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the 1918 influenza epidemic in new york city: a review of the public health response.new york city approached the 1918 influenza epidemic by making use of its existing robust public health infrastructure. health officials worked to prevent the spread of contagion by distancing healthy new yorkers from those infected, increasing disease surveillance capacities, and mounting a large-scale health education campaign while regulating public spaces such as schools and theaters. control measures, such as those used for spitting, were implemented through a spectrum of mandatory and volu ...201020568569
mutational analysis of hoxa2 and six2 in a bronx population with isolated microtia.microtia is a developmental malformation of the external ear with genetic and environmental causes. the prevalence of microtia varies but several studies suggest increased incidence in hispanic and african american populations. no causal genetic mutations have been identified in these populations. mutations in the homeobox gene hoxa2 caused microtia in a single iranian family. another homeobox gene, six2, acts downstream of hoxa2 during development and provides another possible candidate for mut ...201020542577
utilization of an incident command system for a public health threat: west nile virus in nassau county, new york, 2008.the summer of 2008 in nassau county, new york, was marked by a historic season of human west nile virus illness and west nile virus activity in mosquitoes. the commissioner of health of the state of new york declared a public health threat, and a decision was made to use adulticide for mosquito control. in contrast to prior years, the nassau county department of health utilized the incident command system (ics) to coordinate a multidisciplinary and multidepartment response to this public health ...201020520369
ground zero recollections of us public health service nurses deployed to new york city in september 2001.the events of september 11, 2001, set in motion the broadest emergency response ever conducted by the us department of health and human services. in this article, some of the nurses who deployed to new york city in the aftermath of that horrific attack on the united states offer their recollections of the events. although public health service commissioned corps (phs cc) officers participated in deployments before 9/11, this particular deployment accelerated the transformation of the phs cc, bec ...201020510700
human heredity and politics: a comparative institutional study of the eugenics record office at cold spring harbor (united states), the kaiser wilhelm institute for anthropology, human heredity, and eugenics (germany), and the maxim gorky medical genetics institute (ussr).despite the fact that much has been written in recent years about the science of heredity under the third reich, there is as yet no satisfying analysis of two central questions: what, if anything, was peculiarly "nazi" about human genetics under national socialism? how, under whatever set of causes, did at least some of germany's most well-known and leading biomedical practioners become engaged in entgrenzte wissenschaft (science without moral boundaries)? this paper attempts to provide some ans ...200520503765
acquiring human immunodeficiency virus during pregnancy and mother-to-child transmission in new york: 2002-2006.to assess perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) exposure and factors associated with mother-to-child hiv transmission.201020502297
urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is a promising biomarker for late onset culture-positive sepsis in very low birth weight infants.need for the early identification of sepsis in very low birth weight (vlbw) infants has led to the search for reliable biomarkers. this study aims to determine whether urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (ungal) rises in culture-positive sepsis and, if so, is elevated at the time sepsis is suspected. this is a prospective study of 91 vlbw infants whose urine was collected daily for ungal analysis. in 65 episodes of suspected sepsis, four groups were identified: a) culture-positive ...201020496473
identification of environmental covariates of west nile virus vector mosquito population abundance.the rapid spread of west nile virus (wnv) in north america is a major public health concern. culex pipiens-restuans is the principle mosquito vector of wnv in the northeastern united states while aedes vexans is an important bridge vector of the virus in this region. vector mosquito abundance is directly dependent on physical environmental factors that provide mosquito habitats. the objective of this research is to determine landscape elements that explain the population abundance and distributi ...201020482343
a comparison of statistical techniques for combining modeled and observed concentrations to create high-resolution ozone air quality surfaces.air quality surfaces representing pollutant concentrations across space and time are needed for many applications, including tracking trends and relating air quality to human and ecosystem health. the spatial and temporal characteristics of these surfaces may reveal new information about the associations between emissions, pollution levels, and human exposure and health outcomes that may not have been discernable before. this paper presents four techniques, ranging from simple to complex, to sta ...201020480858
mental distress and service utilization among help-seeking, community-dwelling older adults.this study aimed to characterize healthcare and human services utilization among mentally distressed and non-distressed clients receiving in-home care management assessment by aging services provider network (aspn) agencies in the u.s.a.201020478101
attitudes and perceptions of the hpv vaccine in caribbean and african-american adolescent girls and their parents.to describe attitudes and perceptions toward acceptability of human papilloma virus (hpv) vaccination among inner city caribbean (ca) and african american (aa) adolescents and their parents, and discuss correlates that may be associated with these factors.201020452260
