Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| infusions of portuguese medicinal plants: dependence of final antioxidant capacity and phenol content on extraction features. | aqueous extracts of most medicinal plants traditionally employed in portugal (at the ratio of 1 g plant: 110 ml water) have been assayed for total antioxidant capacity and phenol content, in order to elucidate their claimed medicinal features. | 2007 | 20836172 |
| antimicrobial activity of crude epicarp and seed extracts from mature avocado fruit (persea americana) of three cultivars. | the epicarp and seed of persea americana mill. var. hass (lauraceae), persea americana mill. var. shepard, and persea americana mill. var fuerte cultivars of mature avocados (n = 3) were ground separately and extracted with both absolute ethanol and distilled water. extracts were analyzed for antimicrobial activity using the microtiter broth microdilution assay against four gram-positive bacteria, six gram-negative bacteria, and one yeast. antimicrobial activity against two molds was determined ... | 2010 | 20645772 |
| evidence for the transmission of information through electric potentials in injured avocado trees. | electrical excitability and signaling, frequently associated with rapid responses to environmental stimuli, have been documented in both animals and higher plants. the presence of electrical potentials (eps), such as action potentials (aps) and variation potentials (vps), in plant cells suggests that plants make use of ion channels to transmit information over long distances. the reason why plants have developed pathways for electrical signal transmission is most probably the necessity to respon ... | 2011 | 20630616 |
| field evaluation of systemic imidacloprid for the management of avocado thrips and avocado lace bug in california avocado groves. | the efficacy of systemic applications of imidacloprid for the management of avocado thrips and avocado lace bug was determined in field trials. following insecticide treatment by chemigation, leaves of appropriate age for each insect were sampled over a 6 month period and used for bioassays. imidacloprid residues were measured by elisa in leaves used for bioassays to determine concentrations of insecticide that were toxic to both pests. | 2010 | 20623704 |
| acute and sub-acute toxicological assessment of the aqueous seed extract of persea americana mill (lauraceae) in rats. | the aqueous seed extract of persea americana mill (lauraceae) is used by herbalists in nigeria for the management of hypertension. as part of our on-going scientific evaluation of the extract, we designed the present study to assess its acute and sub-acute toxicity profiles in rats. experiments were conducted to determine the oral median lethal dose (ld(50)) and other gross toxicological manifestations on acute basis. in the sub-acute experiments, the animals were administered 2.5 g/kg (p.o) per ... | 2009 | 20606779 |
| expression of delta(12) fatty acid desaturase during the induced accumulation of the antifungal diene in avocado fruits. | summary the preformed (z,z)-1-acetoxy-2-hydroxy-4-oxo-heneicosa-12,15-diene (afd) is the most active antifungal compound in avocado; it affects the quiescence of colletotrichum gloeosporioides in unripe fruit. one of the genes encoding delta(12) fatty acid desaturase (avfad12) was hypothesized to take part in the biosynthesis of afd, and its expression pattern and enzymatic activity were determined in relation to the content of afd. using avfad12-3 as a probe, high levels of expression were dete ... | 2004 | 20565631 |
| a proposed conserved role for an avocado fw2.2-like gene as a negative regulator of fruit cell division. | previous studies using 'hass' avocado and its small fruit (sf) phenotype as a model showed that sf is limited by cell number, not by cell size. in an attempt to explore the molecular mechanisms regulating avocado fruit cell division, we isolated four distinct avocado cell proliferation-related genes and investigated their expression characteristics, comparing normal fruit (nf) and sf developmental patterns. three cdnas termed pacyca1, pacycb1 and papcna, encoding two mitotic cyclins and a prolif ... | 2010 | 20544218 |
| insights into carotenoid dynamics in non-foliar photosynthetic tissues of avocado. | leaves are the main photosynthetically active tissues in most plants. however, stems and fruits are also important for the overall carbon balance of the plant because of their contribution to fixation of the co(2) released by respiration. photosynthesis could not be possible without a complete set of photoprotection mechanisms, which include the ubiquitous violaxanthin (v) cycle and the taxonomically restricted lutein epoxide (lx) cycle. in this work, we characterise carotenoid stoichiometry in ... | 2010 | 20487377 |
| selection and breeding of honey bees for higher or lower collection of avocado nectar. | intensive activity of honey bees, apis mellifera l., is essential for high fruit set in avocado, persea americana mill., orchards, but even when hives are located inside the orchard, many bees still search for alternative blooms. we tested for a possible genetic component for a preference of avocado bloom relative to competing bloom. the honey from each hive was extracted at the end of the avocado bloom and the concentration of perseitol, a carbohydrate that is unique to avocado, was analyzed as ... | 2010 | 20429432 |
| a new look at sporoderm ontogeny in persea americana and the hidden side of development. | the phenomenon of self-assembly, widespread in both the living and the non-living world, is a key mechanism in sporoderm pattern formation. observations in developmental palynology appear in a new light if they are regarded as aspects of a sequence of micellar colloidal mesophases at genomically controlled initial parameters. the exine of persea is reduced to ornamentation (spines and gemmae with underlying skin-like ectexine); there is no endexine. development of persea exine was analysed based ... | 2010 | 20400758 |
| evaluation of tropical plants containing tannin on in vitro methanogenesis and fermentation parameters using rumen fluid. | methane (ch(4)) produced during ruminal fermentation represents a loss of 10-11% of gross energy intake. the use of browse species containing tannin as feed supplement for ruminants tends to increase in order to reduce ch(4) production. the present study was conducted to evaluate some tropical plants containing tannin as feed supplement (200 g kg(-1)) on in vitro ch(4) production and fermentation parameters. | 2010 | 20355068 |
| ecology and behavior of pezothrips kellyanus (thysanoptera: thripidae) on citrus. | the most common thrips species found in cyprus citrus orchards between 2003 and 2008 were pezothrips kellyanus (bagnall) (thysanoptera: thripidae), frankliniella occidentalis (pergande) (thysanoptera: thripidae), and thrips tabaci (lindeman) (thysanoptera: thripidae). only pezothrips kellyanus, kelly's citrus thrips (kct) causes feeding damage on citrus fruits in cyprus. kct adults prefer to concentrate mostly in the northern and eastern sides of both lemon and grapefruit canopies. the attractiv ... | 2010 | 20214367 |
| some analytical assays for the determination of bioactivity of exotic fruits. | the consumption of new exotic fruits, with their high nutritional and sensory value, has significantly increased in the past few years. among the tropical fruits durian (durio zibethinus murr.) is less known than mango (mangifera indica l.) and avocado (persea americana). it has been shown that durian, mango and avocado possessed high nutritional and bioactive properties, but these data were determined using different methods. in order to obtain reliable results we investigated samples of durian ... | 2012 | 20183860 |
