Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of the xpert carba-r (cepheid) assay using contrived bronchial specimens from patients with suspicion of ventilator-associated pneumonia for the detection of prevalent carbapenemases. | there is a critical need for rapid diagnostic methods for multidrug-resistant (mdr) pathogens in patients with a suspicion of ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap). the xpert carba-r detects 5 targets for carbapenemase-producing organisms (blakpc, blandm, blavim, blaoxa-48, and blaimp-1). our objective was to evaluate the performance of this assay directly on bronchial aspirates and to correlate the cycle number for a positive result (ct) with the bacterial count. bronchial aspirates from patien ... | 2016 | 27992521 |
| predominance of ctx-m-15 among esbl producers from environment and fish gut from the shores of lake victoria in mwanza, tanzania. | extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing bacteria are a common cause of healthcare and community-associated infections worldwide. the distribution of such isolates in the environment and their presence in fish as a result of sewage contamination is not well-studied. here we examined fish and environmental samples from mwanza city for the presence of esbl-producing bacteria. from 196 fish sampled from local markets, 26 (13.3%) contained lactose-fermenting esbl-producing bacteria, while 3 ... | 2016 | 27990135 |
| structural insight into mode of binding of meropenem to ctx-m-15 type β-lactamase. | among enterobacteriaceae, ctx-m type extended spectrum beta lactamase confers potent hydrolytic activity against cephalosporin group of antibiotics. strains producing ctx-m type beta lactamase enzymes, show high level of resistance against cefotaxime. therefore carbapenem antibiotics are used against beta lactamase producing strains. hence, this study was designed to understand an insight of molecular basis of ctx-m-15 interaction with meropenem, and its effect on ctx-m-15 efficiency. clinical s ... | 2017 | 27986632 |
| reduction of quinones and nitroaromatic compounds by escherichia coli nitroreductase a (nfsa): characterization of kinetics and substrate specificity. | nfsa, a major fmn-associated nitroreductase of e. coli, reduces nitroaromatic compounds via consecutive two-electron transfers. nfsa has potential applications in the biodegradation of nitroaromatic environment pollutants, e.g. explosives, and is also of interest for the anticancer strategy gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy. however, the catalytic mechanism of nfsa is poorly characterized. here we examined the nadph-dependent reduction of quinones (n = 16) and nitroaromatic compounds (n = 12) ... | 2017 | 27986535 |
| microbial ecology: where are we now? | conventional microbiological methods have been readily taken over by newer molecular techniques due to the ease of use, reproducibility, sensitivity and speed of working with nucleic acids. these tools allow high throughput analysis of complex and diverse microbial communities, such as those in soil, freshwater, saltwater, or the microbiota living in collaboration with a host organism (plant, mouse, human, etc). for instance, these methods have been robustly used for characterizing the plant (rh ... | 2016 | 27975077 |
| evaluation of machine learning and rules-based approaches for predicting antimicrobial resistance profiles in gram-negative bacilli from whole genome sequence data. | the time-to-result for culture-based microorganism recovery and phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing necessitates initial use of empiric (frequently broad-spectrum) antimicrobial therapy. if the empiric therapy is not optimal, this can lead to adverse patient outcomes and contribute to increasing antibiotic resistance in pathogens. new, more rapid technologies are emerging to meet this need. many of these are based on identifying resistance genes, rather than directly assaying resista ... | 2016 | 27965630 |
| high prevalence of gut microbiota colonization with broad-spectrum cephalosporin resistant enterobacteriaceae in a tunisian intensive care unit. | healthcare-associated infections due to cefotaxime-resistant (ctx-r) enterobacteriaceae have become a major public health threat, especially in intensive care units (icus). often acquired nosocomially, ctx-r enterobacteriaceae can be introduced initially by patients at admission. this study aimed to determine the prevalence and genetic characteristics of ctx-r enterobacteriaceae-intestinal carriage in icu patients, to evaluate the rate of acquisition of these organisms during hospitalization, an ... | 2016 | 27965626 |
| comprehensive genome analysis of carbapenemase-producing enterobacter spp.: new insights into phylogeny, population structure, and resistance mechanisms. | knowledge regarding the genomic structure of enterobacter spp., the second most prevalent carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae, remains limited. here we sequenced 97 clinical enterobacter species isolates that were both carbapenem susceptible and resistant from various geographic regions to decipher the molecular origins of carbapenem resistance and to understand the changing phylogeny of these emerging and drug-resistant pathogens. of the carbapenem-resistant isolates, 30 possessed blakpc ... | 2016 | 27965456 |
| risk factors for bacteremia in patients with urinary catheter-associated bacteriuria. | catheter-associated bacteriuria is complicated by secondary bacteremia in 0.4% to 4.0% of cases. the directly attributable mortality rate is 12.7%. | 2016 | 27965229 |
| molecular and in silico analysis of a new plasmid-mediated ampc β-lactamase (cmh-2) in clinical isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae. | two klebsiella strains isolated from urine samples were positive for blaampc by pcr and showed sequence similarity with cmh-1 (98.6%) after sequencing. it also shares 82% similarity with act-1, 85% with mir-1 and 81% with the chromosomal ampc gene of enterobacter cloacae. this gene was associated with the plasmid of inck type. it has an open reading frame of 381 amino acid with four amino acid substitutions at position d144a, c189r, q192e, and a195t as compared to cmh-1. when expressed in e.coli ... | 2017 | 27964935 |
| pediatric infectious endophthalmitis: a 271-case retrospective study at a single center in china. | pediatric infectious endophthalmitis is a serious sight-threatening disease for children. the purpose of this study was to investigate the etiology, microbiological spectrum, and visual outcomes of infectious endophthalmitis in children at a single institution in china. | 2016 | 27958225 |
| inventory of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in france as assessed by a multicenter study. | the objective of this study was to perform an inventory of the extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae isolates responsible for infections in french hospitals and to assess the mechanisms associated with esbl diffusion. a total of 200 nonredundant esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from clinical samples were collected during a multicenter study performed in 18 representative french hospitals. antibiotic resistance genes were identified by pcr and sequenc ... | 2017 | 27956424 |
