Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| incursion of epizootic hemorrhagic disease into the okanagan valley, british columbia in 1999. | in september 1999, unusually high mortality rates in white-tailed deer and california bighorn sheep occurred in the southern okanagan valley. necropsy and histopathologic findings were compatible with epizootic hemorrhagic disease (ehd); the presence of virus was not demonstrated. subsequent serologic and polymerase chain reaction assays on sentinel cattle suggested an ehd virus incursion. | 2001 | 11265190 |
| the complete nucleotide sequences of l3 and s7 segments of ibaraki virus encoding for the major inner capsid proteins, vp3 and vp7. | the complete nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding two of the major inner capsid proteins of ibaraki virus (ibav), belonging to epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (ehdv-2) were determined. the l3 rna segment is 2768 nucleotides in length which encodes vp3 polypeptides of 899 amino acid residues (m.w. 103 kda). the s7 rna segment, which encodes the vp7 core protein, is 1162 nucleotides in length and encodes 349 amino acids (m.w. 38 kda). these rna segments had the characteristic ... | 2001 | 11217068 |
| absence of a genetic bottleneck in a wild rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) population exposed to a severe viral epizootic. | infectious diseases and their demographic consequences are thought to influence the genetic diversity of populations. in europe, during the last 50 years, the european rabbit (oryctolagus cuniculus) has suffered two important viral epizootics: myxomatosis and rabbit viral haemorraghic disease (rvhd). although mortality rates were very high, the impact of these diseases on genetic diversity has never been assessed directly. the subject of this paper is a wild rabbit population in france, which ha ... | 2000 | 10972766 |
| validation of a reverse transcriptase multiplex pcr test for the serotype determination of u.s. isolates of bluetongue virus. | bluetongue (bt) is an arthropod-borne viral disease affecting ruminants primarily in tropical and temperate regions of the world. of the 24 serotypes of bt virus (btv) identified worldwide, five have been found in the united states. serotype identification of btv isolates is important to the epidemiology of the virus, but current methods are cumbersome. a single-tube multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) assay, previously developed for the serotype determination of ... | 2000 | 10946141 |
| an epizootic of hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer in missouri. | as part of a white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) survival study in missouri (usa) we were actively monitoring 97 radio-collared deer when 8 (8%) died. this mortality, which occurred from 20 august to 23 september 1996, consisted of five adult females, two yearling females and one yearling male. based on the seasonality of this mortality and the isolation of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) serotype 2 from one of these animals, we believe that these losses resulted from an epizoo ... | 2000 | 10941752 |
| phylogenetic relationships of bluetongue viruses based on gene s7. | previous phylogenetic analyses based on bluetongue virus (btv) gene segment l3, which encodes the inner core protein, vp3, indicated a geographical distribution of different genotypes. the inner core protein, vp7, of btv has been identified as a viral attachment protein for insect cell infection. because the inner core proteins are involved with infectivity of insect cells, we hypothesized that certain vp7 protein sequences are preferred by the insect vector species present in specific geographi ... | 2000 | 10867193 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of segment l2 of ibaraki virus encoding for the antigen recognized by neutralizing antibodies. | the complete nucleotide sequence of cdna clones representing the l2 dsrna from japan isolate of epizootic hemorrhagic disease serotype 2 (ehdv-2jpn) was determined. the ehdv-2jpn l2 gene is 3002 base pairs long with a single open reading frame of 2949 bp which predicts a polypeptide of 982 amino acid residues. comparison of vp2 sequence between japan and north american isolates of ehdv-2 showed a 72% homology in spite of the same serotype, although those among the north american isolates showed ... | 2000 | 10770607 |
| cloning and expression of the m5 rna segment encoding outer capsid vp5 of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus japan serotype 2, ibaraki virus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of a cdna clone representing the m5 rna segment of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus japan serotype 2 (ehdv-2), ibaraki virus, was determined. the m5 segment is 1641 base pairs long with the single open reading frame which predicts a polypeptide of 527 amino acids. the comparison of the amino acid sequence of the vp5 with those of ehdv-1, bluetongue virus serotype 10, and african horse sickness virus serotype 4 revealed that the protein shared 67%, 57% and 42% ... | 2000 | 10770603 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibody to epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer virus. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been developed to detect antibodies to epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer virus (ehdv). the assay incorporates a monoclonal antibody to ehdv serotype 2 (ehdv-2) that demonstrates specificity for the viral structural protein, vp7. the assay was evaluated with sequential sera collected from cattle experimentally infected with ehdv serotype 1 (ehdv-1) and ehdv-2, as well as the four serotypes of bluetongue virus (btv), btv-10, btv-11, btv-13, and btv-17, ... | 2000 | 10730943 |
| serosurvey for selected disease agents in white-tailed deer from mexico. | serum samples from 350 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus texanus) collected in march 1994 from northeastern mexico were tested for the prevalence of antibody activity against five infectious diseases of ruminants. the prevalence rate was 81% for bluetongue virus (btv) of all serotypes, 72% for epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv), 3% for borrelia burgdorferi, 69% for anaplasma marginale, and 0% for brucella abortus, b. melitensis, and b. ovis. these are diseases that affect domesti ... | 1999 | 10574545 |
| identification and pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of a variant of the ibaraki virus from naturally infected cattle and aborted fetuses in japan. | one hundred fourteen field isolates of the ibaraki virus (ibav), a member of the epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (ehdv-2), were isolated from blood samples of affected and apparently healthy cattle and culicoides biting midges and from blood samples of dams and internal organs of aborted fetuses during an outbreak of ibaraki disease in the southern part of japan in 1997. in this outbreak, 242 cattle showed typical symptoms of the disease, and several hundred dams had miscarriages ... | 1999 | 10565887 |
| partial mapping and sequencing of a fish iridovirus genome reveals genes homologous to the frog virus 3 p31, p40 and human eif2alpha. | iridovirus-like pathogens have been recognized as a cause of serious systemic diseases among feral, cultured and ornamental fish in the recent years. mortalities of fish due to systemic iridovirus infection reaching 30-100% were observed in europe, australia, japan and thailand. up to now, the molecular biology of these important pathogens has been poorly documented. to get better insights on the genomic organization of these piscine iridoviruses, we have constructed a cosmid viral dna library f ... | 1999 | 10509716 |