| ph regulation of ammonia secretion by colletotrichum gloeosporioides and its effect on appressorium formation and pathogenicity. | host-tissue alkalinization via ammonia accumulation is key to colletotrichum spp. colonization. using macroarrays carrying c. gloeosporioides cdnas, we monitored gene expression during the alkalinization process. a set of genes involved in synthesis and catabolism of ammonia accumulation were identified. expression of nad(+)-specific glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh2, encoding ammonia synthesis) and the ammonia exporter amet were induced at ph 4.0 to 4.5. conversely, ammonia uptake and transcript ac ... | 2010 | 20121452 |
| rapid molecular identification of armored scale insects (hemiptera: diaspididae) on mexican 'hass' avocado. | 'hass' avocado, persea americana mill., fruit imported into california from mexico are infested with high levels of armored scale insects (hemiptera: diaspididae), constituting several species. the paucity and delicate nature of morphological characters traditionally used to diagnose armored scales often require careful preparation of slide-mounted specimens and expert knowledge of the group, for their accurate identification. here, we present a simple, quick, and accurate means to identify armo ... | 2009 | 19886461 |
| california hass avocado: profiling of carotenoids, tocopherol, fatty acid, and fat content during maturation and from different growing areas. | the california hass avocado ( persea americana ) is an example of a domesticated berry fruit that matures on the tree during its growing season but ripens only after being harvested. avocados are typically harvested multiple times during the growing season in california. previous research has demonstrated potential health benefits of avocados and extracts of avocado against inflammation and cancer cell growth, but seasonal variations in the phytochemical profile of the fruits being studied may a ... | 2009 | 19813713 |
| medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners in the treatment of tuberculosis and related ailments in uganda. | tuberculosis (tb) remains one of the most difficult ailments to control in the world today. the emergence of drug resistant strains has made previously effective and affordable remedies less effective. this has made the search for new medicines from local traditional medicines urgent. the specific objectives of this study were to (1) identify plant species used in the treatment of tb, their methods of preparation and administration, (2) document tb recognition, and (3) document medicine processi ... | 2010 | 19799983 |
| synthesis and field evaluation of the sex pheromone of stenoma catenifer (lepidoptera: elachistidae). | field trials of the sex pheromone of an important and potentially invasive pest of avocados, persea americana miller (lauraceae), stenoma catenifer walsingham (lepidoptera: elachistidae), were carried out in commercial avocado orchards in guatemala. the results indicated that the pheromone consists of a single component, (9z)-9,13-tetradecadien-1-ynal; blends of this compound with a range of ratios of the corresponding alcohol and acetate, or with (6z,9z)-tricosadiene, which was present in phero ... | 2009 | 19736757 |
| host status of avocado ('hass') to ceratitis capitata, ceratitis rosa, and ceratitis cosyra (diptera: tephritidae) in south africa. | ceratitis capitata (wiedemann), ceratitis rosa karsch, and ceratitis cosyra (walker) (diptera: tephritidae) are pests potentially associated with avocado (persea americana mill.) in south africa. the aim of the study was to determine the host status of 'hass' avocado to these tephritid pests over 4 yr. unpunctured harvested avocado was exposed to fruit flies in the laboratory under no-choice conditions for 24 h. in field studies, each species was exposed for 48 h under no-choice conditions to av ... | 2009 | 19736756 |
| electrical signaling, stomatal conductance, aba and ethylene content in avocado trees in response to root hypoxia. | avocado (persea americana mill.) trees are among the most sensitive of fruit tree species to root hypoxia as a result of flooded or poorly drained soil. similar to drought stress, an early physiological response to root hypoxia in avocado is a reduction of stomatal conductance. it has been previously determined in avocado trees that an extracellular electrical signal between the base of stem and leaves is produced and related to reductions in stomatal conductance in response to drought stress. t ... | 2009 | 19649181 |
| comparison of next generation sequencing technologies for transcriptome characterization. | we have developed a simulation approach to help determine the optimal mixture of sequencing methods for most complete and cost effective transcriptome sequencing. we compared simulation results for traditional capillary sequencing with "next generation" (ng) ultra high-throughput technologies. the simulation model was parameterized using mappings of 130,000 cdna sequence reads to the arabidopsis genome (ncbi accession sra008180.19). we also generated 454-gs20 sequences and de novo assemblies for ... | 2009 | 19646272 |
| high levels of exotic armored scales on imported avocados raise concerns regarding usda-aphis' phytosanitary risk assessment. | between 1914 and 2007, a quarantine protected california avocado, persea americana mill., groves from pests that might be introduced into the state along with fresh, imported avocados. soon after mexican avocados were first allowed entry on 1 february 2007, live specimens of several species of armored scales (hemiptera: diaspididae) not believed to be present in california were detected on 'hass' avocados entering the state from mexico. initially, the california department of food and agricultur ... | 2009 | 19610397 |
| induction of ethylene in avocado fruit in response to chilling stress on tree. | chilling of avocado fruit (persea americana cv. arad) in the orchard caused a dramatic induction of fruit ripening and a parallel increase in ethylene biosynthesis and receptor genes' expression during shelf life. in-orchard chilling stress stimulated ethylene and co(2) production already in fruit attached to the tree, and these reduced thereafter during 20 degrees c storage. in non-chilled control fruit, ethylene and co(2) production started after 3d at 20 degrees c and exhibited a climacteric ... | 2009 | 19592132 |
| spatial and temporal analysis of textural and biochemical changes of imported avocado cv. hass during fruit ripening. | the ripeness degree of climacteric fruits, such as avocado ( persea americana mill.), can be correlated with rheological properties. however, there remains little information on not only the postharvest changes in texture of avocado fruit from different origins but also the spatial variation within fruit. in addition, the relationship between changes in texture and composition of fatty acids and major nonstructural carbohydrates (nscs) of fruit tissue during ripening is unknown. the texture of d ... | 2009 | 19580285 |
| effect of aqueous extracts of alligator pear seed (persea americana mill) on blood glucose and histopathology of pancreas in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. | effects of aqueous extract of alligator pear seed on normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats were investigated in 6 groups of rats (5 rats per group). test groups were made diabetic with intra-peritoneal injection of alloxan and treated with 300 mg and 600 mg/kg body weight of alligator pear seed extract. two non-diabetic groups were also administered with 300 mg and 600 mg/kg body weight extract. the levels of blood glucose were examined in all 6 experimental groups. in diabetic rats, blood gl ... | 2009 | 19553173 |
