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5-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 in the lungs of pigs naturally affected by enzootic pneumonia and porcine pleuropneumonia.enzootic pneumonia by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pleuropneumonia by actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae are among the most common and economically relevant pulmonary diseases in swine herds. we herein investigated the activity and expression of 5-lipoxygenase (5-lox) and cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) in healthy and diseased porcine lungs, by means of immunohistochemical, immunochemical and biochemical assays. diseased lungs showed a significantly higher activity and expression of 5-lox and cox-2 in a w ...201222341869
unveiling mycoplasma hyopneumoniae promoters: sequence definition and genomic distribution.several mycoplasma species have had their genome completely sequenced, including four strains of the swine pathogen mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. nevertheless, little is known about the nucleotide sequences that control transcriptional initiation in these microorganisms. therefore, with the objective of investigating the promoter sequences of m. hyopneumoniae, 23 transcriptional start sites (tsss) of distinct genes were mapped. a pattern that resembles the σ(70) promoter -10 element was found upstre ...201222334569
immunological characterization of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae recombinant proteins.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the primary pathogen of enzootic pneumonia, is highly prevalent worldwide and causes major economic losses to the pig industry. commercial vaccines are widely used in the control of this disease, however, they provide only partial protection. the aim of this study was to evaluate 34 recombinant proteins of m. hyopneumoniae expressed in escherichia coli. antigenic and immunogenic properties of these proteins were analyzed. for this, the proteins were tested against hyper ...201222304900
co-administration of attenuated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 168 strain with bacterial dna enhances the local and systemic immune response after intranasal vaccination in pigs.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the primary pathogen of enzootic pneumonia, occurs worldwide and causes major economic losses to the pig industry. m. hyopneumoniae infects pigs at mucosal surfaces of respiratory tract. the aim of the present study was to investigate if the protection rate against m. hyopneumoniae infection following intranasal immunization with attenuated m. hyopneumoniae 168 strain is improved by administration of bacterial dna containing cpg motifs. thirty pigs were immunized intran ...201222266290
clinical evaluation of intradermal vaccination against porcine enzootic pneumonia (mycoplasma hyopneumoniae).the aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of single-dose intradermal vaccination against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on a commercial swine unit. a total of 1051 healthy suckling piglets of 28±3 days of age were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: (a) intradermal: 346 piglets vaccinated intradermally (porcilis m hyo id once, intervet spah), (b) intramuscular : 351 piglets vaccinated intramuscularly (porcilis m1 intervet spah) and (c) controls: 354 piglets inject ...201222262700
pre-infection of pigs with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae modifies outcomes of infection with european swine influenza virus of h1n1, but not h1n2, subtype.swine influenza virus (siv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) are widespread in farms and are major pathogens involved in the porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc). the aim of this experiment was to compare the pathogenicity of european avian-like swine h1n1 and european human-like reassortant swine h1n2 viruses in naïve pigs and in pigs previously infected with mhp. six groups of spf pigs were inoculated intra-tracheally with either mhp, or h1n1, or h1n2 or mhp+h1n1 or mhp+h1n2, both path ...201122261237
mycoplasma hyopneumoniae surface proteins mhp385 and mhp384 bind host cilia and glycosaminoglycans and are endoproteolytically processed by proteases that recognize different cleavage motifs.p97 and p102 paralogues occur as endoproteolytic cleavage fragments on the surface of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae that bind glycosaminoglycans, plasminogen, and fibronectin and perform essential roles in colonization of ciliated epithelia. we show that the p102 paralogue mhp384 is efficiently cleaved at an s/t-x-f↓x-d/e-like site, creating p60(384) and p50(384). the p97 paralogue mhp385 is inefficiently cleaved, with tryptic peptides from a 115 kda protein (p115(385)) and 88 kda (p88(385)) and 27 k ...201222229926
increased prevalence of torque teno viruses in porcine respiratory disease complex affected pigs.the role of swine torque teno sus viruses (ttsuvs) as co-factors in disease syndromes involving porcine circovirus strain 2 (pcv2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory disease syndrome virus (prrsv) has been a debatable subject. in this study, the prevalence of ttsuvs in iowa, the leading pork producing state in the u.s., was estimated by a duplex pcr. the pcr is capable of simultaneously detecting both teno sus viruses 1 and 2 (ttsuv1 and 2). based on an analysis of 300 random samples repre ...201122227415
infectious agents associated with respiratory diseases in 125 farrow-to-finish pig herds: a cross-sectional study.a study was carried out in 125 farrow-to-finish pig herds to assess the relationships between pathogens involved in respiratory disorders and to relate these findings to clinical signs of respiratory diseases and pneumonia and pleuritis at slaughter. clinical examination and sampling were carried out on four different batches in each herd (pigs aged 4, 10, 16 and 22 weeks). mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, swine influenza viruses (siv), porcine reproductive and respirat ...201122226820
effect of challenge of pigs previously immunised with inactivated vaccines containing homologous and heterologous mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains.abstract: background: mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the primary cause of enzootic pneumonia in pigs. although vaccination is an important control tool, the results observed under field conditions are variable. this may be due to antigenic differences between the strains circulating in pig herds and the vaccine strain. this study compared the protective efficacy of four bacterins against challenge infection with a highly virulent field strain of m. hyopneumoniae. seventy eight, one-week old pigle ...201222225838
Survey of pleuritis and pulmonary lesions in pigs at abattoir with a focus on the extent of the condition and herd risk factors.Cranioventral pulmonary consolidation (enzootic pneumonia-like lesions) and chronic pleuritis (CP) are common findings in slaughtered pigs. Pleural lesions involving dorsocaudal lobes are suggestive of pleuropneumonia due to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. In this report the results of an abattoir survey of pleuritis and pulmonary lesions in pigs is presented with a focus on herd risk factors. A total of 4889 animals, ranging in age from 9 to 10months, from 48 batches of pigs belonging to an eq ...201122182431
development of allele-specific primer pcr for a swine tlr2 snp and comparison of the frequency among several pig breeds of japan and the czech republic.in the present study, we have developed an allele-specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (asp-pcr) for genotyping a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) of swine toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) (c406g), which is related to the prevalence of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. we also compared the allele frequency among several pig breeds of japan and the czech republic. allele-specific primers were constructed by introducing 1-base mismatch sequence before the snp site. the swine tlr2 c ...201122156387
