Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| identification and cloning of the gene encoding bmpc: an outer-membrane lipoprotein associated with brachyspira pilosicoli membrane vesicles. | the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli causes colitis in a wide variety of host species. little is known about the structure or protein constituents of the b. pilosicoli outer membrane (om). to identify surface-exposed proteins in this species, membrane vesicles were isolated from b. pilosicoli strain 95-1000 cells by osmotic lysis in dh(2)o followed by isopycnic centrifugation in sucrose density gradients. the membrane vesicles were separated into a high-density fraction (hdmv; rho=1 ... | 2004 | 15073313 |
| influence of diet on the experimental infection of pigs with brachyspira pilosicoli. | the effects of five different diets on the experimental infection of pigs with a danish field isolate of brachyspira pilosicoli were investigated. the diets tested were a pelleted and a non-pelleted standard diet based on wheat and barley, the standard diet supplemented with 2 per cent lactic acid, a fermented liquid feed and a diet based on cooked rice. two trials were conducted, each with six groups of six pigs; in each, two of the groups were fed the standard diet. one of these groups and the ... | 2004 | 15029965 |
| identification of three clusters of canine intestinal spirochaetes by biochemical and 16s rdna sequence analysis. | it has been suggested that canine intestinal spirochaetes consist of brachyspira pilosicoli and a group of strains that has been provisionally designated 'brachyspira canis'. the purpose of the present study was to compare 22 spirochaete isolates that were obtained from intestinal specimens of dogs in sweden (n = 12), norway (n = 4), the united states (n = 3), australia (n = 2) and germany (n = 1) with type and reference strains, as well as field isolates, of brachyspira species by five biochemi ... | 2004 | 15017293 |
| demonstration of brachyspira aalborgi lineages 2 and 3 in human colonic biopsies with intestinal spirochaetosis by specific fluorescent in situ hybridization. | sequences of known 16s rrna genes, derived from sequence analysis of cloned 16s rdna, were used to design a specific oligonucleotide probe targeting spirochaetes of brachyspira aalborgi lineages 2 and 3. the probe was used with fluorescent in situ hybridization to study the involvement of these organisms in human intestinal spirochaetosis. seventeen human colonic biopsies from norway and denmark with intestinal spirochaetosis caused by brachyspira-like organisms different from the type strain of ... | 2004 | 15017292 |
| analysis of genetic variation in brachyspira aalborgi and related spirochaetes determined by partial sequencing of the 16s rrna and nadh oxidase genes. | the purpose of this study was to investigate genetic variation in the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira aalborgi by partial sequencing of the 16s rrna and nadh oxidase genes. the spirochaete is poorly cultivable; hence, only six isolates were available for analysis. additional sequences were amplified from dna extracted from fixed colorectal biopsies from 26 patients with histological evidence of intestinal spirochaetosis, and from the faeces of six non-human primates (nhp). multiple ... | 2004 | 15017291 |
| prevalence, risk factors and molecular epidemiology of brachyspira pilosicoli in humans on the island of bali, indonesia. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and epidemiology of the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli amongst indonesians living in rural and urban settings on the island of bali. faecal samples (n = 992) were collected on two occasions, 4 months apart, from people living in four traditional farming villages, one peri-urban location and one urban area. samples were cultured anaerobically on selective agar and intestinal spirochaete isolates were confirmed to ... | 2004 | 15017290 |
| biochemical properties of membrane-associated proteases of brachyspira pilosicoli isolated from humans with intestinal disorders. | a membrane-associated, subtilisin-like, serine protease activity was found in both pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of brachyspira species in a previous study, but the biochemical properties of the enzyme were not investigated. the purpose of the present study was to characterize further the biochemical properties, including substrate specificity, of the membrane-associated protease of brachyspira pilosicoli isolated from humans with intestinal disorders. protease activity of detergent-enri ... | 2004 | 15017289 |
| brachyspira pilosicoli colonization in experimentally infected mice can be facilitated by dietary manipulation. | the purpose of this study was to determine whether defined dietary manipulations would enhance colonization of mice experimentally challenged with the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli. weanling c3h/hej mice (n = 48) were fed either a standard balanced mouse diet or a diet supplemented with 50 p.p.m. zinc bacitracin (znb), with 50 % (w/w) lactose or with both supplements. eight mice from each group were challenged orally with a human strain of b. pilosicoli (wesb), whilst four in eac ... | 2004 | 15017288 |
| extensive intestinal spirochaetosis in pigs challenged with brachyspira pilosicoli. | a field isolate of brachyspira pilosicoli, the aetiological agent of porcine intestinal spirochaetosis, was inoculated by stomach tube into six 6-week-old pigs. all animals developed loose to watery faeces and were killed successively on days 8, 14 or 17 post-inoculation (day 17 being the end of the study). mild mucosal reddening and flecks of pus characterized the gross lesions, while diffuse, catarrhal colitis was revealed microscopically in all animals. intestinal spirochaetosis with moderate ... | 2004 | 15017287 |
| immunomagnetic separation of the intestinal spirochaetes brachyspira pilosicoli and brachyspira hyodysenteriae from porcine faeces. | porcine intestinal spirochaetes are fastidious anaerobic organisms and, as a consequence, it has been necessary to develop various protocols to enhance their isolation from or detection in faeces. immunomagnetic separation (ims) is a method developed recently to improve separation of target cells from mixed cell suspensions. the purpose of the present study was to compare the relative sensitivity of ims for isolation of brachyspira pilosicoli and brachyspira hyodysenteriae with current routine d ... | 2004 | 15017286 |
| brachyspira hyodysenteriae and other strongly beta-haemolytic and indole-positive spirochaetes isolated from mallards (anas platyrhynchos). | the aims of the current study were to collect intestinal spirochaetes (genus brachyspira) from farmed and wild mallards (anas platyrhynchos) and to identify and classify those isolates that phenotypically resembled brachyspira hyodysenteriae, an enteric pathogen of pigs. the isolation rate of brachyspira spp. was high from both farmed (93 %) and wild mallards (78 %). in wild mallards, it appeared that brachyspira spp. were more likely to be found in migratory birds (multivariate analysis: rr = 1 ... | 2004 | 15017285 |
