Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| role of nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of barrett's-associated carcinogenesis. | barrett's esophagus (be), a premalignant condition to barrett's adenocarcinoma (bac), is closely associated with chronic inflammation due to gastro-esophageal reflux. caudal type homeobox 2 (cdx2), a representative marker of be, is increased during the metaplastic and neoplastic transformation of be. nitric oxide (no) has been proposed to be a crucial mediator of barrett's carcinogenesis. we previously demonstrated that cdx2 might be induced directly under stimulation of large amounts of no gene ... | 2016 | 26909236 |
| bacterial diversity in saliva and oral health-related conditions: the hisayama study. | this population-based study determined the salivary microbiota composition of 2,343 adult residents of hisayama town, japan, using 16s rrna gene next-generation high-throughput sequencing. of 550 identified species-level operational taxonomic units (otus), 72 were common, in ≥75% of all individuals, as well as in ≥75% of the individuals in the lowest quintile of phylogenetic diversity (pd). these "core" otus constituted 90.9 ± 6.1% of each microbiome. the relative abundance profiles of 22 of the ... | 2016 | 26907866 |
| identification of known and novel recurrent viral sequences in data from multiple patients and multiple cancers. | virus discovery from high throughput sequencing data often follows a bottom-up approach where taxonomic annotation takes place prior to association to disease. albeit effective in some cases, the approach fails to detect novel pathogens and remote variants not present in reference databases. we have developed a species independent pipeline that utilises sequence clustering for the identification of nucleotide sequences that co-occur across multiple sequencing data instances. we applied the workf ... | 2016 | 26907326 |
| dysbiosis may trigger autoimmune diseases via inappropriate post-translational modification of host proteins. | the gut ecosystem with myriads of microorganisms and the high concentration of immune system cells can be considered as a separate organ on its own. the balanced interaction between the host and microbial cells has been shaped during the long co-evolutionary process. in dysbiotic conditions, however, this balance is compromised and results in abnormal interaction between the host and microbiota. it is hypothesize here that the changed spectrum of microbial enzymes involved in post-translational ... | 2016 | 26903965 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis: an overview of periodontopathic pathogen below the gum line. | periodontal disease represents a group of oral inflammatory infections initiated by oral pathogens which exist as a complex biofilms on the tooth surface and cause destruction to tooth supporting tissues. the severity of this disease ranges from mild and reversible inflammation of the gingiva (gingivitis) to chronic destruction of connective tissues, the formation of periodontal pocket and ultimately result in loss of teeth. while human subgingival plaque harbors more than 500 bacterial species, ... | 2016 | 26903954 |
| quantitative pcr studies of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and treponema denticola/tanerella forsythensis complex as etiological factors of chronic periodontitis. | real-time quantitative pcr (dentofl or kit) was used to detect dna of periodontal pathogens in specimens from 92 patients with chronic periodontitis and from a control sample of 12 normal subjects. a bimodal distribution of patients by periodontium colonization with a. actinomycetemcomitans, p. gingivalis, p. intermedia, t. forsythensis, and t. denticola was demonstrated. a new approach to interpretation of the results of quantitative evaluation of periodontal pathogens, including the notion of ... | 2016 | 26899837 |
| therapeutic targets for management of periodontitis and diabetes. | the increasing incidence of diabetes mellitus (dm) and chronic periodontitis (cp) worldwide imposes a rethinking of individualized therapy for patients with both conditions. central to bidirectional links between dm and cp is deregulated systemic inflammation and dysfunctional immune responses to altered-self and non-self. control of blood glucose levels and metabolic imbalances associated with hyperglycemia in dm, and disruption of pathogenic subgingival biofilms in cp are currently the main th ... | 2016 | 26881443 |
| effect of air-polishing on titanium surfaces, biofilm removal, and biocompatibility: a pilot study. | the aims of this in vitro study were to evaluate morphological changes induced by glycine powder air-polishing on titanium surfaces, biofilm removal, and biocompatibility. | 2015 | 26881198 |
| the rise of crispr/cas for genome editing in stem cells. | genetic manipulation is a powerful tool to establish the causal relationship between a genetic lesion and a particular pathological phenotype. the rise of crispr/cas9 genome-engineering tools overcame the traditional technical bottleneck for routine site-specific genetic manipulation in cells. to create the perfect in vitro cell model, there is significant interest from the stem cell research community to adopt this fast evolving technology. this review addresses this need directly by providing ... | 2016 | 26880991 |
| management of peri-implantitis: a systematic review, 2010-2015. | peri-implantitis or periimplantitis is characterized as an inflammatory reaction that affects the hard and soft tissue, which results in loss of supporting bone and pocket formation surrounding the functioning osseointegrated implant. this review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical and non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis. the data sources used was pubmed. searches of this database were restricted to english language publications from january 2010 to june 2015. all randomized c ... | 2016 | 26877903 |
| microbiological distribution of six periodontal pathogens between untreated italian and dutch periodontal patients. | to compare prevalence and microbial load of six periodontal pathogens between italian and dutch patients affected by chronic periodontitis, using oligonucleotide probe technology. | 2016 | 26870849 |
| long-term oil contamination alters the molecular ecological networks of soil microbial functional genes. | with knowledge on microbial composition and diversity, investigation of within-community interactions is a further step to elucidate microbial ecological functions, such as the biodegradation of hazardous contaminants. in this work, microbial functional molecular ecological networks were studied in both contaminated and uncontaminated soils to determine the possible influences of oil contamination on microbial interactions and potential functions. soil samples were obtained from an oil-exploring ... | 2016 | 26870020 |
| expression of alzheimer-type neurofibrillary epitopes in primary rat cortical neurons following infection with enterococcus faecalis. | the neurofibrillary tau pathology and amyloid deposits seen in alzheimer's disease (ad) also have been seen in bacteria-infected brains. however, few studies have examined the role of these bacteria in the generation of tau pathology. one suggested link between infection and ad is edentulism, the complete loss of teeth. edentulism can result from chronic periodontal disease due to infection by enterococcus faecalis. the current study assessed the ability to generate early alzheimer-like neurofib ... | 2015 | 26834627 |