Polymicrobial respiratory disease in pigs.Respiratory disease in pigs is common in modern pork production worldwide and is often referred to as porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). PRDC is polymicrobial in nature, and results from infection with various combinations of primary and secondary respiratory pathogens. As a true multifactorial disease, environmental conditions, population size, management strategies and pig-specific factors such as age and genetics also play critical roles in the outcome of PRDC. While non-infectious f ...201122152290
a longitudinal study of the diversity and dynamics of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in pig herds.a longitudinal study was carried out to investigate the diversity and persistence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyopneumoniae) strains in four infected pig herds. in each herd, 20 pigs were randomly selected and blood and/or bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid was collected at 6, 10, 14 and 26 weeks of age. in the bal fluid, quantitative pcr and mlva (multiple-locus variable number of tandem repeats (vntr) analysis) testing were performed for detection and typing of m. hyopneumoniae strains, re ...201122138620
Bacterial pathogens associated with lung lesions in slaughter pigs from 125 herds.Relationships between macroscopic lesions and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp), Pasteurella multocida (Pm), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App), Haemophilus parasuis (Hps) and Streptococcus suis (Ssuis) of the lungs of 3731 slaughter pigs from 125 herds were assessed in France. Pneumonia and pleuritis were the most frequent lesions (69.3% and 15% of the lungs, respectively). Mhp, Pm, App, Ssuis and Hps were detected in 69.3%, 36.9%, 20.7%, 6.4% and 0. ...201122133708
[immunogenicity of attenuated salmonella choleraesuis vaccine strain expressing immunogenic genes of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in mice].the study was carried out to construct and characterize salmonella choleraesuis vaccine strain expressing immunogenic genes of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and to test its immunogenicity in mice.201122126084
Comparison of detection procedures of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyosynoviae, and Mycoplasma hyorhinis in lungs, tonsils, and synovial fluid of slaughtered pigs and their distributions in Thailand.The aim of this study was to investigate whether direct PCR (DP) gave similar results to culture prior to PCR (CPP) for detecting mycoplasmas in different types of pig tissues. A total of 724 samples obtained from lungs, tonsils, or synovial fluids from 270 slaughtered pigs were used. The history of clinical signs, lung score, and the presence of joint lesions were recorded during sample collection. The rates of detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyosynoviae, and Mycoplasma hyorhi ...201222116666
mycoplasma hyopneumoniae transcription unit organization: genome survey and prediction.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is associated with swine respiratory diseases. although gene organization and regulation are well known in many prokaryotic organisms, knowledge on mycoplasma is limited. this study performed a comparative analysis of three strains of m. hyopneumoniae (7448, j and 232), with a focus on genome organization and gene comparison for open read frame (orf) cluster (oc) identification. an in silico analysis of gene organization demonstrated 117 ocs and 34 single orfs in m. hyop ...201122086999
effectiveness of transdermal, needle-free injections for reducing pork carcass defects.a needle-free, transdermal injection device was evaluated for effectiveness of vaccine delivery and for injection site lesions in swine. a total of 130 pigs were vaccinated for pseudorabies virus (prv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m. hyopneumoniae). pigs were divided into three groups; one group served as unvaccinated controls, the second group was vaccinated with conventional hypodermic needles and the third group was vaccinated with a needle-free, airpowered transdermal injection device. bloo ...200422062244
A Microarray Biosensor for Multiplexed Detection of Microbes Using Grating-Coupled Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging.Grating-coupled surface plasmon resonance imaging (GCSPRI) utilizes an optical diffraction grating embossed on a gold-coated sensor chip to couple collimated incident light into surface plasmons. The angle at which this coupling occurs is sensitive to the capture of analyte at the chip surface. This approach permits the use of disposable biosensor chips that can be mass-produced at low cost and spotted in microarray format to greatly increase multiplexing capabilities. The current GCSPRI instrum ...201122029256
Sequence TTKF ? QE defines the site of proteolytic cleavage in Mhp683 protein, a novel glycosaminoglycan and cilium adhesin of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonizes the ciliated respiratory epithelium of swine, disrupting mucociliary function and inducing chronic inflammation. P97 and P102 family members are major surface proteins of M. hyopneumoniae and play key roles in colonizing cilia via interactions with glycosaminoglycans and mucin. The p102 paralog, mhp683, and homologs in strains from different geographic origins encode a 135-kDa pre-protein (P135) that is cleaved into three fragments identified here as P45(683), ...201121969369
Mhp182 (P102) binds fibronectin and contributes to the recruitment of plasmin(ogen) to the Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae cell surface.Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a major, economically damaging respiratory pathogen. Although M. hyopneumoniae cells bind plasminogen, the identification of plasminogen-binding surface proteins and the biological ramifications of acquiring plasminogen requires further investigation. mhp182 encodes a highly expressed 102 kDa protein (P102) that undergoes proteolytic processing to generate surface-located N-terminal 60 kDa (P60) and C-terminal 42 kDa (P42) proteins of unknown function. We show that re ...201221951786
Exploratory study on the influence of climatological parameters on Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection dynamics.The objective of the present work was to elucidate the potential relationship between Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection and seroconversion dynamics and climatological conditions in four groups of pigs from the same farm born in different seasons of the year. Nasal swabs and blood samples were taken from 184 pigs at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 22 and 25 (slaughter age) weeks of age. Outside climatologic parameters, including temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), precipitation (l/m(2)) and wind sp ...201121904808
Production and characterization of recombinant transmembrane proteins from Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiological agent of swine enzootic pneumonia (EP), a chronic respiratory disease which causes significant economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. More efficient strategies for controlling this disease are necessary. In this study, we cloned17 genes coding for transmembrane proteins from M. hyopneumoniae, among which six were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and had their immunogenic and antigenic properties evaluated. All proteins were immunoge ...201121890287