| decreased susceptibility to tiamulin and valnemulin among czech isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the agar dilution method was used to investigate the sensitivity to pleuromutilins of 100 isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolated from 63 pig farms between 1997 and 2001. in the period under investigation, mics to both tiamulin and valnemulin increased, with differences between the periods 1997-98 and 1999-2001 being statistically significant (p < 0.001 for tiamulin and p < 0.0001 for valnemulin). between 1997 and 2001, the mic50 and mic90 of tiamulin increased from 0.062 and 0.25 microg ... | 2004 | 15017284 |
| further characterization of porcine brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates with decreased susceptibility to tiamulin. | brachyspira hyodysenteriae is the causative agent of swine dysentery, a severe diarrhoeal disease in pigs. few drugs are available to treat the disease, owing to both antimicrobial resistance and withdrawal of drugs authorized for use in pigs. tiamulin is the drug of choice in many countries, but isolates with decreased susceptibility have recently been reported. the mechanism of tiamulin resistance in b. hyodysenteriae is not known and this facet is essential to understand the dissemination of ... | 2004 | 15017283 |
| experimental swine dysentery: comparison between infection models. | the aim of the present study was to develop a reproducible porcine infection model with brachyspira hyodysenteriae. the influence of different factors was evaluated, namely, age, a diet containing large quantities of soybean meal, housing and administration of cortisol or antacids. furthermore, the synergistic effect of additional bacteria (escherichia coli o141, bacteroides vulgatus or a mixture of bacteroides fragilis, a field isolate of bacteroides and fusobacterium necrophorum) was studied. ... | 2004 | 15017282 |
| differences in lymphocyte subpopulations and cell counts before and after experimentally induced swine dysentery. | the aim of this study was to examine the levels of circulating leukocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations before and immediately after experimentally induced swine dysentery. twenty-one healthy crossbred pigs (approximately 22 kg) were orally inoculated with brachyspira hyodysenteriae. blood was sampled before inoculation and when clinical signs of swine dysentery occurred. pigs that remained healthy were sampled when killed. total and differential white blood cell counts were performed, and lymph ... | 2004 | 15017281 |
| brachyspira research - special issue on colonic spirochaetes of medical and veterinary significance. | 2004 | 15017280 | |
| [a case of intestinal spirochaetosis due to brachyspira aalbolgi]. | 2004 | 15011440 | |
| colonization and risk factors for brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira pilosicoli in humans and dogs on tea estates in assam, india. | the prevalence of colonization with the anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira pilosicoli was investigated in humans (n = 316) and dogs (n = 101) living on three tea estates in assam, india. colonization was detected using pcr on dna from faeces. nineteen (6%) human faecal samples contained b. aalborgi dna, 80 (25.3%) contained b. pilosicoli dna, and 10 (3.2%) contained dna from both species. one canine sample contained dna from b. pilosicoli. significant factors ... | 2004 | 14979599 |
| intestinal spirochaetes of the genus brachyspira: an update on recent findings. | 2003 | 14753198 | |
| [colonic spirochetes: an infrequent cause of adult diarrhea]. | large intestine infection due to spirochetes was described in 1967 and is mainly related to two pathogens, serpulina pilosicoli and brachyspira aalborgi. clinically, infection presents as diarrhea and/or rectorrhagia and is more frequent among homosexuals. its prevalence is difficult to estimate but significant differences have been described according to the socioeconomic level of the area studied. we describe three cases of diarrhea due to spirochetes, which are of interest due to the lack of ... | 2004 | 14718105 |
| survival of intestinal spirochaete strains from chickens in the presence of disinfectants and in faeces held at different temperatures. | this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some commonly used disinfectants in inactivating the pathogenic avian intestinal spirochaetes brachyspira intermedia and brachyspira pilosicoli, and to examine spirochaete survival in chicken caecal faeces held at 4 degrees c, 25 degrees c or 37 degrees c. six disinfectants were evaluated at their recommended working concentrations: alkaline salts, quaternary ammonium, iodine as an iodophor, chlorine from a chlorine-release agent, glutaraldehyde and h ... | 2003 | 14676016 |
| colonic spirochetosis in children and adults. | we undertook a retrospective analysis of colonic spirochetosis in 14 cases: females, 3; males, 11; children, 4; adults, 10. two men had hiv infections. all children and both hiv-infected men had abdominal complaints, diarrhea, or both. most other adults underwent colonoscopy for polyp screening (n = 4) or follow-up of crohn disease (n = 1) or had other indications (n = 2) or diarrhea (n = 1). histologically, spirochetosis was identified in all parts of the colon and was not strongly associated w ... | 2003 | 14671970 |
| molecular epidemiological study of brachyspira pilosicoli in finnish sow herds. | brachyspira (b.) pilosicoli, the causative agent of intestinal spirochaetosis in pigs, is a quite common laboratory finding from faecal samples of weaned and growing pigs in finland. a better understanding of the epidemiology of b. pilosicoli in and between finnish pig farms is needed. altogether 131 b. pilosicoli isolates from 49 finnish sow herds were studied by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. mlui was used as a restriction enzyme for all the isolates, and smai for 70 isolates. the isolates ... | 2003 | 14596539 |
| differential requirements for proliferation of cd4+ and gammadelta+ t cells to spirochetal antigens. | alphabeta+ and gammadelta+ t cells have different mechanisms of epitope recognition and are stimulated by antigens of different chemical nature. an immunization model with antigens from the spirochete brachyspira hyodysenteriae was used to examine the requirements for proliferation of circulating porcine cd4+ and gammadelta+ t cells in mixed lymphocyte cultures. cd4+ t cells only responded to stimulation with b. hyodysenteriae antigens, whereas gammadelta+ t cells proliferated when cultures were ... | 2003 | 14572799 |
| clinical significance of human intestinal spirochetosis--a morphologic approach. | intestinal spirochetosis (is) is a condition defined morphologically by the presence of spirochetal microorganisms attached to the apical cell membrane of the colonic and rectal epithelium. intestinal spirochetes comprise a heterogeneous group of bacteria. in humans brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira pilosicoli predominate. prevalence rates of is are low where living standards are high, in contrast to poorly developed areas where is is common. homosexuals and hiv-infected individuals are at hi ... | 2003 | 14556061 |
| preparation and characterization of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against lawsonia intracellularis. | proliferative enteropathy is an intestinal infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium lawsonia intracellularis. immunohistochemistry staining has superior sensitivity over hematoxylin and eosin and silver staining for detecting l. intracellularis in histological sections. a l. intracellularis-specific monoclonal antibody (mab) produced in the uk (ig4 mab) has been described in the literature. however, no monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies are commercially available. there ... | 2003 | 14535543 |
