Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| what can pestiviral endonucleases teach us about innate immunotolerance? | pestiviruses including bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv), occur worldwide and are important pathogens of livestock. a large part of their success can be attributed to the induction of central immunotolerance including b- and t-cells upon fetal infection leading to the generation of persistently infected (pi) animals. in the past few years, it became evident that evasion of innate immunity is a central element to induce and maint ... | 2016 | 27021825 |
| pretreatment of serum samples to reduce interference of colostrum-derived specific antibodies with detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen by elisa in young calves. | antigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is used for the detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus persistently infected (bvdv pi) cattle; however, colostrum-derived antibodies may interfere with antigen detection in serum from young pi calves. our study aimed to assess serum pretreatment methods for reducing such interference. dilution of pi serum with serum containing specific antibody showed that antibody levels equivalent to those observed in colostrum-fed calves were able to elimina ... | 2016 | 27016723 |
| evidence of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in three species of sympatric wild ungulates in nevada: life history strategies may maintain endemic infections in wild populations. | evidence for bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection was detected in 2009-2010 while investigating a pneumonia die-off in rocky mountain bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis, canadensis), and sympatric mountain goats (oreamnos americanum) in adjacent mountain ranges in elko county, nevada. seroprevalence to bvdv-1 was 81% (n = 32) in the bighorns and 100% (n = 3) in the mountain goats. serosurveillance from 2011 to 2015 of surviving bighorns and mountain goats as well as sympatric mule deer (odoc ... | 2016 | 27014215 |
| quillaja brasiliensis saponins induce robust humoral and cellular responses in a bovine viral diarrhea virus vaccine in mice. | a saponin fraction extracted from quillaja brasiliensis leaves (qb-90) and a semi-purified aqueous extract (ae) were evaluated as adjuvants in a bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) vaccine in mice. animals were immunized on days 0 and 14 with antigen plus either qb-90 or ae or an oil-adjuvanted vaccine. two-weeks after boosting, antibodies were measured by elisa; cellular immunity was evaluated by dth, lymphoproliferation, cytokine release and single cell ifn-γ production. serum anti-bvdv igg, ig ... | 2016 | 27012913 |
| distribution pattern of bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 genome in lymphoid tissues of experimentally infected sheep. | in this study, cellular localization and the distribution pattern of bvdv genome in lymphoid tissues during the course of experimental acute bvdv-1 infection of sheep was investigated. tonsils, mesenteric lymph nodes (mln) and spleen were collected on 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days post infection (dpi) from twenty 4-month-old lambs, experimentally inoculated intra-nasally with 5 × 10(5) tcid50 of a non-cytopathic (ncp) bvdv-1 isolate, ind-17555. tissues collected from ten mock-infected lambs served as ... | 2016 | 26996785 |
| identification of bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in saanen goats in the republic of korea. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is one of the most important viral pathogens of livestock and causes substantial economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. bvdv is not necessarily species specific and is known to infect domesticated and wild ruminants. in the present study, bvdv infection was identified in two saanen goats from one farm, and two different viral subtypes were found, bvdv-1a and bvdv-2a. each isolate was closely related to cattle isolates identified in the republic of ... | 2016 | 26992733 |
| associations between exposure to viruses and bovine respiratory disease in australian feedlot cattle. | bovine respiratory disease (brd) is the most important cause of clinical disease and death in feedlot cattle. respiratory viral infections are key components in predisposing cattle to the development of this disease. to quantify the contribution of four viruses commonly associated with brd, a case-control study was conducted nested within the national bovine respiratory disease initiative project population in australian feedlot cattle. effects of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (bvdv ... | 2016 | 26972273 |
| 3-(imidazo[1,2-a:5,4-b']dipyridin-2-yl)aniline inhibits pestivirus replication by targeting a hot spot drug binding pocket in the rna-dependent rna polymerase. | the compound 3-(imidazo[1,2-a:5,4-b']dipyridin-2-yl)aniline (cf02334) was identified as a selective inhibitor of the cytopathic effect (cpe) caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in a virus-cell-based assay. the ec50-values for inhibition of cpe, viral rna synthesis and the production of infectious virus progeny were 13.0 ± 0.6 μm, 2.6 ± 0.9 μm and 17.8 ± 0.6 μm, respectively. cf02334 was found to be inactive in the hepatitis c subgenomic replicon system. cf02334-resistant bvdv was obtain ... | 2016 | 26970496 |
| failed detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 subgenotype a (bvdv-2a) by direct fluorescent antibody test on tissue samples due to reduced reactivity of field isolates to raw anti-bvdv antibody. | bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1) is associated with mild or subclinical infections, whereas bvdv-2 is frequently implicated in outbreaks of severe thrombocytopenia and acute fatal disease. in the present study, the carcass of a beef breed cow and tissue samples of a beef calf were received for laboratory diagnosis. both animals exhibited severe clinical signs compatible with thrombocytopenia or hemorrhagic syndrome. direct fluorescent antibody test (dfat) failed to detect bvdv antigen in t ... | 2016 | 26965235 |
| a broad rna virus survey reveals both mirna dependence and functional sequestration. | small non-coding rnas have emerged as key modulators of viral infection. however, with the exception of hepatitis c virus, which requires the liver-specific microrna (mirna)-122, the interactions of rna viruses with host mirnas remain poorly characterized. here, we used crosslinking immunoprecipitation (clip) of the argonaute (ago) proteins to characterize strengths and specificities of mirna interactions in the context of 15 different rna virus infections, including several clinically relevant ... | 2016 | 26962949 |
| the chasm between public health and reproductive research: what history tells us about zika virus. | zika transmission from mother to fetus and its possible sexual transmission have become a media focus in the past months as a major public health concern. while mother-to-fetus transmission, fetal neurologic manifestations or sexual transmission have never been documented for this virus before, other viruses that belong to the same family are very well known to reproductive health workers, clinicians, and researchers. as a member of flaviviridae family, including hepatitis c and bovine viral dia ... | 2016 | 26943916 |
| morphology and molecular composition of purified bovine viral diarrhea virus envelope. | the family flaviviridae includes viruses that have different virion structures and morphogenesis mechanisms. most cellular and molecular studies have been so far performed with viruses of the hepacivirus and flavivirus genera. here, we studied bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), a member of the pestivirus genus. we set up a method to purify bvdv virions and analyzed their morphology by electron microscopy and their protein and lipid composition by mass spectrometry. cryo-electron microscopy show ... | 2016 | 26939061 |
