Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| enantioselective bioactivity, acute toxicity and dissipation in vegetables of the chiral triazole fungicide flutriafol. | the enantioselective bioactivity, acute toxicity and stereoselective degradation of the chiral triazole fungicide flutriafol in vegetables were investigated for the first time using the (r)-, (s)- and rac-flutriafol. the order of the bioactivity against five target pathogens (rhizoctonia solani, alternaria solani, pyricularia grisea, gibberella zeae, botrytis cinerea) was found to be (r)-flutriafol>rac-flutriafol>(s)-flutriafol. the fungicidal activity of (r)-flutriafol was 1.49-6.23 times highe ... | 2015 | 25463219 |
| effect of malachite green toxicity on non target soil organisms. | although malachite green (mg), is banned in europe and us for its carcinogenic and teratogenic effect, the dye being cheap, is persistently used in various countries for fish farming, silk, dye, leather and textile industries. current research, however, fails to elucidate adequate knowledge concerning the effects of mg in our ecosystem. in the present investigation, for the first time, an attempt has been made to study the effects of mg on soil biota by testing bacillus subtilis, azotobacter chr ... | 2015 | 25462308 |
| reproductive responses of the earthworm (eisenia fetida) to antiparasitic albendazole exposure. | albendazole (abz) is a veterinary drug with a high efficiency against helminths. here reproductive responses of earthworms eisenia fetida to abz exposure (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 mg kg(-1) soil dry weight) were investigated for 56 d in chronic reproduction test, and deformed sperm were counted and morphological alterations in the seminal vesicles were qualitatively assessed by light and transmission electron microscopy. results have showed that cocoon number of earthworms was more sensitive to low ... | 2015 | 25462294 |
| effects of acute gamma radiation on the reproductive ability of the earthworm eisenia fetida. | earthworms are the most suitable biological indicators of radioactive pollution because they are the parts of nutritional webs, and are present in relatively high numbers. four months old eisenia fetida were exposed to different doses of gamma radiation, namely 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 & 60 gy to study the effects of radiation on different reproductive parameters. the number of cocoons laid and the hatchlings emerged were recorded for all the selected doses. there was n ... | 2015 | 25461510 |
| responses of earthworms to repeated exposure to three biocides applied singly and as a mixture in an agricultural field. | the study aimed at investigating effects of three differently acting biocides; the insecticide esfenvalerate, the fungicide picoxystrobin and the bactericide triclosan, applied individually and as a mixture, on an earthworm community in the field. a concentration-response design was chosen and results were analyzed using univariate and multivariate approaches. effects on juvenile proportions were less pronounced and more variable than effects on abundance, but effects in general were species- an ... | 2015 | 25461024 |
| toxicity of mixtures of λ-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid and cadmium on the earthworm eisenia fetida by combination index (ci)-isobologram method. | contaminants in the environment do not appear singly and usually occur as mixtures. we applied the combination index (ci)-isobologram method which allows computerized quantitation of synergism, additive effect and antagonism to determine the nature of toxicological interactions of two pesticides λ-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, and heavy metal cadmium towards earthworm eisenia fetida. in an artificial soil test, λ-cyhalothrin and cd combination was slightly synergistic at low effect levels which tur ... | 2015 | 25450940 |
| bioavailability of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) in biosolids-amended soils to earthworms (eisenia fetida). | the bioavailability of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and perfluorooctanoic acid (pfoa) in seven biosolids-amended soils without any additionally spiking to earthworms (eisenia fetida) was studied. the uptake and elimination kinetics of pfos and pfoa fit a one-compartment first-order kinetic model. pfos displayed higher uptake and lower elimination rate coefficients, and longer time to reach steady-state (t(ss)) than those of pfoa. the bioaccumulation factors (bafs) of pfos and pfoa ranged 1.5 ... | 2015 | 25439283 |
| earthworm symbiont verminephrobacter eiseniae mediates natural transformation within host egg capsules using type iv pili. | the dense microbial communities commonly associated with plants and animals should offer many opportunities for horizontal gene transfer through described mechanisms of dna exchange including natural transformation (nt). however, studies of the significance of nt have focused primarily on pathogens. the study presented here demonstrates highly efficient dna exchange by nt in a common symbiont of earthworms. the obligate bacterial symbiont verminephrobacter eiseniae is a member of a microbial con ... | 2014 | 25400622 |
| both released silver ions and particulate ag contribute to the toxicity of agnps to earthworm eisenia fetida. | to disentangle the contribution of ionic and nanoparticulate ag to the overall toxicity to the earthworm eisenia fetida, a semi-permeable membrane strategy was used to separate ag(+) released from silver nanoparticles (agnps) in an aqueous exposure. internal ag fractionation, activities of antioxidant enzymes and metabolites in e. fetida were determined after 96 h of exposure to two sizes of polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated agnps. the response of the antioxidant system combined with the content of ma ... | 2015 | 25387252 |
| fate and effects of clothianidin in fields using conservation practices. | despite the extensive use of the neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin, and its known toxicity to beneficial insects such as pollinators, little attention has been given to its fate under agricultural field conditions. the present study investigated the fate and toxicity of clothianidin applied every other year as a corn seed-coating at 2 different rates, 0.25 mg/seed and 0.50 mg/seed, in an agricultural field undergoing a corn-soybean annual rotation, and conservation tillage. concentrations w ... | 2015 | 25376402 |
| epr detection of hydroxyl radical generation and oxidative perturbations in lead-exposed earthworms (eisenia fetida) in the presence of decabromodiphenyl ether. | lead (pb) and decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) are the main contaminants at e-waste recycling sites, and their potential toxicological effects on terrestrial organisms have received extensive attention. however, the impacts on the oxidative perturbations and hydroxyl radical (·oh) generation in earthworms of exposure to the two chemicals remain almost unknown. therefore, indoor incubation tests were performed on control and contaminated soil samples to determine the effects of pb in earthworms e ... | 2015 | 25373545 |
| activity of earthworm in latosol under simulated acid rain stress. | acid rain is still an issue of environmental concerns. this study investigated the impacts of simulated acid rain (sar) upon earthworm activity from the latosol (acidic red soil). laboratory experiment was performed by leaching the soil columns grown with earthworms (eisenia fetida) at the sar ph levels ranged from 2.0 to 6.5 over a 34-day period. results showed that earthworms tended to escape from the soil and eventually died for the sar at ph = 2.0 as a result of acid toxicity. the catalase a ... | 2015 | 25351717 |
