentration azadirachtin on tobacco cutworm spodoptera litura were investigated in both laboratory and field. the results showed that azadirachtin exhibited a wide range of bioactivities, including anti-feeding, growth inhibition, larval toxicity, and oviposition deterrent. this compound could significantly reduce pupal weight and pupation and eclosion rates. after treated with 12 microl x l(-1) azadirachtin for 5 and 7 days, the third instar larvae only w ... | 2005 | 16180761 |
| isolation, gene expression and solution structure of a novel moricin analogue, antibacterial peptide from a lepidopteran insect, spodoptera litura. | an antibacterial peptide was isolated from a lepidopteran insect, spodoptera litura. the molecular mass of this peptide was determined to be 4489.55 by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass (maldi-tof ms) spectrometry. the peptide consists of 42 amino acids and the sequence has 69-98% identity to those of moricin-related peptides, antibacterial peptides from lepidopetran insects. thus, the peptide was designated s. litura (sl) moricin. sl moricin showed a broad antibact ... | 2005 | 16115804 |
| distribution and residual activity of two insecticidal proteins, avidin and aprotinin, expressed in transgenic tobacco plants, in the bodies and frass of spodoptera litura larvae following feeding. | to understand how a major cosmopolitan pest responds to two very different insecticidal proteins and to determine whether herbivorous insects and their frass could be environmental sources of recombinant proteins from transgenic plants, spodoptera litura (fab.) (lepidoptera, noctuidae) larvae were fed on tobacco leaves expressing either the biotin-binding protein, avidin, or the protease inhibitor, aprotinin. control larvae received non-transgenic tobacco. samples of larvae were taken after 5, 6 ... | 2005 | 16039663 |
| comparative venom toxicity between pteromalus puparum and nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) toward the hemocytes of their natural hosts, non-target insects and cultured insect cells. | crude venoms from two parasitoid species, pteromalus puparum and nasonia vitripennis (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) were assayed for biological activities toward hemocytes from two species of their natural hosts and eight species of their non-natural hosts as well as two lines of cultured lepidoptera cells, respectively. by inhibiting the spreading and viability of insect hemocytes, the venom from p. puparum displayed significantly higher activities toward plasmatocytes and granular cells from both ... | 2005 | 16026808 |
| identification of the apoptosis inhibitor gene p49 of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. | baculoviruses possess two types of genes that suppressed apoptosis, p35 and inhibitor of apoptosis (iap). computer-assisted analysis indicated that spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) orf55 (designated as the p49 gene) display 79 and 31% amino acid identity with spodoptera littoralis (spli)mnpv p49 and autographa californica (ac)mnpv p35, respectively, splt mnpv putative p49 contains a peptide cleavage site tvtdg recognized by death caspases. in marker rescue assay, spl ... | 2005 | 16025239 |
| [screening of bacillus thuringiensis strains containing vip3a genes and analysis of gene conservation]. | vip3a, a novel insecticidal protein, is secreted by bacillus thuringiensis (bt) during vegetative growth. vip3a protein possesses insecticidal activity against a wild spectrum of lepidopteran insect larvae. since the first cloning of vip3a gene from bt, many other vip3a genes have been isolated. to investigate vip3a genes contribution to bt and reflect the revolution relationships, the strains containing vip3a genes were screened and gene similarity was analyzed. 114 wild-type bacillus thuringie ... | 2003 | 15969080 |
| cloning and characterization of ecdysone receptor and ultraspiracle cdnas from spodoptera litura. | the insect molting hormone, ecdysone, induces a series of events critical for ecdysis, beginning with the formation of a complex between ecdysteroid receptor (ecr) and its partner protein, ultraspiracle (usp). in the present study, we cloned cdnas encoding ecr and usp by rt-pcr and 5'-/3'-race from the common cutworm, spodoptera litura, a destructive agricultural pest insect in east asia. hexahistidine-tagged recombinant ecr and usp of s. litura were expressed in e. coli, and the proteins, after ... | 2005 | 15891077 |
| pyridalyl, a novel insecticide: potency and insecticidal selectivity. | pyridalyl is an insecticide of a novel chemical class (unclassified insecticides). toxicity of pyridalyl to two insect pest species, spodoptera litura and frankliniella occidentalis, an insect predator, orius stringicollis, and a pollinator, bombus terrestris, was evaluated in the laboratory. the insecticidal activity of pyridalyl against s. litura was evaluated using the leaf-dipping method. the potency of pyridalyl was highly effective against all development stages (2nd to 6th instar larvae) ... | 2005 | 15756699 |
