Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| genetically encodable bacterial flavin transferase for fluorogenic protein modification in mammalian cells. | a bacterial flavin transferase (apbe) was recently employed for flavin mononucleotide (fmn) modification on the na(+)-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase c (nqrc) protein in the pathogenic gram-negative bacterium vibrio cholerae. we employed this unique post-translational modification in mammalian cells and found that the fmn transfer reaction robustly occurred when nqrc and apbe were genetically targeted in the cytosol of live mammalian cells. moreover, nqrc expression in the endoplasmic ... | 2017 | 28035820 |
| elucidation of the tidal influence on bacterial populations in a monsoon influenced estuary through simultaneous observations. | the influence of tides on bacterial populations in a monsoon influenced tropical estuary was assessed through fine resolution sampling (1 to 3 h) during spring and neap tides from mouth to the freshwater end at four stations during pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. higher abundance of total bacterial count (tbc) in surface water near the river mouth, compared to the upstream, during pre-monsoon was followed by an opposite scenario during the monsoon when seasonally compared, it was ... | 2017 | 28035613 |
| the replication initiator of the cholera pathogen's second chromosome shows structural similarity to plasmid initiators. | the conserved dnaa-oric system is used to initiate replication of primary chromosomes throughout the bacterial kingdom; however, bacteria with multipartite genomes evolved distinct systems to initiate replication of secondary chromosomes. in the cholera pathogen, vibrio cholerae, and in related species, secondary chromosome replication requires the rctb initiator protein. here, we show that rctb consists of four domains. the structure of its central two domains resembles that of several plasmid ... | 2016 | 28031373 |
| rules of engagement: the type vi secretion system in vibrio cholerae. | microbial species often exist in complex communities where they must avoid predation and compete for favorable niches. the type vi secretion system (t6ss) is a contact-dependent bacterial weapon that allows for direct killing of competitors through the translocation of proteinaceous toxins. vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative pathogen that can use its t6ss during antagonistic interactions with neighboring prokaryotic and eukaryotic competitors. the t6ss not only promotes v. cholerae's survival du ... | 2017 | 28027803 |
| in-silico prediction of dual function of dksa like hypothetical protein in v. cholerae o395 genome. | cholera, an acute infection of the small intestine, is caused by vibrio cholerae. the present study identified a hypothetical protein in v. cholerae o395, which was predicted to be acquired through horizontal gene transfer the origin of which was found to be from a phage. its expression was further confirmed by rt-pcr. homology based 3d model of the hypothetical protein indicated dksa like homologue. protein binding site of 3d-model revealed a deep cleft which may influence the dimer formation a ... | 2017 | 28024527 |
| whole-genome sequences of 26 vibrio cholerae isolates. | the human pathogen vibrio cholerae employs several adaptive mechanisms for environmental persistence, including natural transformation and type vi secretion, creating a reservoir for the spread of disease. here, we report whole-genome sequences of 26 diverse v. cholerae isolates, significantly increasing the sequence diversity of publicly available v. cholerae genomes. | 2016 | 28007852 |
| application of a paper based device containing a new culture medium to detect vibrio cholerae in water samples collected in haiti. | cholera is now considered to be endemic in haiti, often with increased incidence during rainy seasons. the challenge of cholera surveillance is exacerbated by the cost of sample collection and laboratory analysis. a diagnostic tool is needed that is low cost, easy-to-use, and able to detect and quantify vibrio cholerae accurately in water samples within 18-24h, and perform reliably in remote settings lacking laboratory infrastructure and skilled staff. the two main objectives of this study were ... | 2017 | 28007529 |
| nitrosative stress response in vibrio cholerae: role of s-nitrosoglutathione reductase. | vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, poses serious threats to humans worldwide. v. cholerae faces host inflammatory response and encounters nitrosative stress before establishing successful colonization. it is not clear how v. cholerae combats nitric oxide and reactive nitrogen species. in the present study, we used three clinical strains of v. cholerae and tested their nitrosative stress response pattern towards sodium nitroprusside (snp) and s-nitrosoglutathione (gsno). among them, ... | 2016 | 28000045 |
| single-cell analysis of the plasmablast response to vibrio cholerae demonstrates expansion of cross-reactive memory b cells. | we characterized the acute b cell response in adults with cholera by analyzing the repertoire, specificity, and functional characteristics of 138 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) generated from single-cell-sorted plasmablasts. we found that the cholera-induced responses were characterized by high levels of somatic hypermutation and large clonal expansions. a majority of the expansions targeted cholera toxin (ct) or lipopolysaccharide (lps). using a novel proteomics approach, we were able to identify ... | 2016 | 27999163 |
| the vibrio cholerae minor pilin tcpb initiates assembly and retraction of the toxin-coregulated pilus. | type iv pilus (t4p) systems are complex molecular machines that polymerize major pilin proteins into thin filaments displayed on bacterial surfaces. pilus functions require rapid extension and depolymerization of the pilus, powered by the assembly and retraction atpases, respectively. a set of low abundance minor pilins influences pilus dynamics by unknown mechanisms. the vibrio cholerae toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp) is among the simplest of the t4p systems, having a single minor pilin tcpb and ... | 2016 | 27992883 |
| cholera rapid test with enrichment step has diagnostic performance equivalent to culture. | cholera rapid diagnostic tests (rdt) could play a central role in outbreak detection and surveillance in low-resource settings, but their modest performance has hindered their broad adoption. the addition of an enrichment step may improve test specificity. we describe the results of a prospective diagnostic evaluation of the crystal vc rdt (span diagnostics, india) with enrichment step and of culture, each compared to polymerase chain reaction (pcr), during a cholera outbreak in south sudan. rdt ... | 2016 | 27992488 |
| origins of pandemic vibrio cholerae from environmental gene pools. | some microorganisms can transition from an environmental lifestyle to a pathogenic one(1-3). this ecological switch typically occurs through the acquisition of horizontally acquired virulence genes(4,5). however, the genomic features that must be present in a population before the acquisition of virulence genes and emergence of pathogenic clones remain unknown. we hypothesized that virulence adaptive polymorphisms (vaps) circulate in environmental populations and are required for this transition ... | 2016 | 27991885 |