| direct, rapid and sustainable vermicomposting of the leaf litter of neem (azadirachta indica). | the recently developed concept of high rate vermicomposting was successfully used to enable direct vermicomoposting of neem leaves-without any pre-composting or cow dung supplementation as previously reported processes had necessitated. all the three epigeic species of earthworms that were explored, eudrilus eugeniae, eisenia fetida and perionyx excavatus, provided efficient vermicast production with no mortality, persistent gain in body mass and good fecundity over the 16 months long period of ... | 2015 | 25344437 |
| effects of benzo[a]pyrene on growth, the antioxidant system, and dna damage in earthworms (eisenia fetida) in 2 different soil types under laboratory conditions. | the aims of the present study were to compare the toxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene (bap) and to screen for rapid and sensitive biomarkers that can be used to assess the environmental risks of bap in earthworms in different natural soil types. the authors exposed eisenia fetida to 2 types of soil (red soil and fluvo-aquic soil) spiked with different concentrations (0 mg kg(-1), 1 mg kg(-1), 10 mg kg(-1), 100 mg kg(-1), and 500 mg kg(-1)) of bap for 7 d or 14 d. benzo[a]pyrene-induced weight variat ... | 2015 | 25331318 |
| biomarker responses in earthworms (eisenia fetida) to soils contaminated with di-n-butyl phthalates. | di-n-butyl phthalates (dbp) are recognized as ubiquitous contaminants in soil and adversely impact the health of organisms. changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and levels of glutathione-s-transferase (gst), glutathione (gsh), and malondialdehyde (mda) were used as biomarkers to evaluate the impact of dbp on earthworms (eisenia fetida) after exposure to dbp for 28 days. dbp was added to artificial soil in the amounts of 0, 5, 10, 50, and 100 mg kg(-1) of soil. earthworm tissues exposed ... | 2015 | 25328097 |
| towards understanding the effects of additives on the vermicomposting of sewage sludge. | this work evaluated the effects of additives on the chemical properties of the final products (vermicompost) from vermicomposting of sewage sludge and the adaptable characteristics of eisenia fetida during the process. an experimental design with different ratios of sewage sludge and the additives (cattle dung or pig manure) was conducted. the results showed that the vermicomposting reduced total organic carbon and the quotient of total organic carbon to total nitrogen (c/n ratio) of the initial ... | 2015 | 25328094 |
| chronic pfos exposure alters the expression of neuronal development-related human homologues in eisenia fetida. | pfos is a toxic, persistent environmental pollutant which is widespread worldwide. pfos contamination has entered the food chain and is interfering with normal development in man and is neurotoxic, hepatotoxic and tumorigenic. the earthworm, eisenia fetida is one of the organisms which can help to diagnose soil health and contamination at lower levels in the food chain. studying the chronic effects of sub-lethal pfos exposure in such an organism is therefore appropriate. as pfos bioaccumulates a ... | 2014 | 25285771 |
| penicillium sp. as an organism that degrades endosulfan and reduces its genotoxic effects. | endosulfan is an organochloride and persistent pesticide that has caused concern because of its impact in the environment and its toxicity to and bioaccumulation in living organisms. in this study, we isolated an endosulfan-degrading fungus from the activated sludge from an industrial wastewater treatment plant. through repetitive enrichment and successive subculture in media containing endosulfan as the sole carbon source, a fungus designated che 23 was isolated. based on a phylogenetic analysi ... | 2014 | 25279327 |
| a comparative study for pathogen removal using different filter media during vermifiltration. | the present study focuses on the effect of filter media (riverbed gravel, mud balls, coal and glass balls) for the removal of pathogens during vermifiltration of domestic wastewater. this novel study was conducted for the first time on different vermifilters (vfs) with different media, and pathogen removal was extensively investigated for a period of 3 months. results indicated that vermifilter with riverbed material (vfr) showed maximum biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand remov ... | 2014 | 25259487 |
| potentiality of eisenia fetida to degrade disposable paper cups-an ecofriendly solution to solid waste pollution. | the aim of the present study was to subject the post-consumer waste, namely paper cups for vermicomposting along with cow dung in three different ratios for a period of 90-140 days employing eisenia fetida. the post-consumer wastes are a menace in many developing countries including india. this waste was provided as feed for earthworms and was converted to vermicompost. vermicompost prepared with paper cup waste was analyzed for their physicochemical properties. based on the physicochemical prop ... | 2015 | 25220767 |
| vermiremediation of heavy metals in wastewater sludge from paper and pulp industry using earthworm eisenia fetida. | this work presents the results of removing heavy metals from paper mill wastewater (pms) sludge spiked with cow dung (cd) employing eisenia fetida. a total of seven set-ups were prepared: cd (100 percent), pms: cd (1:3), pms:cd (1:2), pms:cd (1:1), pms (100 percent), pms:cd (3:1) and pms:cd (2:1) and changes in chemical parameters were observed for 60 days. vermistabilization caused the significant decrease in the level of cd (32-37 percent), cr (47.3-80.9 percent), cu (68.8-88.4 percent), and p ... | 2014 | 25215882 |
| effects of combined composting and vermicomposting of waste sludge on arsenic fate and bioavailability. | composting and vermicomposting are traditional processes for the treatment of sludge. during these processes, the humification of organic matter has a significant effect on the physicochemical form and distribution of heavy metals. in this study, industrial sludge (groundwater treatment waste) contaminated by arsenic (396 ± 1 mg kg(-1)) was used. such sludge poses a significant challenge with respect to effective treatment. composting, vermicomposting (with eisenia fetida), and the combined appr ... | 2014 | 25209831 |
| evaluation of zinc oxide nanoparticle toxicity in sludge products applied to agricultural soil using multispecies soil systems. | to study the environmental impact of nanoparticles, the sludges of wastewater (wwts) and water treatment (wts) plants enriched with zno nanoparticles were added to agricultural soil, and the toxic effects of the nanoparticles were studied using a microcosm system based on the soil. the wwts treated soils were characterised by statistically significant decreases (p<0.05) in vicia sativa germination at the lowest (76.2%) and medium (95.2%) application rates, decreases in the fresh biomass for trit ... | 2014 | 25194764 |
| ecotoxicological evaluation of sewage sludge contaminated with zinc oxide nanoparticles. | the objective of this work was to evaluate the ecotoxicological qualitative risk associated with the use of sewage sludge containing zn oxide nanoparticles (zno-nps) as soil amendment. a sludge-untreated soil and two sludge-treated soils were spiked with zno-nps (0-1,000 mg/kg soil). soil ecotoxicity was assessed with eisenia fetida (acute and sublethal end points), and the unfilterable and filterable (0.02 μm) soil leachates were tested with a battery of biomarkers using chlorella vulgaris, dap ... | 2014 | 25185842 |
| anti-elastase, anti-tyrosinase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibitory activity of earthworm extracts as potential new anti-aging agent. | to examine whether earthworms of eisenia fetida, lumbricus rubellus and eudrilus eugeniae extracts have elastase, tyrosinase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (mmp-1) inhibitory activity. | 2014 | 25183109 |