| a novel approach to the rapid assignment of (13)c nmr spectra of major components of vegetable oils such as avocado, mango kernel and macadamia nut oils. | assignment of (13)c nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectra of major fatty acid components of south african produced vegetable oils was attempted using a method in which the vegetable oil was spiked with a standard triacylglycerol. this proved to be inadequate and therefore a new rapid and potentially generic graphical linear correlation method is proposed for assignment of the (13)c nmr spectra of major fatty acid components of apricot kernel, avocado pear, grapeseed, macadamia nut, mango kern ... | 2009 | 19544589 |
| transcriptional signatures of ancient floral developmental genetics in avocado (persea americana; lauraceae). | the debate on the origin and evolution of flowers has recently entered the field of developmental genetics, with focus on the design of the ancestral floral regulatory program. flowers can differ dramatically among angiosperm lineages, but in general, male and female reproductive organs surrounded by a sterile perianth of sepals and petals constitute the basic floral structure. however, the basal angiosperm lineages exhibit spectacular diversity in the number, arrangement, and structure of flora ... | 2009 | 19451627 |
| chemical composition, toxicity and larvicidal and antifungal activities of persea americana (avocado) seed extracts. | the present study had the aim of testing the hexane and methanol extracts of avocado seeds, in order to determine their toxicity towards artemia salina, evaluate their larvicidal activity towards aedes aegypti and investigate their in vitro antifungal potential against strains of candida spp, cryptococcus neoformans and malassezia pachydermatis through the microdilution technique. in toxicity tests on artemia salina, the hexane and methanol extracts from avocado seeds showed lc50 values of 2.37 ... | 2009 | 19448924 |
| the nutritional intake of undergraduates at the university of zimbabwe college of health sciences. | in developing countries the cost of treating disease is much more than prevention and so there is now a lot of interest in understanding nutrition. in this pilot study we selected a cohort of pre-clinical students studying at the college of health sciences in the university of zimbabwe. this study was carried to investigate the gender-based weekly consumption of different food categories amongst university of zimbabwe students. semi-structured questionnaires distributed to 100 undergraduate stud ... | 2009 | 19445103 |
| fatty acids, sterols, and antioxidant activity in minimally processed avocados during refrigerated storage. | avocado ( persea americana mill.) is a good source of bioactive compounds such as monounsaturated fatty acids and sterols. the impact of minimal processing on its health-promoting attributes was investigated. avocados cut into slices or halves were packaged in plastic bags under nitrogen, air, or vacuum and stored at 8 degrees c for 13 days. the stabilities of fatty acids and sterols as well as the effect on antioxidant activity were evaluated. the main fatty acid identified and quantified in av ... | 2009 | 19278228 |
| survey of crop losses in response to phytoparasitic nematodes in the united states for 1994. | previous reports of crop losses to plant-parasitic nematodes have relied on published results of survey data based on certain commodities, including tobacco, peanuts, cotton, and soybean. reports on crop-loss assessment by land-grant universities and many commodity groups generally are no longer available, with the exception of the university of georgia, the beltwide cotton conference, and selected groups concerned with soybean. the society of nematologists extension committee contacted extensio ... | 1999 | 19270925 |
| biochemical analysis of reactive oxygen species production and antioxidative responses in unripe avocado (persea americana mill var hass) fruits in response to wounding. | we analyzed the production of reactive oxygen species (ros) and of detoxifying enzymes and enzymes of the ascorbate (asc) acid cycle in avocado fruit (pesea americana mill cv hass) in response to wounding. the levels of superoxide anion (o(2-), hydroxyl radicals (oh.) and hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)) increased at 15 min and 2 and 15 h post-wounding. peroxidase (pod) activity had increased to high levels 24 h after wounding; in contrast, catalase and superoxide dismutase (sod) levels hat decrease ... | 2009 | 19234667 |
| the role of the embryo and ethylene in avocado fruit mesocarp discoloration. | chilling injury (ci) symptoms in avocado (persea americana mill.) fruit, expressed as mesocarp discoloration, were found to be associated with embryo growth and ethylene production during cold storage. in cvs ettinger and arad most mesocarp discoloration was located close to the base of the seed and was induced by ethylene treatment in seeded avocado fruit. however, ethylene did not increase mesocarp discoloration in seedless fruit stored at 5 degrees c. application of ethylene to whole fruit in ... | 2009 | 19196750 |
| anti-helicobacter pylori activity of plants used in mexican traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders. | helicobacter pylori is the major etiological agent of chronic active gastritis and peptic ulcer disease and is linked to gastric carcinoma. treatment to eradicate the bacteria failed in many cases, mainly due to antibiotic resistance, hence the necessity of developing better therapeutic regimens. mexico has an enormous unexplored potential of medicinal plants. this work evaluates the in vitro anti-h. pylori activity of 53 plants used in mexican traditional medicine for gastrointestinal disorders ... | 2009 | 19162157 |
| de novo synthesis and degradation of lx and v cycle pigments during shade and sun acclimation in avocado leaves. | the photoprotective role of the universal violaxanthin cycle that interconverts violaxanthin (v), antheraxanthin (a), and zeaxanthin (z) is well established, but functions of the analogous conversions of lutein-5,6-epoxide (lx) and lutein (l) in the selectively occurring lx cycle are still unclear. we investigated carotenoid pools in lx-rich leaves of avocado (persea americana) during sun or shade acclimation at different developmental stages. during sun exposure of mature shade leaves, an unusu ... | 2009 | 19060099 |
| flow injection spectrophotometric determination of isoproterenol using an avocado (persea americana) crude extract immobilized on controlled-pore silica reactor. | an enzymatic reactor was constructed by the immobilization of polyphenol oxidase (ppo) from avocado (persea americana) crude extract in an inorganic support of controlled pore silica (cps), after a previous step of silanization. this inorganic support has been used as an excellent carrier to immobilize this enzyme and the enzymatic reactor was used in a flow injection system for the determination of isoproterenol in pharmaceutical products. the procedure is based on the oxidation reaction of thi ... | 2002 | 18968613 |
| chronoamperometric determination of paracetamol using an avocado tissue (persea americana) biosensor. | a biosensor based on vaseline/graphite modified with avocado tissue (persea americana) as the source of polyphenol oxidase was developed and used for the chronoamperometric determination of paracetamol in pharmaceutical formulations. this enzyme catalyses the oxidation of paracetamol to n-acetyl-p-benzoquinoneimine whose electrochemical reduction back to paracetamol was obtained at a potential of -0.12 v. after addition of paracetamol reference solutions in glass cell and stirring for 60 s for t ... | 2001 | 18968415 |