| transcriptomic analysis of responses to cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 (bvdv-1) infection in mdbk cells. | the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is responsible for significant economic losses in the dairy and cattle industry; however, little is known about the protective and pathological responses of hosts to infection. the present study determined the principal molecular markers implicated in viral infection through meta-transcriptomic analysis using mdbk cells infected for two hours with a field isolate of bvdv-1. while several immune regulator genes were induced, genes involved in cell signaling, ... | 2016 | 26919728 |
| effects of exposure to bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 on risk of bovine respiratory disease in australian feedlot cattle. | viruses play a key role in the complex aetiology of bovine respiratory disease (brd). bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (bvdv-1) is widespread in australia and has been shown to contribute to brd occurrence. as part of a prospective longitudinal study on brd, effects of exposure to bvdv-1 on risk of brd in australian feedlot cattle were investigated. a total of 35,160 animals were enrolled at induction (when animals were identified and characteristics recorded), held in feedlot pens with other catt ... | 2016 | 26907209 |
| complete genome sequencing of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1, subgenotypes 1n and 1o. | to gain further insight into the genomic features of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1) subgenotypes, we sequenced the complete genome of bvdv-1n shitara/02/06 and bvdv-1o is26ncp/01. the complete genome of shitara/02/06 and is26ncp/01 shared 77.7 to 79.3% and 78.0 to 85.7% sequence identities with other bvdv-1 subgenotype strains, respectively. | 2016 | 26893426 |
| the c-terminal tail of trim56 dictates antiviral restriction of influenza a and b viruses by impeding viral rna synthesis. | accumulating data suggest that tripartite-motif-containing (trim) proteins participate in host responses to viral infections, either by acting as direct antiviral restriction factors or through regulating innate immune signaling of the host. of >70 trims, trim56 is a restriction factor of several positive-strand rna viruses, including three members of the family flaviviridae(yellow fever virus, dengue virus, and bovine viral diarrhea virus) and a human coronavirus (oc43), and this ability invari ... | 2016 | 26889027 |
| production of monoclonal antibody against recombinant polypeptide from the erns coding region of the bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) is an economically important cattle disease with a worldwide distribution. detection and elimination of animals persistently infected (pi) with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is essential for the control of bvd and eradication of bvdv. there are usually no pathognomonic clinical signs of bvdv infection. diagnostic investigations therefore rely on laboratory-based detection of the virus, or virus-induced antigens or antibodies. | 2015 | 26870309 |
| development and virucidal activity of a novel alcohol-based hand disinfectant supplemented with urea and citric acid. | hand disinfectants are important for the prevention of virus transmission in the health care system and environment. the development of broad antiviral spectrum hand disinfectants with activity against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses is limited due to a small number of permissible active ingredients able to inactivate viruses. | 2016 | 26864562 |
| one year duration of immunity of the modified live bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2 and bovine herpesvirus-1 fractions of vista® once sq vaccine. | three studies were performed to determine the duration of immunity of the bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and type 2 (bvdv-1 and bvdv-2) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) fractions of a commercially prepared modified-live vaccine. vista® once sq (vista®) vaccine contains five modified-live viruses, bvdv-1, bvdv-2, bhv-1, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, and bovine parainfluenza 3 virus, and two modified-live bacteria, pasteurella multocida and mannheimia haemolytica. for all three studies, ... | 2016 | 26859238 |
| identification and molecular characterization of border disease virus (bdv) from sheep in india. | pestiviruses isolated from sheep and goats in india thus far have been bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (bvdv-1) or bvdv-2. during routine genetic typing of pestiviruses in the years 2009-10, border disease virus (bdv) was detected in eight indian sheep of a flock showing clinical signs of bd by real time rt-pcr. all the samples yielded positive virus isolates in cell culture but were found negative by a bvdv antigen elisa. a representative bdv isolate was characterized at genetic and antigenic le ... | 2016 | 26851587 |
| characterization of bovine a20 gene: expression mediated by nf-κb pathway in mdbk cells infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus-1. | cytokine production for immunological process is tightly regulated at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. the nf-κb signaling pathway maintains immune homeostasis in the cell through the participation of molecules such as a20 (tnfaip3), which is a key regulatory factor in the immune response, hematopoietic differentiation, and immunomodulation. although a20 has been identified in mammals, and despite recent efforts to identify a20 members in other higher vertebrates, relatively l ... | 2016 | 26809100 |
| real-time detection of a virus using detection dogs. | viral infections are ubiquitous in humans, animals, and plants. real-time methods to identify viral infections are limited and do not exist for use in harsh or resource-constrained environments. previous research identified that tissues produce unique volatile organic compounds (voc) and demonstrated that voc concentrations change during pathologic states, including infection, neoplasia, or metabolic disease. patterns of voc expression may be pathogen specific and may be associated with an odor ... | 2015 | 26779494 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus in zoos: a perspective from the veterinary team. | the many different species in close proximity make zoological collections a unique environment for disease transmission. bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is of special concern with zoos due to the numerous exotic ruminant species that this virus can infect. bvdv occurs as both a non-cytopathic and a cytopathic strain both of which are capable of infecting exotic ruminants. the cytopathic strain causes mucosal disease (md) and death. infection with the non-cytopathic strain may produce persiste ... | 2016 | 26779151 |
| persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in domestic and wild small ruminants and camelids including the mountain goat (oreamnos americanus). | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a pestivirus best known for causing a variety of disease syndromes in cattle, including gastrointestinal disease, reproductive insufficiency, immunosuppression, mucosal disease, and hemorrhagic syndrome. the virus can be spread by transiently infected individuals and by persistently infected animals that may be asymptomatic while shedding large amounts of virus throughout their lifetime. bvdv has been reported in over 40 domestic and free-ranging species, an ... | 2016 | 26779126 |