| isolation, characterization and expression of a novel vegetative insecticidal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis. | twenty-four serovars of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) were screened by polymerase chain reaction to detect the presence of vegetative insecticidal protein gene (vip)-like sequences by using vip3aa1-specific primers. vip-like gene sequences were identified in eight serovars. these genes were cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence of the vip3aa14 gene from bacillus thuringiensis tolworthi showed considerable differences as compared to those of vips reported so far. the vip3aa14 gene f ... | 2005 | 15686851 |
| identification and expression of a conserved ubiquitin gene homologue of spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltnpv-i). | an orf having a potential to code for a polypeptide of 79 amino acids has been identified within 993 nt sequence of 2 kb ecori-w fragment of spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltnpv-i). nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence analyses showed its identity with the ubiquitin homologue of eukaryotes (79-80%), melanoplus sanguinipes entomopoxvirus (76%) and other baculoviruses (72-89%). the orf is under baculovirus late promoter motif rtaag but unlike other baculoviruses, three such motifs ... | 2004 | 15663010 |
| nucleotide sequence and molecular characterization of the structural glycoprotein gp41 gene homologue of spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrosis virus (spltnpv-i). | the structural glycoprotein gene gp41 homologue of spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrosis virus (spltnpv-i *) was identified in the 4.0 kb ecori-l fragment of the viral genome. the nucleotide sequence of 2063 bp of this fragment revealed an open reading frame of 1014 nucleotides to encode a polypeptide of 337 amino acids. analysis of nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the putative orf indicated its identity with gp41 protein of other baculoviruses sharing maximum homology with that of ... | 2004 | 15663006 |
| bioefficacy and mode-of-action of some limonoids of salannin group from azadirachta indica a. juss and their role in a multicomponent system against lepidopteran larvae. | biological activities of the salannin type of limonoids isolated from azadirachta indica a. juss were assessed using the gram pod borer helicoverpa armigera (hubner) and the tobacco armyworm spodoptera litura (fabricius) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). inhibition of larval growth was concomitant with reduced feeding by neonate and third instar larvae. all three compounds exhibited strong antifeedant activity in a choice leaf disc bioassay with 2.0, 2.3 and 2.8 microg/cm(2) of 3-o-acetyl salannol, sala ... | 2004 | 15625397 |
| development of a hybrid delta-endotoxin and its expression in tobacco and cotton for control of a polyphagous pest spodoptera litura. | a hybrid delta-endotoxin protein was designed against a polyphagous lepidopteran insect pest spodoptera litura, which is tolerant to most of the known delta-endotoxins. the hybrid delta-endotoxin was created by replacing amino acid residues 530-587 in a poorly active natural cry1ea protein, with a highly homologous 70 amino acid region of cry1ca in domain iii. the truncated delta-endotoxins cry1ea, cry1ca and the hybrid protein cry1ec accumulated in escherichia coli to form inclusion bodies. the ... | 2004 | 15587265 |
| evaluation of calcium-alginate gel as an artificial diet medium for bioassays on common cutworms. | a calcium-alginate gel diet was developed for spodoptera litura larvae, and its reliability as a carrier for incorporating antifeedants as well as insecticides was investigated. the alginate gel diet was prepared with a simple protocol, which does not involve any heating process. when tested using this diet, acephate, a bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin formulation and rotenone reproducibly showed insecticidal activity against the larvae, while neem oil and scabequinone deterred the larval feedin ... | 2004 | 15264908 |
| performance of spodoptera litura fabricius on different host plants: influence of nitrogen and total phenolics of plants and mid-gut esterase activity of the insect. | five host plants [castor, ricinus communis (carolus linnaeus); cotton, gossypium hirsutm (carolus linnaeus); tomato, lycopersicum esculentum (philip miller); mint, mentha arvensis (carolus linnaeus) and cabbage, brassica oleracea (carolus linnaeus)] belonging to different families were used to study the performance of the asian armyworm, spodoptera litura larvae. highest consumption of food and dry weight gain was observed in larvae fed on castor. mint did not support optimum larval growth becau ... | 2003 | 15248492 |
