Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| the role of volatile semiochemicals in mediating host location and selection by nuisance and disease-transmitting cattle flies. | the role of volatile semiochemicals in mediating the location and selection within herds of holstein-friesian heifers by nuisance and disease-transmitting cattle flies was investigated using coupled gas chromatography-electrophysiology (gc-eag), coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), electrophysiology (eag), laboratory behaviour and field studies. using volatile extracts collected by air entrainment from heifers in the netherlands, a number of active peaks were located by coupled ... | 2004 | 15641996 |
| pharmacology of stomoxytachykinin receptor depends on second messenger system. | stkr is a neurokinin receptor derived from the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans. insect tachykinin-related peptides, also referred to as "insectatachykinins", produce dose-dependent calcium and cyclic amp responses in cultured drosophila melanogaster schneider 2 (s2) cells that were stably transfected with the cloned stkr cdna. pronounced differences in pharmacology were observed between agonist-induced calcium and cyclic amp responses. the results indicate that the pharmacological properties of ... | 2005 | 15626510 |
| persistence of escherichia coli in immature house fly and stable fly (diptera: muscidae) in relation to larval growth and survival. | the persistence of escherichia coli in artificially fed larvae was examined for up to 48 h after ingestion by house flies, musca domestica l., and stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.). the rate of change in the e. coli load was similar for both species for up to 5 h after ingestion. up to 48 h after ingestion, abundance of e. coli declined in immature house flies but remained constant in immature stable flies. when different e. coli concentrations were fed to larvae, the abundance of e. coli i ... | 2004 | 15605648 |
| stomoxys calcitrans parasitism associated with cattle diseases in espírito santo do pinhal, são paulo, brazil. | the stable fly has been of great significance to livestock production in the county of espirito santo do pinhal; it has a painful bite, sucks blood, and carries many diseases. the aim of this study was to establish a relationship between the parasitism of stomoxys calcitrans, manure management, cattle diseases, and technical support. according to the farmers the stable fly reaches its highest level in the rainy season, the same period in which diseases were detected. most of the farmers said tha ... | 2004 | 15604496 |
| large sticky traps for capturing house flies and stable flies in dairy calf greenhouse facilities. | large sticky traps were evaluated for stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), and house fly, musca domestica l., (diptera: muscidae) capture under field conditions in 5 dairy calf greenhouse facilities in new york. the farm with the highest stable fly capture had the highest house fly capture, and the farm with the lowest stable fly capture had the lowest house fly capture, suggesting that fly management practices greatly influenced trap captures. in general, stable fly populations, as reflected b ... | 2005 | 15591381 |
| biological control of house flies musca domestica and stable flies stomoxys calcitrans(diptera: muscidae) by means of inundative releases of spalangia cameroni(hymenoptera: pteromalidae). | the efficacy of the pupal parasitoid spalangia cameroni perkins as a biological control agent was tested against house flies musca domestica linnaeus and stable flies stomoxys calcitrans (linnaeus) in one dairy cattle and two pig installations in denmark. weekly releases of s. cameroni from april through to september-october 1999 and 2000 resulted in significant suppressions of house fly populations to below nuisance level, whereas no effect on stable flies was found. parasitism was significantl ... | 2004 | 15541194 |
| evaluation of stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae) behavioral response to human and related odors in a triple cage olfactometer with insect traps. | a triple cage olfactometer provided with insect traps was used for evaluating behavioral responses of stomoxys calcitrans (l.) females to human skin and breath, co2, and l-lactic acid analogs. after demonstrating there were no significant differences caused by cage location or time of day, 3 sets of 3 olfactometer tests were performed in a day, every 2 h beginning at 0900 hours. when a human hand was used as attractant, the attraction (expressed as percentage of trapped flies) increased as a fun ... | 2000 | 15535569 |
| [a new morphological character for the identification of stomoxys calcitrans and s. niger (diptera: muscidae). comparison of la réunion island populations]. | on la reunion island (france), two morphological closely related species of stable flies (diptera: muscidae), living in the same environment, stomoxys calcitrans and s. niger, are involved in the transmission of blood parasites to the livestock. to facilitate a rapid identification of both species in the field conditions, we highlighted a diagnostic morphological character not yet described: the length of the maxillary palpus. the study of three populations of s. calcitrans and two populations o ... | 2004 | 15490759 |
| detection of campylobacter and escherichia coli o157:h7 from filth flies by polymerase chain reaction. | flies (diptera: muscidae) that breed in faeces and other organic refuse (filth flies) have been implicated as vectors of pathogenic bacteria including escherichia coli o157:h7, which cause haemorrhagic colitis in humans, and campylobacter, which is the principal causative agent of human enteritis. the potential role of filth flies in the epidemiology of these pathogens in the united states was investigated by examining the prevalence of campylobacter spp. and e. coli o157:h7 from two arkansas tu ... | 2004 | 15347391 |
| bartonella spp. dna associated with biting flies from california. | bartonella dna was investigated in 104 horn flies (haematobia spp.), 60 stable flies (stomoxys spp.), 11 deer flies (chrysops spp.), and 11 horse flies (tabanus spp.) collected on cattle in california. partial sequencing indicated b. bovis dna in the horn fly pool and b. henselae type m dna in one stable fly. | 2004 | 15324557 |
| substitution of conserved glycine residue by alanine in natural and synthetic neuropeptide ligands causes partial agonism at the stomoxytachykinin receptor. | a few naturally occurring insect tachykinin-related peptides, such as stomoxytachykinin (stc-tk), contain an ala-residue instead of the highly conserved gly-residue that is present in most other members of this peptide family. stc-tk is a potent, partial agonist of the stable fly (stomoxys calcitrans) tachykinin receptor, stkr. by means of synthetic analogues, the gly/ala exchange, representing the addition of a single methyl group in the active core region of these peptides, was shown to be ful ... | 2004 | 15228603 |
| use of a real-time polymerase chain reaction-based fluorogenic 5' nuclease assay to evaluate insect vectors of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis infections in horses. | to develop and use a sensitive molecular assay for detecting the phospholipase d (pld) exotoxin gene of corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in an attempt to identify insect vectors that may be important in transmission of clinical disease in horses. | 2004 | 15198224 |