| evidence of shared bovine viral diarrhea infections between red deer and extensively raised cattle in south-central spain. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is a pestivirus that affects cattle production worldwide and that can infect other ungulates such as cervids and even wild boar (sus scrofa). it is believed that domestic livestock can become infected through contact with wild animals, though it is known that infection can spread among wild animals in the absence of contact with livestock. little is known about the sharing of bvdv infection between wild and domestic animals in the same habitat, which is importa ... | 2016 | 26767363 |
| circulation of bovine viral diarrhea virus--1 (bvdv-1) in dairy cattle and buffalo farms in ismailia province, egypt. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) is one of the most economically significant diseases in the bovine industry causing losses due to diarrhea, reproductive disorders, immunosuppression and mortalities. the aim of our investigation was to detect and subtype bvdv from calves on two dairy cattle and two buffalo farms in ismailia province, egypt as an indicator of bvdv infection status in the province. | 2015 | 26719939 |
| molecular detection of bovine coronavirus in a diarrhea outbreak in pasture-feeding nellore steers in southern brazil. | worldwide diarrhea outbreaks in cattle herds are more frequently detected in calves being that diarrhea outbreaks in adult cattle are not common. winter dysentery (wd) is a bovine coronavirus (bcov) enteric infection that is more reported in northern hemisphere. seasonal outbreaks of wd in adult cattle occur mainly in dairy cows. wd has not been described in beef cattle herds of tropical countries. this study describes the molecular detection of bcov in a diarrhea outbreak in beef cattle steers ... | 2016 | 26712361 |
| efficacy of four commercially available multivalent modified-live virus vaccines against clinical disease, viremia, and viral shedding in early-weaned beef calves exposed simultaneously to cattle persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus and cattle acutely infected with bovine herpesvirus 1. | to evaluate the efficacy of 4 commercially available multivalent modified-live virus vaccines against clinical disease, viremia, and viral shedding caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) in early-weaned beef calves. | 2016 | 26709942 |
| multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay for bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1, type 2 and hobi-like pestivirus. | hobi-like pestiviruses are emerging pestiviruses that infect cattle causing clinical forms overlapping to those induced by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 1 and 2. as a consequence of their widespread distribution reported in recent years, molecular tools for rapid discrimination among pestiviruses infecting cattle are needed. the aim of the present study was to develop a multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay, based on the taqman technology, for the rapid and unambiguous characterisation of all bo ... | 2016 | 26709100 |
| complete genome sequence of bovine viral diarrhea virus-1 strain egy/ismailia/2014, subtype 1b. | here, we report the complete genome sequence of bovine viral diarrhea virus-1b (bvdv-1b), strain egy/ismailia/2014. the virus genome is composed of 12,217 nucleotides organized as one open reading frame encoding 3,898 amino acids. this report will assist efforts in diagnostics, studying molecular epidemiology, and control of bvdv in egypt. | 2015 | 26701085 |
| occurrence of antibodies anti -toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum and leptospira interrogans in a captive deer herd in southern brazil. | a large number of brazilian zoos keep many endangered species of deer, however, very few disease surveillance studies have been conducted among captive cervids. blood samples from 32 brazilian deer (blastocerus dichotomus, mazama nana and mazama americana) kept in captivity at bela vista biological sanctuary (foz do iguaçu, brazil) were investigated for 10 ruminant pathogens, with the aims of monitoring deer health status and evaluating any potential zoonotic risk. deer serum samples were tested ... | 2015 | 26689185 |
| evaluation of bovine abortion cases and tissue suitability for identification of infectious agents in california diagnostic laboratory cases from 2007 to 2012. | establishing a definitive cause of bovine abortion is a challenging problem faced by veterinary practitioners and diagnosticians. detection of an infectious or noninfectious source for abortion may facilitate interventions that mitigate future fetal loss in the herd. the purposes of this study were to identify the most common causes of bovine abortion in cases submitted to the california animal health and food safety laboratory system, davis (cahfs) from 2007 to 2013 and to determine if detectio ... | 2016 | 26679514 |
| decreasing the frequency of energy supplementation from daily to three times weekly impairs growth and humoral immune response of preconditioning beef steers. | we evaluated the effects of frequency of energy supplementation on growth and measurements of innate and humoral immune responses of preconditioning beef steers following vaccination. angus steers ( = 24; 221 ± 6.3 kg; 177 ± 4 d of age) were weaned on d -7 and kept in a single drylot pen with free access to tall fescue hay and concentrate dmi at 0.5% of bw (50:50 mix of soyhulls and corn gluten pellets; dm basis) from d -7 to 0. on d 0, steers were stratified by bw and age and randomly assigned ... | 2015 | 26641062 |
| silica vesicle nanovaccine formulations stimulate long-term immune responses to the bovine viral diarrhoea virus e2 protein. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is one of the most serious pathogen, which causes tremendous economic loss to the cattle industry worldwide, meriting the development of improved subunit vaccines. structural glycoprotein e2 is reported to be a major immunogenic determinant of bvdv virion. we have developed a novel hollow silica vesicles (sv) based platform to administer bvdv-1 escherichia coli-expressed optimised e2 (oe2) antigen as a nanovaccine formulation. the sv-140 vesicles (diameter 50 ... | 2015 | 26630001 |
| molecular diversity of bovine viral diarrhea virus in uruguay. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) affects bovine production and reproduction causing significant economic losses all over the world. two viral species has been recognized: bvdv-1 and bvdv-2, both distributed worldwide. recently, novel specie of bvdv named hobi-like pestivirus was discovered. the presence of bvdv was confirmed in 1996 in uruguay, however, does not exist until today a schedule of compulsory vaccination along the country. serological studies with samples from all uruguayan herds were per ... | 2016 | 26597189 |
| noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 impairs virus control in a mouse model. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is an economically important pathogen that causes development of mild to severe clinical signs in wild and domesticated ruminants. we previously showed that mice could be infected by bvdv. in the present study, we infected mice intraperitoneally with non-cytopathic (ncp) bvdv1 or ncp bvdv2, harvested the blood and organs of the infected mice at days 4, 7, 10 and 14 postinfection (pi), and performed immunohistochemical analyses to confirm bvdv infection. viral a ... | 2016 | 26586332 |
| actinobacteria from termite mounds show antiviral activity against bovine viral diarrhea virus, a surrogate model for hepatitis c virus. | extracts from termite-associated bacteria were evaluated for in vitro antiviral activity against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). two bacterial strains were identified as active, with percentages of inhibition (ip) equal to 98%. both strains were subjected to functional analysis via the addition of virus and extract at different time points in cell culture; the results showed that they were effective as posttreatments. moreover, we performed mtt colorimetric assays to identify the cc50, ic50, ... | 2015 | 26579205 |
