Publications

two nf-κb inhibitor-alpha (iκbα) genes from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): molecular characterization, genomic organization and mrna expression analysis after immune stimulation.	ikba is a member of ikb family, which sequesters nf-kb in an inactivate form in the cytoplasm and blocks the translocation of nf-kb to nucleus. the ikba paralogs of rock bream (ofikba-a and ofikba-b) encoded ikba proteins with typical features including, highly conserved ikb degradation motif, six ankyrin repeats and a pest sequence. however, their amino acid identity and similarity were only 55.6 and 69.7%, respectively suggesting that these two genes could be the two different isoforms of ikba ...	2014	25462458
two carboxypeptidase counterparts from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): molecular characterization, genomic arrangement and immune responses upon pathogenic stresses.	carboxypeptidases (cps) are proteases that hydrolyze c-terminal peptide bonds. they are involved in regulating the complement system of the immune system. here, we report the molecular characterization and immune response of two carboxypeptidases, named carboxypeptidase a (rb-cpa) and carboxypeptidase n1 (rb-cpn1), from rock bream. the genomic sequence of rb-cpa contains 12 exons interrupted by 11 introns, while the genomic sequence of rb-cpn1 has 9 exons and 8 introns. the cdna sequence of rb-c ...	2014	25457548
molecular genomic- and transcriptional-aspects of a teleost traf6 homolog: possible involvement in immune responses of oplegnathus fasciatus against pathogens.	tumor necrosis factor receptor (tnfr)-associated factor 6 (traf6) is a crucial docking molecule for tnfr superfamily and interleukin-1 receptor/toll-like receptor (il-1r/tlr) superfamily. as an adaptor protein in pathogen-induced signaling cascades, traf6 modulates both adaptive- and innate-immunity. in order to understand the immune responses of teleost traf6, oplegnathus fasciatus traf6-like gene (oftraf6) was identified and characterized. genomic length of oftraf6 (4 kb), obtained by means of ...	2015	25449707
mavs splicing variants contribute to the induction of interferon and interferon-stimulated genes mediated by rig-i-like receptors.	the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (mavs) plays a key role in the signal transduction of rig-i-like receptors (rlrs)-mediated antiviral response. in the present study, zebrafish mavs transcript variants, namely mavs_tv1 and mavs_tv2, were cloned from zebrafish embryos. the putative mavs_tv1 protein (full length form) contains an n-terminal card domain, a central proline region, and a c-terminal transmembrane domain (tm). mavs_tv2 is generated by a 190 bp intron fragment insertion. the ...	2015	25445907
first molecular cloning and gene expression analysis of teleost cd42 (glycoprotein ib beta chain) gpib-ix-v subunit from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus.	cd42 is a platelet membrane glycoprotein ib that plays a key role in haemostasis and thrombin-induced platelet activation. here, we report the molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the cd42c gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus). rock bream cd42 (rbcd42c) gene expression profiles were determined after infection with streptococcus iniae, edwardsiella tarda and red seabream iridovirus (rsiv). the full-length rbcd42c cdna contained an open reading frame of 624 bp encoding 207 amino acid ...	2015	25445900
a c-type lectin isolated from the skin of japanese bullhead shark (heterodontus japonicus) binds a remarkably broad range of sugars and induces blood coagulation.	the aim of this study was to determine the physiological role of skin lectins of the japanese bullhead shark (heterodontus japonicus). a skin extract was subjected to affinity chromatography using seven different sugars as ligands. molecular mass and n-terminal amino acid sequence analyses indicated elution of the same protein by each of the seven respective cognate ligands from sugar affinity columns. the predicted amino acid sequence encoded by the cdna of this protein [designated as h. japoni ...	2015	25433861
an invasive and low virulent edwardsiella tarda esrb mutant promising as live attenuated vaccine in aquaculture.	edwardsiella tarda is a leading fish pathogen haunting worldwide aquaculture industry. in e. tarda, two-component system esra-esrb positively regulates type iii and vi secretion systems (t3ss and t6ss) and negatively regulates hemolysin etha, which has been demonstrated to be essential for the invasion processes in fish. in order to develop a live attenuated vaccine (lav) with high invasiveness to be practically and economically used as immersion-administered vaccine in aquaculture, here, we gen ...	2015	25431010
edwardsiella tarda mlic, a lysozyme inhibitor that participates in pathogenesis in a manner that parallels ivy.	edwardsiella tarda, a bacterial pathogen to farmed fish as well as humans, possesses the genes of two lysozyme inhibitors, ivy and mlic (ivy(et) and mlic(et)). we recently studied ivyet and found it to be implicated in e. tarda virulence. in the present study, we characterized mlic(et) in comparison with ivy(et) in a turbot model. mlic(et) contains the fwskg motif and two cysteines (c33 and c98) that are highly conserved in subgroup 1 mlics but are of unknown functional importance. to examine th ...	2014	25404031
a disordered region in the evpp protein from the type vi secretion system of edwardsiella tarda is essential for evpc binding.	the type vi secretion system (t6ss) of pathogenic bacteria plays important roles in both virulence and inter-bacterial competitions. the effectors of t6ss are presumed to be transported either by attaching to the tip protein or by interacting with hcpi (haemolysin corregulated protein 1). in edwardsiella tarda ppd130/91, the t6ss secreted protein evpp (e. tarda virulent protein p) is found to be essential for virulence and directly interacts with evpc (hcp-like), suggesting that it could be a po ...	2014	25401506
aerobic bacterial microbiota isolated from the cloaca of the european pond turtle (emys orbicularis) in poland.	we conducted a comparative analysis of the aerobic cloacal bacteria of european pond turtles (emys orbicularis) living in their natural environment and juvenile turtles reared under controlled conditions in a breeding center. we included 130 turtles in the study. the aerobic bacteria isolated from the cloaca of the juvenile turtles were less diverse and more prevalent than the bacteria isolated from free-living adults. we isolated 17 bacterial species from juvenile captive turtles, among which t ...	2015	25380369
infected hydatid cysts bacteria in slaughtered livestock and their effects on protoscoleces degeneration.	the protoscoleces of fertile hydatid cysts are considered as major risks in surgery and producing secondary cysts if rupture the cyst during operation and, cause infecting the dogs with adult worm if eaten by this animal. bacterial infection of the hydatid fluid can lead to sterilization of the cyst.	2014	25371792
concise synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the o-polysaccharide isolated from edwardsiella tarda pcm 1156 strain.	a convergent strategy has been developed for the synthesis of the tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the o-antigen from edwardsiella tarda pcm 1156. sequential glycosylations of a series of rationally protected monosaccharide intermediates were achieved either by the activation of thioglycosides using n-iodosuccinimide (nis) in conjunction with h2so4-silica or by activation of trichloroacetimidate by h2so4-silica only. all glycosylation reactions resulted in the formation of the desired linkage w ...	2014	25369263
