Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| [rna interference and its effect of cyp76ah1 in biosynthesis of tanshinone]. | tanshinones, the main bioactive compounds of salvia miltiorrhiza, are the diterpenoid pigments, multiple genes were proved to be involved in their biosynthesis in plants. cyp76ah1 is the initial p450 gene in the tanshinones biosynthetic pathway, its function has been validated by yeast expression and in vitroenzymatic reaction. in order to clarify the function of cyp76ah1 in vivo, in this study, we constructedthe rna interference of cyp7ah1 in s. miltiorrhiza hairy root. the rna interference vec ... | 2015 | 26281576 |
| role of proline in cell wall synthesis and plant development and its implications in plant ontogeny. | proline is a proteogenic amino acid and accumulates both under stress and non-stress conditions as a beneficial solute in plants. recent discoveries point out that proline plays an important role in plant growth and differentiation across life cycle. it is a key determinant of many cell wall proteins that plays important roles in plant development. the role of extensins, arabinogalactan proteins and hydroxyproline- and proline-rich proteins as important components of cell wall proteins that play ... | 2015 | 26257754 |
| flavonoids and auxin transport inhibitors rescue symbiotic nodulation in the medicago truncatula cytokinin perception mutant cre1. | initiation of symbiotic nodules in legumes requires cytokinin signaling, but its mechanism of action is largely unknown. here, we tested whether the failure to initiate nodules in the medicago truncatula cytokinin perception mutant cre1 (cytokinin response1) is due to its altered ability to regulate auxin transport, auxin accumulation, and induction of flavonoids. we found that in the cre1 mutant, symbiotic rhizobia cannot locally alter acro- and basipetal auxin transport during nodule initiatio ... | 2015 | 26253705 |
| putative type 1 thymidylate synthase and dihydrofolate reductase as signature genes of a novel bastille-like group of phages in the subfamily spounavirinae. | spounavirinae viruses have received an increasing interest as tools for the control of harmful bacteria due to their relatively broad host range and strictly virulent phenotype. | 2015 | 26250905 |
| establishment of transgenic rhazya stricta hairy roots to modulate terpenoid indole alkaloid production. | transgenic hairy roots of r. stricta were developed for investigation of alkaloid accumulations. the contents of five identified alkaloids, including serpentine as a new compound, increased compared to non-transformed roots. rhazya stricta decne. is a rich source of pharmacologically active terpenoid indole alkaloids (tias). in order to study tia production and enable metabolic engineering, we established hairy root cultures of r. stricta by co-cultivating cotyledon, hypocotyl, leaf, and shoot e ... | 2015 | 26245531 |
| attctp2 mrna and protein movement correlates with formation of adventitious roots in tobacco. | the translationally controlled tumor proteins, or tctp, is a superfamily of exclusively eukaryotic proteins essential in the regulation of proliferation and general growth. however, it is clear that these are multifunctional proteins given (1) the pleiotropic effects of its mutations, and (2), the multiple processes in which this protein is involved. tctp function in general is conserved, since arabidopsis attctp1 can rescue a drosophila mutant, and vice versa. it has become clear, however, that ... | 2015 | 26237533 |
| attctp2 mrna and protein movement correlates with formation of adventitious roots in tobacco. | the translationally controlled tumor proteins, or tctp, is a superfamily of exclusively eukaryotic proteins essential in the regulation of proliferation and general growth. however, it is clear that these are multifunctional proteins given (1) the pleiotropic effects of its mutations, and (2), the multiple processes in which this protein is involved. tctp function in general is conserved, since arabidopsis attctp1 can rescue a drosophila mutant, and vice versa. it has become clear, however, that ... | 2015 | 26237533 |
| plant hairy root cultures as plasmodium modulators of the slime mold emergent computing substrate physarum polycephalum. | roots of the medicinal plant valeriana officinalis are well-studied for their various biological activities. we applied genetically transformed v. officinalis root biomass to exert control of physarum polycephalum, an amoeba-based emergent computing substrate. the plasmodial stage of the p. polycephalum life cycle constitutes a single, multinucleate cell visible by unaided eye. the plasmodium modifies its network of oscillating protoplasm in response to spatial configurations of attractants and ... | 2015 | 26236301 |
| a high efficient protocol for soybean root transformation by agrobacterium rhizogenes and most stable reference genes for rt-qpcr analysis. | a 55% transformation efficiency was obtained by our optimized protocol; and we showed that gmelf1 - β and gmelf1 - α are the most stable reference genes for expression analyses under this specific condition. gene functional analyses are essential to the validation of results obtained from in silico and/or gene-prospecting studies. genetic transformation methods that yield tissues of transient expression quickly have been of considerable interest to researchers. agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated ... | 2015 | 26232349 |
| biotechnological approaches to enhance salidroside, rosin and its derivatives production in selected rhodiola spp. in vitro cultures. | rhodiola (crassulaceae) an arctic-alpine plant, is extensively used in traditional folk medicine in asian and european countries. a number of investigations have demonstrated that rhodiola preparations exhibit adaptogenic, neuroprotective, anti-tumour, cardioprotective, and anti-depressant effects. the main compounds responsible for these activities are believed to be salidroside, rosin and its derivatives which became the target of biotechnological investigations. this review summarizes the res ... | 2014 | 26213525 |
| biotechnological approaches to enhance salidroside, rosin and its derivatives production in selected rhodiola spp. in vitro cultures. | rhodiola (crassulaceae) an arctic-alpine plant, is extensively used in traditional folk medicine in asian and european countries. a number of investigations have demonstrated that rhodiola preparations exhibit adaptogenic, neuroprotective, anti-tumour, cardioprotective, and anti-depressant effects. the main compounds responsible for these activities are believed to be salidroside, rosin and its derivatives which became the target of biotechnological investigations. this review summarizes the res ... | 2014 | 26213525 |
| a role for the mevalonate pathway in early plant symbiotic signaling. | rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi produce signals that are perceived by host legume receptors at the plasma membrane and trigger sustained oscillations of the nuclear and perinuclear ca(2+) concentration (ca(2+) spiking), which in turn leads to gene expression and downstream symbiotic responses. the activation of ca(2+) spiking requires the plasma membrane-localized receptor-like kinase does not make infections 2 (dmi2) as well as the nuclear cation channel dmi1. a key enzyme regulating ... | 2015 | 26199419 |
| attctp2, an arabidopsis thaliana homolog of translationally controlled tumor protein, enhances in vitro plant regeneration. | the translationally controlled tumor protein (tctp) is a central regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation in animals, and probably also in plants. arabidopsis harbors two tctp genes, attctp1 (at3g16640), which is an important mitotic regulator, and attctp2 (at3g05540), which is considered a pseudogene. nevertheless, we have obtained evidence suggesting that this gene is functional. indeed, a t-dna insertion mutant, salk_045146, displays a lethal phenotype during early rosette stage. a ... | 2015 | 26191065 |