| ribavirin suppresses bacterial virulence by targeting lysr-type transcriptional regulators. | targeting bacterial virulence mechanisms without compromising bacterial growth is a promising strategy to prevent drug resistance. lysr-type transcriptional regulators (lttrs) possess structural conservation across bacterial species and regulate virulence in numerous pathogens, making them attractive targets for antimicrobial agents. we targeted aphb, a vibrio cholerae lttr, which regulates the expression of genes encoding cholera toxin and toxin-co-regulated pilus for inhibitor designing. since ... | 2016 | 27991578 |
| a case of o1 vibrio cholera bacteremia and primary peritonitis in a patient with liver cirrhosis. | vibrio cholerae are gram-negative bacteria that are differentiated into o1/o139 and non-o1/non-o139 serogroups depending on their ability to agglutinate with specific antiserum. in contrast to non-o1/non-0139 vibrio cholerae, which are more prone to invade the bloodstream, vibrio cholerae o1 is rarely the cause of bacteremia. we report a case of o1 vibrio cholera bacteremia and primary peritonitis in a patient with liver cirrhosis. the literature on the subject is also reviewed. | 2009 | 27990208 |
| the 12 gastrointestinal pathogens spectrum of acute infectious diarrhea in a sentinel hospital, shenzhen, china. | acute infectious gastroenteritis is one of the most common diseases among all ages, particularly in developing countries. the pathogen spectrum may differ among different regions and seasons. to investigate the etiology of acute diarrhea in shenzhen, a prospective study was conducted from august 2014 to september 2015. stools from 412 patients with diarrhea (286 of whom were adults) including the general epidemiological information of the patients were collected. the 19 pathogens were detected b ... | 2016 | 27965649 |
| functional characterization of triclosan-resistant enoyl-acyl-carrier protein reductase (fabv) in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is extremely resistant to triclosan. previous studies have shown that p. aeruginosa encodes a triclosan-resistant enoyl-acyl-carrier protein reductase (enr), fabv, and that deletion of fabv causes p. aeruginosa to be extremely sensitive to triclosan. in this report, we complemented a p. aeruginosa fabv deletion strain with several triclosan-resistant enr encoding genes, including vibrio cholerae fabv, bacillus subtilis fabl and enterococcus faecalis fabk. all complemented ... | 2016 | 27965638 |
| structure-function analysis of the transmembrane protein ampg from pseudomonas aeruginosa. | ampg is a transmembrane protein with permease activity that transports meuropeptide from the periplasm to the cytoplasm, which is essential for the induction of the ampc encoding β-lactamase. to obtain new insights into the relationship between ampg structure and function, comparative genomics analysis, secondary and tertiary structure modeling, site-directed mutational analyses and genetic complementation experiments were performed in this study. ampgs from different genera of bacteria (escheri ... | 2016 | 27959942 |
| antibacterial and antiviral effectiveness of two household water treatment devices that use monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene. | many different household water treatment (hwt) methods have been researched and promoted to mitigate the serious burden of diarrheal disease in developing countries. however, hwt methods using bromine have not been extensively evaluated. two gravity-fed hwt devices (aquasure™ and waterbird™) were used to test the antimicrobial effectiveness of halopure(®) br beads (monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene) that deliver bromine. as water flows over the beads, reactive bromine species are eluted ... | 2016 | 27959873 |
| polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea. | acute diarrhoea is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among children in low-income countries. glucose-based oral rehydration solution (ors) helps replace fluid and prevent further dehydration from acute diarrhoea. since 2004, the world health organization (who) has recommended the osmolarity of less than 270 mosm/l (ors ≤ 270) versus greater than 310 mosm/l formulation (ors ≥ 310). polymer-based ors (for example, prepared using rice or wheat) slowly releases glucose and may be sup ... | 2016 | 27959472 |
| efficient and flexible preparation of biosynthetic microperoxidases. | heme peptides and their derivatives, also called microperoxidases (mps), are employed as heme protein active site models, catalysts, and charge-transfer chromophores. in this work, two approaches to the biosynthesis of novel mps are described. in one method, heme peptides are expressed as c-terminal tags to the protein azurin and the mp is liberated by proteolytic cleavage by an endopeptidase. in an alternative approach, heme peptides are expressed as n-terminal tags to the cysteine protease dom ... | 2017 | 27957837 |
| immunochromatographic detection of the heat-labile enterotoxin of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli with cross-detection of cholera toxin. | here, we report the development of an immunochromatographic test strip that can detect heat-labile enterotoxin (lt) produced by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. five types of monoclonal antibody (mab)-producing hybridomas were isolated: three mabs were a subunit specific and two were b subunit specific. four mabs also cross-reacted with both lt proteins derived from swine and human e. coli strains, but only one mab 57b9 additionally cross-reacted with cholera toxin. thus, mab 57b9 was used to f ... | 2017 | 27940044 |
| genomic profile of antibiotic resistant, classical ctxb positive vibrio cholerae o1 biotype el tor isolated in 2003 and 2005 from puri, india: a retrospective study. | to examine eight strains of vibrio cholerae o1 isolated in 2003 and 2005 from puri, india, for antibiotic susceptibility, presence of virulence and regulatory genes, cholera toxin (ct) production, ctx arrangement and genomic profiles. | 2017 | 27934824 |
| haitian variant tcpa in vibrio cholerae o1 el tor strains in national capital region (india). | 2016 | 27934812 | |
| quorum sensing coordinates cooperative expression of pyruvate metabolism genes to maintain a sustainable environment for population stability. | quorum sensing (qs) is a microbial cell-cell communication system that regulates gene expression in response to population density to coordinate collective behaviors. yet, the role of qs in resolving the stresses caused by the accumulation of toxic metabolic by-products at high cell density is not well defined. in response to cell density, qs could be involved in reprogramming of the metabolic network to maintain population stability. using unbiased metabolomics, we discovered that vibrio choler ... | 2016 | 27923919 |
| comparison of antibody immobilization strategies in detection of vibrio cholerae by surface plasmon resonance. | surface plasmon resonance immunosensor for the detection of bacterial cells was first reported in 1998 with high detection limit as much as 10(7 )cfu/ml. since then, many efforts have been made aiming to lower the detection limit and improve the sensitivity of detection. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of four most frequently used immobilization strategies, including direct physical adsorption (physisorption), covalent immobilization via self-assembled monolayer (sam) formation, ... | 2016 | 27923270 |