| sirna-directed silencing of transgene expressed in cultured insect cells. | rna interference (rnai) has emerged as a powerful tool to rapidly analyze gene functions in a wide variety of eukaryotic organisms as well as in cultured cell lines. we demonstrate here that rnai can be applied to study the function of a transgene expressed in an insect cell line (spodoptera frugiperda, sf21). the aminopeptidase n gene (apn) targeted for silencing in the present study was isolated from the midgut of spodoptera litura larvae and expressed in sf21 cells using baculovirus expressio ... | 2004 | 15219846 |
| [cooperative effect of spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus with parasite wasp, microplitis sp. on the s. litura larvae]. | the relationship between the survival rate, developmental duration of microplitis sp. in spodoptera litura larvae and time of exposure of the host larvae to virus, the inoculation virus concentration were investigated to determined if parasites which emerged from virus-infected s. litura larvae had normal survive, and if the parasites could sever as the vector for s. litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus (sinpv). there was no significant difference in time that parasites spent in virus-infected larv ... | 2004 | 15146645 |
| triacontanol negatively modulates the jasmonic acid-stimulated proteinase inhibitors in tomato (lycopersicon esculentum). | triacontanol (tria), a long chain aliphatic alcohol (c30h61oh) reverses the effect of jasmonic acid (ja) in inducing proteinase inhibitors (pis) in tomato leaves. porcine pancreas trypsin and spodoptera litura gut proteinases were inhibited in the presence of leaf proteins treated with ja, and tria partially reverses this effect. spodoptera litura larvae fed with tomato leaves treated with ja were reduced in body weight and tria is able to partially reverse this ja-induced effect. these results ... | 2004 | 15128037 |
| metabolism of thymol and trans-anethole in larvae of spodoptera litura and trichoplusia ni (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | metabolism of the monoterpenoid thymol and the phenylpropanoid trans-anethole, both constituents of essential oils, was investigated following topical and oral administration of the compounds to the tobacco cutworm (spodoptera litura) and the cabbage looper (trichoplusia ni). in both species and irrespective of route, administration of thymol resulted in the excretion of its 3-o-beta-glucoside, whereas trans-anethole was hydroxylated on the side chain methyl group. both metabolites were isolated ... | 2004 | 15113155 |
| mechanisms and diversity of resistance to insect pests in wild relatives of groundnut. | the levels of resistance to insect pests in cultivated groundnut (arachis hypogaea) germplasm are quite low, and therefore, we screened 30 accessions of arachis spp. and 12 derived lines for resistance to insect pests under field and greenhouse conditions. accessions belonging to arachis cardenasii, arachis duranensis, arachis kempff-mercadoi, arachis monticola, arachis stenosperma, arachis paraguariensis, arachis pusilla, and arachis triseminata showed multiple resistance to the leaf miner apro ... | 2003 | 14977130 |
| papain protects papaya trees from herbivorous insects: role of cysteine proteases in latex. | many plants contain latex that exudes when leaves are damaged, and a number of proteins and enzymes have been found in it. the roles of those latex proteins and enzymes are as yet poorly understood. we found that papain, a cysteine protease in latex of the papaya tree (carica papaya, caricaceae), is a crucial factor in the defense of the papaya tree against lepidopteran larvae such as oligophagous samia ricini (saturniidae) and two notorious polyphagous pests, mamestra brassicae (noctuidae) and ... | 2004 | 14731257 |
| a potent insect chitinase inhibitor of fungal origin. | a water-soluble polysaccharide was isolated from the culture filtrate of a fungal strain, sphaeropsis sp. tnpt116-cz, as a novel insect chitinase inhibitor. it was purified to chromatographic homogeneity by ethanol precipitation, anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography. its molecular weight was estimated to be 16 kda by gel filtration hplc. monosaccharide analysis showed that it contained glucose, galactose, n-acetylglucosamine and a deoxysugar. this polysaccharide showed potent and spe ... | 2016 | 14713171 |