| early lotus japonicus root transcriptomic responses to symbiotic and pathogenic fungal exudates. | the objective of this study is to evaluate lotus japonicus transcriptomic responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) germinated spore exudates (gses), responsible for activating nuclear ca(2+) spiking in plant root epidermis. a microarray experiment was performed comparing gene expression in lotus rootlets treated with gse or water after 24 and 48 h. the transcriptional pattern of selected genes that resulted to be regulated in the array was further evaluated upon different treatments and timings. ... | 2015 | 26175746 |
| deep sequencing of the medicago truncatula root transcriptome reveals a massive and early interaction between nodulation factor and ethylene signals. | the legume-rhizobium symbiosis is initiated through the activation of the nodulation (nod) factor-signaling cascade, leading to a rapid reprogramming of host cell developmental pathways. in this work, we combine transcriptome sequencing with molecular genetics and network analysis to quantify and categorize the transcriptional changes occurring in roots of medicago truncatula from minutes to days after inoculation with sinorhizobium medicae. to identify the nature of the inductive and regulatory ... | 2015 | 26175514 |
| lamp assay and rapid sample preparation method for on-site detection of flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine. | in europe the most devastating phytoplasma associated with grapevine yellows (gy) diseases is a quarantine pest, flavescence dorée (fdp), from the 16srv taxonomic group. the on-site detection of fdp with an affordable device would contribute to faster and more efficient decisions on the control measures for fdp. therefore, a real-time isothermal lamp assay for detection of fdp was validated according to the eppo standards and miqe guidelines. the lamp assay was shown to be specific and extremely ... | 2014 | 26146413 |
| lamp assay and rapid sample preparation method for on-site detection of flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine. | in europe the most devastating phytoplasma associated with grapevine yellows (gy) diseases is a quarantine pest, flavescence dorée (fdp), from the 16srv taxonomic group. the on-site detection of fdp with an affordable device would contribute to faster and more efficient decisions on the control measures for fdp. therefore, a real-time isothermal lamp assay for detection of fdp was validated according to the eppo standards and miqe guidelines. the lamp assay was shown to be specific and extremely ... | 2014 | 26146413 |
| extraction and elemental analysis of coleus forskohlii extract. | coleus forskohlii willd. is a popular traditional medicine used since ancient times for treatment of heart diseases, abdominal colic and respiratory disorders. | 2015 | 26130934 |
| comprehensive tissue-specific transcriptome analysis reveals distinct regulatory programs during early tomato fruit development. | fruit formation and early development involve a range of physiological and morphological transformations of the various constituent tissues of the ovary. these developmental changes vary considerably according to tissue type, but molecular analyses at an organ-wide level inevitably obscure many tissue-specific phenomena. we used laser-capture microdissection coupled to high-throughput rna sequencing to analyze the transcriptome of ovaries and fruit tissues of the wild tomato species solanum pimp ... | 2015 | 26099271 |
| interspecies gene transfer provides soybean resistance to a fungal pathogen. | fungal pathogens pose a major challenge to global crop production. crop varieties that resist disease present the best defence and offer an alternative to chemical fungicides. exploiting durable nonhost resistance (nhr) for crop protection often requires identification and transfer of nhr-linked genes to the target crop. here, we identify genes associated with nhr of arabidopsis thaliana to phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causative agent of the devastating fungal disease called asian soybean rust. we ... | 2015 | 26096357 |
| interspecies gene transfer provides soybean resistance to a fungal pathogen. | fungal pathogens pose a major challenge to global crop production. crop varieties that resist disease present the best defence and offer an alternative to chemical fungicides. exploiting durable nonhost resistance (nhr) for crop protection often requires identification and transfer of nhr-linked genes to the target crop. here, we identify genes associated with nhr of arabidopsis thaliana to phakopsora pachyrhizi, the causative agent of the devastating fungal disease called asian soybean rust. we ... | 2015 | 26096357 |
| enhancement of ginsenoside rg(1) in panax ginseng hairy root by overexpressing the α-l-rhamnosidase gene from bifidobacterium breve. | to improve the production of ginsenoside rg1 in panax ginseng. | 2015 | 26087948 |
| molecular insights on the functional microbial community from organic and mineral growing media and its interaction with agrobacterium rhizogenes. | despite numerous preventative measures, the hairy roots syndrome is an increasing problem in greenhouse horticulture. a recent survey of 177 tomato, cucumber and eggplant growers in flanders (belgium) revealed an increase of this disease in the last two years, with about 26% of all the tomato crops showing the syndrome. in this study, we compared the physicochemical and microbial community characteristics of inorganic and organic growing media in relation to the presence of the causative agent o ... | 2014 | 26080470 |
| functional divergence of diterpene syntheses in the medicinal plant salvia miltiorrhiza. | the medicinal plant salvia miltiorrhiza produces various tanshinone diterpenoids that have pharmacological activities such as vasorelaxation against ischemia reperfusion injury and antiarrhythmic effects. their biosynthesis is initiated from the general diterpenoid precursor (e,e,e)-geranylgeranyl diphosphate by sequential reactions catalyzed by copalyl diphosphate synthase (cps) and kaurene synthase-like cyclases. here, we report characterization of these enzymatic families from s. miltiorrhiza ... | 2015 | 26077765 |
| metabolic responses of willow (salix purpurea l.) leaves to mycorrhization as revealed by mass spectrometry and (1)h nmr spectroscopy metabolite profiling. | the root system of most terrestrial plants form symbiotic interfaces with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf), which are important for nutrient cycling and ecosystem sustainability. the elucidation of the undergoing changes in plants' metabolism during symbiosis is essential for understanding nutrient acquisition and for alleviation of soil stresses caused by environmental cues. within this context, we have undertaken the task of recording the fluctuation of willow (salix purpurea l.) leaf metabo ... | 2015 | 26042135 |
| yield enhancement strategies for the production of picroliv from hairy root culture of picrorhiza kurroa royle ex benth. | fast-growing hairy root cultures of picrorhiza kurroa induced by agrobacterium rhizogenes offers a potential production system for iridoid glycosides. in present study we have investigated the effects of various nutrient medium formulations viz b5, ms, wp and nn, and sucrose concentrations (1-8%) on the biomass and glycoside production of selected clone (14-p) of p. kurroa hairy root. full strength b5 medium was found to be most suitable for maximum biomass yield on the 40th day of culture (gi = ... | 2015 | 26039483 |