fatalities associated with the 2009 h1n1 influenza a virus in new york city.background. when the 2009 h1n1 influenza a virus emerged in the united states, epidemiologic and clinical information about severe and fatal cases was limited. we report the first 47 fatal cases of 2009 h1n1 influenza in new york city. methods. the new york city department of health and mental hygiene conducted enhanced surveillance for hospitalizations and deaths associated with 2009 h1n1 influenza a virus. we collected basic demographic and clinical information for all patients who died and co ...201020420514
changing sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of tuberculosis among hiv-infected patients, new york city, 1992-2005.although highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) has decreased human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-related morbidity, tuberculosis remains an important disease among hiv-infected individuals.201020415570
quantitative risk assessment of the new york state operated west valley radioactive waste disposal area.this article is based on a quantitative risk assessment (qra) that was performed on a radioactive waste disposal area within the western new york nuclear service center in western new york state. the qra results were instrumental in the decision by the new york state energy research and development authority to support a strategy of in-place management of the disposal area for another decade. the qra methodology adopted for this first of a kind application was a scenario-based approach in the fr ...201020412517
deaths from seasonal influenza among pregnant women in the united states, 1998-2005.to estimate pregnancy-related mortality caused by seasonal influenza in the united states for comparison with the current 2009 influenza a h1n1 pandemic.201020410763
albany prize honors genome decoders. 201020407050
pandemic influenza: antiviral preparedness and health care workers.the primary objective of this study was to determine the preparedness for pandemic influenza of hospitals, in terms of amount of antiviral drugs on hand and employee vaccination rates, in the finger lakes region (flr) of western new york.201020389196
which health care workers were most affected during the spring 2009 h1n1 pandemic?to identify health care workers most at risk for h1n1 infection before vaccination and compare health outcomes after vaccination.201020389195
organotin compounds, including butyltins and octyltins, in house dust from albany, new york, usa.organotin compounds (ots) have been used in a wide variety of consumer products. despite this, very few studies have reported the occurrence of ots in house dust or exposure of humans to ots through the ingestion of house dust. in the present study, concentrations of monobutyltin (mbt), dibutyltin (dbt), tributyltin (tbt), monooctyltin (mot), dioctyltin (dot), trioctyltin (tot), diphenyltin (dpt), and triphenyltin (tpt) were measured in dust collected from 24 houses in albany, new york, usa. in ...201020379706
unexplained increased incidence of legionnaires disease during the "herald wave" of the h1n1 influenza pandemic. 201020367323
assessing criminal justice involvement as an indicator of human immunodeficiency virus risk among women in methadone treatment.this study examines the relationship between criminal justice involvement and high-risk sexual partnerships among a random sample of 416 women in methadone treatment in new york city. logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations between recent criminal justice involvement (arrest or incarceration in the past 6 months) and recent high-risk partnerships (multiple sex partners, sex trading, or sex with a risky partner in the past 6 months) when adjusting for sociodemographic fa ...201020356702
2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) in pregnant women requiring intensive care - new york city, 2009.pregnant women are at increased risk for severe illness and complications from infection with seasonal influenza and 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1). to characterize the severity of 2009 h1n1 infection in pregnant women, the new york city department of health and mental hygiene (dohmh) conducted active and passive surveillance for cases of 2009 h1n1 infection in pregnant women requiring intensive care. this report summarizes the results of that surveillance, which found that, during 2009, 16 pr ...201020339343
severity of 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) virus infection in pregnant women.to examine 2009 h1n1 influenza illness severity and the effect of antiviral treatment on the severity of illness among pregnant women.201020308830
impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on uris and influenza in crowded, urban households.we compared the impact of three household interventions-education, education with alcohol-based hand sanitizer, and education with hand sanitizer and face masks-on incidence and secondary transmission of upper respiratory infections (uris) and influenza, knowledge of transmission of uris, and vaccination rates.201020297744
unseasonal transmission of h3n2 influenza a virus during the swine-origin h1n1 pandemic.the initial wave of swine-origin influenza a virus (pandemic h1n1/09) in the united states during the spring and summer of 2009 also resulted in an increased vigilance and sampling of seasonal influenza viruses (h1n1 and h3n2), even though they are normally characterized by very low incidence outside of the winter months. to explore the nature of virus evolution during this influenza "off-season," we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of h1n1 and h3n2 sequences sampled during april to june 2009 i ...201020237080