comprehensive gene expression profiling in japanese flounder kidney after injection with two different formalin-killed pathogenic bacteria.	pathogenic bacteria possess some components, that are recognized by the host immune receptors. different components are recognized by distinct receptors, and thus it is speculated that these components may regulate different gene sets. to investigate the gene expression profiles regulated by different bacterial components in japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus, japanese flounder were intraperitoneally injected with formalin-killed bacterial cells (fkc) of edwardsiella tarda and streptococcu ...	2014	25304547
molecular characterization and transcriptional analysis of non-mammalian type toll like receptor (tlr21) from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus).	toll-like receptors (tlrs) are a large family of pattern recognition receptors, which are involved in triggering host immune responses against various pathogens by detecting their evolutionarily conserved pathogen associated molecular patterns (pamps). tlr21 is a non-mammalian type tlr, which recognizes unmethylated cpg dna, and is considered as a functional homolog of mammalian tlr9. in this study, we attempted to identify and characterize a novel tlr21 counterpart from rock bream (oplegnathus ...	2014	25300254
role of intestinal inflammation in predisposition of edwardsiella tarda infection in zebrafish (danio rerio).	edwardsiella tarda, an enteric opportunistic pathogen, is associated with acute to chronic edwardsiellosis in cultured fish, resulting in heavy losses in aquaculture. to date, the pathogenesis of e. tarda has been extensively studied and a great deal of vaccine candidates have been attempted. however, the research on the predisposition of e. tarda infection is poorly reported. in this study, the effects of intestinal inflammation on e. tarda infection were investigated using a zebrafish model th ...	2014	25224880
a live attenuated combination vaccine evokes effective immune-mediated protection against edwardsiella tarda and vibrio anguillarum.	edwardsiella tarda and vibrio anguillarum are the two main pathogenic bacteria that cause edwardsiellosis and vibriosis in various species of fish raised in aquaculture. in our previous study, the live attenuated vaccines e. tarda wed and v. anguillarum mvav6203 showed robust relative protection when vaccinated zebrafish or turbot were challenged with virulent e. tarda or v. anguillarum, respectively. additionally, vaccinated fish processed the two vaccines through different pathways of antigen ...	2014	25219565
type iii secretion system genes of edwardsiella tarda associated with intracellular replication and virulence in zebrafish.	the type iii secretion system (t3ss) is essential for intracellular replication of edwardsiella tarda in phagocytes of fish and mammals. two possible effector candidate genes (esee and eseg) and 7 hypothetical genes (esab, escc, orf13, orf19, orf26, orf29, and orf30) located in the t3ss gene cluster were inactivated by an allelic exchange method, and we found that e. tarda strains carrying insertion mutations in escc, orf13, orf19, orf29, and orf30 were unable to replicate within j774 macrophage ...	2014	25144115
a new target for the old regulator: h-ns suppress t6ss secretory protein evpp, the major virulence factor in the fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda.	the evpp gene in fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda, coding the t6ss secretory protein evpp and carrying an evpa-evpo independent promoter region, was crucial for host cell invasion. the transcription of evpp was positively regulated by either the two-component system esra-esrb or iron concentration, and its overexpression was known to enhance the invasion ability in our previous study. this work demonstrated that the h-ns protein, a pleiotropic regulator of gene expression, was a new transcriptio ...	2014	25131176
cloning and expression analysis of three novel cc chemokine genes from japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus).	chemokines are small cytokines secreted by various cell types. they not only function in cell activation, differentiation and trafficking, but they also have influences on many biological processes. in this study, three novel cc chemokine genes paol-scya105, 106 and 107 in japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) were cloned and characterized. paol-scya105 was mainly detected in gill, kidney and spleen, paol-scya106 was detected in all tissues examined and paol-scya107 was mainly detected in t ...	2014	25123833
[a comparison of methods for identifying mast cells of cyprinus carpio].	to compare different identifying methods of the mast cells of red crucian carp (cyprinus carpio).	2014	25108443
emerging causes of superficial and invasive infections following marine injuries and exposures.	soft tissue bacterial infections following aquatic animal bites, stings, and minor injuries occur commonly and usually on the extremities in fishermen and beachgoers worldwide after freshwater and saltwater exposures. louisiana has more tidal, saltwater, and brackish water shorelines (more than 7,000 miles) than any other state, including alaska and hawaii. as a result, louisiana residents are often exposed to marine pathogens when fishing or working offshore or when enjoying louisiana's miles o ...	2017	25075726
a cdna microarray analysis to identify genes involved in the acute-phase response pathway of the olive flounder after infection with edwardsiella tarda.	the acute-phase response (apr) is an important systemic reaction that occurs within hours of an inflammatory signal caused by physical bodily injury or microbial infection. to investigate the apr of the olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) following infection with a pathogen, we established an expressed sequence tag (est)-based cdna microarray chip composed of 13,061 pcr-amplified cdnas encoding unique genes selected from an olive flounder est analysis. microarray analyses showed that the set ...	2014	25063225
interferon-α2b against microbes through promoting biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids.	interferon (ifn) family is a large group of cytokines involved in innate immune response against various microorganisms. however, whether ifn functions in antimicrobial property by metabolic pathways is largely unknown. in the present study, gc-ms-based metabolome is investigated in humoral fluid of zebrafish (danio rerio) which are exposed to three doses of ifn-α2b, designed as ifn-l, ifn-m, and ifn-h. out of 67 compounds identified, 19, 28, and 29 differential abundances of metabolites are ide ...	2014	25058871
expression analysis and biological activity of moronecidin from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus.	the piscidin-family, one of antimicrobial peptides (amps) mainly distributed in fish, is crucial effectors of fish innate immune response. piscidin-family typically has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and the ability to modulate the immune response. in this study, we identified moronecidin (rbmoro) included in piscidin-family from rock bream and investigated its gene expression using quantitative real-time pcr and biological activity (including antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity). the co ...	2014	25050859
effects of dietary scutellaria baicalensis extract on growth, feed utilization and challenge test of olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus).	effects of dietary scutellaria baicalensis extract (sbe) on growth, feed utilization and challenge test of olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) were determined. six hundred thirty fish averaging 5.0 g were distributed into 18, 180-l tanks. six experimental diets were prepared in triplicate: sbe-0, sbe-0.5, sbe-1, sbe-2, sbe-3 and sbe-5 diets containing sbe at the concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5%, respectively. fish were hand-fed to apparent satiation twice a day for 8 wks. at the end ...	2013	25049710