| cross-protection against vibrio cholerae infection by monoclonal antibodies against vibrio vulnificus rtxa1/martxvv. | gram-negative vibrio species secrete multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (martx) toxins associated with bacterial pathogenesis. here, the cross-reactivity and cross-protectivity of mabs against v. vulnificus rtxa1/martxvv was evaluated. passive administration of any of these mabs (21ra, 24ra, 46ra, 47ra and 50ra) provided strong protection against lethal v. cholerae infection. interestingly, 24ra and 46ra, which map to the cysteine protease domain of v. cholerae martxvc , inhibited c ... | 2016 | 27921342 |
| anticancer and antibacterial secondary metabolites from the endophytic fungus penicillium sp. cam64 against multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria. | the emergence of multiple-drug resistance bacteria has become a major threat and thus calls for an urgent need to search for new effective and safe anti-bacterial agents. | 2016 | 27917206 |
| kinetics of antibody-secreting cell and fecal iga responses after oral cholera vaccination in different age groups in a cholera endemic country. | immune responses to oral enteric vaccines in children and infants may be influenced by factors such as age, previous priming with related microorganisms and breast feeding. in this study, we aimed to determine optimal time points to assess immune responses to oral enteric vaccines in different clinical specimens. this was done by investigating antibody secreting cell (asc) and fecal antibody responses on different days after vaccination using the licensed oral cholera vaccine dukoral, containing ... | 2017 | 27916412 |
| effects of ethyl acetate extracts from the polycephalomyces nipponicus isolate cod-mk1201 (ascomycetes) against human pathogenic bacteria and a breast cancer cell line. | this study aimed to identify a suitable organic solvent for extracting bioactive compounds from polycephalomyces nipponicus and to evaluate the antibacterial and anticancer activities of the extracts obtained. only extracts obtained with ethyl acetate exhibited antibacterial activity, so ethyl acetate was chosen for large-scale extraction. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) against gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogenic bacteria of t ... | 2016 | 27910791 |
| random versus cell cycle-regulated replication initiation in bacteria: insights from studying vibrio cholerae chromosome 2. | bacterial chromosomes initiate replication at a fixed time in the cell cycle, whereas there is generally no particular time for plasmid replication initiation or chromosomal replication initiation from integrated plasmids. in bacteria with divided genomes, the replication system of one of the chromosomes typically resembles that of bacteria with undivided genomes, whereas the remaining chromosomes have plasmid-like replication systems. for example, in vibrio cholerae, a bacterium with two chromo ... | 2017 | 27903655 |
| effects of chromosomal deletion of the operon encoding the multiple resistance and ph-related antiporter in vibrio cholerae. | to examine the possible physiological significance of mrp, a multi-subunit cation/proton antiporter from vibrio cholerae, a chromosomal deletion δmrp of v. cholerae was constructed and characterized. the resulting mutant showed a consistent early growth defect in lb broth that became more evident at elevated ph of the growth medium and increasing na+ or k+ loads. after 24 h incubation, these differences disappeared likely due to the concerted effort of other cation pumps in the mrp mutant. pheno ... | 2016 | 27902431 |
| selective and efficient elimination of vibrio cholerae with a chemical modulator that targets glucose metabolism. | vibrio cholerae, a gram-negative bacterium, is the causative agent of pandemic cholera. previous studies have shown that the survival of the seventh pandemic el tor biotype v. cholerae strain n16961 requires production of acetoin in a glucose-rich environment. the production of acetoin, a neutral fermentation end-product, allows v. cholerae to metabolize glucose without a ph drop, which is mediated by the production of organic acid. this finding suggests that inhibition of acetoin fermentation c ... | 2016 | 27900286 |
| quorum regulated resistance of vibrio cholerae against environmental bacteriophages. | predation by bacteriophages can significantly influence the population structure of bacterial communities. vibrio cholerae the causative agent of cholera epidemics interacts with numerous phages in the aquatic ecosystem, and in the intestine of cholera patients. seasonal epidemics of cholera reportedly collapse due to predation of the pathogen by phages. however, it is not clear how sufficient number of the bacteria survive to seed the environment in the subsequent epidemic season. we found that ... | 2016 | 27892495 |
| non-o157:h7 shiga toxin producing diarrhoeagenic escherichia coli (stec) in southern india: a tinderbox for starting epidemic. | outbreaks due to non-o157:h7 shiga toxin producing escherichia coli (stec) resulting in haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) have garnered much attention because of associated mortality transcending across continents and also because diarrhoea due to e.coli itself is rare in developed countries. the actual incidence of non-o157:h7 stec in sporadic acute diarrhoea is not fully elucidated, both in developing as well as in developed countries. due to larger extent of faecal-oral transmission in develo ... | 2016 | 27891338 |
| case-control study of diarrheal disease etiology in individuals over 5 years in southwest china. | acute diarrhea is one of the major public health problems worldwide. most of studies on acute diarrhea have been made on infants aged below 5 years and few efforts have been made to identify the etiological agents of acute diarrhea in people over five, especially in china. | 2016 | 27891182 |
| whole-genome enrichment provides deep insights into vibrio cholerae metagenome from an african river. | the detection and typing of vibrio cholerae in natural aquatic environments encounter major methodological challenges related to the fact that the bacterium is often present in environmental matrices at very low abundance in nonculturable state. this study applied, for the first time to our knowledge, a whole-genome enrichment (wge) and next-generation sequencing (ngs) approach for direct genotyping and metagenomic analysis of low abundant v. cholerae dna (<50 genome unit/l) from natural water c ... | 2017 | 27888291 |
| phenotypic and antibiogram pattern of v. cholerae isolates from a tertiary care hospital in mumbai during 2004-2013: a retrospective cross-sectional study. | cholera is a major gastroenteric disease with reports on fluctuation and resistance. hence, the objective is to determine the trend in seasonality, resistance pattern, prevalent biotypes, serotypes and phage types between 2004 and 2013 among vibrio cholerae isolates. | 2016 | 27888174 |
| a self-quenching-resistant carbon nanodot powder with multicolored solid-state fluorescence for ultra-fast staining of various representative bacterial species within one minute. | in this study, we prepared self-quenching-resistant solid-state fluorescent carbon nanodots (sfcds) without any other solid matrices. the sfcds were prepared using a one-step microwave synthesis method through precise control of the heating power and time. the resulting sfcd powder showed excitation-dependent emission behavior with a maximum fluorescence quantum yield of 40%. the multicolored sfcds were successfully used as fluorescent agents for rapid staining of 14 representative bacterial spe ... | 2016 | 27874136 |