| pestivirus infection in reindeer (rangifer tarandus). | reindeer species (rangifer tarandus, linnaeus, 1758) includes wild and semi-domesticated ruminants belonging to capreaolinae subfamily of cervidae family reared in eurasia (reindeer subspecies) and north america (caribou subspecies). herding of reindeer has a great historical, socio-economic and ecological importance, especially to indigenous ethnic minorities. infectious disease threats may therefore impact not solely the animal population driving it to further extinction and irreversible alter ... | 2015 | 26579094 |
| single pathogen challenge with agents of the bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in cattle; costing the dairy and beef industries millions of dollars annually, despite the use of vaccines and antibiotics. brdc is caused by one or more of several viruses (bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine herpes type 1 also known as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, and bovine viral diarrhea virus), which predispose animals to infection with one or more bacteria. these include: pasteurella mul ... | 2015 | 26571015 |
| immunisation of sheep with bovine viral diarrhoea virus, e2 protein using a freeze-dried hollow silica mesoporous nanoparticle formulation. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus 1 (bvdv-1) is arguably the most important viral disease of cattle. it is associated with reproductive, respiratory and chronic diseases in cattle across the world. in this study we have investigated the capacity of the major immunological determinant of bvdv-1, the e2 protein combined with hollow type mesoporous silica nanoparticles with surface amino functionalisation (hmsa), to stimulate immune responses in sheep. the current work also investigated the immunogenici ... | 2015 | 26535891 |
| experimental infection with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus in mice induces megakaryopoiesis in the spleen and bone marrow. | here, we infected mice with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (cp bvdv1) by oral inoculation and investigated the effects of infection by histopathological, immunohistochemical (ihc), hematological methods. twelve mice were infected, and samples were obtained at day 2, 5, and 9 postinfection (pi). most of the infected mice exhibited clinical signs of illness such as reduced movement, crouching, loose feces, loss of appetite, and reduced water intake. blood samples from six mice were posit ... | 2016 | 26526150 |
| experimental infection of calves, sheep, goats and pigs with hobi-like viruses by direct inoculation or exposure to persistently infected calves. | hobi-like viruses are an emerging species of pestiviruses associated with respiratory and reproductive disease in cattle and in water buffaloes. although cattle appear to be the main natural hosts, little is know about the potential for hobi-like viruses to be transmitted to other livestock. in this study, seronegative calves, goats and pigs, and sheep harboring pestivirus antibodies (probably due to previous exposure to bvdv) were exposed to hobi-like viruses either by direct inoculation (gin) ... | 2015 | 26525738 |
| effects of oral meloxicam administration to beef cattle receiving lipopolysaccharide administration or vaccination against respiratory pathogens. | this study evaluated the effects of oral meloxicam administration on metabolic, inflammatory, and acute-phase responses of beef cattle receiving a lipopolysaccharide (lps) challenge (exp. 1; d -1 to 6) or vaccinated against respiratory pathogens (exp. 2; d 7 to 21). twenty-one angus steers ( = 11) and heifers ( = 10) were housed in individual pens on d -15 and were offered free-choice water, mineral-vitamin mix, and hay until d 21. in exp. 1, cattle were ranked on d -1 by sex and bw and assigned ... | 2015 | 26523594 |
| herd-level prevalence and risk factors for bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in cattle in the state of paraíba, northeastern brazil. | serological surveys based on a planned sampling on bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection in brazilian cattle herds are scarce. a cross-sectional study was carried out to determine herd- and animal-level seroprevalences and to identify risk factors associated with herd-level seroprevalence for bvdv infection in the state of paraíba, northeastern brazil, from september 2012 to january 2013. the state was divided into three sampling strata, and for each stratum, the prevalence of herds infec ... | 2016 | 26498460 |
| acute bvdv-2 infection in beef calves delays humoral responses to a non-infectious antigen challenge. | immunosuppressive effects of an intranasal challenge with non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 2a (strain 1373) were assessed through acquired and innate immune system responses to ovalbumin (ova). concurrent bvdv infection was hypothesized to delay and reduce the humoral response to ovalbumin (administered on days 3 and 15 post-inoculation). infected animals followed the expected clinical course. bvdv titers, and anti-bvdv antibodies confirmed the course of infection and were not a ... | 2015 | 26483584 |
| comparison of reproductive performance of primiparous dairy cattle following revaccination with either modified-live or killed multivalent viral vaccines in early lactation. | the objective of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the effect of revaccination in primiparous dairy cows with modified live viral (mlv) or killed viral (kv) vaccines containing bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (bohv-1) on (1) pregnancy rate following estrus synchronization-timed artificial insemination (tai), (2) serum progesterone concentrations, and (3) serum neutralizing antibody titers at revaccination and at tai. primiparous dairy cows (n=692) that had ... | 2015 | 26454300 |
| assessment of the rabbit as a wildlife reservoir of bovine viral diarrhea virus: serological analysis and generation of trans-placentally infected offspring. | eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is ongoing in many european countries and is based on removal of persistently infected (pi) cattle. in this context, low-level risks, including alternative reservoirs of infection, may become more important as the number of bvdv-free herds increases. alternative reservoirs include livestock, such as sheep and goats, as well as wildlife, including deer and rabbits. due to the extensive nature of the beef industry in scotland, where an eradication ... | 2015 | 26441927 |
| effect of growth implant regimen on health, performance, and immunity of high-risk, newly received stocker cattle. | growth implant efficacy may be affected when administered to nutritionally stressed calves, whereas the procedure may alter health or the humoral immune response to respiratory vaccination. the study objective was to determine the effect of different administration times (d 0, 14, or 28) of a growth implant containing 200 mg progesterone and 20 mg estradiol benzoate on health, performance, and metabolic and immunologic variables in high-risk, newly received beef calves used in a 120-d receiving/ ... | 2015 | 26440188 |
| complete genome sequence of noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 contaminating a high-passage rk-13 cell line. | a high-passage rabbit kidney rk-13 cell line (hp-rk-13[ky], originally derived from the atcc ccl-37 cell line) used in certain laboratories worldwide is contaminated with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (ncpbvdv). on complete genome sequence analysis, the virus strain was found to belong to bvdv group 1b. | 2015 | 26430037 |