| expression of alzheimer-type neurofibrillary epitopes in primary rat cortical neurons following infection with enterococcus faecalis. | the neurofibrillary tau pathology and amyloid deposits seen in alzheimer's disease (ad) also have been seen in bacteria-infected brains. however, few studies have examined the role of these bacteria in the generation of tau pathology. one suggested link between infection and ad is edentulism, the complete loss of teeth. edentulism can result from chronic periodontal disease due to infection by enterococcus faecalis. the current study assessed the ability to generate early alzheimer-like neurofib ... | 2015 | 26834627 |
| helicobacter pylori colonization of the oral cavity: a milestone discovery. | over the past several years, the severity of helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infections has not significantly diminished. after successful eradication, the annual h. pylori recurrence rate is approximately 13% due to oral h. pylori infection. established clinical diagnostic techniques do not identify an oral etiologic basis of h. pylori prior to gastric infection. there has been disagreement as to whether oral infection of h. pylori exists or not, with no definite conclusion. in medical practice ... | 2016 | 26811613 |
| treponema denticola invasion into human gingival epithelial cells. | host cell invasion is important for periodontal pathogens in evading host defenses and spreading into deeper areas of the periodontal tissue. treponema denticola has been implicated in a number of potentially pathogenic processes, including periodontal tissue penetration. here we tested the ability of t. denticola strains to invade human gingival epithelial cells (hgec). after 2 h infection, intracellular location of t. denticola cells was confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (clsm). ... | 2016 | 26806000 |
| reduced glutathione mediates resistance to h2s toxicity in oral streptococci. | periodontal disease is associated with changes in the composition of the oral microflora, where health-associated oral streptococci decrease while gram-negative anaerobes predominate in disease. a key feature of periodontal disease-associated anaerobes is their ability to produce hydrogen sulfide (h2s) abundantly as a by-product of anaerobic metabolism. so far, h2s has been reported to be either cytoprotective or cytotoxic by modulating bacterial antioxidant defense systems. although oral anaero ... | 2016 | 26801579 |
| comparative genomics reveals new evolutionary and ecological patterns of selenium utilization in bacteria. | selenium (se) is an important micronutrient for many organisms, which is required for the biosynthesis of selenocysteine, selenouridine and se-containing cofactor. several key genes involved in different se utilization traits have been characterized; however, systematic studies on the evolution and ecological niches of se utilization are very limited. here, we analyzed more than 5200 sequenced organisms to examine the occurrence patterns of all se traits in bacteria. a global species map of all ... | 2016 | 26800233 |
| non-nutrient, naturally occurring phenolic compounds with antioxidant activity for the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases. | one of the main factors able to explain the pathophysiological mechanism of inflammatory conditions that occur in periodontal disease is oxidative stress. given the emerging understanding of this relationship, host-modulatory therapies using antioxidants could be interesting to prevent or slow the breakdown of soft and hard periodontal tissues. in this context, non-nutrient phenolic compounds of various foods and plants have received considerable attention in the last decade. here, studies focus ... | 2015 | 26783837 |
| total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status in saliva of periodontitis patients in relation to bacterial load. | the detection of salivary biomarkers has a potential application in early diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal inflammation. however, searching sensitive salivary biomarkers for periodontitis is still ongoing. oxidative stress is supposed to play an important role in periodontitis progression and tissue destruction. in this cross-sectional study, we investigated total antioxidant capacity (tac) and total oxidant status (tos) in saliva of periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls and ... | 2015 | 26779448 |
| total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status in saliva of periodontitis patients in relation to bacterial load. | the detection of salivary biomarkers has a potential application in early diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal inflammation. however, searching sensitive salivary biomarkers for periodontitis is still ongoing. oxidative stress is supposed to play an important role in periodontitis progression and tissue destruction. in this cross-sectional study, we investigated total antioxidant capacity (tac) and total oxidant status (tos) in saliva of periodontitis patients compared to healthy controls and ... | 2015 | 26779448 |
| quantitative target analysis and kinetic profiling of acyl-coas reveal the rate-limiting step in cyanobacterial 1-butanol production. | cyanobacterial 1-butanol production is an important model system for direct conversion of co2 to fuels and chemicals. metabolically-engineered cyanobacteria introduced with a heterologous coenzyme a (coa)-dependent pathway modified from clostridium species can convert atmospheric co2 into 1-butanol. efforts to optimize the 1-butanol pathway in synechococcus elongatus pcc 7942 have focused on the improvement of the coa-dependent pathway thus, probing the in vivo metabolic state of the coa-depende ... | 2016 | 26766939 |
| a comprehensive benchmarking study of protocols and sequencing platforms for 16s rrna community profiling. | in the last 5 years, the rapid pace of innovations and improvements in sequencing technologies has completely changed the landscape of metagenomic and metagenetic experiments. therefore, it is critical to benchmark the various methodologies for interrogating the composition of microbial communities, so that we can assess their strengths and limitations. the most common phylogenetic marker for microbial community diversity studies is the 16s ribosomal rna gene and in the last 10 years the field h ... | 2016 | 26763898 |
| microbial diversity in the early in vivo-formed dental biofilm. | although the mature dental biofilm composition is well studied, there is very little information on the earliest phase of in vivo tooth colonization. progress in dental biofilm collection methodologies and techniques of large-scale microbial identification have made new studies in this field of oral biology feasible. the aim of this study was to characterize the temporal changes and diversity of the cultivable and noncultivable microbes in the early dental biofilm. samples of early dental biofil ... | 2016 | 26746720 |