| identification of virulent isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus nomuraea rileyi (f) samson for the management of helicoverpa armigera and spodoptera litura (identification of virulent isolates of n. rileyi). | eleven geographical isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus nomuraea rileyi (farlow) samson of helicoverpa armigera (hubner)/spodoptera litura (fabricius) origin were studied for efficacy against the two host insects. laboratory bioassays at a concentration of 2 x 10(8) conidia ml(-1) indicated that n. rileyi isolates of s. litura origin were better in terms of time taken for mycosis and mortality in both the test larvae: s. litura (77-80% mortality in 7 days) and h. armigera (79-85% in 8 days). ... | 2003 | 14682464 |
| microbial ecology of bacillus thuringiensis: fecal populations recovered from wildlife in korea. | a total of 34 fecal samples, collected from 14 species of wild mammals in korea, were examined for the occurrence of bacillus thuringiensis. the organism was detected in 18 (53%) samples. among the three food-habit groups, herbivorous animals yielded the highest frequency (69%) of samples positive for b. thuringiensis, followed by omnivorous animals (50%). of the six fecal samples from carnivorous animals, only one sample contained b. thurin giensis. among 527 isolates belonging to the bacillus ... | 2003 | 14569287 |
| an efficient method for precise gene substitution in the acmnpv genome by homologous recombination in e. coli. | the reca-mediated homologous recombination method was improved and used to direct gene replacement in baculoviruses. with this method, the p74 gene in the autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) genome was substituted precisely by the p74 gene of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv). in the recombinant bacmid, the acmnpv p74 gene promoter controlled directly the expression of spltmnpv p74 gene. results of rt-pcr showed transcription of spltmnpv p ... | 2003 | 14553895 |
| characterization of bro-b gene of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. | spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) orf125 (designated as the bro-b gene) is a member of the unique multigene family called the baculovirus repeated orfs (bro) family. computer-assisted analysis revealed that bro-b contains a conserved bro-n domain in its n-terminus and a single-stranded dna (ssdna) binding motif in the middle region. in vitro the bro-b gene transcription was present at 12 h post-infection (p.i.) and remained detectable up to 96 h p.i. western blot anal ... | 2003 | 14501189 |
| [influence of host age on the epizootic of nuclear polyhedrosis virus of spodoptera litura]. | through investigation of tracking infected spodoptera litura larvae, a study was carried out to observe the epizootic dynamics of nuclear virus disease of s. litura after virus release in different instar with concentration of 2.15 x 10(7) pibs.ml-1 in vegetable field. the results showed that with the age of s. litura increasing, the susceptibility to virus, mortality and death velocity decreased, the disease death sustained period of larvae obviously elongated, and the time that larval mortalit ... | 2003 | 12974004 |
| [baculovirus p74 gene is a species-specific gene]. | the p74 gene of autographa californica multicasid nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) bacmid was knockouted and substituted by the p74 gene of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv), using reca-mediated homologous recombination in the e. coli. no selection marker, which might influence the expression and function of p74 gene, was left in the modified p74 locus. the promoter of acmnpv p74 gene directly controlled the expression of spltmnpv p74 gene in the recombinant acmnpv bacmi ... | 2003 | 12958657 |
| characterization of a chitin-binding protein gp37 of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the gp37 amino acid sequence of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) was compared with other baculovirus gp37, entomopoxvirus fusolin, the enhancing factor of pseudaletia separata entomopoxvirus, and alteromonas sp. chitin-binding protein 1. in these proteins, five 'conserved regions' previously reported constitute a chitin-binding domain. spltmnpv gp37 effectively bound to purified crab shell chitin and the dissociation constant (kd) for binding was 0.28 microm. immunof ... | 2003 | 12951271 |
| a constitutively expressed 36 kda exochitinase from bacillus thuringiensis hd-1. | a 36 kda chitinase was purified by ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography from the culture supernatant of bacillus thuringiensis hd-1. the chitinase production was independent of the presence of chitin in the growth medium and was produced even in the presence of glucose. the purified chitinase was active at acidic ph, had an optimal activity at ph 6.5, and showed maximum activity at 65 degrees c. of the various substrates, the enzyme catalyzed the hydrolysis of the disaccharide 4-mu(gln ... | 2003 | 12893268 |
