Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| pandemic 2009 influenza a (h1n1) in 71 critically ill pregnant women in california. | we sought to describe the characteristics and clinical management of 71 critically ill pregnant women with pandemic 2009 influenza a (h1n1 [2009 h1n1]). this was a retrospective case series from april 23, 2009, through march 18, 2010, of pregnant women with 2009 h1n1 in intensive care units in california. among 71 critically ill pregnant women with 2009 h1n1, rapid decline in clinical status was noted with a median duration of 1 day from hospital admission to intensive care unit admission. adver ... | 2011 | 21514554 |
| biogeographic and ecological regulation of disease: prevalence of sin nombre virus in island mice is related to island area, precipitation, and predator richness. | the relative roles of top-down and bottom-up forces in affecting disease prevalence in wild hosts is important for understanding disease dynamics and human disease risk. we found that the prevalence of sin nombre virus (snv), the agent of a severe disease in humans (hantavirus pulmonary syndrome), in island deer mice from the eight california channel islands was greater with increased precipitation (a measure of productivity), greater island area, and fewer species of rodent predators. in findin ... | 2011 | 21508614 |
| tobacco litter costs and public policy: a framework and methodology for considering the use of fees to offset abatement costs. | growing concern over the costs, environmental impact and safety of tobacco product litter (tpl) has prompted states and cities to undertake a variety of policy initiatives, of which litter abatement fees are part. the present work describes a framework and methodology for calculating tpl costs and abatement fees. | 2011 | 21504923 |
| what is the role of human contamination by environmental chemicals in the development of type 1 diabetes? | the increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes (t1d) in children around the world is unexplained. even though various environmental chemicals have been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes as well as other autoimmune diseases, the possibility that environmental chemicals may contribute to the development of t1d has not been adequately evaluated. there is preliminary epidemiological evidence that exposure to certain chemicals, such as n-nitroso compounds, air pollutants and persistent organi ... | 2011 | 21502091 |
| the spice of life: an analysis of nutmeg exposures in california. | nutmeg is widely used as a household spice. numerous citations in the medical literature report its abuse as a psychoactive agent, primarily for its purported hallucinogenic effects that are thought to be due to the compound myristicin; these are primarily limited to case reports. | 2011 | 21495887 |
| high postnatal exposures to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) via breast milk in california: does bde-209 transfer to breast milk? | breast milk samples collected during 2003-2005 from 82 first-time mothers in 24 communities located throughout california contained levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (∑(tri-hexa (8))pbdes; median = 53.3 ng/g lw, range = 9.60-1291) and polychlorinated biphenyls (∑(12)pcbs; median = 73.4 ng/g lw, range = 22.2-433) that are among the highest in the world. pbde levels varied 100-fold. bde-47 was the dominant pbde congener, with levels exceeding the u.s.epa reference dose (rfd) for neurodevelo ... | 2011 | 21495631 |
| blood-feeding patterns of the culex pipiens complex in sacramento and yolo counties, california. | mosquitoes in the culex pipiens complex are competent vectors of west nile virus (wnv; family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus) in the laboratory, and field-collected mosquitoes have tested positive for the virus in california and elsewhere. a better understanding of cx. pipiens complex blood-feeding patterns will help define the threat that these mosquitoes pose to human health and their role in wnv amplification in northern california. we collected blood-engorged cx. pipiens complex mosquitoes f ... | 2011 | 21485380 |
| a review of adult mortality due to 2009 pandemic (h1n1) influenza a in california. | while children and young adults had the highest attack rates due to 2009 pandemic (h1n1) influenza a (2009 h1n1), studies of hospitalized cases noted high fatality in older adults. we analyzed california public health surveillance data to better characterize the populations at risk for dying due to 2009 h1n1. | 2011 | 21483677 |
| decision-making style and gender moderation of the self-efficacy-condom use link among adolescents and young adults: informing targeted sti/hiv prevention programs. | to test the moderating effects of decision-making style and gender on the relationship between condom use self-efficacy (cuse) and condom use behavior among sexually active adolescents and young adults. | 2011 | 21464380 |
| a novel member of the family hepeviridae from cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii). | beginning in 1988, the chinook salmon embryo (chse-214) cell line was used to isolate a novel virus from spawning adult trout in the state of california, usa. termed the cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii) virus (ctv), the small, round virus was not associated with disease, but was subsequently found to be present in an increasing number of trout populations in the western usa, likely by a combination of improved surveillance activities and the shipment of infected eggs to new locations. here ... | 2011 | 21458509 |