cloning, characterisation, and expression analysis of the cathepsin d gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus).	cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases belonging to the papain family, members of which play important roles in normal metabolism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) cathepsin d (rbctsd) cdnas were identified by expressed sequence tag analysis of a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the full-length rbctsd cdna (1644 bp) contained an open reading frame of 1191 bp encoding 396 amino acids. alignment analysis revealed that t ...	2014	25038285
atp release channel pannexin1 is a novel immune response gene in japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus.	extracellular atp is an important damage-associated molecular pattern molecule that plays key roles in innate immunity. in fish, however, the mechanism for extracellular atp release remains largely undefined. pannexin1 (panx1) is a newly discovered extracellular atp release channel with a wide tissue distribution and diverse biological functions in mammals. in the present study, we identified and characterized a panx1 homolog cdna, termed popanx1, from japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus, w ...	2014	25007779
calmodulin is a stress and immune response gene in chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis.	calmodulin (cam) is a multifunctional calcium sensor protein that participates in various cellular processes under normal, stress and pathological conditions. in crabs, however, the involvement of cam in response to environmental stress and immune challenges has not been revealed yet. in the present study, a cam cdna (escam) was identified from chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis and its mrna expression patterns in response to ambient (salinity and ph) stress and immune challenges was examine ...	2014	24997436
identification of a novel fish granzyme involved in cell-mediated immunity.	granzymes (gzms) are serine proteases released from cytoplasmic granules within cytotoxic t lymphocytes and natural killer (nk) cells. gzms induce apoptosis within virus-infected and transformed cells. in fish as well as mammals, gzms appear to play a major role in inducing target cell death. however, information on the function of fish gzms is limited, although gzm-like genes have been reported in several species. we identified and characterized a fish gzm (termed gcgzm) in ginbuna crucian carp ...	2014	24968079
antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characterisation of oxytetracycline-resistant edwardsiella tarda isolated from diseased eels.	edwardsiellosis is one of the most important bacterial diseases in eels. edwardsiella tarda (e. tarda) isolates (n=94) from diseased eels were screened against the eight most commonly used antimicrobial agents in aquaculture in taiwan. these isolates were highly susceptible to ampicillin, amoxicillin, florfenicol, oxolinic acid and flumequine. in total, 20 of the 94 (21.3 per cent) isolates tested were resistant to oxytetracycline (otc). among the 20 tetracycline-resistant e. tarda isolates, tet ...	2014	24958553
molecular aspects, genomic arrangement and immune responsive mrna expression profiles of two cxc chemokine receptor homologs (cxcr1 and cxcr2) from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus.	the cxcr1 and cxcr2 are the prototypical receptors and are the only known receptors for mammalian elr+ (glu-leu-arg) cxc chemokines, including cxcl8 (interleukin 8). these receptors transduce the elr+ chemokine signals and operate the downstream signaling pathways in inflammation and innate immunity. in this study, we report the identification and characterization of cxcr1 and cxcr2 genes from rock bream fish (ofcxcr1 and ofcxcr2) at the molecular level. the cdna and genomic dna sequences of the ...	2014	24945570
preventive and therapeutic effects of auxotrophic edwardsiella tarda mutant harboring cpg 1668 motif-enriched plasmids against scuticociliatosis in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus).	previously generated two auxotrophic genes knockout edwardsiella tarda (δalr δasd e. tarda) was used as a delivery vehicle for cpg 1668 motif-enriched plasmids (pl-cpg30), and potential of the δalr δasd e. tarda-mediated delivery of cpg motifs in both prevention and therapeutic treatment of scuticociliatosis caused by miamiensis avidus in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) was investigated. the auxotrophic e. tarda mutant with pl-cpg30 plasmids elicited evidently higher survival rates and d ...	2014	24929150
draft genome sequences of two genetic variant strains of edwardsiella piscicida, jf1305 and rsb1309, isolated from olive flounder (paralichythys olivaceus) and red sea bream (pagrus major) cultured in japan, respectively.	edwardsiella piscicida is a new species discovered within the group of organisms traditionally classified as edwardsiella tarda. we present draft genome sequences of two variant strains of e. piscicida, jf1305 and rsb1309. differences in protein-coding sequence between these isolates are associated with virulence, disease, and defense, suggesting differences in pathogenicity.	2014	24926054
edwardsiella tarda-induced cytotoxicity depends on its type iii secretion system and flagellin.	many gram-negative bacteria utilize a type iii secretion system (t3ss) to translocate virulence proteins into host cells to cause diseases. in responding to infection, macrophages detect some of the translocated proteins to activate caspase-1-mediated cell death, called pyroptosis, and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines to control the infection. edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative enteric pathogen that causes hemorrhagic septicemia in fish and both gastrointestinal and extraintestinal infe ...	2014	24891103
lack of a contact requirement for direct antibacterial activity of lymphocyte subpopulations in ginbuna crucian carp.	cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) recognize and kill cells infected with viruses, intracellular bacteria and tumors with mhc restriction and antigen specificity. in addition to these activities, recent studies in mammals have suggested that ctl can exhibit direct microbicidal activity. in our previous study we documented direct antibacterial activity of cd4(+) t cells and sigm(+) cells as well as cd8α(+) t cells from immunized fish. however, we also found weak non-specific killing activity of lympho ...	2014	24859594
expression and protective role of two novel nacht-containing proteins in pathogen infection.	lower vertebrates have been found to possess over 200 nacht-domain encoding genes; but, to date, very little is known about their functional activity. this article describes the sequences and expression analysis of two zebrafish nacht-containing proteins, namely nalpl1 and nalpl2. in addition, the functions of zebrafish nalpl1 and nalpl2, which are absent for both amino-terminal effector-binding domain (ebd) and carboxy-terminal ligand-recognition domain (lrd), were investigated for the first ti ...	2014	24858030