| life in a diverse oral community - strategies for oxidative stress survival. | while the oral cavity harbors more than 680 bacterial species, the interaction and association of selected bacterial species play a role in periodontal diseases. bacterial species including porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia, a consortium previously designated as the "red complex" is now being expanded to include other new emerging pathogens that are significantly associated with periodontal disease. | 2014 | 26744578 |
| gbtools: interactive visualization of metagenome bins in r. | improvements in dna sequencing technology have increased the amount and quality of sequences that can be obtained from metagenomic samples, making it practical to extract individual microbial genomes from metagenomic assemblies ("binning"). however, while many tools and methods exist for unsupervised binning with various statistical algorithms, there are few options for visualizing the results, even though visualization is vital to exploratory data analysis. we have developed gbtools, a software ... | 2015 | 26732662 |
| impact of denture cleaning method and overnight storage condition on denture biofilm mass and composition: a cross-over randomized clinical trial. | appropriate oral hygiene is required to maintain oral health in denture wearers. this study aims to compare the role of denture cleaning methods in combination with overnight storage conditions on biofilm mass and composition on acrylic removable dentures. | 2016 | 26730967 |
| microbiological and clinical effects of sitafloxacin and azithromycin in periodontitis patients receiving supportive periodontal therapy. | sitafloxacin (stfx) is a newly developed quinolone that has robust antimicrobial activity against periodontopathic bacteria. we previously reported that oral administration of stfx during supportive periodontal therapy was as effective as conventional mechanical debridement under local anesthesia microbiologically and clinically for 3 months. the aim of the present study was to examine the short-term and long-term microbiological and clinical effects of systemic stfx and azithromycin (azm) on ac ... | 2016 | 26729495 |
| toll-like receptors in the vascular system: sensing the dangers within. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) are components of the innate immune system that respond to exogenous infectious ligands (pathogen-associated molecular patterns, pamps) and endogenous molecules that are released during host tissue injury/death (damage-associated molecular patterns, damps). interaction of tlrs with their ligands leads to activation of downstream signaling pathways that induce an immune response by producing inflammatory cytokines, type i interferons (ifn), and other inflammatory mediat ... | 2016 | 26721702 |
| analysis of protein expression in periodontal pocket tissue: a preliminary study. | the periodontal disease is caused by a set of inflammatory disorders characterized by periodontal pocket formation that lead to tooth loss if untreated. the proteomic profile and related molecular conditions of pocket tissue in periodontally-affected patients are not reported in literature. to characterize the proteomic profile of periodontally-affected patients, their interproximal periodontal pocket tissue was compared with that of periodontally-healthy patients. pocket-associated and healthy ... | 2015 | 26719749 |
| absence of bacteria on coronary angioplasty balloons from unselected patients: results with use of a high sensitivity polymerase chain reaction assay. | periodontitis is a chronic, bacterially-induced inflammatory disease of the tooth-supporting tissues, which may result in transient bacteremia and a systemic inflammatory response. periodontitis is associated with coronary artery disease independently of established cardiovascular risk factors, and translocation of bacteria from the oral cavity to the coronary arteries may play a role in the development of coronary artery disease. very few studies have used angioplasty balloons for in vivo sampl ... | 2015 | 26695491 |
| pyrf as a counterselectable marker for unmarked genetic manipulations in treponema denticola. | the pathophysiology of treponema denticola, an oral pathogen associated with both periodontal and endodontic infections, is poorly understood due to its fastidious growth and recalcitrance to genetic manipulations. counterselectable markers are instrumental in constructing clean and unmarked mutations in bacteria. here, we demonstrate that pyrf, a gene encoding orotidine-5'-monophosphate decarboxylase, can be used as a counterselectable marker in t. denticola to construct marker-free mutants. t. ... | 2016 | 26682856 |
| a clinicomicrobiological study to evaluate the efficacy of manual and powered toothbrushes among autistic patients. | to compare the efficacy of powered toothbrushes in improving gingival health and reducing salivary red complex counts as compared to manual toothbrushes, among autistic individuals. | 2015 | 26681855 |
| comparative evaluation of oral health knowledge, practices and attitude of pregnant and non-pregnant women, and their awareness regarding adverse pregnancy outcomes. | adverse pregnancy outcomes are undesirable events occurring during pregnancy and childbirth in mother or child, such as preterm low birth weight (plbw) and preeclampsia. there is growing evidence that periodontitis may be a risk factor for preterm birth even after adjusting for known risk factors. | 2015 | 26674176 |
| beyond editing: repurposing crispr-cas9 for precision genome regulation and interrogation. | the bacterial crispr-cas9 system has emerged as a multifunctional platform for sequence-specific regulation of gene expression. this review describes the development of technologies based on nuclease-deactivated cas9, termed dcas9, for rna-guided genomic transcription regulation, both by repression through crispr interference (crispri) and by activation through crispr activation (crispra). we highlight different uses in diverse organisms, including bacterial and eukaryotic cells, and summarize c ... | 2015 | 26670017 |
| beyond editing: repurposing crispr-cas9 for precision genome regulation and interrogation. | the bacterial crispr-cas9 system has emerged as a multifunctional platform for sequence-specific regulation of gene expression. this review describes the development of technologies based on nuclease-deactivated cas9, termed dcas9, for rna-guided genomic transcription regulation, both by repression through crispr interference (crispri) and by activation through crispr activation (crispra). we highlight different uses in diverse organisms, including bacterial and eukaryotic cells, and summarize c ... | 2015 | 26670017 |
| mesaconase/fumarase fumd in escherichia coli o157:h7 and promiscuity of escherichia coli class i fumarases fuma and fumb. | mesaconase catalyzes the hydration of mesaconate (methylfumarate) to (s)-citramalate. the enzyme participates in the methylaspartate pathway of glutamate fermentation as well as in the metabolism of various c5-dicarboxylic acids such as mesaconate or l-threo-β-methylmalate. we have recently shown that burkholderia xenovorans uses a promiscuous class i fumarase to catalyze this reaction in the course of mesaconate utilization. here we show that classical escherichia coli class i fumarases a and b ... | 2015 | 26658641 |
