Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| crystallization and preliminary x-ray study of isomaltodextranase from arthrobacter globiformis. | a recombinant isomaltodextranase (1,6-alpha-d-glucan isomaltohydrolase; ec 3.2.1.94) from an arthrobacter sp. that hydrolyzes dextrans to generate isomaltose was purified and crystallized using the sitting-drop vapour-diffusion method at 293 k. x-ray diffraction data were collected to 1.8 a. the crystals belong to space group c2, with unit-cell parameters a = 199.1, b = 62.7, c = 57.4, beta = 101.4 degrees. analysis of the patterson self-rotation function suggests that the crystal contains one p ... | 2004 | 14993697 |
| whole cell-enzyme hybrid amperometric biosensor for direct determination of organophosphorous nerve agents with p-nitrophenyl substituent. | in this paper, we reported the construction of a hybrid biosensor for direct, highly selective, sensitive, and rapid quantitative determination of organophosphate pesticides with p-nitrophenyl substituent using purified organophosphorus hydrolase (oph) for the initial hydrolysis and arthrobacter sp. js443 for subsequent p-nitrophenol oxidation. the biocatalytic layer was prepared by co-immobilizing arthrobacter sp. js443 and oph on a carbon paste electrode. oph catalyzed the hydrolysis of organo ... | 2004 | 14991648 |
| degradation of phenol and toxicity of phenolic compounds: a comparison of cold-tolerant arthrobacter sp. and mesophilic pseudomonas putida. | phenol degradation efficiency of cold-tolerant arthrobacter sp. ag31 and mesophilic pseudomonas putida dsm6414 was compared. the cold-tolerant strain was cultivated at 10 degrees c, while the mesophile was grown at 25 degrees c. both strains degraded 200 mg and 400 mg phenol/l within 48-72 h of cultivation, but the cold-tolerant strain produced more biomass than the mesophile. both strains oxidized catechol by the ortho type of ring fission. catechol 1,2 dioxygenase (c1,2d) activity was found in ... | 2004 | 14872323 |
| purification, characterization, and gene cloning of cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase from benzamide-assimilating arthrobacter sp. ba-5-17. | cis,cis-muconate cycloisomerase (mc) was purified to homogeneity from benzamide-assimilating arthrobacter sp. ba-5-17. the purified enzyme showed high activities for cis,cis-muconate and 3-methyl-cis,cis-muconate, and preferred the 3-substituted derivatives over the derivatives with the same substituent at the 2 position as a substrate. a gene encoding mc of strain ba-5-17 was cloned and named catb. the catb gene was clustered with catr encoding a putative lysr-type regulator, catc encoding a pu ... | 2004 | 14769475 |
| [a new aerobic gram-positive bacterium with a unique ability to degrade ortho- and para-chlorinated biphenyls]. | strain b51 capable of degrading polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) was isolated from soil contaminated with wastes from the chemical industry. based on its morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the strain was identified as a microbacterium sp. experiments with washed cells showed that strain b51 is able to degrade ortho- and para-substituted mono-, di-, and trichlorinated biphenyls (mcb, dcb, and tcb, respectively). unlike the known pcb degraders, microbacterium sp. b51 is able to oxidi ... | 2003 | 14768541 |
| bacterial populations associated with the oxidation and reduction of arsenic in an unsaturated soil. | microbial populations responsible for the oxidation and reduction of as were examined in unsaturated (aerobic) soil columns treated with 75 microm arsenite [as(iii)] or 250 microm arsenate [as(v)]. arsenite [as(iii)] was rapidly oxidized to as(v) via microbial activity, whereas no apparent reduction of as(v) was observed in the column experiments. eight aerobic heterotrophic bacteria with varying as redox phenotypes were isolated from the same columns. three isolates, identified as agrobacterium ... | 2004 | 14740724 |
| reconfirmation of antimicrobial activity in the coelomic fluid of the earthworm eisenia fetida andrei by colorimetric assay. | a novel tetrazolium salt, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulphophenyl)-2h-tetrazolium (mts) was used in the assessment of antimicrobial activity in earthworm in the presence of phenazine methosulphate (pms) as an electron coupling reagent. this activity was purified from the coelomic fluid of the earthworm (ecf), eisenia fetida andrei (oligochaeta, lumbricidae, annelids) using a series of column chromatography techniques and was tested against three gram-negative st ... | 2003 | 14660872 |
| influence of al on growth, cell size and content of intracellular water of arthrobacter sp. pi/1-95. | a distinct inhibition of the growth of a typical soil-born bacterium, arthrobacter sp. pi/1-95, by aluminium was established. the content of intracellular water and (consequently) the cell size of the bacterium significantly increased when cells came into contact with aluminium. both parameters were also increased when applying hcl, but al caused the greater change, so that a distinct discrimination between the effects of aluminium on the one hand and a sole ph-effect on the other hand was possi ... | 2003 | 14574119 |
| biotransformations of propenylbenzenes by an arthrobacter sp. and its t-anethole blocked mutants. | propenylbenzenes are often used as starting materials in the chemical synthesis of aroma compounds and fine chemicals. in the present study, we demonstrate the ability of an arthrobacter sp. to transform various structures of propenylbenzenes derived from essential oils to flavor, fragrance, and fine chemicals. arthrobacter strain ta13 and its t-anethole blocked mutants (incapable of growing on t-anethole) converted isoeugenol to vanillin and vanillic acid; and safrole to hydroxychavicol. high c ... | 2003 | 14511910 |
| microbial degradation of isopropyl-n-3 -chlorophenylcarbamate and 2-chloroethyl-n-3-chlorophenylcarbamate. | microbial degradation of isopropyl-n-3-chlorophenylcarbamate (cipc) and 2-chloroethyl-n-3-chlorophenylcarbamate (cepc) was observed in a soil perfusion system. degradation in perfused soils, and by pure cultures of effective bacterial isolates, was demonstrated by the production of 3-chloroaniline and the subsequent liberation of free chloride ion. identified isolates effective in degrading and utilizing cipc as a sole source of carbon included pseudomonas striata chester, a flavobacterium sp., ... | 1965 | 14325285 |
| adenosine diphosphate glucose-glycogen transglucosylase in arthrobacter sp. nrrl b 1973. | 1964 | 14205498 | |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of inorganic polyphosphate/atp-glucomannokinase from arthrobacter sp. strain km. | inorganic polyphosphate [poly(p)]/atp-glucomannokinase from arthrobacter sp. strain km phosphorylates glucose and mannose, utilizing both atp and poly(p) as phosphoryl donors. the enzyme was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified and crystallized by means of the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method with ammonium sulfate as the precipitant. the crystals were orthorhombic and belonged to space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 66.2, b = 83.7, c = 103.8 a. assuming two molecul ... | 2003 | 12925806 |
| cold adaptation of a psychrophilic chitinase: a mutagenesis study. | the gene encoding chitinase archib from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. tad20 has been expressed in escherichia coli and the recombinant enzyme purified to homogeneity. in an effort to engineer cold-adapted biocatalysts through rational redesign to operate at elevated temperatures, we performed several mutations aiming to increase the rigidity of the molecular edifice of the selected psychrophilic chitinase. the mutations were designed on the basis of a homology-based three-dimensional model of t ... | 2003 | 12915727 |