| presence of brachyspira aalborgi and b. pilosicoli in feces of patients with diarrhea. | 2003 | 12958305 | |
| clinical coccidiosis in a boar stud. | this report describes an outbreak of coccidiosis in a boar stud. a live, untreated, adult boar with a history of diarrhea was submitted to the iowa state university veterinary diagnostic laboratory, ames, ia. for a 3-month period, approximately 40% of the boars in this stud had developed gray to brown diarrhea that lasted 1-3 days. affected boars did not lose condition, and antibiotic therapy did not appear to affect the clinical course ofthe disease. at necropsy, the distal ileum was palpably t ... | 2003 | 12918824 |
| detection of bacteriophage vsh-1 svp38 gene in brachyspira spirochetes. | vsh-1 is a mitomycin c-inducible, non-lytic, phage-like agent that packages random 7.5-kb fragments of the brachyspira hyodysenteriae genome. vsh-1 is the first recognized mechanism for gene transfer between b. hyodysenteriae cells. to analyze the distribution of vsh-1 among spirochetes, a 344-bp probe for gene svp38, encoding the vsh-1 major head protein, was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and used in southern blot hybridizations with genomic dna from various spirochete genera. the svp3 ... | 2003 | 12892886 |
| an outbreak of histomoniasis in free-range layer hens. | histomonas meleagridis was held primarily responsible for an outbreak of 6% increased mortality and 11% decreased egg production between weeks 57 and 72 in a flock of free-range layer hens, concurrently infected with brachyspira-like bacteria. this case can be considered an example of ancient diseases re-emerging in alternative housing systems that are promoted because of animal welfare considerations, but that at the same time allow rapid spread of pathogens in birds for which only few curative ... | 2003 | 12850921 |
| development of a duplex pcr assay for detection of brachyspira hyodysenteriae and brachyspira pilosicoli in pig feces. | a duplex pcr (d-pcr) amplifying portions of the brachyspira hyodysenteriae nadh oxidase gene and the b. pilosicoli 16s rrna gene was developed and then tested on dna extracted from 178 porcine fecal samples. the feces also underwent anaerobic culture and species-specific pcrs. fecal extraction-d-pcr detected seven additional samples containing b. hyodysenteriae and five more containing b. pilosicoli. | 2003 | 12843096 |
| in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of brachyspira pilosicoli isolates from humans. | the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the anaerobic intestinal spirochete brachyspira pilosicoli was investigated by an agar dilution method. human (n = 123) and porcine (n = 16) isolates were susceptible to metronidazole, ceftriaxone, meropenem, tetracycline, moxifloxacin, and chloramphenicol; erythromycin and ciprofloxacin were not active. resistance to amoxicillin and clindamycin varied. amoxicillin susceptibility was restored by clavulanic acid. | 2003 | 12821498 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility testing of porcine brachyspira (serpulina) species isolates. | no standardized method for susceptibility testing of brachyspira spp. is currently available. a broth dilution procedure was evaluated and used to test the activities of six antimicrobial agents for 108 isolates of swedish porcine brachyspira spp. representing biochemical groups i, ii, and iii. group i corresponds to brachyspira hyodysenteriae, group ii corresponds to b. intermedia, and group iii corresponds to b. murdochii and b. innocens. a panel was designed with the antimicrobial agents drie ... | 2003 | 12791886 |
| evaluation of selective media for the isolation of brachyspira aalborgi from human faeces. | the purposes of this study were to identify a solid medium that supports improved growth of the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira aalborgi, to modify this for use as a selective isolation medium and then to test the medium for its effectiveness in isolating b. aalborgi from patients' faeces. of the media evaluated, brain heart infusion agar (bhia) with 10 % bovine blood (bb) was the most effective base-supplement combination for growth, with colonies attaining 1.2 mm in diameter by 21 ... | 2003 | 12748271 |
| characterization of a locus encoding four paralogous outer membrane lipoproteins of brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the identification of brachyspira hyodysenteriae outer membrane proteins (omps) that may stimulate immunity to swine dysentery is important for vaccine development. we report here the analysis of a novel locus, blpgfea, encoding four tandem paralogous proteins of approximately 30 kda from b. hyodysenteriae. the four proteins share 31-39% sequence identity with lipoproteins from several species of bacterial pathogens, but the locus possesses a unique genetic organization. using antisera raised to ... | 2003 | 12706440 |
| experimental infection of layer hens with a human isolate of brachyspira pilosicoli. | the anaerobic intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli commonly colonizes the large intestine of a number of species, including chickens and human beings. the purpose of the current study was to determine whether an isolate of b. pilosicoli recovered from an hiv-infected patient with diarrhoea could infect and cause disease in adult chickens. over a 4-week period following experimental infection, a group of eight inoculated chickens showed a persistent and significant increase in faecal wat ... | 2003 | 12676876 |
| rapid detection and identification of brachyspira aalborgi from rectal biopsies and faeces of a patient. | this study reports for the first time the detection of brachyspira aalborgi in faeces and rectal biopsies of a female suffering for 3-4 months of abdominal pain with long-standing mucosal diarrhoea, rectal bleeding and suspected carcinoma of the rectum. after pre-treatment of samples (faeces and biopsies) with a liquid medium (trypticase soy broth-tsb) containing foetal calf serum (fcs, 10%) and spectinomycin and rifampicin (tsb-sr) the first detection of b. aalborgi isolate hbs1 was observed af ... | 2003 | 12648729 |
| colonisation of pet shop puppies with brachyspira pilosicoli. | anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes of the genus brachyspira are known to colonise dogs, but relatively little is known about their prevalence, distribution or pathogenic potential. one species, brachyspira pilosicoli, is thought to cause diarrhoea in dogs, as well as in other animals and humans. to investigate the prevalence and distribution of infection, faecal samples from 49 puppies from six pet shops in the suburbs of perth, western australia were subjected to selective culture for anaerobic ... | 2003 | 12637005 |