| targeted mutagenesis in soybean using the crispr-cas9 system. | genome editing is a valuable technique for gene function analysis and crop improvement. over the past two years, the crispr-cas9 system has emerged as a powerful tool for precisely targeted gene editing. in this study, we predicted 11 u6 genes in soybean (glycine max l.). we then constructed two vectors (pcas9-gmu6-sgrna and pcas9-atu6-sgrna) using the soybean u6-10 and arabidopsis u6-26 promoters, respectively, to produce synthetic guide rnas (sgrnas) for targeted gene mutagenesis. three genes, ... | 2015 | 26022141 |
| metabolomic analysis of wild and transgenic nicotiana langsdorffii plants exposed to abiotic stresses: unraveling metabolic responses. | nicotiana langsdorffii plants, wild and transgenic for the agrobacterium rhizogenes rol c gene and the rat glucocorticoid receptor (gr) gene, were exposed to different abiotic stresses (high temperature, water deficit, and high chromium concentrations). an untargeted metabolomic analysis was carried out in order to investigate the metabolic effects of the inserted genes in response to the applied stresses and to obtain a comprehensive profiling of metabolites induced during abiotic stresses. hig ... | 2015 | 26014284 |
| bacterial-induced calcium oscillations are common to nitrogen-fixing associations of nodulating legumes and nonlegumes. | plants that form root-nodule symbioses are within a monophyletic 'nitrogen-fixing' clade and associated signalling processes are shared with the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. central to symbiotic signalling are nuclear-associated oscillations in calcium ions (ca(2+) ), occurring in the root hairs of several legume species in response to the rhizobial nod factor signal. in this study we expanded the species analysed for activation of ca(2+) oscillations, including nonleguminous species within ... | 2015 | 26010117 |
| alpinia calcarata roscoe: a potential phytopharmacological source of natural medicine. | alpinia calcarata roscoe (family: zingiberaceae), is a rhizomatous perennial herb, which is commonly used in the traditional medicinal systems in sri lanka. alpinia calcarata is cultivated in tropical countries, including sri lanka, india, and malaysia. experimentally, rhizomes of alpinia calcarata are shown to possess antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, aphrodisiac, gastroprotective, and antidiabetic activities. phytochemical screening revea ... | 2015 | 26009694 |
| the arabidopsis r-snare vamp721 interacts with kat1 and kc1 k+ channels to moderate k+ current at the plasma membrane. | snare (soluble n-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor protein attachment protein receptor) proteins drive vesicle traffic, delivering membrane and cargo to target sites within the cell and at its surface. they contribute to cell homeostasis, morphogenesis, and pathogen defense. a subset of snares, including the arabidopsis thaliana snare syp121, are known also to coordinate solute uptake via physical interactions with k(+) channels and to moderate their gating at the plasma membrane. here, we identif ... | 2015 | 26002867 |
| [induction and in vitro culture of hairy roots of dianthus caryophyllus and its plant regeneration]. | to use agrobacterium rhizogenes-induced hairy roots to create new germplasm of dianthus caryophyllus, we transformed d. caryophyllus with a. rhizogenes by leaf disc for plant regeneration from hairy roots. the white hairy roots could be induced from the basal surface of leaf explants of d. caryophyllus 12 days after inoculation with a. rhizogenes atcc15834. the percentage of the rooting leaf explants was about 90% 21 days after inoculation. the hairy roots could grow rapidly and autonomously in ... | 2014 | 25985525 |
| whole-genome sequence and annotation of octopine-utilizing pseudomonas kilonensis (previously p. fluorescens) strain 1855-344. | here, we report the whole-genome sequence and annotation of pseudomonas kilonensis 1855-344 (previously known as p. fluorescens 1855-344). the genome contains an octopine oxidase gene cluster consistent with the ability to utilize octopine. a biosynthetic gene cluster was identified for mangotoxin and aryl-polyene using the antismash server. | 2015 | 25977435 |
| [opine biosynthesis and catabolism genes of agrobacterium tumefaciens and agrobacterium rhizogenes]. | agrobacterium is a genus of soil bacteria with the ability to transform plant cells by a t-dna-sequence located on the pti/pri- plasmid containing a set of genes expressed in plant cells. expression of these genes leads to a proliferation of transformed cells, with the subsequent formation of tumors or growths of roots and the synthesis of opines--products of the condensation of amino acids with ketoacids or sugars used by agrobacteria as a source of carbon and nitrogen. in this review, we syste ... | 2015 | 25966579 |
| editorial: "agrobacterium biology and its application to transgenic plant production". | 2015 | 25954291 | |
| a transgenic ginseng vaccine for bovine viral diarrhea. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections are endemic in cattle populations worldwide and cause major economic losses. thus, an effective vaccine is needed against the transmission of bvdv. the glycoprotein e(rns) is one of the envelope proteins of this virus and shows bvdv-related immunogenicity. here, we report the use of panax ginseng as an alternative production platform for the expression of glycoprotein e(rns) via agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | 2015 | 25948546 |
| effect of rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation on electrolyte leakage in phaseolus vulgaris roots overexpressing rbohb. | respiratory oxidative burst homolog (rboh)-mediated reactive oxygen species (ros) regulate a wide range of biological functions in plants. they play a critical role in the symbiosis between legumes and nitrogen-fixing bacteria or arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi. for instance, overexpression of pvrbohb enhances nodule numbers, but reduces mycorrhizal colonization in phaseolus vulgaris hairy roots and downregulation has the opposite effect. in the present study, we assessed the effect of both rh ... | 2015 | 25946118 |
| improvement of polyunsaturated fatty acid production in echium acanthocarpum transformed hairy root cultures by application of different abiotic stress conditions. | fatty acids are of great nutritional, therapeutic, and physiological importance, especially the polyunsaturated n-3 fatty acids, possessing larger carbon chains and abundant double bonds or their immediate precursors. a few higher plant species are able to accumulate these compounds, like those belonging to the echium genus. here, the novel e. acanthocarpum hairy root system, which is able to accumulate many fatty acids, including stearidonic and α-linolenic acids, was optimized for a better pro ... | 2013 | 25937970 |
| mir171h restricts root symbioses and shows like its target nsp2 a complex transcriptional regulation in medicago truncatula. | legumes have the unique capability to undergo root nodule and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. both types of root endosymbiosis are regulated by nsp2, which is a target of microrna171h (mir171h). although, recent data implies that mir171h specifically restricts arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in the root elongation zone of medicago truncatula roots, there is limited knowledge available about the spatio-temporal regulation of mir171h expression at different physiological and symbiotic condition ... | 2014 | 25928247 |