gc/ms-based metabolomics approach to identify biomarkers differentiating survivals from death in crucian carps infected by edwardsiella tarda.	microbial disease problems constitute the largest single cause of economic losses in aquaculture. an understanding of immune system in aquaculture animals how to function in defense against bacterial infections is especially important to control these diseases and improve food quality and safety. in the present study, we use a crucian carp model to explore which pathways and metabolites are crucial for the defense against infection caused by edwardsiella tarda eib202. we establish the metabolic ...	2014	24837326
molecular characterization and expression analysis of atp-gated p2x7 receptor involved in japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) innate immune response.	atp-gated p2x7 receptor (p2rx7) channel is a key component for purinergic signaling and plays important roles in the innate immune response in mammals. however, the expression, molecular properties and immune significances of p2rx7 in lower vertebrates are still very limited. here we identified and characterized a novel bony fish p2rx7 homologue cdna, termed pop2rx7, in japanese flounder (paralichthys olivaceus). pop2rx7 protein shares about 60-88% sequence similarity and 45-78% sequence identit ...	2014	24796752
hu-induced polymorphous filamentation in fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda leading to reduced invasion and virulence in zebrafish.	edwardsiella tarda is a rod-shaped gram-negative pathogenic bacterium that causes hemorrhagic septicemia in fish. nucleoid-associated protein hu is a basic dna-binding protein with structural specificity in regulating genes expression. in wild-type e. tarda eib202, hu is composed of two subunits huα (hupa) and huβ (hupb), and exists in homodimer or heterodimer forms. different from the wild-type and δhupb mutant, δhupa mutant was found to be defective in cell growth, h2s production, acid adaptat ...	2014	24793099
multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis of edwardsiella piscicida isolates pathogenic to fish.	this study describes a novel multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (mlva) based on six variable number of tandem repeat (vntr) loci for genotyping of 37 edwardsiella piscicida (previously edwardsiella tarda) isolates from multiple sources. the number of alleles identified for each of the six vntr loci ranged from 3 to 5 with vntr loci 1 (di = 0.632) and 3 (di = 0.644), displaying the highest degrees of polymorphism. mlva typing of the 37 e. piscicida isolates resulted in the identifi ...	2014	24749655
cell-penetrating peptides mediated protein cross-membrane delivery and its use in bacterial vector vaccine.	it is an attractive strategy to develop a recombinant bacterial vector vaccine by expressing exogenous protective antigen to induce the immune response, and the main concern is how to enhance the cellular internalization of antigen produced by bacterial vector. cell-penetrating peptides (cpps) are short cationic/amphipathic peptides which facilitate cellular uptake of various molecular cargoes and therefore have great potentials in vector vaccine design. in this work, eleven different cpps were ...	2014	24746937
complete genome sequence of the edwardsiella ictaluri-specific bacteriophage pei21, isolated from river water in japan.	we present the complete genome sequence for a novel edwardsiella ictaluri-specific bacteriophage, pei21, isolated from river water in japan. an initial comparative genome analysis revealed that the phage was closely related to the previously reported edwardsiella tarda phage msw-3 isolated from a red sea bream farm in japan.	2014	24699953
in vitro quenching of fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda ahl production using marine bacterium tenacibaculum sp. strain 20j cell extracts.	quorum quenching (qq) has become an interesting alternative for solving the problem of bacterial antibiotic resistance, especially in the aquaculture industry, since many species of fish-pathogenic bacteria control their virulence factors through quorum sensing (qs) systems mediated by n-acylhomoserine lactones (ahls). in a screening for bacterial strains with qq activity in different marine environments, tenacibaculum sp. strain 20j was identified and selected for its high degradation activity ...	2014	24695235
identification and expression analysis of lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-alpha factor gene in chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis.	lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-alpha factor (litaf) is an important transcription factor in transcriptional regulation of tnf-alpha and other cytokines. here we identified a full-length litaf homolog cdna, termed eslitaf, that contains a 71 bp 5'-untranslated sequence, an open reading frame consisting of 381 bp, and a 208 bp 3'-untranslated sequence in chinese mitten crab (eriocheir sinensis), an economically important freshwater crustacean species in china. eslitaf protein possesses a conserved ...	2014	24657317
impact of co-deficiency of rpon and rpos on stress tolerance, virulence and gene regulation in edwardsiella tarda.	edwardsiella tarda the etiological agent for edwardsiellosis, a devastating fish disease prevailing in worldwide aquaculture industries was subjected to a molecular genetic study. to research into the influence when rpon (σ(54) ) and rpos (σ(38) ) were deleted simultaneously, the double deletion mutant of rpon (σ(54) ) and rpos (σ(38) ), namely rnrs, was constructed. firstly, rpon and rpos are both essential for h2 o2 , starvation, high osmotic pressure and acid resistance, which have synergisti ...	2014	24633758
a mutation in rcsb, a gene encoding the core component of the rcs cascade, enhances the virulence of edwardsiella tarda.	edwardsiella tarda, a gram-negative bacterium of the family enterobacteriaceae, is the causative agent of the systemic disease edwardsiellosis, which is a major problem in aquaculture industry worldwide. many virulence-related genes in e. tarda have been investigated, but the rcs phosphorelay, a two-component pathway, which regulates several cell-surface-associated structures related to invasion and survival in host cells, has not yet been thoroughly studied. in the present study, an rcsb in-fra ...	2014	24631591
eha, a transcriptional regulator of hemolytic activity of edwardsiella tarda.	hemolysis causes major symptoms such as the reddening skin and systemic hemorrhagic septicemia of diseased fish infected by edwardsiella tarda. cytolysin a (clya) is a pore-forming cytotoxic protein encoded by the clya gene in escherichia coli k-12. in this study, we observed that the heterologous expression of the eha gene from e. tarda could confer hemolytic activity upon a hemolytic-silent e. coli strain. the transcription of clya is positively controlled by the eha gene in e. tarda by rt-pcr ...	2014	24628619
in situ total aortic arch replacement for infected distal aortic arch aneurysms with penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer.	we present a series of patients who underwent in situ total aortic arch replacement for infected distal aortic arch aneurysms.	2014	24607377
edwardsiella tarda hfq: impact on host infection and global protein expression.	hfq is an rna-binding protein that plays an important role in many cellular processes. in this study, we examined the biological effect of the hfq of edwardsiella tarda, a severe fish pathogen with a broad host range that includes humans. to facilitate the study, a markerless hfq in-frame deletion wild type, txhfq, was constructed. compared to the wild type tx01, txhfq exhibited (i) retarded planktonic and biofilm growth, (ii) decreased resistance against oxidative stress, (iii) attenuated overa ...	2014	24568370