| early events during quiescent infection development by colletotrichum gloeosporioides in unripe avocado fruits. | inoculation of avocado pericarp tissue with colletotrichum gloeospori-oides and treatment of avocado cell cultures with the cell wall elicitor of c. gloeosporioidesboth increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ros). however, whereas the production of ros could be detected within minutes in avocado cell suspensions, it was detected only after 2 h following inoculation of pericarp tissue. protein kinase inhibitors such as k-252a and staurosporine and the phosphatase inhibitor microcyst ... | 2000 | 18944563 |
| development of colletotrichum gloeosporioides restriction enzyme-mediated integration mutants as biocontrol agents against anthracnose disease in avocado fruits. | abstract reduced-pathogenicity mutants of the avocado fruit pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolate cg-14 (teleomorph: glomerella cingulata) were generated by insertional mutagenesis by restriction enzyme-mediated integration (remi) transformation. following seven transformations, 3,500 hygromycin-resistant isolates were subjected to a virulence assay by inoculation on mesocarp and pericarp of cv. fuerte avocado fruits. fourteen isolates showed a reduced degree of virulence relative comp ... | 2001 | 18944387 |
| the analysis of fruit protection mechanisms provided by reduced-pathogenicity mutants of colletotrichum gloeosporioides obtained by restriction enzyme mediated integration. | abstract colletotrichum gloeosporioides is an important postharvest pathogen that attacks ripe avocado fruit. two reduced-pathogenicity mutants, cg-m-142 and cg-m-1150, previously obtained by restriction enzyme mediated integration, were used for the sequential analysis of the induction of biocontrol in avocado fruit. plant biochemical indicators, such as h(+)-atpase activity and levels of reactive oxygen species, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, epicatechin, and an antifungal diene, were investigat ... | 2002 | 18944245 |
| metabolism of the flavonoid epicatechin by laccase of colletotrichum gloeosporioides and its effect on pathogenicity on avocado fruits. | abstract during avocado fruit ripening, decreasing levels of the flavonoid epicatechin have been reported to modulate the metabolism of preformed antifungal compounds and the activation of quiescent colletotrichum gloeosporioides infections. epicatechin levels decreased as well when c. gloeosporioides was grown in the presence of epicatechin in culture. extracts of laccase enzyme obtained from decayed tissue and culture media fully metabolized the epicatechin substrate within 4 and 20 h, respect ... | 2005 | 18943366 |
| lipid and fatty acid composition of mesocarp and seed of avocado fruits harvested at northern range in japan. | the lipid and fatty acid composition of the mesocarp and seed of avocado fruit grown and harvested in japan, which is located at the northern range of the avacado, was investigated and compared to an imported avocado purchased commercially. the potential of the avocado mesocarp as an agricultural product in japan was also explored. total lipids (tl) accounted for approximately 20% of the mesocarp. further analysis showed that the neutral lipid (nl) fraction accounted for at least 95% of the tl, ... | 2008 | 18838831 |
| lepidoptera and associated parasitoids attacking hass and non-hass avocados in guatemala. | a 5-mo survey for fruit feeding lepidoptera attacking hass and non-hass avocados (persea americana miller [lauraceae]) was conducted in guatemala from 1 november 2006 to 1 april 2007. in total, 6,740 fruit were collected from 22 different areas in guatemala. eight species of lepidoptera, of which at least two are species new to science, were reared from avocado fruit. reared lepidoptera were amorbia santamaria phillips and powell, cryptaspasma sp. nr. lugubris, euxoa sorella schaus, histura n. s ... | 2008 | 18767741 |
| biology and host associations of redbay ambrosia beetle (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae), exotic vector of laurel wilt killing redbay trees in the southeastern united states. | the redbay ambrosia beetle, xyleborus glabratus eichhoff (coleoptera: curculionidae: scolytinae), and its fungal symbiont, raffaelea sp., are new introductions to the southeastern united states responsible for the wilt of mature redbay, persea borbonia (l.) spreng., trees. in 2006 and 2007, we investigated the seasonal flight activity of x. glabratus, its host associations, and population levels at eight locations in south carolina and georgia where infestations ranged from very recent to at lea ... | 2008 | 18767737 |
| multi-factor regulation of pectate lyase secretion by colletotrichum gloeosporioides pathogenic on avocado fruits. | tissue alkalinization during colletotrichum gloeosporioides attack enhances the expression of pelb, which encodes pectate lyase (pl), and pl secretion, which is considered essential for full virulence. we studied the regulation of pl secretion by manipulation of c. gloeosporioides pelb. pelb was down-regulated by knocking out pac1, which encodes the pacc transcription factor that regulates gene products with ph-sensitive activities. we functionally characterized a pacc gene homologue, pac1, from ... | 2008 | 18705870 |
| development of a rapid method for the sequential extraction and subsequent quantification of fatty acids and sugars from avocado mesocarp tissue. | methods devised for oil extraction from avocado (persea americana mill.) mesocarp (e.g., soxhlet) are usually lengthy and require operation at high temperature. moreover, methods for extracting sugars from avocado tissue (e.g., 80% ethanol, v/v) do not allow for lipids to be easily measured from the same sample. this study describes a new simple method that enabled sequential extraction and subsequent quantification of both fatty acids and sugars from the same avocado mesocarp tissue sample. fre ... | 2008 | 18680299 |
| bioecology of stenoma catenifer (lepidoptera: elachistidae) and associated larval parasitoids reared from hass avocados in guatemala. | a 10-wk study of the avocado seed-feeding moth stenoma catenifer walsingham (lepidoptera: elachistidae), was conducted in a commercial 'hass' avocado (persea americana miller [lauraceae]) orchard in guatemala. up to 45% of fruit in the orchard were damaged by larval s. catenifer. larval-to-adult survivorship for 1,881 s. catenifer larvae in hass fruit was 37%, and adult sex ratio was 51% female. four species of larval parasitoid were reared from field-collected s. catenifer larvae. the most comm ... | 2008 | 18613567 |
| short- and long-term modulation of the lutein epoxide and violaxanthin cycles in two species of the lauraceae: sweet bay laurel (laurus nobilis l.) and avocado (persea americana mill.). | short- and long-term responses of the violaxanthin (v) and lutein epoxide (lx) cycles were studied in two species of lauraceae: sweet bay laurel (laurus nobilis l.) and avocado (persea americana l.). the lx content exceeded the v content in shade leaves of both species. both lx and v were de-epoxidised on illumination, but only v was fully restored by epoxidation in low light. violaxanthin was preferentially de-epoxidised in low light in l. nobilis. this suggests that lx accumulates with leaf ag ... | 2008 | 18426476 |