| the genome of cultivated sweet potato contains agrobacterium t-dnas with expressed genes: an example of a naturally transgenic food crop. | agrobacterium rhizogenes and agrobacterium tumefaciens are plant pathogenic bacteria capable of transferring dna fragments [transfer dna (t-dna)] bearing functional genes into the host plant genome. this naturally occurring mechanism has been adapted by plant biotechnologists to develop genetically modified crops that today are grown on more than 10% of the world's arable land, although their use can result in considerable controversy. while assembling small interfering rnas, or sirnas, of sweet ... | 2015 | 25902487 |
| meloidogyne javanica fatty acid- and retinol-binding protein (mj-far-1) regulates expression of lipid-, cell wall-, stress- and phenylpropanoid-related genes during nematode infection of tomato. | the secreted meloidogyne javanica fatty acid- and retinol-binding (far) protein mj-far-1 is involved in nematode development and reproduction in host tomato roots. to gain further insight into the role of mj-far-1 in regulating disease development, local transcriptional changes were monitored in tomato hairy root lines with constitutive mj-far-1 expression compared with control roots without inoculation, and 2, 5 and 15 days after inoculation (dai), using mrna sequencing analysis. | 2015 | 25886179 |
| solanum lycopersicum auxin response factor 9 regulates cell division activity during early tomato fruit development. | the transformation of the ovary into a fruit after successful completion of pollination and fertilization has been associated with many changes at transcriptomic level. these changes are part of a dynamic and complex regulatory network that is controlled by phytohormones, with a major role for auxin. one of the auxin-related genes differentially expressed upon fruit set and early fruit development in tomato is solanum lycopersicum auxin response factor 9 (slarf9). here, the functional analysis o ... | 2015 | 25883382 |
| targeted genome modifications in soybean with crispr/cas9. | the ability to selectively alter genomic dna sequences in vivo is a powerful tool for basic and applied research. the crispr/cas9 system precisely mutates dna sequences in a number of organisms. here, the crispr/cas9 system is shown to be effective in soybean by knocking-out a green fluorescent protein (gfp) transgene and modifying nine endogenous loci. | 2015 | 25879861 |
| an update on oligosaccharides and their esters from traditional chinese medicines: chemical structures and biological activities. | a great number of naturally occurring oligosaccharides and oligosaccharide esters have been isolated from traditional chinese medicinal plants, which are used widely in asia and show prominent curative effects in the prevention and treatment of kinds of diseases. numerous in vitro and in vivo experiments have revealed that oligosaccharides and their esters exhibited various activities, including antioxidant, antidepressant, cytotoxic, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, cerebral ... | 2015 | 25861364 |
| thermodynamic and structural properties of tuber starches from transgenic potato plants grown in vitro and in vivo. | potato plants harboring phytochrome b (phyb) gene from arabidopsis thaliana or rol genes from agrobacterium rhizogenes were used to study the effect of transgene expression on structure and properties of starch in tubers. thermodynamic characteristics of starch (melting temperature, enthalpy of melting, thickness of crystalline lamellae) were shown to be variable depending on the transgene expression and plant culturing mode: in vitro or in soil. the expression of rolb or rolc genes in in vitro ... | 2015 | 25857977 |
| suppression of arbuscule degeneration in medicago truncatula phosphate transporter4 mutants is dependent on the ammonium transporter 2 family protein amt2;3. | during arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) symbiosis, the plant gains access to phosphate (pi) and nitrogen delivered by its fungal symbiont. transfer of mineral nutrients occurs at the interface between branched hyphae called arbuscules and root cortical cells. in medicago truncatula, a pi transporter, pt4, is required for symbiotic pi transport, and in pt4, symbiotic pi transport fails, arbuscules degenerate prematurely, and the symbiosis is not maintained. premature arbuscule degeneration (pad) is su ... | 2015 | 25841038 |
| artemisia tilesii ledeb hairy roots establishment using agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation. | an efficient and rapid protocol for the establishment of artemisia tilesii "hairy" root culture is reported. leaf explants of aseptically growing plants were cocultured with agrobacterium rhizogenes a4 wild strain or a. rhizogenes carrying the plasmids with nptii and ifn-α2b genes. root formation on the explants started in 5-6 days after their cocultivation with bacterial suspension. prolongation of explant cultivation time on the medium without cefotaxime led to stimulation of root growth. the ... | 2016 | 25838068 |
| unravelling the architecture and dynamics of tropane alkaloid biosynthesis pathways using metabolite correlation networks. | the tropane alkaloid spectrum in solanaceae is highly variable within and between species. little is known about the topology and the coordination of the biosynthetic pathways leading to the variety of tropine and pseudotropine derived esters in the alkaloid spectrum, or about the metabolic dynamics induced by tropane alkaloid biosynthesis stimulating conditions. a good understanding of the metabolism, including all ramifications, is however necessary for the development of strategies to increas ... | 2015 | 25823585 |
| medicago truncatula natural resistance-associated macrophage protein1 is required for iron uptake by rhizobia-infected nodule cells. | iron is critical for symbiotic nitrogen fixation (snf) as a key component of multiple ferroproteins involved in this biological process. in the model legume medicago truncatula, iron is delivered by the vasculature to the infection/maturation zone (zone ii) of the nodule, where it is released to the apoplast. from there, plasma membrane iron transporters move it into rhizobia-containing cells, where iron is used as the cofactor of multiple plant and rhizobial proteins (e.g. plant leghemoglobin a ... | 2015 | 25818701 |
| establishment of hairy root cultures of rhaponticum carthamoides (willd.) iljin for the production of biomass and caffeic acid derivatives. | the aim of the study was to obtain transformed roots of rhaponticum carthamoides and evaluate their phytochemical profile. hairy roots were induced from leaf explants by the transformation of agrobacterium rhizogenes strains a4 and atcc 15834. the best response (43%) was achieved by infection with a4 strain. the effects of different liquid media (wpm, b5, sh) with full and half-strength concentrations of macro- and micronutrients on biomass accumulation of the best grown hairy root line (rc3) at ... | 2015 | 25811023 |
| regulation of fatty acid elongation1 expression in embryonic and vascular tissues of brassica napus. | the expression of the fatty acid elongation1 genes was characterised to provide insight into the regulation of very long chain fatty acid (vlcfa) biosynthesis in brassica napus embryos. each of the two rapeseed homoeologous genes (bn-fae1.1 and bn-fae1.2) encoding isozymes of 3-keto-acylcoa synthase, a subunit of the cytoplasmic acyl-coa elongase complex that controls the production of elongated fatty acids, are expressed predominantly in developing seeds. the proximal regions of the bn-fae1.1 a ... | 2015 | 25795129 |
| the small gtpase rop10 of medicago truncatula is required for both tip growth of root hairs and nod factor-induced root hair deformation. | rhizobia preferentially enter legume root hairs via infection threads, after which root hairs undergo tip swelling, branching, and curling. however, the mechanisms underlying such root hair deformation are poorly understood. here, we showed that a type ii small gtpase, rop10, of medicago truncatula is localized at the plasma membrane (pm) of root hair tips to regulate root hair tip growth. overexpression of rop10 and a constitutively active mutant (rop10ca) generated depolarized growth of root h ... | 2015 | 25794934 |