| abundance of stable flies on heifers treated for control of horn flies with organophosphate impregnated ear tags. | ear tags containing 40% organophosphate insecticides (diazinon or diazinon plus chlorpyrifos-ethyl) were applied to control haematobia irritans (l.) (diptera: muscidae) in treated (tg01 and tg02) and untreated (ug01 and ug02) groups of holstein heifers born in 2001 and 2002, respectively. control and treated groups were assessed for the abundance of stomoxys calcitrans (l.) (diptera: muscidae) from august 2001 to april 2002 and again from august 2002 to april 2003. the treatment had a high effic ... | 2004 | 15009440 |
| tests with repellents against the stable fly. | 1951 | 14880533 | |
| [stomoxys calcitrans]. | 1951 | 14830600 | |
| sequence change and phylogenetic signal in muscoid coii dna sequences. | the complete dna sequence of the mtdna cytochrome oxidase ii gene from house fly, musca domestica, face fly, musca autumnalis, stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, horn fly, haematobia irritans, and black garbage fly, hydrotaea aenescens, are reported. the nucleotide sequence codes for a 229 amino acid peptide. the coii sequence is a + t rich (74.1%), with up to 12.3% nucleotide and 8.4% amino acid divergence among the five taxa. of the 688 nucleotides encoding for the gene, 135 nucleotide sites (19 ... | 2003 | 14631656 |
| isolation of enterobacter sakazakii from midgut of stomoxys calcitrans. | 2003 | 14626227 | |
| the cultivation and nutritional requirements of stomoxys calcitrans. | 1964 | 14272458 | |
| pepsin-like enzyme in larvae of stable flies. | a pepsin-like enzyme has been found in larvae of the stable fly. the activity is detectable in homogenates of whole larvae and in homogenates of isolated midguts, the latter of which possess a ph environment low enough to support a peptic enzyme. the ph optimum of the activity was determined to be 2.4. | 1959 | 13658977 |
| transmission of experimental toxoplasmosis by stomoxys calcitrans. | 1956 | 13365544 | |
| [studies on structure and function of stigmates in various species of tsetse flies and stomoxys calcitrans]. | 1952 | 13040094 | |
| attempted mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by biting insects. | the mosquitoes anopheles stephensi liston and culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae), the stable fly stomoxys calcitrans linnaeus (diptera: muscidae) and the biting midge culicoides nubeculosus meigen (diptera: ceratopogonidae) were allowed to feed on either lumpy skin disease (lsd) infected animals or through a membrane on a bloodmeal containing lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv). these arthropods were then allowed to refeed on susceptible cattle at various intervals after the infective f ... | 2003 | 12941014 |
| natriuretic and depolarizing effects of a stable fly (stomoxys calcitrans) factor on malpighian tubules. | a two-step hplc purification procedure resulted in a factor from the stable fly that depolarizes the lumen-negative transepithelial voltage (v(t)) of the adult stable fly malpighian tubule. when applied to tubules of the female mosquito, aedes aegypti, this factor partially mimics the electrophysiological actions of the mosquito natriuretic factor (mnf). it also selectively increases active transepithelial na transport by the mosquito malpighian tubule. the blood meal causes a transient increase ... | 1997 | 12770470 |
| cycling of ecdysteroid levels in adult female stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans in relation to blood feeding. | the effect of blood-feeding on total and specific immunoreactive ecdysteroids in stomoxys calcitrans adult females was examined following the fourth and fifth blood meals when total whole body and hemolymph ecdysteroids showed a dramatic increase in the titer. in general, for both total and specific immunoreactive ecdysteroids that included highly polar material, 20,26-dihydroxyecdysone, 20-hydroxyecdysone and ecdysone, there were clear differences between the effects of the fourth and fifth mea ... | 1997 | 12770457 |
| learning to fear and cope with a natural stressor: individually and socially acquired corticosterone and avoidance responses to biting flies. | animals learn to recognize and respond to a variety of dangerous factors, with biting and blood-feeding flies being among the most prevalent of natural stressors. here we describe the behavioral avoidance and hormonal (corticosterone) stress responses to biting fly exposure and the roles of individual and social learning in the acquisition of these fear-associated responses. male mice exposed to a single 30-min session of attack by intact biting flies (stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans l.) exhibit ... | 2003 | 12614639 |
| modulation of bovine lymphocyte response by salivary gland extracts of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae). | the effect of salivary gland extract of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l), on bovine lymphocyte proliferation was determined, and antibody reactivity to salivary gland proteins was characterized in cattle exposed to stable flies. salivary glands were dissected from male and female flies (4-8 d after eclosion), and protein extracts were made by freeze-thaw cycles. salivary gland extract (sge, 1 and 5 microg) significantly inhibited mitogen-driven proliferation of bovine lymphocytes, compare ... | 2002 | 12495190 |
| recombinant aequorin as a reporter for receptor-mediated changes of intracellular ca2+ -levels in drosophila s2 cells. | the bioluminescent ca(2+)-sensitive reporter protein, aequorin, was employed to develop an insect cell-based functional assay system for monitoring receptor-mediated changes of intracellular ca(2)(+)-concentrations. drosophila schneider 2 (s2) cells were genetically engineered to stably express both apoaequorin and the insect tachykinin-related peptide receptor, stkr. lom-tk iii, an stkr agonist, was shown to elicit concentration-dependent bioluminescent responses in these s2-stkr-aeq cells. the ... | 2002 | 12488971 |
| the dh gene of drosophila melanogaster encodes a diuretic peptide that acts through cyclic amp. | dh, the gene that encodes a crf-like peptide in drosophila melanogaster, is described. the product of this gene is a 44-amino-acid peptide (drome-dh(44)) with a sequence almost identical to the musca domestica and stomoxys calcitrans diuretic hormones. there are no other similar peptides encoded within the known drosophila genomic sequence. functional studies showed that the deduced peptide stimulated fluid production, and that this effect was mediated by cyclic amp in principal cells only: ther ... | 2002 | 12432004 |
| occurrence of insect kinins in the flesh fly, stable fly and horn fly-mass spectrometric identification from single nerves and diuretic activity. | maldi-tof mass spectrometric analysis of single lateral abdominal nerves (lans) demonstrate the presence of the insect kinin musdo-k in the housefly musca domestica, and identify heretofore unknown insect kinins in two other dipteran species as musdo-k in the stable fly stomoxys calcitrans and horn fly haematobia irritans. the insect kinin native to the flesh fly neobellieria bullata is identified as drome-k. musdo-k and drome-k are identical save for the conservative substitution of ser for thr ... | 2002 | 12431726 |