| characterization of a j domain gene of spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. | spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) orf39 (designated as the bjdp gene) is the only j domain gene recorded in baculovirus genomes to date. computer-assisted analysis revealed that its deduced amino acid sequences possessed a coiled-coil region and a rna recognition motif (rrm). in vivo the bdjp gene transcription was detected from 24 h post infection (p.i.) and abundant from 72 to 96 h p.i., while in vitro it was first detected 6 h p.i. and was abundant from 12 to 24 h ... | 2002 | 12881640 |
| identification of volicitin-related compounds from the regurgitant of lepidopteran caterpillars. | volicitin-related compounds were found in the oral secretion of the three noctuid species, helicoverpa armigera, mythimna separata and spodoptera litura, and one sphingid species, agrius convolvuli. volicitin [n-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-l-glutamine], n-(17-hydroxylinoleoyl)-glutamine, n-linolenoylglutamine and n-linoleoylglutamine were identified in the secretion from the noctuid larvae. in secretions from the sphingid larvae, n-linolenoylglutamine and n-linoleoylglutamine were the main components ... | 2003 | 12834303 |
| the characterization of microsporidian isolates (nosematidae: nosema) from five important lepidopteran pests in taiwan. | microsporidian isolates from five lepidopteran pests-spodoptera litura, spodoptera exigua, helicoverpa armigera, plutella xylostella, and pieris spp.-were compared by spore morphology, infectivity to s. litura, western-blot banding patterns, the sequences of small subunit rrna gene (ssurrna sequence), and random amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr). all the isolates could infect experimentally and multiply in the larvae of s. litura. the s. exigua isolate showed the hig ... | 2003 | 12725812 |
| 6beta-hydroxygedunin from azadirachta indica. its potentiation effects with some non-azadirachtin limonoids in neem against lepidopteran larvae. | the biological activity of 6beta-hydroxygedunin isolated from azadirachta indica a. juss. was assessed using the gram pod borer, helicoverpa armigera (hubner), and asian armyworm, spodoptera litura (fabricius) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), alone and in combination with other limonoids, gedunin, salannin, nimbinene, and azadirachtin. the compound exhibited growth inhibitory activity in artificial diet bioassays, with 24.2 and 21.5 ppm, respectively, inhibiting growth by 50%. this efficacy was higher ... | 2003 | 12720374 |
| identification of a novel protein associated with envelope of occlusion-derived virus in spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. | spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) orf137 (splt137) is one of 29 unique spltmnpv orfs. splt137 has the potential to code for a polypeptide of 231 amino acid residues with predicted molecular weight of 27.5 kda. computer-assisted analysis of the predicted amino acid sequences of splt137 protein showed 1 n-glycosylation site and 11 phosphorylation sites. for identification of spit137, antibody was prepared by immunization of rabbits with purified splt137 protein produced ... | 2003 | 12680687 |
| [cloning and expression product of vip3a gene from bacillus thuringiensis and analysis of inseceicidal activity]. | the vip3 a gene in a size of 2.3 kb amplified from wild-type bacillus thuringiensis strain s184 by pcr was cloned into pgem-t easy vector and its sequence was analysized by dnastar. the plasmid potp was constructed by inserting vip3a-s184 gene into the expression vector pqe30 and then was transformed into e. coli m15. e. coli m15 cells harbouring the plasmid potp were induced with 1 mmol/l iptg to express 89 kd protein which was confirmed to be vip3a-s184 by western blot. experiments showed that ... | 2002 | 12674638 |
| [cloning and expression of a novel ubiquitin fusion gene uba256]. | spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) uba256 gene is the only ub-gp37 fusion gene in the genome of insect viruses. with the specific primers designed for uba256 gene that was reported recently, the coding regions of uba256, n-terminal ubiquitin and c-terminal gp37 that lacking the signal sequence, were amplified from spltmnpv genomic dna by pcr. the uba256 coding region was expressed using the expression vector pbv220, and a band of 38 kd was detected with western blot analysis, indi ... | 2003 | 12673391 |