cloning and expression analyses of interferon regulatory factor (irf) 3 and 7 genes in european eel, anguilla anguilla with the identification of genes involved in ifn production.	interferon regulatory factor (irf) 3 and irf7 have been identified as regulators of type i interferon (ifn) gene expression in mammals. in the present study, the two genes were cloned and characterized in the european eel, anguilla anguilla. the full-length cdna sequence of irf3 and irf7 in the european eel, named as aairf3 and aairf7 consists of 2879 and 2419 bp respectively. multiple alignments showed that the two irfs have a highly conserved dna binding domain (dbd) in the n terminus, with th ...	2014	24565894
bacterial infections from aquatic species: potential for and prevention of contact zoonoses.	as aquaculture production and the consumption of aquaculture products increase, the possibility of contracting zoonotic infections from either handling or ingesting these products also increases. the principal pathogens acquired topically from fish or shellfish through spine/pincer puncture or open wounds are aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda, mycobacterium marinum, streptococcus iniae, vibrio vulnificus and v. damsela. these pathogens, which are all indigenous to the aquatic environment, ...	2013	24547653
effect of edwardsiella tarda immunization on systemic immune response, mucosal immune response and protection in catla (catla catla).	the effect of immunization on systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses of fish and their possible relation with protection has not been fully assessed. in this study, healthy catla (catla catla) were immunized against edwardsiella tarda using two antigenic preparations namely, whole cell bacterin (b) and bacterin mixed with freund's complete adjuvant in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio (b+a) followed by a booster dose after 3 weeks of first injection. different systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune resp ...	2014	24477841
dna vaccines: roles against diseases.	vaccination is the most successful application of immunological principles to human health. vaccine efficacy needs to be reviewed from time to time and its safety is an overriding consideration. dna vaccines offer simple yet effective means of inducing broad-based immunity. these vaccines work by allowing the expression of the microbial antigen inside host cells that take up the plasmid. these vaccines function by generating the desired antigen inside the cells, with the advantage that this may ...	2013	24432284
molecular cloning and expression analysis of two lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-α factors (litafs) from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus.	lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α factor (litaf) plays an important role controlling the expression of tnf-α and the other cytokine genes in the presence of lps. however, two litaf homologues have not been characterized in fish. in this study, we cloned two distinct litaf (rblitaf1 and rblitaf2) cdnas from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) and characterized their expression profiles after infection with edwardsiella tarda, streptococcus iniae or red seabream iridovi ...	2014	24394623
development of a multiplex pcr assay to detect edwardsiella tarda, streptococcus parauberis, and streptococcus iniae in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus).	a multiplex pcr protocol was established to simultaneously detect major bacterial pathogens in olive flounder (paralichthys olivaceus) including edwardsiella (e.) tarda, streptococcus (s.) parauberis, and s. iniae. the pcr assay was able to detect 0.01 ng of e. tarda, 0.1 ng of s. parauberis, and 1 ng of s. iniae genomic dna. furthermore, this technique was found to have high specificity when tested with related bacterial species. this method represents a cheaper, faster, and reliable alternativ ...	2014	24378589
molecular identification and expression analysis of a natural killer cell enhancing factor (nkef) from rock bream oplegnathus fasciatus and the biological activity of its recombinant protein.	natural killer cell enhancing factor (nkef) belongs to the defined peroxiredoxin (prx) family. rock bream nkef cdna was identified by expressed sequence tag (est) analysis of rock bream liver that was stimulated with the lps. the full-length rbnkef cdna (1062 bp) contained an open reading frame (orf) of 594 bp encoding 198 amino acids. rbnkef was significantly expressed in the gill, liver, and intestine. mrna expression of nkef in the head kidney was examined under viral and bacterial challenge ...	2011	24371552
identification and characterization of lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-alpha factor gene from japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus.	lipopolysaccharide-induced tnf-α factor (litaf) is an important transcription factor participating in innate immunity through regulating tnf-α and other inflammatory cytokines expression. however, the expression and biological relevance of litaf in fish is still very limited. in this study, a full-length litaf cdna, termed politaf, was identified from japanese flounder paralichthys olivaceus. politaf contains a 67 bp 5'-untranslated sequence, a 435 bp open reading frame, and a 647 bp 3'-untransl ...	2014	24359872
first isolation and characterization of edwardsiella tarda from diseased striped catfish, pangasianodon hypophthalmus (sauvage).		2014	24344765
edwardsiella tarda superinfection in relapse of ulcerative colitis.		2014	24326755
outer membrane protein assembly factor yaet (omp85) and groel proteins of edwardsiella tarda are immunogenic antigens for labeo rohita (hamilton).		2014	24320972
role of cd4(+) and cd8α(+) t cells in protective immunity against edwardsiella tarda infection of ginbuna crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii.	edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in fish. our previous study suggests that cell-mediated immunity (cmi) plays an essential role in protection against e. tarda infection. in the present study, we adoptively transferred t-cell subsets sensitized with e. tarda to isogenic naïve ginbuna crucian carp to determination the t-cell subsets involved in protecting fish from e. tarda infection. recipients of cd4(+) and cd8α(+) cells acquired significant resistance ...	2014	24316500
complete genome sequence of channel catfish gastrointestinal septicemia isolate edwardsiella tarda c07-087.	edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative facultative anaerobe causing disease in animals and humans. here, we announce the complete genome sequence of the channel catfish isolate e. tarda strain c07-87, which was isolated from an outbreak of gastrointestinal septicemia on a commercial catfish farm.	2013	24265493
antimicrobial and herbal drug resistance in enteric bacteria isolated from faecal droppings of common house lizard/gecko (hemidactylus frenatus).	from 194 faecal dropping samples of common house geckos collected from offices (60), houses (88), integrated farm units (ifs,18) and hostels, guest houses, and dining rooms of different canteen/mess (hgm, 28), 326 bacterial isolates of enteric bacteria belonging to 17 genera and 34 species were detected. escherichia coli were the most frequently (39) isolated followed by citrobacter freundii (33), klebsiella pneumonia (27), salmonella indica (12), enterobacter gergoviae (12), and ent. agglomeran ...	2013	24223595
adjuvant and immunostimulatory effects of lps and β-glucan on immune response in japanese flounder, paralichthys olivaceus.	in order to investigate the adjuvant and immunostimulatory effects of lps and β-glucan, a highly effective vaccine candidate for edwardsiella tarda known as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) was recombinantly expressed in escherichia coli, which was intramuscularly injected into japanese flounder alone or containing lps or β-glucan. elisa analysis of sera showed that the fish immunized with rgapdh containing lps or β-glucan had significant higher antibody titers than rgapdh immuni ...	2013	24172018