| diptera brachycera horse parasites in a stable/manège in northern italy. | the presence of tabanids and muscoid fly (diptera brachycera) parasites of horses in a stable/manège near verona (northern italy) is reported. tabanus quatuornotatus, t. glaucopis, t. exclusus, hybomitra muehlfeldi, haematopota pandazisi, stomoxys calcitrans and haematobia irritans were the blood-sucking species directly found on horses. musca domestica, ophyra sp. and fannia canicularis were the flies most frequently collected by sticky traps in the stable. | 2001 | 12402525 |
| epithelial innate immunity. a novel antimicrobial peptide with antiparasitic activity in the blood-sucking insect stomoxys calcitrans. | the gut epithelium is an essential interface in insects that transmit parasites. we investigated the role that local innate immunity might have on vector competence, taking stomoxys calcitrans as a model. s. calcitrans is sympatric with tsetse flies, feeds on many of the same vertebrate hosts, and is thus regularly exposed to the trypanosomes that cause african sleeping sickness and nagana. despite this, s. calcitrans is not a cyclical vector of these trypanosomes. trypanosomes develop exclusive ... | 2002 | 12372834 |
| chronological age-grading of house flies by using near-infrared spectroscopy. | the sensitivity and accuracy of near-infrared spectroscopy (nirs) was compared with that of the pteridine fluorescence technique for estimating the chronological age of house flies, musca domestica (l.). although results with both techniques were significantly correlated with fly age, confidence limits on predicted ages generally were smaller with nirs. young flies could be readily differentiated from old flies by using nirs. age predictions using the pteridine method are dependent upon size, se ... | 2002 | 12061447 |
| transferability of hiv by arthropods supports the hypothesis about transmission of the virus from apes to man. | the primate pan troglodytes troglodytes, a chimpanzee subspecies, has recently been defined as a natural animal host of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). apes are traditionally hunted in africa and are offered for sale in open-air meat markets. the bloody carcasses are regularly covered with blood-feeding flies, amongst them possibly the stable fly (stomoxvs calcitrans l.). a cosmopolitically occurring biting fly. this fly is the effective vector for the retrovirus causing equine infectiou ... | 2002 | 12061404 |
| analysis of c-terminally substituted tachykinin-like peptide agonists by means of aequorin-based luminescent assays for human and insect neurokinin receptors. | aequorin-based assays for stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, (stkr) and human (neurokinin receptor 1 (nk1), neurokinin receptor 2 (nk2)) neurokinin-like receptors were employed to investigate the impact of a c-terminal amino acid exchange in synthetic vertebrate ('fxglma') and invertebrate ('fx1gx2ra') tachykinin-like peptides. c-terminally (arg to met) substituted analogs of the insect tachykinin-related peptide, lom-tk i, displayed increased agonistic potencies in luminescent assays for human nk ... | 2002 | 12007570 |
| association of midgut defensin with a novel serine protease in the blood-sucking fly stomoxys calcitrans. | using elisa we provide direct evidence that the midgut defensins of the blood-sucking fly stomoxys calcitrans are secreted into the gut lumen. we show that midgut defensin peptide levels increase up to fortyfold in response to a blood meal but not to a sugar meal. the data suggests the midgut defensin genes are post-transcriptionally regulated and that their function is protection of the stored blood meal from bacterial attack while it awaits digestion. using recombinant defensins produced in pi ... | 2002 | 12000638 |
| comparsion of selected growth media for culturing serratia marcescens, aeromonas sp., and pseudomonas aeruginosa as pathogens of adult stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae). | stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), were orally infected with aeromonas sp., pseudomonas aeruginosa (schroeter), and serratia marcescens bizio that were cultured on egg-yolk media, nutrient broth, and fly egg media. aeromonas and serratia caused mortality when the bacteria were originally grown on egg-yolk medium. pseudomonas was equally lethal regardless of the media on which it was cultured. a wild isolate of aeromonas caused greater death than an isolate that had been passed through host ... | 2002 | 11931277 |
| assessment of parasitism of house fly and stable fly (diptera: muscidae) pupae by pteromalid (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) parasitoids using a polymerase chain reaction assay. | the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of the ribosomal dna of house flies, musca domestica l., the stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), and four parasitoid species in the genus muscidifurax (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) were characterized to develop a method based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to better define the role of pteromalid parasitism of pupae of the house fly and stable fly. two parasitoid-specific primers were designed to anneal to the 5' end of the 5.8s rrna gene in ... | 2002 | 11931272 |
| attractiveness of beach ball decoys to adult stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae). | the attractiveness of inflated beach balls covered with adhesive and used as decoys to trap adult stable flies was investigated on florida panhandle beaches. decoys were painted either solid black, solid white, or a mixed pattern that consisted of three equally spaced white circles (20 cm diameter) on a solid black background. another set of decoys (referred to as plain) were unpainted and retained the manufacturer's original color scheme. the plain decoy consisted of a separate blue, yellow, an ... | 2002 | 11931245 |
| regulation of midgut defensin production in the blood-sucking insect stomoxys calcitrans. | the stomoxys midgut defensin (smd) family of genes are exclusively expressed in the anterior midgut of adult flies. their putative function is protection of the stored bloodmeal from microbial attack. smd genes are constitutively expressed, up-regulated in response to a bloodmeal and further up-regulated by immune stimulation per os but only in the presence of a bloodmeal not a sugar meal. smd genes are down-regulated in response to a systemic immune challenge. smd gene constructs transfected in ... | 2001 | 11903625 |
| gemin5, a novel wd repeat protein component of the smn complex that binds sm proteins. | the survival of motor neurons (smn) protein is the product of the disease gene of spinal muscular atrophy and is found both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, where it is concentrated in gems. smn is part of a multi-protein complex that includes gemin2, gemin3, and gemin4. the smn complex plays an important role in the cytoplasmic assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snrnps) and likely other rnps in pre-mrna splicing and in the assembly of transcriptosomes. here, we report the identifica ... | 2002 | 11714716 |
| pharmacological characterization of stkr, an insect g protein-coupled receptor for tachykinin-like peptides. | stkr is a g protein-coupled receptor that was cloned from the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans. multiple sequence comparisons show that the amino acid sequence of this insect receptor displays several features that are typical for tachykinin (or neurokinin, nk) receptors. insect tachykinin-related peptides, also referred to as "insectatachykinins," produce dose-dependent calcium responses in drosophila melanogaster schneider 2 cells, which are stably transfected with this receptor (s2-stkr). thes ... | 2001 | 11519074 |