| metabolic engineering of serratia marcescens mg1 for enhanced production of (3r)-acetoin. | optically pure acetoin (ac) is an important platform chemical which has been widely used to synthesize novel optically active α-hydroxyketone derivatives and liquid crystal composites. | 2016 | 27942437 |
| isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and detection of sul1, blatem, and blashv in amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant bacteria isolated from retail sausages in kampar, malaysia. | due to the overuse of antibiotics in livestock as a growth-promoting agent, the emergence of multi-antibiotic resistant bacteria is becoming a concern. | 2016 | 27942365 |
| high prevalence of faecal carriage of esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae among children in dar es salaam, tanzania. | faecal carriage of esbl-producing bacteria is a potential risk for transmission and infection. little is known about faecal carriage of antibiotic resistance in tanzania. this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of faecal carriage of esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae and to identify risk factors for carriage among young children in tanzania. | 2016 | 27936054 |
| intense pre-admission carriage and further acquisition of esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae among patients and their caregivers in a tertiary hospital in rwanda. | to assess the presence and risk factors of intestinal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae (esbl-pe) among patients admitted to the university teaching hospital of butare and among their attending caregivers, and to analyse the acquisition of esbl-pe carriage during hospital stay and associated factors. | 2017 | 27935649 |
| gram positive and gram negative bacteria differ in their sensitivity to cold plasma. | cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (cap) is a relatively new method being investigated for antimicrobial activity. however, the exact mode of action is still being explored. here we report that cap efficacy is directly correlated to bacterial cell wall thickness in several species. biofilms of gram positive bacillus subtilis, possessing a 55.4 nm cell wall, showed the highest resistance to cap, with less than one log10 reduction after 10 min treatment. in contrast, biofilms of gram negative pseudo ... | 2016 | 27934958 |
| production, characterization, and application of bacillus licheniformis w16 biosurfactant in enhancing oil recovery. | the biosurfactant production by bacillus licheniformis w16 and evaluation of biosurfactant based enhanced oil recovery (eor) using core-flood under reservoir conditions were investigated. previously reported nine different production media were screened for biosurfactant production, and two were further optimized with different carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, starch, cane molasses, or date molasses), as well as the strain was screened for biosurfactant production during the growth in different ... | 2016 | 27933041 |
| searching for a potential antibacterial lead structure against bacterial biofilms among new naphthoquinone compounds. | the aims of this study were to design, synthesize and to evaluate 2-hydroxy-3-phenylsulfanylmethyl-[1,4]-naphthoquinones against gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial strains, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) and its biofilm, to probe for potential lead structures. | 2017 | 27930849 |
| strain-level discrimination of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in spinach using metagenomic sequencing. | consumption of fresh bagged spinach contaminated with shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) has led to severe illness and death; however current culture-based methods to detect foodborne stec are time consuming. since not all stec strains are considered pathogenic to humans, it is crucial to incorporate virulence characterization of stec in the detection method. in this study, we assess the comprehensiveness of utilizing a shotgun metagenomics approach for detection and strain-level iden ... | 2016 | 27930729 |
| a retrospective study of pyogenic liver abscess focusing on klebsiella pneumoniae as a primary pathogen in china from 1994 to 2015. | pyogenic liver abscess (pla) is a common intra-abdominal infection in adults. in this study, we aim to explore demographic and clinical characteristics of pla focusing on klebsiella pneumoniae (k. pneumoniae) induced pla (kp-pla) in mainland china. a retrospective review of medical records from all patients with kp-pla admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital over a 21-year period (1994-2015) was performed. among 296 pla cases with confirmed culture-positive data, k. pneumoniae was revealed as t ... | 2016 | 27929082 |
| emergence of cmy-2- and dha-1-type ampc β-lactamases in enterobacter cloacae isolated from several hospitals of qazvin and tehran, iran. | the emergence of plasmid-mediated ampc (pampc) β-lactamases conferring resistance to third-generation cephalosporins has become a major clinical concern worldwide. the aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of pampc-producing e. cloacae isolates and typing of them in qazvin and tehran provinces, iran. | 2016 | 27928483 |
| phenotypic and molecular detection of the bla kpc gene in clinical isolates from inpatients at hospitals in são luis, ma, brazil. | bacteria that produce klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (kpcs) are resistant to broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics. the objective of this study was to phenotypically and genotypically characterize the antibiotic susceptibility to carbapenems of 297 isolates recovered from clinical samples obtained from inpatients at 16 hospitals in são luis (maranhão, brazil). | 2016 | 27927163 |
| hospital-acquired infections after cardiac surgery and current physician practices: a retrospective cohort study. | the management of hospital-acquired infections (hais) with respect to physician practices remains largely unexplored despite increasing efforts to standardize care. in the present study, we report findings from a 2-month audit of all patients that have undergone cardiac surgery at a large referral center in atlantic canada. | 2016 | 27924169 |
| hospital-acquired infections after cardiac surgery and current physician practices: a retrospective cohort study. | the management of hospital-acquired infections (hais) with respect to physician practices remains largely unexplored despite increasing efforts to standardize care. in the present study, we report findings from a 2-month audit of all patients that have undergone cardiac surgery at a large referral center in atlantic canada. | 2016 | 27924169 |
| mechanisms of evolution in high-consequence drug resistance plasmids. | the dissemination of resistance among bacteria has been facilitated by the fact that resistance genes are usually located on a diverse and evolving set of transmissible plasmids. however, the mechanisms generating diversity and enabling adaptation within highly successful resistance plasmids have remained obscure, despite their profound clinical significance. to understand these mechanisms, we have performed a detailed analysis of the mobilome (the entire mobile genetic element content) of a set ... | 2016 | 27923922 |