| biogeochemical and hydrological drivers of the dynamics of vibrio species in two patagonian estuaries. | the ecology of the most relevant vibrio species for human health and their relation to water quality and biogeochemistry were studied in two estuaries in argentinian patagonia. vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus were reported in >29% of cases at the río colorado and río negro estuaries. neither the pandemic serogroups of vibrio cholerae o1, vibrio cholerae o139 nor the cholera toxin gene were detected in this study. however, several strains of v. cholerae (not o1 or o139) are able to ca ... | 2017 | 27871750 |
| high genetic diversity of vibrio cholerae in the european lake neusiedler see is associated with intensive recombination in the reed habitat and the long-distance transfer of strains. | coastal marine vibrio cholerae populations usually exhibit high genetic diversity. to assess the genetic diversity of abundant v. cholerae non-o1/non-o139 populations in the central european lake neusiedler see, we performed a phylogenetic analysis based on reca, toxr, gyrb and pyrh loci sequenced for 472 strains. the strains were isolated from three ecologically different habitats in a lake that is a hot-spot of migrating birds and an important bathing water. we also analyzed 76 environmental a ... | 2017 | 27871138 |
| targeting and alteration of tight junctions by bacteria and their virulence factors such as clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. | the integrity of tight junctions, which regulate paracellular permeability, is challenged by many bacterial pathogens. this is caused by inflammatory responses triggered by pathogens and direct interaction of bacteria or their toxins with host epithelial cells. in some cases, tight junction proteins represent receptors for cell surface proteins or toxins of the pathogen, such as clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe). cpe causes diarrhea and cramps-the symptoms of a common foodborne illness, ... | 2017 | 27864644 |
| pathogenic mechanisms of actin cross-linking toxins: peeling away the layers. | actin cross-linking toxins are produced by gram-negative bacteria from vibrio and aeromonas genera. the toxins were named actin cross-linking domains (acd), since the first and most of the subsequently discovered acds were found as effector domains in larger martx and vgrg toxins. among recognized human pathogens, acd is produced by vibrio cholerae, vibrio vulnificus, and aeromonas hydrophila. upon delivery to the cytoplasm of a host cell, acd covalently cross-links actin monomers into non-polym ... | 2017 | 27858184 |
| origins of the current seventh cholera pandemic. | vibrio cholerae has caused seven cholera pandemics since 1817, imposing terror on much of the world, but bacterial strains are currently only available for the sixth and seventh pandemics. the el tor biotype seventh pandemic began in 1961 in indonesia, but did not originate directly from the classical biotype sixth-pandemic strain. previous studies focused mainly on the spread of the seventh pandemic after 1970. here, we analyze in unprecedented detail the origin, evolution, and transition to pa ... | 2016 | 27849586 |
| calcium enhances bile salt-dependent virulence activation in vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae is the causative bacteria of the diarrheal disease cholera, but it also persists in aquatic environments, where it displays an expression profile that is distinct from that during infection. upon entry into the host, a tightly regulated circuit coordinates the induction of two major virulence factors: cholera toxin and a toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp). it has been shown that a set of bile salts, including taurocholate, serve as host signals to activate v. cholerae virulence throug ... | 2017 | 27849180 |
| the live attenuated cholera vaccine cvd 103-hgr primes responses to the toxin-coregulated pilus antigen tcpa in subjects challenged with wild-type vibrio cholerae. | one potential advantage of live attenuated bacterial vaccines is the ability to stimulate responses to antigens which are only expressed during the course of infection. to determine whether the live attenuated cholera vaccine cvd 103-hgr (vaxchora) results in antibody responses to the in vivo-induced toxin-coregulated pilus antigen tcpa, we measured iga and igg responses to vibrio cholerae o1 el tor tcpa in a subset of participants in a recently reported experimental challenge study. participant ... | 2017 | 27847368 |
| a genomic island in vibrio cholerae with vpi-1 site-specific recombination characteristics contains crispr-cas and type vi secretion modules. | cholera is a devastating diarrhoeal disease caused by certain strains of serogroup o1/o139 vibrio cholerae. mobile genetic elements such as genomic islands (gis) have been pivotal in the evolution of o1/o139 v. cholerae. perhaps the most important gi involved in cholera disease is the v. cholerae pathogenicity island 1 (vpi-1). this gi contains the toxin-coregulated pilus (tcp) gene cluster that is necessary for colonization of the human intestine as well as being the receptor for infection by t ... | 2016 | 27845364 |
| non-cholera vibrios: the microbial barometer of climate change. | there is a growing interest in the role of climate change in driving the spread of waterborne infectious diseases, such as those caused by bacterial pathogens. one particular group of pathogenic bacteria - vibrios - are a globally important cause of diseases in humans and aquatic animals. these gram-negative bacteria, including the species vibrio vulnificus, vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio cholerae, grow in warm, low-salinity waters, and their abundance in the natural environment mirrors ambi ... | 2017 | 27843109 |
| antibacterial and cytotoxic cytochalasins from the endophytic fungus phomopsis sp. harbored in garcinia kola (heckel) nut. | the continuous emergence of multidrug-resistant (mdr) bacteria drastically reduced the efficacy of our antibiotic armory and consequently, increased the frequency of therapeutic failure. the search for bioactive constituents from endophytic fungi against mdr bacteria became a necessity for alternative and promising strategies, and for the development of novel therapeutic solutions. we report here the isolation and structure elucidation of antibacterial and cytotoxic compounds from phomopsis sp., ... | 2016 | 27842536 |
| a novel phase variant of the cholera pathogen shows stress-adaptive cryptic transcriptomic signatures. | in a process known as phase variation, the marine bacterium and cholera pathogen vibrio cholerae alternately expresses smooth or rugose colonial phenotypes, the latter being associated with advanced biofilm architecture and greater resistance to ecological stress. to define phase variation at the transcriptomic level in pandemic v. cholerae o1 el tor strain n16961, we compared the rna-seq-derived transcriptomes among the smooth parent n16961, its rugose derivative (n16961r) and a smooth form obt ... | 2016 | 27842489 |
| vibrio cholerae non-o1, non-o139 bacteraemia associated with pneumonia, italy 2016. | this paper describes an elderly male patient, living in the veneto region, italy, who developed vibrio cholerae bacteraemia and pneumonia. some days previously, while on holiday in the lagoon of venice, he had been collecting clams in seawater, during which he suffered small abrasions of the skin. on admission to hospital, he was confused, had fever and a cough, but neither diarrhoea nor signs of gastroenteritis were found. both blood and stool cultures grew v. cholerae of non-o1 non-o-139 type, ... | 2017 | 27837335 |