| effect of triclosan on reproduction, dna damage and heat shock protein gene expression of the earthworm eisenia fetida. | triclosan (tcs) is released into the terrestrial environment via the application of sewage sludge and reclaimed water to agricultural land. more attention has been paid to its effect on non-target soil organisms. in the present study, chronic toxic effects of tcs on earthworms at a wide range of concentrations were investigated. the reproduction, dna damage, and expression levels of heat shock protein (hsp70) gene of earthworms were studied as toxicity endpoints. the results showed that the repr ... | 2014 | 25134678 |
| bioremediation of distillery sludge into soil-enriching material through vermicomposting with the help of eisenia fetida. | the aim of the present study was bioremediation of distillery sludge into a soil-enriching material. it was mixed with a complementary waste, cattle dung, and subjected to vermicomposting with (v) and without (t, control) eisenia fetida in the ratio of 0:100 % (v1, t1), 10:90 (v2, t2), 25:75 (v3, t3), 50:50 (v4, t4), 75:25 (v5, t5) and 100:0 % (v6, t6), respectively. survival rate, growth rate, onset of maturity, cocoon production and population build-up increased with increasing ratio of cattle ... | 2014 | 25113550 |
| toxicological responses of the earthworm eisenia fetida to 18-crown-6 under laboratory conditions. | the earthworm eisenia fetida was exposed to artificial soil supplemented with 18-crown-6 (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane) to investigate its effects on earthworm mortality, growth, avoidance, burrowing behavior and respiration. the results revealed that 18-crown-6 had the potential to negatively affect the behavior of earthworms. the 7-d lc50 was 585 mg kg(-1) soil. avoidance behavior was the most sensitive endpoint, with a 48-h ec50 of 120 mg kg(-1) soil. growth, burrow length and respir ... | 2014 | 25100182 |
| towards understanding the stabilization process in vermicomposting using parafac analysis of fluorescence spectra. | in this study, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (eem) combined with parallel factor analysis (parafac) was employed to trace the behavior of water extractable organic matter and assess the stabilization process during vermicomposting of sewage sludge and cattle dung. experiments using different mixing ratios of sewage sludge and cattle dung were conducted using eisenia fetida. the results showed that vermicomposting reduced the doc, doc/don ratio and ammonia, while increased the nitrate c ... | 2014 | 25068534 |
| bioactive proteins and peptides isolated from chinese medicines with pharmaceutical potential. | some protein pharmaceuticals from chinese medicine have been developed to treat cardiovascular diseases, genetic diseases, and cancer. bioactive proteins with various pharmacological properties have been successfully isolated from animals such as hirudo medicinalis (medicinal leech), eisenia fetida (earthworm), and mesobuthus martensii (chinese scorpion), and from herbal medicines derived from species such as cordyceps militaris, ganoderma, momordica cochinchinensis, viscum album, poria cocos, s ... | 2014 | 25067942 |
| can the use of medical muds cause genotoxicity in eukaryotic cells? a trial using comet assay. | despite the lack of knowledge of their exact effects, peloids (natural muds) are widely applied in clinical treatment and prevention of different diseases, especially in rheumatic and gynecological disorders or skin diseases. primarily we have information on their inorganic components, but only limited data are available on the organic components and nothing on their mechanism of chemical action. the objective of the present study was to detect the dna-damaging effects (possible genotoxic effect ... | 2015 | 25063339 |
| combined toxicity of butachlor, atrazine and λ-cyhalothrin on the earthworm eisenia fetida by combination index (ci)-isobologram method. | pesticides in the environment do not appear singly and usually occur as complex mixtures and their combined effect may exhibit toxicity to organisms. the individual and combined toxicities of two herbicides, atrazine and butachlor and an insecticide λ-cyhalothrin have been examined to the earthworm eisenia fetida, as a non-target terrestrial organism, in artificial soil and filter paper tests. the order of toxicity for the individual pesticides was ranked as atrazine>λ-cyhalothrin>butachlor in b ... | 2014 | 25048932 |
| toxicity and bioaccumulation of ethofumesate enantiomers in earthworm eisenia fetida. | earthworms represent an important food source for many vertebrates and as a result, predators may encounter toxic effects via the food chain from consumption of contaminated worms. therefore, including an assessment of xenobiotic to worms in risk assessment procedures is advisable. here we studied the acute toxicity, bioaccumulation and elimination of ethofumesate enantiomers in earthworm, eisenia fetida, in a soil. a slight difference in toxicity to earthworm between two enantiomers was found, ... | 2014 | 25048902 |
| inhibition effect of glyphosate on the acute and subacute toxicity of cadmium to earthworm eisenia fetida. | the acute and subacute toxicities of cadmium (cd) to earthworm eisenia fetida in the presence and absence of glyphosate were studied. although cd is highly toxic to e. fetida, the presence of glyphosate markedly reduced the acute toxicity of cd to earthworm; both the mortality rate of the earthworms and the accumulation of cd decreased with the increase of the glyphosate/cd molar ratio. the subcellular distribution of cd in e. fetida tissues showed that internal cd was dominant in the intact cel ... | 2014 | 25043609 |
| the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of metalaxy-m on earthworms (eisenia fetida). | as the main optical isomer of metalaxyl, metalaxyl-m has been widely used worldwide in recent years because of its notable effect on the prevention and control of crop diseases. together with the toxicity and degradation of metalaxyl-m, the chemical has attracted the attention of researchers. the present study examined the toxic effects of metalaxyl-m on earthworms at 0 mg kg(-1) , 0.1 mg kg(-1) , 1 mg kg(-1) , and 3 mg kg(-1) on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after exposure. the results showed that meta ... | 2014 | 25043480 |
| a multi-biomarker risk assessment of the impact of brominated flame retardant-decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) on the antioxidant system of earthworm eisenia fetida. | decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) is the major contaminant at e-waste recycling sites (ewrss), and its potential toxicological effects on terrestrial organisms have received extensive attention. however, the impacts of bde209 on the antioxidant defense system in terrestrial organisms remain vague. therefore, indoor incubation tests were performed systematically on control and contaminated soil samples to determine the effects of bde209 on the antioxidant system of earthworm eisenia fetida. the re ... | 2014 | 25016100 |
| effects of soil organic matter content on cadmium toxicity in eisenia fetida: implications for the use of biomarkers and standard toxicity tests. | bioavailability is affected by soil physicochemical characteristics such as ph and organic matter (om) content. in addition, om constitutes the energy source of eisenia fetida, a well established model species for soil toxicity assessment. the present work aimed at assessing the effects of changes in om content on the toxicity of cd in e. fetida through the measurement of neutral red uptake (nru) and mortality, growth, and reproduction (organisation for economic co-operation and development [oec ... | 2015 | 25015731 |
| optimization of nru assay in primary cultures of eisenia fetida for metal toxicity assessment. | coelomocytes, immunocompetent cells of lumbricids, have received special attention for ecotoxicological studies due to their sensibility to pollutants. their in vitro responses are commonly quantified after in vivo exposure to real or spiked soils. alternatively, quantifications of in vitro responses after in vitro exposure are being studied. within this framework, the present study aimed at optimizing the neutral red uptake (nru) assay in primary culture of eisenia fetida coelomocytes for its a ... | 2014 | 25011921 |