| effects of persea americana mill (lauraceae) ["avocado"] ethanolic leaf extract on blood glucose and kidney function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and on kidney cell lines of the proximal (llcpk1) and distal tubules (mdbk). | extracts of persea americana mill (lauraceae) ("avocado") have been traditionally used to treat hypertension and diabetes mellitus. accordingly, we studied the hypoglycaemic and renal function effects of p. americana leaf ethanolic extracts (pae) in stz-induced diabetic rats. oral glucose tolerance responses to various doses of pae were monitored in fasted rats following a glucose load. rats treated with deionized water or standard hypoglycaemic drugs acted as untreated and treated positive cont ... | 2008 | 18389095 |
| wound healing activity of persea americana (avocado) fruit: a preclinical study on rats. | avocado (persea americana) oil is rich in nutrient waxes, proteins and minerals, as well as vitamins a, d and e. it is an excellent source of enrichment for dry, damaged or chapped skin. this study aimed to evaluate the wound-healing activity of fruit extract of persea americana in rats. | 2008 | 18376654 |
| persea americana (avocado): bringing ancient flowers to fruit in the genomics era. | the avocado (persea americana) is a major crop commodity worldwide. moreover, avocado, a paleopolyploid, is an evolutionary "outpost" among flowering plants, representing a basal lineage (the magnoliid clade) near the origin of the flowering plants themselves. following centuries of selective breeding, avocado germplasm has been characterized at the level of microsatellite and rflp markers. nonetheless, little is known beyond these general diversity estimates, and much work remains to be done to ... | 2008 | 18348249 |
| nucleotide diversity and linkage disequilibrium in wild avocado (persea americana mill.). | resequencing studies provide the ultimate resolution of genetic diversity because they identify all mutations in a gene that are present within the sampled individuals. we report a resequencing study of persea americana, a subtropical tree species native to meso- and central america and the progenitor of cultivated avocado. the sample includes 21 wild accessions from mexico, costa rica, ecuador, and the dominican republic. estimated levels of nucleotide polymorphism and linkage disequilibrium (l ... | 2008 | 18343895 |
| [genitalia of three species of heilipus germar (coleoptera: curculionidae) that damage avocado fruits (persea americana mill.) in mexico and costa rica]. | the male and female genitaliae of three species of the genus heilipus germar (h. lauri boheman, h. pittieri barber and h. trifasciatus fabricius) that damage avocado fruits (persea americana mill.) in mexico and costa rica are described and illustrated. the aedeagus, spiculum gastrale, styli of 8th sternite are different in each one of the three species studied and can be used for specific identification. | 2007 | 18246266 |
| totipotency of cells from fruit pericarp tissue in vitro. | callus derived from avocado fruit pericarp grown in vitro for several generations developed roots with stele, endodermis, cortex, epidermis, and root cap. no correlation between environment and root production was demonstrated. | 1962 | 17832008 |
| hypoglycemic and hypocholesterolemic potential of persea americana leaf extracts. | the effect of aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of persea americana on plasma glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (ldl-chol), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-chol) in rats was investigated. albino rats were fed a diet containing 20% groundnut oil, 0.5% cholesterol, and 0.25% cholic acid to induce hypercholesterolemia. they were then treated daily with aqueous or methanolic extract of p. americana leaf (10 mg/kg of body weight) for 8 weeks. there were ... | 2007 | 17651074 |
| chemopreventive characteristics of avocado fruit. | phytochemicals are recognized as playing an important role in cancer prevention by fruits and vegetables. the avocado is a widely grown and consumed fruit that is high in nutrients and low in calories, sodium, and fats. studies have shown that phytochemicals extracted from the avocado fruit selectively induce cell cycle arrest, inhibit growth, and induce apoptosis in precancerous and cancer cell lines. our recent studies indicate that phytochemicals extracted with chloroform from avocado fruits ... | 2007 | 17582784 |
| [high-density lipoproteins (hdl) size and composition are modified in the rat by a diet supplemented with "hass" avocado (persea americana miller)]. | to determine the effects of dietary avocado on hdl structure and their associated enzyme, paraoxonase 1 (pon1). | 2007 | 17500188 |
| cardiovascular effects of persea americana mill (lauraceae) (avocado) aqueous leaf extract in experimental animals. | the cardiovascular effects of persea americana mill (lauraceae) aqueous leaf extract (pae) have been investigated in some experimental animal paradigms. the effects of pae on myocardial contractile performance was evaluated on guinea pig isolated atrial muscle strips, while the vasodilatory effects of the plant extract were examined on isolated portal veins and thoracic aortic rings of healthy normal wistar rats in vitro. the hypotensive (antihypertensive) effect of the plant extract was examine ... | 2007 | 17497042 |
| [composition of the essential oil of persea americana]. | 1981 | 17401983 | |
| pigments in avocado tissue and oil. | pigments are important contributors to the appearance and healthful properties of both avocado fruits and the oils extracted from these fruits. this study determined carotenoid and chlorophyll pigment concentrations in the skin and three sections of the flesh (outer dark green, middle pale green, and inner yellow flesh-nearest the seed) and anthocyanin concentrations in the skin of hass avocado during ripening at 20 degrees c. pigments were extracted from frozen tissue with acetone and measured ... | 2006 | 17177553 |
| simultaneous analysis of glycolipids and phospholids molecular species in avocado (persea americana mill) fruit. | the molecular species of phospholipids (pls) and glycolipids (gls) were simultaneously characterized in the pulp and almond of the avocado fruit (persea americana mill) of four varieties by means of high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionisation ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. in the pulp, the predominant species of monoglycosyldiglycerides (mgd) were m/z 796.6 (oleic/linolenic and linoleic/linoleic acids) and m/z 800.4 (stearic/linoleic and oleic/oleic acids). one of the main ... | 2007 | 17074356 |
| [vertical distribution, damage and cultural control of stenoma catenifer walsingham (lepidoptera: elachistidae) in avocado grove]. | stenoma catenifer walsingham is the major pest in avocado groves (persea americana mill.) in the neotropical region. management has been difficult for many reasons related to the reduced knowledge on its bioecology and the avocado growing systems. the goal of this work was to study the vertical distribution of s. catenifer in avocado plants, the gagging effect of infested fruit on its survival, and the losses caused. the experiments were conducted in a commercial grove located at the são tomás d ... | 2006 | 17061802 |
| ethnomedicines used in trinidad and tobago for urinary problems and diabetes mellitus. | this paper is based on ethnobotanical interviews conducted from 1996-2000 in trinidad and tobago with thirty male and female respondents. | 2006 | 17040567 |