| establishment of hairy root cultures by agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation of isatis tinctoria l. for the efficient production of flavonoids and evaluation of antioxidant activities. | in this work, isatis tinctoria hairy root cultures (ithrcs) were established as an alternative source for flavonoids (fl) production. i. tinctoria hairy root line v was found to be the most efficient line and was further confirmed by the pcr amplification of rolb, rolc and aux1 genes. culture parameters of ithrcs were optimized by box-behnken design (bbd), and eight bioactive fl constituents (rutin, neohesperidin, buddleoside, liquiritigenin, quercetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol and isoliquiritig ... | 2015 | 25785699 |
| establishment of salvia castanea diels f. tomentosa stib. hairy root cultures and the promotion of tanshinone accumulation and gene expression with ag⁺, methyl jasmonate, and yeast extract elicitation. | salvia castanea diels f. tomentosa stib. is an endemic medicinal plant distributed in china, and the notably high content of tanshinone iia in the root is proven effective for the therapy of heart diseases. hairy root induction of this salvia species was inoculated with agrobacterium rhizogenes strain atcc 15834. transformed hairy root was cultured in 6,7-v liquid medium for growth kinetics assessment and elicitation. an s curve was present in the hairy root cultures based on the fresh and dry w ... | 2016 | 25783026 |
| development of pcr and taqman pcr assays to detect pseudomonas coronafaciens, a causal agent of halo blight of oats. | pseudomonas coronafaciens causes halo blight on oats and is a plant quarantine bacterium in many countries, including the republic of korea. using of the certificated seed is important for control of the disease. since effective detection method of p. coronafaciens is not available yet, pcr and taqman pcr assays for specific detection of p. coronafaciens were developed in this study. pcr primers were designed from the draft genome sequence of p. coronafaciens lmg 5060 which was obtained by the n ... | 2015 | 25774107 |
| bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain 32a as a source of lipopeptides for biocontrol of agrobacterium tumefaciens strains. | a bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain, designated 32a, was used to identify new compounds active against agrobacterium tumefaciens and to evaluate their efficiency to control crown gall on carrot discs. | 2015 | 25764969 |
| cloning and functional characterization of the promoter of psseof1 gene from pisum sativum under different stress conditions using agrobacterium-mediated transient assay. | psseof1, a seo (sieve element occlusion) gene family protein (forisome) is calcium powered motor protein and is located close to plasma membrane of sieve element. in sieve element (se) it senses the calcium ion levels and undergoes atp-independent conformational shifts. forisome, meaning gate-bodies (latin foris: wing of a gate; greek soma: body). recent reports show that seo gene family protein can prevent the loss of nutrient rich photoassimilate upon wound injury. the regulation of seo protei ... | 2014 | 25763698 |
| the micro-rna72c-apetala2-1 node as a key regulator of the common bean-rhizobium etli nitrogen fixation symbiosis. | micro-rnas are recognized as important posttranscriptional regulators in plants. the relevance of micro-rnas as regulators of the legume-rhizobia nitrogen-fixing symbiosis is emerging. the objective of this work was to functionally characterize the role of micro-rna172 (mir172) and its conserved target apetala2 (ap2) transcription factor in the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris)-rhizobium etli symbiosis. our expression analysis revealed that mature mir172c increased upon rhizobial infection and co ... | 2015 | 25739700 |
| proteomic analysis of the soybean symbiosome identifies new symbiotic proteins. | legumes form a symbiosis with rhizobia in which the plant provides an energy source to the rhizobia bacteria that it uses to fix atmospheric nitrogen. this nitrogen is provided to the legume plant, allowing it to grow without the addition of nitrogen fertilizer. as part of the symbiosis, the bacteria in the infected cells of a new root organ, the nodule, are surrounded by a plant-derived membrane, the symbiosome membrane, which becomes the interface between the symbionts. fractions containing th ... | 2015 | 25724908 |
| activation of symbiosis signaling by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in legumes and rice. | establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal interactions involves plant recognition of diffusible signals from the fungus, including lipochitooligosaccharides (lcos) and chitooligosaccharides (cos). nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteria that associate with leguminous plants also signal to their hosts via lcos, the so-called nod factors. here, we have assessed the induction of symbiotic signaling by the arbuscular mycorrhizal (myc) fungal-produced lcos and cos in legumes and rice (oryza sativa). we show ... | 2015 | 25724637 |
| lotus japonicus clathrin heavy chain1 is associated with rho-like gtpase rop6 and involved in nodule formation. | mechanisms underlying nodulation factor signaling downstream of the nodulation factor receptors (nfrs) have not been fully characterized. in this study, clathrin heavy chain1 (chc1) was shown to interact with the rho-like gtpase rop6, an interaction partner of nfr5 in lotus japonicus. the chc1 gene was found to be expressed constitutively in all plant tissues and induced in mesorhizobium loti-infected root hairs and nodule primordia. when expressed in leaves of nicotiana benthamiana, chc1 and ro ... | 2015 | 25717037 |
| novel mtcep1 peptides produced in vivo differentially regulate root development in medicago truncatula. | small, post-translationally modified and secreted peptides regulate diverse plant developmental processes. due to low natural abundance, it is difficult to isolate and identify these peptides. using an improved peptide isolation protocol and orbitrap mass spectrometry, nine 15-amino-acid cep peptides were identified that corresponded to the two domains encoded by medicago truncatula cep1 (mtcep1). novel arabinosylated and hydroxylated peptides were identified in root cultures overexpressing mtce ... | 2015 | 25711701 |
| extracellular peptidase hunting for improvement of protein production in plant cells and roots. | plant-based recombinant protein production systems have gained an extensive interest over the past few years, because of their reduced cost and relative safety. although the first products are now reaching the market, progress are still needed to improve plant hosts and strategies for biopharming. targeting recombinant proteins toward the extracellular space offers several advantages in terms of protein folding and purification, but degradation events are observed, due to endogenous peptidases. ... | 2015 | 25705212 |
| identification of the primary lesion of toxic aluminum in plant roots. | despite the rhizotoxicity of aluminum (al) being identified over 100 years ago, there is still no consensus regarding the mechanisms whereby root elongation rate is initially reduced in the approximately 40% of arable soils worldwide that are acidic. we used high-resolution kinematic analyses, molecular biology, rheology, and advanced imaging techniques to examine soybean (glycine max) roots exposed to al. using this multidisciplinary approach, we have conclusively shown that the primary lesion ... | 2015 | 25670815 |