absence of genomic brca1 and brca2 rearrangements in ashkenazi breast and ovarian cancer families.a substantial proportion of ashkenazi jewish (aj) breast and ovarian cancer families carry one of three founder mutations in brca1 (185delag, 5382insc) and brca2 (6174delt). non-founder mutations are identified in another 2-4% of such families. the extent to which major genomic rearrangements in brca contribute to breast and ovarian cancer in the ashkenazim is not well understood. we identified aj individuals with breast and/or ovarian cancer undergoing hereditary breast/ovarian cancer risk asse ...201020221693
thomas g. pickering - a great mentor.professor thomas g. pickering passed away on 14 may 2009. i studied at the hypertension center, the new york presbyterian hospital/cornell university medical college, ny, usa from 1 september 1998 to 30 november 2000. professor pickering was a great mentor who showed how important the following issues were: (i) how important it is to stick to 'clinical viewpoint' and generate clinical ideas through 'words'. he introduced the beautiful medical words 'white-coat hypertension' and 'masked hypertens ...201020216062
terrestrial rabies and human postexposure prophylaxis, new york, usa.during 1993-2002, cats accounted for 2.7% of rabid terrestrial animals in new york but for one third of human exposure incidents and treatments. nonbite exposures and animals of undetermined rabies status accounted for 54% and 56%, respectively, of persons receiving rabies treatments.201020202438
double jeopardy: the impact of neoliberalism on care workers in the united states and south africa.many researchers have explored how neoliberal restructuring of the workplace has reduced the standard of living and increased workplace stress among private sector employees. however, few have focused on how neoliberal restructuring of public policy has had similar effects on the public sector workforce. using original case study research, the authors examine how two iconic pieces of neoliberal policy--the 1996 welfare reform bill in the united states and the gear macroeconomic policy in south a ...201020198806
salmonella enterica serotype cerro among dairy cattle in new york: an emerging pathogen?the focus of this study was salmonella enterica serotype cerro, a potentially emerging pathogen of cattle. our objectives were to document the within-herd prevalence of salmonella cerro among a sample of new york dairy herds, to describe the antimicrobial resistance patterns and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis types of the isolates, and to elucidate the status of this serotype as a bovine pathogen. data were collected prospectively from dairy herds throughout new york that had at least 150 lact ...201020187753
lessons from queens. 201020187742
household transmission of 2009 influenza a (h1n1) virus after a school-based outbreak in new york city, april-may 2009.in april 2009, an outbreak due to infection with the 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) virus (ph1n1) was investigated in a new york city high school. we surveyed household contacts of ill students to characterize the extent of transmission within households, identify contact groups at highest risk for illness, and assess the potential for preventing household transmission. influenza-like illness (ili) was reported by 79 of 702 household contacts (11.3% attack rate). multivariate analysis showed t ...201020187740
pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas with prominent ductal differentiation: mixed acinar ductal carcinoma and mixed acinar endocrine ductal carcinoma.pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas (accs) are clinically and pathologically distinct from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (pdas). whereas endocrine differentiation has been well shown in accs, significant ductal components are rare. this paper reviews the clinicopathologic features of a series of accs with prominent ductal differentiation.201020182344
dry weather induces outbreaks of human west nile virus infections.since its first occurrence in the new york city area during 1999, west nile virus (wnv) has spread rapidly across north america and has become a major public health concern in north america. by 2002, wnv was reported in 40 states and the district of columbia with 4,156 human and 14,539 equine cases of infection. mississippi had the highest human incidence rate of wnv during the 2002 epidemic in the united states. epidemics of wnv can impose enormous impacts on local economies. therefore, it is a ...201020181272
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis diversity of human and bovine clinical salmonella isolates.pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) characterization of 335 temporally and spatially matched clinical, bovine, and human salmonella enterica subsp. enterica isolates revealed 167 xbai pfge patterns. these isolates were previously classified into 51 serotypes and 73 sequence types, as determined by multilocus sequence typing. discriminatory power of pfge (simpson's index, d = 0.991) was considerably higher than that of multilocus sequence typing (d = 0.920) or serotyping (d = 0.913). although ...201020180633
joint modeling of intercourse behavior and human fecundability using structural equation models.human fecundability is defined as the probability of conception during a menstrual cycle among couples at risk for pregnancy. it is highly relevant for understanding human reproduction and represents a series of highly interrelated and timed processes. the statistical literature has recognized the need to incorporate both biological and behavioral factors (barrett and marshall, 1969; dunson and stanford, 2005) when modeling conception probabilities, given that intercourse during the fertile wind ...201020173100