| analyses of avocado (persea americana) nectar properties and their perception by honey bees (apis mellifera). | honey bees are important avocado pollinators. however, due to the low attractiveness of flowers, pollination is often inadequate. previous work has revealed that avocado honey is relatively unattractive to honey bees when compared with honey from competing flowers. we characterized avocado honey and nectar with respect to their odor, color, and composition of sugars, phenolic compounds, and minerals. furthermore, we tested how honey bees perceive these parameters, using the proboscis extension r ... | 2006 | 16902825 |
| anticonvulsant effect of persea americana mill (lauraceae) (avocado) leaf aqueous extract in mice. | various morphological parts of persea americana mill (lauraceae) (avocado) are widely used in african traditional medicines for the treatment, management and/or control of a variety of human ailments, including childhood convulsions and epilepsy. this study examined the anticonvulsant effect of the plant's leaf aqueous extract (pae, 50-800 mg/kg i.p.) against pentylenetetrazole (ptz)-, picrotoxin (pct)- and bicuculline (bcl)-induced seizures in mice. phenobarbitone and diazepam were used as refe ... | 2006 | 16775810 |
| some aspects of carnitine metabolism in avocado (persea americana) (short communication). | the fact that palmitoyl-l-carnitine is oxidized by avocado mitochondria at a rate comparable with that of succinate oxidation suggests that there are at least two systems for beta-oxidation in higher plants. the carnitine-associated system is located in a mitochondrial fraction, whereas the glyoxylate-cycle-associated system is located in the glyoxysomes. | 1973 | 16742829 |
| widespread genome duplications throughout the history of flowering plants. | genomic comparisons provide evidence for ancient genome-wide duplications in a diverse array of animals and plants. we developed a birth-death model to identify evidence for genome duplication in est data, and applied a mixture model to estimate the age distribution of paralogous pairs identified in est sets for species representing the basal-most extant flowering plant lineages. we found evidence for episodes of ancient genome-wide duplications in the basal angiosperm lineages including nuphar ... | 2006 | 16702410 |
| interactions of avocado (persea americana) cytochrome p-450 with monoterpenoids. | the microsomal fraction of avocado (persea americana) mesocarp is a rich source of cytochrome p-450 active in the demethylation of xenobiotics. cytochrome p-450 from this tissue has been purified and well characterized at the molecular level (dp o'keefe, kj leto [1989] plant physiol 89: 1141-1149; kr bozak, h yu, r sirevag, re christoffersen [1990] proc natl acad sci usa 87: 3904-3908). despite this extensive characterization, the role of the enzyme in vivo was not established. optical and elect ... | 1992 | 16668790 |
| ripening-related gene from avocado fruit : ethylene-inducible expression of the mrna and polypeptide. | fruit ripening involves a series of changes in gene expression regulated by the phytohormone ethylene. avoe3, a ripening-related gene in avocado fruit (persea americana mill. cv hass), was characterized with regard to its ethylene-regulated expression. the avoe3 mrna and immunopositive protein were induced in mature fruit within 12 hours of propylene treatment. the avoe3 mrna levels reached a maximum 1 to 2 days before the ethylene climacteric, whereas the immunopositive protein continued to acc ... | 1992 | 16668676 |
| cellulase occurs in multiple active forms in ripe avocado fruit mesocarp. | the existence of multiple forms of avocado (persea americana mill. cv hass) cellulase in crude protein extracts of ripe avocado fruit is reported. cellulase was separated into at least 11 multiple forms by native isoelectric focusing in the ph range between 4 and 7 and visualized by both activity staining using congo red and immunostaining. the enzyme components were acidic proteins with isoelectric points in the range of ph 5.10 to 6.80, the predominant forms having isoelectric points of 5.60, ... | 1992 | 16668672 |
| involvement of wound and climacteric ethylene in ripening avocado discs. | avocado (persea americana mill. cv hass) discs (3 mm thick) ripened in approximately 72 hours when maintained in a flow of moist air and resembled ripe fruit in texture and taste. ethylene evolution by discs of early and midseason fruit was characterized by two distinct components, viz. wound ethylene, peaking at approximately 18 hours, and climacteric ethylene, rising to a peak at approximately 72 hours. a commensurate respiratory stimulation accompanied each ethylene peak. aminoethoxyvinyl gly ... | 1991 | 16668458 |
| suppression of cellulase and polygalacturonase and induction of alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzymes in avocado fruit mesocarp subjected to low oxygen stress. | expression of polygalacturonase and cellulase, two hydrolytic enzymes of avocado (persea americana, cv hass) fruit which are synthesized de novo during ripening, and alcohol dehydrogenase, a known anaerobic protein, were studied under different o(2) regimes. low o(2) concentrations (2.5-5.5%) diminished the accumulation of polygalacturonase and cellulase proteins and the expression of their isoenzymes. this pattern of change in cellulase protein was also reflected in the steady-state amount of i ... | 1991 | 16668163 |
| metabolically driven self-restoration of energy-linked functions by avocado mitochondria: general characteristics and phosphorylative aspects. | to assess the restorative capacity of isolated avocado (persea americana) fruit mitochondria, the organelles were first aged in the absence of an energy source at 25 degrees c for several hours until respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation were greatly diminished or totally lost. energy-linked functions were then gradually restored over a period of several hours after the addition of substrate. restoration of respiratory control resulted from both an increase in state 3 and a decrease ... | 1991 | 16668096 |
| xylanase and xylosidase activities in avocado fruit. | the activities of xylanase and xylosidase were demonstrated in mature avocado (persea americana mill.) fruits from different cultivars. when monitored on the day of harvest during the season at 1-month intervals, xylanase activity decreased and xylosidase activity increased between january and february and then remained stable until may. when monitored during the ripening process (january harvest), xylanase activity was constant, and xylosidase activity reached a peak at the climax of ethylene e ... | 1991 | 16668079 |
| sequence analysis and comparison of avocado fruit and bean abscission cellulases. | a 1700 nucleotide cdna clone for a bean (phaseolus vulgaris cv red kidney) abscission cellulase (endo-(1,4)-beta-d-glucanase) has been identified and sequenced. this cdna clone contains a 1485 nucleotide open reading frame which includes coding sequences for a putative signal peptide and mature protein. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences for the bean abscission cellulase are compared to the previously reported sequences of an avocado fruit ripening cellulase. optimal alignment of th ... | 1991 | 16668074 |
| the effect of ethylene and propylene pulses on respiration, ripening advancement, ethylene-forming enzyme, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase activity in avocado fruit. | when early-season avocado fruit (persea americana mill. cv hass) were treated with ethylene or propylene for 24 hours immediately on picking, the time to the onset of the respiratory climacteric, i.e. the lag period, remained unchanged compared with that in untreated fruit. when fruit were pulsed 24 hours after picking, on the other hand, the lag period was shortened. in both cases, however, a 24 hour ethylene or propylene pulse induced a transient increase in respiration, called the pulse-peak, ... | 1991 | 16668073 |