| immunomodulation after ischemic stroke: potential mechanisms and implications for therapy. | brain injuries are often associated with intensive care admissions, and carry high morbidity and mortality rates. ischemic stroke is one of the most frequent causes of injury to the central nervous system. it is now increasingly clear that human stroke causes multi-organ systemic disease. brain inflammation may lead to opposing local and systemic effects. suppression of systemic immunity by the nervous system could protect the brain from additional inflammatory damage; however, it may increase t ... | 2016 | 27923376 |
| comparison of gram-negative and gram-positive hematogenous pyogenic spondylodiscitis: clinical characteristics and outcomes of treatment. | to the best of our knowledge, no study has compared gram-negative bacillary hematogenous pyogenic spondylodiscitis (gnb-hps) with gram-positive coccal hematogenous pyogenic spondylodiscitis (gpc-hps) regarding their clinical characteristics and outcomes. | 2016 | 27923346 |
| salmonella typhimurium and multidirectional communication in the gut. | the mammalian digestive tract is home to trillions of microbes, including bacteria, archaea, protozoa, fungi, and viruses. in monogastric mammals the stomach and small intestine harbor diverse bacterial populations but are typically less populated than the colon. the gut bacterial community (microbiota hereafter) varies widely among different host species and individuals within a species. it is influenced by season of the year, age of the host, stress and disease. ideally, the host and microbiot ... | 2016 | 27920756 |
| a prolonged outbreak of kpc-3-producing enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae driven by multiple mechanisms of resistance transmission at a large academic burn center. | klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc)-producing enterobacter cloacae has been recently recognized in the united states. whole-genome sequencing (wgs) has become a useful tool for analysis of outbreaks and for determining transmission networks of multidrug-resistant organisms in health care settings, including carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre). we experienced a prolonged outbreak of cre e. cloacae and k. pneumoniae over a 3-year period at a large academic burn center despite rigor ... | 2017 | 27919898 |
| clonal spread of mcr-1 in pmqr-carrying st34 salmonella isolates from animals in china. | since initial identification in china, the widespread geographical occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in enterobacteriaceae has been of great concern. in this study, a total of 22 salmonella enterica were resistant to colistin, while only five isolates which belonged to st34 salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) were mcr-1 positive. four of them shared nearly identical pfge type, although they were from different host species and diverse geographical ... | 2016 | 27917926 |
| development of multiple cross displacement amplification label-based gold nanoparticles lateral flow biosensor for detection of shigella spp. | shigella spp., the etiological agent of shigellosis or "bacillary dysentery," are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in excess of a million deaths globally per year. although pcr-based techniques (such as pcr-based dipstick biosensors) have been used for the molecular diagnosis of infectious disease, these assays were restricted due to the need for a sophisticated thermal cycling apparatus to denature target templates. to facilitate simple and rapid detection of target pathogen ... | 2016 | 27917160 |
| screening of mercury-resistant and indole-3-acetic acid producing bacterial-consortium for growth promotion of cicer arietinum l. | mercury resistant (hg(r) ) bacteria were screened from industrial effluents and effluents-polluted rhizosphere soils near to districts kasur and sheikhupura, pakistan. out of 60 isolates, three bacterial strains, bacillus sp. az-1, bacillus cereus az-2, and enterobacter cloacae az-3 showed hg-resistance as 20 μg ml(-1) of hgcl2 and indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) production as 8-38 μg ml(-1) . biochemical and molecular characterization of selected bacteria was confirmed by 16s ribotyping. mercury res ... | 2017 | 27911010 |
| clinical experience of patients receiving doripenem-containing regimens for the treatment of healthcare-associated infections. | in this study, we retrospectively reviewed the clinical experience of patients receiving doripenem-containing regimens for the treatment of healthcare-associated infections (hcais) in a tertiary care center and assessed the clinical usefulness of doripenem therapy in this clinical setting. in this retrospective study, the medical records of all adult patients who had ever received doripenem-containing therapy for the treatment of hcais were reviewed between september 1, 2012 and august 31, 2014, ... | 2016 | 27907197 |
| biochemical and structural analysis of a novel esterase from caulobacter crescentus related to penicillin-binding protein (pbp). | considering that the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria is largely increasing, a thorough understanding of penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) is of great importance and crucial significance because this enzyme family is a main target of β-lactam-based antibiotics. in this work, combining biochemical and structural analysis, we present new findings that provide novel insights into pbps. here, a novel pbp homologue (ccesta) from caulobacter crescentus cb15 was characterized usi ... | 2016 | 27905486 |
| ultrasound-assisted extraction and biological activities of extracts of brassica oleracea var. capitata. | in this work, the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of brassica oleracea var. capitata extracts obtained through ultrasound-assisted extraction are evaluated. the extracts obtained using the best extraction conditions were subjected to different hydrolysis conditions before their use in the biological tests. the crude and hydrolysed extracts were characterized using gas chromatography coupled with a mass detector. the use of ultrasound at 30 °c with 60% (by volume) solvent enabled obtaini ... | 2015 | 27904339 |
| antioxidant and antibacterial activity of the beverage obtained by fermentation of sweetened lemon balm (melissa officinalis l.) tea with symbiotic consortium of bacteria and yeasts. | kombucha is a fermented tea beverage which is traditionally prepared by fermenting sweetened black or green tea (camellia sinensis l.) with symbiotic consortium of bacteria and yeasts (scoby). in this study, lemon balm (melissa officinalis l.) was used as the only nitrogen source for kombucha fermentation. during the seven-day fermentation process, ph value, titratable acidity (ta), total phenolic content, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity against hydroxyl (˙oh) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-pic ... | 2014 | 27904315 |