| food packaging and bisphenol a and bis(2-ethyhexyl) phthalate exposure: findings from a dietary intervention. | bisphenol a (bpa) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (dehp) are high-production-volume chemicals used in plastics and resins for food packaging. they have been associated with endocrine disruption in animals and in some human studies. human exposure sources have been estimated, but the relative contribution of dietary exposure to total intake has not been studied empirically. | 2011 | 21450549 |
| professor emeritus philip sunshine: a true renaissance man. | 2011 | 21448190 | |
| human disturbance influences reproductive success and growth rate in california sea lions (zalophus californianus). | the environment is currently undergoing changes at both global (e.g., climate change) and local (e.g., tourism, pollution, habitat modification) scales that have the capacity to affect the viability of animal and plant populations. many of these changes, such as human disturbance, have an anthropogenic origin and therefore may be mitigated by management action. to do so requires an understanding of the impact of human activities and changing environmental conditions on population dynamics. we in ... | 2011 | 21436887 |
| antiretroviral therapy adherence, medication use, and health care costs during 3 years of a community pharmacy medication therapy management program for medi-cal beneficiaries with hiv/aids. | the types of pharmacist-provided medication therapy management (mtm) services provided to patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (hiv/aids) and the effects of mtm on medication adherence and patient outcomes have only recently begun to be studied. although available studies suggest that patients receiving mtm services have better antiretroviral therapy (art) adherence and outcomes, only 1 study has examined a large group of patients with hiv/aids, and none ... | 2011 | 21434698 |
| image cytometric validation of breast carcinoma markers (er, her2 and mib-1) using tissue microarrays: rabbit monoclonal vs. fda-approved antibodies. | to use the acis iii (dako, carpinteria, california, u.s.a.) with tissue microarrays (tmas) to compare rabbit monoclonal antibodies (rmab) for er, her2, and mib-1 with fda-approved monoclonal (fmab) and polyclonal (fpab) antibodies. | 2010 | 21434519 |
| planning for the control of pandemic influenza a (h1n1) in los angeles county and the united states. | mathematical and computer models can provide guidance to public health officials by projecting the course of an epidemic and evaluating control measures. the authors built upon an existing collaboration between an academic research group and the los angeles county, california, department of public health to plan for and respond to the first and subsequent years of pandemic influenza a (h1n1) circulation. the use of models allowed the authors to 1) project the timing and magnitude of the epidemic ... | 2011 | 21427173 |
| ubiquitin-proteasome profiling for enhanced detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic liver disease. | a reliable test for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) could improve disease management. recent reports suggested a link between abnormalities in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (ups) and hcc. we investigated the potential of using ups markers, along with hcc markers, to differentiate hcc from chronic liver disease (cld). | 2011 | 21418304 |
| girls incorporated of alameda county at 50: a voice for girls (1958-2008). | girls incorporated of alameda county is nonprofit human service organization that has delivered education, counseling, and advocacy services to girls aged 6 to 18 for 50 years. the organization began as a small, local girls club and has grown into a large multi-faceted service delivery organization attached to a national governing body. the history of girls incorporated of alameda county introduces struggles in relation to external and internal factors that altered the way that the agency financ ... | 2011 | 21416431 |
| human papillomavirus (hpv) genotypes in women with cervical precancer and cancer at kaiser permanente northern california. | the human papillomavirus (hpv) persistence and progression cohort is a natural history study of carcinogenic hpv positive women. here, we present the hpv genotypes found in first ~500 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (cin3) or more severe disease (cin3+) diagnosed at the study baseline. | 2011 | 21415357 |
| coastal pollution limits pelagic larval dispersal. | the ecological impact of large coastal human populations on marine ecosystems remains relatively unknown. here, we examine the population structure of patiria miniata, the bat star, and correlate genetic distances with a model based on flow rates and proximity to p. miniata populations for the four major stormwater runoff and wastewater effluent sources of the southern california bight. we show that overall genetic connectivity is high (f(st)~0.005); however, multivariate analyses show that gene ... | 2011 | 21407192 |
| zoonotic pathogens isolated from wild animals and environmental samples at two california wildlife hospitals. | to determine types and estimate prevalence of potentially zoonotic enteric pathogens shed by wild animals admitted to either of 2 wildlife hospitals and to characterize distribution of these pathogens and of aerobic bacteria in a hospital environment. | 2011 | 21401435 |
| direct measurement of perchlorate exposure biomarkers in a highly exposed population: a pilot study. | exposure to perchlorate is ubiquitous in the united states and has been found to be widespread in food and drinking water. people living in the lower colorado river region may have perchlorate exposure because of perchlorate in ground water and locally-grown produce. relatively high doses of perchlorate can inhibit iodine uptake and impair thyroid function, and thus could impair neurological development in utero. we examined human exposures to perchlorate in the imperial valley among individuals ... | 2011 | 21394205 |