association between residential proximity to perc dry cleaning establishments and kidney cancer in new york city.perchloroethylene (perc) is commonly used as a dry cleaning solvent and is believed to be a human carcinogen, with occupational exposure resulting in elevated rates of kidney cancer. living near a dry cleaning facility using perc has been demonstrated to increase the risk of perc exposure throughout the building where the dry cleaning is conducted, and in nearby buildings. we designed this study to test the hypothesis that living in an area where there are many perc dry cleaners increases perc e ...201020169137
nosocomial swine influenza (h1n1) pneumonia: lessons learned from an illustrative case.in the spring of 2009, our institution found itself at the epicentre of the "herald wave" of the swine influenza (h1n1) pandemic in new york. we were inundated with hundreds of patients exhibiting influenza-like illnesses (ilis), presenting for rapid influenza a testing. during this pandemic, an infant with newly diagnosed acute lymphatic leukaemia (all) was admitted for induction chemotherapy. after being in hospital for a week, she developed high fever and shortness of breath, although her che ...201020153551
interest and beliefs about brca genetic counseling among at-risk latinas in new york city.latinas are less likely to use genetic services (counseling and testing) for hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer risk compared to other ethnic groups. meanwhile, little is known about barriers to genetic counseling among latinas at increased risk of inherited breast cancer.201020151317
public hospital-based laboratory experience during an outbreak of pandemic influenza a (h1n1) virus infections.the experience of a public hospital virology laboratory during a springtime 2009 outbreak of a novel influenza a (h1n1) virus in new york state is described. influenza virus was isolated from 145 of 613 respiratory swab specimens. symptoms of fever (temperature, 102.7 +/- 0.32 degrees f), cough, upper respiratory infection, myalgia, and headache were reported. atypical symptoms of nausea/vomiting and diarrhea were also observed. illness occurred mainly in patients <or=21 years of age (85/145 pat ...201020147645
african ancestry allelic variation at the myh9 gene contributes to increased susceptibility to non-diabetic end-stage kidney disease in hispanic americans.recent studies identified myh9 as a major susceptibility gene for common forms of non-diabetic end-stage kidney disease (eskd). a set of african ancestry dna sequence variants comprising the e-1 haplotype, was significantly associated with eskd. in order to determine whether african ancestry variants are also associated with disease susceptibility in admixed populations with differing genomic backgrounds, we genotyped a total of 1425 african and hispanic american subjects comprising dialysis pat ...201020144966
examining the temporal relationship between criminal justice involvement and sexual risk behaviors among drug-involved men.although criminal justice involvement has repeatedly been associated with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/sexually transmitted infection prevalence and sexual risk behaviors, few studies have examined whether arrest or incarceration uniquely contributes to sexually risky behavior. we examined the temporal relationship between criminal justice involvement and subsequent sexual hiv risk among men in methadone maintenance treatment in new york city. a random sample of 356 men was interviewed at ...201020143270
concentrations of selected organochlorines and chlorobenzenes in the serum of former love canal residents, niagara falls, new york.love canal, in niagara falls, ny is among the earliest and most significant hazardous waste sites in the usa, but no study has ever measured chemical body burdens in nearby residents to document that human exposure occurred. this study measured concentrations of selected organochlorines and chlorinated benzenes in archived serum samples collected from former love canal residents.201020117765
possible underlying mechanisms for successful emergence of the mycobacterium tuberculosis beijing genotype strains.the wide geographic distribution of one clade of mycobacterium tuberculosis, the beijing genotype family, and its genetic homogeneity, suggests that strains belonging to this grouping might have a selective advantage over other m tuberculosis strains. this hypothesis was addressed by reviewing molecular-epidemiological, experimental, and clinical studies. beijing strains represent about 50% of strains in east asia and at least 13% of strains worldwide. their emergence might be linked to escape f ...201020113979
outbreaks of 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) among long-term-care facility residents - three states, 2009.hospitalization and death from seasonal influenza are more common among older adults and in long-term--care facilities (ltcfs). early data from the 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) outbreak indicated that attack rates among persons aged >or=65 years were lower than in other age groups, and anti-influenza a antibodies that cross-react with 2009 h1n1 could be detected in up to one third of healthy adults aged >60 years. based on these early data and anticipation of limited initial supplies of 2009 ...201020110935
rapid influenza a testing for novel h1n1: point-of-care performance.the 2009 outbreak of novel influenza a h1n1 reached a pandemic status on june 11, 2009. early detection is a key factor for management and infection-control practices. recent studies have suggested a difference in performance of rapid influenza kits for influenza a h1n1. our goal was to evaluate the performance of the quickvue influenza a+b test (quidel corp., san diego, ca) in an emergency department setting and determine the most current epidemiologic trends in our community.201020107286
burden of influenza-related hospitalizations among children with sickle cell disease.children with sickle cell disease (scd) are considered to be at high risk for complications from influenza infection despite minimal published data that characterize the burden of influenza in this population. our objectives were to (1) estimate the rate of influenza-related hospitalizations (irhs) among children with scd, (2) compare this rate with rates of children with cystic fibrosis (cf) and children with neither scd nor cf, and (3) explore mechanisms that underlie these potentially prevent ...201020100764