| the structure of 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coa thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. | the 4-chlorobenzoyl-coa dehalogenation pathway in certain arthrobacter and pseudomonas bacterial species contains three enzymes: a ligase, a dehalogenase, and a thioesterase. here we describe the high resolution x-ray crystallographic structure of the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coa thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. the tetrameric enzyme is a dimer of dimers with each subunit adopting the so-called "hot dog fold" composed of six strands of anti-parallel beta-sheet flanked on one side by a rathe ... | 2003 | 12907670 |
| [xylose(glucose) isomerase reactivity of immobilized arthrobacter sp]. | the study of the xylose/glucose isomerase-containing arthrobacter sp. b-5 cells immobilized in cobalt hydroxide gel showed that immobilization increases the substrate affinity of the enzyme, its thermo- and ph-optima of action and stability, and makes unnecessary the addition of stabilizing cobalt ions to the isomerization medium. | 2003 | 12901016 |
| mode of action and antifungal properties of two cold-adapted chitinases. | the mode of action of two chitinases from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. strain tad20 on n-acetyl-chitooligomers and chitin polymers has been elucidated. identification of the length of chitin oligomers following enzymatic hydrolysis was verified by using hplc-based analysis. it was observed that the length of the oligomer is important for enzyme action. the enzymes cannot effectively hydrolyze chitin oligomers with a degree of polymerization lower than four. archia is an endochitinase which hyd ... | 2003 | 12884086 |
| catabolism of arylboronic acids by arthrobacter nicotinovorans strain pba. | arthrobacter sp. strain pba metabolized phenylboronic acid to phenol. the oxygen atom in phenol was shown to be derived from the atmosphere using (18)o(2). 1-naphthalene-, 2-naphthalene-, 3-cyanophenyl-, 2,5-fluorophenyl-, and 3-thiophene-boronic acids were also transformed to monooxygenated products. the oxygen atom in the product was bonded to the ring carbon atom originally bearing the boronic acid substituent with all the substrates tested. | 2003 | 12839810 |
| characterization and molecular cloning of a novel enzyme, inorganic polyphosphate/atp-glucomannokinase, of arthrobacter sp. strain km. | a bacterium exhibiting activities of several inorganic polyphosphate [poly(p)]- and atp-dependent kinases, including glucokinase, nad kinase, mannokinase, and fructokinase, was isolated, determined to belong to the genus arthrobacter, and designated arthrobacter sp. strain km. among the kinases, a novel enzyme responsible for the poly(p)- and atp-dependent mannokinase activities was purified 2,200-fold to homogeneity from a cell extract of the bacterium. the purified enzyme was a monomer with a ... | 2003 | 12839753 |
| a novel enzyme, d-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase from paracoccus denitrificans ifo 13301: purification, characterization, and gene cloning. | a novel enzyme, d-3-hydroxyaspartate aldolase (d-haa), catalyzing the conversion of d-3-hydroxyaspartate to glyoxylate plus glycine, was purified to homogeneity from paracoccus denitrificans ifo 13301. d-haa is strictly d-specific as to the alpha-position, whereas the enzyme does not distinguish between threo and erythro forms at the beta-position. in addition to d-3-hydroxyaspartate, the enzyme also acts on d-threonine, d-3-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine, d-3-3,4-methylenedioxyphenylserine, and d-3- ... | 2003 | 12835921 |
| toxicity of hexavalent chromium and its reduction by bacteria isolated from soil contaminated with tannery waste. | an arthrobacter sp. and a bacillus sp., isolated from a long-term tannery waste contaminated soil, were examined for their tolerance to hexavalent chromium [cr(vi)] and their ability to reduce cr(vi) to cr(iii), a detoxification process in cell suspensions and cell extracts. both bacteria tolerated cr(vi) at 100 mg/ml on a minimal salts agar medium supplemented with 0.5% glucose, but only arthrobacter could grow in liquid medium at this concentration. arthrobacter sp. could reduce cr(vi) up to 5 ... | 2003 | 12783193 |
| ahld, an n-acylhomoserine lactonase in arthrobacter sp., and predicted homologues in other bacteria. | quorum sensing is a signalling mechanism that controls diverse biological functions, including virulence, via n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) signal molecules in gram-negative bacteria. with the aim of isolating strains or enzymes capable of blocking quorum sensing by inactivating ahl, bacteria were screened for ahl degradation by their ability to utilize n-3-oxohexanoyl-l-homoserine lactone (ohhl) as the sole carbon source. among four isolates, strain ibn110, identified as arthrobacter sp., was ... | 2003 | 12777494 |
| d-arginase of arthrobacter sp. kuj 8602: characterization and its identity with zn(2+)-guanidinobutyrase. | d-arginase activity was found in the cells of an isolate, arthrobacter sp. kuj 8602, grown in the l-arginine medium, and the enzyme was purified and characterized. its molecular weight was estimated to be about 232,000 by gel filtration, and that of the subunit was approximately 40,000 by sds-page, suggesting that the enzyme is a homohexamer. the enzyme acted on not only d-arginine but also 4-guanidinobutyrate, 3-guanidinopropionate and even l-arginine. the v(max)/k(m) values for 4-guanidinobuty ... | 2003 | 12761196 |
| characterization of the 4-hydroxybenzoyl-coenzyme a thioesterase from arthrobacter sp. strain su. | the arthrobacter sp. strain su 4-chlorobenzoate (4-cba) dehalogenation pathway converts 4-cba to 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-hba). the pathway operon contains the genes fcba, fcbb, and fcbc (a. schmitz, k. h. gartemann, j. fiedler, e. grund, and r. eichenlaub, appl. environ. microbiol. 58:4068-4071, 1992). genes fcba and fcbb encode 4-cba-coenzyme a (coa) ligase and 4-cba-coa dehalogenase, respectively, whereas the function of fcbc is not known. we subcloned fcbc and expressed it in escherichia coli, a ... | 2003 | 12732540 |
| isolation and characterization of an atrazine-degrading bacterium from industrial wastewater in china. | to isolate and characterize atrazine-degrading bacteria in order to identify suitable candidates for potential use in bioremediation of atrazine contamination. | 2003 | 12680937 |
| agar-plated bacteria found in the activated sludge of lab-scale sbr and cfstr systems. | we identified and compared the predominant agar-plated bacteria in the activated sludge of two popular wastewater treatment systems, the sequencing batch reactor (sbr) and the continuous-flow stirred tank reactor (cfstr). all tests had the same feed composition except for the buffer intensity. it was found that corynebacterium sp. seemed to prefer growing under lower buffer condition, and arthrobacter sp. grew dominantly in the system with higher buffer intensity. gram-negative bacteria appeared ... | 2003 | 12676503 |
| dimethylphthalate hydrolysis by specific microbial esterase. | two bacterial strains: arthrobacter sp. and sphingomonas paucimobilis were isolated from soil by enrichment cultures using dimethylphthalate (dmp) or monomethylphthalate (mmp) as sole carbon source, respectively. dmp was rapidly transformed by an arthrobacter sp. culture with formation of mmp and phthalic acid (pa) which is further degraded. this strain was unable to hydrolyse mmp. a mechanism of degradation of dmp was proposed with two ways: dmp-->pa and dmp-->mmp. the s. paucimobilis strain hy ... | 2003 | 12668024 |