| season-specific occurrence of potentially pathogenic vibrio spp. on the southern coast of south korea. | vibrio species are widely distributed in warm estuarine and coastal environments, and they can infect humans through the consumption of raw and mishandled contaminated seafood. in this study, we aimed to isolate and observe the distribution of enteropathogenic vibrio spp. from environments of the southern coast of south korea over a season cycle. a total of 10,983 isolates of vibrio spp. were obtained from tidal water and mud samples over a 1-year period from five sampling sites along the southw ... | 2017 | 27836844 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of autochthonous aquatic vibrio cholerae in haiti. | we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 50 environmental isolates of vibrio cholerae non-o1/non-o139 collected in surface waters in haiti in july 2012, during an active cholera outbreak. a panel of 16 antibiotics was tested on the isolates using the disk diffusion method and pcr detection of seven resistance-associated genes (stra/b, sul1/2, erma/b, and mefa). all isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefotaxime, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, amikacin, and ... | 2016 | 27818656 |
| achievements and challenges for the use of killed oral cholera vaccines in the global stockpile era. | cholera remains an important but neglected public health threat, affecting the health of the poorest populations and imposing substantial costs on public health systems. cholera can be eliminated where access to clean water, sanitation, and satisfactory hygiene practices are sustained, but major improvements in infrastructure continue to be a distant goal. new developments and trends of cholera disease burden, the creation of affordable oral cholera vaccines (ocvs) for use in developing countrie ... | 2017 | 27813703 |
| reduced susceptibility to extended-spectrum β-lactams in vibrio cholerae isolated in bangladesh. | β-lactams are antibiotic molecules able to inhibit cell wall biosynthesis. among other mechanisms, resistance in gram-negative bacteria is mostly associated with production of β-lactamase enzymes able to bind and hydrolyze the β-lactam ring. extended-spectrum β-lactamases extend this ability also to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, as well as to carbapenems and monobactams. vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of epidemic cholera and a public health burden for developing countries ... | 2016 | 27803895 |
| transmission of infectious vibrio cholerae through drinking water among the household contacts of cholera patients (chobi7 trial). | recurrent cholera causes significant morbidity and mortality among the growing population of dhaka, the capital city of bangladesh. previous studies have demonstrated that household contacts of cholera patients are at >100 times higher risk of cholera during the week after the presentation of the index patient. our prospective study investigated the mode of transmission of vibrio cholerae, the cause of cholera, in the households of cholera patients in dhaka city. out of the total 420 rectal swab ... | 2016 | 27803695 |
| occurrence of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio cholerae and vibrio vulnificus in the clam ruditapes philippinarum (adams & reeve, 1850) from emilia romagna and sardinia, italy. | marine vibrios, vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. vulnificus and v. cholerae are responsible of the majority of food-borne human infections by consumption of bivalve shellfish. the aim of the present study was to ascertain the occurrence of these bacteria, and their potential pathogenicity, in the manila clam r. philippinarum from emilia romagna (er) and sardinia (sr) regions, italy. isolation was performed on chromagar(tm) vibrio with subculture on (thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose) agar and m- ... | 2016 | 27800436 |
| anoctamin 6 contributes to cl- secretion in accessory cholera enterotoxin (ace)-stimulated diarrhea: an essential role for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (pip2) signaling in cholera. | accessory cholera enterotoxin (ace) of vibrio cholerae has been shown to contribute to diarrhea. however, the signaling mechanism and specific type of cl(-) channel activated by ace are still unknown. we have shown here that the recombinant ace protein induced icl of apical plasma membrane, which was inhibited by classical cacc blockers. surprisingly, an ace-elicited rise of current was neither affected by ano1 (tmem16a)-specific inhibitor t16a(inh)-ao1(tao1) nor by the cystic fibrosis transmemb ... | 2016 | 27799301 |
| a plant from the altiplano of northern chile senecio nutans, inhibits the vibrio cholerae pathogen. | in the altiplano of northern chile the plant senecio nutans is habitually used as an infusion to relieve the effects of altitude sickness (locally known as "puna"). it is also used to alleviate the bronchitis, whooping cough, asthma, stomachache, tiredness and fever. the extreme conditions under which these plant grow and scientific data that shows the inhibiting potential of the essential oils of plants of the genus senecio represents great potential in the study of their application to control ... | 2016 | 27795930 |
| immunity provided by an outer membrane vesicle cholera vaccine is due to o-antigen-specific antibodies inhibiting bacterial motility. | an outer membrane vesicle (omv)-based cholera vaccine is highly efficacious in preventing intestinal colonization in the suckling mouse model. immunity from omvs comes from immunoglobulin (ig), particularly igg, in the milk of mucosally immunized dams. anti-omv igg renders vibrio cholerae organisms immotile, thus they pass through the small intestine without colonizing. however, the importance of motility inhibition for protection and the mechanism by which motility is inhibited remain unclear. ... | 2017 | 27795359 |
| the role of vibrio cholerae haemagglutinin protease (hap) in extra-intestinal infection. | based on the diversity of surface o antigen vibrio cholerae can be classified into 206 serogroups. vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of cholera and extra intestinal infections like, septicemia, wound infection and haemorrhagic reactions. pathogenic factors of v. cholerae extra-intestinal infection are yet to be explored. | 2016 | 27790431 |
| cholera cases cluster in time and space in matlab, bangladesh: implications for targeted preventive interventions. | cholera remains a serious public health threat in asia, africa and in parts of the americas. three world health organization (who) pre-qualified oral cholera vaccines are now available but their supply is limited, so current supplies must be administered strategically. this requires an improved understanding of disease transmission and control strategies. | 2016 | 27789673 |
| complete genome sequences of two marine vibrio cholerae strains isolated from the south coast of sweden. | vibrio cholerae serogroups o1 and o139 are commonly associated with diarrhea, while non-o1-o139 strains may cause wound infections. here, we present the genome sequences of two v. cholerae strains isolated from blue mussels (mytilus edulis) collected in coastal waters of southern sweden. | 2016 | 27789632 |