an analytical approach to clinical forensic evaluations of asylum seekers: the healthright international human rights clinic.healthright international, formerly doctors of the world-usa, has for the past 15years trained clinicians to perform forensic medical evaluations of torture survivors. as the burden of proof in asylum cases in the united states has increased, so has the scrutinizing of the evidence presented. we present a series of cases in which the scars themselves bear testimony to the applicant's case, bolstering the importance of photography in these cases.201020083050
prevalence of hemoglobin a1c greater than 6.5% and 7.0% among hospitalized patients without known diagnosis of diabetes at an urban inner city hospital.context: bronx, new york, an urban county with a large low-income, immigrant and minority population, has a prevalence of diabetes that is among the highest in the united states. objective: the aim of the study was to evaluate the utility of hemoglobin a1c (hba1c) in identifying patients at risk for diabetes on an in-patient medical service of a hospital serving a high prevalence community. design and setting: we conducted a prospective cohort study at an urban public hospital. patients: the stu ...201020080838
reconstructing influenza incidence by deconvolution of daily mortality time series.we propose a mathematically straightforward method to infer the incidence curve of an epidemic from a recorded daily death curve and time-to-death distribution; the method is based on the richardson-lucy deconvolution scheme from optics. we apply the method to reconstruct the incidence curves for the 1918 influenza epidemic in philadelphia and new york state. the incidence curves are then used to estimate epidemiological quantities, such as daily reproductive numbers and infectivity ratios. we f ...200920080801
association of a functional polymorphism in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (cetp) gene with memory decline and incidence of dementia.polymorphisms in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (cetp) gene have been associated with exceptional longevity and lower cardiovascular risk, but associations with memory decline and dementia risk are unclear.201020068209
validating high-throughput micronucleus analysis of peripheral reticulocytes for radiation biodosimetry: benchmark against dicentric and cbmn assays in a mouse model.automation of radiation biodosimetry is one of the top priority tasks considered by the office of science and technology policy and the homeland security council in preparation for the nation's readiness for a possible radionuclear terrorist attack. the center for biophysical assessment and risk management following irradiation, a consortium of researchers and institutions centered at the university of rochester, has been investigating automated scoring of radiation-induced micronucleus formatio ...201020065686
detecting acute human immunodeficiency virus infection using 3 different screening immunoassays and nucleic acid amplification testing for human immunodeficiency virus rna, 2006-2008.the yield of nucleic acid amplification testing (naat) after routine screening for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antibody to detect acute hiv infection (ahi) may vary with different hiv-antibody assays.201020065201
patients hospitalized with 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) - new york city, may 2009.the first cases of 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) in new york city occurred in april 2009, raising many questions about how best to contain the epidemic. to rapidly assess the severity of influenza illness and identify persons at highest risk for severe infection, the new york city (nyc) department of health and mental hygiene (dohmh) reviewed the medical charts of the first 99 patients with laboratory confirmed h1n1 admitted to any nyc hospital. the purpose of the review was to characterize t ...201020057350
sarcoidosis in world trade center rescue workers presenting with rheumatologic manifestations.the health consequences of the world trade center collapse are unknown, but likely to be significant and may take years to fully appreciate. sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology characterized pathologically by noncaseating granulomas. inciting events, such as infectious agents or possible environmental exposures, have been postulated as the source of antigen exposure initiating an inflammatory cascade. we describe 2 cases of sarcoidosis in rescue workers with si ...201020051752
novel influenza a(h1n1) in a pediatric health care facility in new york city during the first wave of the 2009 pandemic.to describe the burden of care experienced by our pediatric health care facility in new york, new york, from may 3, 2009, to july 31, 2009, during the novel influenza a(h1n1) pandemic that began in spring 2009.201020048238
outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) at a new york city school.in april 2009, an outbreak of novel swine-origin influenza a (2009 h1n1 influenza) occurred at a high school in queens, new york. we describe the outbreak and characterize the clinical and epidemiologic aspects of this novel virus.200920042754
point counterpoint: mandatory flu vaccination for health care workers. 201020032662
point counterpoint: mandatory flu vaccination for health care workers. 201020032661
point counterpoint: mandatory flu vaccination for health care workers. 201020032660