| clonal spread and accumulation of β-lactam resistance determinants in enterobacter aerogenes and enterobacter cloacae complex isolates from infection and colonization in patients at a public hospital in recife, pernambuco, brazil. | enterobacter aerogenes and enterobacter cloacae complex are the two species of this genus most involved in healthcare-associated infections that are esbl and carbapenemase producers. this study characterized, phenotypically and genotypically, 51 isolates of e. aerogenes and e. cloacae complex originating from infection or colonization in patients admitted to a public hospital in recife, pernambuco, brazil, by antimicrobial susceptibility profile, analysis of β-lactamase genes (blatem, blashv, bl ... | 2017 | 27902398 |
| common lung microbiome identified among mechanically ventilated surgical patients. | the examination of the pulmonary microbiome in patients with non-chronic disease states has not been extensively examined. traditional culture based screening methods are often unable to identify bacteria from bronchoalveolar lavage samples. the advancement of next-generation sequencing technologies allows for a culture-independent molecular based analysis to determine the microbial composition in the lung of this patient population. for this study, the ion torrent pgm system was used to assess ... | 2016 | 27898681 |
| [evaluation of an immunochromatographic test for the detection of oxa-48 carbapenemase]. | detection and differentiation of various types of carbapenemases is crucial to their control and dissemination. oxa-48 is the most common carbapenemase in spain and in our environment. the aim of this study is the evaluation of a new immunochromatographic test oxa-48 card letitest (coris, bioconcept belgium) to detect this carbapenemase from solid media. | 2017 | 27897435 |
| bactericidal and antioxidant properties of essential oils from the fruits dennettia tripetala g. baker. | the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the essential oils (eos) of unripe and ripe fruits of dennettia tripetala and their potential for the management of infectious and oxidative-stress diseases were investigated in-vitro in this study. | 2016 | 27894288 |
| mir-34 modulates innate immunity and ecdysone signaling in drosophila. | micrornas are endogenous small regulatory rnas that modulate myriad biological processes by repressing target gene expression in a sequence-specific manner. here we show that the conserved mirna mir-34 regulates innate immunity and ecdysone signaling in drosophila. mir-34 over-expression activates antibacterial innate immunity signaling both in cultured cells and in vivo, and flies over-expressing mir-34 display improved survival and pathogen clearance upon gram-negative bacterial infection; whe ... | 2016 | 27893816 |
| non-o157:h7 shiga toxin producing diarrhoeagenic escherichia coli (stec) in southern india: a tinderbox for starting epidemic. | outbreaks due to non-o157:h7 shiga toxin producing escherichia coli (stec) resulting in haemolytic uraemic syndrome (hus) have garnered much attention because of associated mortality transcending across continents and also because diarrhoea due to e.coli itself is rare in developed countries. the actual incidence of non-o157:h7 stec in sporadic acute diarrhoea is not fully elucidated, both in developing as well as in developed countries. due to larger extent of faecal-oral transmission in develo ... | 2016 | 27891338 |
| two symbiotic bacteria of the entomopathogenic nematode heterorhabditis spp. against galleria mellonella. | the entomopathogenic nematode heterorhabditis spp. is considered a promising agent in the biocontrol of injurious insects of agriculture. however, different symbiotic bacteria associated with the nematode usually have different specificity and virulence toward their own host. in this study, two symbiotic bacteria, ly2w and nk, were isolated from the intestinal canals of two entomopathogenic nematode heterorhabditis megidis 90 (pdsj1 and pdsj2) from galleria mellonela, separately. to determine th ... | 2017 | 27889603 |
| antimicrobial stewardship of chinese ministry of health reduces multidrug-resistant organism isolates in critically ill patients: a pre-post study from a single center. | china's ministry of health (moh) has established a policy about the antimicrobial stewardship. to date, the effects of this policy on multidrug-resistant organism (mdro) in critically ill patients are unknown. | 2016 | 27887595 |
| comparison of clinico-microbiological profile and treatment outcome of in-house and referred post cataract surgery endophthalmitis in a tertiary care center in south india. | the purpose of the study is to compare the clinico-microbiological profile and treatment outcome of in-house vs referred cases of post cataract surgery endophthalmitis in a tertiary eye care facility in south india. | 2016 | 27882513 |
| successful elimination of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing nosocomial bacteria at a neonatal intensive care unit. | extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing gram-negative bacteria are highly dangerous to neonates. at our neonatal intensive care unit (nicu), the presence of these bacteria became so threatening in 2011 that immediate intervention was required. | 2016 | 27878781 |
| regulated inflammation and lipid metabolism in colon mrna expressions of obese germfree mice responding to enterobacter cloacae b29 combined with the high fat diet. | increased evidences have demonstrated that gut microbiota targeted diet intervention can alleviate obesity and related metabolic disorders. the underlying mechanism of interactions among diet, microbiota, and host still remains unclear. enterobacter cloacae b29, an endotoxin-producing strain dominated in the gut of a morbidly obese volunteer (weight 174.8 kg, bmi 58.8 kg m(-2)) was isolated and transplanted to germfree mice (inoculated 10(10) cells of b29 per day for 1 week). using deep mrna seq ... | 2016 | 27877172 |
| differential fecal microbiota are retained in broiler chicken lines divergently selected for fatness traits. | our study combined 16s rrna-pyrosequencing and whole genome sequencing to analyze the fecal metagenomes of the divergently selected lean (ll) and fat (fl) line chickens. significant structural differences existed in both the phylogenic and functional metagenomes between the two chicken lines. at phylum level, the fl group had significantly less bacteroidetes. at genus level, fourteen genera of different relative abundance were identified, with some known short-chain fatty acid producers (includi ... | 2016 | 27876778 |
| enterovirus d68 in hospitalized children: sequence variation, viral loads and clinical outcomes. | an outbreak of enterovirus d68 (ev-d68) caused severe respiratory illness in 2014. the disease spectrum of ev-d68 infections in children with underlying medical conditions other than asthma, the role of ev-d68 loads on clinical illness, and the variation of ev-d68 strains within the same institution over time have not been described. we sought to define the association between ev-d68 loads and sequence variation, and the clinical characteristic in hospitalized children at our institution from 20 ... | 2016 | 27875593 |