| building regional threat-based networks for estuaries in the western united states. | estuaries are ecologically and economically valuable and have been highly degraded from both land and sea. estuarine habitats in the coastal zone are under pressure from a range of human activities. in the united states and elsewhere, very few conservation plans focused on estuaries are regional in scope; fewer still address threats to estuary long term viability.we have compiled basic information about the spatial extent of threats to identify commonalities. to do this we classify estuaries int ... | 2011 | 21387006 |
| a brief history of the bioengineering institute of california and the uc system-wide symposia. | the plan to establish a multicampus research unit (mru) on bioengineering in the university of california (uc) system started in august 1999. the cooperative efforts of the uc campuses led to the formal establishment of the bioengineering institute of california (bic) in october 2003. three years prior to the bic establishment, the system-wide annual bioengineering symposium was started at uc davis. the symposia were then hosted sequentially by uc santa barbara, uc berkeley, ucsd, uc santa cruz, ... | 2011 | 21384235 |
| teaching about genetic testing issues in the undergraduate classroom: a case study. | educating undergraduates about current genetic testing and genomics can involve novel and creative teaching practices. the higher education literature describes numerous pedagogical approaches in the laboratory designed to engage science and liberal arts students. often these experiences involve students analyzing their own genes for various polymorphisms, some of which are associated with disease states such as an increased risk for developing cancer. while the literature acknowledges possible ... | 2011 | 21373958 |
| differences in prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi and anaplasma spp. infection among host-seeking dermacentor occidentalis, ixodes pacificus, and ornithodoros coriaceus ticks in northwestern california. | previous studies revealed that the pacific coast tick (dermacentor occidentalis) is infected occasionally with the agents of lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi) or human granulocytic anaplasmosis (anaplasma phagocytophilum) and that it is an inefficient experimental vector of b. burgdorferi. the relationship of the pajahuello tick (ornithodoros coriaceus) to each of these bacterial zoonotic agents has not been reported. the primary bridging vector of both bacterial zoonotic agents to humans is t ... | 2010 | 21359090 |
| sea water intrusion by sea-level rise: scenarios for the 21st century. | this study presents a method to assess the contributions of 21st-century sea-level rise and groundwater extraction to sea water intrusion in coastal aquifers. sea water intrusion is represented by the landward advance of the 10,000 mg/l iso-salinity line, a concentration of dissolved salts that renders groundwater unsuitable for human use. a mathematical formulation of the resolution of sea water intrusion among its causes was quantified via numerical simulation under scenarios of change in grou ... | 2011 | 21352208 |
| statewide estimation of racial/ethnic populations of men who have sex with men in the u.s. | men who have sex with men (msm) bear the greatest burden of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in every state in the u.s., but their populations are poorly defined. we estimated and compared populations of msm in 2007 by region, state, and race/ethnicity. | 2011 | 21351396 |
| variable risk of cervical precancer and cancer after a human papillomavirus-positive test. | to explore the effect of screening history on the risk of cervical precancer and cancer after an human papillomavirus (hpv)-positive test. | 2011 | 21343769 |
| epidemiology of 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) in the united states. | in april 2009, the centers for disease control and prevention confirmed 2 cases of 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) virus infection in children from southern california, marking the beginning of what would be the first influenza pandemic of the twenty-first century. this report describes the epidemiology of the 2009 h1n1 pandemic in the united states, including characterization of cases, fluctuations of disease burden over the course of a year, the age distribution of illness and severe outcomes ... | 2011 | 21342884 |
| 2009 h1n1 influenza pandemic: field and epidemiologic investigations in the united states at the start of the first pandemic of the 21st century. | in april, 2009, cdc identified a novel influenza a virus detected from 2 children with febrile respiratory illness in southern california. the virus quickly emerged and spread globally and by 5 may, confirmed cases had been reported from 41 us states and 21 countries worldwide. since the virus had never been identified before, little was known about the characteristics of the virus and how the pandemic would progress-would it be severe, how efficient would viral transmission be, would transmissi ... | 2011 | 21342879 |
| cxcl5 plasma levels decrease in patients with chronic liver disease. | cxcl5 (chemokine [c-x-c motif] ligand 5, also known as epithelial neutrophil-activating peptide 78 [ena78]) belongs to the cxc chemokine family and has been shown to have promitotic effects on hepatocytes. the aim of our study was to assess cxcl5 plasma levels in patients with chronic liver disease. | 2011 | 21332547 |