Structure-based functional inference of hypothetical proteins from Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.Enzootic pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a major constraint to efficient pork production throughout the world. This pathogen has a small genome with 716 coding sequences, of which 418 are homologous to proteins with known functions. However, almost 42% of the 716 coding sequences are annotated as hypothetical proteins. Alternative methodologies such as threading and comparative modeling can be used to predict structures and functions of such hypothetical proteins. Often, these al ...201121870198
mycoplasma hyopneumoniae type i signal peptidase: expression and evaluation of its diagnostic potential.type i signal peptidase (spase i) is a membrane-anchored protease of the general secretory pathway, which is encoded by the sips gene in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiological agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia (pep). in this study, the expression of the m. hyopneumoniae spase i (mhspase i) was analyzed in virulent and avirulent strains, and the recombinant protein (rmhspase i), expressed in escherichia coli, was evaluated regarding its potential as an immunodiagnostic antigen. it was demons ...201121831542
immunity traits in pigs: substantial genetic variation and limited covariation.increasing robustness via improvement of resistance to pathogens is a major selection objective in livestock breeding. as resistance traits are difficult or impossible to measure directly, potential indirect criteria are measures of immune traits (its). our underlying hypothesis is that levels of its with no focus on specific pathogens define an individual's immunocompetence and thus predict response to pathogens in general. since variation in its depends on genetic, environmental and probably e ...201121829490
farm level risk factors associated with severity of post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome.a cross-sectional study involving 147 pig farms across england was conducted in 2008-2009. farm severity of post-weaning multi-systemic wasting syndrome (pmws) was estimated through the use of an algorithm that combined data on post-weaning mortality, pmws morbidity and proportion of porcine circovirus type 2 pcr positive pigs. farms were classified as non/slightly, moderately or highly affected by pmws. data on potential pmws risk factors were collected through interviews, on-farm assessment an ...201121741715
rapd and vntr analyses demonstrate genotypic heterogeneity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolates from pigs housed in a region with high pig density.since differences in the virulence of mycoplasma (m.) hyopneumoniae strains have been described, the isolation of field strains followed by genotypic and phenotypic characterisation has become a major goal in epidemiological studies. the aim of this study was to compare various m. hyopneumoniae isolates from different pig herds and numerous pigs within the same herd. therefore, pigs of 109 herds located in north-western germany were sampled either on-farm or during necropsies. overall, 52 isolat ...201121683534
inflammatory responses to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in murine alveolar macrophage cell lines.to investigate the mechanism by which mycoplasma hyopneumoniae induces inflammatory responses in murine alveolar macrophage (mh-s) cells.201121660848
expression of secreted and membrane-bound mucins in the airways of piglets experimentally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.immunohistochemistry was used to demonstrate secreted mucins muc2, muc5ac and muc5b and membrane-bound mucin muc4 in the pulmonary bronchioles of piglets experimentally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. conventional status, landrace-duroc cross-bred piglets, 13days of age, were randomised to two groups. one group (n=20) was infected by the intra-tracheal route with the snu98703 strain of m. hyopneumoniae, and a group of 12 animals acted as uninfected controls. five infected and three uninf ...201121652241
toll-like receptor 6 differential expression in two pig genetic groups vaccinated against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiologic agent of enzootic pneumonia, which causes important economic losses to swine industry. the toll-like receptors (tlrs) are pattern-recognition receptors which detect microbial presence and initiate the innate as well as the adaptative immune defense. toll-like receptor 6 is a type i transmembrane protein that recognizes bacterial components. the aim of this study was to compare mrna expression pattern of tlr6 gene in two genetically distinct groups of pig ...201121645324
deciphering the genetic control of innate and adaptive immune responses in pig: a combined genetic and genomic study.improving animal robustness and resistance to pathogens by adding health criteria in selection schemes is one of the challenging objectives of the next decade. in order to better understand the genetic control of immunity in french large white pigs, we have launched a program combining genetic and genomic studies not focussing on any particular pathogen. animals recorded for production traits were scored for a wide range of immunity parameters three weeks after vaccination against mycoplasma hyo ...201121645313
the three-way relationship of polymorphisms of porcine genes encoding terminal complement components, their differential expression, and health-related phenotypes.the complement system is an evolutionary ancient mechanism that plays an essential role in innate immunity and contributes to the acquired immune response. three modes of activation, known as classical, alternative and lectin pathway, lead to the initiation of a common terminal lytic pathway. the terminal complement components (tccs: c6, c7, c8a, c8b, and c9) are encoded by the genes c6, c7, c8a, c8b, c8g, and c9. we aimed at experimentally testing the porcine genes encoding tccs as candidate ge ...201121645298
estimates of the seroprevalence of production-limiting diseases in wild pigs. 201121610003
molecular cloning of hsp70 in mycoplasma ovipneumoniae and comparison with that of other mycoplasmas.mycoplasma ovipneumoniae, a bacterial species that specifically affects ovine and goat, is the cause of ovine infectious pleuropneumonia. we cloned, sequenced and analyzed heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) (dnak) gene of m. ovipneumoniae. the full length open reading frame of the m. ovipneumoniae hsp70 gene consists of 1812 nucleotides, with a g+c content of 34.16%, encoding 604 amino acids. comparative analysis with the hsp70 sequences of 15 mycoplasma species revealed 59 to 87% dna sequence identi ...201121574140
genotyping of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in wild boar lung samples.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the etiologic agent of enzootic pneumonia (ep), an important cause of disease-associated losses in swine production and a role of wild boar in recurrent infections can be supposed. genotypes of m. hyopneumoniae from wild boar are unknown but could indicate its role as a potential reservoir. therefore, 34 lung samples being pcr-positive for m. hyopneumoniae from wild boar from the geneva region in switzerland were assayed by genotyping using the p146 and multi-locus se ...201121571452
porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) vaccination is effective in reducing disease and pcv2 shedding in semen of boars concurrently infected with pcv2 and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.the objectives were to determine whether the amount of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) shed in semen increased in boars experimentally coinfected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo), and whether pcv2 vaccination of boars prior to pcv2 exposure reduced pcv2 viremia and virus shedding in semen. twelve specific-pathogen-free pcv2- and mhyo-naïve boars were randomly and equally assigned to one of four groups. six boars were vaccinated against pcv2 (vac) on day 0; three pcv2 vaccinated and three no ...201121496897