| elevated matrix metalloproteinase levels in bronchi infected with periodontopathogenic bacteria. | to determine whether bronchial colonisations/infections with periodontopathogenic bacteria are associated with elevated inflammatory markers such as mmps, interleukins and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the bronchial fluid. | 2015 | 26656474 |
| the influences of periodontal status and periodontal pathogen quantity on salivary 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and interleukin-17 levels. | periodontitis is a biofilm-initiated disease that is characterized by elevated inflammatory status. 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-ohdg) and interleukin (il)-17 are highly associated with inflammation and bone resorption and therefore are regarded as potential biomarkers for periodontitis. in this study, the associations between salivary 8-ohdg and il-17 levels and clinical and microbial parameters before and after non-surgical treatment are investigated. | 2016 | 26654345 |
| molecular analysis of oral bacteria in heart valve of patients with cardiovascular disease by real-time polymerase chain reaction. | structural deficiencies and functional abnormalities of heart valves represent an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and a number of diseases, such as aortic stenosis, have been recently associated with infectious agents. this study aimed to analyze oral bacteria in dental plaque, saliva, and cardiac valves of patients with cardiovascular disease. samples of supragingival plaque, subgingival plaque, saliva, and cardiac valve tissue were collected from 42 patients with hea ... | 2015 | 26632711 |
| the cytochrome bd oxidase of porphyromonas gingivalis contributes to oxidative stress resistance and dioxygen tolerance. | porphyromonas gingivalis is an etiologic agent of periodontal disease in humans. the disease is associated with the formation of a mixed oral biofilm which is exposed to oxygen and environmental stress, such as oxidative stress. to investigate possible roles for cytochrome bd oxidase in the growth and persistence of this anaerobic bacterium inside the oral biofilm, mutant strains deficient in cytochrome bd oxidase activity were characterized. this study demonstrated that the cytochrome bd oxidas ... | 2015 | 26629705 |
| individuality, phenotypic differentiation, dormancy and 'persistence' in culturable bacterial systems: commonalities shared by environmental, laboratory, and clinical microbiology. | for bacteria, replication mainly involves growth by binary fission. however, in a very great many natural environments there are examples of phenotypically dormant, non-growing cells that do not replicate immediately and that are phenotypically 'nonculturable' on media that normally admit their growth. they thereby evade detection by conventional culture-based methods. such dormant cells may also be observed in laboratory cultures and in clinical microbiology. they are usually more tolerant to s ... | 2015 | 26629334 |
| molecular insights into the enzymatic diversity of flavin-trafficking protein (ftp; formerly apbe) in flavoprotein biogenesis in the bacterial periplasm. | we recently reported a flavin-trafficking protein (ftp) in the syphilis spirochete treponema pallidum (ftp_tp) as the first bacterial metal-dependent fad pyrophosphatase that hydrolyzes fad into amp and fmn in the periplasm. orthologs of ftp_tp in other bacteria (formerly apbe) appear to lack this hydrolytic activity; rather, they flavinylate the redox subunit, nqrc, via their metal-dependent fmn transferase activity. however, nothing has been known about the nature or mechanism of metal-depende ... | 2015 | 26626129 |
| molecular insights into the enzymatic diversity of flavin-trafficking protein (ftp; formerly apbe) in flavoprotein biogenesis in the bacterial periplasm. | we recently reported a flavin-trafficking protein (ftp) in the syphilis spirochete treponema pallidum (ftp_tp) as the first bacterial metal-dependent fad pyrophosphatase that hydrolyzes fad into amp and fmn in the periplasm. orthologs of ftp_tp in other bacteria (formerly apbe) appear to lack this hydrolytic activity; rather, they flavinylate the redox subunit, nqrc, via their metal-dependent fmn transferase activity. however, nothing has been known about the nature or mechanism of metal-depende ... | 2015 | 26626129 |
| characterization of specific rapd markers of virulence in trichomonas vaginalis isolates. | as for human trichomoniasis the host-parasite relationship is very complex, and the broad ranges of clinical symptoms are unlikely be attributable to a single pathogenic mechanism. specific random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers of 490 bp, 720 bp and 460 bp using the primers tv-5, opa-6 and opa-11, respectively, were reported. this was the first description of possible genetic virulence markers of the infection by t. vaginalis. the aim of this study was to characterize the specific rapd ... | 2015 | 26622300 |
| polymicrobial oral infection with four periodontal bacteria orchestrates a distinct inflammatory response and atherosclerosis in apoe null mice. | periodontal disease (pd) develops from a synergy of complex subgingival oral microbiome, and is linked to systemic inflammatory atherosclerotic vascular disease (asvd). to investigate how a polybacterial microbiome infection influences atherosclerotic plaque progression, we infected the oral cavity of apoe null mice with a polybacterial consortium of 4 well-characterized periodontal pathogens, porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, tannerealla forsythia and fusobacterium nucleatum, that ... | 2015 | 26619277 |
| oral bacteria in pancreatic cancer: mutagenesis of the p53 tumour suppressor gene. | carcinoma of exocrine pancreas is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths, worldwide. the prevalence of this disease is very high in patients with chronic pancreatitis. orodigestive cancers are frequently seen in patients with periodontitis. these findings suggest that this type of cancer may have some bacterial origins. this study hypothesizes that the peptidyl arginine deaminase (pad) enzymes found in oral bacteria may be responsible for the p53 point mutations that occur in patients with pa ... | 2015 | 26617937 |
| tlr expression profile of human gingival margin-derived stem progenitor cells. | gingival margin-derived stem/progenitor cells (g-mscs) show remarkable periodontal regenerative potential in vivo. during regeneration, g-mscs may interact with their inflammatory environment via toll-like-receptors (tlrs). the present study aimed to depict the g-mscs tlrs expression profile. | 2015 | 26615501 |
| tlr expression profile of human gingival margin-derived stem progenitor cells. | gingival margin-derived stem/progenitor cells (g-mscs) show remarkable periodontal regenerative potential in vivo. during regeneration, g-mscs may interact with their inflammatory environment via toll-like-receptors (tlrs). the present study aimed to depict the g-mscs tlrs expression profile. | 2015 | 26615501 |
| gingipains: critical factors in the development of aspiration pneumonia caused by porphyromonas gingivalis. | aspiration pneumonia is a life-threatening infectious disease often caused by oral anaerobic and periodontal pathogens such as porphyromonas gingivalis. this organism produces proteolytic enzymes, known as gingipains, which manipulate innate immune responses and promote chronic inflammation. here, we challenged mice with p. gingivalis w83 and examined the role of gingipains in bronchopneumonia, lung abscess formation, and inflammatory responses. although gingipains were not required for p. gingi ... | 2015 | 26613585 |