| epidemiological studies of brachyspira pilosicoli in two australian piggeries. | the epidemiology of infection with the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli within pig herds is incompletely understood. to investigate this further, cross-sectional and cohort studies were undertaken on two piggeries. faeces were subjected to selective culture, and dna was extracted from growth on the primary media and amplified by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). on one farm, samples from other animal species and the environment were also examined. isolates were subjected to multilocu ... | 2003 | 12636999 |
| detection by pcr and isolation assays of the anaerobic intestinal spirochete brachyspira aalborgi from the feces of captive nonhuman primates. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of the anaerobic intestinal spirochetes brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira pilosicoli in the feces of captive nonhuman primates (n = 35) from 19 species housed at the zoological gardens, perth, western australia. both spirochete species are known to infect human beings. dna was extracted from freshly collected feces with a commercially available qiaamp dna stool minikit and subjected to pcr protocols amplifying portions of the 16s rrna ... | 2003 | 12624050 |
| brachyspira hyodysenteriae contains eight linked gene copies related to an expressed 39-kda surface protein. | a tandemly linked set of four open reading frames (orfs), identified as vspa-d (variable surface protein) had been identified from previous cloning and sequencing of clones from a genomic library constructed from brachyspira hyodysenteriae strain b204. the predicted translation products of these closely related genes were homologous to (but not identical with) a characterized 39-kda surface-exposed membrane protein from this animal pathogen. additional screening of the genomic library has been p ... | 2003 | 12593966 |
| diarrhoea in the growing pig - a comparison of clinical, morphological and microbial findings between animals from good and poor performance herds. | diarrhoea among growing pigs (8-13 weeks old) is a significant problem in many herds. nine herds with poor performance and diarrhoea among growing pigs were selected on the basis of their piglet mean age at a body weight of 25 kg, compared to the overall mean age in swedish herds. in addition, four herds with good average performance and no problems with diarrhoea were selected. pigs were necropsied and samples for histology and microbiology were collected. based on the necropsy findings, the pi ... | 2003 | 12589741 |
| construction and evaluation of a plasmid vector for the expression of recombinant lipoproteins in escherichia coli. | outer membrane lipoproteins are emerging as key targets for protective immunity to many bacterial pathogens. heterologous expression of lipoproteins in escherichia coli does not always result in high level expression of acylated recombinant protein. thus, these proteins do not take up their correct membrane topology and are lacking the immunostimulatory properties endowed by the lipid. to this end, we have designed a lipoprotein expression vector (pdump) that results in the production of fusion ... | 2003 | 12583997 |
| increasing the viscosity of the intestinal contents stimulates proliferation of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and brachyspira pilosicoli in weaner pigs. | the present study was designed to evaluate the effect of increased viscosity of the intestinal digesta on proliferation of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli and the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli in weaned pigs. pigs were fed an experimental diet based on cooked white rice (r), which was supplemented with carboxymethylcellulose (cmc; 40 g/kg diet) to increase digesta viscosity. thirty-six piglets weaned at 21 d of age were divided into six groups, three of which were fed r and thre ... | 2002 | 12425733 |
| validation of an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay as a serologic test for porcine proliferative enteropathy. | the sensitivity and specificity of an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (ipma) was evaluated in a blind serologic study of a group of disease-free pigs and a group of pigs experimentally infected with intestinal homogenate containing lawsonia intracellularis organisms. sixty pigs from the control group were kept in the source farm, and another 60 animals were transferred to an isolation unit aid challenged intragastrically. all animals were bled before and 21 days after challenge. fecal samples w ... | 2002 | 12423042 |
| experimental infection of broiler breeder hens with the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli causes reduced egg production. | the pathogenic potential of the anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli and brachyspira innocens was evaluated in adult chickens. thirty 17-week-old cobb broiler breeder hens were individually caged in three groups of 10 birds. control birds (group a) were sham inoculated with sterile broth medium. birds in the other two groups (groups b and c) were inoculated, respectively, with an isolate of b. innocens or of b. pilosicoli. birds were monitored daily, and killed at ... | 2002 | 12396362 |
| evaluation of tiamulin and lincomycin for the treatment of broiler breeders experimentally infected with the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli. | brachyspira pilosicoli strain cpsp1 isolated from a chicken in a broiler breeder flock in queensland was used to experimentally infect 30 individually caged 22-week-old cobb 500 broiler breeder hens. another 10 birds were sham-inoculated with sterile broth. all birds failed to become colonized. at 29 weeks of age, all birds were transferred to a diet containing 50 parts/10(6) zinc bacitracin (znb) and were re-challenged with the same b. pilosicoli strain at 32 weeks of age, weekly for 5 weeks. t ... | 2002 | 12396354 |
| zinc bacitracin enhances colonization by the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira pilosicoli in experimentally infected layer hens. | brachyspira pilosicoli strain cpsp1 isolated from a chicken in a broiler breeder flock in queensland was used to experimentally infect 40 individually caged 22-week-old laying hens. another 10 birds were sham-inoculated with sterile broth. all chickens received a commercial layer diet, but 10 infected birds had 50 parts/10(6) zinc bacitracin (znb) incorporated in their food. birds were kept for 7 weeks, and faecal moisture, egg numbers, egg weights and body weights were recorded weekly. b. pilos ... | 2002 | 12396353 |
| influence of in-feed zinc bacitracin and tiamulin treatment on experimental avian intestinal spirochaetosis caused by brachyspira intermedia. | thirty individually caged layer hens were inoculated with brachyspira intermedia, and 20 control birds remained unchallenged. birds received a diet containing 100 parts/10(6) zinc bacitracin (znb), and were monitored for 10 weeks. b. intermedia was recovered sporadically from five of the inoculated birds, and there were no significant effects on body weight, faecal water or egg production. znb was presumed to be indirectly inhibiting spirochaete growth, and when removed from the diet, 18 of the ... | 2002 | 12396352 |
| concurrent spirochaetal infections of the feet and colon of cattle in japan. | to describe spirochaetal infections in the feet and colon of cattle affected with papillomatous digital dermatitis (pdd) and colitis respectively. | 2002 | 12224620 |