| in vitro activity of tigecycline and comparators against carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in africa-middle east countries: test 2007-2012. | multidrug-resistant (mdr) enterobacteriaceae are an emerging concern for healthcare providers. infections caused by mdr pathogens are associated with increased costs, length of hospital stay, and morbidity and mortality rates. carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) continue to increase, and infections with these organisms are observed worldwide not only as hospital-acquired infections but also as community-acquired infections. increasing antimicrobial resistance dictates the need for cont ... | 2014 | 27873726 |
| in vivo horizontal dissemination of the blakpc-2 gene carried on diverse genetic platforms among clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae. | this study investigated the molecular characteristics of six blakpc-positive enterobacteriaceae recovered from three patients in argentina. antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed following clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) 2014 recommendations. molecular characterisation of the isolates was performed by biparental conjugation, pcr, sequencing, s1 nuclease restriction, and southern blot hybridisation with a blakpc probe using standard protocols and conditions. the iso ... | 2015 | 27873711 |
| rhamnolipids produced by indigenous acinetobacter junii from petroleum reservoir and its potential in enhanced oil recovery. | biosurfactant producers are crucial for incremental oil production in microbial enhanced oil recovery (meor) processes. the isolation of biosurfactant-producing bacteria from oil reservoirs is important because they are considered suitable for the extreme conditions of the reservoir. in this work, a novel biosurfactant-producing strain acinetobacter junii bd was isolated from a reservoir to reduce surface tension and emulsify crude oil. the biosurfactants produced by the strain were purified and ... | 2016 | 27872613 |
| bacterial biotransformation of pentachlorophenol and micropollutants formed during its production process. | pentachlorophenol (pcp) is a toxic and persistent wood and cellulose preservative extensively used in the past decades. the production process of pcp generates polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (pcdd/fs) as micropollutants. pcdd/fs are also known to be very persistent and dangerous for human health and ecosystem functioning. several physico-chemical and biological technologies have been used to remove pcp and pcdd/fs from the environment. bacterial degradation a ... | 2016 | 27869691 |
| successful treatment of giant left subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm abutting the arch of the aorta and descending aorta. | a 28-year-old woman presented with 3-month history of fever of unknown origin and progressively increasing cough. she was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis on bronchial lavage cultures. a chest x-ray performed on follow-up showed a new opacity in the left apical area of the chest. computed tomography scan of chest showed a large 10 cm pseudoaneurysm of the left subclavian artery 1 cm from its take off from the arch of the aorta. the pseudoaneurysm was approached through a left posterolateral ... | 2016 | 27867459 |
| [molecular epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae infection/colonisation in a hospital in madrid]. | a description is presented on the molecular epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae infection in a tertiary hospital. | 2016 | 27866753 |
| synthesis of (3r)-acetoin and 2,3-butanediol isomers by metabolically engineered lactococcus lactis. | the potential that lies in harnessing the chemical synthesis capabilities inherent in living organisms is immense. here we demonstrate how the biosynthetic machinery of lactococcus lactis, can be diverted to make (3r)-acetoin and the derived 2,3-butanediol isomers meso-(2,3)-butanediol (m-bdo) and (2r,3r)-butanediol (r-bdo). efficient production of (3r)-acetoin was accomplished using a strain where the competing lactate, acetate and ethanol forming pathways had been blocked. by introducing diffe ... | 2016 | 27857195 |
| molecular characterization of oxa-48-like-producing enterobacteriaceae in the czech republic and evidence for horizontal transfer of poxa-48-like plasmids. | the aim of this study was to characterize the first cases and outbreaks of oxa-48-like-producing enterobacteriaceae recovered from hospital settings in the czech republic. from 2013 to 2015, 22 klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, 3 escherichia coli isolates, and 1 enterobacter cloacae isolate producing oxa-48-like carbapenemases were isolated from 20 patients. four of the patients were colonized or infected by two or three different oxa-48-like producers. the k. pneumoniae isolates were classified i ... | 2017 | 27855076 |
| bacteriocin production: a relatively unharnessed probiotic trait? | probiotics are "live microorganisms which, when consumed in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host". a number of attributes are highly sought after among these microorganisms, including immunomodulation, epithelial barrier maintenance, competitive exclusion, production of short-chain fatty acids, and bile salt metabolism. bacteriocin production is also generally regarded as a probiotic trait, but it can be argued that, in contrast to other traits, it is often considered a feature ... | 2016 | 27853525 |
| high protective efficacy of probiotics and rice bran against human norovirus infection and diarrhea in gnotobiotic pigs. | probiotics have been recognized as vaccine adjuvants and therapeutic agents to treat acute gastroenteritis in children. we previously showed that rice bran (rb) reduced human rotavirus diarrhea in gnotobiotic pigs. human noroviruses (hunovs) are the major pathogens causing non-bacterial acute gastroenteritis worldwide. in this study, lactobacillus rhamnosus gg (lgg) and escherichia coli nissle 1917 (ecn) were first screened for their ability to bind hunov p particles and virions derived from cli ... | 2016 | 27853451 |
| infectious pseudomonas and bipolaris scleritis following history of pterygium surgery. | we report an interesting case of infectious scleritis from coinfection of pseudomonas aeruginosa and bipolaris with no corneal infiltrate. a healthy 60-year-old man with a history of infectious scleritis following pterygium excision presented with purulent material growing p. aeruginosa and 1+ colonies of bipolaris species of fungus. broad spectrum treatment was initiated with hourly topical moxifloxacin, fortified tobramycin, and natamycin along with a subconjunctival injection of voriconazole ... | 2016 | 27853018 |
| production of selenium nanoparticles in pseudomonas putida kt2440. | selenium (se) is an essential element for the cell that has multiple applications in medicine and technology; microorganisms play an important role in se transformations in the environment. here we report the previously unidentified ability of the soil bacterium pseudomonas putida kt2440 to synthesize nanoparticles of elemental selenium (nano-se) from selenite. our results show that p. putida is able to reduce selenite aerobically, but not selenate, to nano-se. kinetic analysis indicates that, i ... | 2016 | 27845437 |