| child neglect and forensic entomology. | close co-operation between forensic scientists, medico-legal doctors, and police forces made it possible to estimate not only the post-mortem interval but also the time since a child was neglected. on the skin surface under the diaper (anal-genital area), third instar larvae of the false stable fly muscina stabulans fallen, and the lesser house fly fannia canicularis l. were found. f. canicularis adults are attracted to both feces and urine. from the face, larvae of the bluebottle fly calliphora ... | 2001 | 11457624 |
| diptera as vectors of mycobacterial infections in cattle and pigs. | mycobacteria were isolated from 14 (4.5%) of 314 samples, containing 7791 adult diptera, which were collected in the czech republic and slovakia in 1997-2000. these flies were collected from three cattle herds with paratuberculosis, two pig herds with mycobacterial infections and one farm that kept both cattle and pigs and that did not have problems of mycobacterial infections. mycobacterium intracellulare was isolated from eristalis tenax linnaeus (diptera: syrphidae) captured from a pig herd. ... | 2001 | 11434556 |
| effects of stable flies (diptera: muscidae) on weight gains of grazing yearling cattle. | differences in weight gains caused by stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), on grazing yearling steer/calves averaged 0.2 kg per steer in a 3-yr study on canyon range pastures in west central nebraska, stable fly numbers averaged 0.85 per front leg on treated calves and 3.64 per front leg on control calves. in 2 of the 3 yr after the grazing trials were completed, the calves were placed in a feedlot and fed a finishing ration. compensatory gain did not occur in the feedlot after the stable fly ... | 2001 | 11425037 |
| larvicidal activity of endectocides against pest flies in the dung of treated cattle. | cattle were treated with topical formulations of endectocides to assess the larvicidal activity of faecal residues against horn fly, haematobia irritans (l.), house fly, musca domestica l., and stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.) (diptera: muscidae). in laboratory bioassays, doramectin, eprinomectin and ivermectin suppressed horn fly in dung of cattle treated at least 4 weeks previously and suppressed house fly and stable fly in dung of cattle treated 1-5 weeks previously. moxidectin suppressed ... | 2001 | 11297096 |
| nmda-mediated social learning of fear-induced conditioned analgesia to biting flies. | although fear conditioning has received extensive neurobiological attention little is known about social learning whereby one individual may learn and acquire the fear responses of another. a 30 min exposure to intact biting flies (stable fly, stomoxys colcitrans l.) elicits in individual fly-naive mice analgesia and active self burying responses to avoid the flies. fly-naive observer mice that witnessed other demonstrator mice being attacked by biting flies exhibited analgesia and self-burying ... | 2001 | 11277559 |
| molecular characterization of two serine proteases expressed in gut tissue of the african trypanosome vector, glossina morsitans morsitans. | serine proteases are major insect gut enzymes involved in digestion of dietary proteins, and in addition they have been implicated in the process of pathogen establishment in several vector insects. the medically important vector, tsetse fly (diptera:glossinidiae), is involved in the transmission of african trypanosomes, which cause devastating diseases in animals and humans. both the male and female tsetse can transmit trypanosomes and both are strict bloodfeeders throughout all stages of their ... | 2001 | 11240636 |
| behavioral response of stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae) to conspecific feces and feces extracts. | the attraction response of stomoxys calcitrans (l.) to its own feces was evaluated in a triple cage olfactometer. both time- and concentration-response relationships were obtained for female s. calcitrans exposed to cellulose sponges impregnated with fresh fly feces or filter papers treated with chloroform:methanol extracts of fresh fly feces in 6-min tests. attraction to feces collected on cellulose sponges decreased as the air flow increased. feces collected on cellulose sponges and held for 2 ... | 2000 | 11126557 |
| transformation of stomoxys calcitrans with a hermes gene vector. | the ability of the hermes transposable element to function as a germ line transformation vector was tested in the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans. plasmid-based transposable element mobility assays indicated moderate mobility of hermes in this species. germline transformants were created using a hermes element containing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) under the regulatory control of the promoter from actin5c gene of drosophila melanogaster. approximately 4% of the fifty-five adult ... | 2000 | 11029672 |
| sunlight-activated insecticides: historical background and mechanisms of phototoxic activity. | several photosensitizing agents, which are activated by illumination with sunlight or artificial light sources, have been shown to be accumulated in significant amounts by a variety of insects when they are administered in association with suitable baits. the subsequent exposure of such insects to uv/visible light leads to a significant drop in survival. of the photosensitizers tested so far, xanthenes (e.g. phloxin b) and porphyrins (e.g. haematoporphyrin) appear to be endowed with the highest ... | 2000 | 10899458 |
| characterization of a receptor for insect tachykinin-like peptide agonists by functional expression in a stable drosophila schneider 2 cell line. | stkr is an insect g protein-coupled receptor, cloned from the stable fly stomoxys calcitrans. it displays sequence similarity to vertebrate tachykinin [or neurokinin (nk)] receptors. functional expression of the cloned stkr cdna was obtained in cultured drosophila melanogaster schneider 2 (s2) cells. insect tachykinin-like peptides or "insectatachykinins," such as locusta tachykinin (lom-tk) iii, produced dose-dependent calcium responses in stably transfected s2-stkr cells. vertebrate tachykinin ... | 2000 | 10800964 |
| age structure and abundance in populations of muscoid flies from a poultry facility in southeast brazil. | muscina stabulans, m. domestica, chrysomya putoria, c. megacephala and stomoxys calcitrans were the most abundant muscoid flies captured in a poultry facility in southeastern brazil. we examined the gonadotrophic profiles of the females caught at different sites and different times and found that mu. stabulans and m. domestica, the predominant species, presented similar gonadotrophic profiles only when captured on the manure under the cages, but very different and sometimes opposite gonadotrophi ... | 2000 | 10733750 |
| porphyrins and related compounds as photoactivatable insecticides. 3. laboratory and field studies. | the exposure of populations of ceratitis capitata (fruit fly), bactrocera oleae (olive fly) and stomoxis calcitrans (house fly) to a bait containing mumolar concentrations of porphyrin-type photosensitizers resulted in a significant accumulation of the porphyrin by the insects and a consequent development of photosensitivity upon exposure to visible light. the photoinsecticidal activity appeared to increase with increasing hydrophobicity of the porphyrin molecule: thus, the amphiphilic dicationi ... | 2000 | 10687383 |