| intestinal spirochetosis in a 21-month-old thoroughbred colt. | a 21-month-old thoroughbred colt showed continuous diarrhea and developmental retardation for 7 months, and was thereafter subjected to euthanasia for necropsy and laboratory examinations. at necropsy, the cecal and colonic mucosae were diffusely rough and hyperemic. histopathologically, the mucosa and submucosa were edematous and were infiltrated by numerous lymphocytes and macrophages. meanwhile, three morphological types of brachyspira antigen-containing spirochetes were found to be numerous ... | 2002 | 12185321 |
| evaluation of large-intestinal parameters associated with dietary treatments designed to reduce the occurrence of swine dysentery. | diets containing soluble nsp (snsp) and resistant starch (rs) increase hindgut fermentation in pigs, which in turn increases the incidence of swine dysentery (sd) after infection with the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira hyodysenteriae. in the present study pigs were fed diets based on either wheat or sorghum, fed either raw or treated by extrusion, and/or with the addition of dietary enzymes to reduce rs and/or snsp content. the aim was to determine the effects of these treatments on pig perf ... | 2002 | 12144719 |
| brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli spirochetemia in an immunocompromised patient. | the case of an elderly immunocompromised man with non-hodgkin's lymphoma who presented with fever, abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea is described. brachyspira pilosicoli was isolated from culture. the patient was treated with penicillin g i.v. and became afebrile. b. pilosicoli is a recently recognized enteric pathogen of humans and animals. intestinal spirochetosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of any immunocompromised or critically ill patient with dysentery. | 2002 | 12120947 |
| characterization of pit, a streptococcus pneumoniae iron uptake abc transporter. | bacteria frequently have multiple mechanisms for acquiring iron, an essential micronutrient, from the environment. we have identified a four-gene streptococcus pneumoniae operon, named pit, encoding proteins with similarity to components of a putative brachyspira hyodysenteriae iron uptake abc transporter, bit. an s. pneumoniae strain containing a defined mutation in pit has impaired growth in medium containing the iron chelator ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, reduced sensitivity ... | 2002 | 12117949 |
| five-color flow cytometric analysis of swine lymphocytes for detection of proliferation, apoptosis, viability, and phenotype. | the objective of this study was to develop a method to simultaneously examine phenotype, proliferation, apoptosis, and death of antigen-stimulated porcine lymphocytes. | 2002 | 12116360 |
| nutritional regulation of porcine bacterial-induced colitis by conjugated linoleic acid. | excessive intake of saturated fatty acids and/or linoleic acid favors the induction of an array of lipid mediators and cytokines enhancing inflammatory responses. conversely, dietary supplementation with (n-3) fatty acids or vitamin d ameliorates inflammation and autoimmune diseases. although it was well accepted that conjugated linoleic acid (cla) prevented diseases with a common inflammatory pathogenesis (i.e., cancer and atherosclerosis), no studies were available on the roles of cla in mucos ... | 2002 | 12097686 |
| differentiation of porcine brachyspira species by a novel nox pcr-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. | a novel pcr-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the brachyspira nox gene was developed. the restriction patterns for brachyspira hyodysenteriae, b. pilosicoli, b. intermedia, b. murdochii, and b. innocens were highly distinct with two restriction endonucleases only. the assay proved to be user-friendly and robust. | 2002 | 12089283 |
| identification of brachyspira hyodysenteriae-specific dna fragments using representational difference analysis. | two novel brachyspira hyodysenteriae-specific dna fragments, designated as bh100 and bh400, were identified using representational difference analysis. to isolate the fragments the combined dna of the brachyspira pilosicoli, brachyspira intermedia, brachyspira murdochii and brachyspira innocens reference strains was subtracted from the genome of b. hyodysenteriae strain b204. both fragments were present in a single copy and mapped to different positions on the genome of b. hyodysenteriae b78(t). ... | 2002 | 12044671 |
| brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli of human origin interfere with the haemolytic activity and the growth of staphylococcus aureus beta-toxin producer. | brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli related to intestinal spirochaetosis were found to interfere in vitro with the haemolytic activity and the growth of staphylococcus aureus beta-toxin producer. this interference was clearly appreciated because a reduction of the zone of the staphylococcal beta-toxin activity, the reduction and/or absence of cooperative haemolysis between bacteria, and the growth reduction of s. aureus were observed when b. (s.) pilosicoli were grown 72-96 hours sooner than s. a ... | 2002 | 12019720 |
| brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli of human origin interfere with the growth of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin producer. | brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli of human origin interfere with the growth of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin producer reducing the clostridial growth area and colonies number when bacteria were cultivated together in sheep blood agar plates. the growth inhibition of c. perfringens was only observed when b. (s.) pilosicoli grew 72-96 hours sooner than c. perfringens and after the inoculum of this latter the plates were anaerobically incubated for additional 48 hours. the phenomenon was obs ... | 2002 | 12019719 |
| dietary enzyme and zinc bacitracin reduce colonisation of layer hens by the intestinal spirochaete brachyspira intermedia. | brachyspira intermedia strain hb60 was used to experimentally infect 40 individually caged 22-week-old laying hens. another 10 control birds were sham-inoculated with sterile broth. all chickens received an experimental layer diet based on wheat. the infected birds were randomly divided into four groups of 10, with the diet for each group containing either 50 ppm zinc bacitracin (znb), 100 ppm znb, 256 ppm of dietary enzyme (avizyme), 1302), or no additive. birds were kept for 6 weeks after infe ... | 2002 | 11955785 |
| first confirmation of porcine colonic spirochaetosis caused by brachyspira pilosicoli in iberian pigs in spain. | 2002 | 11924554 | |
| prevalence of brachyspira pilosicoli in korean pigs, determined using a nested pcr. | 2002 | 11878441 | |