| gingipains: critical factors in the development of aspiration pneumonia caused by porphyromonas gingivalis. | aspiration pneumonia is a life-threatening infectious disease often caused by oral anaerobic and periodontal pathogens such as porphyromonas gingivalis. this organism produces proteolytic enzymes, known as gingipains, which manipulate innate immune responses and promote chronic inflammation. here, we challenged mice with p. gingivalis w83 and examined the role of gingipains in bronchopneumonia, lung abscess formation, and inflammatory responses. although gingipains were not required for p. gingi ... | 2015 | 26613585 |
| the antioxidant master glutathione and periodontal health. | glutathione, considered to be the master antioxidant (ao), is the most-important redox regulator that controls inflammatory processes, and thus damage to the periodontium. periodontitis patients have reduced total ao capacity in whole saliva, and lower concentrations of reduced glutathione (gsh) in serum and gingival crevicular fluid, and periodontal therapy restores the redox balance. therapeutic considerations for the adjunctive use of glutathione in management of periodontitis, in limiting th ... | 2015 | 26604952 |
| detection and measurement of oral malodor in chronic periodontitis patients and its correlation with levels of select oral anaerobes in subgingival plaque. | oral malodor is generally ascribable to oral microbial putrefaction generating malodorous volatile sulfur compounds. the aim of the present study is to correlate organoleptic recordings with a small handheld portable volatile sulfide monitor and periodontal clinical parameters and correlate the levels of halitosis causing bacteria in plaque between baseline, 1-week, and 1-month. | 2015 | 26604572 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis fim-a genotype distribution among colombians. | porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with periodontitis and exhibit a wide array of virulence factors, including fimbriae which is encoded by the fima gene representing six known genotypes. | 2015 | 26600627 |
| biofilm models of polymicrobial infection. | interactions between microbes are complex and play an important role in the pathogenesis of infections. these interactions can range from fierce competition for nutrients and niches to highly evolved cooperative mechanisms between different species that support their mutual growth. an increasing appreciation for these interactions, and desire to uncover the mechanisms that govern them, has resulted in a shift from monomicrobial to polymicrobial biofilm studies in different disease models. here w ... | 2015 | 26592098 |
| intestinal spirochaetes (genus brachyspira) colonise wild birds in the southern atlantic region and antarctica. | the genus brachyspira contains well-known enteric pathogens of veterinary significance, suggested agents of colonic disease in humans, and one potentially zoonotic agent. there are recent studies showing that brachyspira are more widespread in the wildlife community than previously thought. there are no records of this genus in wildlife from the southern atlantic region and antarctica. our aim was therefore, to determine whether intestinal spirochaetes of genus brachyspira colonise marine and co ... | 2015 | 26584828 |
| biofilms as "connectors" for oral and systems medicine: a new opportunity for biomarkers, molecular targets, and bacterial eradication. | oral health and systems medicine are intimately related but have remained, sadly, as isolated knowledge communities for decades. are there veritable connector knowledge domains that can usefully link them together on the critical path to biomarker research and "one health"? in this context, it is noteworthy that bacteria form surface-attached communities on most biological surfaces, including the oral cavity. biofilm-forming bacteria contribute to periodontal diseases and recent evidences point ... | 2016 | 26583256 |
| probing the active site tryptophan of staphylococcus aureus thioredoxin with an analog. | genetically encoded non-canonical amino acids are powerful tools of protein research and engineering; in particular they allow substitution of individual chemical groups or atoms in a protein of interest. one such amino acid is the tryptophan (trp) analog 3-benzothienyl-l-alanine (bta) with an imino-to-sulfur substitution in the five-membered ring. unlike trp, bta is not capable of forming a hydrogen bond, but preserves other properties of a trp residue. here we present a pyrrolysyl-trna synthet ... | 2015 | 26582921 |
| black tea extract and its theaflavin derivatives inhibit the growth of periodontopathogens and modulate interleukin-8 and β-defensin secretion in oral epithelial cells. | over the years, several studies have brought evidence suggesting that tea polyphenols, mostly from green tea, may have oral health benefits. since few data are available concerning the beneficial properties of black tea and its theaflavin derivatives against periodontal disease, the objective of this study was to investigate their antibacterial activity as well as their ability to modulate interleukin-8 and human β-defensin (hbd) secretion in oral epithelial cells. among the periodontopathogenic ... | 2015 | 26581041 |
| mechanisms and therapeutic effectiveness of lactobacilli. | the gut microbiome is not a silent ecosystem but exerts several physiological and immunological functions. for many decades, lactobacilli have been used as an effective therapy for treatment of several pathological conditions displaying an overall positive safety profile. this review summarises the mechanisms and clinical evidence supporting therapeutic efficacy of lactobacilli. we searched pubmed/medline using the keyword 'lactobacillus'. selected papers from 1950 to 2015 were chosen on the bas ... | 2015 | 26578541 |
| mechanisms and therapeutic effectiveness of lactobacilli. | the gut microbiome is not a silent ecosystem but exerts several physiological and immunological functions. for many decades, lactobacilli have been used as an effective therapy for treatment of several pathological conditions displaying an overall positive safety profile. this review summarises the mechanisms and clinical evidence supporting therapeutic efficacy of lactobacilli. we searched pubmed/medline using the keyword 'lactobacillus'. selected papers from 1950 to 2015 were chosen on the bas ... | 2015 | 26578541 |
| cyclic di-gmp regulates multiple cellular functions in the symbiotic alphaproteobacterium sinorhizobium meliloti. | sinorhizobium meliloti undergoes major lifestyle changes between planktonic states, biofilm formation, and symbiosis with leguminous plant hosts. in many bacteria, the second messenger 3',5'-cyclic di-gmp (c-di-gmp, or cdg) promotes a sessile lifestyle by regulating a plethora of processes involved in biofilm formation, including motility and biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides (eps). here, we systematically investigated the role of cdg in s. meliloti rm2011 encoding 22 proteins putatively associ ... | 2016 | 26574513 |