| microbiome analysis reveals the abundance of bacterial pathogens in rousettus leschenaultii guano. | bats are crucial for proper functioning of an ecosystem. they provide various important services to ecosystem and environment. while, bats are well-known carrier of pathogenic viruses, their possible role as a potential carrier of pathogenic bacteria is under-explored. here, using culture-based approach, employing multiple bacteriological media, over thousand bacteria were cultivated and identified from rousettus leschenaultii (a frugivorous bat species), the majority of which were from the fami ... | 2016 | 27845426 |
| procalcitonin is a better biomarker than c-reactive protein in newborns undergoing cardiac surgery: the prokineca study. | to assess the kinetics of procalcitonin (pct) and c-reactive protein (crp) in newborns after cardiothoracic surgery (cs), with and without cardiopulmonary bypass, and to assess whether pct was better than crp in identifying sepsis in the first 72 hours after cs. | 2016 | 27840575 |
| pharmacologically active flavonoids from the anticancer, antioxidant and antimicrobial extracts of cassia angustifolia vahl. | cassia angustifolia vahl. (commonly known as senna makkai or cassia senna), native to saudi arabia, egypt, yemen and also extensively cultivated in pakistan, is a medicinal herb used traditionally to cure number of diseases like liver diseases, constipation, typhoid, cholera etc. this study was conducted to evaluate the in-vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer assays and phytochemical constituents of aqueous and organic extracts of c. angustifolia leaves. | 2016 | 27835979 |
| 14-year survey in a swedish county reveals a pronounced increase in bloodstream infections (bsi). comorbidity - an independent risk factor for both bsi and mortality. | we assessed the incidence, risk factors and outcome of bsi over a 14-year period (2000-2013) in a swedish county. | 2016 | 27835663 |
| a case of il-7r deficiency caused by a novel synonymous mutation and implications for mutation screening in scid diagnosis. | reported synonymous substitutions are generally non-pathogenic, and rare pathogenic synonymous variants may be disregarded unless there is a high index of suspicion. in a case of il7 receptor deficiency severe combined immunodeficiency (scid), the relevance of a non-reported synonymous variant was only suspected through the use of additional in silico computational tools, which focused on the impact of mutations on gene splicing. the pathogenic nature of the variant was confirmed using experimen ... | 2016 | 27833609 |
| a retrospective study of the impact of rapid diagnostic testing on time to pathogen identification and antibiotic use for children with positive blood cultures. | rapid identification of bloodstream pathogens provides crucial information that can improve the choice of antimicrobial therapy for children. previous impact studies have primarily focused on adults. our objective was to evaluate the impact of rapid testing in a children's hospital on time to organism identification and antibiotic use in the setting of an established antimicrobial stewardship program. | 2016 | 27832502 |
| dcia is an ancestral replicative helicase operator essential for bacterial replication initiation. | delivery of the replicative helicase onto dna is an essential step in the initiation of replication. in bacteria, dnac (in escherichia coli) and dnai (in bacillus subtilis) are representative of the two known mechanisms that assist the replicative helicase at this stage. here, we establish that these two strategies cannot be regarded as prototypical of the bacterial domain since dnac and dnai (dna[ci]) are present in only a few bacterial phyla. we show that dna[ci] was domesticated at least seve ... | 2016 | 27830752 |
| clinical impact of blood culture results in acutely ill hospitalized adult patients with cystic fibrosis. | blood cultures are obtained clinically to confirm site and source of acute infection as well as to guide effective antibiotic therapies. patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) are at risk for blood stream infection (bsi) as identified from positive blood culture results. | 2016 | 27829951 |
| a new lab developed real time pcr assay for direct detection of c. difficle from stool sample without dna extraction. | clostridium difficile is a major cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated infectious diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. detection of c. difficile by anaerobic bacterial culture and/or cytotoxicity assays has been largely replaced by rapid enzyme immunoassays (eia). however, due to the lack of sensitivity of stool eia, we developed a multiplex real-time pcr assay targeting the c. difficile toxin genes tcdb. stool samples from hospitalized pediatric patients suspected of having c. difficile-a ... | 2016 | 27829823 |
| rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test for identification of new therapeutics and drug combinations against multidrug-resistant bacteria. | current antimicrobial susceptibility testing has limited screening capability for identifying empirical antibiotic combinations to treat severe bacterial infections with multidrug-resistant (mdr) organisms. we developed a new antimicrobial susceptibility assay using automated ultra-high-throughput screen technology in combination with a simple bacterial growth assay. a rapid screening of 5170 approved drugs and other compounds identified 25 compounds with activities against mdr klebsiella pneumo ... | 2016 | 27826141 |
| antimicrobial resistance in enterobacteriaceae in brazil: focus on β-lactams and polymyxins. | during the last 30 years there has been a dissemination of plasmid-mediated β-lactamases in enterobacteriaceae in brazil. extended spectrum β-lactamases (esbl) are widely disseminated in the hospital setting and are detected in a lower frequency in the community setting. cefotaximases are the most frequently detected esbl type and klebsiella pneumoniae is the predominant species among esbl producers. klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae became widely disseminated in b ... | 2016 | 27825605 |
| long-term evolution of burkholderia multivorans during a chronic cystic fibrosis infection reveals shifting forces of selection. | burkholderia multivorans is an opportunistic pathogen capable of causing severe disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf). patients may be chronically infected for years, during which the bacterial population evolves in response to unknown forces. here we analyze the genomic and functional evolution of a b. multivorans infection that was sequentially sampled from a cf patient over 20 years. the population diversified into at least four primary, coexisting clades with distinct evolutionary dy ... | 2016 | 27822534 |