| effect of highly fermentable dietary fiber on the development of swine dysentery and on pig performance in a "pure--culture challenge model". | this study tried to evaluate the effect of highly fermentable fiber on the incidence and severity of swine dysentery (sd) after experimental oral infection with pure cultures of brachyspira (b.) hyodysenteriae. forty eight growing pigs were allocated to two groups and treated until slaughter as follows: group 1 (n = 24): infected with b. hyodysenteriae and fed with a food containing 9.6% highly fermentable neutral detergent fiber. group 2 (n = 24): infected with b. hyodysenteriae and fed with a ... | 2002 | 11852682 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility testing of australian isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae using a new broth dilution method. | the antimicrobial susceptibilities of 76 field isolates of brachyspira hyodysenteriae from different states of australia were tested in a newly developed broth dilution procedure. the antimicrobial agents used were tiamulin, valnemulin, tylosin, erythromycin, lincomycin and clindamycin. the results from the broth dilution susceptibility testing of 39 of the isolates were compared with results obtained for the same isolates using the agar dilution method. amongst the isolates tested by broth dilu ... | 2002 | 11731165 |
| failure to detect brachyspira pilosicoli in bloodstream of australian patients. | 2001 | 11712515 | |
| brachyspira spp. (serpulina spp.) in birds: a review and results from a study of swedish game birds. | only limited data concerning the prevalence of intestinal spirochetes are available in game birds. this paper describes the prevalence and biochemical reactions of spirochetes isolated from 25 common partridges, 7 pheasants and 16 mallards originating from nine swedish game-bird farms. the birds, which had been submitted for post-mortem examination due to various problems, showed a variety of underlying diseases. additionally, fecal droppings from 22 common partridges, 20 pheasants and 20 mallar ... | 2001 | 11708752 |
| intestinal spirochete infections of chickens: a review of disease associations, epidemiology and control. | this paper presents an overview of intestinal spirochete infections of chickens. it focuses particularly on studies in australia, where recent surveys of 136 layer and broiler breeder flocks have revealed a high rate of infection (>40%) with intestinal spirochetes. infection was not detected in broiler flocks. approximately 50% of isolates from infected flocks were brachyspira (serpulina) intermedia or b. pilosicoli, with the other isolates being b. innocens, b. murdochii or the proposed species ... | 2001 | 11708751 |
| classification of brachyspira spp. isolated from swedish dogs. | brachyspira spp. were isolated from 21 of 32 sampled dogs (66%) in a colony of swedish beagle dogs with a history of diarrhea and from 3 of 17 swedish pet dogs (17%) with diarrhea. all swedish isolates were weakly beta-hemolytic and gave a negative indole reaction. eighty-eight percent showed negative alpha-galactosidase and hippurate reactions, but a positive beta-glucosidase reaction. two isolates were hippurate positive with a negative beta-glucosidase reaction. one additional german isolate ... | 2001 | 11708750 |
| minimal prophylactic concentration of dietary zinc compounds in a mouse model of swine dysentery. | dietary supplementation with 6000 mg of zn2+/kg of feed has been shown to modify the clinicopathologic expression of brachyspira hyodysenteriae infection in a laboratory mouse model of swine dysentery. however, this concentration impaired the body weight gain of the mice. the purpose of the present study was to determine a minimal prophylactic concentration of feed-grade zinc compounds that would not affect the growth of mice challenge-exposed with b. hyodysenteriae. a total of 440, 6- to 8-week ... | 2001 | 11708749 |
| susceptibility to pleuromutilins in brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae. | the pleuromutilins are the only antimicrobial agents with sufficient minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values left to treat swine dysentery in sweden. other antimicrobials are either not approved for use against swine dysentery or only partly active against brachyspira hyodysenteriae. to date, in sweden two pleuromutilins, tiamulin and valnemulin, are authorized for use in pigs. this study includes a comparison between mics of tiamulin and valnemulin for swedish field isolates of b. hyodyse ... | 2001 | 11708748 |
| eradication of endemic brachyspira pilosicoli infection from a farrowing herd: a case report. | brachyspira pilosicoli and b. innocens were isolated repeatedly from a herd of 60 sows which mostly produced feeder pigs but also raised some fattening pigs. postweaning diarrhea had been a severe problem in this herd for years. the b. pilosicoli eradication plan was based on the general guidelines for elimination of b. hyodysenteriae, with some modifications. the eradication measures were run in august 1997. in-feed medication with 200 p.p.m. tiamulin lasted for 18-30 days, depending on the age ... | 2001 | 11708747 |
| serologic detection of brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae infections. | swine dysentery (sd) caused by the intestinal spirochete brachyspira hyodysenteriae is an economically important disease in pig-producing countries throughout the world. to date, no specific serologic assay is commercially available for the diagnosis of pigs with sd. several serologic techniques have been identified in the past; however, these tests have all used either whole-cell proteins or lipopolysaccharide (lps) as the antigen. whole-cell antigens are plagued with false-positive reactions d ... | 2001 | 11708746 |
| the use of culture, pooled samples and pcr for identification of herds infected with brachyspira hyodysenteriae. | the sensitivity of culturing brachyspira hyodysenteriae was determined after sampling with swabs from porcine fecal specimens inoculated with tenfold dilutions of a field strain of these microbes. after storage of swabs, brachyspira hyodysenteriae was recovered throughout the first 3 weeks after inoculation from feces with more than 140 cells/g. viable spirochetes could still be recovered after up to 83 days of storage from feces, with 1.4 x 10(6) cells or more per gram. culture for brachyspira ... | 2001 | 11708745 |
| porcine enteric spirochete infections in the uk: surveillance data and preliminary investigation of atypical isolates. | investigations into the possible causes of colitis and typhlocolitis were carried out on 98 pig units in the united kingdom between 1997 and 1999. brachyspira pilosicoli was identified most commonly, occurring as the suggested primary agent in 18% of the outbreaks but forming part of mixed infections in another 24% of outbreaks. the equivalent figures for other bacterial pathogens were: b. hyodysenteriae, 13% and 16%; lawsonia intracellularis, 10% and 15%: salmonella species, 6% and 12%; and yer ... | 2001 | 11708744 |
| comparative pathology and pathogenesis of naturally acquired and experimentally induced colonic spirochetosis. | research in the past decade has led to the recognition of brachyspira (formerly serpulina) pilosicoli as the primary etiologic agent of colonic spirochetosis (cs), an emerging cause of colitis in humans and animals. attachment of spirochetes to the epithelial surface of the lower intestine is considered to be the hallmark of cs. however, because b. pilosicoli, b. aalborgi and unclassified flagellated bacteria are found singly or together in humans and non-human primates with cs lesions, attachme ... | 2001 | 11708743 |
| the search for brachyspira outer membrane proteins that interact with the host. | little is known about the outer membrane structure of brachyspira hyodysenteriae and brachyspira pilosicoli or the role of outer membrane proteins (omps) in host colonization and the development of disease. the isolation of outer membrane vesicles from b. hyodysenteriae has confirmed that cholesterol is a significant outer membrane constituent and that it may impart unique characteristics to the lipid bilayer structure, including a reduced density. unique proteins that have been identified in th ... | 2001 | 11708742 |