| health evaluation of a pronghorn antelope population in oregon. | during 1996 and 1997, the u.s. fish and wildlife service conducted a study to determine the cause(s) of population decline and low survival of pronghorn antelope (antilocapra americana) fawns on hart mountain national antelope refuge (hmnar) located in southeastern oregon (usa). as part of that study, blood, fecal, and tissue samples from 104 neonatal fawns, 40 adult does, and nine adult male pronghorns were collected to conduct a health evaluation of the population. physiological parameters rel ... | 1999 | 10479084 |
| preliminary description of a polymerase chain reaction test for bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viral rna in bovine semen. | 1999 | 10424659 | |
| serum and serum substitutes: virus safety by inactivation or removal. | 1999 | 10404884 | |
| characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus of deer (ehdv) and bluetongue virus by immunisation of mice with ehdv recombinant vp7 antigen. | immunisation of mice with recombinant vp7 antigen of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus of deer (ehdv) induced serum antibody responses to ehdv. however, from the 19 monoclonal antibodies (mab) produced from these mice, 15 were specific for ehdv and four for bluetongue virus (btv). no mabs were identified with the specificity for an epitope of vp7 shared by both ehdv and btv in spite of the fact that they share a large portion of homology in vp7 amino acids composition. these mabs were divided ... | 1999 | 10333467 |
| antigenic profile of african horse sickness virus serotype 4 vp5 and identification of a neutralizing epitope shared with bluetongue virus and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. | african horse sickness virus (ahsv) causes a fatal disease in horses. the virus capsid is composed of a double protein layer, the outermost of which is formed by two proteins: vp2 and vp5. vp2 is known to determine the serotype of the virus and to contain the neutralizing epitopes. the biological function of vp5, the other component of the capsid, is unknown. in this report, ahsv vp5, expressed in insect cells alone or together with vp2, was able to induce ahsv-specific neutralizing antibodies. ... | 1999 | 10329555 |
| experimental infection of calves with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. | to determine whether experimental inoculation with a field strain of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype-2 (ehdv-2) suspected of causing clinical disease in naturally infected cattle would cause clinical disease in calves. | 1999 | 10328434 |
| molecular characterization of double-stranded rna segments encoding the major capsid proteins of a palyam serogroup orbivirus that caused an epizootic of congenital abnormalities in cattle. | cdna cloning of the double-stranded rna genome of chuzan virus, a member of the palyam serogroup orbiviruses, was carried out and the complete nucleotide sequences of rna segments 2, 3, 6 and 7, encoding the major capsid proteins vp2, vp3, vp5 and vp7, respectively, were determined. the individual segments had single open reading frames and short inverted repeats adjacent to the conserved terminal sequences. comparative sequence analysis with other serogroups of the genus orbivirus suggested tha ... | 1999 | 9934703 |
| some epidemiological and economic aspects of a bluetongue-like disease in cattle in south africa--1995/96 and 1997. | in december 1995 to march 1996 and the early summer of 1997 south africa experienced above average rainfall which favoured the occurrence of culicoides transmitted diseases. during this period several outbreaks of an uncommon disease of cattle occurred over a large part of the country. the clinical signs were similar to those of infection with the viruses of bluetongue (bt) and epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer (ehd). virus isolation from cattle and culicoides yielded both viruses. dual inf ... | 1998 | 9809318 |
| new generation of african horse sickness virus vaccines based on structural and molecular studies of the virus particles. | african horse sickness virus (ahsv) is a member of the genus orbivirus, which also includes bluetongue virus (btv) and epizootic haemorrhagic disease (ehdv) virus. these orbiviruses have similar morphological and biochemical properties, with distinctive pathobiological properties and host ranges. sequencing studies of the capsid proteins have revealed evolutionary relationships between these viruses. biochemical studies of the viruses together with the expression of individual proteins and prote ... | 1998 | 9785506 |
| seroprevalence of selected disease agents from free-ranging black bears in florida. | sera obtained from 66 free-ranging florida black bears (ursus americanus floridanus) from three geographic areas of florida (usa) between november 1993 and august 1995 were tested for antibodies to 13 disease agents. antibody prevalences were 3 positive of 37 tested (8%) coxiella burnetti, 37 of 66 (56%) toxoplasma gondii, 3 of 61 (5%) bluetongue virus/epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (btv/ehdv), 4 of 66 (6%) canine adenovirus-type 1, 5 of 66 (8%) canine distemper virus (cdv), 10 of 62 (16%) ... | 1998 | 9706572 |
| pcr detection of north american and central african isolates of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) based on genome segment 10 of ehdv serotype 1. | pcr amplification technology for the detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) ribonucleic acid in cell culture and clinical specimens was developed. with oligoribonucleotide primers selected from genome segment 10 of ehdv serotype 1 (ehdv-1), which codes for two nonstructural proteins (ns3 and ns3a), the pcr-based assay resulted in a 535-bp pcr product. rnas from north american ehdv-1 prototype, ehdv-2 prototype, and a number of ehdv field isolates, including the central african i ... | 1998 | 9705400 |
| serological diagnosis of epizootic hemorrhagic disease in cattle in the usa with lesions suggestive of vesicular disease. | 1998 | 9668521 | |
| the complete sequence of four major structural proteins of african horse sickness virus serotype 6: evolutionary relationships within and between the orbiviruses. | the amino acid sequences of four major capsid proteins of african horse sickness virus (serotype 6, ahsv-6) have been determined from analyses of cdna clones representing the l2, l3, m6 and s7 rna segments. the ahsv-6 l3 rna segment has an open reading frame of 2715 base pairs and encodes the inner capsid protein vp3 which comprises 905 amino acids. the vp3 layer forms the subcore of the virion and is surrounded by the vp7 protein which is encoded by the s7 gene. the ahsv-6 s7 gene was found to ... | 1998 | 9617769 |
| epizootic hemorrhagic disease: analysis of tissues by amplification and in situ hybridization reveals widespread orbivirus infection at low copy numbers. | a recent outbreak of hemorrhagic fever in wild ruminants in the northwest united states was characterized by rapid onset of fever, followed shortly thereafter by hemorrhage and death. as a result, a confirmed 1,000 white-tailed deer and pronghorn antelope died over the course of 3 months. lesions were multisystemic and included severe edema, congestion, acute vascular necrosis, and hemorrhage. animals that died with clinical signs and/or lesions consistent with hemorrhagic fever had antibody to ... | 1998 | 9557671 |