| antifeedant activity of some pentacyclic triterpene acids and their fatty acid ester analogues. | the 3-o-fatty acid ester derivatives (c(12)-c(18)) of two pentacyclic triterpenic acids, ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, were synthesized under mild esterification conditions in excellent yields (80-85%) and screened for their antifeedant activity, together with the parent acids, against the agricultural pest tobacco caterpillar larvae (spodoptera litura f) in a no-choice laboratory study. the urs-12-ene-28-carboxy-3beta-octadecanoate and olean-12-ene-28-carboxy-3beta-hexadecanoate were found t ... | 2003 | 12643657 |
| induction of apoptosis in an insect cell line, iplb-ld652y, infected with nucleopolyhedroviruses. | ld652y cells derived from the gypsy moth, lymantria dispar, were infected with seven different nucleopolyhedroviruses (npvs) including those from autographa californica, bombyx mori (bmnpv), hyphantria cunea (hycunpv), spodoptera exigua (semnpv), l. dispar, orgyia pseudotsugata (opmnpv) and spodoptera litura (spltmnpv). the results showed that ld652y cells infected with bmnpv, hycunpv, semnpv, opmnpv and spltmnpv underwent apoptosis, displaying apoptotic bodies, characteristic dna fragmentation ... | 2003 | 12604823 |
| new helicoverpa armigera hbn cell line from larval hemocyte for baculovirus studies. | a new cell line from the larval hemocytes of h. armigera was established in grace's medium modified by adding lactalbumin hydrolysate and yeastolate (3.3g/l), and supplemented with fetal bovine serum (20%). the cell line was designated as niv-ha-1195. the cell population at p-78 consisted mainly of epithelial-like cells (89.36%), fibroblast-like cells (8.31%) and giant cells (2.13%). the population doubling time was 96hr at p-8, 60hr at p-43. the chromosome number ranged from 45 to 200. the cell ... | 2002 | 12561972 |
| baculovirus studies in new, indigenous lepidopteran cell lines. | eight lepidopteran cell lines were established recently and their susceptibility to different insect viruses was studied. two spodoptera litura cell lines from the larval and pupal ovaries, were found highly susceptible to s. litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus (slnpv, 5-6 x 10(6) npv/ml). the helicoverpa armigera cell line from the embryonic tissue was highly susceptible to h. armigera npv (hanpv, 6.3 x 10(6) npv/ml). these in vitro grown slnpv and hanpv caused 100% mortality to respective 2nd in ... | 2002 | 12561971 |
| characterization of a novel ubiquitin-fusion gene uba256 from spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) uba256 gene, encoding ubiquitin fused to gp37 protein of 256 amino acids was determined. the first 76 amino acids of the spltmnpv ubiquitin showed 78-88, 77 and 81-84% amino acid sequence identity to baculovirus, melanoplus sanguinipes entomopoxvirus and eukaryotes ubiquitins, respectively. the deduced amino acid sequence of spltmnpv gp37 protein was similar to other baculovirus gp37 proteins and to entomopoxvi ... | 2003 | 12559572 |
| [preliminary studies on the apoptosis of spodoptera litura cells induced by two baculoviruses]. | microscopic examination of spodoptera litura(sl-1) cell infected with acmnpv or sfamnpv revealed progressive cell blebbing starting at 8 h-12 h postinfection and culminating in total cell destruction at 24 h postinfection. the fragmentation of the infected cell nuclei was observed by stained with the specific fluorescent dye dapi. agarose gel electrophoresis analysis of the dna extracted from infected cells show typical dna ladder. all these supported that both viruses infected sl-1 cells underg ... | 2002 | 12557384 |
| purification and diagnostic utility of a recombinant hepatitis e virus capsid protein expressed in insect larvae. | we report here the expression and purification of a truncated form of the hepatitis e virus orf2 protein (orf2delta111/deltatm), from the fat bodies of spodoptera litura larvae infected with a recombinant baculovirus. the purified protein migrated as a doublet of approximately 56 kda on sds-page and was found to be glycosylated by staining with concanavalin a-linked horseradish peroxidase. the protein was used in a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detectio ... | 2003 | 12509981 |
| infection of wild-type autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus induces in vivo apoptosis of spodoptera litura larvae. | direct evidence of in vivo apoptosis of spodoptera litura larvae was demonstrated by haemocoel inoculation with wild-type autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) budded virus (bv). in sharp contrast to natural infection, cadavers did not melt, liquefy and melanize. typical morphological changes of apoptosis in insect haemocytes post-infection, including blebbing of the cell surface, chromatin margination and condensation, vacuolization of the cytoplasm and formation of a ... | 2002 | 12466477 |