| a review of global initiatives to fight antibiotic resistance and recent antibiotics׳ discovery. | data from across the world have shown an overall decline in the antibiotic pipeline and continually rising resistance to all first-line and last-resort antibiotics. the gaps in our knowledge of existing prevalence and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance (abr) are all too well known. several decades of antibiotic abuse in humans, animals, and agricultural practices have created health emergency situations and huge socio-economic impact. this paper discusses key findings of the studies conducted b ... | 2016 | 27818921 |
| the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) identification versus biochemical tests: a study with enterobacteria from a dairy cattle environment. | mastitis adversely affects milk production and in general cows do not regain their full production levels post recovery, leading to considerable economic losses. moreover the percentage decrease in milk production depends on the specific pathogen that caused the infection and enterobacteria are responsible for this greater reduction. phenotypic tests are among the currently available methods used worldwide to identify enterobacteria; however they tend to misdiagnose the species despite the multi ... | 2016 | 27818092 |
| the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) identification versus biochemical tests: a study with enterobacteria from a dairy cattle environment. | mastitis adversely affects milk production and in general cows do not regain their full production levels post recovery, leading to considerable economic losses. moreover the percentage decrease in milk production depends on the specific pathogen that caused the infection and enterobacteria are responsible for this greater reduction. phenotypic tests are among the currently available methods used worldwide to identify enterobacteria; however they tend to misdiagnose the species despite the multi ... | 2016 | 27818092 |
| occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric rods and pseudomonads isolated from the dental prostheses biofilm. | to determine the occurrence and the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric rods and pseudomonads from the denture biofilm of 52 subjects at the center for dental specialties of sobral/ ceara, brazil. | 2016 | 27812616 |
| enterobacteriaceae isolated from the river danube: antibiotic resistances, with a focus on the presence of esbl and carbapenemases. | in a clinical setting it seems to be normal these days that a relevant proportion or even the majority of different bacterial species has already one or more acquired antibiotic resistances. unfortunately, the overuse of antibiotics for livestock breeding and medicine has also altered the wild-type resistance profiles of many bacterial species in different environmental settings. as a matter of fact, getting in contact with resistant bacteria is no longer restricted to hospitals. beside food and ... | 2016 | 27812159 |
| phenanthrenes from juncus inflexus with antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | the present study has focused on an investigation of the antibacterial effects of juncus inflexus and the isolation and identification of its active compounds. eleven phenanthrenes were isolated from a methanolic extract of the roots. four compounds (jinflexins a-d, 1-4) are new natural products, while seven phenanthrenes [juncuenins a (5), b (6), and d (8), juncusol (7), dehydrojuncuenins a (9) and b (11), and dehydrojuncusol (10)] were isolated for the first time from the plant. jinflexin d (4 ... | 2016 | 27808510 |
| editorial: harnessing useful rhizosphere microorganisms for pathogen and pest biocontrol. | 2016 | 27807429 | |
| microbial community dynamics in the rhizosphere of a cadmium hyper-accumulator. | phytoextraction is influenced by the indigenous soil microbial communities during the remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. soil microbial communities can affect plant growth, metal availability and the performance of phytoextraction-assisting inocula. understanding the basic ecology of indigenous soil communities associated with the phytoextraction process, including the interplay between selective pressures upon the communities, is an important step towards phytoextraction optimizatio ... | 2016 | 27805014 |
| reduced susceptibility to extended-spectrum β-lactams in vibrio cholerae isolated in bangladesh. | β-lactams are antibiotic molecules able to inhibit cell wall biosynthesis. among other mechanisms, resistance in gram-negative bacteria is mostly associated with production of β-lactamase enzymes able to bind and hydrolyze the β-lactam ring. extended-spectrum β-lactamases extend this ability also to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, as well as to carbapenems and monobactams. vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of epidemic cholera and a public health burden for developing countries ... | 2016 | 27803895 |
| new weapons to fight old enemies: novel strategies for the (bio)control of bacterial biofilms in the food industry. | biofilms are microbial communities characterized by their adhesion to solid surfaces and the production of a matrix of exopolymeric substances, consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, dna and lipids, which surround the microorganisms lending structural integrity and a unique biochemical profile to the biofilm. biofilm formation enhances the ability of the producer/s to persist in a given environment. pathogenic and spoilage bacterial species capable of forming biofilms are a significant problem ... | 2016 | 27803696 |
| microbiological and chemical analysis of land snails commercialised in sicily. | in this study 160 samples of snails belonging to the species helix aspersa maxima and helix aspersa muller were examined for chemical and microbiological analysis. samples came from greece and poland. results showed mean concentration of cadmium (0.35±0.036 mg/kg) and lead (0.05±0.013 mg/kg) much higher than the limit of detection. mercury levels in both species were not detected. microbiological analysis revealed the absence of salmonella spp. and clostridium spp. in both examined species. e. c ... | 2015 | 27800385 |
| microbiological findings in ready-to-eat and precooked food distributed in public catering halls in cagliari province, italy. | during this research 159 samples of ready-to-eat and precooked food were examined for the detection of salmonella spp., listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, coagulase-positive staphylococci and enterobacteriaceae, bacterial count. all samples were negative for salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes; although a low count of coagulase-positive staphylococci (no. 5 samples) and e. coli (no. 3) was found. we proceeded with the identification of the isolates on every sample with high, modera ... | 2014 | 27800358 |
| isolation of cronobacter spp. (enterobacter sakazakii) from artisanal mozzarella. | cronobacter spp. (enterobacter sakazakii) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen capable of causing disease and even fatalities in newborn infants within the first weeks of life if consumed as part of the diet. premature and immunocompromised newborn infants are at particular risk. the microorganism has been isolated from a variety of foods including contaminated infant milk formula powder and milk powder substitute. the study aimed to evaluate the level of microbiological contamination in 47 sa ... | 2014 | 27800308 |