| non-toxigenic environmental vibrio cholerae o1 strain from haiti provides evidence of pre-pandemic cholera in hispaniola. | vibrio cholerae is ubiquitous in aquatic environments, with environmental toxigenic v. cholerae o1 strains serving as a source for recurrent cholera epidemics and pandemic disease. however, a number of questions remain about long-term survival and evolution of v. cholerae strains within these aquatic environmental reservoirs. through monitoring of the haitian aquatic environment following the 2010 cholera epidemic, we isolated two novel non-toxigenic (ctxa/b-negative) vibrio cholerae o1. these t ... | 2016 | 27786291 |
| characterization of vibrio cholerae isolates from 1976 to 2013 in shandong province, china. | cholera continues to be a serious public health issue in developing countries. we analyzed the epidemiological data of cholera from 1976 to 2013 in shandong province, an eastern coastal area of china. a total of 250 vibrio cholerae isolates were selected for pcr analysis of virulence genes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the analysis of the virulence genes showed that the positive rates for tcpa and tcpi were the highest among strains from the southwest region, which had the highest ... | 2017 | 27780663 |
| a monoclonal antibody that targets the conserved core/lipid a region of lipopolysaccharide affects motility and reduces intestinal colonization of both classical and el tor vibrio cholerae biotypes. | vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of cholera, an acute diarrheal disease that remains endemic in many parts of the world. the mechanisms underlying immunity to cholera remain poorly defined, though it is increasingly clear that protection is associated with antibodies against lipopolysaccharide (lps). here we report that zac-3, a monoclonal antibody against the core/lipid a region of v. cholerae lps is a potent inhibitor of v. cholerae flagellum-based motility in viscous and liquid environm ... | 2016 | 27773473 |
| rapid identification of the etiological factors causing diarrheal diseases. | the main objective of this investigation was to develop and pilot a real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) diagnostic system for rapid and simultaneous identification of pathogens with a particular emphasis on diarrheal disease diagnostics. the diarrheal diseases were selected as a target for the pilot because they constitute a primary public health priority in georgia and worldwide. the product developed by our research team "neo_pcr_diagnostics" represents an original system for the iden ... | 2016 | 27770538 |
| in silico identification of outer membrane protein (omp) and subunit vaccine design against pathogenic vibrio cholerae. | virulence-related outer membrane proteins (omps) are expressed in bacteria (gram-negative) such as v. cholerae and are vital to bacterial invasion in to eukaryotic cell and survival within macrophages that could be best candidate for development of vaccine against v. cholerae. applying in silico approaches, the 3-d model of the omp was developed using swiss model server and validated byprosa and procheck web server. the continuous stretch of amino acid sequences 26mer: rtrsnsglltwgdkqtitleygdpal ... | 2016 | 27769003 |
| travel-associated vibrio cholerae o1 el tor, russia. | 2016 | 27767910 | |
| development of lipopolysaccharide-mimicking peptides and their immunoprotectivity against vibrio cholerae serogroup o1. | vibrio cholerae serogroup o1 is the main causative agent of cholera diseases defined by life threatening rice watery diarrhea. cholera routine vaccination has failed in controlling epidemics in developing countries because of their hard and expensive production. in this study, our aim was to investigate phage displayed mimotopes that could mimic v. cholerae lipopolysaccharide (lps). although lps of vibrio, as an endotoxin, can stimulate the immune system, thereby making it a suitable candidate f ... | 2016 | 27766741 |
| effectiveness of one dose of oral cholera vaccine in response to an outbreak: a case-cohort study. | oral cholera vaccines represent a new effective tool to fight cholera and are licensed as two-dose regimens with 2-4 weeks between doses. evidence from previous studies suggests that a single dose of oral cholera vaccine might provide substantial direct protection against cholera. during a cholera outbreak in may, 2015, in juba, south sudan, the ministry of health, médecins sans frontières, and partners engaged in the first field deployment of a single dose of oral cholera vaccine to enhance the ... | 2016 | 27765293 |
| a five-year study on the epidemiological approaches to cholera in iran. | cholera is considered a key indicator of social development but still is reported in various cities of iran. the present study aimed to analyze the available information regarding cholera outbreaks since 2010 in iran. | 2016 | 27757199 |
| toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 in vegetables and fish raised in wastewater irrigated fields and stabilization ponds during a non-cholera outbreak period in morogoro, tanzania: an environmental health study. | cholera, one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases, remains rampant and frequent in tanzania and thus hinders existing control measures. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the occurrence of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 in wastewater, fish and vegetables during a non-outbreak period in morogoro, tanzania. | 2016 | 27756420 |
| rapid dipstick detection of vibrio cholerae in household stored and municipal water in dhaka, bangladesh: chobi7 trial. | in urban dhaka, bangladesh, 30% of source water samples collected from the households of patients with cholera had detectable vibrio cholerae. these findings indicate an urgent need for a public health intervention for this population. the crystal vc(®) dipstick test is a rapid method for detecting v. cholerae in stool and water. however, to date no study has investigated the use of the rapid dipstick test for household surveillance of stored drinking water. | 2017 | 27754582 |
| raw ready-to-eat seafood safety: microbiological quality of the various seafood species available in fishery, hyper and online markets. | microbiological quality of 206 raw ready-to-eat seafood samples was investigated according to species (gizzard shad, halibut, rockfish, tuna, oyster and squid) and distribution channels (fishery, hyper and online market). enumeration of aerobic plate count and total coliforms (tc) and pathogenic bacteria (bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus and vibrio parahaemolyticus) was performed, and level of microbiological quality was classified into four groups: satisfactory, acceptable, unsatisfactory ... | 2017 | 27747902 |
| nanocarriers from gras zein proteins to encapsulate hydrophobic actives. | one factor limiting the expansion of nanomedicines has been the high cost of the materials and processes required for their production. we present a continuous, scalable, low cost nanoencapsulation process, flash nanoprecipitation (fnp) that enables the production of nanocarriers (ncs) with a narrow size distribution using zein corn proteins. zein is a low cost, gras protein (having the fda status of "generally regarded as safe") currently used in food applications, which acts as an effective en ... | 2016 | 27744703 |
| genome-wide biases in the rate and molecular spectrum of spontaneous mutations in vibrio cholerae and vibrio fischeri. | the vast diversity in nucleotide composition and architecture among bacterial genomes may be partly explained by inherent biases in the rates and spectra of spontaneous mutations. bacterial genomes with multiple chromosomes are relatively unusual but some are relevant to human health, none more so than the causative agent of cholera, vibrio cholerae here, we present the genome-wide mutation spectra in wild-type and mismatch repair (mmr) defective backgrounds of two vibrio species, the low-%gc sq ... | 2017 | 27744412 |