| remodeling of the infection chamber before infection thread formation reveals a two-step mechanism for rhizobial entry into the host legume root hair. | in many legumes, root entry of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing rhizobia occurs via host-constructed tubular tip-growing structures known as infection threads (its). here, we have used a confocal microscopy live-tissue imaging approach to investigate early stages of it formation in medicago truncatula root hairs (rhs) expressing fluorescent protein fusion reporters. this has revealed that its only initiate 10 to 20 h after the completion of rh curling, by which time major modifications have occurred wi ... | 2015 | 25659382 |
| co-overexpression of geraniol-10-hydroxylase and strictosidine synthase improves anti-cancer drug camptothecin accumulation in ophiorrhiza pumila. | camptothecin (cpt) belongs to a group of monoterpenoidindole alkaloids (tias) and its derivatives such as irinothecan and topothecan have been widely used worldwide for the treatment of cancer, giving rise to rapidly increasing market demands. genes from catharanthus roseus encoding strictosidine synthase (str) and geraniol 10-hydroxylase (g10h), were separately and simultaneously introduced into ophiorrhiza pumila hairy roots. overexpression of individual g10h (g lines) significantly improved c ... | 2015 | 25648209 |
| inhibition of auxin signaling in frankia species-infected cells in casuarina glauca nodules leads to increased nodulation. | actinorhizal symbioses are mutualistic interactions between plants and the soil bacteria frankia spp. that lead to the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. the plant hormone auxin has been suggested to play a role in the mechanisms that control the establishment of this symbiosis in the actinorhizal tree casuarina glauca. here, we analyzed the role of auxin signaling in frankia spp.-infected cells. using a dominant-negative version of an endogenous auxin-signaling regulator, indole-3-aceti ... | 2015 | 25627215 |
| hairy root biotechnology--indicative timeline to understand missing links and future outlook. | agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy roots (hr) were developed in the laboratory to mimic the natural phenomenon of bacterial gene transfer and occurrence of disease syndrome. the timeline analysis revealed that during 90 s, the research expanded to the hairy root-based secondary metabolite production and different yield enhancement strategies like media optimization, up-scaling, metabolic engineering etc. an outlook indicates that much emphasis has been given to the strategies that are helpf ... | 2015 | 25626898 |
| the myb182 protein down-regulates proanthocyanidin and anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar by repressing both structural and regulatory flavonoid genes. | trees in the genus populus (poplar) contain phenolic secondary metabolites including the proanthocyanidins (pas), which help to adapt these widespread trees to diverse environments. the transcriptional activation of pa biosynthesis in response to herbivory and ultraviolet light stress has been documented in poplar leaves, and a regulator of this process, the r2r3-myb transcription factor myb134, has been identified. myb134-overexpressing transgenic plants show a strong high-pa phenotype. analysi ... | 2015 | 25624398 |
| functional analysis of duplicated symbiosis receptor kinase (symrk) genes during nodulation and mycorrhizal infection in soybean (glycine max). | association between legumes and rhizobia results in the formation of root nodules, where symbiotic nitrogen fixation occurs. the early stages of this association involve a complex of signalling events between the host and microsymbiont. several genes dealing with early signal transduction have been cloned, and one of them encodes the leucine-rich repeat (lrr) receptor kinase (symrk; also termed nork). the symbiosis receptor kinase gene is required by legumes to establish a root endosymbiosis wit ... | 2015 | 25617765 |
| agrobacterium: nature's genetic engineer. | agrobacterium was identified as the agent causing the plant tumor, crown gall over 100 years ago. since then, studies have resulted in many surprising observations. armin braun demonstrated that agrobacterium infected cells had unusual nutritional properties, and that the bacterium was necessary to start the infection but not for continued tumor development. he developed the concept of a tumor inducing principle (tip), the factor that actually caused the disease. thirty years later the tip was s ... | 2014 | 25610442 |
| agrobacterium: nature's genetic engineer. | agrobacterium was identified as the agent causing the plant tumor, crown gall over 100 years ago. since then, studies have resulted in many surprising observations. armin braun demonstrated that agrobacterium infected cells had unusual nutritional properties, and that the bacterium was necessary to start the infection but not for continued tumor development. he developed the concept of a tumor inducing principle (tip), the factor that actually caused the disease. thirty years later the tip was s ... | 2014 | 25610442 |
| the agrobacterium ti plasmids. | agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen with the capacity to deliver a segment of oncogenic dna carried on a large plasmid called the tumor-inducing or ti plasmid to susceptible plant cells. a. tumefaciens belongs to the class alphaproteobacteria, whose members include other plant pathogens (agrobacterium rhizogenes), plant and insect symbionts (rhizobium spp. and wolbachia spp., respectively), human pathogens (brucella spp., bartonella spp., rickettsia spp.), and nonpathogens (caulobacter ... | 2014 | 25593788 |
| effects of polysaccharide elicitors on secondary metabolite production and antioxidant response in hypericum perforatum l. shoot cultures. | the effects of polysaccharide elicitors such as chitin, pectin, and dextran on the production of phenylpropanoids (phenolics and flavonoids) and naphtodianthrones (hypericin and pseudohypericin) in hypericum perforatum shoot cultures were studied. nonenzymatic antioxidant properties (neaop) and peroxidase (pod) activity were also observed in shoot extracts. the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) and chalcone-flavanone isomerase (chfi) were monitored to estimate channeling in phenylp ... | 2014 | 25574489 |
| long distance movement of an arabidopsis translationally controlled tumor protein (attctp2) mrna and protein in tobacco. | translationally controlled tumor protein (tctp) is an almost ubiquitous protein found in eukaryotes, fundamental for the regulation of development and general growth. the multiple functions of tctp have been inferred from its involvement in several cell pathways, but the specific function of tctp is still not known in detail. on the other hand, tctp seems to respond to a plethora of external signals, and appears to be regulated at the transcriptional and/or translational levels by mechanisms yet ... | 2014 | 25566280 |
| network of gras transcription factors involved in the control of arbuscule development in lotus japonicus. | arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi, in symbiosis with plants, facilitate acquisition of nutrients from the soil to their host. after penetration, intracellular hyphae form fine-branched structures in cortical cells termed arbuscules, representing the major site where bidirectional nutrient exchange takes place between the host plant and fungus. transcriptional mechanisms underlying this cellular reprogramming are still poorly understood. gras proteins are an important family of transcriptional re ... | 2015 | 25560877 |