| stable fly, house fly (diptera: muscidae), and other nuisance fly development in poultry litter associated with horticultural crop production. | poultry litter usage in horticultural crop production is a contributor to nuisance fly populations, in particular stable flies (stomoxys calcitrans l.) and house flies (musca domestica l.). extrapolation of adult emergence data suggests that approximately 1.5 million house flies and 0.2 million stable flies are emerging on average from every hectare of poultry litter applied as a preplant fertilizer for vegetable production in perth, western australia. to a lesser extent, sideband applications t ... | 1999 | 10633577 |
| the role of houseflies (musca domestica) in harbouring corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in dairy herds in israel. | a study was conducted to assess the role of houseflies, musca domestica l. in harbouring corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in dairy farms in israel. the bacterium was isolated in june 1993 from 40 wild houseflies which had fed on a lesion on a cow, and from 28 laboratory flies fed on contaminated milk from a cow infected with mastitis. the bacterium was recovered from the body surface of 10 flies (of a total of 160) 10 min after being dipped entirely in a bacterial broth. the bacterium was reco ... | 1999 | 10588012 |
| evaluation of various substances to increase adult stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae) collections on alsynite cylinder traps in north florida. | during 1993-1995, field studies evaluated various volatile substances to increase the catch of adult stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans l., on adhesive-coated translucent fiberglass (alsynite) cylinder traps. dry ice, 1-octen-3-ol (referred to as octenol), acetone, 4:1:8 mixture of 1 octen-3-ol: 3-n-propylphenol: 4-methylphenol, and an eye gnat (hippelates) attractant were tested. using dry ice as a baseline, the latter 4 treatments also were considered as possible alternatives to carbon dioxide. ... | 1999 | 10534955 |
| skin lesions and cattle hide damage from haematobia irritans infestations. | the horn fly haematobia irritans l. (diptera: muscidae) has recently spread to argentina and uruguay and is believed to cause damage to cattle hides. four groups of ten holstein steers each were maintained for 58 weeks under different infestation levels with h. irritans to determine if it was the cause of this problem. hides (chrome tanned) from steers maintained under minimum infestation level had 4.7 +/- 3.8% of the area damaged. maintaining the steers under low h. irritans level for the last ... | 1999 | 10514060 |
| rearing stable fly larvae (diptera: muscidae) on an egg yolk medium. | the growth and survival of stomoxys calcitrans (l.) larvae on egg yolk medium inoculated with bacteria isolated from a colony of stable flies was evaluated. five species of bacteria--acinetobacter sp., aeromonas sp., empedobacter breve (holmes & owen), flavobacterium odoratum stutzer, and serratia marcescens bizio--were identified according to fatty acid profiles using a microbial identification system. larvae failed to develop on uninoculated plates, confirming that bacteria are required to com ... | 1999 | 10337112 |
| ultrastructural localization of unique neurosecretory granules in the corpora cardiaca of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, and the tsetse fly, glossina morsitans. | ultrastructural analysis of the corpora cardiaca of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, and the tsetse fly, glossina morsitans, revealed the presence of elementary neurosecretory granules (eng) unique to the intrinsic neurosecretory cells (inc) of these species. in addition to electron-dense spheres, the inc of the corpus species. in addition to electron-dense spheres, the inc of the corpus cardiacum of the stable fly contain electrondense angular granules, either square or rectangular in shape ... | 1999 | 10322625 |
| management of ectoparasites with biological control organisms. | biological control is not a new concept, but for many reasons it is gaining interest for control of livestock ectoparasites. these reasons will be discussed, both from a political view and from environmental and economic views. the us government has vowed to reduce pesticide use by the year 2000, but other forces may drive this change even faster. pesticide costs are high, and efficacy against some pests is questionable. also, many producers are concerned about the environment, and are anxious t ... | 1999 | 10048827 |
| releases of spalangia nigroaenea and muscidifurax zaraptor (hymenoptera: pteromalidae) increase rates of parasitism and total mortality of stable fly and house fly (diptera: muscidae) pupae in illinois cattle feedlots. | weekly releases of spalangia nigroaenea curtis and muscidifurax zaraptor kogan & legner from may through august of 1991-1993 at small, owner-operated cattle feedlots in illinois provided weekly emergence of 100-300 parasitoids of each species per feedlot animal. in assessments based on fly and parasitoid emergence from > 47,000 stable fly and house fly puparia collected during the 3-yr period, total stable fly mortality was greater in lots where releases were made (60.7%) than in paired, untreat ... | 1998 | 9805499 |
| sex differences in opioid and n-methyl-d-aspartate mediated non-opioid biting fly exposure induced analgesia in deer mice. | there is evidence for sex differences in responses to noxious stimuli and in the expression and mediation of analgesia. in particular, results of investigations with swim stress and the more ethologically appropriate stress of predator odor exposure have suggested sex differences in n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptor system involvement in the mediation of analgesia. whether or not this sex difference generalizes to other environmental stressors is, however, not clear. biting flies are a natura ... | 1998 | 9766834 |
| serum and skin surface antibodies and their associations with sheep biting lice, bovicola ovis, on experimentally infested sheep. | the sheep biting louse (bovicola ovis) feeds superficially on the skin of sheep but appears to stimulate an immune response. in this study we examined the association between louse infestation and serum and skin surface antibodies. louse numbers were monitored on experimentally infested polypay and columbia ewes for two years and on their lambs in the second year. serum and skin wash samples were tested for antibodies to soluble extracts of b. ovis, stomoxys calcitrans and musca autumnalis by en ... | 1998 | 9737599 |
| cloning, sequencing, temporal expression and tissue-specificity of two serine proteases from the midgut of the blood-feeding fly stomoxys calcitrans. | using highly degenerate, serine-protease-specific pcr primers on a midgut-specific cdna library it was estimated that a minimum of 24 independent serine proteases were expressed in the midgut of stomoxys calcitrans. the relative abundance of these 24 independent serine proteases has been estimated by restriction analysis of pcr products, showing that 69% fall into six almost equally abundant groups. two highly abundant serine protease cdnas (ssp1 and ssp2) were isolated and sequenced. they encod ... | 1998 | 9660182 |