| genetic diversity of brazilian bovine pestiviruses detected between 1995 and 2014. | pestivirus infections in ruminants result in significant economic losses worldwide. the aetiological agents are three species from the genus pestivirus, family flaviviridae, including bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 1 (bvdv-1), bvdv-2, border disease virus (bdv), and an atypical pestivirus named hobi-like pestivirus. in this study, eighty-nine pestivirus isolates that were collected in brazil between 1995 and 2014 and that originated from either cattle, fetal bovine serum (fbs) or as cell cult ... | 2017 | 26415862 |
| anti-bovine herpesvirus and anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus antibody responses in pregnant holstein dairy cattle following administration of a multivalent killed virus vaccine. | to determine the effect of a commercially available multivalent killed virus vaccine on serum neutralizing (sn) and colostrum neutralizing (cn) antibodies against bovine herpesvirus (bhv) type 1 and bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) types 1 and 2 in pregnant dairy cattle. | 2015 | 26413830 |
| a nationwide database linking information on the hosts with sequence data of their virus strains: a useful tool for the eradication of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) in switzerland. | pestiviruses infect a wide variety of animals of the order artiodactyla, with bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) being an economically important pathogen of livestock globally. bvdv is maintained in the cattle population by infecting fetuses early in gestation and, thus, by generating persistently infected (pi) animals that efficiently transmit the virus throughout their lifetime. in 2008, switzerland started a national control campaign with the aim to eradicate bvdv from all bovines in the coun ... | 2016 | 26403669 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of bovine viral diarrhea viruses isolated from cattle in hokkaido, japan. | in our previous study, we genetically analyzed bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdvs) isolated from 2000 to 2006 in japan and reported that subgenotype 1b viruses were predominant. in the present study, 766 bvdvs isolated from 2006 to 2014 in hokkaido, japan, were genetically analyzed to understand recent epidemics. phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of the 5'-untranslated region of viral genome revealed that 766 isolates were classified as genotype 1 (bvdv-1; 544 isolates) and g ... | 2016 | 26400674 |
| first detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus type 2 in cattle in spain. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) is a member of the genus pestivirus that belongs to the family flaviviridae. bvdv is found worldwide in cattle population and causes significant economic losses to the dairy and beef industries. two distinct genotypes of bvdv exist: bvdv type 1 (bvdv-1) and bvdv type 2 (bvdv-2). | 2015 | 26392905 |
| construction and immunogenicity of the recombinant lactobacillus acidophilus pmg36e-e0-la-5 of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea/mucosal disease (bvd/md) is an infectious disease of cattle with a worldwide distribution, creating a substantial economic impact. it is caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv). this research was conducted to construct the recombinant lactobacillus acidophilus (l. acidophilus) pmg36e-e0-la-5 of bvdv e0 gene and to test its immunogenicity and protective efficacy against bvdv infection in the mice model. the bvdv e0 gene was sub-cloned into the expression vector and then ... | 2015 | 26386184 |
| serological detection of infection dynamics for respiratory viruses among dairy calves. | the aim of this study is to reveal infection dynamics of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (pi-3), bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine adenovirus type 3 (bav-3) and bovine coronavirus (bcov), which are important viral pathogens of respiratory disease complex in ruminants. through such an analysis, the regression period of maternally derived antibodies and optimum vaccination time in calves can be recommended. a total ... | 2015 | 26380946 |
| complexation of a 1-indanone thiosemicarbazone with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin enhances its activity against a hepatitis c virus surrogate model. | the current standard of care of the infection by hepatitis c virus (hcv) is effective in a limited number of patients and the high cost hinders therapy affordability and compliance. in this context, the research of new direct-acting antiviral agents (daas) for a more effective and long-lasting therapy is an urgent need and an area of active investigation. in an effort to develop novel daas, a series of 1-indanone thiosemicarbazones (tscs) was synthesized and fully characterized. however, the hig ... | 2015 | 26369033 |
| evaluation of the epidemiological and economic consequences of control scenarios for bovine viral diarrhea virus in dairy herds. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is an important endemic infection. however, no information was available on whether it would be economically beneficial to implement a national control program in the netherlands. therefore, a stochastic simulation model was developed in which control scenarios were added to compare the epidemiological and economic consequences of bvdv control in dutch dairy herds in the next 10 yr. in the epidemiological part of the model, herds could be classified as suscepti ... | 2015 | 26364098 |
| characterization of the determinants of ns2-3-independent virion morphogenesis of pestiviruses. | a peculiarity of the flaviviridae is the critical function of nonstructural (ns) proteins for virus particle formation. for pestiviruses, like bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), uncleaved ns2-3 represents an essential factor for virion morphogenesis, while ns3 is an essential component of the viral replicase. accordingly, in natural pestivirus isolates, processing at the ns2-3 cleavage site is not complete, to allow for virion morphogenesis. virion morphogenesis of the related hepatitis c virus ... | 2015 | 26355097 |
| global transcriptomic profiling of bovine endometrial immune response in vitro. ii. effect of bovine viral diarrhea virus on the endometrial response to lipopolysaccharide. | infection with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (ncpbvdv) is associated with uterine disease and infertility. this study investigated the influence of ncpbvdv on immune functions of the bovine endometrium by testing the response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). primary cultures of mixed epithelial and stromal cells were divided into four treatment groups (control [cont], bvdv, cont+lps, and bvdv+lps) and infected with ncpbvdv for 4 days followed by treatment with lps for 6 h. whol ... | 2015 | 26353892 |
| cytopathic bvdv-1 strain induces immune marker production in bovine cells through the nf-κb signaling pathway. | the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv-1) is a pathogen responsible for high economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. this virus has the capacity to modulate the immune system of several higher vertebrates, but there is little information available on the cell infection mechanism. to further investigate the effects of bvdv-1 on the activation of the immune response, the madin-darby bovine kidney cell line was infected with the cytopathic ch001 field isolate of bvdv-1, and the proinflamma ... | 2015 | 26330089 |