| evaluation of broiler litter with reference to the microbial composition as assessed by using 16s rrna and functional gene markers. | very little is known about the microbial composition of animal bedding wastes, including poultry litter, and what is known has been deduced from standard culture methods, by which some fastidious organisms that exist in the environment may not be detected. we evaluated the bacterial composition of poultry litter by using a combination of culture and molecular detection. total aerobic bacteria in poultry litter were detected by culture at 10(9) cfu/g of material. enteric bacteria such as enteroco ... | 2003 | 12571010 |
| [the solubilization of four insoluble phosphates by some microorganisms]. | four insoluble phosphates of ferric phosphate (fe-p), aluminum phosphate (al-p), fluorapatite (fap) and rock phosphate (rp) were used as a sole phosphorus resource for some phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms. it was found that there was significant difference in solubilizing these phosphates by the tested isolates. the fungi normally were more powerful than the bacteria in dissolving the phsophates. the microorganisms generally solubilized more phosphate when supplied with no3- than with nh4+ ... | 2002 | 12557403 |
| [microbial succession on lignite along with weathering]. | six different weathered lignite samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy. few microorganisms were observed on lignit just excavated and only spores and short hyphae were observed on lignite samples excavated 5 months, 1 year and 4 years before sampling. when lignite samples were moistened with distilled water and incubated for 10 days, actinomycetes proliferated significantly on lignite samples that were just excavated or excavated 5 months before sampling. the growth of bacteria wa ... | 1998 | 12548918 |
| mrna differential display in a microbial enrichment culture: simultaneous identification of three cyclohexanone monooxygenases from three species. | mrna differential display has been used to identify cyclohexanone oxidation genes in a mixed microbial community derived from a wastewater bioreactor. thirteen dna fragments randomly amplified from the total rna of an enrichment subculture exposed to cyclohexanone corresponded to genes predicted to be involved in the degradation of cyclohexanone. nine of these dna fragments are part of genes encoding three distinct baeyer-villiger cyclohexanone monooxygenases from three different bacterial speci ... | 2003 | 12514013 |
| biodegradation of the mixture of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, and phenol by a defined mixed culture. | two new strains, pseudomonas sp. tcp114 degrading 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (tcp) and arthrobacter sp. cpr706 degrading 4-chlorophenol (4-cp), were isolated through a selective enrichment procedure. both strains could also degrade phenol. the degradability of one component by a pure culture was strongly affected by the presence of other compounds in the medium. for example, when all three components (tcp, 4-cp, and phenol) were present in the medium, a pure culture of cpr706 could not degrade any of ... | 1997 | 12501340 |
| simultaneous horizontal gene transfer of a gene coding for ribosomal protein l27 and operational genes in arthrobacter sp. | phylogenetic analysis of bacterial l27 ribosomal proteins showed that, against taxonomy, the l27 protein from the actinobacteria arthrobacter sp. clusters with protein sequences from the bacillus group. the l27 gene clusters in the arthrobacter sp. genome with six genes responsible for creatinine and sarcosine degradation. phylogenetic analyses of orthologue proteins encoded by three of these genes also showed a phylogenetic relationship with bacillus species. comparisons between the synonymous ... | 2002 | 12486522 |
| purification and characterization of aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. | aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase was purified to essentially homogeneity from putrescine-grown cells of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. the molecular weights of the enzyme and its subunit were 201,000 and 51,000, respectively, suggesting that the enzyme is a tetramer of identical subunits. the apparent michaelis constants (k(m)) for 4-aminobutyraldehyde, 3-aminopropionaldehyde and 4-guanidinobutyraldehyde were approximately 65, 150, and 85 microm, respectively. linear fatty aldehydes also tested were le ... | 2002 | 12186751 |
| l-methionine degradation potentialities of cheese-ripening microorganisms. | volatile sulphur compounds are major flavouring compounds in many traditional fermented foods including cheeses. these compounds are products of the catabolism of l-methionine by cheese-ripening microorganisms. the diversity of l-methionine degradation by such microorganisms, however, remains to be characterized. the objective of this work was to compare the capacities to produce volatile sulphur compounds by five yeasts, geotrichum candidum, yarrowia lipolytica, kluyveromyces lactis, debaryomyc ... | 2001 | 11928962 |
| isolation, characterization and diuron transformation capacities of a bacterial strain arthrobacter sp. n2. | a bacterial strain able to transform diuron was isolated from a soil by enrichment procedures. strain isolation was realized by plating on minimal-agarose medium spread with this herbicide and selecting the colonies surrounded by a clear thin halo. one strain was characterized and identified as an arthrobacter sp. it metabolized diuron and the final transformation product, 3,4-dichloroaniline, was produced in stoichiometric amounts. the transformation of diuron at different concentrations was mo ... | 2002 | 11838431 |
| biotransformation of phenylurea herbicides by a soil bacterial strain, arthrobacter sp. n2: structure, ecotoxicity and fate of diuron metabolite with soil fungi. | in order to assess the influence of the aromatic substitution on the ability of a soil bacterial strain, arthrobacter sp. n2, to degrade phenylurea herbicides, biotransformation assays were performed in mineral medium with resting cells of this soil bacterial strain on three phenylurea herbicides (diuron, chlorotoluron and isoproturon). each herbicide considered, led to the formation of only one metabolite detected by hplc analysis. after isolation, the metabolites were identified by nmr and ms, ... | 2002 | 11838430 |
| repeated inoculation as a strategy for the remediation of low concentrations of phenanthrene in soil. | phenanthrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, becomes increasingly unavailable to microorganisms for degradation as it ages in soil. consequently, many bioaugmentation efforts to remediate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil have failed. we studied the effect of repeatedly inoculating a soil with a phenanthrene-degrading arthrobacter sp. on the mineralization kinetics of low concentrations of phenanthrene. after the first inoculation, the initial mineralization rate of 50 ng/g phenanthre ... | 2001 | 11826901 |
| the trans-anethole degradation pathway in an arthrobacter sp. | a bacterial strain (ta13) capable of utilizing t-anethole as the sole carbon source was isolated from soil. the strain was identified as arthrobacter aurescens based on its 16 s rrna gene sequence. key steps of the degradation pathway of t-anethole were identified by the use of t-anethole-blocked mutants and specific inducible enzymatic activities. in addition to t-anethole, strain ta13 is capable of utilizing anisic acid, anisaldehyde, and anisic alcohol as the sole carbon source. t-anethole-bl ... | 2002 | 11805095 |