| no-go zones for mariner transposition. | the property of transposons to randomly insert into target dna has long been exploited for generalized mutagenesis and forward genetic screens. newer applications that monitor the relative abundance of each transposon insertion in large libraries of mutants can be used to evaluate the roles in cellular fitness of all genes of an organism, provided that transposition is in fact random across all genes. in a recent article, kimura and colleagues identified an important exception to the latter assu ... | 2016 | 27729512 |
| cholera. | cholera is an acute disease of the gastrointestinal tract caused by vibrio cholerae. cholera was localized in asia until 1817, when a first pandemic spread from india to several other regions of the world. after this appearance, six additional major pandemics occurred during the 19th and 20th centuries, the latest of which originated in indonesia in the 1960s and is still ongoing. in 1854, a cholera outbreak in soho, london, was investigated by the english physician john snow (1813 to 1858). he ... | 2016 | 27726771 |
| major shift of toxigenic v. cholerae o1 from ogawa to inaba serotype isolated from clinical and environmental samples in haiti. | in october of 2010, an outbreak of cholera was confirmed in haiti for the first time in more than a century. a single clone of toxigenic vibrio cholerae o1 biotype el tor serotype ogawa strain was implicated as the cause. five years after the onset of cholera, in october, 2015, we have discovered a major switch (ranging from 7 to 100%) from ogawa serotype to inaba serotype. furthermore, using wbet gene sequencing and comparative sequence analysis, we now demonstrate that, among 2013 and 2015 ina ... | 2016 | 27716803 |
| quantification of vibrio species in oysters from the gulf of mexico with two procedures based on mpn and pcr. | oysters can accumulate potentially pathogenic water bacteria. the objective of this study was to compare two procedures to quantify vibrio species present in oysters to determine the most sensitive method. we analyzed oyster samples from the gulf of mexico, commercialized in mexico city. the samples were inoculated in tubes with alkaline peptone water (apw), based on three tubes and four dilutions (10(-1) to 10(-4)). from these tubes, the first quantification of vibrio species was performed (mos ... | 2016 | 27709461 |
| retrospective analysis of serotype switching of vibrio cholerae o1 in a cholera endemic region shows it is a non-random process. | genomic data generated from clinical vibrio cholerae o1 isolates collected over a five year period in an area of kolkata, india with seasonal cholera outbreaks allowed a detailed genetic analysis of serotype switching that occurred from ogawa to inaba and back to ogawa. the change from ogawa to inaba resulted from mutational disruption of the methyltransferase encoded by the wbet gene. re-emergence of the ogawa serotype was found to result either from expansion of an already existing ogawa clade ... | 2016 | 27706170 |
| chlorination of household drinking water among cholera patients' households to prevent transmission of toxigenic vibrio cholerae in dhaka, bangladesh: chobi7 trial. | household members of cholera patients are at a 100 times higher risk of cholera infections than the general population because of shared contaminated drinking water sources and secondary transmission through poor household hygiene practices. in this study, we investigated the bactericidal concentration of free chlorine required to inactivate vibrio cholerae in household drinking water in dhaka, bangladesh. in laboratory experiments, we found that the concentrations of free chlorine required to i ... | 2016 | 27698273 |
| intrinsic gtpase activity of a ribosomal maturation protein cgta is associated with its inter-domain movement: insights from md simulations and biochemical studies. | cgta is an essential ribosome associated gtpase protein of bacteria. it has three domains, viz., obg, gtpase, and c-terminal domain. it is a multifunctional protein and it is being considered as a potential drug target against bacterial infections. despite the importance, cgta's action mechanisms are not well known which warrants further study. towards that goal, we are pursuing biochemical and computational studies in vibrio cholerae cgta (cgtavc). biochemically we found that a single amino aci ... | 2016 | 27677930 |
| role of a sensor histidine kinase chis of vibrio cholerae in pathogenesis. | vibrio cholera survival in an aquatic environment depends on chitin utilization pathway that requires two factors, chitin binding protein and chitinases. the chitinases and the chitin utilization pathway are regulated by a two-component sensor histidine kinase chis in v. cholerae. in recent studies these two factors are also shown to be involved in v. cholerae pathogenesis. however, the role played by their upstream regulator chis in pathogenesis is yet to be known. in this study, we investigate ... | 2016 | 27670078 |
| single nucleotide polymorphisms in regulator-encoding genes have an additive effect on virulence gene expression in a vibrio cholerae clinical isolate. | vibrio cholerae is the etiological agent of the infectious disease cholera, which is characterized by vomiting and severe watery diarrhea. recently, v. cholerae clinical isolates have demonstrated increased virulence capabilities, causing more severe symptoms with a much higher rate of disease progression than previously observed. we have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in four virulence-regulatory genes (hapr, hns, luxo, and viea) of a hypervirulent v. cholerae clinical isolat ... | 2017 | 27668288 |
| catalases and phob/phor system independently contribute to oxidative stress resistance in vibrio cholerae o1. | all cells are subjected to oxidative stress, a condition under which reactive oxygen species (ros) production exceeds elimination. bacterial defences against ros include synthesis of antioxidant enzymes like peroxidases and catalases. vibrio cholerae can produce two distinct catalases, katb and katg, which contribute to ros homeostasis. in this study, we analysed the mechanism behind katg and katb expression in two v. cholerae o1 pandemic strains, o395 and n16961, of classical and el tor biotype ... | 2016 | 27665757 |
| the unusual redox properties of c-type oxidases. | cytochrome cbb3 (also known as c-type) oxidases belong to the family of heme-copper terminal oxidases which couple at the end of the respiratory chain the reduction of molecular oxygen into water and the pumping of protons across the membrane. they are expressed most often at low pressure of o2 and they exhibit a low homology of sequence with the cytochrome aa3 (a-type) oxidases found in mitochondria. their binuclear active site comprises a high-spin heme b3 associated with a cub center. the pro ... | 2016 | 27664317 |
| characterization of the gluconate utilization system of vibrio cholerae with special reference to virulence modulation. | orthologs search identified that the vibrio cholerae gluconate (gnt) utilization system minimally consisted of the entner-doudoroff (ed) pathway (edd and eda) and three other genes, namely gntu, gntk and gntr this system appeared unique by genomic organization of component genes into two operons transcribed in opposite directions. in silico analysis indicated gntu as an inner-membrane protein functioning for transport and gntk as a kinase with cytosolic localization that generates gnt6p, which i ... | 2016 | 27650573 |