| a new cell line from the embryonic tissue of helicoverpa armigera hbn. (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | a new cell line from the embryonic tissue of helicoverpa armigera was established and designated as niv-ha-197. it was maintained in tnm-fh medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. the cell line at passage 20 had a heterogeneous population of cells consisting of mainly epithelial-like cells (70%), followed by fibroblast-like (27%), and multinucleated giant (3%) cells. the chromosome number ranged from 45 to 185. the growth curve at passage 40 showed a fivefold increase in cell number wit ... | 2002 | 12418922 |
| phenotypic and genetic diversity of bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated in india active against spodoptera litura. | bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from different agroclimatic regions of india were found to harbor cry1 family genes. of 831 strains 18 that were found to produce 130- and 68-kda mol wt proteins in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacry1amide gel electrophoresis were subjected to bioassay against second instar larvae of spodoptera litura. according to the time response curve, while the highest toxic activity against s. litura was observed in pbt-782 with an lt50 of 25.46 h, strains pbt-372, pbt- ... | 2002 | 12396125 |
| silencing of midgut aminopeptidase n of spodoptera litura by double-stranded rna establishes its role as bacillus thuringiensis toxin receptor. | insecticidal crystal proteins of bacillus thuringiensis bind to receptors in the midgut of susceptible insects leading to pore formation and death of the insect. the identity of the receptor is not clearly established. recently a direct interaction between a cloned and heterologously expressed aminopeptidase (slapn) from spodoptera litura and the cry1c protein was demonstrated by immunofluorescence and in vitro ligand blot interaction. here we show that administration of slapn double-stranded rn ... | 2002 | 12377776 |
| establishment of two new cell lines from bombyx mori (l.) (lepidoptera: bombycidae) & their susceptibility to baculoviruses. | lepidopteran cell cultures and baculovirus expression vector systems are becoming popular due to their potential applications in biotechnology especially for the expression of foreign proteins. efforts were made to develop new, indigenous, cell lines from bombyx mori larvae and pupae. | 2002 | 12362558 |
| cloning and characterization of an insecticidal crystal protein gene from bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kenyae. | a sporulating culture of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae strain hd549 is toxic to larvae of lepidopteran insect species such as spodoptera litura, helicoverpa armigera and phthorimaea operculella, and a dipteran insect, culex fatigans. a 1.9-kb dna fragment, pcr-amplified from hd549 using cryii-gene-specific primers, was cloned and expressed in e. coli. the recombinant protein produced 92% mortality in first-instar larvae of spodoptera litura and 86% inhibition of adult emergence in phthori ... | 2002 | 12357073 |
| interaction of gene-cloned and insect cell-expressed aminopeptidase n of spodoptera litura with insecticidal crystal protein cry1c. | insecticidal toxins produced by bacillus thuringiensis interact with specific receptors located in the midguts of susceptible larvae, and the interaction is followed by a series of biochemical events that lead to the death of the insect. in order to elucidate the mechanism of action of b. thuringiensis toxins, receptor protein-encoding genes from many insect species have been cloned and characterized. in this paper we report the cloning, expression, and characterization of cry toxin-interacting ... | 2002 | 12200317 |
| purification and characterization of biliverdin-binding vitellogenin from the hemolymph of the common cutworm, spodoptera litura. | biliverdin-binding vitellogenin (vg) was purified from adult female hemolymph of the common cutworm, spodoptera litura, by using gel filtration and ion exchange chromatographies. the molecular mass of the protein was 490 kda and it was composed of two 188-kda subunits. three internal amino acid sequences obtained by digestion of the protein with lysylendopeptidase showed high similarity to those of bombyx mori vg, supporting the purified blue protein to be vitellogenin. latroscan analyses demons ... | 2002 | 12173294 |
| nucleotide sequence and characterization of the p10 gene of spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus. | the p10 gene was localized within the 3.0 kbp bamh i fragment of the sinpv genome. with a coding sequence of 318 nucleotides, corresponding to a protein of 105 amino acids, the p10 gene of sinpv is the longest p10 gene identified so far in npvs. the sinpv p10 gene is also distinct in having two a/tttgta motifs in the promoter region. with 10 heptad repeats, the sinpv p10 protein is probably forming a relatively large coiled-coil structure. the organization of sinpv orf552-p10 gene-orf945 cluster ... | 1998 | 12167986 |