| [strains of pseudomonas fluorescens 3 and arthrobacter sp. 2--degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons]. | pseudomonas fluorescences 3 and arthrobacter sp. 2 strains were isolated from the association of microorganisms--destructors of oil hydrocarbons and were selected for their ability to grow on media with phenanthrene as the only source of carbon and energy. the p. fluorescens 3 strain is able to grow on naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, and anthracene. arthrobacter sp. 2 strain did not grow on naphthalene, but was able to destruct phenanthrene and fluorene. the destruction activity of these st ... | 2001 | 11785266 |
| a highly efficient transposon mutagenesis system for the tomato pathogen clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis. | a transposon mutagenesis system for clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis was developed based on antibiotic resistance transposons that were derived from the insertion element is1409 from arthrobacter sp. strain tm1 ncib12013. as a prerequisite, the electroporation efficiency was optimized by using unmethylated dna and treatment of the cells with glycine such that about 5 x 10(6) transformants per microg of dna were generally obtained. electroporation of c. michiganensis subsp. michigan ... | 2001 | 11763129 |
| crystal structure and mechanism of catalysis of a pyrazinamidase from pyrococcus horikoshii. | bacterial pyrazinamidase (pzaase)/nicotinamidase converts pyrazinamide (pza) to ammonia and pyrazinoic acid, which is active against mycobacterium tuberculosis. loss of pzaase activity is the major mechanism of pyrazinamide-resistance by m. tuberculosis. we have determined the crystal structure of the gene product of pyrococcus horikoshii 999 (ph999), a pzaase, and its complex with zinc ion by x-ray crystallography. the overall fold of ph999 is similar to that of n-carbamoylsarcosine amidohydrol ... | 2001 | 11714269 |
| bulk and rhizosphere soil bacterial communities studied by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis: plant-dependent enrichment and seasonal shifts revealed. | the bacterial rhizosphere communities of three host plants of the pathogenic fungus verticillium dahliae, field-grown strawberry (fragaria ananassa duch.), oilseed rape (brassica napus l.), and potato (solanum tuberosum l.), were analyzed. we aimed to determine the degree to which the rhizosphere effect is plant dependent and whether this effect would be increased by growing the same crops in two consecutive years. rhizosphere or soil samples were taken five times over the vegetation periods. to ... | 2001 | 11571180 |
| modeling of copper biosorption by arthrobacter sp. in a uf/mf membrane reactor. | copper biosorption by arthrobacter sp. has been studied in this work. the process has been realized inside of a ultrafiltration/microfiltration (uf/mf) reactor in order to confine cells. a mathematical model has been developed that is able to predict experimental data under different operating conditions. the model takes into account different phenomena, which might occur during the process, such as a dependence of equilibrium parameters on ph, a partial cell disruption, and a change in the memb ... | 2001 | 11478261 |
| trehalose-producing operon treyz from arthrobacter ramosus s34. | arthrobacter ramosus s34, which produces trehalose from maltooligosaccharide, was isolated. a trehalose-producing operon, treyz, was cloned from the genome. expression experiments with trey and trez confirmed that they coded malto-oligosyltrehalose synthase and malto-oligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase, respectively. the amino acid sequence of trey from a. ramosus s34 and that from arthrobacter sp. q36 did not show high identity, nor did those of trez. | 2001 | 11471747 |
| purification and characterization of carbaryl hydrolase from arthrobacter sp. rc100. | a carbaryl hydrolase was purified to homogeneity from arthrobacter sp. strain rc100 by protamine sulfate treatment, ammonium sulfate precipitation, and hydrophobic, anion-exchange, and gel filtration chromatographies. the native enzyme had a molecular mass of 100 kda and was composed of two identical subunits with molecular masses of 51 kda. the hydrolase activity was strongly inhibited by difp, pmsf, hg(2+) and paraoxon but not by edta. the optimum ph and temperature for the enzyme activity wer ... | 2001 | 11445174 |
| isolation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb)-degrading microorganisms and characterization of phb-depolymerase from arthrobacter sp. strain w6. | microbial degraders of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (phb) were isolated from soil. arthrobacter sp. strain w6 used not only phb as a carbon source, but also phas such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[5%]3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[14%]3-hydroxyvalerate), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[22%]3-hydroxyvalerate). phb-depolymerase was purified to homogeneity from the culture broth of arthrobacter sp. strain w6 by a procedure involving deae- and butyl-toyopearl column chromatographies. the m ... | 2001 | 11440137 |
| modular structure, local flexibility and cold-activity of a novel chitobiase from a psychrophilic antarctic bacterium. | the gene archb encoding for the cell-bound chitobiase from the antarctic gram-positive bacterium arthrobacter sp. tad20 was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli in a soluble form. the mature chitobiase archb possesses four functionally independent domains: a catalytic domain stabilized by ca(2+), a galactose-binding domain and an immunoglobulin-like domain followed by a cell-wall anchorage signal, typical of cell-surface proteins from gram-positive bacteria. binding of saccharides was analyz ... | 2001 | 11428890 |
| separation of listeria from cheese and enrichment media using antibody-coated microbeads and centrifugation. | an immunoseparation system for the separation of listeria from enriched cheese samples was developed. the system utilizes polystyrene microbeads (3.8 microm in diameter) coated with covalently bound anti-listeria genus-specific antibody. the beads were incubated with cheese enriched in half-fraser broth and the bead-bacterial complex was separated by centrifugation at 110 g then spread on selective agar plates. although cross-reactivity with certain gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus saproph ... | 2001 | 11412914 |
| reaction kinetics and modeling of the enzyme-catalyzed production of lactosucrose using beta-fructofuranosidase from arthrobacter sp. k-1. | lactosucrose synthesis from sucrose and lactose was carried out by using beta-fructofuranosidase from arthrobacter sp. k-1. the transfructosylation mechanism was found to be of an ordered bi-bi type in which sucrose was bound first to the enzyme and lactosucrose was released last. hydrolysis side-reaction experiments indicated that the reactions were uncompetitively inhibited by glucose and lactose, while no inhibition by fructose was apparent. the overall reaction rates were formulated. the rea ... | 2001 | 11388450 |
| isolation and characterization of is1409, an insertion element of 4-chlorobenzoate-degrading arthrobacter sp. strain tm1, and development of a system for transposon mutagenesis. | a new insertion element of 1,449 bp with 25-bp perfect terminal repeats, designated is1409, was identified in the chromosome of 4-chlorobenzoate-degrading arthrobacter sp. strain tm1 ncib12013. upon insertion, is1409 causes a target duplication of 8 bp. is1409 carries only a single open reading frame of 435 codons encoding the transposase tnpa. both tnpa and the overall organization of is1409 are highly similar to those of some related insertion elements of the isl3 group (j. mahillon and m. cha ... | 2001 | 11371537 |