| integrated assessment of oxidative stress and dna damage in earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to azoxystrobin. | azoxystrobin has been widely used in recent years. the present study investigated the oxidative stress and dna damage effects of azoxystrobin on earthworms (eisenia fetida). earthworms were exposed to different azoxystrobin concentrations in an artificial soil (0, 0.1, 1, and 10mg/kg) and sampled on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), guaiacol peroxidase (pod), glutathione-s-transferase (gst), reactive oxygen species (ros), and malondialdehyde (mda) content were m ... | 2014 | 25011117 |
| molecular and ultrastructural insights into the earthworm eisenia fetida of the assessment of ecotoxicity during colistin exposure. | colistin is a peptide antibiotic widely used as a feed additive in animal farming, especially in poultry and swine production, for treatment and prevention of gram-negative bacterial infections, as well as for growth promotion use. when orally ingested, colistin is poorly absorbed and is eliminated almost unaltered by the enteric canal into the environment. thus, risk of environmental toxicity cannot be ignored. in the present study, we examined the effects of colistin on heath shock protein (hs ... | 2014 | 24999182 |
| optimization of eisenia fetida stocking density for the bioconversion of rock phosphate enriched cow dung-waste paper mixtures. | vermitechnology is gaining recognition as an environmental friendly waste management strategy. its successful implementation requires that the key operational parameters like earthworm stocking density be established for each target waste/waste mixture. one target waste mixture in south africa is waste paper mixed with cow dung and rock phosphate (rp) for p enrichment. this study sought to establish optimal eisenia fetida stocking density for maximum p release and rapid bioconversion of rp enric ... | 2014 | 24997095 |
| earthworm coelomocytes as nanoscavenger of zno nps. | earthworms can 'biotransform' or 'biodegrade' chemical contaminants, rendering them harmless in their bodies, and can bioaccumulate them in their tissues. they 'absorb' the dissolved chemicals through their moist 'body wall' due to the interstitial water and also ingest by 'mouth' while soil passes through the gut. since the advent of the nanotechnology era, the environmental sink has been continuously receiving engineered nanomaterials as well as their derivatives. our current understanding of ... | 2014 | 24959107 |
| heavy metal behavior and dissolved organic matter (dom) characterization of vermicomposted pig manure amended with rice straw. | vermicomposting is an eco-friendly method for disposing of livestock and poultry manure. in addition, dissolved organic matter (dom) can serve as a carrier that enhances the migration and transformation of heavy metals. here, pig manure amended with rice straw was vermicomposted with eisenia fetida. the dom content, molecular weight distribution, and spectroscopic properties of the amended pig manure were measured before and after vermicomposting. the cu and zn concentrations in the earthworms i ... | 2014 | 24958537 |
| 1h nmr-based metabolomic analysis of sub-lethal perfluorooctane sulfonate exposure to the earthworm, eisenia fetida, in soil. | 1h nmr-based metabolomics was used to measure the response of eisenia fetida earthworms after exposure to sub-lethal concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) in soil. earthworms were exposed to a range of pfos concentrations (five, 10, 25, 50, 100 or 150 mg/kg) for two, seven and fourteen days. earthworm tissues were extracted and analyzed by 1h nmr. multivariate statistical analysis of the metabolic response of e. fetida to pfos exposure identified time-dependent responses that were c ... | 2013 | 24958147 |
| antioxidant responses of annelids, brassicaceae and fabaceae to pollutants: a review. | pollutants, such as metal trace elements (mtes) and organic compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides), can impact dna structure of living organisms and thus generate damage. for instance, cadmium is a well-known genotoxic and mechanisms explaining its clastogenicity are mainly indirect: inhibition of dna repair mechanisms and/or induction of reactive oxygen species (ros). animal or vegetal cells use antioxidant defense systems to protect themselves against ros produced during oxid ... | 2015 | 24951273 |
| effects of field metal-contaminated soils submitted to phytostabilisation and fly ash-aided phytostabilisation on the avoidance behaviour of the earthworm eisenia fetida. | the earthworm eisenia fetida avoidance behaviour test was used to assess the quality recovery of metal-contaminated soils from lands submitted for 10 years to remediation. soils were from plots located in the surroundings of a former lead smelter plant of northern france. metal concentrations in the soils ranged from 93 to 1231, 56 to 1424, 0.3 to 20 and 15 to 45.5mg metal/kg dry soil for pb, zn, cd and cu, respectively. several former agricultural plots were treated either by a single phytostab ... | 2014 | 24949898 |
| [effects of lead on the growth and reproduction of eisenia fetida with aged soils]. | in this study, effects of pb (no3)2 on the growth and reproduction of eisenia fetida were investigated with artificial soils. the results showed that: compared with the control group, the growth of e. fetida in contaminated soil was inhibited significantly with increasing pb (no3)2 concentrations. but there were great differences in the extent of inhibition after 0, 7, 28 and 84 days of aging in the artificial soils. the most obvious effect occurred in 1000 mg x kg(-1) and 1500 mg x kg(-1) exper ... | 2014 | 24946607 |
| ecotoxicological effects on the earthworm eisenia fetida following exposure to soil contaminated with imidacloprid. | imidacloprid, a neonicotinoid insecticide, has been used widely in agriculture worldwide. the adverse effects of imidacloprid on exposed biota have brought it increasing attention. however, knowledge about the effects of imidacloprid on antioxidant defense systems and digestive systems in the earthworm is vague and not comprehensive. in the present study, the changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), peroxidase (pod), cellulase, reactive oxygen species (ros), and mal ... | 2014 | 24938817 |
| vermicomposting of tea factory coal ash: metal accumulation and metallothionein response in eisenia fetida (savigny) and lampito mauritii (kinberg). | earthworms can accumulate heavy metals in their intestines to a great extent. impact of feed materials and duration of metal exposure on natural activity of earthworms are rather unclear; this investigation therefore addresses the impact of metal rich tea factory coal ash (tfca) on reproduction, composting and metal accumulation ability of eisenia fetida and lampito mauritii. earthworm count and cocoon production increased significantly during vermicomposting. ph of the vermicomposted mixtures s ... | 2014 | 24907568 |
| exposure assessment to glyphosate of two species of annelids. | adult mortality, biomass, fecundity and viability of cocoons were studied in eisenia fetida and octolasion tyrtaeum, in response to glyphosate exposure in soil. exposure tests were carried out following usepa procedure, with five concentrations of glyphosate in soil and a control. o. tyrtaeum was more sensitive to the highest concentration of glyphosate (50,000 mg kg(-1)), with 100 % mortality by day 7 of exposure, compared with 71 % for e. fetida. although biomass of o. tyrtaeum was significant ... | 2014 | 24902650 |