| pruritus and dermal response to insect antigens in sheep infested with bovicola ovis. | this study examined the relationships among louse density, pruritus and dermal response to insect antigens in sheep infested with bovicola ovis. polypay and columbia ewes were allocated to two groups, infested and naive, and louse densities and pruritus were monitored for 15 months. ten months after the initial infestation, all sheep were tested for hypersensitivity on the midside and ears by intradermal injection of soluble extracts of b. ovis, stomoxys calcitrans and musca autumnalis. the area ... | 1998 | 9559360 |
| synthesis and endectocidal activity of novel 1-(arylsulfonyl)-1-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]methane derivatives. | we have recently synthesized a series of novel disulfonylmethane compounds that have shown anthelmintic and insecticidal (endectocidal) activity. several analogues have shown activity against the internal nematode haemonchus contortus. in sheep studies, these analogues have shown 100% control of this internal parasite at a 10 mg/kg rate. in vitro activity against the biting flies, stomoxys calcitrans and haematobia irritans, has been observed at rates as low as 25 and 2.3 ppm, respectively. only ... | 1998 | 9544209 |
| relationships between temperature and life-history parameters of stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae). | relationships between temperature and life history parameters were determined for the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.). median immature developmental times ranged from > 60 d at 15 degrees c to < 12 d at 30 degrees c, with minimum time at 30.6 degrees c. egg survival decreased from 0.98 at 15 degrees c to 0.91 at 20 degrees c, then increased to 0.98 at 35 degrees c. larval survival ranged from 0.83 at 20 degrees c to 0.65 at 35 degrees c, and pupal survival ranged from 0.93 at 20 degrees c t ... | 1998 | 9538570 |
| population profile of stable flies (diptera: muscidae) caught on alsynite traps in various feedlot habitats. | cylindrical traps made from alsynite fiberglass were placed in 4 habitats in a confined cattle feedlot environment from 2 may to 30 october 1996 to evaluate abundance, sex ratio, physiological age structure, and blood-fed status of trapped adult stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.). significantly more stable flies were caught on the trap located between host cattle and trees. the abundance of stable flies decreased geometrically with increasing distance from the host cattle in the open area. t ... | 1998 | 9495090 |
| stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, mouthpart removal influences stress and anticipatory responses in mice. | biting fly attack induces a variety of stress and anxiety related changes in the physiology and behaviour of the target animals. significant reductions in pain, or more appropriately, nociceptive sensitivity (latency of a foot-lifting response to an aversive thermal stimulus), are evident in laboratory mice after a 1 h exposure to stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans. the role of the various components of biting fly attack in the development of this stress-induced reduction in pain sensitivity (ana ... | 1997 | 9430107 |
| midgut-specific immune molecules are produced by the blood-sucking insect stomoxys calcitrans. | we have cloned and sequenced two defensins, smd1 and smd2, from anterior midgut tissue of the blood-sucking fly stomoxys calcitrans. the dna and n-terminal protein sequences suggest both are produced as prepropeptides. smd1 differs from the classic defensin pattern in having an unusual six-amino acid-long n-terminal sequence. both smd1 and smd2 have lower pi points and charge than insect defensins derived from fat body/hemocytes. northern analysis shows both of these defensin molecules are tissu ... | 1997 | 9326639 |
| some morphological aspects of the mouthparts of italian blood-sucking muscids (diptera, stomoxyinae). | scanning electron microscopy (sem) observations on the mouthparts of four species of blood-sucking muscid symbovine flies (stomoxys calcitrans linnaeus, haematobia irritans linnaeus, h. titillans bezzi, and haematobosca stimulans meigen) are described. the morphology of some structures (haustellum, prestomal teeth and petiolate blades) is compared in order to draw attention to those features involved in the feeding process on the hosts. | 1996 | 9257341 |
| observations on the mite fauna associated with adult stomoxys calcitrans in the u.k. | adult females of the blood-sucking muscid stomoxys calcitrans sampled between june and september 1993 from a cattle farm (n = 839) and from a pig farm (n = 542) in north-west england were examined for mites. twelve species of mites from ten families and three orders were identified as follows. in the prostigmata, eryenetes sp., family ereynetidae and pediculaster mesembrinae, family pygmephoridae. in the astigmata, procalvolia zacheri family saproglyphidae, acarus farris, family acaridae, bonomo ... | 1997 | 9226646 |
| importance of supercooling points in the overwintering of the horn fly and stable fly (diptera:muscidae). | supercooling points were determined for eggs, 3rd instars, pupae, newly emerged unfed adults and 3-d-old engorged laboratory reared adults of haematobia irritans (l.) and stomoxys calcitrans (l.). wild nondiapausing and diapausing pupae of h. irritans also were tested. mean supercooling points ranged from -28.0 degrees c for h. irritans eggs to -6.8 degrees c for h. irritans larvae. mean supercooling points of all h. irritans developmental stages were lower than those of comparable s. calcitrans ... | 1997 | 9220676 |
| cloning of a cdna from stable fly which encodes a protein with homology to a drosophila receptor for tachykinin-like peptides. | 1997 | 9160983 | |
| susceptibility of stable flies (diptera:muscidae) from southeastern nebraska beef cattle feedlots to selected insecticides and comparison of 3 bioassay techniques. | insecticide susceptibility of field populations of stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), was assayed using 3 exposure techniques: treated filter papers, treated glass petri dishes, and topical applications. both topical applications and residual exposure to treated glass surfaces were suitable for testing susceptibility of stable flies to permethrin, stirofos, or methoxychlor. residues on filter papers yielded inconsistent results with stirofos and methoxychlor. significant concentration-morta ... | 1997 | 9145029 |
| transcriptional expression of a putative tachykinin-like peptide receptor gene from stable fly. | stkr is a 4118 bp clone from a stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, cdna library which encodes a protein with significant amino acid identity to tachykinin-like peptide receptors. ribonuclease protection assays and rt-pcr were utilized to examine the transcriptional expression of stkr from various life stages of the stable fly. stkr expression was detectable in all stages, but was most abundant in isolated adult fly gut and lowest in developing embryos. | 1997 | 9114446 |
| pupal parasitoids (hymenoptera:pteromalidae) of filth flies (diptera:muscidae, calliphoridae) breeding in refuse and poultry and livestock manure in south korea. | five species of hymenopterous parasitoids were found parasitizing pupae of house flies, musca domestica l., in poultry and livestock facilities, refuse dump sites, and garbage dumpsters: spalangia nigroaenea curtis, s. nigra (latrielle), muscidifurax raptor girault & sanders, pachycrepoideus vindemiae (rondani), and nasonia vitripennis (walker). four hymenopterous parasitoids (s. nigroaenea, s. nigra, m. raptor and p. vindemiae) were recovered from the pupae of stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans ... | 1997 | 9086716 |