| enzyme activity determination on macromolecular substrates by isothermal titration calorimetry: application to mesophilic and psychrophilic chitinases. | isothermal titration calorimetry has been applied to the determination of the kinetic parameters of chitinases (ec 3.2.1.14) by monitoring the heat released during the hydrolysis of chitin glycosidic bonds. experiments were carried out using two different macromolecular substrates: a soluble polymer of n-acetylglucosamine and the insoluble chitin from crab shells. different experimental temperatures were used in order to compare the thermodependence of the activity of two chitinases from the psy ... | 2001 | 11342059 |
| how big is a bacterium? approximation to a correct total cell density of arthrobacter sp. | 2001 | 11317979 | |
| [comparative study of xylose(glucose) isomerase synthesis in arthrobacter strains]. | the substrate specificity of isomerases produced by six strains of arthrobacter sp. was studied. the role of utilizable carbon sources in controlling enzyme biosynthesis was established. all of the strains studied were found to produce xylose isomerases efficiently, converting d-xylose into d-xylulose and d-glucose into d-fructose. all but a. ureafaciens b-6 strains showed low activity toward d-ribose, arthrobacter sp. b-5 was slightly active toward l-arabinose, and a. ureafaciens b-6 and arthro ... | 2000 | 11314651 |
| analysis of bacterial community structure in sulfurous-oil-containing soils and detection of species carrying dibenzothiophene desulfurization (dsz) genes. | the selective effects of sulfur-containing hydrocarbons, with respect to changes in bacterial community structure and selection of desulfurizing organisms and genes, were studied in soil. samples taken from a polluted field soil (a) along a concentration gradient of sulfurous oil and from soil microcosms treated with dibenzothiophene (dbt)-containing petroleum (fsl soil) were analyzed. analyses included plate counts of total bacteria and of dbt utilizers, molecular community profiling via soil d ... | 2001 | 11229891 |
| [two different fermentation techniques of steriod 1,4-dehydrogenation and 11 alpha-hydroxylation]. | two kinds of micro-organism, arthrobacter sp. ax86(1,4-dehdrogenator) and absidia sp. a28(11 alpha-hydroxylator) were used in this experiment. two different fermentation techniques were performed to accomplish the multiple conversional reactions for producing 16 beta-methyl-11 alpha,17 alpha,21-trihydroxy-1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione(iii) from 16 beta-methyl-3 beta,17 alpha,21-trihydroxy-5 alpha-pregnane-20-one-21-acetate(i): 1) to produce product(iii) by means of a two-step fermentation method wh ... | 2000 | 11191778 |
| purification and characterization of aminopropionaldehyde dehydrogenase from arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. | aminopropionaldehyde dehydrogenase was purified to apparent homogeneity from 1,3-diaminopropane-grown cells of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. the native molecular mass and the subunit molecular mass of the enzyme were approximately 20,5000 and 52,000, respectively, suggesting that the enzyme is a tetramer of identical subunits. the apparent michaelis constant (k(m)) for 1,3-diaminopropane was approximately 3 microm. the enzyme equally used both nad(+) and nadp(+) as coenzymes. the apparent k(m) values ... | 2001 | 11179651 |
| study of the structure-activity relationships for the pyrazinamidase (pnca) from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | in an attempt to investigate the molecular basis of pyrazinamide hydrolysis by the pnca protein from mycobacterium tuberculosis, we determined the pyrazinamidase activity of nine pnca mutants bearing a single amino acid substitution. among them, three mutants (d8g, k96t and s104r) had virtually no activity (< or =0.004 unit/mg), five (f13s, t61p, p69l, y103s and a146v) retained a low level of activity (0.06-0.25 unit/mg) and one (t167l) exhibited a wild-type activity (1.51 units/mg). the possibl ... | 2001 | 11171040 |
| cloning, sequences, and characterization of two chitinase genes from the antarctic arthrobacter sp. strain tad20: isolation and partial characterization of the enzymes. | arthrobacter sp. strain tad20, a chitinolytic gram-positive organism, was isolated from the sea bottom along the antarctic ice shell. arthrobacter sp. strain tad20 secretes two major chitinases, chia and chib (archia and archib), in response to chitin induction. a single chromosomal dna fragment containing the genes coding for both chitinases was cloned in escherichia coli. dna sequencing analysis of this fragment revealed two contiguous open reading frames coding for the precursors of archia (8 ... | 2001 | 11160110 |
| bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated soil using carvone and surfactant-grown bacteria. | partial bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb)-contaminated soil was achieved by repeated applications of pcb-degrading bacteria and a surfactant applied 34 times over an 18-week period. two bacterial species, arthrobacter sp. strain b1b and ralstonia eutrophus h850, were induced for pcb degradation by carvone and salicylic acid, respectively, and were complementary for the removal of different pcb congeners. a variety of application strategies was examined utilizing a surfactant, sorb ... | 2000 | 11152078 |
| gene cloning and overproduction of low-specificity d-threonine aldolase from alcaligenes xylosoxidans and its application for production of a key intermediate for parkinsonism drug. | the dtaax gene encoding a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (pyridoxal-p)-dependent low-specificity d-threonine aldolase was cloned from the chromosomal dna of alcaligenes xylosoxidans ifo 12669. it contains an open reading frame consisting of 1,134 nucleotides corresponding to 377 amino acid residues. the predicted amino acid sequence displayed 54% identity with that of d-threonine aldolase from gram-positive bacteria arthrobacter sp. dk-38, but showed no significant similarity with those of other known p ... | 2000 | 10952004 |
| difructose anhydrides: their mass-production and physiological functions. | difructose anhydrides (dfas) are the smallest cyclic disaccharides consisting of two fructose residues, and are expected to have novel physiological functions from their unique structures and properties. for mass-production of alpha-d-fructofuranose-beta-d-fructofuranose-2',1:2,3'-dianhydride (dfa iii) and beta-d-fructofuranose-beta-d-fructofuranose-2',6:2,6'-dianhydride (dfa iv), arthrobacter sp. h65-7 and a. nicotinovorans gs-9 were selected as the best producers of inulase ii, which produced ... | 2000 | 10945246 |
| inverting enantioselectivity by directed evolution of hydantoinase for improved production of l-methionine. | using directed evolution, we have improved the hydantoinase process for production of l-methionine (l-met) in escherichia coli. this was accomplished by inverting the enantioselectivity and increasing the total activity of a key enzyme in a whole-cell catalyst. the selectivity of all known hydantoinases for d-5-(2-methylthioethyl)hydantoin (d-mteh) over the l-enantiomer leads to the accumulation of intermediates and reduced productivity for the l-amino acid. we used random mutagenesis, saturatio ... | 2000 | 10700149 |