| human intestinal spirochetosis diagnosed with colonoscopy and analysis of partial 16s rdna sequences of involved spirochetes. | dna was extracted from colonic biopsies of 33 patients with and three without evidence of intestinal spirochetosis (is) in the large bowel. the biopsies were subjected to pcr. a pair of primers, generating a 207 bp fragment, were designed to detect specifically the 16s rdna gene of brachyspira. pcr products of the expected size were obtained from 33 samples with histologic evidence of is. the pcr amplicons were used for sequencing. the sequences obtained were aligned to the corresponding 16s rrn ... | 2001 | 11708740 |
| human intestinal spirochetosis: brachyspira aalborgi and/or brachyspira pilosicoli? | intestinal spirochetosis in humans (his) is a condition defined by the presence of a layer of spirochetes attached by one cell end to the colorectal epithelium. the pathologic significance of his is uncertain, but it has been linked to chronic diarrhea and other abdominal complaints. two anaerobic intestinal spirochete species have been associated with his, namely brachyspira pilosicoli and brachyspira aalborgi. brachyspira pilosicoli, which colonizes many animal species, is common (approximatel ... | 2001 | 11708739 |
| carriage of intestinal spirochaetes by humans: epidemiological data from western australia. | the purpose of this study was to investigate carriage of intestinal spirochaetes by selected population groups in western australia. stool specimens from 293 rural patients with gastrointestinal disorders, and from 227 healthy migrants from developing countries were cultured. spirochaete isolates were identified using pcr, and typed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge). brachyspira aalborgi was not isolated. brachyspira pilosicoli was recovered from 15 rural patients, all aboriginal. preva ... | 2001 | 11693517 |
| diagnostic examination of human intestinal spirochetosis by fluorescent in situ hybridization for brachyspira aalborgi, brachyspira pilosicoli, and other species of the genus brachyspira (serpulina). | human intestinal spirochetosis, characterized by end-on attachment of densely packed spirochetes to the epithelial surface of the large intestines as a fringe has been associated with the weakly beta-hemolytic spirochetes brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli. in this study, fluorescent in situ hybridization with oligonucleotide probes targeting 16s or 23s rrna of b. aalborgi, b. pilosicoli, and the genus brachyspira was applied to 40 sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-em ... | 2001 | 11682538 |
| development of antibiotic resistance and options to replace antimicrobials in animal diets. | as there is a risk of developing antibiotic resistance, a number of commonly-used antimicrobial growth promoters have been banned in the eu member states. this decision has put new emphasis on using the diet to control enteric bacterial infections of pigs. dietary carbohydrates constitute a major proportion of diets for pigs, and the carbohydrate fraction has a diverse composition, with different properties in the gastrointestinal tract, some of which are of importance to gut health. findings fr ... | 2001 | 11681804 |
| brachyspira aalborgi infection in four australian children. | the clinical presentation of four children and adolescents (two males and two females with a mean age of 12.4 years; range 9-16 years) with colorectal spirochetosis is discussed. | 2001 | 11555100 |
| dietary conjugated linoleic acid modulates phenotype and effector functions of porcine cd8(+) lymphocytes. | in vivo vaccination and challenge studies have demonstrated that cd8(+) lymphocytes are essential for the development of cell-mediated protection against intracellular pathogens and neoplastic cells. depletion of peripheral blood cd8(+) cells interferes with clearance of viruses and intracellular fungi, induction of delayed type hypersensitivity responses and antitumoral activity. in contrast to humans or mice, porcine peripheral cd8(+) lymphocytes are characterized by a heterogeneous expression ... | 2001 | 11533281 |
| risk factors for intestinal pathogens in danish finishing pig herds. | the objective of this investigation was to identify risk factors for infection with the intestinal bacteria: lawsonia intracellularis, brachyspira hyodysenteriae, serpulina intermedia, brachyspira innocens, brachyspira pilosicoli and swine-pathogenic escherichia coli (serogroups o138, o139, o141 and o149) in danish finishing pig herds.a total of 79 herds was randomly selected and visited during 1998. from each herd, 20 faecal samples were collected from individual pigs weighing 30-50 kg. in tota ... | 2001 | 11448502 |
| [diagnosis of swine dysentery and spirochaetal diarrhea. iii. results of cultural and biochemical differentiation of intestinal brachyspira species by routine culture from 1997 to 1999]. | a survey is given on the occurrence and distribution of different brachyspira species in pigs, in the northwest of germany. in total 2975 specimen (feces, fecal swabs, colon) were taken and sent for laboratory analysis during the years 1997 to 1999. 1218 brachyspira (b.) strains were found by cultural analysis. 1757 samples (59%) were negative. the cultural and biochemical differentiation revealed 720 (59.1%) strains b. hyodysenteriae (77.5% were indole negative), 22 (1.8%) b. pilosicoli, 29 (2. ... | 2001 | 11367884 |
| survival of brachyspira hyodysenteriae and b. pilosicoli in terrestrial microcosms. | the survival of brachyspira hyodysenteriae and brachyspira pilosicoli was investigated at 10 degrees c in laboratory microcosms consisting of soil, porcine faeces, and in soil mixed with 10% porcine faeces, respectively. by plate spreading, survival of b. hyodysenteriae was found to be 10, 78 and 112 days in soil, soil mixed with 10% faeces, and in porcine faeces, respectively. the identities of the colonies on the plates were confirmed using pcr targeting 23s rdna for specific detection of b. h ... | 2001 | 11356316 |
| weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes antagonize the haemolytic activity of clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin producer. | the production of haemolytic antagonism between weakly beta-haemolytic human intestinal spirochaetes (wbetahis) related to human intestinal spirochaetosis and clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin producer was investigated. a reduction of the clostridial haemolytic activity and a distortion of the haemolytic halo of clostridial alpha-toxin surrounded by a small zone of poorly cooperative haemolysis was clearly observed on the level of the spirochaetal growth area when 40 out of 41 wbetahis were cu ... | 2001 | 11346295 |
| brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae gyrb mutants and interstrain transfer of coumermycin a(1) resistance. | to further develop genetic techniques for the enteropathogen brachyspira hyodysenteriae, the gyrb gene of this spirochete was isolated from a lambdazapii library of strain b204 genomic dna and sequenced. the putative protein encoded by this gene exhibited up to 55% amino acid sequence identity with gyrb proteins of various bacterial species, including other spirochetes. b. hyodysenteriae coumermycin a(1)-resistant (cn(r)) mutant strains, both spontaneous and uv induced, were isolated by plating ... | 2001 | 11319078 |