effect of cross-fostering on transfer of maternal immunity to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to piglets.the aim of this study was to assess the effect of cross-fostering on transfer of maternal mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-specific humoral and cell-mediated immunity (cmi) from gilts to piglets. cross-fostering, carried out within gilt pairs, was based on the gilts' m hyopneumoniae vaccination status in accordance with the following scheme: six pairs of vaccinated gilt × non-vaccinated gilt (v × n); five pairs of non-vaccinated gilt × vaccinated gilt (n × v); and five pairs of vaccinated gilt × vaccina ...201121493469
florfenicol feed supplemented decrease the clinical effects of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae experimental infection in swine in méxico.the therapeutic value of florfenicol feed supplemented was evaluated in conventional pigs to eliminate consequences of chronic infection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. the experimental animals were pigs with an average of 16kg, after intratracheally inoculation with m. hyopneumoniae they were divided in two experimental groups: (a) the non-medicated; and (b) the feed supplemented group (20g florfenicol/ton of feed) during the ensuing 35days. the average daily weight gain of the florfenicol-treated ...201121458833
attenuated actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae as a bacterial vector for expression of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae p36 gene.actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae are causative agents of porcine pneumonia. over the last few years, attenuated a. pleuropneumoniae live vaccines have been shown to provide protection against a. pleuropneumoniae infection. we postulated that attenuated a. pleuropneumoniae could additionally be used as a vaccine vector for protection against m. hyopneumoniae.201121432947
multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis is a suitable tool for differentiation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains without cultivation.an assay based on multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis allowed differentiating and studying diversity and persistence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains in pig herds without prior cultivation. the test had a discriminatory index of >0.99 and was applied reliably to porcine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and tracheal swabs.201121389157
comparative efficacy of commercial mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) vaccines in pigs experimentally infected with m. hyopneumoniae and pcv2.the efficacies of two commercial mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) vaccines were compared in conventional pigs immunized at different ages based on humoral response, pathological observation, and growth performance from birth to finishing (175 days of age) using a m. hyopneumoniae and pcv2 co-infection challenge model. one-week-old pigs (n=110) were randomly assigned to five groups: three vaccinated and challenged (vc), and one each of non-vaccinated and challeng ...201121354247
a modified live prrsv vaccine and the pathogenic parent strain induce regulatory t cells in pigs naturally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.the lack of heterologous protection by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) vaccines is currently a major problem in the field. heterologous protection by prrs vaccines depends on the ability of the vaccine to induce an interferon gamma (ifn-?) response. one mechanism by which the virus evades the immune system is by activating regulatory t cells (t(regs)), resulting in induction of interleukin 10 rather than ifn-?. our hypothesis that current prrs vaccines do not differ f ...201121272944
mhp107 is a member of the multifunctional adhesin family of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative pathogen of porcine enzootic pneumonia, an economically significant disease that disrupts the mucociliary escalator in the swine respiratory tract. expression of mhp107, a p97 paralog encoded by the gene mhp107, was confirmed using esi-ms/ms. to investigate the function of mhp107, three recombinant proteins, f1(mhp107), f2(mhp107), and f3(mhp107), spanning the n-terminal, central, and c-terminal regions of mhp107 were constructed. colonization of swine b ...201121245147
transmission of swine pathogens: different means, different needs.there seems to be two main types of pathogens that cause diseases in swine: those that are mainly introduced through direct pig contacts, and those that are often, and in some situations mainly introduced by indirect transmission means. in this review, the mange mite (sarcoptes scabiei), toxigenic pasteurella multocida and brachyspira hyodysenteriae will be used as examples of the first type, and foot and mouth disease virus, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory synd ...201121241537
effect of vaccination of pigs against experimental infection with high and low virulence mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains.this study investigated the infection pattern and lung lesion development in pigs caused by a low and highly virulent mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain at 4 and 8 weeks (w) post infection (pi). it also determined the efficacy of a commercial inactivated whole-cell vaccine against infection with each one of these m. hyopneumoniae strains. ninety piglets free of m. hyopneumoniae were selected, and 40 of them were randomly vaccinated during their first week of life. at weaning, all piglets were alloc ...201121237277
one dose of a porcine circovirus 2 subunit vaccine induces humoral and cell-mediated immunity and protects against porcine circovirus-associated disease under field conditions.this study investigated the efficacy of a one-dose porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) subunit vaccine based on the pcv2 cap protein expressed in a baculovirus system on two different farms at which a history of porcine circovirus-associated disease (pcvd) was present. morbidity, mortality, average daily weight gain, carcass weight, pcv2 load in serum and vaccine immunogenicity were assessed. serology to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was perform ...201021216540
cytokine and chemokine mrna expression profiles in tracheobronchial lymph nodes from pigs singularly infected or coinfected with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo).the objective of this study was to determine cytokine and chemokine mrna expression profiles in tracheobronchial lymph nodes from pigs singularly infected with porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo), or coinfected with both. twenty-eight pigs were randomly assigned to one of four groups: (1) negative controls (neg), (2) inoculated with mhyo (imhyo), (3) inoculated with mhyo and pcv2 (coi), and (4) inoculated with pcv2 (ipcv2). mhyo infection significantly (p<0.05) stim ...201021176971
complete genome sequence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 168.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 168, a pathogenic strain prevalent in china, was isolated in 1974. although this strain has been widespread for a long time, the genome sequence had not been determined. here, we announce the complete genome sequence of m. hyopneumoniae strain 168.201021148737