| comparison of the breadth and complexity of bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv) populations circulating in 34 persistently infected cattle generated in one outbreak. | exposure to bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) results in acute and persistent infections. persistent infections result from in utero exposure during the first trimester of gestation. clinical presentation, in persistently infected cattle (pi), is highly variable. the reasons for this variation is largely unknown. the bvdv circulating in pi exist as quasispecies (swarms of individual viruses). an outbreak resulting in 34 pi cattle presented an opportunity to compare a large number of pi׳s. met ... | 2015 | 26319211 |
| immunopathologic changes in the thymus of calves pre-infected with bvdv and challenged with bhv-1. | the aim of this work was to investigate the effect of pre-infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) on thymus immune cells from calves challenged with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv-1). twelve friesian calves, aged 8 to 9 months, were inoculated with non-cytopathic bvdv-1. ten of them were subsequently challenged with bhv-1 and euthanized in batches of two at 1, 2, 4, 7 or 14 dpi with bhv-1. the other two calves were euthanized prior to the second inoculation and were used as bvdv-infected c ... | 2017 | 26304025 |
| development of a taqman assay for sensitive detection of all pestiviruses infecting cattle, including the emerging hobi-like strains. | a real-time rt-pcr assay based on the taqman technology was developed for rapid and sensitive detection of pestiviruses infecting cattle, i.e., bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) 1, bvdv-2, and the emerging hobi-like pestiviruses. the assay was linear and reproducible, being able to detect as few as 10 copies of viral rna. by real-time rt-pcr analysis of 986 biological samples collected from cattle herd with clinical signs suggestive of pestivirus infection and from animals recruited in a pestiv ... | 2015 | 26300370 |
| acute infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus of low or high virulence leads to depletion and redistribution of wc1(+) γδ t cells in lymphoid tissues of beef calves. | the objective of this study was to determine the abundance and distribution of γδ t lymphocytes in lymphoid tissue during acute infection with high (hv) or low virulence (lv) non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in beef calves. this study was performed using tissue samples from a previous experiment in which thirty beef calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: lv [n=10; animals inoculated intranasally (in) with lv bvdv-1a (strain sd-1)], hv [n=10; animals inoculated in with h ... | 2015 | 26282369 |
| development of an apc-targeted multivalent e2-based vaccine against bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2. | the aim of this study was to develop and test a multivalent subunit vaccine against bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) based on the e2 virus glycoprotein belonging to genotypes 1a, 1b and 2a, immunopotentiated by targeting these antigens to antigen-presenting cells. the e2 antigens were expressed in insect cells by a baculovirus vector as fusion proteins with a single chain antibody, named apch i, which recognizes the β-chain of the mhc class ii antigen. the three chimeric proteins were evaluate ... | 2015 | 26279338 |
| measuring the effectiveness of gaseous virus disinfectants. | the efficacy of gaseous disinfection is critical for prevention and treatment of microbial contamination in biotechnological facilities. for an evaluation of gaseous disinfection efficacy, a down-scaled laboratory model was established, using currently available carrier tests and a custom-made dry fog box. a mixture of peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide (paa/hp) was investigated as example, at concentrations between 0.4 and 2.9 ml/m(3) for up to 3 h for inactivation of a panel of lipid-enve ... | 2015 | 26260690 |
| herd-level prevalence and associated risk factors for toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, chlamydia abortus and bovine viral diarrhoea virus in commercial dairy and beef cattle in eastern, northern and northeastern china. | although the seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii, neospora caninum, chlamydia abortus and bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in cattle have been reported in some areas in china, most of them were conducted with small number of cattle samples and very limited districts and neglected the assessment of herd management factors associated with herd-level prevalence of these pathogen infections. thus, from september 2013 to december 2014, a large-scale seroprevalence study was conducted to determin ... | 2015 | 26231838 |
| correction: prevalence study and genetic typing of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in four bovine species in china. | 2015 | 26230393 | |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus-associated disease in feedlot cattle. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) is associated with bovine respiratory disease complex and other diseases of feedlot cattle. although occasionally a primary pathogen, bvdv's impact on cattle health is through the immunosuppressive effects of the virus and its synergism with other pathogens. the simple presence or absence of bvdv does not result in consistent health outcomes because bvdv is only one of many risk factors that contribute to disease syndromes. current interventions have limitation ... | 2015 | 26210765 |
| what variables are important in predicting bovine viral diarrhea virus? a random forest approach. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) causes one of the most economically important diseases in cattle, and the virus is found worldwide. a better understanding of the disease associated factors is a crucial step towards the definition of strategies for control and eradication. in this study we trained a random forest (rf) prediction model and performed variable importance analysis to identify factors associated with bvdv occurrence. in addition, we assessed the influence of features selection on r ... | 2015 | 26208851 |
| ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches. | ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches represent a new class of simple switching modules that adopt well-defined ligand-free and bound conformational states, distinguishing them from metabolite-sensing riboswitches. initially discovered in the internal ribosome entry site (ires) of hepatitis c virus (hcv), these rna switch motifs were found in the genome of diverse other viruses. although large variations are seen in sequence and local secondary structure of the switches, their function in vi ... | 2015 | 26158858 |
| genetic variability of bovine viral diarrhea virus and evidence for a possible genetic bottleneck during vertical transmission in persistently infected cattle. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), a pestivirus in the family flaviviridae, is an economically important pathogen of cattle worldwide. the primary propagators of the virus are immunotolerant persistently infected (pi) cattle, which shed large quantities of virus throughout life. despite the absence of an acquired immunity against bvdv in these pi cattle there are strong indications of viral variability that are of clinical and epidemiological importance. in this study the variability of e2 and ... | 2015 | 26132819 |
| structures and functions of pestivirus glycoproteins: not simply surface matters. | pestiviruses, which include economically important animal pathogens such as bovine viral diarrhea virus and classical swine fever virus, possess three envelope glycoproteins, namely erns, e1, and e2. this article discusses the structures and functions of these glycoproteins and their effects on viral pathogenicity in cells in culture and in animal hosts. e2 is the most important structural protein as it interacts with cell surface receptors that determine cell tropism and induces neutralizing an ... | 2015 | 26131960 |