| calculating economic injury levels for stable flies (diptera:muscidae) on feeder heifers. | a procedure for calculating the economic injury levels for stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), on feeder heifers was developed from reduction of average daily weight gain-stable fly population level data in 8 independent replicated experiments over 17 yr. a negative exponential was fitted to the data using nonlinear regression. regression coefficients were then used to derive a simple predictive equation for calculating the economic injury level in relation to cost of controlling stable flie ... | 1997 | 9071886 |
| comparison of core sampling and pupal traps for monitoring immature stable flies and house flies (diptera: muscidae) in beef feedlot pens. | core samples and cylindrical pupal traps were used to monitor immature stages of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), and house fly, musca domestica l., from 5 sample areas in beef feedlot pens: the feed apron-soil interface, the back fence, the side (pen dividing) fence, the mound, and the general lot. one feedlot was sampled during 1986, two feedlots were sampled in 1987, and three samples were taken at random from each sample area on each sample date. core samples showed that both popula ... | 1996 | 8934827 |
| scheduled sanitation to reduce stable fly (diptera: muscidae) populations in beef cattle feedlots. | sanitation has been long recommended as a means of reducing stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), populations at cattle feedlots, but there is little published research to support this recommendation. in each of the 2 yr of this study, 4 feedlots received complete sanitation and 4 feedlots received no cleaning. the objective was to have the initial cleaning done before 1 june and then to reclean as needed every 2 wk thereafter. the feedlots that were cleaned had significantly fewer flies than th ... | 1996 | 8934824 |
| phenylpropanoids as attractants for adult stomoxys calcitrans (diptera:muscidae). | rate of capture of stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), on phenylpropanoid-baited and unbaited sticky traps was determined in tests conducted in a corn field and in grasses adjacent to a dairy farm. phenylpropanoid compounds significantly increased capture in 2 of 4 tests in corn. captures were highest with 3-phenyl-1-propanol, followed closely by hydrocinnamaldehyde (3-phenyl-1-propanal), and more distantly by cinnamyl alcohol. both sexes were trapped, although males predominated approximate ... | 1996 | 8840698 |
| stability of equine infectious anemia virus in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae), stomoxys calcitrans (diptera:muscidae), and tabanus fuscicostatus (diptera:tabanidae) stored at -70 degrees c. | equine infectious anemia virus (eiav) was injected intrathoracically into aedes aegypti, stomoxys calcitrans, and tabanus fuscicostatus, and fed to ae. aegypti in suspensions of either artificial blood of eagle's minimum essential medium. insects were stored at -70 degrees c for up to 9 months before testing for the presence of eiav. the viral tissue culture titers detected from stored insects were similar to those from insects tested at time 0. | 1996 | 8827617 |
| an immunocytochemical investigation of trypsin secretion in the midgut of the stablefly, stomoxys calcitrans. | musca domestica trypsin antibody cross-reacts with polypeptide bands of m(r) 25,000 and 30,000 showing proteolytic activity from stomoxys calcitrans midgut extracts. secretory granules from the main enzyme-secreting region, the opaque zone, stained heavily with the trypsin antibody in both unfed and blood-fed flies. heterogeneous staining of granules suggests the unequal distribution of trypsin in secretory granules. this is also consistent with the occurrence of non-parallel secretion, which is ... | 1996 | 8763163 |
| toxic effect of ethanolic extract of nerium oleander (apocynaceae) leaves against different developmental stages of muscina stabulans (diptera-muscidae). | nerium oleander (apocynaceae) is evergreen shrubs widely used for ornamental purpose in mediterranean region. the present investigation, revealed for the first time the insecticidal effect of ethanolic extract from leaves of this plant against 2nd instar larvae of the medically important false stable fly muscina stabulans (diptera: muscidae). lc50 of the extract was 113.66 ppm. this dose delayed larval and pupal duration suppressed oviposition and decreased adult longevity of the survivors. morp ... | 1996 | 8754654 |
| skin lesions in dogs, horses and calves caused by the stable fly stomoxys calcitrans (l.) (diptera: muscidae). | specific skin lesions caused by stomoxys calcitrans on the feeding sites of different species are described. skin lesions appeared on dogs, horses and calves following bites of stable flies. necrotic dermatitis was observed in 32 dogs of various breeds at the tip of the ears. exudative dermatitis appeared on the legs of 45 adult horses and dermatitis was diagnosed in the "hair whirlpools" on the backs of 18 white calves. | 1995 | 8734229 |
| are stable flies (diptera: stomoxyinae) vectors of trypanosoma vivax in the central african republic? | the epidemiology of trypanosoma vivax infections was studied at a riverside site in the ouro-djafoun livestock area situated in the central african republic during the period between july 1991 and july 1992. this paper examines the possibility that stable flies (diptera: stomoxyinae) were also vectors of this trypanosome species in a non-cyclic way. previous studies have revealed that the usual cyclic transmission by the tsetse fly glossina fuscipes fuscipes was probably not the only transmissio ... | 1996 | 8721295 |
| structural characterization of peripheral nerve cells and nerve-muscle junctions of the oviduct of stable fly (diptera:muscidae). | fine structure of both peripheral nerve cells and neuromuscular junctions associated with the oviduct of stable fly. stomoxys calcitrans (l.), was described. twelve or more multipolar peripheral neurons were found along major branch nerves that enter the ovipositor. several were suspended in the haemacoel and others were in close proximity to the surface of the oviduct. some peripheral neurons contained an abundance of neurosecretory granules that ranged in size from 32 to 180 nm in diameter. no ... | 1996 | 8667400 |
| localization of myosuppressinlike peptides in the hypocerebral ganglion of two blood-feeding flies: horn fly and stable fly (diptera:muscidae). | the insect peptides leucomyosuppressin (pedvdhvflrfamide) and dromyosuppressin (tdvdhvflrfamide) have identical chemical sequences with the exception of the n-terminal amino acid; both inhibit spontaneous contraction of insect visceral muscles. neurons in the hypocerebral ganglion of horn fly, hematobia irritans (l.), and stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), were found to contain material immunoreactive to antiserum produced against the c-terminal of leucomyosuppressin, but not to the n-termina ... | 1996 | 8667397 |