| kinetic studies of the mechanism of carbon-hydrogen bond breakage by the heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase of arthrobacter sp. 1-in. | the reaction of heterotetrameric sarcosine oxidase (tsox) of arthrobactor sp. 1-in has been studied by stopped-flow spectroscopy, with particular emphasis on the reduction of the enzyme by sarcosine. expression of the cloned gene encoding tsox in escherichia coli enables the production of tsox on a scale suitable for stopped-flow studies. treatment of the enzyme with sulfite provides the means for selective formation of a flavin-sulfite adduct with the covalent 8alpha-(n(3)-histidyl)-fmn. format ... | 2000 | 10684595 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding a glycogen debranching enzyme in the trehalose operon from arthrobacter sp. q36. | a gene located just upstream of the treyz operon was isolated from arthrobacter sp. strain q36. the gene, designated trex, encoded an 823-amino acid protein. the amino acid sequence of the protein had 50% identity with the trex protein (isoamylase) from sulfolobus acidocaldarius atcc 33909 which has a trezxy operon on the genome. we suggest that arthrobacter trex is an isoamylase gene, and that it is a component of a trexyz operon. | 2000 | 10669803 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the gene for glucodextranase from arthrobacter globiformis t-3044 and expression in escherichia coli cells. | the gld gene for glucodextranase from arthrobacter globiformis t-3044 was cloned by using a combination of gene walking and probe methods and expressed on the recombinant plasmid pgd8, which was constructed with puc118, in escherichia coli cells. the enzyme gene consisted of a unique open reading frame of 3,153 bp. the comparison of the dna sequence data with the n-terminal and 6 internal amino acid sequences of the purified enzyme secreted from a. globiformis t-3044 suggested the enzyme was tra ... | 1999 | 10664850 |
| the use of fatty acid methyl ester analysis (fame) for the identification of heterotrophic bacteria present on three mural paintings showing severe damage by microorganisms. | mural paintings in carmona (spain), herberstein (austria) and greene (germany), showing visible deterioration by microorganisms, were sampled to investigate the biodiversity of the heterotrophic bacteria present. four hundred twenty-eight bacterial strains were isolated from which 385 were characterized by fatty acid methyl ester analysis (fame). the isolates were grouped into 41 clusters on the basis of their fame profiles, 20 isolates remained ungrouped. the majority (94%) of the isolates comp ... | 1999 | 10564789 |
| molecular cloning of isomaltotrio-dextranase gene from brevibacterium fuscum var. dextranlyticum strain 0407 and its expression in escherichia coli. | the gene encoding an extracellular isomaltotrio-dextranase (imtd), designed dext, was cloned from the chromosomal dna of brevibacterium fuscum var. dextranlyticum strain 0407, and expressed in escherichia coli. a single open reading frame consisting of 1923 base pairs that encoded a polypeptide composed of a signal peptide of 37 amino acids and a mature protein of 604 amino acids (m(r), 68,300) was found. the primary structure had no significant similarity with the structure of two other reporte ... | 1999 | 10540747 |
| assessment of bacterial community structure in soil by polymerase chain reaction and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. | bacterial community structure was studied in a flevo silt loam (fsl) soil microplot, as well as in 15 other soils, by using dna extraction followed by molecular fingerprinting. total community dna was extracted and purified by a direct method, which yielded amplifiable dna of high molecular weight for all soils. a variable region of the 16s rrna gene was then amplified by pcr with bacterial primers, resulting in a mixture of amplicons separable via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). ... | 1999 | 10520580 |
| a practicable and accurate method to differentiate between intra- and extracellular water of microbial cells. | a thermographimetric method which allows for a quick and accurate estimation of intra- and extracellular water of microbial cells is reviewed and improved. knowledge of these fractions is important for physiological as well as for toxicological investigations. results of the study indicate that besides the species, nutrient availability and growth conditions affect the intracellular water content. intra- and extracellular water, dry matter, volume and density of a single cell of arthrobacter sp. ... | 1999 | 10483732 |
| biodegradation of 2-methyl, 2-ethyl, and 2-hydroxypyridine by an arthrobacter sp. isolated from subsurface sediment. | a bacterium capable of degrading 2-methylpyridine was isolated by enrichment techniques from subsurface sediments collected from an aquifer located at an industrial site that had been contaminated with pyridine and pyridine derivatives. the isolate, identified as an arthrobacter sp., was capable of utilizing 2-methylpyridine, 2-ethylpyridine, and 2-hydroxypyridine as primary c, n, and energy sources. the isolate was also able to utilize 2-, 3-, and 4-hydroxybenzoate, gentisic acid, protocatechui ... | 1999 | 10466198 |
| manipulation of the dna coding for the desulphurizing activity in a new isolate of arthrobacter sp. | a new bacterial strain able to cleave c-s bonds from organosulphur heterocyclic compounds through the 4-s pathway and tentatively classified as arthrobacter sp. was recently isolated. in the present short article we describe the cloning and the characterization of the dna encoding the enzymes responsible for desulphurization in this microorganism, referred to as arthrobacter sp. ds7. the desulphurization operon was found to be located in a large plasmid that also bears the genes conferring cadmi ... | 1999 | 10461378 |
| a new route to l-threo-3-[4-(methylthio)phenylserine], a key intermediate for the synthesis of antibiotics: recombinant low-specificity d-threonine aldolase-catalyzed stereospecific resolution. | a new enzymatic resolution process was established for the production of l-threo-3-[4-(methylthio)phenylserine] (mtps), an intermediate for synthesis of antibiotics, florfenicol and thiamphenicol, using the recombinant low-specificity d-threonine aldolase from arthrobacter sp. dk-38. chemically synthesized dl-threo-mtps was efficiently resolved with either the purified enzyme or the intact recombinant escherichia coli cells overproducing the enzyme. under the optimized experimental conditions, 1 ... | 1999 | 10390816 |
| uptake of the herbicidal glyphosate by escherichia coli k-12. | the uptake of the aminoacid biosynthesis inhibitor, used as the broad-spectrum herbicide ingredient, glyphosate (n-[phosphonomethyl]-glycine) was investigated in e. coli as a model to study mechanisms of cell resistance to antimetabolites as drugs and pesticides. unlike the glyphosate-degrading arthrobacter sp. strain for which the first successful measurement of glyphosate uptake and its inhibition by orthophosphate was reported, e. coli k-12 cannot take up this inhibitor either in the presence ... | 1999 | 10379906 |
| fractal analysis to discriminate between biotic and abiotic attacks on chalcopyrite and pyrolusite. | in the present paper, a model describing release and mobility of copper and manganese in chalcopyrite and pyrolusite powders due to bacterial bioleaching, i.e. thiobacillus ferrooxidans and arthrobacter sp., is proposed. sites where copper and manganese were released were examined by scanning electron microscopy (sem). the resulting micrographs were scanned and submitted to a point by point fractal analysis to verify if a discrimination between biological and chemical attack could be established ... | 1999 | 10353795 |
| cloning and sequencing of the fcbb gene encoding 4-chlorobenzoate-coenzyme a dehalogenase from pseudomonas sp. dj-12. | pseudomonas sp. dj-12 degrades 4-chlorobenzoate through hydrolytic dechlorination to produce 4-hydroxybenzoate and a chloride ion. the fcbb gene encoding the 4-chlorobenzoate-coenzyme a (4cba-coa) dehalogenase which catalyzes the nucleophilic substitution reaction to convert 4cba-coa to 4-hydroxybenzoate-coenzyme a (4hba-coa) in the consecutive steps of dechlorination was cloned from the chromosome of the organism. a nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene showed an open reading frame consistin ... | 1999 | 10340479 |