| intrinsic challenges in ancient microbiome reconstruction using 16s rrna gene amplification. | to date, characterization of ancient oral (dental calculus) and gut (coprolite) microbiota has been primarily accomplished through a metataxonomic approach involving targeted amplification of one or more variable regions in the 16s rrna gene. specifically, the v3 region (e. coli 341-534) of this gene has been suggested as an excellent candidate for ancient dna amplification and microbial community reconstruction. however, in practice this metataxonomic approach often produces highly skewed taxon ... | 2015 | 26563586 |
| host response, obesity, and oral health. | proper food choices are part of preventing or reducing the risk of dental caries and periodontal disease. a significant association has been proven between oral diseases and the incidence of systemic diseases. obesity, just like smoking, is one of the major risk factors for oral disease and is a serious social problem that has reached epidemic proportions in many developed countries. the results of studies on periodontitis confirm the relationship between the values of body mass index (bmi) and ... | 2015 | 26557035 |
| archaea prevalence in inflamed pulp tissues. | archaea have been detected in several ecological niches of the human body such as the large intestine, skin, vagina as well as the oral cavity. at present, archaea are recognized as nonpathogenic microorganisms. however, some data indicate that they may be involved in the etiopathogenesis of several diseases, including intestinal diseases as well as oral diseases: periodontitis, peri-implantitis and endodontitis. in this study, on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, we examined whether ... | 2015 | 26557034 |
| treatment alternatives to negotiate peri-implantitis. | peri-implant diseases are becoming a major health issue in dentistry. despite the magnitude of this problem and the potential grave consequences, commonly acceptable treatment protocols are missing. hence, the present paper reviews the literature treatment of peri-implantitis in order to explore their benefits and limitations. treatment of peri-implantitis may include surgical and nonsurgical approaches, either individually or combined. nonsurgical therapy is aimed at removing local irritants fr ... | 2014 | 26556414 |
| humoral immune responses to periodontal pathogens in the elderly. | elderly people are thought to be more susceptible to periodontal disease due to reduced immune function associated with aging. however, little information is available on the nature of immune responses against putative periodontal pathogens in geriatric patients. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the serum igg antibody responses to six periodontal pathogens in geriatric subjects. | 2015 | 26550526 |
| bacterial interactions in pathogenic subgingival plaque. | chronic periodontitis has a polymicrobial biofilm aetiology. polymicrobial biofilms are complex, dynamic microbial communities formed by two or more bacterial species that are important for the persistence and proliferation of participating microbes in the environment. interspecies adherence, which often involves bacterial surface-associated molecules, and communications are essential in the spatial and temporal development of a polymicrobial biofilm, which in turn is necessary for the overall f ... | 2016 | 26541672 |
| efficacy of curcumin as an adjunct to scaling and root planning in chronic periodontitis patients: a clinical and microbiological study. | curcumin is a naturally occurring anti-inflammatory agent with various biologic and medicinal properties. its therapeutic applications have been studied in a variety of conditions, but only few studies have evaluated the efficacy of curcumin as local drug delivery agent and in the treatment of periodontitis. the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the adjunctive use of curcumin with scaling/root planing as compared with scaling/root planing alone in the treatment of the chronic periodo ... | 2015 | 26538916 |
| the effect of bamboo leaf extract solution and sodium copper chlorophyllin solution on growth and volatile sulfur compounds production of oral malodor associated some anaerobic periodontal bacteria. | bamboo leaf extract solution (bles) and sodium copper chlorophyllin solution (sccs) are known for their anti-oxidant activities. oral malodor is often related with periodontal pathogens. the present study was undertaken to investigate the anti-bacterial effect of both bles and sccs on anaerobic periodontal bacteria producing oral malodorous volatile sulfur compounds (vsc). | 2015 | 26538799 |
| proteomic profiling of host-biofilm interactions in an oral infection model resembling the periodontal pocket. | periodontal infections cause inflammatory destruction of the tooth supporting tissues. we recently developed a dynamic, in vitro periodontal organotypic tissue model in a perfusion bioreactor system, in co-culture with an 11-species subgingival biofilm, which may recapitulate early events during the establishment of periodontal infections. this study aimed to characterize the global proteome regulations in this host-biofilm interaction model. semi-quantitative shotgun proteomics were applied for ... | 2015 | 26525412 |
| spirochetal motility and chemotaxis in the natural enzootic cycle and development of lyme disease. | two-thirds of all bacterial genomes sequenced to-date possess an organelle for locomotion, referred to as flagella, periplasmic flagella or type iv pili. these genomes may also contain a chemotaxis-signaling system which governs flagellar rotation, thus leading a coordinated function for motility. motility and chemotaxis are often crucial for infection or disease process caused by pathogenic bacteria. although motility-associated genes are well-characterized in some organisms, the highly orchest ... | 2015 | 26519910 |
| polymerase chain reaction to evaluate the efficacy of silica dioxide colloidal solutions in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a case control study. | the objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of supportive periodontal therapy [i.e. scaling and rooth planing (srp)] alone versus a chemical silica dioxide (sio2) colloidal solution (sdcs) device used in association with srp in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in adult patients. a total of 20 patients with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis (40 localized chronic periodontitis sites) in the age group of 35 to 55 were selected. none of these patients had previously received any ... | 2017 | 26511193 |
| quantitative analysis of periodontal pathogens in periodontitis and gingivitis. | periodontal tissues surround the teeth and provide their attachment. periodontal diseases include a mild and reversible form named gingivitis and periodontitis that is the main cause of tooth loss in adults. gingivitis, that affects gums and coronal junctional epithelium, as well as periodontitis, that is characterized by loss of connective tissue attachment, are caused by a persistent inflammatory response promoted by alteration of periodontal biofilm. the aim of the study was to test whether t ... | 2017 | 26511188 |