evaluation of peripheral lymphocytes after weaning and vaccination for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.this study evaluated immune cell populations in pigs following weaning and vaccination for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. piglets (n=24) were weaned (day 0) at 16 (±1) days of age, and randomly assigned to the vaccination group (n=16) or control group (n=8). complete blood cell counts, flow cytometry and serology were completed for blood samples collected on days 0 (within hours of weaning), 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60. the m. hyopneumoniae s:p ratios (sample optical density: positive control optical density ...201021147491
optimization of culture media of pathogenic mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by a response surface methodology.composition of culture medium for mass production of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was optimized using a response surface methodology (rsm). initially, the influence of glucose, thallium acetate, fresh yeast extract, horse serum, and porcine serum on the production of mycoplasmal protein was assessed using a 'one factor at a time' technique. next, factors with a significant effect, including fresh yeast extract, and horse and porcine sera, were selected for further optimization using a central compos ...201021113102
seroprevalence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs in subtropical southern china.enzootic pneumonia caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a severe disease of pigs, causing significant economic losses to the pig industry worldwide, including the tropical and subtropical regions. in order to obtain the baseline prevalence of m. hyopneumoniae in pigs from intensive farms in southern china, double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect m. hyoneumoniae antibodies in 460 pig serum samples collected from 12 administrative cities in china's southern gu ...201021107906
mycoplasma hyopneumoniae induces pro-inflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide production through nfκb and mapk pathways in raw264.7 cells.in the present study, we confirmed the ability of m. hyopneumoniae to induce the secretion of large amount of proinflammatory cytokine and nitric oxide (no) in murine macrophage raw 264.7 cells. moreover, m. hyopneumoniae-induced activation of the mapk and nf-кb pathways by phosphorylation of erk1/2, p38 and jnk/sapk and by dissociation of iκb from nf-κb. translocation of transcription factor nf-κb and its binding was confirmed through western blot and electromobility shift assay. from these res ...201021104123
indices of non-specific and specific humoral immunity in pigs immunomodulated with the bioimmuno preparation and/or immunised with the respisure one vaccine against mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine.the purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the bioimmuno preparation administered in feed and/or immunisation with the respisure one vaccine on the development of selected indices of non-specific and specific humoral immune response against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) infections in pigs. the study was performed on 28 piglets at the age of 4 weeks, divided into four equal groups. the biopreparations were administered according to the following pattern: group i--bioimmuno (ifi o ...201021033558
symposium iii report: current status of veterinary vaccines.the 13th annual meeting of the japanese society of vaccinology convened the symposium on current status of veterinary vaccines on september 27, 2009 in sapporo, japan. a broad overview of veterinary vaccines from the past to the present and future as well as the latest developments such as erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for a platform vector for mucosa vaccine, inactivated avian influenza vaccine prepared from reassortant virus, and inactivated feline immunodeficiency ...201020888441
repeat regions r1 and r2 in the p97 paralogue mhp271 of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bind heparin, fibronectin and porcine cilia.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, adheres to ciliated respiratory epithelia resulting in ciliostasis and epithelial cell death. the cilium adhesin p97 (mhp183) contains two repeat regions, designated r1 and r2, that play key roles in adherence. eight pentapeptide repeats in r1 are sufficient to bind porcine cilia; however, both r1 and r2 are needed to bind heparin. mhp271, a paralogue of p97, is the only other m. hyopneumoniae protein to contain both r1 ...201020879998
validation of atp luminometry for rapid and accurate titration of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in friis medium and a comparison with the color changing units assay.limited reports are available on the growth response of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in friis medium and the routinely used color changing units (ccu) assay has not yet been profoundly compared with other titration methods. firstly, growth kinetics of 7 diverse m. hyopneumoniae isolates were followed by atp luminometry in five friis medium batches. secondly, results of the ccu and atp assays were compared hereby evaluating the methods. growth curves of all isolates had log, stationary and senescence ...201020851152
a processed multidomain mycoplasma hyopneumoniae adhesin binds fibronectin, plasminogen, and swine respiratory cilia.porcine enzootic pneumonia is a chronic respiratory disease that affects swine. the etiological agent of the disease, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, is a bacterium that adheres to cilia of the swine respiratory tract, resulting in loss of cilia and epithelial cell damage. a m. hyopneumoniae protein p116, encoded by mhp108, was investigated as a potential adhesin. examination of p116 expression using proteomic analyses observed p116 as a full-length protein and also as fragments, ranging from 17 to 70 ...201020813843
genetic diversity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolates from conventional farrow-to-finish pig farms in serbia.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a primary agent associated with mycoplasma pneumonia and the porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc). various reports have indicated that different strains of m. hyopneumoniae are circulating in the swine population. lysates from lung swabs from naturally infected pigs of different ages were tested according to a new variable number of tandem repeats (vntr) genetic typing method based on the polyserine repeat motif of the p146 lipoproteoadhesin, which can be applie ...201020713321
longitudinal study of respiratory infection patterns of breeding sows in five farrow-to-finish herds.a longitudinal study was carried out in five french farrow-to-finish herds differently affected by respiratory diseases to describe the carrying and infection patterns of batches of sows to various respiratory pathogens during gestation and lactation. an entire batch of sows was followed during two successive reproduction cycles. nasal, tonsillar and oro-pharyngeal swabs and blood samples were taken from each sow 9 and 4 weeks before farrowing and 1 and 4 weeks after farrowing. mycoplasma hyopne ...201120696539
use of a production region model to assess the efficacy of various air filtration systems for preventing airborne transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: results from a 2-year study.porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m hyo) are economically significant pathogens of pigs that can be spread between herds via the airborne route. as area/regional control and eradication programs for these pathogens move forward, it becomes critical to understand conditions associated with airborne transport and to develop strategies to reduce this risk. while merv 16-based air filtration is a potential intervention, it is costly and has onl ...201020667494