| efficacy of bioconversion of paper mill bamboo sludge and lime waste by composting and vermiconversion technologies. | paper mill bamboo sludge (pmbs) and paper mill lime waste (pmlw) are extensively produced as solid wastes in paper mills. untreated pmbs and pmlw contain substantial amount of heavy metals (zn, pb, ni, cd, cr) in soluble forms. efficiency of vermiconversion and aerobic composting with these wastes is reported here. adopted bioconversion systems enhanced the availability of some essential nutrients (n, p, k and zn) in various combinations of cow dung (cd) with pmbs and pmlw. colonization of nitro ... | 2014 | 24873710 |
| genotoxicity in earthworm after combined treatment of ionising radiation and mercury. | this study was performed to investigate the acute genotoxic effects of mercury and radiation on earthworms (eisenia fetida). the levels of dna damage and the repair kinetics in the coelomocytes of e. fetida treated with mercuric chloride (hgcl₂) and ionising radiation (gamma rays) were analysed by means of the comet assay. for detection of dna damage and repair, e. fetida was exposed to hgcl₂ (0-160 mg kg(-1)) and irradiated with gamma rays (0-50 gy) in vivo. the increase in dna damage depended ... | 2014 | 24870361 |
| toxicity assessment through multiple endpoint bioassays in soils posing environmental risk according to regulatory screening values. | toxicity profiles of two soils (a brownfield in legazpi and an abandoned iron mine in zugaztieta; basque country) contaminated with several metals (as, zn, pb and cu in legazpi; zn, pb, cd and cu in zugaztieta) and petroleum hydrocarbons (in legazpi) were determined using a multi-endpoint bioassay approach. investigated soils exceeded screening values (svs) of regulatory policies in force (basque country; europe). acute and chronic toxicity bioassays were conducted with a selected set of test sp ... | 2014 | 24819436 |
| napl migration and ecotoxicity of conventional and renewable fuels in accidental spill scenarios. | fuels derived from non-petroleum renewable resources have raised interest due to their potential in replacing petroleum-based fuels, but information on their fate and effects in the terrestrial and aquatic environments in accidental spill scenario is limited. in this study, migration of four fuels (conventional diesel, conventional gasoline, renewable diesel nexbtl, and ethanol-blended gasoline re85 containing maximum 85% ethanol) as non-aqueous phase liquids (napl) in soil was demonstrated in a ... | 2014 | 24764004 |
| short-term effects of dechlorane plus on the earthworm eisenia fetida determined by a systems biology approach. | dechlorane plus (dp), a chlorinated flame retardant, has been widely detected in environmental matrices, especially in sediment and soil. dp has characteristics similar to persistent organic pollutants. however, no toxicity data of dp on terrestrial invertebrate are available. in this study, earthworms eisenia fetida were exposed to 0.1, 1, 10, and 50mg/kg dp for 14 days. lethality, oxidative stress and damage, neurotoxicity, and transcriptomic profiles of e. fetida were assessed on day 7 and da ... | 2014 | 24751489 |
| characterization and transcription studies of a phytochelatin synthase gene from the solitary tunicate ciona intestinalis exposed to cadmium. | the major thiol-containing molecules involved in controlling the level of intracellular ros in eukaryotes, acting as a nonenzymatic detoxification system, are metallothioneins (mts), glutathione (gsh) and phytochelatins (pcs). both mts and gsh are well-known in the animal kingdom. pc was considered a prerogative of the plant kingdom but, in 2001, a phytochelatin synthase (pcs) gene was described in the nematode caenorhabditis elegans; additional genes encoding this enzyme were later described in ... | 2014 | 24727215 |
| genotoxic assessment and optimization of pressmud with the help of exotic earthworm eisenia fetida. | genotoxicity of pressmud (pm) to allium cepa was investigated to assess its toxic potential and to elucidate the effect of vermicomposting to reduce its toxicity. the pm produced as a waste by product of the sugar cane industry was mixed with cow dung (cd) at different ratios of 0:100 (v₀), 25:75 (v₂₅), 50:50 (v₅₀), 75:25 (v₇₅) and 100:0 (v100) (pm:cd) on a dry weight basis for vermicomposting with eisenia fetida. different concentrations of 100% pm sludge extract (10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 10 ... | 2014 | 24671397 |
| identification of oscillatory firing neurons associated with locomotion in the earthworm through synapse imaging. | we used fm imaging to identify neurons that receive sensory feedback from the body wall in a circuit for octopamine (oa)-evoked rhythmic locomotion in the earthworm, eisenia fetida. we visualized synapses in which postsynaptic neurons receive the sensory feedback, by using fm1-43 dye to label the synapses of both motor and sensory pathways that are associated with locomotion, then clearing the motor pathway synapse labeling, and finally identifying the target synapses by distinguishing physiolog ... | 2014 | 24657777 |
| evaluation of vermicompost maturity using scanning electron microscopy and paper chromatography analysis. | vermicompost was produced from flower waste inoculated with biofertilizers using the earthworm eisenia fetida. principal component analysis (pca) and cluster analysis (ca) were carried out on the basis of physicochemical parameters of vermicomposted samples. from the results of the pca and ca, it was possible to classify two different groups of vermicompost samples in the following categories: e2 and e5; and e1, e3, e4, and control. scanning electron microscopy and biodynamic circular paper chro ... | 2014 | 24634991 |
| first evidence of the p-glycoprotein gene expression and multixenobiotic resistance modulation in earthworm. | multixenobiotic resistance (mxr) is an important mechanism of cellular efflux mediated by atp binding cassette (abc) transporters that bind and actively remove toxic substrates from the cell. this study was the first to identify abc transporter p-glycoprotein (p-gp/abcb1) as a representative of the mxr phenotype in earthworm (eisenia fetida). the identified partial cdna sequence of abcb1 overlapped with abcb1 homologues of other organisms from 58.5 % to 72.5 %. we also studied the effect of five ... | 2014 | 24622780 |
| combined effects of oxytetracycline and pb on earthworm eisenia fetida. | combined effects of oxytetracycline (otc) and pb on lysosomal membrane stability and coelomocyte apoptosis of earthworm were studied in the paper. compared with control, the lysosomal membrane stability decreased and coelomocyte apoptosis increased in the treatments of single otc and pb contamination. as for compound pollution, combined effect of (5 mg/kg otc+50 mg/kg pb) treatment on earthworm lysosomal was synergistic (except 28 d). however, it was antagonistic at higher concentration of (10 m ... | 2014 | 24607684 |
| community-specific impacts of exotic earthworm invasions on soil carbon dynamics in a sandy temperate forest. | exotic earthworm introductions can alter above- and belowground properties of temperate forests, but the net impacts on forest soil carbon (c) dynamics are poorly understood. we used a mesocosm experiment to examine the impacts of earthworm species belonging to three different ecological groups (lumbricus terrestris [anecic], aporrectodea trapezoides [endogeic], and eisenia fetida [epigeic]) on c distributions and storage in reconstructed soil profiles from a sandy temperate forest soil by measu ... | 2013 | 24597228 |
| soil acidification increases metal extractability and bioavailability in old orchard soils of northeast jiaodong peninsula in china. | the bioavailability of cu, zn, pb and cd from field-aged orchard soils in a certified fruit plantation area of the northeast jiaodong peninsula in china was assessed using bioassays with earthworms (eisenia fetida) and chemical assays. soil acidity increased with increasing fruit cultivation periods with a lowest ph of 4.34. metals were enriched in topsoils after decades of horticultural cultivation, with highest concentrations of cu (132 kg(-1)) and zn (168 mg kg(-1)) in old apple orchards and ... | 2014 | 24583712 |