| precursor of the inactive 2s seed storage protein from the indian mustard brassica juncea is a novel trypsin inhibitor. charaterization, post-translational processing studies, and transgenic expression to develop insect-resistant plants. | a number of trypsin inhibitor (ti) genes have been used to generate insect-resistant plants. here we report a novel trypsin inhibitor from indian mustard brassica juncea (bjti) that is unique in being the precursor of a 2s seed storage protein. the inhibitory activity is lost upon processing. the predicted amino acid sequence of the precursor based on the b. juncea 2s albumin (bj2s) gene cloned and sequenced in this laboratory (bj2sc; genbank(tm) accession number ) showed a soybean-ti active sit ... | 2002 | 12147695 |
| insect antifeedant activity of tetranortriterpenoids from the rutales. a perusal of structural relations. | structure-related insect antifeedant relationship of 56 limonoids (both natural and modified) from the plants belonging to the order rutales was attempted considering substitution patterns, oxidation states, and hydrophobicity, as well as distant geometry derived through conformational analysis on molecular modeling. orientation of the furan and hydroxylation at specific carbon sites have been shown to influence the antifeedancy against the fall armyworm, spodoptera litura. | 2002 | 12137465 |
| characterization of the antiapoptotic (p35) gene homologue of spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrosis virus (slnpv). | antiapoptotic genes of baculoviruses have been shown to prevent virus induced apoptosis in insect cells. dot blot and southern hybridizations of ecori genomic library and genomic digests of spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrosis virus (slnpv) respectively give strong hybridization signals with antiapoptotic dna (p35 gene) probe of the prototype autographa californica nucleopolyhedrosis virus (acnpv). both the hybridizations indicate the presence of a homologous gene in the 1.8 kb ecori-y fragment ... | 2001 | 12075935 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the chitinase gene of spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus. | using acmnpv chia-containing fragment as a probe, the chitinase gene of spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus (spltnpv) was localized in two contiguous fragments, xbai 5.1 kb and 2.1 kb, and the intact spltnpv chia gene was obtained by cloning and sequencing those two fragments. the complete open reading frame of the gene was 1 695 nucleotide long, encoding a putative protein of 564 amino acids with molecular weight of 62.9 kd. sequence analysis further revealed that the 5' noncoding regi ... | 2000 | 12058207 |
| avidin expressed in transgenic tobacco leaves confers resistance to two noctuid pests, helicoverpa armigera and spodoptera litura. | fertile transgenic tobacco plants with leaves expressing avidin in the vacuole have been produced and shown to halt growth and cause mortality in larvae of two noctuid lepidopterans, helicoverpa armigera and spodoptera litura. late first instar h. armigera larvae and neonate (< 12-h-old) s. litura larvae placed on leaves excised from t0 tobacco expressing avidin at 3.1-4.6 microm (micromoles/kg of fresh leaf tissue) had very poor growth over their first 8 days on the leaves, significant numbers ... | 2002 | 12054352 |
| [epizootic dynamics of spodoptera litura nuclear polyhedrosi virus]. | through investigation of tracking infected spodoptera litura larvae, the epizootic dynamics of s. litura nuclear polyhedrosis virus(slnpv) in field was studied with different dosages of slnpv. the results showed that in the range of virus dosages (3.1 x 10(5)-3.1 x 10(8) pibs.ml-1), the initial infection syndrome was observed after 4 days of treatment, and peaked in 5-7 days. the larvae mortality occurred after 5-6 days of treatment, and peaked in 6-8 days. the prevalence peak of host was basica ... | 2000 | 11767686 |
| sequence analysis of the spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus genome. | the complete spodoptera litura multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (spltmnpv) genome contained 139,342 bp with a g+c content of 42.7%, and 141 putative open reading frames (orfs) or genes of 150 nucleotides or greater that showed minimal overlap. ninety-six orfs had homologues in autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv), 16 had homologues in other baculoviruses, and 29 were unique to spltmnpv. the homologues of ubiquitin and gp37 are fused in spltmnpv. the genome lacked a ho ... | 2001 | 11531416 |