| soybean mir172c targets the repressive ap2 transcription factor nnc1 to activate enod40 expression and regulate nodule initiation. | micrornas are noncoding rnas that act as master regulators to modulate various biological processes by posttranscriptionally repressing their target genes. repression of their target mrna(s) can modulate signaling cascades and subsequent cellular events. recently, a role for mir172 in soybean (glycine max) nodulation has been described; however, the molecular mechanism through which mir172 acts to regulate nodulation has yet to be explored. here, we demonstrate that soybean mir172c modulates bot ... | 2014 | 25549672 |
| production of chlorogenic acid and its derivatives in hairy root cultures of stevia rebaudiana. | chlorogenic acid and its derivatives (cads) are valuable bioactive plant secondary metabolites with many health benefits. in the present study, stevia rebaudiana hairy root cultures were established, and the culture conditions for the production of cads were optimized. the hairy roots were induced by coculture of s. rebaudiana leaves and agrobacterium rhizogenes (c58c1) after infection, which were further verified by pcr detection of rolb and rolc genes. hplc-ms and hplc analysis showed that chl ... | 2015 | 25548875 |
| trnas as antibiotic targets. | transfer rnas (trnas) are central players in the protein translation machinery and as such are prominent targets for a large number of natural and synthetic antibiotics. this review focuses on the role of trnas in bacterial antibiosis. we will discuss examples of antibiotics that target multiple stages in trna biology from trna biogenesis and modification, mature trnas, aminoacylation of trna as well as prevention of proper trna function by small molecules binding to the ribosome. finally, the r ... | 2014 | 25547494 |
| trnas as antibiotic targets. | transfer rnas (trnas) are central players in the protein translation machinery and as such are prominent targets for a large number of natural and synthetic antibiotics. this review focuses on the role of trnas in bacterial antibiosis. we will discuss examples of antibiotics that target multiple stages in trna biology from trna biogenesis and modification, mature trnas, aminoacylation of trna as well as prevention of proper trna function by small molecules binding to the ribosome. finally, the r ... | 2014 | 25547494 |
| cell-wall polysaccharide composition and glycanase activity of silene vulgaris callus transformed with rolb and rolc genes. | the aim of this research is to investigate the effects of the agrobacterium rhizogenes rol genes on the composition of cell-wall polysaccharides and glycanase activity in the campion callus. the expression of the rolc gene reduces the yield of campion pectin, while the expression of the rolb or rolc gene inhibits the volumetric production of both pectin and intracellular arabinogalactan. the rol genes are involved in regulating the activity of glycanases and esterases, thereby contributing to th ... | 2015 | 25542107 |
| the mitochondrial genome of the glomeromycete rhizophagus sp. daom 213198 reveals an unusual organization consisting of two circular chromosomes. | mitochondrial (mt) genomes are intensively studied in ascomycota and basidiomycota, but they are poorly documented in basal fungal lineages. in this study, we sequenced the complete mtdna of rhizophagus sp. daom 213198, a close relative to rhizophagus irregularis, a widespread, ecologically and economical relevant species belonging to glomeromycota. unlike all other known taxonomically close relatives harboring a full-length circular chromosome, mtdna of rhizophagus sp. reveals an unusual organi ... | 2014 | 25527840 |
| the mitochondrial genome of the glomeromycete rhizophagus sp. daom 213198 reveals an unusual organization consisting of two circular chromosomes. | mitochondrial (mt) genomes are intensively studied in ascomycota and basidiomycota, but they are poorly documented in basal fungal lineages. in this study, we sequenced the complete mtdna of rhizophagus sp. daom 213198, a close relative to rhizophagus irregularis, a widespread, ecologically and economical relevant species belonging to glomeromycota. unlike all other known taxonomically close relatives harboring a full-length circular chromosome, mtdna of rhizophagus sp. reveals an unusual organi ... | 2014 | 25527840 |
| gibberellins interfere with symbiosis signaling and gene expression and alter colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in lotus japonicus. | arbuscular mycorrhiza is a mutualistic plant-fungus interaction that confers great advantages for plant growth. arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi enter the host root and form symbiotic structures that facilitate nutrient supplies between the symbionts. the gibberellins (gas) are phytohormones known to inhibit am fungal infection. however, our transcriptome analysis and phytohormone quantification revealed ga accumulation in the roots of lotus japonicus infected with am fungi, suggesting that de ... | 2014 | 25527715 |
| gibberellins interfere with symbiosis signaling and gene expression and alter colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in lotus japonicus. | arbuscular mycorrhiza is a mutualistic plant-fungus interaction that confers great advantages for plant growth. arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi enter the host root and form symbiotic structures that facilitate nutrient supplies between the symbionts. the gibberellins (gas) are phytohormones known to inhibit am fungal infection. however, our transcriptome analysis and phytohormone quantification revealed ga accumulation in the roots of lotus japonicus infected with am fungi, suggesting that de ... | 2014 | 25527715 |
| the root hair "infectome" of medicago truncatula uncovers changes in cell cycle genes and reveals a requirement for auxin signaling in rhizobial infection. | nitrogen-fixing rhizobia colonize legume roots via plant-made intracellular infection threads. genetics has identified some genes involved but has not provided sufficient detail to understand requirements for infection thread development. therefore, we transcriptionally profiled medicago truncatula root hairs prior to and during the initial stages of infection. this revealed changes in the responses to plant hormones, most notably auxin, strigolactone, gibberellic acid, and brassinosteroids. sev ... | 2014 | 25527707 |
| local and systemic regulation of plant root system architecture and symbiotic nodulation by a receptor-like kinase. | in plants, root system architecture is determined by the activity of root apical meristems, which control the root growth rate, and by the formation of lateral roots. in legumes, an additional root lateral organ can develop: the symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodule. we identified in medicago truncatula ten allelic mutants showing a compact root architecture phenotype (cra2) independent of any major shoot phenotype, and that consisted of shorter roots, an increased number of lateral roots, and a redu ... | 2014 | 25521478 |
| [optimization of induction and culture conditions for hairy roots of salvia miltiorrhiza]. | to establish induction and liquid culture system for hairy roots of danshen (salvia miltiorrhiza), agrobacterium rhizogenes a4, lba9402, 15834 as test bacterium were used to infect aseptic leaves of danshen. the hairy roots were induced and positive transgenic hairy roots were selected with pcr using rolb and rolc as the target gene. then hairy roots of s. miltiorrhiza were harvested and salvianolic acids were extracted with 70% methanol containing 1% formic acid. the content of salvianolic acid ... | 2014 | 25509285 |