| evidence for a universal pathway of abscisic acid biosynthesis in higher plants from o incorporation patterns. | previous labeling studies of abscisic acid (aba) with (18)o(2) have been mainly conducted with water-stressed leaves. in this study, (18)o incorporation into aba of stressed leaves of various species was compared with (18)o labeling of aba of turgid leaves and of fruit tissue in different stages of ripening. in stressed leaves of all six species investigated, avocado (persea americana), barley (hordeum vulgare), bean (phaseolus vulgaris), cocklebur (xanthium strumarium), spinach (spinacia olerac ... | 1989 | 16667222 |
| hydrolytic enzyme activities and protein pattern of avocado fruit ripened in air and in low oxygen, with and without ethylene. | the effect of 2.5% o(2) atmosphere with and without ethylene on the activities of hydrolytic enzymes associated with cell walls, and total protein profile during ripening of avocado fruits (persea americana mill., cv hass) were investigated. the low 2.5% o(2) atmosphere prevented the rise in the activities of cellulase, polygalacturonase, and acid phosphatase in avocado fruits whose ripening was initiated with ethylene. addition of 100 microliters per liter ethylene to low o(2) atmosphere did no ... | 1989 | 16666746 |
| cytochrome p-450 from the mesocarp of avocado (persea americana). | the microsomal fraction from the mesocarp of avocado (persea americana) is one of few identified rich sources of plant cytochrome p-450. cytochrome p-450 from this tissue has been solubilized and purified. enzymatic assays (p-chloro-n-methylaniline demethylase) and spectroscopic observations of substrate binding suggest a low spin form of the cytochrome, resembling that in the microsomal membrane, can be recovered. however, this preparation of native protein is a mixture of nearly equal proporti ... | 1989 | 16666677 |
| cyanide metabolism in relation to ethylene production in plant tissues. | hcn is the putative product of c-1 and amino moieties of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) during its conversion to ethylene. in apple (malus sylvestrus mill.) slices or auxin-treated mungbean (vigna radiata l.) hypocotyls, which produced ethylene at high rates, the steady state concentration of hcn was found to be no higher than 0.2 micromolar, which was too low to inhibit respiration (reported ki for hcn to inhibit respiration was 10-20 micromolar). however, these tissues became cyan ... | 1988 | 16666329 |
| interrelationship of polyamine and ethylene biosynthesis during avocado fruit development and ripening. | concentrations of polyamines (pa) and the activities of the pa-synthesizing enzymes ornithine decarboxylase (odc) and arginine decarboxylase (adc) extracted from the mesocarp tissue of avocado (persea americana mill, cv ;simmonds') fruits at different stages of development were compared with dna content and the activities of 5'-methylthioadenosine (mta) nucleosidase and 5-methylthioribose (mtr) kinase. putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were at their peak concentrations during the early stages ... | 1988 | 16666165 |
| interference of phenolic compounds with the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid assay. | the yields of ethylene from endogenous and exogenous 1-aminocyclo-propane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) in avocado (persea americana mill.) fruit pedicel extracts were very low when assayed by the method of lizada and yang (1979 anal biochem 100: 140-145). addition of phenolic compounds, which are present in avocado tissues, to the assay mixture significantly reduced the conversion efficiency of acc to ethylene. a negative correlation was found between the amount of the plant material in the assay mix ... | 1988 | 16665853 |
| regulation of climacteric respiration in ripening avocado fruit. | ripening of avocado fruit is associated with a dramatic increase in respiration. in vivo(31)p nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed large increases in atp levels accompanying the increase in respiration. both glycolytic enzymes, phosphofructokinase, and pyrophosphate: fructose-6-phosphate phosphotransferase were present in avocado fruit with the latter activity being highly stimulated by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels increased approximately 90% at the ons ... | 1987 | 16665374 |
| synthesis and processing of cellulase from ripening avocado fruit. | the biosynthesis and processing of cellulase from ripening avocado fruit was studied. the mature protein is a glycoprotein, as judged by concanavalin a binding, with a molecular weight of 54,200. upon complete deglycosylation by treatment with trifluoromethane sulfonic acid the mature protein has a molecular weight of 52,800 whereas the immunoprecipitated in vitro translation product has a molecular weight of 54,000. this result indicates that cellulase is synthesized as a large molecular weight ... | 1986 | 16664911 |
| regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in avocado fruit during ripening. | preclimacteric avocado (persea americana mill.) fruits produced very little ethylene and had only a trace amount of l-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) and a very low activity of acc synthase. in contrast, a significant amount of l-(malonylamino)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (macc) was detected during the preclimacteric stage. in harvested fruits, both acc synthase activity and the level of acc increased markedly during the climacteric rise reaching a peak shortly before the climacteric ... | 1986 | 16664762 |
| effects of low temperature and respiratory inhibitors on calcium flux in plant mitochondria. | the effects of low temperature on uptake and release of (45)ca(2+) were studied with sound, well-coupled mitochondria extracted at room temperature from avocado (persea americana mill, cv fuerte) fruits. low ca(2+) concentrations (10 micromolar) were employed to simulate physiological conditions. at 25 degrees c, the rate of ca(2+) uptake decreased with time, whereas at 5 degrees c the initial rate, though lower, remained linear. as a consequence total uptake at 5 degrees c was substantially gre ... | 1985 | 16664154 |
| partial purification and characterization of arginine decarboxylase from avocado fruit, a thermostable enzyme. | a partially purified preparation of arginine decarboxylase (ec 4.1.1.19), a key enzyme in polyamine metabolism in plants, was isolated from avocado (persea americana mill. cv fuerte) fruit. the preparation obtained from the crude extract after ammonium sulfate precipitation, dialysis, and heat treatment, had maximal activity between ph 8.0 and 9.0 at 60 degrees c, in the presence of 1.2 millimolar mncl(2), 2 millimolar dithiothreitol, and 0.06 millimolar pyridoxal phosphate. the k(m), of arginin ... | 1984 | 16663805 |
| comparative effects of ethylene and cyanide on respiration, polysome prevalence, and gene expression in carrot roots. | treatment of carrot roots (daucus carota l.) with 10 microliters per liter ethylene in o(2) evokes a three- to four-fold increase in polysome prevalence and associated poly(a)(+) rna. the increase in polysome prevalence is attended by a similar change in co(2) evolution. the increase in polysomal poly(a)(+) mrna constitutes primarily a generic increase in constitutive mrnas as assayed by in vitro translation. however, changes in the relative abundance of several in vitro translatable ethylene sp ... | 1984 | 16663623 |