laboratory surge response to pandemic (h1n1) 2009 outbreak, new york city metropolitan area, usa.the north shore-long island jewish health system laboratories serve 15 hospitals and affiliated regional physician practices in the new york city metropolitan area, with virus testing performed at a central reference laboratory. the influenza a pandemic (h1n1) 2009 outbreak began in this area on april 24, 2009, and within weeks respiratory virus testing increased 7.5 times. in response, laboratory and client service workforces were increased, physical plant build-out was completed, testing parad ...201020031036
[743 new york emergency room rotation under the threat of swine flu]. 200920027972
the severity of pandemic h1n1 influenza in the united states, from april to july 2009: a bayesian analysis.accurate measures of the severity of pandemic (h1n1) 2009 influenza (ph1n1) are needed to assess the likely impact of an anticipated resurgence in the autumn in the northern hemisphere. severity has been difficult to measure because jurisdictions with large numbers of deaths and other severe outcomes have had too many cases to assess the total number with confidence. also, detection of severe cases may be more likely, resulting in overestimation of the severity of an average case. we sought to e ...200919997612
this might hurt a little. instead of going to court, healthcare workers should head to a flu-shot clinic. 200919972656
h1n1 influenza: contact investigation burden because of failure to institute influenza precautions in patients with negative rapid influenza diagnostic test results. 201019968491
pleistocene megafaunal collapse, novel plant communities, and enhanced fire regimes in north america.although the north american megafaunal extinctions and the formation of novel plant communities are well-known features of the last deglaciation, the causal relationships between these phenomena are unclear. using the dung fungus sporormiella and other paleoecological proxies from appleman lake, indiana, and several new york sites, we established that the megafaunal decline closely preceded enhanced fire regimes and the development of plant communities that have no modern analogs. the loss of ke ...200919965426
pandemic influenza as 21st century urban public health crisis.the percentage of the world's population living in urban areas will increase from 50% in 2008 to 70% (4.9 billion) in 2025. crowded urban areas in developing and industrialized countries are uniquely vulnerable to public health crises and face daunting challenges in surveillance, response, and public communication. the revised international health regulations require all countries to have core surveillance and response capacity by 2012. innovative approaches are needed because traditional local- ...200919961676
flu fighters to the rescue. 200919960803
novel influenza a (h1n1) outbreak on board a us navy vessel.fleet week new york 2009 was the latest installment of an annual celebration to honor us service personnel. it takes place during memorial day and this year's celebration coincided with the peak of novel influenza a (h1n1) virus (s-oiv) activity in new york city. four service members from the uss iwo jima and uss roosevelt contracted influenza while in new york city and were hospitalized in the department of veterans affairs (va)-new york harbor healthcare system to minimize the risk of widespre ...200919952884
winthrop-university hospital infectious disease division's swine influenza (h1n1) pneumonia diagnostic weighted point score system for hospitalized adults with influenza-like illnesses (ilis) and negative rapid influenza diagnostic tests (ridts).in spring 2009, a novel strain of influenza a originating in veracruz, mexico, quickly spread to the united states and throughout the world. this influenza a virus was the product of gene reassortment of 4 different genetic elements: human influenza, swine influenza, avian influenza, and eurasian swine influenza. in the united states, new york was the epicenter of the swine influenza (h1n1) pandemic. hospital emergency departments (eds) were inundated with patients with influenza-like illnesses ...200919944879
henry frank: pioneer american hebrew publisher. 196819943370
identification of bloodmeals in anopheles quadrimaculatus and anopheles punctipennis from eastern equine encephalitis virus foci in northeastern u.s.a.the host-feeding patterns of anopheles quadrimaculatus say and anopheles punctipennis (say) were examined in order to evaluate their potential contributions to the transmission of eastern equine encephalitis virus (eeev) and other arboviruses in the northeastern u.s.a. engorged mosquitoes of the two species were collected from eeev foci in central new york (ny) and throughout new jersey (nj), and their bloodmeals were identified using a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based assay and sequencing ...200919941600
acute hiv infection - new york city, 2008.acute human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection (ahi) is a highly infectious phase of disease that lasts approximately 2 months and is characterized by nonspecific clinical symptoms. ahi contributes disproportionately to hiv transmission because it is associated with a high level of viremia, despite negative or indeterminate antibody (ab) tests. diagnosis of ahi with individual or pooled nucleic acid amplification tests (p-naat) can enable infected persons to adopt behaviors that reduce hiv t ...200919940835
comparing the national death index and the social security administration's death master file to ascertain death in hiv surveillance.new york city (nyc) maintains a population-based registry of people with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection to monitor the epidemic and inform resource allocation. we evaluated record linkages with the national death index (ndi) and the social security administration's death master file (ssdmf) to find deaths occurring from 2000 through 2004.200919894428