| inferring infection patterns based on a connectivity map of host transcriptional responses. | host responses to infections represent an important pathogenicity determiner, and delineation of host responses can elucidate pathogenesis processes and inform the development of anti-infection therapies. low cost, high throughput, easy quantitation, and rich descriptions have made gene expression profiling generated by dna microarrays an optimal approach for describing host transcriptional responses (htrs). however, efforts to characterize the landscape of htrs to diverse pathogens are far from ... | 2015 | 26508266 |
| comparison of plaque inhibiting efficacies of aloe vera and propolis tooth gels: a randomized pcr study. | allopathic medications used for periodontal disease are known to be associated with various side effects. hence a search for naturotherapies are on the rise. among the natural pharmacons available aloevera and propolis are considered to be effective and free from adverse effects. taking this into account, the present study was done to compare the plaque inhibiting efficacies of aloe vera and propolis tooth gels in patients with chronic periodontitis. | 2015 | 26501001 |
| inflammasome/il-1β responses to streptococcal pathogens. | inflammation mediated by the inflammasome and the cytokine il-1β are some of the earliest and most important alarms to infection. these pathways are responsive to the virulence factors that pathogens use to subvert immune processes, and thus are typically activated only by microbes with potential to cause severe disease. among the most serious human infections are those caused by the pathogenic streptococci, in part because these species numerous strategies for immune evasion. since the virulenc ... | 2015 | 26500655 |
| human microbiomes and their roles in dysbiosis, common diseases, and novel therapeutic approaches. | the human body is the residence of a large number of commensal (non-pathogenic) and pathogenic microbial species that have co-evolved with the human genome, adaptive immune system, and diet. with recent advances in dna-based technologies, we initiated the exploration of bacterial gene functions and their role in human health. the main goal of the human microbiome project is to characterize the abundance, diversity and functionality of the genes present in all microorganisms that permanently live ... | 2015 | 26500616 |
| cellular metabolic network analysis: discovering important reactions in treponema pallidum. | t. pallidum, the syphilis-causing pathogen, performs very differently in metabolism compared with other bacterial pathogens. the desire for safe and effective vaccine of syphilis requests identification of important steps in t. pallidum's metabolism. here, we apply flux balance analysis to represent the reactions quantitatively. thus, it is possible to cluster all reactions in t. pallidum. by calculating minimal cut sets and analyzing topological structure for the metabolic network of t. pallidu ... | 2015 | 26495292 |
| oxidative stress parameters in saliva and its association with periodontal disease and types of bacteria. | to determine the association between oxidative stress parameters with periodontal disease, bleeding, and the presence of different periodontal bacteria. | 2015 | 26494938 |
| engineering a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate supply for cadaverine production by using escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalysis. | although the routes of de novo pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp) biosynthesis have been well described, studies of the engineering of an intracellular plp supply are limited, and the effects of cellular plp levels on plp-dependent enzyme-based whole-cell biocatalyst activity have not been described. to investigate the effects of plp cofactor availability on whole-cell biocatalysis, the ribose 5-phosphate (r5p)-dependent pathway genes pdxs and pdxt of bacillus subtilis were introduced into the lysine ... | 2015 | 26490441 |
| quantitative pcr analysis of salivary pathogen burden in periodontitis. | our aim was to investigate the value of salivary concentrations of four major periodontal pathogens and their combination in diagnostics of periodontitis. the parogene study included 462 dentate subjects (mean age 62.9 ± 9.2 years) with coronary artery disease (cad) diagnosis who underwent an extensive clinical and radiographic oral examination. salivary levels of four major periodontal bacteria were measured by quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr). median salivary concentrations of porphyromonas g ... | 2015 | 26484315 |
| flagellar motility of the pathogenic spirochetes. | bacterial pathogens are often classified by their toxicity and invasiveness. the invasiveness of a given bacterium is determined by how capable the bacterium is at invading a broad range of tissues in its host. of mammalian pathogens, some of the most invasive come from a group of bacteria known as the spirochetes, which cause diseases, such as syphilis, lyme disease, relapsing fever and leptospirosis. most of the spirochetes are characterized by their distinct shapes and unique motility. they a ... | 2015 | 26481969 |
| polymicrobial infection alter inflammatory microrna in rat salivary glands during periodontal disease. | periodontal disease initiated by subgingival pathogens is linked with diminished secretion of saliva, and implies pathogenic bacteria dissemination to or affects secondary sites such as the salivary glands. micrornas activated in response to bacteria may modulate immune responses against pathogens. therefore, sprague-dawley rats were infected by oral lavage consisting of polymicrobial inocula, namely porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola, or sham-infected for 12 ... | 2016 | 26481834 |
| malva sylvestris inhibits inflammatory response in oral human cells. an in vitro infection model. | the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of malva sylvestris extract (mse) and fractions in a co-culture model of cells infected by aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. in addition, we evaluated the phytochemical content in the extract and fractions of m. sylvestris and demonstrated that polyphenols were the most frequent group in all samples studied. an in vitro dual-chamber model to mimic the periodontal structure was developed using a monolayer of epi ... | 2015 | 26479870 |
| digital dermatitis in dairy cows: a review of risk factors and potential sources of between-animal variation in susceptibility. | digital dermatitis (dd) is a bacterial disease that primarily affects the skin on the heels of cattle. it is a major cause of lameness in dairy cows and a significant problem for the dairy industry in many countries, causing reduced animal welfare and economic loss. a wide range of infection levels has been found on infected farms, prompting investigations into both farm level and animal level risk factors for dd occurrence. there also appears to be individual variation between animals in suscep ... | 2015 | 26479371 |
| antimicrobial effectiveness of cetylpyridinium chloride and zinc chloride-containing mouthrinses on bacteria of halitosis and peri-implant disease. | to clarify the antimicrobial efficacy of zinc chloride (zncl2) and cetylpyridinium chloride (cpc) by testing their impact on the growth of seven bacterial strains known to be involved in the pathophysiology of both peri-implant disease and halitosis-staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus mutans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, fusobacterium nucleatum, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia. | 2015 | 26478974 |