| disease dynamics in a coupled cholera model linking within-host and between-host interactions. | a new modelling framework is proposed to study the within-host and between-host dynamics of cholera, a severe intestinal infection caused by the bacterium vibrio cholerae. the within-host dynamics are characterized by the growth of highly infectious vibrios inside the human body. these vibrios shed from humans contribute to the environmental bacterial growth and the transmission of the disease among humans, providing a link from the within-host dynamics at the individual level to the between-hos ... | 2017 | 27646159 |
| emergence of a competence-reducing filamentous phage from the genome of acinetobacter baylyi adp1. | bacterial genomes commonly contain prophage sequences as a result of past infections with lysogenic phages. many of these integrated viral sequences are believed to be cryptic, but prophage genes are sometimes coopted by the host, and some prophages may be reactivated to form infectious particles when cells are stressed or mutate. we found that a previously uncharacterized filamentous phage emerged from the genome of acinetobacter baylyi adp1 during a laboratory evolution experiment. this phage ... | 2016 | 27645387 |
| strong ph dependence of coupling efficiency of the na+ - translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na+-nqr) of vibrio cholerae. | the na+-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (nqr) is the entry site for electrons into the respiratory chain of vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera disease. nqr couples the electron transfer from nadh to ubiquinone to the translocation of sodium ions across the membrane. we investigated the ph dependence of electron transfer and generation of a transmembrane voltage (δψ) by nqr reconstituted in liposomes with na+ or li+ as coupling cation. δψ formation was followed with the vol ... | 2017 | 27639271 |
| adherence to intestinal cells promotes biofilm formation in vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae, the etiological agent of cholera, is known to form biofilms to persist in the environment. it is demonstrated here that even during infection, biofilm genes are upregulated, and microscopic observation indicated that biofilm formation is initiated almost immediately after adherence of v. cholerae to intestinal cells. about 7-fold upregulation of the biofilm regulatory gene vpst was observed within 30 minutes of adherence of v. cholerae to the intestinal cell line int 407, and a ... | 2016 | 27638940 |
| antibacterial activity of polyphenolic fraction of kombucha against enteric bacterial pathogens. | the emergence of multi-drug-resistant enteric pathogens has prompted the scientist community to explore the therapeutic potentials of traditional foods and beverages. the present study was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of kombucha, a fermented beverage of sugared black tea, against enterotoxigenic escherichia coli, vibrio cholerae, shigella flexneri and salmonella typhimurium followed by the identification of the antibacterial components present in kombucha. the antibacterial activity w ... | 2016 | 27638313 |
| microbial herd protection mediated by antagonistic interaction in polymicrobial communities. | in the host and natural environments, microbes often exist in complex multispecies communities. the molecular mechanisms through which such communities develop and persist - despite significant antagonistic interactions between species - are not well understood. the type vi secretion system (t6ss) is a lethal weapon commonly employed by gram-negative bacteria to inhibit neighboring species through delivery of toxic effectors. it is well established that intra-species protection is conferred by i ... | 2016 | 27637882 |
| thiol-based switch mechanism of virulence regulator aphb modulates oxidative stress response in vibrio cholerae. | bacterial pathogens display versatile gene expression to adapt to changing surroundings. for example, vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, utilizes distinct genetic programs to combat reactive oxygen species (ros) in aquatic environments or during host infection. we previously reported that the virulence activator aphb in v. cholerae is involved in ros resistance. here by performing a genetic screen, we show that aphb represses ros resistance gene ohra, which is also repressed by ano ... | 2016 | 27625149 |
| total synthesis of the complete protective antigen of vibrio cholerae o139. | the first chemical synthesis of the complete protective o-antigen of a human-disease-causing pathogenic bacterium is described. the synthesis involved a protecting-group strategy that facilitated the regioselectivity of the key transformations, stereoselective glycosylation reactions, and enabled the one-step global deprotection of the completely assembled, fully protected, phosphorylated hexasaccharide by hydrogenation/hydrogenolysis. the final amino-group-functionalized, linker-equipped antige ... | 2016 | 27623688 |
| genetic studies of vibrio cholerae in south west cameroon-a phylogenetic analysis of isolates from the 2010-2011 epidemic. | during the cholera outbreak from 2010 to 2011 in cameroon, 33,192 cases with 1,440 deaths (case fatality ratio 4.34%) were reported to the world health organization. of these, the south west region reported 3,120 clinical cases. this region is in the equatorial monsoon climatic subzone of cameroon, close to the coast, raising questions as to whether cases were linked with development of environmental reservoirs. | 2016 | 27617169 |
| redox pathway sensing bile salts activates virulence gene expression in vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the severe diarrheal disease cholera, has evolved signal transduction systems to control co-ordinately the expression of virulence determinants. it was previously shown that the presence of the bile salts glycocholate and taurocholate in the small intestine causes dimerization of the transmembrane transcription factor tcpp by inducing intermolecular disulphide bonds in the tcpp periplasmic domain. in this study, they further investigated the mechanism of h ... | 2016 | 27610607 |
| sialylation transmogrifies human breast and pancreatic cancer cells into 3d multicellular tumor spheroids using cyclic rgd-peptide induced self-assembly. | multicellular tumor spheroids (mts) have been at the forefront of cancer research, designed to mimic tumor-like developmental patterns in vitro. tumor growth in vivo is highly influenced by aberrant cell surface-specific sialoglycan structures on glycoproteins. aberrant sialoglycan patterns that facilitate mts formation are not well defined. matrix-free spheroids from breast mcf-7 and pancreatic panc1 cancer cell lines and their respective tamoxifen (tmx) and gemcitabine (gem) resistant variants ... | 2016 | 27608845 |
| ctxϕ: exploring new alternatives in host factor-mediated filamentous phage replications. | for a long time ff phages from escherichia coli provided the majority of the knowledge about the rolling circle replication mechanism of filamentous phages. host factors involved in coliphages replication have been fully identified. based on these studies, the function of rep protein as the accessory helicase directly implicated in filamentous phage replication was considered a paradigm. we recently reported that the replication of some filamentous phages from vibrio cholerae, including the chol ... | 2017 | 27607139 |