| population genetics and gene variation of stable fly populations (diptera:muscidae) in nebraska. | genetic variation in stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), populations from nebraska, canada, and texas was sampled. four of 12 allozyme loci were polymorphic, with an average of 1.7 alleles per locus. observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.086 and 0.070, respectively. nei's genetic distance between populations averaged 0.001 and ranged from 0.000 to 0.005. wright's f statistics revealed greater variation within than among populations. allele frequencies were homogeneous among temporal sa ... | 1996 | 8667389 |
| urine delivery of cyromazine for suppressing house and stable flies (diptera: muscidae) in outdoor dairy calf hutches. | in a series of 4 trials, dairy calves housed in outdoor hutches were administered technical cyromazine daily at rates of 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/kg body weight. cyromazine was excreted primarily in the urine. the 2 highest rates prevented the development of immature stages of both the house fly, musca domestica l., and the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.). analysis of calf body tissues for cyromazine and its metabolite, melamine, indicated that highest combined residues ( < or = 0.35 ppm) we ... | 1996 | 8642111 |
| spread of lumpy skin disease in israeli dairy herds. | fourteen of the 17 dairy herds in peduyim, an israeli village, became infected with lumpy skin disease during a period of 37 days in august and september 1989. one cow in one neighbouring village and four cows in another neighbouring village also became infected, probably through being treated by a veterinarian who treated cows in peduyim. circumstantial evidence suggests that the original infection was brought to peduyim and spread by stable flies (stomoxys calcitrans) carried by the wind from ... | 1995 | 8533249 |
| population dynamics of some synanthropic fly species in different habitats in buraydah, saudi arabia. | the population dynamics of five synanthropic fly species, chrysomyia rufifacies, musca d. domestica muscina stabulans f. sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis, and stomoxys calcitrans, were studied at three different habitats in buraydah, saudi arabia. the chosen habitats were the slaughter house, the cattle market and the rubbish dumps. the number of flies caught per twenty sticky bands was taken monthly, for a whole year, as an index to the fly population at that habitat during that month. m. d. domestic ... | 1993 | 8482859 |
| effects of two blood-feeding regimes on mortality and female reproduction in a laboratory colony of stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans. | stable flies (stomoxys calcitrans l.) deprived of a bloodmeal until 3 days post-emergence had higher mortality rates than control flies fed from the day of emergence. fat bodies of deprived females required one more bloodmeal to reach maximum size, and maximum size was smaller, than fat bodies of control females. ovarian development did not commence prior to feeding in deprived flies, and proceeded more slowly thereafter, resulting in a one blood-meal delay in egg maturation in deprived flies. d ... | 1993 | 8481526 |
| average daily gains of brahman-crossbred and english x exotic feeder heifers exposed to low, medium, and high levels of stable flies (diptera: muscidae). | brahman-crossbred and english x exotic feeder heifers were exposed to low (5 per leg), medium (12 per leg), and high (30 per leg) stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), population levels to test relative tolerance of these cattle breeds to stable flies. the brahman-crossbred heifers were tolerant to stable flies only when they were 12-13 mo old. at the same age, the english x exotic heifers sustained reductions in average daily gain (adg) at all three stable fly population levels of 0.22 kg/d (11 ... | 1993 | 8376651 |
| diethylphenylacetamide: a new insect repellent against stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans. | this paper reports the results of a laboratory study showing effectiveness of a new insect repellent n,n-diethylphenylacetamide (depa) against stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans, and compared to n,n-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet) and dimethyl-phthalate (dmp). depa gave maximum protection time of more than 6 h at 3% concentration followed by deet and dmp. | 1993 | 8369560 |
| on the transmissibility of eperythrozoon suis by stomoxys calcitrans and aedes aegypti. | the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (linnaeus), and the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti (linnaeus), were utilized to determine their capability to transmit eperythrozoon suis splitter between swine. three groups of each insect in each trial were allowed to feed on a pig previously infected with e. suis and then transferred to susceptible splenectomized pigs. as a control, one group of each insect was fed on a non-infected pig and then transferred to a susceptible pig. stable flies were tran ... | 1993 | 8291187 |
| description and biology of trichopria painteri n.sp. (hymenoptera: diapriidae), a solitary parasitoid of stomoxys calcitrans (diptera: muscidae) from harare, zimbabwe. | taxonomic description and life history are given of trichopria painteri n.sp. (hymenoptera: diapriidae), a solitary endoparasitoid that emerged from stomoxys calcitrans (l.) (diptera: muscidae) pupae collected at an agricultural installation near harare, zimbabwe, africa. although its low level of parasitism. high immature mortality and short adult life span would require augmentative releases of t.painteri, this parasitoid could reduce isolated field populations of s.calcitrans to an acceptable ... | 1993 | 8268491 |
| allozyme variation in stable flies (diptera: muscidae). | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to resolve allozymes in the cosmopolitan blood-feeding stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans (l.). nineteen of 38 loci were polymorphic (53%). mean heterozygosities among all loci and among only polymorphic loci were 0.096 and 0.182, respectively. these gene diversity measures are about half those among other muscid diptera. variation in gene frequencies was examined in 10 natural stable fly populations from iowa and minnesota. gene frequencies were homogene ... | 1993 | 8259926 |
| seasonal abundance of stable flies and house flies (diptera: muscidae) in dairies in alberta, canada. | seasonal abundance of stable flies and house flies was studied at four dairies in southern alberta, canada, from may to october in 1989, 1990, and 1991. stable flies were active from may to october in all years and showed population peaks in august and september. the weekly rate of change of stable fly populations was influenced by temperature and accumulated degree-days above 10 degrees c. the weekly rate of change of stable fly populations showed four peaks which were attributed to the emergen ... | 1993 | 8254636 |
| solar-powered electrocuting trap for controlling house flies and stable flies (diptera: muscidae). | a portable trap was constructed that was visually attractive to house flies, musca domestica l., and stable flies, stomoxys calcitrans (l.), outdoors. the trap was made of a white and yellow pyramid placed on top of a white vertical base that had large cutouts in each side. attracted flies were killed by means of solar-powered electrocuting grids. three traps killed an average of 1,360 house flies and 1,190 stable flies per day at a manure dump and were effective in attracting flies under both c ... | 1993 | 8254633 |