mutations of flagellar genes flic12, flia and flhdc of edwardsiella tarda attenuated bacterial motility, biofilm formation and virulence to fish.	the aim of this study was to investigate functions of flagellar genes flic2, flic12, flia and flhdc in a bacterial fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda.	2014	24118854
phenotypic traits, virulence-associated gene profile and genetic relatedness of edwardsiella tarda isolates from japanese eel anguilla japonica in korea.	edwardsiella tarda is the predominant bacterium in farm-cultured eel in korea. here, we evaluated the heterogeneity of 37 e. tarda isolates derived from japanese eel with various origins (olive flounder, common carp and ornamental fish) between 2003 and 2010. regardless of origins, the biochemical characteristics of e. tarda isolates were homogenous except hydrogen sulfide production, citrate utilization and mannitol fermentation. based on the phylogenetic analysis of 16s rrna, e. tarda isolates ...	2014	24117973
melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 in zebrafish provoking higher interferon-promoter activity through signalling enhancing of its shorter splicing variant.	melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (mda5) is one of the three members in the retinoic acid-inducible gene i-like receptor (rlr) family, which are cytoplasmic pathogen recognition receptors recognizing intracellular viruses. in the present study, mda5 and its spliced shorter forms, named as mda5a and mda5b, were identified in zebrafish. mda5a and mda5b can be up-regulated in cell lines following the infection of a negative ssrna virus, the spring viraemia of carp virus (svcv), and an intr ...	0	24116956
identification of protective immunogens from extracellular secretome of edwardsiella tarda.	edwardsiella tarda is an opportunistic pathogen that causes a great loss in aquaculture. identification of immune protective immunogens is a key step for development of subunit vaccines and control of the infectious diseases caused by the bacterium. this study aims to identify the protective antigens from extracellular secretory proteome of e. tarda. out of 38 extracellular secretory proteins predicted by psortb, 20 genes were randomly cloned and their recombinant proteins were expressed in esch ...	2013	24099803
genetic organization of two types of flounder warm-temperature acclimation-associated 65-kda protein and their gene expression profiles.	we isolated and characterized two cdna clone encoding warm-temperature acclimation-associated 65-kda proteins (powap65-1 and powap65-2) from the olive flounder, paralichthys olivaceus. the deduced amino acid sequences of powap65s showed overall identities of 33-73% with other fish wap65 and mammalian hemopexin-like proteins. the 5'-flanking regions of both powap65-encoding genes contained various putative transcriptional elements. while powap65-1 and powap65-2 were structurally similar, they exh ...	2013	24096660
rainbow trout peptidoglycan recognition protein has an anti-inflammatory function in liver cells.	peptidoglycan recognition proteins (pgrps) are innate immune molecules that are structurally conserved through evolution in both invertebrate and vertebrate animals. pgrps exert diverse host-defense functions both through direct antibacterial activity and through indirect effects, including the induction of antimicrobial peptides and the modulation of inflammation and immune responses. in this study, we identified the gene encoding a long form of pgrp (ompgrp-l1) from the rainbow trout, oncorhyn ...	2013	24056276
genomic structure and immunological response of an stat4 family member from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus).	the janus tyrosine kinase (jak)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (stat) signaling pathway plays a critical role in host defense against viral and bacterial infections. stat proteins are a group of transcription factors that translocate into the nucleus and are critical for the induction of many genes crucial for the allergic cascade and immune defense. in the present study, a member of the stat4 family was identified from rock bream (rbstat4) at the genomic level, and its transcr ...	2013	24055510
comparative genomics reveals that a fish pathogenic bacterium edwardsiella tarda has acquired the locus of enterocyte effacement (lee) through horizontal gene transfer.	edwardsiella tarda is an enterobacterium which causes edwardsiellosis, a fatal disease of cultured fishes such as red sea bream, eel, and flounder. preventing the occurrence of e. tarda infection has thus been an important issue in aquaculture. e. tarda has been isolated from other animals and from many environments; however, the relationship between the genotype and evolutionary process of this pathogen is not fully understood. to clarify this relationship, we sequenced and compared the genomes ...	2013	24053667
effects of potential probiotic bacillus amyloliquefaciens [corrected] fptb16 on systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses and disease resistance of catla (catla catla).	effects of dietary administration of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fptb16 on systemic and mucosal immunity and disease resistance of catla (catla catla) against edwardsiella tarda infection were evaluated in the present study. the laboratory maintained b. amyloliquefaciens was used to study antagonistic activity against fish pathogenic bacteria by agar well diffusion assay. healthy catla were challenged by this bacterium for determination of its safety. for preparation of probiotic supplemented die ...	2013	24012512
antimicrobial agents produced by marine aspergillus terreus var. africanus against some virulent fish pathogens.	screening of fungal isolates collected from different locations of alexandria coast, egypt, was carried out to obtain new biologically active metabolites against some virulent fish pathogens (edwardsiella tarda, aeromonas hydrophila, vibrio ordalli and vibrio angularuim). among 26 fungal isolates, aspergillus terreus var. africanus was identified as the most potent isolate. production of the bioactive material was optimized using response surface methodology including fermentation media, incubat ...	2012	23997326
presenting a foreign antigen on live attenuated edwardsiella tarda using twin-arginine translocation signal peptide as a multivalent vaccine.	the twin-arginine translocation (tat) system is a major pathway for transmembrane translocation of fully folded proteins. in this study, a multivalent vaccine to present foreign antigens on live attenuated vaccine edwardsiella tarda wed using screened tat signal peptide was constructed. because the tat system increases the yields of folded antigens in periplasmic space or extracellular milieu, it is expected to contribute to the production of conformational epitope-derived specific antibodies. e ...	2013	23994481
three complement component 1q genes from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus: genome characterization and potential role in immune response against bacterial and viral infections.	complement component 1q (c1q) is a subcomponent of the c1 complex and the key protein that recognizes and binds to a broad range of immune and non-immune ligands to initiate the classical complement pathway. in the present study, we identified and characterized three novel c1q family members from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus. the full-length cdnas of c1q a-like (rbc1qal), c1q b-like (rbc1qbl), and c1q c-like (rbc1qcl) consist of 780, 720 and 726 bp of nucleotide sequence encoding polypeptid ...	2013	23994081