the effect of vaccination on the transmission of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs under field conditions.this study investigated the effect of vaccination against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on its transmission in nursery pigs under field conditions. seventy-two pigs were randomly allocated at weaning into vaccinated (v) and non-vaccinated (nv) groups. animals in the v group were vaccinated at 3 weeks of age with a commercial m. hyopneumoniae bacterin vaccine. broncho-alveolar lavage fluid taken at weaning and at the end of the nursery period was assessed for the presence of m. hyopneumoniae by nested ...201120605734
an experimental model to evaluate mycoplasma hyopneumoniae transmission from asymptomatic carriers to unvaccinated and vaccinated sentinel pigs.the objective of this study was to determine the effect of vaccinating susceptible animals on the transmission of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from experimentally infected pigs during the chronic phase of infection. thirty-six seeder pigs were experimentally infected with m. hyopneumoniae. eighty and 200 d post-infection (dpi) 18 seeder pigs were placed in direct contact with 15 vaccinated and 15 unvaccinated age-matched naïve animals. direct animal contact occurred over 14 d. pigs were euthanized a ...201020592848
vaccinating pigs against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection: failure to prevent transmission. 201120580293
mapping of quantitative trait loci for mycoplasma and tetanus antibodies and interferon-gamma in a porcine f(2) duroc x pietrain resource population.the aim of the present study was to detect quantitative trait loci (qtl) for innate and adaptive immunity in pigs. for this purpose, a duroc x pietrain f(2) resource population (dupi) with 319 offspring was used to map qtl for the immune traits blood antibodies and interferon-gamma using 122 microsatellites covering all autosomes. antibodies response to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and tetanus toxoid vaccine and the interferon-gamma (ifng) serum concentration were measured at three different time po ...201020567833
potential use of a recombinant replication-defective adenovirus vector carrying the c-terminal portion of the p97 adhesin protein as a vaccine against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in swine.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae causes severe economic losses to the swine industry worldwide and the prevention of its related disease, enzootic porcine pneumonia, remains a challenge. the p97 adhesin protein of m. hyopneumoniae should be a good candidate for the development of a subunit vaccine because antibodies produced against p97 could prevent the adhesion of the pathogen to the respiratory epithelial cells in vitro. in the present study, a p97 recombinant replication-defective adenovirus (radp97 ...201020472025
detection and quantification of intergenic transcription in mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasmas are thought to control gene expression through simple mechanisms. the switching mechanisms needed to regulate transcription during significant environmental shifts do not seem to be required for these host-adapted organisms. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, a swine respiratory pathogen, undergoes differential gene expression, but as for all mycoplasmas, the mechanisms involved are still unknown. since mycoplasmas contain only a single sigma factor and few regulator-type proteins, it is like ...201020430814
long-distance airborne transport of infectious prrsv and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from a swine population infected with multiple viral variants.airborne transport of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m hyo) has been reported out to 4.7 km. this study attempted to determine whether this event could occur over longer distances and across multiple viral variants. to accomplish this goal, a mixed infection of 3 prrsv variants (1-8-4, 1-18-2 and 1-26-2) and m hyo 232 was established in a source population of growing pigs. over 21-day period, air samples were collected from the source po ...201020418029
eradication of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from a swine finishing herd without total depopulation.using vaccination and medication, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo) was eradicated from a finishing herd without total depopulation. altogether 3243 feeder pigs originating from mhyo-free herds were vaccinated once using an inactivated, adjuvanted vaccine before transporting them to a mhyo-infected finishing herd. the mhyo-infected groups of pigs were medicated with antimicrobial agents at the time of the arrival of the first groups of mhyo-free, vaccinated feeder pigs. the groups were operated wi ...201120299256
an investigation of the pathology and pathogens associated with porcine respiratory disease complex in denmark.respiratory infections are among the most important diseases of growing pigs. in order to elucidate the multifactorial aetiology of porcine respiratory disease complex (prdc) in denmark, lungs from 148 finishing pigs with cranioventral bronchopneumonia (case group) and 60 pigs without lung lesions (control group) were collected from abattoirs. the pathogens involved in prdc and their interactions were identified and linked to the histopathological diagnosis. the lung samples were cultured for ba ...201020181357
occurrence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in suckling and nursery pigs in a region of high pig density.the occurrence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in young pigs was surveyed in a retrospective study of 1122 datasets obtained from routine diagnostics where either suckling or nursery pigs were examined for m hyopneumoniae in lung tissue. findings were correlated with the presence of lung lesions, detection of other respiratory pathogens, vaccination history and parameters describing the herd of origin. the prevalence of m hyopneumoniae in lung tissue from 201 suckling pigs was 2.0 per cen ...201020154309
a cross-sectional study of risk factors associated with pulmonary lesions in pigs at slaughter.a cross-sectional study was conducted to identify herd-level factors that may influence the prevalence and severity of macroscopically visible pulmonary lesions in pigs at slaughter. data were collected following abattoir inspection of 50 randomly-selected batches of 6335 pigs and by interviewing the producers. macroscopic lung lesions were identified and scored semi-quantitatively in ≥ 80 pigs/herd and the prevalence of pleuritis and pneumonia was 20.76% and 23.85%, respectively. following mult ...201120122861
efficacy of combined porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination in piglets.three vaccination challenge studies were performed to evaluate the impact on vaccine efficacy of combining porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines. piglets were vaccinated with either a m hyopneumoniae bacterin, a modified live prrsv vaccine based on a european-type prrsv strain, or a combination of both vaccines, followed by experimental infection with either m hyopneumoniae or prrsv. vaccine efficacy was evaluated by assessing lung lesi ...201020081177
serological, pathological and polymerase chain reaction studies on mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in the wild boar.there are evidences that wild boar and domestic pig populations share the vulnerability to certain pathogens and, in consequence, the risk of pathogen transmission. based on serological evidences, it is known that mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhyo) is able to infect the wild boar. however, if this infection causes lesions and disease in this species is still unknown. the objectives of the present study were to assess the seroprevalence to mhyo, as well as the rates of detection of mhyo (by nested p ...201020060659