| genetic testing for aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 deficiency in young adults. | 2011 | 21321583 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus testing during bronchiolitis episodes of care in an integrated health care delivery system: a retrospective cohort study. | bronchiolitis has the highest incidence rate of any lower respiratory infection among infants and children <2 years of age. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common etiology of bronchiolitis. the american academy of pediatrics does not recommend routine rsv testing for infants and children with bronchiolitis. the clinical predictors of rsv testing are unknown. objectives: the aims of this study were to identify the rates and predictors of rsv testing during bronchiolitis and to explo ... | 2010 | 21316538 |
| timely detection of localized excess influenza activity in northern california across patient care, prescription, and laboratory data. | timely detection of clusters of localized influenza activity in excess of background seasonal levels could improve situational awareness for public health officials and health systems. however, no single data type may capture influenza activity with optimal sensitivity, specificity, and timeliness, and it is unknown which data types could be most useful for surveillance. we compared the performance of 10 types of electronic clinical data for timely detection of influenza clusters throughout the ... | 2011 | 21312219 |
| effects of management of domestic dogs and recreation on carnivores in protected areas in northern california. | in developed countries dogs (canis lupus familiaris) are permitted to accompany human visitors to many protected areas (e.g., >96% of protected lands in california, u.s.a.), and protected-area management often focuses on regulating dogs due to concerns about predation, competition, or transmission of disease and conflicts with human visitors. in 2004 and 2005, we investigated whether carnivore species richness and abundance were associated with management of domestic dogs and recreational visita ... | 2011 | 21309853 |
| genetics behind barbed wire: masuo kodani, émigré geneticists, and wartime genetics research at manzanar relocation center. | this article explores the sociopolitical backdrop of genetics research during the politically turbulent decades of the mid-20th century that saw the persecution, displacement, and relocation of unpopular minorities in both the united states and europe. it explores how geneticists in the united states accommodated these disruptions through formal and informal émigré networks and how the subsequent war affected their research programs and their lives. it does so by focusing on the career and life ... | 2011 | 21307394 |
| identification of group affinity from cross-sectional contours of the human midfacial skeleton using digital morphometrics and 3d laser scanning technology. | identifying group affinity from human crania is a long-standing problem in forensic and physical anthropology. many craniofacial differences used in forensic skeletal identification are difficult to quantify, although certain measurements of the midfacial skeleton have shown high predictive value for group classifications. this study presents a new method for analyzing midfacial shape variation between different geographic groups. three-dimensional laser scan models of 90 crania from three popul ... | 2011 | 21306381 |
| evaluation of the performance characteristics of 6 rapid hiv antibody tests. | since 2002, the us food and drug administration has approved 6 rapid human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) tests for use in the united states. to date, there has been no direct comparison of the performance of all 6 tests. | 2011 | 21288853 |
| comparison of anthropometry of u.s. electric utility field-workers with north american general populations. | the primary purpose of this study was to determine whether conventional anthropometric databases of the u.s. general population are applicable to the population of u.s. electric utility field-workers. | 2010 | 21284367 |
| spatial patterns of fishing effort off san diego: implications for zonal management and ecosystem function. | the essence of ecosystem-based management is managing human practices to conserve the ecosystem. ecologists focus on understanding the ecosystem, but there are fundamental information gaps including patterns of human exploitation. in particular, the spatial distribution of fishing effort must be known at the scales needed for ecologically relevant management. fishing is a primary impact on coastal ecosystems, yet catch distribution at scales relevant to habitats and processes are not well known ... | 2010 | 21265452 |
| pilot biomonitoring of adults and children following use of chlorpyrifos shampoo and flea collars on dogs. | pesticide handlers and pet owners who use products such as shampoos and dips and insecticide-impregnated collars to treat and control fleas on companion animals are exposed to a variety of active ingredients. chlorpyrifos exposures of adults and children were measured using urine biomonitoring following use of over-the-counter products on dogs. age and gender-specific measurements of urinary 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (tcpy) revealed modest elevations of biomarker excretion following shampoo/ ... | 2011 | 21240711 |