| comparison of the fuel oil biodegradation potential of hydrocarbon-assimilating microorganisms isolated from a temperate agricultural soil. | strains of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) were isolated from an agricultural soil in france. in a field, a portion was treated with oily cuttings resulting from the drilling of an onshore well. the cuttings which were spread at the rate of 600 g hc m-2 contained 10% of fuel oil hydrocarbons (hc). another part of the field was left untreated. three months after hc spreading, hc adapted bacteria and fungi were isolated at different soil depths in the two plots and identi ... | 1999 | 10231986 |
| isolation and primary characterization of an amidase from rhodococcus rhodochrous. | amidase (ec 3.5.1.4) was purified to homogeneity from rhodococcus rhodochrous m8 using isopropanol fractionation and exchange chromatography on mono q. the isolated amidase consists of four identical subunits with molecular weight 42+/-2 kd. the activity of the enzyme is maximal at 55-60 degrees c and within the ph range 5-8. the amidase from r. rhodochrous m8 is highly sensitive to such sulfhydryl reagents as hg2+ and cu2+. chelators (edta and o-phenanthroline) and serine proteinase inhibitors ... | 1999 | 10231590 |
| effects of moisture and sorption on bioavailability of p-hydroxybenzoic acid to arthrobacter sp. in soil. | effects of bioavailability on degradation of 14c-p-hydroxybenzoate were examined using sterile soil inoculated with arthrobacter sp. physical accessibility of p-hydroxybenzoate was controlled by varying pore continuity with a range of moisture regimes (-33 to -420 kpa), whereas sorption was controlled via addition of an exchange resin. arthrobacter sp. accessed 94% of p-hydroxybenzoate in soil at -33 kpa, owing to continuity of soil pores and sufficient cells to exploit available space. a deviat ... | 1999 | 10206726 |
| involvement of two plasmids in the degradation of carbaryl by arthrobacter sp. strain rc100. | a bacterium capable of utilizing carbaryl (1-naphthyl n-methylcarbamate) as the sole carbon source was isolated from carbaryl-treated soil. this bacterium was characterized taxonomically as arthrobacter and was designated strain rc100. rc100 hydrolyzes the n-methylcarbamate linkage to 1-naphthol, which was further metabolized via salicylate and gentisate. strain rc100 harbored three plasmids (designated prc1, prc2, and prc3). mutants unable to degrade carbaryl arose at a high frequency after tre ... | 1999 | 10049857 |
| corynebacterium terpenotabidum sp. nov., a bacterium capable of degrading squalene. | the taxonomic status of arthrobacter sp. y-11t, which was described as a squalene-degrading bacterium, was investigated by chemotaxonomic and genetic methods. the strain possesses wall chemotype iv, mk-9(h2) as the predominant menaquinone, mycolic acids, and straight-chain, saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, with considerable amounts of tuberculostearic acid. the dna g+c content is 67.5 mol%. 16s rrna gene sequence analysis and quantitative dna-dna hybridization experiments provided stro ... | 1999 | 10028267 |
| structural study on a sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex produced by arthrobacter sp. | the structure of a sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan complex (sp-pg) produced by arthrobacter sp. was analyzed by nmr spectroscopy. in addition, oligosaccharide fragments of the sp-pg-l obtained by hf degradation were analyzed by nmr spectroscopy. these findings indicated that the sulfated polysaccharide (sp) contains a repeating unit composed of two galactofuranosides and a glucopyranoside. the main chain of the trisaccharide is [-->6) beta-d-galf(1-->6)-beta-d-galf(1-->ln, with beta-d-glcp ... | 1998 | 9972234 |
| crystallization of arthrobacter sp. strain 1c n-(1-d-carboxyethyl)-l- norvaline dehydrogenase and its complex with nad+. | the novel nad+-linked opine dehydrogenase from a soil isolate arthrobacter sp. strain 1c belongs to an enzyme superfamily whose members exhibit quite diverse substrate specificities. crystals of this opine dehydrogenase, obtained in the presence or absence of co-factor and substrates, have been shown to diffract to beyond 1.8 a resolution. x-ray precession photographs have established that the crystals belong to space group p21212, with cell parameters a = 104.9, b = 80.0, c = 45.5 a and a singl ... | 1998 | 9867431 |
| repeated application of carvone-induced bacteria to enhance biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil. | carvone, the principal component of spearmint oil, induces biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) by arthrobacter sp. strain b1b. this study investigated the effectiveness of the repeated application of carvone-induced bacteria for bioremediation of aroclor-1242-contaminated soil. control treatments compared a single inoculation of carvone-induced cells, repeated applications of noninduced cells, and repeated applications of cell-free carvone/fructose medium. the results showed that r ... | 1998 | 9830100 |
| whipple's syndrome (uveitis, b27-negative spondylarthropathy, meningitis, and lymphadenopathy) associated with arthrobacter sp. infection. | to report an unusual case of whipple's disease, including uveitis, seronegative spondylarthropathy, meningitis, and lymphadenopathy, associated with an arthrobacter sp. infection. | 1998 | 9787360 |
| crystallization of arthrobacter sp. strain 1c n-(1-d-carboxyethyl)-l-norvaline dehydrogenase and its complex with nad+ | the novel nad+-linked opine dehydrogenase from a soil isolate arthrobacter sp. strain 1c belongs to an enzyme superfamily whose members exhibit quite diverse substrate specificites. crystals of this opine dehydrogenase, obtained in the presence or absence of co-factor and substrates, have been shown to diffract to beyond 1.8 å resolution. x-ray precession photographs have established that the crystals belong to space group p21212, with cell parameters a = 104.9, b = 80.0, c = 45.5 å and a single ... | 1998 | 9761832 |
| purification and characterization of four catechol 1,2-dioxygenase isozymes from the benzamide-assimilating bacterium arthrobacter species ba-5-17. | when arthrobacter sp. ba-5-17 was grown on benzamide, the bacterium synthesized four different catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (cd, ec 1.13.11.1) isozymes (cd-i, ii, iii-1, and iii-2). we purified each cd to homogeneity by a series of column chromatography. the molecular masses of the four cds were between 68 and 72 kda. the enzymes were made up of two identical subunits each with the molecular mass of 33 kda. cd-i and ii were indistinguishable in enzymatic properties tested. most properties of cd-iii- ... | 1998 | 9760749 |
| crystal structure and active site location of n-(1-d-carboxylethyl)-l-norvaline dehydrogenase. | opine dehydrogenases catalyze the nad(p)h-dependent reversible reaction to form opines that contain two asymmetric centers exhibiting either (l,l) or (d,l) stereochemistry. the first structure of a (d,l) superfamily member, n-(1-d-carboxylethyl)-l-norvaline dehydrogenase (cendh) from arthrobacter sp. strain 1c, has been determined at 1.8 a resolution and the location of the bound nucleotide coenzyme has been identified. six conserved residues cluster in the cleft between the enzyme's two domains ... | 1998 | 9665174 |
| effects of difructose anhydride iii on calcium absorption in small and large intestines of rats. | difructose anhydride iii (dfa iii; di-d-fructo-furanose 1,2':2,3' dianhydride) was prepared from inulin with arthrobacter sp. h65-7 inulin fructotransferase (depolymerizing (inulase ii; ec 2.4.1.93). dfa iii is not hydrolyzed by enzymes in the small intestine, but is metabolized by microorganisms in the large intestine. we investigated the effects of dfa iii on calcium absorption in two experiments. in the in vivo experiment, we examined the effects of dfa iii, fructooligosaccharides, and raffin ... | 1998 | 9648212 |