development and validation of a siga-elisa for the detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection.an alternative indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae secretory iga (siga) antibody (siga-elisa) was developed using an adhesin (p97r1) of m. hyopneumoniae produced in escherichia coli. the siga-elisa assay was validated by the comparison with a nested-pcr assay and a commercial m. hyopneumoniae antibody detection kit (igg-elisa). two hundred and sixty nasal swab samples, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids or serum samples were prepared for si ...201020053508
estimation of the sensitivity of four sampling methods for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection in live pigs using a bayesian approach.four sampling techniques for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection, namely nasal swabbing, oral-pharyngeal brushing, tracheo-bronchial swabbing and tracheo-bronchial washing, were compared in naturally infected live pigs. in addition, a quantitative real-time pcr assay for m. hyopneumoniae quantification was validated with the same samples. 60 finishing pigs were randomly selected from a batch of contemporary pigs on a farm chronically affected by respiratory disorders. each pig was submitted to na ...201020036079
comparative proteomic analysis of pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains from the swine pathogen mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a highly infectious swine pathogen and is the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia (ep). following the previous report of a proteomic survey of the pathogenic 7448 strain of swine pathogen, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, we performed comparative protein profiling of three m. hyopneumoniae strains, namely the non-pathogenic j strain and the two pathogenic strains 7448 and 7422.200920025764
a study on the severity and relevance of porcine circovirus type 2 infections in dutch fattening pigs with respiratory diseases.this study was set up to get more insights in the severity and relevance of porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infections in dutch fattening farms in an endemic pcv2-situation with no clinical signs of post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). in part a of the study, in total 29 commercial fattening farms with varying percentages of pneumonia and pleurisy at slaughter were examined. blood samples were collected at random by cross-sectional sampling; 10 in the age of 10-12 weeks, 10 at th ...201019913367
characterization of a highly immunogenic mycoplasma hyopneumoniae lipoprotein mhp366 identified by peptide-spot array.enzootic pneumonia (ep) in pigs caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a highly prevalent, chronic respiratory disease, which causes considerable economic losses in the swine industry. most herds are vaccinated, but classical bacterin vaccines do not prevent colonization and it is not possible to detect flourishing m. hyopneumoniae infections in vaccinated herds since commonly used commercial elisas cannot differentiate infected from vaccinated animals. to solve this problem, new immunogenic prot ...201019913364
the tissue compatibility of different mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines is mainly dependent upon their adjuvants.aim of this study was to investigate the tissue compatibility of three differently adjuvated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines. local tissue reactions after an intramuscular injection of 2 ml doses of stellamune mycoplasma (oil-adjuvated; pfizer, karlsruhe, germany) and suvaxyn m.hyo (carbopol-adjuvated; fort dodge, würselen, germany) were examined in suckling and weaned piglets.the different effects of the injection volumes of 1 ml and 2 ml of the vaccine m+pac (aluminium hydroxide- and oil-adj ...200919863005
pleuritis in slaughter pigs: relations between lung lesions and bacteriology in 10 herds with high pleuritis.pleuritis in slaughter pigs has increased in recent years in the netherlands. the aim of the present study was to determine what respiratory pathogens were involved in pleuritis. in total, lungs of 968 slaughter pigs from 10 herds with high prevalence of pleuritis were morphologically examined for size, location, and type of lesions. moreover, histology and bacteriology were performed. examination of gross lung lesions showed 45% pleuritis, 14% pleuropneumonia and 38% catarrhal pneumonia. peribr ...201019836811
development of a quantitative real-time taqman pcr assay for determination of the minimal dose of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain 116 required to induce pneumonia in spf pigs.a triplex real-time pcr assay to quantify mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in specimens from live and dead pigs was developed and validated. the minimal dose of myc. hyopneumoniae required to induce pneumonia in specific pathogen-free pigs was determined.201019811567
cloning and purification of recombinant proteins of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae expressed in escherichia coli.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiological agent of swine enzootic pneumonia, is an important pathogen in the swine industry worldwide. vaccination is the most cost-effective strategy for controlling and prevention of this disease. however, investigations on pathogenicity mechanisms as well as current serological detection methods and the development of new recombinant subunit vaccines are hampered by the lack of known and well characterized species-specific m. hyopneumoniae antigens. in this wor ...201019747547
evaluation of the ability of tilmicosin to prevent adherence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to cilia using a differentiated swine respiratory epithelial culture system.mycoplasmal pneumonia caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a serious economic problem for swine producers in the united states. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonizes ciliated respiratory epithelial cells. the organism has been shown to be sensitive to tilmicosin, a synthetic macrolide, in antibiotic sensitivity assays. the efficacy of tilmicosin to inhibit adherence of m. hyopneumoniae to ciliated epithelial cells without direct contact between the antibiotic and the organism was evaluated using i ...200119746651
efficient site-directed mutagenesis using an overlap extension-pcr method for expressing mycoplasma hyopneumoniae genes in escherichia coli.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia and results in significant economic losses in swine production worldwide. vaccination is considered to be the most cost-effective strategy for control and prevention of this disease. however, the development of new recombinant subunit vaccines is often hampered by the unusual codon usage of this bacterium. to express m. hyopneumoniae proteins in heterologous systems such as escherichia coli, the tga codons that encode ...200919733599
proteomic analysis of the interactions between mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine tracheal ciliated cells.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae colonizes at the porcine respiratory-ciliated epithelial cells and causes the enzootic pneumonia of swine. the adhesion step is crucial in the colonization process. a few adhesion molecules have been characterized, and the concurrent receptors from the porcine ciliated cells have also been suggested to recognize the adhesion molecules. in the present study, the interactions between m. hyopneumoniae and porcine tracheal ciliated cells were investigated by employing the fa ...201019672722
effect of immunostimulation by detoxified e. coli lipopolysaccharide combined with inactivated propionibacterium granulosum cells on porcine immunity.the aim of this experiment was to evaluate the immunomodulating activities of inactivated propionibacterium granulosum cell walls and e. coli lipopolysaccharide (pg/lps) on porcine immunity. piglets were intramuscularly administered pg/lps (1 ml/10 kg body weight) once or twice. the function of natural killer cells, lymphocytes and neutrophils and the adjuvant effect on antibody induction by attenuated classical swine fever virus (csfv) and inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination were e ...200919652476