| a nested pcr for detection of north american isolates of bluetongue virus based on ns1 genome sequence analysis of btv-17. | a nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay, for detection of bluetongue virus (btv) ribonucleic acid in cell culture and tissue samples, was developed. two pairs of oligonucleotide primers (btv1 and btv4 and btv2 and btv3), selected from non-structural protein 1 (ns1) gene of btv-17, were used for the nested pcr in two amplification steps. first a 826-bp product was amplified using an outer primer pair btv1 and btv4. the second amplification, using nested or internal primer pair btv2 a ... | 1998 | 9549851 |
| ehdv-1, a new australian serotype of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus isolated from sentinel cattle in the northern territory. | in 1992, a virus (dpp2209) isolated from sentinel cattle located at coastal plains research station, latitude 12 degrees 39's, longitude 131 degrees 20'e, approximately 60 km east of darwin, northern territory. this virus was identified as a serotype of epizootic haemorrhagic disease (ehd) of deer virus previously undescribed in australia. an additional 17 isolation of this virus were made from eight animals during the period february to may. electron microscopic studies showed the presence of o ... | 1997 | 9453125 |
| identification of an antigenic peptide specific for bluetongue virus using phage display expression of ns1 sequences. | ns1 is a non-structural protein associated with the replication of bluetongue virus (btv), an orbivirus (reoviridae) that infects sheep and cattle. ns1 is potentially useful as a diagnostic antigen since the presence of specific antibodies is an indication that the virus has replicated in the host. it is, however, not antigenically unique and cross-reacts serologically with the analogous protein of the related epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv). | 1995 | 9373350 |
| hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer in texas: a case for enzootic stability. | although antibodies to viruses in both the epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) and bluetongue virus (btv) sero-groups have been reported from white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in texas (usa), there are few reports of hemorrhagic disease (hd) in these populations. to understand the extent and diversity of exposure to the north american ehdv and btv serotypes in these deer populations, we serologically tested 685 white-tailed deer collected from november 1991 through march 1992 thr ... | 1996 | 9359074 |
| monitoring of culicoides spp. at a site enzootic for hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer in georgia, usa. | biting midges of the genus culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) were monitored at a georgia (usa) site where epizootic hemorrhagic disease (ehd) and bluetongue (bt) viruses are enzootic among white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). collections were made using a captive white-tailed deer and light traps from june 1993 through november 1994. we collected 210,482 females from the captive deer during morning and evening periods. predominant species were c. lahillei (73%), c. stellifer (16%), c. ... | 1996 | 9359063 |
| interaction of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus with bovine erythrocytes in vitro: electron microscope study. | 1997 | 9280395 | |
| serogrouping and topotyping of sudanese and united states strains of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus using pcr. | the potential use of the recently reported polymerase chain reaction (pcr) protocol for detection of united states epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) serotype 1 (ehdv-1) and serotype 2 (ehdv-2) ribonucleic acid in cell culture and clinical specimens was evaluated for detection of sudanese ehdv strains. ehdv serotype 5 (ehdv-5) and ehdv, isolate 318 (untyped) designated (ehdv-318), recovered from sentinel calves at the khartoum university farm (sudan) were studied. rna from ehdv-5 and ehd ... | 1997 | 9280388 |
| host defense responses associated with experimental hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer. | our objectives were to examine the immunity conferred by epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (ehdv-2) infection in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and determine if this immunity was protective during challenge with homologous (ehdv-2) or heterologous (bluetongue virus serotype 10; btv-10) virus. trials were conducted in the fall of 1992 and 1993. in the first experiment, naive white-tailed deer were infected intradermally and subcutaneously with ehdv-2 and monitored via phy ... | 1997 | 9249705 |
| in vitro replication of epizootic hemorrhagic disease and bluetongue viruses in white-tailed deer peripheral blood mononuclear cells and virus-cell association during in vivo infections. | in vitro and in vivo infections were conducted to determine if the epizootic hemorrhagic disease (ehd) and bluetongue (bt) viruses would replicate in peripheral blood mononuclear (pbm) cells of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). all of the north american ehd and bt viruses (ehd virus serotypes 1 and 2, and bt virus serotypes 2, 10, 11, 13, and 17) replicated in vitro in cultures of white-tailed deer pbm cells. however, this replication appeared to be monocyte-dependent and was not enhan ... | 1997 | 9249704 |
| testicular atrophy in a mule deer population. | monitoring mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) on a former plutonium production site along the columbia river at the hanford site, washington (usa) revealed 27 (23%) of 116 adult males had unusually shaped, velvet-covered antlers and abnormally developed testicles. we captured 32 males to examine age-class differences and the ratio of affected to unaffected deer and determine whether affected testicles were atrophic or hypoplastic. we found testicular atrophy in most deer with velvet-covered antlers ... | 1997 | 9249686 |
| evaluation of a competitive elisa for detection of antibodies to epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus of deer. | 1997 | 9249172 | |
| cell-mediated immune response and il-2 production in white-tailed deer experimentally infected with hemorrhagic disease viruses. | hemorrhagic disease, caused by various serotypes of two closely related orbivirus serogroups, the epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses (ehdv) and the bluetongue viruses (btv), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in white-tailed deer (wtd) in the united states. despite the importance of hemorrhagic disease in wtd, little is known about host defense mechanisms triggered by infection with either causative virus or how that immune response is modulated by challenge with closely related orbi ... | 1997 | 9223232 |
| contamination of genetically engineered chinese hamster ovary cells. | in late 1988, during production of a recombinant protein for phase i clinical trials, a failure of the cell culture production system occurred due to contamination of the cells by an orbivirus [1]. the incident occurred at bioferon gmbh & co, laupheim, germany, a joint venture of biogen, inc., cambridge, ma, and dr. renstschler arzneimittel gmbh & co (bioferon is currently a wholly owned subsidiary of rentschler and is now known as dr. rentschler biotechnologie gmbh). the investigation into, and ... | 1996 | 9119137 |