a teleostean counterpart of ferritin m subunit from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): an active constituent in iron chelation and dna protection against oxidative damage, with a modulated expression upon pathogen stress.	ferritins are biological iron chelators that can sequestrate excess iron to maintain iron homeostasis in the body. ferritins basically consist of 2 types of subunits, designated as h and l. however, another new subunit, ferritin "m" which possesses characteristic features of both the h and l subunits, was recently identified in lower vertebrates, mostly in fish. in this study, a ferritin m-like subunit from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) (rbferm) was characterized at the molecular level, and ...	2013	23978565
genomic characterization, expression analysis, and antimicrobial function of a glyrichin homologue from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus.	antimicrobial peptides are important innate effector molecules, playing a vital role in antimicrobial immunity in all species. glyrichin is a transmembrane protein and an antibacterial peptide, exerting its functions against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. in this study, cdna and a bac clone harboring the glyrichin gene were identified from rock bream and characterized. genomic characterization showed that the ofglyrichin gene exhibited a 3 exon-2 intron structure. ofglyrichin is a 79-amino ...	2013	23968692
molecular cloning and expression analysis of interleukin (il)-15 and il-15 receptor α from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus.	mammalian interleukin (il)-15 plays an important role in the activation of cd8(+) t cells and natural killer (nk) cells along with its receptor α (il-15rα). to understand the potential roles of il-15 and il-15rα in fish, we identified il-15 and il-15rα cdna from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) and investigated their gene expression profiles after bacterial and viral infection. coding regions of rock bream (rb) il-15 and rbil-15rα cdnas were 534 and 402 bp encoding 177 and 133 amino acid resid ...	2013	23911652
prevalence of community acquired urinary tract infections in silchar medical college, assam, india and its antimicrobial susceptibility profile.	background: this study was conducted to know the rate of prevalence of community acquired uti infections in both males and females, assam, north-east india. materials and methods: a 50 μl of urine sample from each of the subjects was streaked on cystine lactose electrolyte-deficient agar medium. the plates were incubated overnight at 37°c. pure, isolated colonies of each type was separately cultured and characterized. the susceptibility of the clinical isolates to routinely prescribed antibiotic ...	2012	23897522
potential application of extracts from indian almond (terminalia catappa linn.) leaves in siamese fighting fish (betta splendens regan) culture.	indian almond (terminalia catappa linn.) leaves with green and red coloration were tested for bactericidal activity with pathogenic bacteria and their acute toxicity to siamese fighting fish (betta splendens regan). powder of indian almond leaves was extracted with water at the ratio of 1:10 (w/v) and then freeze-dried to a dry powder. bactericidal efficacy was tested against 28 isolates of pathogenic bacteria (aeromonas hydrophila, edwardsiella tarda, enterobacter spp., plesiomonas shigelloides ...	2012	23885412
marine teleost ortholog of catalase from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus): molecular perspectives from genomic organization to enzymatic behavior with respect to its potent antioxidant properties.	catalases are well known antioxidant enzymes that can mainly dismutate hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in order to prevent oxidative stress. the complete genomic dna (gdna) sequence of the catalase gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) was identified from our custom-constructed bac genomic dna library and designated as rbcat. rbcat consists of 13 exons, separated by 12 introns, within a 13,722-bp gdna sequence. the complete cdna sequence (3303 bp) of rbcat is comprised of a 1581-b ...	2013	23872475
edwardsiella tarda sepsis in a live-stranded sperm whale (physeter macrocephalus).	whale strandings remain poorly understood, although bacterial infections have been suggested to contribute. we isolated edwardsiella tarda from the blood of a stranded sperm whale. the pathogen was identified with maldi-tof ms, confirmed by 16s rrna gene sequencing and quantified in blood by qpcr. we report the first case of sepsis in a sperm whale. the zoonotic potential of e. tarda and the possible role of bacterial infections in the enigmatic strandings of cetaceans are discussed.	2013	23827352
edwardsiella tarda ivy, a lysozyme inhibitor that blocks the lytic effect of lysozyme and facilitates host infection in a manner that is dependent on the conserved cysteine residue.	edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen with a broad host range that includes fish and humans. in this study, we examined the activity and function of the lysozyme inhibitor ivy (named ivyet) identified in the pathogenic e. tarda strain tx01. ivyet possesses the ivy signature motif ckphdc in the form of (82)cqphnc(87) and contains several highly conserved residues, including a tryptophan (w55). for the purpose of virulence analysis, an isogenic tx01 mutant, txivy, was created. t ...	2013	23817616
the major fimbrial subunit protein of edwardsiella tarda: vaccine potential, adjuvant effect, and involvement in host infection.	edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative bacterium that is reckoned one of the most severe fish pathogens. in this study, we analyzed the biological properties of the e. tarda major fimbrial subunit protein, fima. we found that mutation of fima resulted in defective biofilm growth, attenuated infectivity against host cells, and impaired ability to disseminate into and colonize host tissues following experimental infection. when used as a subunit vaccine, recombinant fima (rfima) elicited a high lev ...	2013	23811351
akirin2 homologues from rock bream, oplegnathus fasciatus: genomic and molecular characterization and transcriptional expression analysis.	akirins are conserved nuclear resident nf-κb signaling pathway molecules. isoforms of akirins found in various organisms are known to play diverse roles. in this study, we have characterized two akirin2 homologues from rock bream, ofak2(1) and ofak2(2). the proteins derived from ofak2(1) and ofak2(2) revealed the presence of nuclear localization signal. multiple sequence alignment and pairwise alignment of ofak2(1) and ofak2(2) with the akirin homologues, revealed high conservation and identity. ...	2013	23770624
mutation of tryptophanase gene tnaa in edwardsiella tarda reduces lipopolysaccharide production, antibiotic resistance and virulence.	a fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda ltb-4 produced various indole alkaloids, including indole, 2-(1h-indol-3-yl)ethanol, 4-di(1h-indol-3-yl)methylphenol, tri(1h-indol-3-yl)methane and 2-[2,2-bis(1h-indol-3-yl)]ethylphenylamine. indole was the most abundant among these indole alkaloids. e. tarda ltb-4 produced indoles during its whole growth phase and maintained a high level (around 35.5 µm) during the stationary phase. the relevant tryptophanase (tnaa) gene tnaa was cloned from ltb-4 and conditio ...	2011	23761341