| acute toxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes, sodium pentachlorophenate, and their complex on earthworm eisenia fetida. | laboratory experiments were undertaken to relate biomarker responses to the toxicities of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) and sodium pentachlorophenate (pcp-na), both individually and combined. the acute toxicities of mwcnts and pcp-na on earthworm eisenia fetida were studied through different exposure methods (filter paper contact test, immersion contact test, and artificial soil contact test). enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (mda) content in the earthworm e. fetida exposed to mwcnts ... | 2014 | 24562180 |
| effects of cadmium and lead on the life-cycle parameters of juvenile earthworm eisenia fetida. | juveniles eisenia fetida were exposed to cadmium (1-500µgcdg(-1)) and lead (20-2500µgpbg(-1)) for fourteen weeks in order to evaluate the impact on life-cycle parameters (survival, growth, sexual maturation, and cocoon production) and lipid peroxidation (expressed as concentration of malondialdehyde (mda)). both metals were found to significantly affect survival of the juveniles (fourteen-week lc50 296±125µgcdg(-1) and 911±164µgpbg(-1)) and alter their development. cd and pb severely affected th ... | 2014 | 24561241 |
| environmental assessment of depleted uranium used in military armor-piercing rounds in terrestrial systems. | depleted uranium (du) from the military testing and use of armor-piercing kinetic energy penetrators has been shown to accumulate in soils; however, little is known about the toxicity of du geochemical species created through corrosion or weathering. the purpose of the present study was to assess the toxic effects and bioaccumulation potential of field-collected du oxides to the model terrestrial invertebrates eisenia fetida (earthworm) and porcellio scaber (isopod). earthworm studies were acute ... | 2014 | 24549573 |
| genotoxic and oxidative responses in coelomocytes of eisenia fetida and hediste diversicolor exposed to lipid-coated cdse/zns quantum dots and cdcl2. | the emerging of quantum dots utilization in industrial or medicinal fields involved a potentially increase of these nanoparticles in environment. in this work, the genotoxic (comet assay) and oxidative effects (sod activity, tbars) of functionalized-qds and cadmium chloride were investigated on hediste diversicolor and eisenia fetida coelomocytes. results demonstrated that functionalized-qds (qdns) and cadmium chloride induced dna damages through different mechanisms that depended on the nano- o ... | 2015 | 24500942 |
| uptake kinetics of five hydrophobic organic pollutants in the earthworm eisenia fetida in six different soils. | hydrophobic organic contaminants in soils may pose toxicity or transfer to food chains after their uptake to soil biota. however, uptake data for earthworms are usually limited, as: (a) only fixed exposure times are studied instead of whole uptake kinetics and (b) studies including compounds with different environmental properties and more than two soils of different properties are quite rare. in our study, five persistent organic pollutants (phenanthrene, pyrene, lindane, p,p'-dichlorodiphenylt ... | 2014 | 24447858 |
| solid phase microextraction of organic pollutants from natural and artificial soils and comparison with bioaccumulation in earthworms. | the presented study investigates the use of passive sampling, i.e. solid phase microextraction with polydimethylsiloxane fibers (pdms-spme), to assess the bioavailability of fiver neutral organic chemicals (phenanthrene, pyrene, lindane, p,p'-ddt, and pcb 153) spiked to natural and artificial soils after different aging times. contaminant bioavailability was assessed by comparing pdms concentrations with results from a 10 day bioaccumulation test with earthworms (eisenia fetida). the hypotheses ... | 2014 | 24433790 |
| effects of a natural toxin on life history and gene expression of eisenia andrei. | earthworms perform key functions for a healthy soil ecosystem, such as bioturbation. the soil ecosystem can be challenged by natural toxins such as isothiocyanates (itcs), produced by many commercial crops. therefore, the effects of 2-phenylethyl itc were investigated on the earthworm eisenia andrei using an ecotoxicogenomics approach. exposure to 2-phenylethyl itc reduced both survival and reproduction of e. andrei in a dose-dependent manner (median effective concentration [ec50] = 556 nmol/g). ... | 2014 | 24395740 |
| insight into the roles of earthworm in vermicomposting of sewage sludge by determining the water-extracts through chemical and spectroscopic methods. | this work illustrated the effects of earthworm in vermicomposting (eisenia fetida) by determining the water-extracts through chemical and spectroscopic methods. a field experiment with sludge as the only feed was subjected to vermicomposting and the control (without worms) for three weeks. compared to the control, vermicomposting resulted in lower ph and water-extractable organic carbon (weoc) along with higher electrical conductivity (ec). moreover, vermicomposting caused nearly two times highe ... | 2014 | 24384315 |
| comparative and combined acute toxicity of butachlor, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos on earthworm, eisenia fetida. | various pesticides have become widespread contaminants of soils due to their large applications in agriculture and homes. an earthworm assay was used to assess the acute toxicity of butachlor, imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos with different modes of action. ecotoxicities of these pesticides were compared for earthworm eisenia fetida separately and in combination in artificial soil and contact filter paper tests. imidacloprid was the most toxic for e. fetida with lc₅₀ (lethal concentration 50) value ... | 2014 | 24377448 |
| dna damage and effects on antioxidative enzymes in earthworm (eisenia fetida) induced by flumorph. | flumorph is an oomycete fungicide, which is used extensively as an effective fungicide in vegetables and fruits, but little is known about its effect on nontarget soil organisms. in the present study, biochemical responses including changes in the activity of antioxidative enzymes catalase (cat), superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione-s-transferase (gst), malondialdehyde (mda), and dna damage induced by flumorph were investigated in earthworms (eisenis fetida). the cat concentrations were stimu ... | 2014 | 24352618 |
| amendment application in a multi-contaminated mine soil: effects on soil enzymatic activities and ecotoxicological characteristics. | several amendments were tested on soils obtained from an arsenopyrite mine, further planted with arrhenatherum elatius and festuca curvifolia, in order to assess their ability to improve soil's ecotoxicological characteristics. the properties used to assess the effects were: soil enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, urease, protease and cellulase), terrestrial bioassays (eisenia fetida mortality and avoidance behaviour), and aquatic bioassays using a soil leachat ... | 2014 | 24337998 |
| ecotoxicological effects of a veterinary food additive, copper sulphate, on antioxidant enzymes and mrna expression in earthworms. | the present study was aimed to investigate the effect of the veterinary food additive copper sulphate (cuso₄) on the eco-toxicological responses of earthworms eisenia fetida (e. fetida). the following biomarkers were measured: catalase (cat), superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione peroxidase (gpx), and glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activities. gene expression analyses such as metallothionein (mt) and heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) were also examined. a time-dependent increase of cat activity w ... | 2014 | 24322621 |