completing the circle: a model for effective community review of environmental health research.while it is well understood that multiple and cumulative environmental stressors negatively impact health at the community level, existing ethical research review procedures are designed to protect individual research participants but not communities. increasing concerns regarding the ethical conduct of research in general and environmental and genetic research in particular underscore the need to expand the scope of current human participant research regulations and ethical guidelines to includ ...200919890159
comparison of clinical features of pediatric respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections. 200919888849
new york requires flu shot for health care workers. 200919858841
molecular studies of do alleles reveal that jo is more prevalent than hy in brazil, whereas hy is more prevalent in new york.because of the scarcity of anti-hy and anti-jo(a), hemagglutination typing for the dombrock blood group system antigens, hy and jo(a), is not feasible. the molecular bases associated with these antigens have been determined, making it possible to distinguish hy and jo from wild-type do. this provides a tool to predict the probable phenotype of patients and to screen for antigen-negative donors. pcr-rflp assays and a microchip assay were used to determine the frequency of hy and jo alleles in don ...200819856715
declining mortality in american crow (corvus brachyrhynchos) following natural west nile virus infection.the american crow (corvus brachyrhynchos) is known to suffer 100% mortality from infection with the new york 1999 strain of west nile virus (wnv). following the initial detection of wnv in north america in 1999, we measured prevalence of wnv-reactive antibodies ("seroprevalence") in free-ranging american and fish crows (corvus ossifragus) of central new jersey after each transmission season through 2005. in 2002, seroprevalence in american crow juveniles increased to 14% from the 5% of the previ ...200919848089
is use of the human papillomavirus vaccine among female college students related to human papillomavirus knowledge and risk perception?few studies have examined factors associated with the actual use of the human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine since licensure in 2006. the aims of this study were to assess hpv vaccination rates and to examine whether knowledge and risk perceptions regarding hpv were associated with the reported use of the hpv vaccine among female college students.201019841004
a system's approach to improve organ donation.using lessons learned from the us department of health and human services national donation breakthrough collaborative, new york-presbyterian healthcare system (nyphs) partnered with 5 donor service areas covering its member hospitals to improve donation across the system. by integrating established communication networks with the "spread" techniques of the breakthrough collaborative, the nyphs identified hospital champions and best practices and established standardized outcome metrics. the imp ...200919813482
santeria and palo mayombe: skulls, mercury, and artifacts.santeria and palo mayombe are syncretic religions created in the new world based upon african religious beliefs combined with christianity. the main worship of palo mayombe involves religious receptacles that may contain earth, sticks, varied artifacts, and animal and human remains. due to the use of human and nonhuman remains, discovery of these items often leads to involvement by the police due to a concern of homicide. we review in detail the medical examiner records of two of these ritualist ...200919804524
for love or money? the saga of korean women who provided eggs for embryonic stem cell research.in 2004 and 2005, woo-suk hwang achieved international stardom with publications in science reporting on successful research involving the creation of stem cells from cloned human embryos. the wonder and success all began to unravel, however, when serious ethical concerns were raised about the source of the eggs for this research. when the egg scandal had completely unfolded, it turned out that many of the women who provided eggs for stem cell research had not provided valid consents and that ne ...200919787440
partial pressures of pcb-11 in air from several great lakes sites.relatively high concentrations of 3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl (pcb-11) have been reported in water and air, and it has been suggested that this compound did not come from commercial pcb products. we report here data on atmospheric partial pressures of pcb-11 and of total pcbs at five sites around the great lakes and demonstrate that both total pcbs and pcb-11 track human population density. in addition, we show that with the exception of chicago, the pcb congener pattern at our sampling sites is best ...200919764206
'when the city is a great field hospital': the influenza pandemic of 1918 and the new york city nursing response.to describe and analyse the nurses' role in responding to the influenza epidemic in new york city in 1918.200919744025
continuing interprofessional education in geriatrics and gerontology in medically underserved areas.there is a widening gap between the health care needs of older persons and the treatment skills of the health care professionals who serve them. this gap is especially severe in rural areas, where there is a shortage of and inadequate collaboration between health care professionals and poor access to services for older persons. there is also a special opportunity in rural areas, particularly those designated as "medically underserved," for continuing interprofessional education as a vehicle for ...200919728386
disparities in tuberculosis between asian/pacific islanders and non-hispanic whites, united states, 1993-2006.the united states (us) national tuberculosis surveillance system (ntss), including 50 states, district of columbia, and new york city.200919723395
use of multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis and phage typing for subtyping of salmonella enteritidis from sporadic human cases in the united states.to investigate the genetic diversity among s. enteritidis isolates from different geographic regions to evaluate the relationship between phage types (pts) and variable number tandem repeat analysis (vntr) loci.201019709332