| application of molecular biological techniques for detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv-318) recovered from a sentinel calf in central sudan. | epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv), isolate 318 (ehdv-318), an untyped virus recovered from a sentinel calf herd at the khartoum university farm in central sudan, was characterized using molecular biological techniques. with dot blot hybridization technique, a cdna probe derived from genome segment 6 of ehdv-2 (alberta strain) hybridized with rna from ehdv-318. application of serogroup-specific ehdv polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to ehdv-318 rna resulted in specific amplification of a 3 ... | 1996 | 8972046 |
| experimental infection of culicoides lahillei (diptera: ceratopogonidae) with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (orbivirus: reoviridae). | to evaluate the vector competence of culicoides lahillei lutz for epizootic hemorrhagic disease (ehd) viruses, wild-caught females were allowed to feed on 4 viremic white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus zimmermann, experimentally infected with ehd virus serotype 2 (ehdv-2). colonized c. variipennis sonorensis (coquillett) were included as a positive control. virus was not isolated from 13 c. lahillei tested 4-15 d after feeding on deer with viremias of 3.0 or <2.1 log10 tissue culture infect ... | 1996 | 8906914 |
| molecular characterization of the segment 2 gene of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2: gene sequence and genetic diversity. | the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the major outer capsid protein vp2 from the alberta isolate of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (ehdv-2) was determined. complementary dna (cdna) corresponding to segment 2 was 3002 nucleotides in length with a single open reading frame that encoded a vp2 of 982 amino acids. although the vp2 from ehdv-2 was only 34% homologous to the cognate protein from ehdv-1, their predicted hydropathic profiles were similar, suggesting that ... | 1996 | 8874517 |
| expression of the major inner capsid protein of the epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus in baculovirus and potential diagnostic use. | the rna 7 encoding the major capsid protein (vp7) of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv), australian serotype 2 (strain cs439), was cloned and the complete nucleotide sequence was determined. the coding region contained 1047 nucleotides (nt) capable of encoding a predicted 349 amino acid (aa) polypeptide with a calculated molecular size of 38.087 kda. when the vp7 gene was expressed in bacterial or yeast expression systems, the expression product showed weak or no reactivity with polyclo ... | 1996 | 8864206 |
| development of pcr-based tests for the identification of north american isolates of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus. | a serogroup-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay and isolate identification strategies (restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) and nucleotide sequencing) were developed for the detection of north american isolates of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv). pcr primers (ehdv-pr4, ehdv-pr5) were designed to hybridize to the l3 gene of a north american isolate of ehdv serotype 1. total nucleic acid was extracted from preparations of infected tissue culture and pcr was performed usin ... | 1996 | 8825996 |
| systemic adenovirus infection associated with high mortality in mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) in california. | seventeen counties in northern california experienced epizootics of high mortality in the mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) population during the latter half of 1993. thirteen deer submitted to the california veterinary diagnostic laboratory system as part of this natural die-off had systemic adenovirus infection. pulmonary edema was present in all 13 deer. erosions, ulceration, and abscessation of the upper alimentary tract occurred in 7/13 deer. four of 13 deer had hemorrhagic enteritis. all 13 ... | 1996 | 8801705 |
| monoclonal antibody based competitive elisa for the detection of antibodies against epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer virus. | a monoclonal antibody based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (mc-elisa) for the detection of antibodies against epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer viruses (ehdv) is described. test sera were competed with a monoclonal antibody against the vp7 protein of ehdv serotype 1. the assay was capable of detecting antibodies to all serotypes of ehdv but unlike the agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) test, gave no cross-reactions with antibodies against bluetongue, palyam or tilligery viruses. ... | 1996 | 8801224 |
| site-specific mutations in the ns2 protein of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus markedly affect the formation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. | the importance of a conserved amino acid motif in the nonstructural protein ns2 of different orbiviruses was investigated with regard to virus inclusion body (vib) formation. a number of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus ns2 deletion and substitution mutants were prepared and expressed as baculovirus recombinants. deletion of the motif or substitution of at least three residues within the region, had a detrimental effect on vib formation in insect cells. furthermore, these ns2 mutants were no ... | 1996 | 8712931 |
| detection and differentiation of epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer and bluetongue viruses by serogroup-specific sandwich elisa. | a serogroup specific sandwich elisa was developed for the detection of epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer viruses (ehdv) in infected insects and tissue culture preparations. polyclonal rabbit antiserum against purified ehdv core particles was used to capture viral antigen and specific binding detected using guinea pig antisera against ehdv core particles followed by anti-guinea pig immunoglobulin enzyme-labelled conjugate. the assay is ehdv specific and detects all 8 serotypes. no cross-reac ... | 1996 | 8690767 |
| culicoides (diptera:ceratopogonidae) collected during epizootics of hemorrhagic disease among captive white-tailed deer. | to help determine specific vectors of epizootic hemorrhagic disease (ehd) and bluetongue (bt) viruses for white-tailed deer, odocoileus virginianus zimmermann, in the southeastern united states, culicoides sp. midges were collected during epizootics of hemorrhagic disease among captive white-tailed deer in georgia, mississippi, and north carolina. culicoides variipennis (coquillett), a confirmed vector of ehd and bt viruses, was present in low numbers in light-trap collections made at all sites. ... | 1996 | 8667402 |
| competitive elisa for the detection of antibodies against epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer virus. | a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is described for the detection of antibodies against epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer viruses (ehdv). test antisera were tested against a guinea-pig antiserum raised against ehdv core particles. the assay detected antibodies to all serotypes of ehdv, but unlike the agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) test, gave no cross-reactions with antibodies against bluetongue, palyam and tilligery viruses. the c-elisa would be ideal for use in epidemiologica ... | 1995 | 8609206 |
| epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus and bluetongue virus serotype distribution in white-tailed deer in georgia. | serum samples collected from 1,396 white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in five areas of georgia (usa) from 1989 to 1991 were tested for precipitating and serum neutralizing (sn) antibodies to the enzootic north american epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) and bluetongue virus (btv) serotypes. precipitating antibodies to the ehdv or btv serogroups, as detected by agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) tests, were present in 35%, 29%, and 39% of deer sampled in 1989, 1990, and 1991, respect ... | 1995 | 8592353 |
| development of polymerase chain reaction for specific identification of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1. | the diagnostic potential of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for specific identification of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 (ehdv-1) in cell culture and clinical specimens was evaluated. using oligonucleotide primers, selected from genome segment 2 of ehdv-1 (new jersey strain), the pcr-based assay resulted in a 862 base pair (bp) pcr product. ehdv-1 rna from united states prototype serotype 1 and a number of ehdv-1 field isolates, propagated in cell cultures, were detected by ... | 1995 | 8572948 |
| identification of a short domain within the non-structural protein ns2 of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus that is important for single strand rna-binding activity. | the role that a conserved amino acid motif, found in the non-structural protein ns2 of orbiviruses, plays in the interaction of this protein with single stranded (ss) rna was investigated by mutation analysis of the ns2 of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus. an ns2 mutant in which this motif (amino acids 75 to 83) was deleted was expressed in spodoptera frugiperda cells by a recombinant baculovirus and found to be unable to bind to poly(u)-sepharose. the deletion mutant also differed from wild ... | 1996 | 8558121 |
| use of a digoxigenin-labeled rna probe to detect all 24 serotypes of bluetongue virus in cell culture. | a digoxigenin-labeled rna probe, corresponding to the section of the bluetongue virus (btv) serotype 17 genome coding for nonstructural protein-1 (ns1), was applied to noninfected cell cultures and cell cultures infected with 24 different serotypes of btv, 2 serotypes of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, and african horse sickness virus type 4. the probe hybridized to all cell cultures infected with the various btv serotypes but did not hybridize to noninfected cell cultures or cell cultures ... | 1993 | 8389596 |
| detection of bluetongue virus from blood of infected sheep by use of an antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after amplification of the virus in cell culture. | an antigen-capture elisa was used to detect bluetongue virus (btv) from blood of infected sheep. a rabbit-origin capture antibody and a mouse-origin detection antibody combined with biotin-avidin amplification were used for the assay. the antigen-capture elisa could not detect virus directly from the blood of infected sheep because of low virus titer. to enhance detection, virus from infected blood was amplified in cell culture. virus could then be detected from cell culture supernatant fluids, ... | 1993 | 8388672 |
| sensitive identification of bluetongue virus serogroup by a colorimetric dual oligonucleotide sorbent assay of amplified viral nucleic acid. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedure coupled to an enzyme-linked oligonucleotide sorbent assay (elosa; a pcr-elosa) identified all 24 serotypic variants of bluetongue virus (btv) without identifying any of six viruses belonging to the related epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serogroup. the pcr-elosa detected 0.01 50% cell culture infectious doses of each serotype of btv. the sensitivity and serogroup-wide specificity of the pcr-elosa may enable it to replace the more expensive, time-co ... | 1993 | 8263190 |
| development of a nested-pcr test based on sequence analysis of epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses non-structural protein 1 (ns1). | two orbiviruses, epizootic hemorrhagic disease (ehd) and bluetongue (btv) viruses, cause disease in domestic and wild ruminant species. the gene that encodes non-structural protein 1 (ns1) of ehd virus, serotype 1, was sequenced and compared to ehd and btv ns1 sequences. the ns1 gene was found to be more conserved than the vp3 gene, and was selected as a target for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification. the ns1 genes of several btv viruses and another orbivirus, african horse sickness (a ... | 1994 | 8191788 |
| identification of epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer virus serotypes using a fluorescence inhibition test. | a fluorescence inhibition test (fit) is described for serotyping rapidly isolates of epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer virus (ehdv). the test used a serogroup-reactive monoclonal antibody in a immunofluorescence procedure to detect virus which resisted neutralisation by antisera to any of the eight known ehdv serotypes. the ehdv fit provided an accurate serotype identification procedure for all eight reference serotypes and, in comparison with the plaque inhibition assay, abbreviated the se ... | 1994 | 8188818 |
| bluetongue virus isolations from vectors and ruminants in central america and the caribbean. interamerican bluetongue team. | a regional prospective study of the epidemiology of bluetongue virus (btv) serotypes covering 11 countries in central america and the caribbean took place between 1987 and 1992. active surveillance revealed btv infection to be endemic in the absence of confirmed indigenous cases of bluetongue. during the 6-year span of the study, over 300 btv isolations were obtained from cattle and sheep. results of the earlier years of the study were summarized, and surveillance activities in the concluding mo ... | 1994 | 8172409 |
| serologic detection of bluetongue virus infection of black-tailed deer: comparison of serum neutralization, agar gel immunodiffusion, and competitive elisa assays. | three adult black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus) and four fawns were inoculated with bluetongue virus (btv) serotype 10 or 17, or epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) serotype 1. animals were bled at irregular intervals thereafter and the presence of virus-specific antibodies in serum determined by agar gel immunodiffusion (agid), serum neutralization (sn) and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa) tests. serum antibodies to btv were detected in all three te ... | 1994 | 8151833 |
| antibody prevalence of eight ruminant infectious diseases in california mule and black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus). | we tested 276 sera from 18 free-ranging black-tailed and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) herds in california (usa) collected from 1987 to 1991 in five biogeographical habitat types, for antibodies against eight infectious disease agents. overall antibody prevalence was 56% for anaplasma marginale, 31% for borrelia burgdorferi, 16% for bluetongue virus serotype 17, 15% for epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, 7% for coxiella burnetii and toxoplasma gondii, respectively, and 0% for bovine leukosis ... | 1994 | 8151824 |