| differentiation of oral bacteria in in vitro cultures and human saliva by secondary electrospray ionization - mass spectrometry. | the detection of bacterial-specific volatile metabolites may be a valuable tool to predict infection. here we applied a real-time mass spectrometric technique to investigate differences in volatile metabolic profiles of oral bacteria that cause periodontitis. we coupled a secondary electrospray ionization (sesi) source to a commercial high-resolution mass spectrometer to interrogate the headspace from bacterial cultures and human saliva. we identified 120 potential markers characteristic for per ... | 2015 | 26477831 |
| towards microbiome transplant as a therapy for periodontitis: an exploratory study of periodontitis microbial signature contrasted by oral health, caries and edentulism. | conventional periodontal therapy aims at controlling supra- and subgingival biofilms. although periodontal therapy was shown to improve periodontal health, it does not completely arrest the disease. almost all subjects compliant with periodontal maintenance continue to experience progressive clinical attachment loss and a fraction of them loses teeth. an oral microbial transplant may be a new alternative for treating periodontitis (inspired by fecal transplant). first, it must be established tha ... | 2015 | 26468081 |
| effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment combined with diode laser or photodynamic therapy on chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled split-mouth clinical trial. | the optimum removal of bacteria and their toxins from periodontal pockets is not always obtained by conventional mechanical debridement. adjunctive therapies may improve tissue healing through detoxification and bactericidal effects. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of adjunctive laser therapy (lt) and photodynamic therapy (pdt) on patients with chronic periodontitis. | 2015 | 26464778 |
| viscoelastic and ultrastructural characteristics of whole blood and plasma in alzheimer-type dementia, and the possible role of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps). | alzheimer-type dementia (ad) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia. patients typically present with neuro- and systemic inflammation and iron dysregulation, associated with oxidative damage that reflects in hypercoagulability. hypercoagulability is closely associated with increased fibrinogen and in ad patients fibrinogen has been implicated in the development of neuroinflammation and memory deficits. there is still no clear reason precisely why (a) this hypercoagu ... | 2015 | 26462180 |
| incorporation of staphylococci into titanium-grown biofilms: an in vitro "submucosal" biofilm model for peri-implantitis. | staphylococcus spp. are postulated to play a role in peri-implantitis. this study aimed to develop a "submucosal" in vitro biofilm model, by integrating two staphylococci into its composition. | 2015 | 26461083 |
| incorporation of staphylococci into titanium-grown biofilms: an in vitro "submucosal" biofilm model for peri-implantitis. | staphylococcus spp. are postulated to play a role in peri-implantitis. this study aimed to develop a "submucosal" in vitro biofilm model, by integrating two staphylococci into its composition. | 2015 | 26461083 |
| brachyspira suanatina sp. nov., an enteropathogenic intestinal spirochaete isolated from pigs and mallards: genomic and phenotypic characteristics. | the genus brachyspira currently encompasses seven valid species that colonize the intestines of mammals and birds. in a previous study a group of strongly haemolytic isolates from pigs and mallards was provisionally described as a new species within genus brachyspira, "b. suanatina", and enteropathogenic properties were demonstrated in a porcine challenge model. | 2015 | 26458507 |
| fibronectin-binding protein tde1579 affects cytotoxicity of treponema denticola. | while fbpa, a family of bacterial fibronectin (fn) binding proteins has been studied in several gram-positive bacteria, the gram-negative treponema denticola, an anaerobic periodontal pathogen, also has an overlooked fbp gene (tde1579). in this research, we confirm that recombinant fbp protein (rfbp) of t. denticola binds human fn with a kdapp of 1.5 × 10(-7) m and blocks the binding of t. denticola to fn in a concentration-dependent manner to a level of 42%. the fbp gene was expressed in t. den ... | 2015 | 26456217 |
| antibacterial activity of curcumin against periodontopathic bacteria. | curcumin is a polyphenol extracted from root of turmeric and known to possess multifunctional properties, including antibacterial activity. although previous studies have investigated the effects of curcumin on microorganisms, available knowledge on the effects of curcumin on periodontopathic bacteria is still limited. in this study, the antibacterial effect of curcumin on periodontopathic bacteria is investigated, particularly porphyromonas gingivalis. | 2016 | 26447754 |
| comparative analysis of calcium-binding myeloid-related protein-8/14 in saliva and serum of patients with periodontitis and healthy individuals. | this study aims to investigate calcium-binding myeloid-related protein (mrp)-8/14 in the saliva and serum of individuals with periodontitis and periodontally healthy individuals for the assessment of its role in the pathogenesis and clinical diagnosis of periodontitis. | 2016 | 26447749 |
| habitat fragmentation is associated to gut microbiota diversity of an endangered primate: implications for conservation. | the expansion of agriculture is shrinking pristine forest areas worldwide, jeopardizing the persistence of their wild inhabitants. the udzungwa red colobus monkey (procolobus gordonorum) is among the most threatened primate species in africa. primarily arboreal and highly sensitive to hunting and habitat destruction, they provide a critical model to understanding whether anthropogenic disturbance impacts gut microbiota diversity. we sampled seven social groups inhabiting two forests (disturbed v ... | 2015 | 26445280 |
| periodontal health status in patients treated with the invisalign(®) system and fixed orthodontic appliances: a 3 months clinical and microbiological evaluation. | the aim of this prospective study was to compare the periodontal health and the microbiological changes via real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in patients treated with fixed orthodontic appliances and invisalign(®) system (align technology, santa clara, california). | 2015 | 26430371 |
| should antibiotics be prescribed to treat chronic periodontitis? | although scaling and root planing is a cost-effective approach for initial treatment of chronic periodontitis, it fails to eliminate subgingival pathogens and halt progressive attachment loss in some patients. adjunctive use of systemic antibiotics immediately after completion of scaling and root planing can enhance the degree of clinical attachment gain and probing depth reduction provided by nonsurgical periodontal treatment. this article discusses the rationale for prescribing adjunctive anti ... | 2015 | 26427574 |