| immunological response to single pathogen challenge with agents of the bovine respiratory disease complex: an rna-sequence analysis of the bronchial lymph node transcriptome. | susceptibility to bovine respiratory disease (brd) is multi-factorial and is influenced by stress in conjunction with infection by both bacterial and viral pathogens. while vaccination is broadly used in an effort to prevent brd, it is far from being fully protective and cases diagnosed from a combination of observed clinical signs without any attempt at identifying the causal pathogens are usually treated with antibiotics. dairy and beef cattle losses from brd are profound worldwide and genetic ... | 2015 | 26121276 |
| genetic characterization of bovine viral diarrhea virus strains in beijing, china and innate immune responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in persistently infected dairy cattle. | to acquire epidemiological data on the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and identify cattle persistently infected (pi) with this virus, 4,327 samples from holstein dairy cows were screened over a four-year period in beijing, china. eighteen bvd viruses were isolated, 12 from pi cattle. based on genetic analysis of their 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr), the 18 isolates were assigned to subgenotype bvdv-1m, 1a, 1d, 1q, and 1b. to investigate the innate immune responses in the peripheral-blood mo ... | 2015 | 26119170 |
| the molecular biology of pestiviruses. | pestiviruses are among the economically most important pathogens of livestock. the biology of these viruses is characterized by unique and interesting features that are both crucial for their success as pathogens and challenging from a scientific point of view. elucidation of these features at the molecular level has made striking progress during recent years. the analyses revealed that major aspects of pestivirus biology show significant similarity to the biology of human hepatitis c virus (hcv ... | 2015 | 26111586 |
| epidemiology and genetic characterization of bvdv, bhv-1, bhv-4, bhv-5 and brucella spp. infections in cattle in turkey. | the aim of the study was to determine the epidemiological data of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine herpesvirus-4 (bhv-4), bovine herpesvirus-5 (bhv-5) and brucella-associated cattle that were previously reported to have abortion and infertility problems in ankara, corum, kirikkale and yozgat provinces, turkey. whole blood and sera samples were obtained from 656 cattle, and antibodies against brucella spp. were detected in 45 (6.86%) and 41 (6.25%) animals ... | 2015 | 26096964 |
| survey on vertical infection of bovine viral diarrhea virus from fetal bovine sera in the field. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolation and antibody survey were performed using 2,758 fetal bovine sera (fbs) collected from slaughterhouses in new zealand, australia and the dominican republic, and then sent to japan to manufacture commercial serum for cell culture use. fbs in the dominican republic were pooled for each several individuals, and those collected in other countries were separated according to each individual and subjected to the tests. bvdv was isolated from 25 (0.91%) fbs, ... | 2015 | 26074250 |
| identification of amino acid changes in the envelope glycoproteins of bovine viral diarrhea viruses isolated from alpaca that may be involved in host adaptation. | bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) are most commonly associated with infections of cattle. however, bvdv are often isolated from closely related ruminants with a number of bvdv-1b viruses being isolated from alpacas that were both acutely and persistently infected. the complete nucleotide sequence of the open reading frame of eleven alpaca-adapted bvdv isolates and the region encoding the envelope glycoproteins of an additional three isolates were determined. with the exception of one, all alp ... | 2015 | 26072370 |
| genetic detection and characterization of emerging hobi-like viruses in archival foetal bovine serum batches. | bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) are members of the pestivirus genus within the family flaviviridae. based on antigenic and nucleotide differences, bvdv are classified into two recognized species, bvdv-1 and bvdv-2. more recently, a new putative pestivirus species, tentatively called "hobi-like", has been associated with bovine viral diarrhea. hobi-like viruses were first identified in fetal bovine serum (fbs) imported from brazil. subsequently, a number of hobi-like viruses have been detect ... | 2015 | 26071653 |
| viral inactivation of human osteochondral grafts with methylene blue and light. | cartilage injury is one of the most common disorders of synovial joints. fresh osteochondral allografts are becoming a standard treatment; however, they are supply constrained with a potential risk of disease transmission. there are no known virucidal processes available for osteochondral allografts and most methods presently available are detrimental to cartilage. methylene blue light treatment has been shown to be successful in the literature for viral inactivation of fresh frozen plasma. the ... | 0 | 26069682 |
| complete genome sequence of a bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotype 1e strain isolated in switzerland. | we sequenced the complete genome of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) strain carlito. it belongs to the subgenotype 1e that is described in europe only and represents the second most prevalent subgenotype in switzerland. this is the first report of a full-length sequence of bvdv-1e. | 2015 | 26067971 |
| perspective on bvdv control programs. | programs for control and eradication of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) are often considered prudent when the expense of a control program within a specified time frame effectively prevents loss due to disease and the expense of control does not exceed the costs associated with infection. in some geographic areas, concerns about animal welfare or desires to reduce antibiotic usage may motivate bvdv control even when control programs are associated with a lack of financial return on investment ... | 2015 | 26050576 |
| hobi-like viruses--the typical 'atypical bovine pestivirus'. | hobi-like viruses, also referred to as bovine viral diarrhea virus 3 (bvdv-3) and atypical pestivirus, have been proposed as a new putative bovine pestivirus species. these viruses were first identified in the last decade and are currently distributed in at least three continents. published findings suggest that these viruses may be endemic at least in parts of south america and asia. the clinical presentations in cattle, described in field outbreaks and controlled studies, are similar to those ... | 2015 | 26050574 |
| bungowannah virus--a probable new species of pestivirus--what have we found in the last 10 years? | bungowannah virus was discovered following an outbreak of stillbirths and sudden death in young pigs. affected animals consistently showed a myocardopathy with signs of cardiac failure. after virus isolation and pcr investigations were unsuccessful, direct fetal inoculation was undertaken. nucleic acid purified from serum from infected fetuses was subjected to sequence-independent single-primer amplification and nucleic acid sequencing. sequences consistent with a pestivirus were obtained. the e ... | 2015 | 26050573 |
| emerging pestiviruses infecting domestic and wildlife hosts. | until the early 1990 s there were just three recognized species in the pestivirus genus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). subsequently bvdv were divided into two different species, bvdv1 and bvdv2 and four additional putative pestivirus species have been identified, based on phylogenetic analysis. the four putative pestivirus specices, listed in chronological order of published reports, are giraffe (isolated from one of severa ... | 2015 | 26050572 |