| a novel metal-activated pyridoxal enzyme with a unique primary structure, low specificity d-threonine aldolase from arthrobacter sp. strain dk-38. molecular cloning and cofactor characterization. | the gene encoding low specificity d-threonine aldolase, catalyzing the interconversion of d-threonine/d-allo-threonine and glycine plus acetaldehyde, was cloned from the chromosomal dna of arthrobacter sp. strain dk-38. the gene contains an open reading frame consisting of 1,140 nucleotides corresponding to 379 amino acid residues. the enzyme was overproduced in recombinant escherichia coli cells and purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate fractionation and three-column chromatography steps. ... | 1998 | 9642221 |
| structural model of dex protein from penicillium minioluteum and its implications in the mechanism of catalysis. | the dex gene encodes an extracellular dextranase (ec 3.2.1.11); this enzyme hydrolyzes the alpha(1,6) glucosidic bond contained in dextran to release small isomaltosaccharides. sequence analysis has revealed only one homologous sequence, cb-8 protein, from arthrobacter sp., with 30% sequence identity. the secondary structure prediction for dex was corroborated by circular dichroism measurements. to explore the possibility that dex protein might adopt a fold similar to any known structure, we con ... | 1998 | 9626695 |
| isolation of a beta-galactosidase-encoding gene from bacillus licheniformis: purification and characterization of the recombinant enzyme expressed in escherichia coli. | the bacillus licheniformis beta-galactosidase gene, lacbl, was cloned on a 5.8-kb hindiii fragment into pbr322 and expressed by its own promoter in escherichia coli. deletion and complementation analysis showed that the enzyme-encoding region was located on a 4. 1-kb hindiii-clai fragment. the transcription region for the lacbl was identified on this fragment with promoter- and terminator-probe plasmids. the deduced sequence of 149 aa of the n-terminal part of lacbl showed aa sequence homology w ... | 1998 | 9625788 |
| structural studies on a sulfated polysaccharide from an arthrobacter sp. by nmr spectroscopy and methylation analysis. | structural characterization of a sulfated polysaccharide peptidoglycan complex (sp-pg) from an arthrobacter sp. was performed by nmr spectroscopy and methylation analysis. in order to simplify the analyses, the desulfated sp-pg was used. nmr spectroscopy revealed the presence of a trisaccharide repeating unit and a disaccharide repeating unit. the trisaccharide unit was composed of two galactofuranosides and one glucopyranoside, and the disaccharide unit was of two galactopyranosides, as shown b ... | 1997 | 9581278 |
| gene cluster for creatinine degradation in arthrobacter sp. te1826. | the genes encoding creatininase (crna; 258 residues) and creatinase (crea; 411 residues) from arthrobacter sp. te1826 were cloned and sequenced. the genes form a cluster with the sarcosine oxidase gene (soxa) and its regulator gene (soxr), which were cloned previously. the deduced amino acid sequences of crna and crea show 35.9% and 63.1% identity, respectively to the corresponding pseudomonas enzymes. crna and crea were purified from the recombinant strains and characterized. other open reading ... | 1998 | 9563845 |
| action of polyamine aminotransferase on norspermidine. | the norspermidine-pyruvate reaction catalyzed by polyamine aminotransferase from arthrobacter sp. tmp-1 formed n-3-aminopropyl-3-aminopropionaldehyde (apapal), l-alanine, 1,3-diaminopropane (dap), allylamine, and acrolein, and the relative rates of formation of the latter four products were 24, 3.3, 2.3, and 1.2%, respectively, of the rate of the dap-pyruvate transamination. the identification of apapal was done by 13c-nmr after it had been enzymatically oxidized to n-3-aminopropyl-beta-alanine ... | 1997 | 9348082 |
| purification and characterization of polyamine aminotransferase of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1. | polyamine aminotransferase of arthrobacter sp. tmp-1 was induced by 1,3-diaminopropane (dap), n-3-aminopropyl-1,3-diaminopropane (norspermidine), spermidine, and spermine, but not by putrescine. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity. its molecular weight and subunit size were 129,000 and 64,000, respectively. its absorption spectrum had maxima at 280 and 420 nm and a shoulder at about 350 nm, and changes were observed upon the addition of dap, putrescine, and sodium borohydride. the spectrum an ... | 1997 | 9348081 |
| isolation and characterization of d-threonine aldolase, a pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzyme from arthrobacter sp. dk-38. | d-threonine aldolase is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of d-threonine into glycine and acetaldehyde. its activity was found in several genera of bacteria such as arthrobacter, alcaligenes, xanthomonas, and pseudomonas, but not in yeasts or fungi. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity from one strain, arthrobacter sp. dk-38. the enzyme appeared to consist of a single polypeptide chain with an apparent molecular mass of 51 kda. this enzyme, as well as l-threonine aldolase, requires pyridox ... | 1997 | 9346293 |
| heavy metal resistant arthrobacter sp.--a tool for studying conjugational plasmid transfer between gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. | the role of two heavy metal-resistant strains of the gram-positive genus arthrobacter sp. as a tool in studying conjugational plasmid transfer between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria is described. the high nickel resistance and the cobalt resistance of arthrobacter sp. strain rm1/6 could be transferred to arthrobacter sp. strain ws14. incq plasmids (pkt240, pkt240::czc, pml10) could be mobilized from e. coli into arthrobacter spp. strains; antibiotic (km, ap, tc) and heavy metal (co) re ... | 1997 | 9265744 |
| molecular cloning and heterologous expression of the isopullulanase gene from aspergillus niger a.t.c.c. 9642. | isopullulanase (ipu) from aspergillus niger a.t.c.c. (american type culture collection) 9642 hydrolyses pullulan to isopanose. ipu is important for the production of isopanose and is used in the structural analysis of oligosaccharides with alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic linkages. we have isolated the ipua gene encoding ipu from the filamentous fungi a. niger a.t.c.c. 9642. the ipua gene encodes an open reading frame of 1695 bp (564 amino acids). ipu contained a signal sequence of 19 amino ac ... | 1997 | 9169610 |
| plant compounds that induce polychlorinated biphenyl biodegradation by arthrobacter sp. strain b1b. | plant compounds that induced arthrobacter sp. strain b1b to cometabolize polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) were identified by a screening assay based on the formation of a 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl ring fission product. a chemical component of spearmint (mentha spicata), l-carvone, induced arthrobacter sp. strain b1b to cometabolize aroclor 1242, resulting in significant degradation of 26 peaks in the mixture, including selected tetra- and pentachlorobiphenyls. evidence for pcb biodegradation include ... | 1997 | 9143124 |
| hydroxylamine oxidation in heterotrophic nitrate-reducing soil bacteria and purification of a hydroxylamine-cytochrome c oxidoreductase from a pseudomonas species. | hydroxylamine oxidation was measured in four recently isolated heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria belonging to the genera pseudomonas, moraxella, arthrobacter and aeromonas. a hydroxylamine-cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity was detected in periplasmic fractions of the pseudomonas and aeromonas spp. and in total soluble fractions of the arthrobacter sp. a monomeric 19-kda non-haem iron hydroxylamine-cytochrome c oxidoreductase was purified from the pseudomonas species and shown to be simi ... | 1996 | 9082922 |