edwardsiella tarda mutant disrupted in type iii secretion system and chorismic acid synthesis and cured of a plasmid as a live attenuated vaccine in turbot.	edwardsiella tarda is an intractable gram-negative pathogen in many fish species to cause edwardsiellosis. its infection leads to extensive losses in a diverse array of commercially important fish. the type iii secretion system (t3ss) has been considered as one of the major virulence factors and plays important roles in its intracellular lifestyle. in this study, an e. tarda eib202 mutant wed with deletions in the t3ss genes for eseb, esec, esed and esca, along with the aroc gene for the biosynt ...	2013	23732848
sialic acid utilization by cronobacter sakazakii.	the cronobacter genus is composed of seven species, and can cause infections in all age groups. of particular concern is c. sakazakii, as this species is strongly associated with severe and often fatal cases of necrotizing enterocolitis and meningitis in neonates and infants. whole genome sequencing has revealed that the nanakt gene cluster required for the utilisation of exogenous sialic acid is unique to the c. sakazakii species (esa_03609-13).sialic acid is found in breast milk, infant formul ...	2013	23706082
comparative proteomic analysis reveals new components of the phop regulon and highlights a role for phop in the regulation of genes encoding the f1f0 atp synthase in edwardsiella tarda.	edwardsiella tarda is an important cause of haemorrhagic septicaemia in fish and also of gastro- and extra-intestinal infections in humans. we have recently demonstrated that the phop-phoq two-component regulatory system plays important roles in both virulence and stress tolerance in e. tarda. in this study, the proteomes of the wt and phop mutant strains were compared to define components of the phop regulon in e. tarda eib202. overall, 18 proteins whose expression levels exhibited a twofold or ...	2013	23657683
electrochemical disinfection of fish pathogens in seawater without the production of a lethal concentration of chlorine using a flow reactor.	an electrochemical disinfection system employing a honeycombed platinum coated titanium electrode was developed for the disinfection of seawater. cell suspensions (2 l, 10³ cells/ml) of the fish pathogens, vibrio alginolyticus, edwardsiella tarda, lactococcus garvieae and vibrio anguillarum were circulated in a reactor equipped with 10 sets of these electrodes at a flow rate of 200 ml/min with an applied potential of 1.0 v vs. ag/agcl reference electrode. the circulated cells were completely dis ...	2013	23648105
immune effects of a bivalent expressed outer membrane protein to american eels (anguilla rostrota).	the specific and non-specific immune parameters and protection of american eels (anguilla rostrata) were evaluated after immunized eels with a bivalent expressed out membrane protein (omp) of porin ⅱ of aeromonas hydrophila and omps2 of edwardsiella tarda. one hundred eighty eels were distributed into 3 equal groups and intraperitoneal (i.p) injection with phosphate-buffered saline (pbs group), formalin-killed-whole-cell (fkc) of a. hydrophila and e. tarda (fkc group) or the bivalent omp (omp gr ...	2013	23643876
specific and rapid diagnosis of edwardsiella tarda by a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification targeting the upstream region of hlyb gene.	edwardsiella tarda has become one of the most severe pathogens in aquaculture industries throughout the world; therefore, a specific and rapid identification method for this bacterium is urgently needed. in the present study, a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) was developed by targeting the upstream region of the hlyb gene of e. tarda, which was then named as uh-lamp. the mg(2+) concentrations, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time of uh-lamp were optimized to 10 mm, ...	2013	23639057
molecular characterisation and expression analysis of the cathepsin h gene from rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus).	cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases belonging to the papain family, whose members play important roles in normal metabolism for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) cathepsin h (rbctsh) cdnas were identified by expressed sequence tag analysis of a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rock bream liver cdna library. the full-length rbctsh cdna (1326 bp) contained an open reading frame of 978 bp encoding 325 amino acids. the presence of an erfnin-like motif w ...	2013	23629026
structure of the o-polysaccharide of edwardsiella tarda pcm 1156.	mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of edwardsiella tarda pcm 1156 afforded an o-polysaccharide, which was isolated by gel-permeation chromatography on sephadex g-50 and studied by sugar and methylation analyses along with (1)h nmr and (13)c nmr spectroscopy, including 2d (1)h,(1)h cosy, tocsy, roesy, (1)h,(13)c hsqc, and hmbc experiments. the following structure of the linear tetrasaccharide repeating unit of the o-polysaccharide was established: [structure: see text].	2013	23623959
comparative analysis of edwardsiella isolates from fish in the eastern united states identifies two distinct genetic taxa amongst organisms phenotypically classified as e. tarda.	edwardsiella tarda, a gram-negative member of the family enterobacteriaceae, has been implicated in significant losses in aquaculture facilities worldwide. here, we assessed the intra-specific variability of e. tarda isolates from 4 different fish species in the eastern united states. repetitive sequence mediated pcr (rep-pcr) using 4 different primer sets (eric i & ii, eric ii, box, and gtg5) and multi-locus sequence analysis of 16s ssu rdna, groel, gyra, gyrb, pho, pgi, pgm, and rpoa gene frag ...	2013	23623688
genomic characterization and transcriptional evidence for the involvement of complement component 7 in immune response of rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus).	the complement component 7 (c7) is the central mediator of pathogenic attack at the membrane surface and its binding to the c5b-7 complex triggers cytolytic signaling. in this study, c7 of rock bream (oplegnathus fasciatus) was identified (rb-c7) and characterized at the genomic level. the rb-c7 gene contains 18 exons and 17 introns and is composed of a 2490 bp complete open reading frame (orf). the encoded polypeptide (830 amino acids) contains a number of well-conserved c7 signature domains. i ...	2013	23603298
invasin of edwardsiella tarda is essential for its haemolytic activity, biofilm formation and virulence towards fish.	the aim of this study was to investigate the role of invasin in a bacterial fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda.	2013	23600645
in vitro immunopathogenesis of edwardsiella tarda in catla catla catla (hamilton).	immunopathogenesis of edwardsiella tarda in catla (catla catla) was evaluated by in vitro interaction of catla head kidney (hk) phagocytes with the bacterium. interactions of e. tarda with catla hk phagocytes were studied by light microscopy as well as by phagocytosis, intracellular replication, superoxide anion and nitric oxide production assays. both opsonised and non-opsonized bacteria could adhere to, survive and replicate within phagocytes. furthermore, there was no significant alteration i ...	2013	23587681
proteomic analysis of a twin-arginine translocation-deficient mutant unravel its functions involved in stress adaptation and virulence in fish pathogen edwardsiella tarda.	edwardsiella tarda is a gram-negative, facultative aerobic pathogen which infects multifarious hosts including fish, amphibians and human beings. a twin-arginine translocation (tat) gene cluster important for high-salt tolerance in e. tarda was identified previously. here the genetic structure and pleiotropic roles of the tat system in physiological adaptation of the bacterium were further characterized. functional analysis indicated that tatd was not required for tat export process and tate mig ...	2013	23551118