| interrelationship of gene expression, polysome prevalence, and respiration during ripening of ethylene and/or cyanide-treated avocado fruit. | upon initiation of ripening in avocado fruit (persea americana mill. cv hass) with 10 microliters/liter ethylene, polysome prevalence and associated poly(a)(+) mrna increase approximately 3-fold early in the respiratory climacteric and drop off to preclimacteric levels at the peak of the respiratory climacteric. the increase in poly(a)(+) mrna on polysomes early in the respiratory climacteric constitutes a generic increase in constitutive mrnas. new gene expression associated with ripening is mi ... | 1984 | 16663414 |
| intermediates in the recycling of 5-methylthioribose to methionine in fruits. | the recycling of 5-methylthioribose (mtr) to methionine in avocado (persea americana mill, cv hass) and tomato (lycopersicum esculentum mill, cv unknown) was examined. [(14)ch(3)]mtr was not metabolized in cell free extract from avocado fruit. either [(14)ch(3)]mtr plus atp or [(14)ch(3)]5-methylthioribose-1-phosphate (mtr-1-p) alone, however, were metabolized to two new products by these extracts. mtr kinase activity has previously been detected in these fruit extracts. these data indicate that ... | 1983 | 16663204 |
| malate oxidation and cyanide-insensitive respiration in avocado mitochondria during the climacteric cycle. | after preparation on self-generated percoll gradients, avocado (persea americana mill, var. fuerte and hass) mitochondria retain a high proportion of cyanide-insensitive respiration, especially with alpha-ketoglutarate and malate as substrates. whereas alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation remains unchanged, the rate of malate oxidation increases as ripening advances through the climacteric. an enhancement of mitochondrial malic enzyme activity, measured by the accumulation of pyruvate, closely parallel ... | 1982 | 16662684 |
| preparation of avocado mitochondria using self-generated percoll density gradients and changes in buoyant density during ripening. | mitochondria from avocado (persea americana mill, var. fuerte and hass) can be rapidly prepared at every stage of ripening using differential centrifugation and self-generated percoll gradients. the procedure results in improved oxidative and phosphorylative properties, especially for mitochondria isolated from preclimacteric fruits.a gradual change in the buoyant density of avocado mitochondria takes place during ripening. climacteric and postclimacteric avocado mitochondria have the same buoya ... | 1982 | 16662683 |
| potentiating effect of pure oxygen on the enhancement of respiration by ethylene in plant storage organs: a comparative study. | a number of fruits and bulky storage organs were studied with respect to the effect of pure o(2) on the extent and time-course of the respiratory rise induced by ethylene. in one group, of which potato (solanum tuberosum var. russet) and carrot (daucus carota) are examples, the response to ethylene in o(2) is much greater than in air. in a second group, of which avocado (persea americana mill. var. hass) and banana (musa cavendishii lambert var. valery) are examples, air and o(2) are equally eff ... | 1982 | 16662339 |
| biosynthesis of ethylene from methionine in aminoethoxyvinylglycine-resistant avocado tissue. | this study was conducted to determine if aminoethoxyvinylglycine (avg) insensitivity in avocado (persea americana mill., lula, haas, and bacon) tissue was due to an alternate pathway of ethylene biosynthesis from methionine. avg, at 0.1 millimolar, had little or no inhibitory effect on either total ethylene production or [(14)c] ethylene production from [(14)c]methionine in avocado tissue at various stages of ripening. however, aminoxyacetic acid (aoa), which inhibits 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carbo ... | 1982 | 16662192 |
| postharvest variation in cellulase, polygalacturonase, and pectinmethylesterase in avocado (persea americana mill, cv. fuerte) fruits in relation to respiration and ethylene production. | cellulase, polygalacturonase (pg), pectinmethylesterase (pme), respiration, and ethylene production were determined in single "fuerte" avocado fruits from the day of harvest through the start of fruit breakdown. pme declined from its maximum value at the time of picking to a low level early in the climacteric. pg activity was not detectable in the preclimacteric stage, increased during the climacteric, and continued to increase during the postclimacteric phase to a level three times greater than ... | 1979 | 16660954 |
| respiratory contribution of the alternate path during various stages of ripening in avocado and banana fruits. | the respiration of fresh slices of preclimacteric avocado (persea americana mill. var. hass) and banana (musa cavendishii var. valery) fruits is stimulated by cyanide and antimycin. the respiration is sensitive to m-chlorobenzhydroxamic acid in the presence of cyanide but much less so in the presence of antimycin. in the absence of cyanide the contribution of the cyanide-resistant pathway to the coupled preclimacteric respiration is zero. in uncoupled slices, by contrast, the alternate path is e ... | 1978 | 16660495 |
| cellulase activity and fruit softening in avocado. | cellulase activity in detached avocado (persea americana mill.) fruits was found to be directly correlated with ripening processes such as climacteric rise of respiration, ethylene evolutin, and softening. this activity in the pericarp could be induced by ethylene treatment, and the more mature the fruit-the faster and the greater was the response. only a very low cellulase activity could be detected in hard avocado fruit right after harvest. cellulase activity was highest at the distal end of t ... | 1978 | 16660305 |
| succinoxidase activity of avocado fruit mitochondria in relation to temperature and chilling injury throughout the climacteric cycle. | mitochondria were isolated from ;fuerte' avocado fruit (persea americana mill.) at four different stages of the respiratory climacteric. preclimacteric fruit had the highest rate of succinate oxidation and the postclimacteric mitochondria the lowest. subsequently, successive additions of adp increased the respiratory control ratio.arrhenius plots of succinate oxidation of intact mitochondria from climacteric rise and climacteric peak fruit showed two transition temperatures, while only one was o ... | 1977 | 16660117 |
| influence of plant hormones on ethylene production in apple, tomato, and avocado slices during maturation and senescence. | ethylene production by tissue slices from preclimacteric, climacteric, and postclimacteric apples was significantly reduced by isopentenyl adenosine (ipa), and by mixtures of ipa and indoleacetic acid, and of ipa, indoleacetic acid, and gibberellic acid after 4 hours of incubation. ethylene production by apple (pyrus malus l.) slices in abscisic acid was increased in preclimacteric tissues, decreased in climacteric peak tissues, and little affected in postclimacteric tissues. indoleacetic acid s ... | 1977 | 16660062 |
| ripening and in vitro retention of respiratory control by avocado and pear mitochondria. | the retention of respiratory control ("survival") by mitochondria held at 25 c was studied in relation to the ripening of two varieties of avocado (persea americana mill. var. ;fuerte' and ;hass') and one variety of pear (pyrus communis. l. var. ;bartlett') fruit. the survival of avocado mitochondria increased from 8 to 10 hours when isolated from unripe, preclimacteric fruit, to 48 hours when isolated from fully ripe, postclimacteric fruits. although rates of alpha-ketoglutarate oxidation, resp ... | 1975 | 16659279 |