| comparative toxicity of carbaryl, carbofuran, cypermethrin and fenvalerate in metaphire posthuma and eisenia fetida -a possible mechanism. | to establish the use of metaphire posthuma as a sensitive test model for ecotoxicological studies, acute toxicity testing of carbaryl, carbofuran, cypermethrin and fenvalerate on eisenia fetida and metaphire posthuma were carried out. two different types of bioassays, contact filter paper toxicity and soil toxicity bioassays were used to determine lc50 values for these insecticides. among the tested chemicals, carbofuran was the most toxic to both the earthworm species. in paper contact method, ... | 2014 | 24321850 |
| cloning and expression of the cold-adapted endo-1,4-β-glucanase gene from eisenia fetida. | biofuel production from plant-derived lignocellulosic material using fungal cellulases is facing cost-effective challenges related to high temperature requirements. the present study identified a cold-adapted cellulase named endo-1,4-β-glucanase (ef-eg2) from the earthworm eisenia fetida. the gene was cloned in the cold-shock expression vector (pcold i) and functionally expressed in escherichia coli arcticexpress rt (de3). the gene consists of 1,368 bp encoding 456 amino acid residues. the amino ... | 2014 | 24299806 |
| zonation in the digestive tract of eisenia fetida: implications in biomarker measurements for toxicity assessment. | eisenia fetida is a model species for soil health assessment and different biomarkers that detect either the presence of bioavailable contaminants or their biological effect have been developed. these parameters are performed in a target tissue or whole earthworm, without considering the marked zonation in histological organisation, enzyme activities and gene expression pattern existing along the body. thus, the present work was aimed at (a) characterising the morphofunctional heterogeneity alon ... | 2014 | 24291736 |
| phosphate solubilizing ability of emericella nidulans strain v1 isolated from vermicompost. | phosphorus is one of the key factors that regulate soil fertility. its deficiencies in soil are largely replenished by chemical fertilizers. the present study was aimed to isolate efficient phosphate solubilizing fungal strains from eisenia fetida vermicompost. out of total 30 fungal strains the most efficient phosphate solubilizing one was emericella (aspergillus) nidulans v1 (mtcc 11044), identified by custom sequencing of beta-tubulin gene and blast analysis. this strain solubilized 13 to 36% ... | 2013 | 24266109 |
| species differences take shape at nanoparticles: protein corona made of the native repertoire assists cellular interaction. | cells recognize the biomolecular corona around a nanoparticle, but the biological identity of the complex may be considerably different among various species. this study explores the importance of protein corona composition for nanoparticle recognition by coelomocytes of the earthworm eisenia fetida using e. fetida coelomic proteins (efcp) as a native repertoire and fetal bovine serum (fbs) as a non-native reference. we have profiled proteins forming the long-lived corona around silver nanoparti ... | 2013 | 24245550 |
| lead accumulations and toxic effects in earthworms (eisenia fetida) in the presence of decabromodiphenyl ether. | lead (pb) and decabromodiphenyl ether (bde209) are the main contaminants at e-waste recycling sites, and their potential toxicological effects on terrestrial organisms have received extensive attention. however, the impact on earthworms of exposure to the two chemicals remains almost unknown. therefore, indoor incubation tests were performed on control and contaminated soil samples to determine the pb accumulations and toxic effects by earthworms in the presence of bde209 for the first time. the ... | 2014 | 24243266 |
| microbial environment affects innate immunity in two closely related earthworm species eisenia andrei and eisenia fetida. | survival of earthworms in the environment depends on their ability to recognize and eliminate potential pathogens. this work is aimed to compare the innate defense mechanisms of two closely related earthworm species, eisenia andrei and eisenia fetida, that inhabit substantially different ecological niches. while e. andrei lives in a compost and manure, e. fetida can be found in the litter layer in forests. therefore, the influence of environment-specific microbiota on the immune response of both ... | 2013 | 24223917 |
| species composition of a soil invertebrate multi-species test system determines the level of ecotoxicity. | a soil multi-species, sms, experimental test system consisting of the natural microbial community, five collembolan species and a predatory mite along with either enchytraeus crypticus or the earthworm eisenia fetida were exposed to α-cypermethrin. a comparison of the performance of these two types of smss is given to aid the development of a standard test system. e. fetida had a positive effect on the majority of the species, reducing the negative insecticide effect. e. fetida affected the spec ... | 2014 | 24201037 |
| extrapolation of the laboratory-based oecd earthworm toxicity test to metal-contaminated field sites. | : the effects of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc on survival, growth, cocoon production and cocoon viability of the earthworm eisenia fetida (savigny) were determined in three experiments. in experiment 1, worms were exposed to single metals in standard artificial soil. for experiment 2, worms were maintained in contaminated soils collected from sites at different distances from a smelting works situated at avonmouth, south-west england. in experiment 3, worms were exposed to mixtures of metals i ... | 1995 | 24197704 |
| can commonly measurable traits explain differences in metal accumulation and toxicity in earthworm species? | there is no clear consensus in the literature on the metal accumulation pattern and sensitivity of different earthworm species. in the present study, accumulation and toxicity of cu, cd, ni, and zn in the earthworms lumbricus rubellus (epigeic), aporrectodea longa (anecic), and eisenia fetida (ultra-epigeic) were determined after 28 days exposure in two soils. metal accumulation and sensitivity were interpreted using the specific traits of different earthworm species. results showed that for all ... | 2014 | 24193403 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) accumulation by earthworms (eisenia fetida) exposed to biosolids-, polyurethane foam microparticle-, and penta-bde-amended soils. | polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) flame retardants have been used in consumer polymers at up to percent levels. while long viewed as biologically inaccessible therein, pbdes may become bioaccessible following volatilization or polymer deterioration. pbdes may then enter soils via polymer fragmentation or following land application of sewage sludge-derived biosolids. studies of direct pbde uptake from these materials by soil organisms are scarce. we thus exposed earthworms ( eisenia fetida ) t ... | 2013 | 24160918 |
| mutual impacts of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and earthworms (eisenia fetida) on the bioavailability of perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass) in soil. | wheat and earthworms were exposed individually and together to soils contaminated with 11 perfluoroalkyl substances (pfass). wheat accumulated pfass from soil with root concentration factors and bioconcentration factors that decreased as the number of perfluorinated carbons in the molecule increased. earthworms accumulated pfass from soil with biota-to-soil accumulation factors that increased with the number of carbons. translocation factors (tf) of perfluorinated carboxylates (pfcas) in wheat p ... | 2014 | 24158108 |