| host-specific functional significance of caenorhabditis gut commensals. | the gut microbiota is an important contributor to host health and fitness. given its importance, microbiota composition should not be left to chance. however, what determines this composition is far from clear, with results supporting contributions of both environmental factors and host genetics. to gauge the relative contributions of host genetics and environment, specifically the microbial diversity, we characterized the gut microbiotas of caenorhabditis species spanning 200-300 million years ... | 2016 | 27799924 |
| molecular epidemiology of environmental and clinical carbapenemase-producing gram-negative bacilli from hospitals in guelma, algeria: multiple genetic lineages and first report of oxa-48 in enterobacter cloacae. | this study was designed to investigate environmental colonisation in algerian hospitals by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli (gnb), including molecular characterisation of their resistance, and to perform a comparative molecular analysis between clinical and environmental strains. gnb isolated from hospitalised patients and the hospital environment were identified using microbiological methods and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof/ms ... | 2016 | 27794265 |
| repertoire of free-living protozoa in contact lens solutions. | the repertoire of free-living protozoa in contact lens solutions is poorly known despite the fact that such protozoa may act as direct pathogens and may harbor intra-cellular pathogens. | 2016 | 27793130 |
| n-acetyl-cysteine exhibits potent anti-mycobacterial activity in addition to its known anti-oxidative functions. | mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is thought to induce oxidative stress. n-acetyl-cysteine (nac) is widely used in patients with chronic pulmonary diseases including tuberculosis due to its mucolytic and anti-oxidant activities. here, we tested whether nac exerts a direct antibiotic activity against mycobacteria. | 2016 | 27793104 |
| antimicrobial effect of ozone made by kp syringe of high-frequency ozone generator. | the aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the antibacterial effect of ozone on suspension of three different bacteria inoculated in prepared canals of extracted human teeth. | 2016 | 27789911 |
| emphysematous pyelonephritis: the impact of urolithiasis on disease severity. | emphysematous pyelonephritis is a severe infection of the kidney associated with formation of gas in the renal parenchyma and/or collecting system. the purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes of patients with emphysematous pyelonephritis in a contemporary cohort and to evaluate the impact of urolithiasis on disease severity. | 2016 | 27785435 |
| peroxy pyruvic acid-containing topical anti-infective: a potential candidate for a wound instillation solution. | objective: evaluate the therapeutic properties of a peroxy pyruvic acid (ppa)-containing topical anti-infective in a human ex-vivo model that replicates the natural conditions of a human chronic wound. approach: wound material was extracted from patients with nonhealing diabetic ulcers, venous stasis ulcers, and arterial wounds. microbial species were identified, and wound colonization was quantified. extracted samples were then exposed to a ppa-containing topical anti-infective as an instillati ... | 2016 | 27785377 |
| hyperbaric oxygen therapy as additional treatment in deep sternal wound infections - a single center's experience. | deep sternal wound infection (dswi) is one of the most serious complications after cardiac surgery procedures, observed in 5% of patients. current standard medical therapy for dswi includes antibiotics, surgical debridement, resuturing or negative pressure wound therapy (npwt). unfortunately, in some cases these methods are insufficient, and additional therapeutic options are needed. | 2016 | 27785131 |
| muscle as an osteoinductive niche for local bone formation with the use of a biphasic calcium sulphate/hydroxyapatite biomaterial. | we have observed clinical cases where bone is formed in the overlaying muscle covering surgically created bone defects treated with a hydroxyapatite/calcium sulphate biomaterial. our objective was to investigate the osteoinductive potential of the biomaterial and to determine if growth factors secreted from local bone cells induce osteoblastic differentiation of muscle cells. | 2016 | 27784668 |
| laurus nobilis, zingiber officinale and anethum graveolens essential oils: composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities against bacteria isolated from fish and shellfish. | several bacterial strains were isolated from wild and reared fish and shellfish. the identification of these strains showed the dominance of the aeromonas hydrophila species in all seafood samples, followed by staphylococcus spp., vibrio alginolyticus, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella ornithinolytica, klebsiella oxytoca and serratia odorifera. the isolates were studied for their ability to produce exoenzymes and biofilms. the chemical composition of the essential oils from laurus nobilis leaves, ... | 2016 | 27782086 |
| looking for rhizobacterial ecological indicators in agricultural soils using 16s rrna metagenomic amplicon data. | biological communities present in soil are essential to sustainable and productive agricultural practices; however, an accurate determination of the ecological status of agricultural soils remains to date an elusive task. an ideal indicator should be pervasive, play a relevant role in the ecosystem, show a rapid and proportional answer to external perturbations and be easily and economically measurable. rhizobacteria play a major role in determining soil properties, becoming an attractive candid ... | 2016 | 27780257 |
| population screening using sewage reveals pan-resistant bacteria in hospital and community samples. | the presence of pan-resistant bacteria worldwide possesses a threat to global health. it is difficult to evaluate the extent of carriage of resistant bacteria in the population. sewage sampling is a possible way to monitor populations. we evaluated the presence of pan-resistant bacteria in israeli sewage collected from all over israel, by modifying the pour plate method for heterotrophic plate count technique using commercial selective agar plates. this method enables convenient and fast sewage ... | 2016 | 27780222 |
| the role of dna amplification and cultural growth in complicated acute appendicitis. | bacterial growth of peritoneal fluid specimens obtained during surgical procedures for acute appendicitis may be useful to optimize further antibiotic therapy in complicated cases. dna amplification represents a fast technique to detect microbial sequences. we aimed to compare the potential of dna amplification versus traditional bacterial growth culture highlighting advantages and drawbacks in a surgical setting. peritoneal fluid specimens were collected during surgery from 36 children who unde ... | 2016 | 27777701 |