| identification of domains in bluetongue virus vp3 molecules essential for the assembly of virus cores. | bluetongue virus (btv) cores consist of the viral genome and five proteins, including two major components (vp3 and vp7) and three minor components (vp1, vp4, and vp6). vp3 proteins form an inner scaffold for the deposition on the core of the surface layer of vp7. vp3 also encapsidates and interacts with the three minor proteins. the btv vp3 protein consists of 901 amino acids and has a sequence that is a highly conserved among btv serotypes and other orbiviruses (e.g., epizootic hemorrhagic dis ... | 1994 | 8151751 |
| contamination of genetically engineered cho-cells by epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv). | the characterization of a contaminating virus which was detected in genetically-engineered chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells during the production of biologicals is described in the present paper. under electron microscopy, the contaminating virus had a morphology resembling that of an orbivirus. the relationship was confirmed by nucleic acid analysis which showed a rna segment pattern characteristic of orbiviruses. with an immunoperoxidase staining of monolayer cells and through sero-neutraliza ... | 1993 | 8117434 |
| subcore- and core-like particles of broadhaven virus (brdv), a tick-borne orbivirus, synthesized from baculovirus expressed vp2 and vp7, the major core proteins of brdv. | the genes encoding the two major core proteins (vp2 and vp7) of broadhaven (brd) virus, a tick-borne orbivirus, were inserted into the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) under the control of copies of the acnpv polyhedrin promoter to produce two recombinant baculoviruses. infection of spodoptera frugiperda (sf) cells with a recombinant acnpv that synthesized brdv vp2 produced large numbers of brdv subcore-like particles. co-infection of cells with the two recombi ... | 1994 | 8079519 |
| the smallest gene of the orbivirus, epizootic hemorrhagic disease, is expressed in virus-infected cells as two proteins and the expression differs from that of the cognate gene of bluetongue virus. | the smallest gene (s10) of the virus of epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer (ehd, serotype 2) is expressed as two proteins in virus-infected cells. by contrast, the non-structural proteins (ns3 and ns3a) encoded in the smallest gene of bluetongue (bt) viruses are difficult to detect in virus-infected cells. the nucleotide sequence of s10 of ehdv-2 contains two in-frame initiation codons which allow for translation of proteins of mol. wt. 25503 and 23921 analogous to ns3 and ns3a of bt viruses. ... | 1994 | 8079516 |
| detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotypes 1 and 2 in cell culture and clinical samples using polymerase chain reaction. | the potential for the use of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in detecting epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) ribonucleic acid in cell cultures and clinical samples was studied. using oligoribonucleotide primers selected from genome segment 6 of ehdv-2 (alberta strain), the pcr-based assay resulted in a 387-base pair (bp) pcr product. ehdv rna from us prototype serotypes 1 and 2 and a number of ehdv field isolates, propagated in cell cultures, were detected by this ehdv pcr-based assa ... | 1994 | 8068743 |
| bluetongue virus infection in pregnant ewes. | inoculation of 53 ewes after 35, 45, 60, or 80 days of gestation with bluetongue virus serotypes 10, 11, 13, or 17, or with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotypes 1 or 2, resulted in overt clinical disease in the 47 ewes inoculated with bluetongue virus but not in the 6 ewes inoculated with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. none of the lambs produced by these ewes had developmental defects or any evidence of persistence of viremia. | 1994 | 8067615 |
| african horse sickness virus structure. | african horse sickness virus (ahsv), of which there are nine serotypes (ahsv-1, -2, etc.), is a member of orbivirus genus within the reoviridae family. both in morphology and molecular constituents ahsv particles are comparable to those of bluetongue virus (btv), the prototype virus of the genus. the two viruses have seven structural proteins (vp1-7) organized in two layered capsid. the outer capsid is composed of vp2 and vp5. the inner capsid, or core, is composed of two major proteins, vp3 and ... | 1994 | 8001348 |
| vaccinia virus expression of the vp7 protein of south african bluetongue virus serotype 4 and its use as an antigen in a capture elisa. | recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing the vp7 core protein of south african bluetongue virus serotype 4 (sa-btv4) were identified by polymerase chain reaction amplification. expression of vp7 was verified by radio-immunoprecipitation and a f(ab')2-based elisa. antibodies to vp7 were detected in sera from sheep that had been infected with 20 different virulent btv serotypes by using the vaccinia virus (vv) expressed vp7 as antigen in a capture elisa. f(ab')2-immobilised vv-expressed sa-btv4 vp7 ... | 1994 | 7979976 |
| experimentally induced infection with bluetongue virus serotype 11 in cows. | the consequences of inoculation of bluetongue virus (btv) serotype 11 into 16 susceptible cows either at the time of breeding or at specified stages of pregnancy were studied. the cows were free of btv or epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, and none had antibodies to btv before virus inoculation. a group of 4 cows was mated naturally to a bull reported to shed btv-11 (co75b300 strain) in the semen. the bull was suspected of infecting cows at mating with btv-11, which subsequently transplacental ... | 1994 | 7879975 |
| experimental epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus infection in calves: virologic and serologic studies. | 1994 | 7858031 | |
| sequence analysis of the non-structural protein 2 from epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses. | the non-structural protein 2 (ns2) of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 (ehd-1) was cloned and sequenced. the ns2 gene was found to be 1185 bp containing a single open reading frame that encodes a 376 amino acid protein. a 97% nucleic acid identity was found between ehd-1 and a previously published ns2 sequence of ehd-2. only a 60% nucleic acid identity was found between ehd and the bluetongue virus (btv) serogroup. comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences revealed 97% identit ... | 1994 | 7831965 |
| a rapid indirect elisa for the serogrouping of australian orbiviruses. | this communication describes the development and evaluation of a simple and rapid method for the classification of australian orbiviruses into one of seven established serogroups (i.e. bluetongue, epizootic haemorrhagic disease of deer, palyam, eubenangee, corriparta, wallal, warrego) or an 'ungrouped' category. the australian orbivirus serogrouping elisa (sg-elisa) utilised a sodium deoxycholate-treated cell lysate preparation from infected bhk cells which was subsequently probed in an indirect ... | 1994 | 7829593 |