common genetic variations in the lep and lepr genes, obesity and breast cancer incidence and survival.obesity is a strong risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women and adverse prognostic indicator regardless of menopausal status. leptin is an important regulator of adipose tissue mass and has been associated with tumor cell growth. leptin exerts its effects through interaction with the leptin receptor (lepr). we investigated whether genetic variations in the leptin (lep) and lepr genes are associated with risk of breast cancer, or once diagnosed, with survival. the polymorphisms lep ...201019697123
amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of human clinical isolates of mycobacterium haemophilum from different continents.the role of the species mycobacterium haemophilum as a pathogenic non-tuberculous microorganism is becoming better defined with the use of specific detection methods. however, epidemiological investigations of this species are still scarce. we analysed the genetic diversity of m. haemophilum by amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) typing and compared isolates from different parts of the world. in total, 128 isolates, including 41 from the usa, 51 from australia, 28 from europe and eight ...200919659689
changes in the sociocultural reality of chinese immigrants: challenges and opportunities in help-seeking behaviour.this paper uses findings from a larger study to present a nuanced depiction of the interplay of informal and formal help-seeking processes of a sample of chinese immigrants in their mental healthcare in new york city.201019651695
hpv vaccine acceptability by latino parents: a comparison of u.s. and salvadoran populations.to characterize and compare acceptability of human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccination by latino parents at an urban medical center in the united states and a community hospital in el salvador.200919646665
process and outcomes evaluation of retention strategies within a nursing workforce diversity project.a commitment to enhancing the diversity of the nursing workforce is reflected in the recruitment and retention strategies designed by stony brook university with support of a grant received from the department of health and human services, health resources and services administration. three specific student retention strategies are evaluated in terms of their influence on student inclusion and promotion of student success. a review of the cultural competence of teaching and learning strategies a ...200919645372
the second american cough conference. 201019636621
modern anti-semitism and anti-israeli attitudes.anti-semitism is resurgent throughout much of the world. a new theoretical model of anti-semitism is presented and tested in 3 experiments. the model proposes that mortality salience increases anti-semitism and that anti-semitism often manifests as hostility toward israel. study 1 showed that mortality salience led to greater levels of anti-semitism and lowered support for israel. this effect occurred only in a bogus pipeline condition, indicating that social desirability masks hostility toward ...200919634976
substance use and sexual risk behaviors in perinatally human immunodeficiency virus-exposed youth: roles of caregivers, peers and hiv status.to examine the association between sexual risk behaviors and substance use, as well as the impact of caregiver characteristics and perceived peer norms among perinatally hiv-exposed but uninfected and perinatally hiv-infected youth.200919628139
novel quantitative trait locus is mapped to chromosome 12p11 for left ventricular mass in dominican families: the family study of stroke risk and carotid atherosclerosis.left ventricular mass (lvm) is an important risk factor for stroke and vascular disease. the genetic basis of lvm is unclear although a high heritability has been suggested. we sought to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) for lvm using large dominican families.200919627612
the free condom initiative: promoting condom availability and use in new york city.in 2005, the new york city department of health and mental hygiene (dohmh) made free condoms available to organizations through a web-based ordering system. in 2006, we interviewed managers and patrons about free condom availability, acquisition, and use in venues where people at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus congregate. dohmh condom distribution increased from 5.8 million in 2004 to 17.3 million in 2006. overall, managers reported making condoms available at 76% (309/409) of high-p ...200919618784
the connection: schooling, youth development, and community building-the futures academy case.universities, because of their vast human and fiscal resources, can play the central role in assisting in the development of school-centered community development programs that make youth development their top priority. the futures academy, a k-8 public school in the fruit belt, an inner-city neighborhood in buffalo, new york, offers a useful model of community development in partnership with the center for urban studies at the state university of new york at buffalo. the goal of the project is ...200919593811
segregation, civil rights, and health disparities: the legacy of african american physicians and organized medicine, 1910-1968.between 1910 and 1968, the national medical association (nma) repeatedly clashed with the american medical association (ama) over the latter organization's racial bars to membership and other health policy issues. the nma, founded in 1895 as a nonexclusionary medical society to provide a voice for disenfranchised black physicians and patients, struggled in its early years, during which ama leadership took scant notice of it. but skirmishes ensued over such actions as stigmatizing racial labels i ...200919585919
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