| impact of species and subgenotypes of bovine viral diarrhea virus on control by vaccination. | bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) are diverse genetically and antigenically. this diversity impacts both diagnostic testing and vaccination. in north america, there are two bvdv species, 1 and 2 with 3 subgenotypes, bvdv1a, bvdv1b and bvdv2a. initially, us vaccines contained bvdv1a cytopathic strains. with the reporting of bvdv2 severe disease in canada and the usa there was focus on protection by bvdv1a vaccines on bvdv2 disease. there was also emphasis of controlling persistently infected ( ... | 2015 | 26050571 |
| bvdv vaccination in north america: risks versus benefits. | the control and prevention of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections has provided substantial challenges. viral genetic variation, persistent infections, and viral tropism for immune cells have complicated disease control strategies. vaccination has, however, provided an effective tool to prevent acute systemic infections and increase reproductive efficiency through fetal protection. there has been substantial controversy about the safety and efficacy of bvdv vaccines, especially when com ... | 2015 | 26050569 |
| innate and adaptive immune responses to in utero infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | infection of pregnant cows with noncytopathic (ncp) bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) induces rapid innate and adaptive immune responses, resulting in clearance of the virus in less than 3 weeks. seven to 14 days after inoculation of the cow, ncpbvdv crosses the placenta and induces a fetal viremia. establishment of persistent infection with ncpbvdv in the fetus has been attributed to the inability to mount an immune response before 90-150 days of gestational age. the result is 'immune toleranc ... | 2015 | 26050568 |
| immune response to bovine viral diarrhea virus--looking at newly defined targets. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) has long been associated with a wide variety of clinical syndromes and immune dysregulation, many which result in secondary bacterial infections. current understanding of immune cell interactions that result in activation and tolerance are explored in light of bvdv infection including: depletion of lymphocytes, effects on neutrophils, natural killer cells, and the role of receptors and cytokines. in addition, we review some new information on the effect of bvdv ... | 2015 | 26050567 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus type 2 in vivo infection modulates tlr4 responsiveness in differentiated myeloid cells which is associated with decreased myd88 expression. | symptoms of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infection range from subclinical to severe, depending on strain virulence. several in vitro studies showed bvdv infection impaired leukocyte function. fewer studies have examined the effects of in vivo bvdv infection on monocyte/macrophage function, especially with strains of differing virulence. we characterized cytokine production by bovine myeloid cells isolated early or late in high (hv) or low virulence (lv) bvdv2 infection. given bvdv infectio ... | 2015 | 26043978 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus outbreak in a beef cow herd in south dakota. | 136 pregnant beef cows were purchased in the fall of 2003. the following spring, 128 cows calved as expected; 8 cows were believed to have aborted with the fetuses unavailable for evaluation. of the 128 calves born, 8 died within 2 weeks after birth and 9 were born with congenital abnormalities. | 2015 | 26043135 |
| cross-priming amplification for detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus species 1 and 2. | the aim of the study was the development of cross-priming amplification for ubiquitous detection of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) species 1 and 2. | 2015 | 26041144 |
| environmental factors influencing white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) exposure to livestock pathogens in wisconsin. | white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) are commonly exposed to disease agents that affect livestock but environmental factors that predispose deer to exposure are unknown for many pathogens. we trapped deer during winter months on two study areas (northern forest and eastern farmland) in wisconsin from 2010 to 2013. deer were tested for exposure to six serovars of leptospira interrogans (grippotyphosa, icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, bratislava, pomona, and hardjo), bovine viral diarrhea viru ... | 2015 | 26030150 |
| the effects of reference genes in qrt-pcr assays for determining the immune response of bovine cells (mdbk) infected with the bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1). | the bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) causes significant economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide, and understanding its infection mechanisms would be extremely useful in designing new and efficient treatments. due to the limited number of specific antibodies against bovine proteins, differential gene expression analyses are vital for researching host immune responses to viral infection. qrt-pcr provides a sensitive platform to conduct such gene expression analyses, but suitable housekee ... | 2015 | 26004977 |
| full-length coding sequences for 12 bovine viral diarrhea virus isolates from persistently infected cattle in a feedyard in kansas. | we report here the full-length coding sequences of 12 bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) isolates from persistently infected cattle in a feedyard in southwest ks. these 12 genomes represent the three major subtypes of bvdv (bvdv-1a, 1b, and 2a) currently circulating in the united states. | 2015 | 25999576 |
| simple indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus, based on prokaryotically expressed recombinant mbp-ns3 protein. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) is an economically important disease of cattle distributed worldwide. diagnosis of bvd relies on laboratory-based detection of its viral causing agent or virus specific antibodies and the most common laboratory method for this purpose is enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | 2015 | 25964844 |
| molecular analyses detect natural coinfection of water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) with bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) in serologically negative animals. | infection of water buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) with bovine viral diarrhea viruses (bvdv) has been confirmed in several studies by serological and molecular techniques. in order to determine the presence of persistently infected animals and circulating species and subtypes of bvdv we conducted this study on a buffalo herd, whose habitat was shared with bovine cattle (bossp.). our serological results showed a high level of positivity for bvdv-1 and bvdv-2 within the buffalo herd. the molecular ana ... | 2015 | 25962538 |
| viral dose and immunosuppression modulate the progression of acute bvdv-1 infection in calves: evidence of long term persistence after intra-nasal infection. | bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) infection of cattle causes a diverse range of clinical outcomes from being asymptomatic, or a transient mild disease, to producing severe cases of acute disease leading to death. four groups of calves were challenged with a type 1 bvdv strain, originating from a severe outbreak of bvdv in england, to study the effect of viral dose and immunosuppression on the viral replication and transmission of bvdv. three groups received increasing amounts of virus: group a ... | 2015 | 25955849 |