[construction of the recombinant adenovirus expressing the c-terminal of the mycoplasma hyopneumoniae p97 gene and its immune response].to construct recombinant adenovirus carrying c-terminal of the adhesion factor gene p97 of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) so as to provide basis for further studying new type mhp vaccine.200919621633
a peroxiredoxin from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae with a possible role in h2o2 detoxification.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the causative agent of porcine enzootic pneumonia, which affects pig farms worldwide, causing heavy economic losses. in the infection process, this bacterium is exposed to reactive oxygen species (ros) from its own metabolism or generated by the host as one of the strategies used to neutralize the pathogen. although the presence of classical antioxidant enzymes would be expected in m. hyopneumoniae, important genes directly related to protection against ros, such as s ...200919589831
risk factors associated with pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation in slaughter-aged pigs.examination of lung lesions at the slaughterhouse is a useful tool to estimate the importance of respiratory disease at farm, regional or national level. the objective of the present work was to describe the prevalence of gross lung lesions at slaughter, with a special focus on pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation, and to identify major risk factors for these lesions. data from 107 farms involving approximately 11,000 pigs enabled gross lung lesions to be correlated with serology ...201019527939
ascaris suum infection negatively affects the response to a mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccination and subsequent challenge infection in pigs.since their first introduction more than a century ago, vaccines have become one of the most cost-effective tools to prevent and manage infectious diseases in human and animal populations. it is vital to understand the possible mechanisms that may impair optimal vaccine efficacy. the hypothesis posed in this study was that a concurrent ascaris suum infection of pigs vaccinated with a mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mh) vaccine would modulate the protective immune response to a subsequent challenge inf ...200919524617
qtl for traits related to humoral immune response estimated from data of a porcine f2 resource population.this study aimed to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) for traits related to humoral innate immune defence. therefore, haemolytic complement activity in the alternative and the classical pathway, serum concentration of c3c and of haptoglobin (hp) were measured in blood samples obtained from f2 piglets (n = 457) of a porcine f2 resource population before and after mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, aujeszky's disease virus (suid herpesvirus i, suhvi) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ...200919490209
oral vaccination against mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine using a live erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae vaccine strain as a vector.erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae koganei 65-0.15 strain, the live swine erysipelas vaccine for subcutaneous injection, has been shown to colonize the tonsils of pigs after oral inoculation. we thus evaluated the possible use of the strain as a vector for oral vaccination against mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. recombinant e. rhusiopathiae strains expressing the c-terminal domain of the p97 adhesin of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were constructed and examined for vaccine efficacy in mice and pigs. mice s ...200919433128
identification of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-6 expression in lungs from pigs naturally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by in situ hybridization.the detection and distribution of interleukin-1 (il-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) and il-6 were studied, by in situ hybridization with a non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled probe, in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lung tissue from 10 pigs naturally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. the morphology of host cells was preserved despite the relatively high temperature required during the incubation procedure. examination of three serial sections from each of the 10 lung samples ...200919420846
evidence of long distance airborne transport of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.the ability of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to be transported over long distances via the airborne route was evaluated. a source population of 300 grow-finish pigs was experimentally inoculated with prrsv mn-184 and m. hyopneumoniae 232 and over a 50-day period, air samples were collected at designated distances from the source herd using a liquid cyclonic collector. samples were tested for the presence of prrsv rna and m. hyopneumoniae ...200919379664
pig-major acute phase protein and haptoglobin serum concentrations correlate with pcv2 viremia and the clinical course of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome.the aim of the present longitudinal study was to assess the evolution of two acute phase proteins (apps), pig-major acute phase protein (pig-map) and haptoglobin (hpt), in serum from pigs that developed postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws) in comparison to healthy and wasted non-pmws affected pigs. in addition, evidence of infection with other pathogens and its relation with variations in apps concentrations was also assessed. fourteen independent batches of 100-154 pigs were monito ...200919356864
histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in the lungs of pigs infected experimentally with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.pigs were infected intranasally with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and killed at intervals ranging from 7 to 35 days post-infection (dpi). histopathological changes consisted of (1) exudates in airways and alveolar lumina, (2) peribronchial and peribronchiolar lymphoid hyperplasia, and (3) enlargement of alveolar septa. these changes were particularly marked from 7 to 28dpi, coinciding with significant increases in the expression, detected immunohistochemically, of cytokines (il-1alpha, il-1beta, il- ...200919285314
proteomic comparative analysis of pathogenic strain 232 and avirulent strain j of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is an important pathogen of pigs causing enzootic pneumonia of swine. the pathogen remains largely enigmatic as far as the host-pathogen interactions are concerned. in the present study, the protein profiles of two strains of m. hyopneumoniae were compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. the results indicate that the major adhesin p97, the 50-kda protein derived from p159 adhesin, and the 43-kda cleavage product of p102 are expressed at much ...200919267678
in vivo virulence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolates does not correlate with in vitro adhesion assessed by a microtitre plate adherence assay.adherence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to the ciliated epithelial cells of the porcine respiratory tract is considered an important first step in the pathogenesis of enzootic pneumonia. it was the aim of this study to verify the usefulness of in vitro adhesion as a virulence marker.200919228252
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