| crystal structure of endo-1,4-β-glucanase from eisenia fetida. | the saccharification process is essential for bioethanol production from woody biomass including celluloses. cold-adapted cellulase, which has sufficient activity at low temperature (<293 k), is capable of reducing heating costs during the saccharification process and is suitable for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. endo-1,4-β-glucanase from the earthworm eisenia fetida (ef-eg2) belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 9 has been shown to have the highest activity at 313 k, and als ... | 2013 | 24121333 |
| coelomocyte-derived fluorescence and dna markers of composting earthworm species. | supravital species identification of morphologically similar syntopic earthworms inhabiting dung and compost heaps or those from commercial cultures is difficult. the aim of the studies was to find out non-invasive species-specific markers for proper segregation of earthworm species from a dense mixed colony of waste decomposers. worms were segregated according to external characteristics into eisenia andrei, eisenia fetida, and dendrobaena veneta, and left for reproduction and analysis of non-i ... | 2014 | 24115405 |
| toxicological effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes adsorbed with nonylphenol on earthworm eisenia fetida. | the high surface area of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) tends to adsorb a large variety of toxic chemicals, which may enhance the toxicity of both mwcnts and chemicals to organisms. in order to evaluate the combined toxicity of nonylphenol (np) and mwcnts to the earthworm eisenia fetida in soil, artificial soil systems containing distilled water, 0.1 g kg(-1) mwcnts, 1 g kg(-1) mwcnts, 1 g kg(-1) mwcnts absorbed 5 mg kg(-1) np, and 10 mg kg(-1) np alone were prepared and exposed to earth ... | 2013 | 24104387 |
| time-course profiling of molecular stress responses to silver nanoparticles in the earthworm eisenia fetida. | the molecular mechanism of silver nanoparticle (agnp) toxicity, particularly its temporal aspect, is currently limited in the literature. this study seeks to identify and profile changes in molecular response patterns over time during soil exposure of the earthworm eisenia fetida to agnps (82±27 nm) with reference to dissolved silver salt (agno₃). principal component analysis of selected gene and enzyme response profiles revealed dissimilar patterns between agno₃ and agnp treatments and also ove ... | 2013 | 24041528 |
| amelioration of acidic soil increases the toxicity of the weak base carbendazim to the earthworm eisenia fetida. | ameliorating acidic soils is a common practice and may affect the bioavailability of an ionizable organic pollutant to organisms. the toxicity of the weak base carbendazim to the earthworm (eisenia fetida) was studied in an acidic soil (ph-h₂o, 4.6) and in the ameliorated soil (ph-h₂o, 7.5). the results indicated that the median lethal concentration of carbendazim for e. fetida decreased from 21.8 mg/kg in acidic soil to 7.35 mg/kg in the ameliorated soil. to understand why the amelioration incr ... | 2013 | 24038552 |
| bioaccumulation and the soil factors affecting the uptake of arsenic in earthworm, eisenia fetida. | to better understand arsenic (as) bioaccumulation, a soil invertebrate species was exposed to 17 field soils contaminated with arsenic due to mining activity. earthworms (eisenia fetida) were kept in the soils for 70 days under laboratory conditions, as body burden increased and failed to reach equilibrium in all soils. after 70 days of exposure, xanes spectra determined that as was biotransformed to a highly reduced form. uptake kinetics for as was calculated using one compartment model. stepwi ... | 2013 | 24026203 |
| ecological risks of polycyclic musk in soils irrigated with reclaimed municipal wastewater. | hhcb (1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-c-2-benzopyrane) and ahtn (7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) are found in reclaimed municipal wastewater. they may accumulate in soils receiving long-term application of reclaimed water thus adversely impact the soil biota. we evaluated the extent of their accumulation in receiving soils using hydrus-1d based on reclaimed municipal wastewater irrigation data at a public park in beijing. the potential for ecol ... | 2013 | 23978598 |
| bioconversion of garden waste, kitchen waste and cow dung into value-added products using earthworm eisenia fetida. | solid waste management is a worldwide problem and it is becoming more and more complicated day by day due to rise in population, industrialization and changes in our life style. transformation of industrial sludges into vermicompost is of double interest: on the one hand, a waste is converted into value added product, and, on the other, it controls a pollutant that is a consequence of increasing industrialization. garden waste, kitchen waste and cow dung were subjected to recycle through vermico ... | 2013 | 23961230 |
| proteomic and metabolomic analysis of earthworm eisenia fetida exposed to different concentrations of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether. | as a class of brominated flame-retardants (bfrs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) are widely used in industrial products. pbdes have been detected in local terrestrial biota from the laizhou bay in china. they can induce various toxicities, such as hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and endocrine disrupting effects in animals. in this work, we characterized the dose-responsive effects of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (bde 47) in earthworm eisenia fetida using a ... | 2013 | 23954424 |
| dynamics of microbial communities related to biochemical parameters during vermicomposting and maturation of agroindustrial lignocellulose wastes. | scarce information is available on the changes in abundance of microbial taxa during vermicomposting. quantitative pcr and dgge analysis were used to monitor variations in the microbial structure, relative abundance of four bacterial classes and fungi over the vermicomposting and maturation period of wet olive cake (o) and vine shoots (w). multivariate correlation analysis between microbial structure and abundance, earthworm biomass and enzyme activities revealed similar and divergent interactio ... | 2013 | 23948272 |
| in situ application of activated carbon and biochar to pcb-contaminated soil and the effects of mixing regime. | the in situ use of carbon amendments such as activated carbon (ac) and biochar to minimize the bioavailability of organic contaminants is gaining in popularity. in the first in situ experiment conducted at a canadian pcb-contaminated brownfield site, gac and two types of biochar were statistically equal at reducing pcb uptake into plants. pcb concentrations in cucurbita pepo root tissue were reduced by 74%, 72% and 64%, with the addition of 2.8% gac, burt's biochar and blueleaf biochar, respecti ... | 2013 | 23933124 |
| [polycyclic musks exposure affects gene expression of specific proteins in earthworm eisenia fetida]. | to investigate the changes in gene expression of earthworm specific proteins following long-term exposure to low-dose polycyclic musks in soil, the mrna expression levels of the four representative protein-coding genes (hsp70, crt, cypa, tctp) were examined in earthworm eisenia fetida exposed to polycyclic musks using real-time quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr). the purpose of this study was to investigate mrna expression profiles of test protein genes in response to sublethal galaxolide (hhcb) and ton ... | 2013 | 23914539 |
| mixing of an anthracene-contaminated soil: a simple but efficient remediation technique? | contamination of soils with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) is a serious problem in petroleum producing countries, such as méxico, and environment-friendly easy to apply techniques are required to accelerate the removal of the contaminants. removal of anthracene was monitored in an arable and a pasture soil regularly mixed or amended with organic material, a non-ionic surfactant (surfynol(®) 485) or earthworms (eisenia fetida (savigny, 1826)). in both soils the same results were obtained ... | 2013 | 23896178 |