| pcr detection of brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira pilosicoli in human faeces. | previously-developed pcr protocols specific for the 16s rrna gene of the intestinal spirochaetes brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira pilosicoli were adapted for the detection of these species in human faeces, following dna extraction and purification using mini-prep columns. the limits of detection in seeded faeces for b. aalborgi and b. pilosicoli respectively were 2x10(2) and 7x10(3) cells per pcr reaction, equivalent to 5x10(4) and 1x10(5) cells per g of faeces. the pcr techniques were appli ... | 2001 | 11313130 |
| first evidence for gene replacement in leptospira spp. inactivation of l. biflexa flab results in non-motile mutants deficient in endoflagella. | leptospira spp. offer many advantages as model bacteria for the study of spirochaetes. however, homologous recombination between introduced dna and the corresponding chromosomal loci has never been demonstrated. a unique feature of spirochaetes is the presence of endoflagella between the outer membrane sheath and the cell cylinder. we chose the flab flagellin gene, constituting the flagellar core, as a target for gene inactivation in the saprophyte leptospira biflexa. the amino acid sequence of ... | 2001 | 11298286 |
| naturally occurring spirochetes in the colonic mucosa of raccoons (procyon lotor). | the large intestines of 21 raccoons (procyon lotor; 11 wild caught, 10 laboratory confined) were examined for the presence of intestinal spirochetes. light microscopy of sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin and warthin-starry stain showed the presence of spiral shaped organisms deep within the lumina of intestinal glands at the ileocolonic junction of 16 raccoons (76% prevalence). all laboratory-confined, group-housed raccoons harbored the organisms, but only 6/11 (55% prevalence) live-tr ... | 2001 | 11280383 |
| a novel method for isolation of brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae from pigs with swine dysentery in italy. | brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae was isolated from 10 of 11 pigs with clinically suspected swine dysentery in six herds in northern italy. all strains were successfully isolated in the selective blood agar modified medium with spectinomycin and rifampin (bam-sr) currently used in our laboratory to isolate b. (s.) pilosicoli of human origin, after pre-treatment of intestinal material with spectinomycin and rifampin in foetal calf serum. isolates had phenotypic characteristics typical of b. ... | 2001 | 11278122 |
| an investigation of the etiology of a mild diarrhea observed in a group of grower/finisher pigs. | an investigation into a mild diarrhea in a group of grower/finisher pigs was carried out in order to determine the etiology. a tiamulin injection and a carbadox-medicated ration were given to pens of pigs in a 2 x 2 factorial experimental design. pens of pigs were assessed a score, based on the consistency of the feces in the pen, each week. the clinical investigation looked for the intestinal pathogens brachyspira pilosicoli, b. hyodysenteriae, lawsonia intracellularis, salmonella spp., yersini ... | 2001 | 11195519 |
| cloning of a beta-hemolysin gene of brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae and its expression in escherichia coli. | brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae induces a mucohemorrhagic diarrheal disease in pigs. the production of a beta-hemolysin has been considered a major virulence attribute of this organism. previous reports have failed to correlate a specific cloned gene sequence with a purified beta-hemolytic protein sequence. thus, questions still remain concerning the structural gene sequence of the hemolysin. to answer this question unequivocally, the beta-hemolytic toxin was purified from extracts of log ... | 2001 | 11159958 |
| [investigations on brachyspira--diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in swine dysentery]. | the infectious agent of swine dysentery, brachyspira (br.) hyodysenteriae, seems to be widespread in german pig herds. due to different reasons the eradication is increasingly difficult. not only the success of therapeutic procedures but also the possibilities of diagnostics are unsatisfactory. although only the bacteriological investigation of faeces or intestinal probes by culture techniques allows the typing of brachyspira strains and the testing of drug resistance, however, the rate of false ... | 2000 | 11155518 |
| comparative prevalences of brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli as etiologic agents of histologically identified intestinal spirochetosis in australia. | dna from gastrointestinal biopsy specimens from 28 australian patients with histologic evidence of intestinal spirochetosis (is) was subjected to pcrs to amplify segments of the 16s rrna and nadh oxidase genes of brachyspira aalborgi and brachyspira (serpulina) pilosicoli. b. aalborgi was identified in specimens from 24 (85.7%) patients and b. pilosicoli in those from 4 (14.3%) patients (2 of whom were also positive for b. aalborgi). for two patients, no product was amplified. this study demonst ... | 2001 | 11136797 |
| phylogenetic evidence for novel and genetically different intestinal spirochetes resembling brachyspira aalborgi in the mucosa of the human colon as revealed by 16s rdna analysis. | intestinal spirochetes (brachyspira spp.) are causative agents of intestinal disorders in animals and humans. phylogenetic analysis of cloned 16s rrna genes from biopsies of the intestinal mucosa of the colon from two swedish 60-years old adults without clinical symptoms revealed the presence of intestinal spirochetes. seventeen clones from two individuals and 11 reference strains were analyzed and the intestinal spirochetes could be divided into two lineages, the brachyspira aalborgi and the br ... | 2000 | 11108014 |
| antigen-specific proliferation of porcine cd8alphaalpha cells to an extracellular bacterial pathogen. | a vaccine inducing protective immunity to a spirochaete-induced colitis of pigs predominantly stimulates expansion of cd8+ cells in vivo and in antigen-stimulated lymphocyte cultures. cd8+ cells, however, are rarely considered necessary for protection against extracellular bacterial pathogens. in the present study, pigs recovering from colitis resulting from experimental infection with brachyspira (serpulina) hyodysenteriae had increased percentages of peripheral blood cd4- cd8+ (alphaalpha-expr ... | 2000 | 11106936 |
| dna exchange and insertional inactivation in spirochetes. | spirochetes have complex life cycles and are associated with a number of diseases in humans and animals. despite their significance as pathogens, spirochete genetics are in their early stages. however, gene inactivation has been achieved in borrelia burgdorferi, brachyspira hyodysenteriae, and treponema denticola. here, we review methods that have been used in spirochetes for gene inactivation and dna exchange, with a primary focus on b. burgdorferi. we also describe factors influencing electrot ... | 2000 | 11075915 |