| the rolb gene activates the expression of genes encoding microrna processing machinery. | the rolb gene of agrobacterium rhizogenes renders cells more tolerant of environmental stresses and increases their defense potential. however, these effects, coupled with the developmental abnormalities caused by rolb, have not yet been explained. in rolb-transformed arabidopsis thaliana cells, we detected a 2.2 to 7-fold increase in the expression of genes encoding core and accessory proteins (dcl1, se, hyl1, ago1, tgh, ddl, hen1, ago4 and rdr2) of the microrna processing machinery. however, t ... | 2015 | 25491479 |
| overexpression of the pumpkin (cucurbita maxima) 16 kda phloem protein cmpp16 increases tolerance to water deficit. | the phloem plays an important role in the delivery of nutrients and signals between photosynthetic to heterotrophic tissues. proteins and rnas in the phloem translocation stream may have an important role in maintaining the integrity of the sieve tube system, as well as in long-distance signaling. cmpp16 is a pumpkin phloem protein, which has been shown to bind rna in a non-sequence specific manner, and move it cell-to-cell and conceivably, long-distance. the protein and rna are found in both co ... | 2014 | 25482781 |
| high-performance liquid chromatographic quantification of plumbagin from transformed rhizoclones of plumbago zeylanica l.: inter-clonal variation in biomass growth and plumbagin production. | an optimized protocol for induction and establishment of agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root cultures of plumbago zeylanica l. was developed through selection of suitable explant type and the bacterial strain. the infection of internodal explants from an in vivo plant and leaves of in vitro origin with the a4 strain resulted in the emergence of hairy roots at a transformation frequency of 86.33 and 42.33 %, respectively. independent transformed root somaclones (rhizoclones) capable of s ... | 2015 | 25424284 |
| the evolutionary fate of the horizontally transferred agrobacterial mikimopine synthase gene in the genera nicotiana and linaria. | few cases of spontaneously horizontally transferred bacterial genes into plant genomes have been described to date. the occurrence of horizontally transferred genes from the t-dna of agrobacterium rhizogenes into the plant genome has been reported in the genus nicotiana and in the species linaria vulgaris. here we compare patterns of evolution in one of these genes (a gene encoding mikimopine synthase, mis) following three different events of horizontal gene transfer (hgt). as this gene plays an ... | 2014 | 25420106 |
| molecular characterization of two a-type p450s, wscyp98a and wscyp76a from withania somnifera (l.) dunal: expression analysis and withanolide accumulation in response to exogenous elicitations. | pharmacological investigations position withanolides as important bioactive molecules demanding their enhanced production. therefore, one of the pivotal aims has been to gain knowledge about complete biosynthesis of withanolides in terms of enzymatic and regulatory genes of the pathway. however, the pathway remains elusive at the molecular level. p450s monooxygenases play a crucial role in secondary metabolism and predominantly help in functionalizing molecule core structures including withanoli ... | 2014 | 25416924 |
| lipopolysaccharide o-chain core region required for cellular cohesion and compaction of in vitro and root biofilms developed by rhizobium leguminosarum. | the formation of biofilms is an important survival strategy allowing rhizobia to live on soil particles and plant roots. within the microcolonies of the biofilm developed by rhizobium leguminosarum, rhizobial cells interact tightly through lateral and polar connections, forming organized and compact cell aggregates. these microcolonies are embedded in a biofilm matrix, whose main component is the acidic exopolysaccharide (eps). our work shows that the o-chain core region of the r. leguminosarum ... | 2015 | 25416773 |
| in planta processing and glycosylation of a nematode clavata3/endosperm surrounding region-like effector and its interaction with a host clavata2-like receptor to promote parasitism. | like other biotrophic plant pathogens, plant-parasitic nematodes secrete effector proteins into host cells to facilitate infection. effector proteins that mimic plant clavata3/endosperm surrounding region-related (cle) proteins have been identified in several cyst nematodes, including the potato cyst nematode (pcn); however, the mechanistic details of this cross-kingdom mimicry are poorly understood. plant cles are posttranslationally modified and proteolytically processed to function as bioacti ... | 2014 | 25416475 |
| in planta processing and glycosylation of a nematode clavata3/endosperm surrounding region-like effector and its interaction with a host clavata2-like receptor to promote parasitism. | like other biotrophic plant pathogens, plant-parasitic nematodes secrete effector proteins into host cells to facilitate infection. effector proteins that mimic plant clavata3/endosperm surrounding region-related (cle) proteins have been identified in several cyst nematodes, including the potato cyst nematode (pcn); however, the mechanistic details of this cross-kingdom mimicry are poorly understood. plant cles are posttranslationally modified and proteolytically processed to function as bioacti ... | 2014 | 25416475 |
| differential expression of antioxidant enzymes during degradation of azo dye reactive black 8 in hairy roots of physalis minima l. | the enzymes involved in the protection of plant metabolism in presence of azo dye was characterized by studying activities of the role of antioxidant enzymes in the hairy roots (hrs) of physalis minima l. during degradation of an azo dye, reactive black 8 (rb8). when the hrs were exposed to rb8 (30 mg l(-1)), a nine fold increase in sod activity was observed after 24 h, while 22 and 50 fold increase in activity was observed for pox and apx respectively after 72 h, whereas there was no significa ... | 2015 | 25409242 |
| root and shoot parts of strawberry: factories for production of functional human pro-insulin. | diabetes, a disease caused by excessive blood sugar, is caused by the lack of insulin. for commercial production, insulin is made in bacteria or yeast by protein recombinant technology. the focus of this research is evaluating another resource and producing of recombinant insulin protein in as strawberry as this plant has high potential in production of pharmaceutical proteins. strawberry is a suitable bioreactor for production of recombinant proteins especially edible vaccines. in this research ... | 2015 | 25403333 |
| phytophthora suppressor of rna silencing 2 is a conserved rxlr effector that promotes infection in soybean and arabidopsis thaliana. | the genus phytophthora consists of notorious and emerging pathogens of economically important crops. each phytophthora genome encodes several hundreds of cytoplasmic effectors, which are believed to manipulate plant immune response inside the host cells. however, the majority of phytophthora effectors remain functionally uncharacterized. we recently discovered two effectors from the soybean stem and root rot pathogen phytophthora sojae with the activity to suppress rna silencing in plants. these ... | 2014 | 25387135 |
| malate synthesis and secretion mediated by a manganese-enhanced malate dehydrogenase confers superior manganese tolerance in stylosanthes guianensis. | manganese (mn) toxicity is a major constraint limiting plant growth on acidic soils. superior mn tolerance in stylosanthes spp. has been well documented, but its molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. in this study, superior mn tolerance in stylosanthes guianensis was confirmed, as reflected by a high mn toxicity threshold. furthermore, genetic variation of mn tolerance was evaluated using two s. guianensis genotypes, which revealed that the fine-stem genotype had higher mn tolerance than ... | 2014 | 25378694 |