| a model for the membrane topology of the ns3 protein as predicted from the sequence of segment 10 of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1. | segment 10, encoding nonstructural proteins 3 (ns3) and 3a (ns3a) of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 (ehdv-1) was sequenced. computer motif recognition programs were used for interpretation of the sequence data to predict a structure for ns3. integral membrane protein theories were then applied to produce a general topological model for the ehdv-1 ns3 protein. homology was observed between ehdv-1 ns3 integral membrane motifs and those similarly observed in the cognate proteins of ... | 1995 | 7794120 |
| comparison of the non-structural protein, ns1, of tick-borne and insect-borne orbiviruses. | the nucleotide sequence of rna segment 6 of broadhaven virus (brdv), a tick-borne orbivirus, was determined principally from two overlapping cdna clones and rna end sequence analysis. the genome segment is 1714 base pairs in length and has a coding capacity for a protein of 537 amino acids, having a net charge of +4.0 at neutral ph. comparison of the predicted amino acid sequence of brdv rna segment 6 with the ns1 sequence of insect-borne orbiviruses, bluetongue virus (btv), african horse sickne ... | 1995 | 7653106 |
| geographical genetic variation in the gene encoding vp3 from the alberta isolate of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. | the complete nucleic acid and deduced amino acid sequences of gene segment 3 and the encoded vp3 from the north american, alberta isolate of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2 (ehdv-2) are reported. complementary dna corresponding to segment 3 was 2768 nucleotides in length with an open reading frame of 2697 base pairs which encoded a vp3 polypeptide of 899 amino acid residues. sequence comparison with genome segment 3 and vp3 from the australian strain of ehdv-2 indicated genotypic ... | 1995 | 7653105 |
| comparison of polymerase chain reaction and virus isolation for detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus in clinical samples from naturally infected deer. | we compared our recently reported reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay for detection of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) in clinical samples with different virus isolation (vi) procedures. thirty-six blood samples and 1 spleen sample from deer were assessed by the ehdv pcr assay and vi in baby hamster kidney (bhk)-21 cells and embryonated chicken eggs (ece). the ehdv pcr assay detected ehdv rna from 6 blood samples obtained from deer during 1988-1989 outbre ... | 1995 | 7619901 |
| low prevalence of antibodies to bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses in dogs from southern georgia. | 1995 | 7578458 | |
| application of pcr for specific identification of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 2. | 1995 | 7578457 | |
| an epizootic of hemorrhagic disease in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in missouri: necropsy findings and population impact. | an epizootic occurred among white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) from july through october 1988 in missouri (usa). from late july through september, nine necropsied deer had lesions of the peracute or acute forms of hemorrhagic disease (hd) or no apparent lesions, whereas two deer necropsied in october had lesions of the chronic form of hd. epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus was isolated from two necropsied deer. based on changes in population indices, there is evidence that deer populati ... | 1995 | 7563421 |
| the multimeric nonstructural ns2 proteins of bluetongue virus, african horsesickness virus, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus differ in their single-stranded rna-binding ability. | the structure and single-stranded (ss) rna-binding by the nonstructural protein ns2 of three different orbiviruses were studied and compared. african horsesickness virus (ahsv), bluetongue virus (btv), and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) were analyzed in recombinant baculovirus-infected cells and in cells infected with btv and ahsv. sedimentation analysis and nonreducing sds-page revealed that ns2 of all three orbiviruses is a 7s multimer with both inter- and intramolecular disulfide ... | 1995 | 7539971 |
| fine mapping of a continuous epitope on vp7 of bluetongue virus using overlapping synthetic peptides and a random epitope library. | two complementary techniques have been used to delineate an epitope on vp7 of bluetongue virus. two mabs (f10 and d11), both of which bound within a region spanning amino acids 255 to 274 in the 349 amino acid protein, were used to probe overlapping synthetic peptides covering this region. a pentapeptide, qypal, and a hexapeptide, qy-palt (amino acids 259-264), preferentially bound both mabs. mab f10 also reacted with a heptapeptide (taeifnv) immediately adjacent to qypalt. the mabs were also us ... | 1994 | 7505073 |
| identification of the major north american bluetongue viruses using nucleic acid amplification techniques. | a set of primers (btv-pr1/2) were selected that hybridized to the vp3 gene of the major north american serotypes of bluetongue virus (btv). polymerase chain reaction (pcr) testing yielded positive results from specimens of major north american btv isolates (serotypes 10, 11, 13 and 17) propagated in vero cells. in addition, pcr assays were positive from samples of all other btv serotypes, except btv-16; however, an alternative primer pair (btv-prn1/n2) was devised for amplification of this serot ... | 1995 | 7477017 |
| hemagglutination of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. | hemagglutination of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) with a variety of erythrocyte species at 4 degrees c, room temperature and 37 degrees c was dependent on the nacl molarity and the ph of the diluent. the hemagglutination inhibition test was used to identify ehdv serotypes. | 1981 | 7295043 |
| replication and release of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus in bhk-21 cells. | epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) was seen by light and electron microscopy to replicate in perinuclear locations. tubules, paracrystals and virus matrices were associated with replication sites. as infection proceeded, aggregates of virus migrated towards the cell periphery, resulting in cell membrane rupture near the virus aggregate with the subsequent release of the virus aggregates. virus release, as seen by light microscopy, gave the appearance of occurring by a 'budding' process ... | 1982 | 7119752 |
| purification and stability of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. | purification of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) from sonicated cell culture supernatant was effected using polyethylene glycol (peg) precipitation and two cscl density gradient centrifugations. during purification procedures the ph was maintained at values close to ph 8.0 as ph stability for ehdv was maximal between ph 7.2 and ph 9.0. during cscl isopycnic centrifugation at ph 8.0, a 0.1 m or greater buffer was necessary to preserve maximum viral infectivity. this method of purificati ... | 1982 | 7107801 |
| the effect of temperature on the in vitro transcriptase reaction of bluetongue virus, epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus and african horsesickness virus. | virions of bluetongue virus (btv), epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) and african horsesickness virus (ahsv) can be converted to core particles by treatment with chymotrypsin and magnesium. the conversion is characterized by the removal of the 2 outer capsid polypeptides of the virion. the loss of these 2 proteins results in an increase in density from 1,36 g/ml to 1,40 g/ml on cscl gradients. the btv, ehdv and ahsv core particles have an associated double-stranded rna dependent rna tra ... | 1982 | 6308533 |
| epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus in montana: isolation and serologic survey. | epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) was isolated in vero cell culture from the spleen and whole blood of a white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). a 10% spleen suspension caused acute hemorrhagic disease (hd) when inoculated into an experimental white-tailed deer and resulted in the recovery of ehdv from the blood of the experimental animal at 5 days after inoculation. the virus was identified as ehdv serotype 2 through indirect fluorescent antibody tests, electron microscopy, and rec ... | 1981 | 6267969 |
| survey for antibodies to viruses of bovine virus diarrhea, bluetongue, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease in hunter-killed mule deer in new mexico. | sera from male mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) collected in november 1977 in otero county, new mexico were tested fro antibodies to bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv), bluetongue virus (btv), and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv). neutralizing antibodies were detected in 26 of 76 (34%) sera tested for bvdv (titer greater than or equal to 1:16). of 46 sera tested for antibodies to btv and ehdv, 10 (22%) and 3 (7%), respectively, were positive. three (7%) of 46 sera were suspect (titer < ... | 1980 | 6256331 |
| evaluation of a hemolysis-in-gel test for detection and quantitation of antibodies to bluetongue virus. | a hemolysis-in-gel (hig) test was developed to detect and quantitate antibody to bluetongue virus (btv). the hig test was sensitive and accurate when applied to sera from sheep and cattle infected with btv. sensitized sheep rbc were prepared by adsorption of partly purified btv to the cells. regression analysis of data showed a linear relationship between the diameter of the hemolytic zone and the log of the antibody concentration. the hig test did not differentiate among antiodies to four serot ... | 1980 | 6250425 |
| bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus isolation from vertebrate and invertebrate hosts at a common geographic site. | one serotype of bluetongue virus (btv) and two serotypes of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) were isolated from vertebrate and invertebrate hosts on a farm in colorado. the isolations were from blood samples collected a week apart from a dairy heifer with stomatitis and laminitis; ehdv serotypes 1 and 2 were isolated from the first blood sample, and btv serotype 13 and ehdv serotype 1 were isolated from the second. antibodies to ehdv and btv were detected in the serum from this heifer. ... | 1980 | 6243617 |
| cloning of the bluetongue virus l3 gene. | the genes of the bluetongue virus (btv) serotype 17 have been cloned into pbr322 by tailing both strands of the double-stranded rna with polyadenylic acid, transcribing them with reverse transcriptase with an oligodeoxythymidylic acid primer, hybridizing the cdna products, and completing them into duplex structures with the klenow fragment of escherichia coli dna polymerase. after cloning the double-stranded cdna molecules into pbr322, the complete sequence of the cloned l3 gene was determined. ... | 1984 | 6206235 |
| simple procedure for preparation of bluetongue virus and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus antigens for agar gel immunodiffusion. | a simplified procedure was developed for preparing soluble antigen from two related orbiviruses, bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses, for agar gel immunodiffusion. the antigens gave excellent results in both micro-agar gel diffusion (agar gel precipitin) and macro-agar gel diffusion (bluetongue immunodiffusion). minor modification in the spatial arrangement of reference antisera, commonly utilized in the agar gel immunodiffusion tests, was employed to reduce the possible develop ... | 1983 | 6140269 |
| serologic survey for selected microbial pathogens in alaskan wildlife. | antibodies to brucella spp. were detected in sera of seven of 67 (10%) caribou (rangifer tarandus), one of 39 (3%) moose (alces alces), and six of 122 (5%) grizzly bears (ursus arctos). antibodies to leptospira spp. were found in sera of one of 61 (2%) caribou, one of 37 (3%) moose, six of 122 (5%) grizzly bears, and one of 28 (4%) black bears (ursus americanus). antibodies to contagious ecthyma virus were detected in sera of seven of 17 (41%) dall sheep (ovis dalli) and five of 53 (10%) caribou ... | 1983 | 6139490 |
| serological survey of ruminants in some caribbean and south american countries for type-specific antibody to bluetongue and epizootic haemorrhagic disease viruses. | the results of a serological survey of ruminant livestock in some countries of the caribbean and south america for type-specific antibody to bluetongue virus are reported. using the microneutralisation test with the international serotypes 1 to 22 of bluetongue virus, antibodies to several types were detected. analysis of the data indicated that in 1981-82 bluetongue virus types 6, 14 and 17, or viruses closely related to them, were infecting ruminants in this region of the world. antibody to th ... | 1984 | 6087543 |
| experimental infection in north american elk with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. | 1973 | 4701179 | |
| ultrastructural characterization of genome of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. | purified epizootic hemorrhagic disease (ehd) virus preparations were treated with urea and sodium perchlorate. the viral ribonucleic acid (rna) released when spread on protein monolayers according to the kleinschmidt technique was examined by rotary shadow-casting electron microscopy. the viral rna released by urea treatment had filaments which frequently formed three to five loop-shaped figures of varied length. in 80% of the virus particles the lengths of the viral rna released were 2.5 to 4.5 ... | 1973 | 4354151 |
| bluetongue virus: some relationships among north american isolates and further comparisons with ehd virus. | seven isolates of bluetongue virus with different isolation histories and one isolate of the virus of epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer were cloned by three consecutive plaquings in l-929 cells. the isolates were categorized on plaque size and margin. antisera to the bluetongue virus isolates were produced in calves and antiserum to epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus in deer. plaque reduction neutralization tests were done using the eight isolates and antisera to six of these. the isolates ... | 1971 | 4327870 |
| epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus of deer: an electron microscopic study. | 1970 | 4192973 | |
| protein coding assignment for the genome of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus. | viral genomic rna was purified from bhk-21 cells infected with epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus and the 10 dsrna genome segments were isolated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. these genome segments were translated in vitro using the rabbit reticulocyte lysate system and the synthesized proteins were detected by immune precipitation and gel electrophoresis. this allowed the assignment of protein coding to the genome segments and the identification of two additional virus-specified prote ... | 1988 | 3133450 |