| foramen magnum ontogeny in homo sapiens: a functional matrix perspective. | historically, the foramen magnum (fm) has been an integral component of studies on skull ontogeny and evolutionary transformations of cranial form. although this foramen has been considered a single entity, we hypothesize that it comprises two functional matrices, a ventral matrix and a dorsal matrix. in general, the ventral matrix is related to locomotor functions, whereas the dorsal matrix is related to neurological functions and fluid flow dynamics. to test our hypothesis, we used a large ont ... | 2010 | 21234994 |
| the humoral immune response of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients to as03-adjuvanted a/california/7/2009 (h1n1)v-like virus vaccine during the 2009 pandemic. | we evaluated the formation of hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) antibodies in response to vaccination of 55 allogeneic and 23 autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) recipients with 3.75 μg inactivated influenza a/california/7/2009 (h1n1)v-like virus adjuvanted with as03, given towards the end of the 2009 influenza pandemic. the 78 hsct recipients, aged 11-72 (median 50) years, were vaccinated 1-290 (median 27) months post-hsct. of the 55 allogeneic hsct recipients, 50.9% receiv ... | 2011 | 21216315 |
| angiopoietin-like 4 (angptl4) gene polymorphisms and risk of brain arteriovenous malformations. | brain arteriovenous malformations (bavm) are high-flow vascular lesions prone to intracranial hemorrhage (ich). abnormal angiogenesis is a key characteristic of bavm tissue. angiopoietin-like 4 (angptl4), a secreted glycoprotein, is thought to be involved in angiogenesis and required for proper postnatal blood vessel partitioning. we investigated whether common single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in angptl4 were associated with risk of bavm or ich. | 2011 | 21212665 |
| a novel risk factor for a novel virus: obesity and 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1). | many critically ill patients with 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) (2009 h1n1) infection were noted to be obese, but whether obesity, rather than its associated co-morbidities, is an independent risk factor for severe infection is unknown. | 2011 | 21208911 |
| risk of cervical precancer and cancer in women aged 30 years and older with an hpv-negative low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion screening result. | to characterize the 6- and 18-month cumulative risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (cin 2+) and grade 3 or worse (cin 3+) in women aged 30 years and older after a low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (lsil) cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv)-negative screening result in routine clinical practice. | 2011 | 21192178 |
| employment. plan abused its discretion by denying man disability benefits. | 2010 | 21188743 | |
| genetic diversity of borrelia burgdorferi and detection of b. bissettii-like dna in serum of north-coastal california residents. | in north america, lyme borreliosis (lb) is a tick-borne disease caused by infection with the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. we studied the genetic diversity of lb spirochetes in north-coastal california residents. spirochete dna was detected in 23.7% (27/114) of the study subjects using a pcr protocol optimized for increased sensitivity in human sera. californians were most commonly infected with b. burgdorferi ospc genotype a, a globally widespread spirochete associated with high virulence in ... | 2010 | 21177909 |
| incorporation of spatial and economic analyses of human-use data in the design of marine protected areas. | social, economic, and ecological criteria contribute to the successful design, implementation, and management of marine protected areas (mpas). in the context of california's marine life protection act initiative, we developed a set of methods for collecting, compiling, and analyzing data about the spatial extent and relative economic importance of commercial and recreational fishing. we interviewed 174 commercial fishers who represented the major fisheries in the initiative's north-central coas ... | 2010 | 21175829 |
| an academic-community partnership to improve care for the underserved. | despite the need for a robust primary care workforce, the number of students and residents choosing general internal medicine careers continues to decline. in this article, the authors describe their efforts at the university of california, davis school of medicine to bolster interest in internal medicine careers and improve the quality of care for medically underserved populations through a tailored third-year residency track developed in partnership with the sacramento county department of hea ... | 2011 | 21169777 |
| impact of urbanization and agriculture on the occurrence of bacterial pathogens and stx genes in coastal waterbodies of central california. | fecal pollution enters coastal waters through multiple routes, many of which originate from land-based activities. runoff from pervious and impervious land surfaces transports pollutants from land to sea and can cause impairment of coastal ocean waters. to understand how land use practices and water characteristics influence concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (fib) and pathogens in natural waters, fourteen coastal streams, rivers, and tidal lagoons, surrounded by variable land use and an ... | 2010 | 21168181 |
| weighing the evidence for newborn screening for hemoglobin h disease. | to conduct a systematic review to assist the united states secretary of health and human services advisory committee on heritable disorders in newborns and children (sachdnc) to determine whether hemoglobin h screening should be included among the core recommended conditions for newborn screening. | 2010 | 21167500 |
| safety and immunogenicity of a trivalent single dose seasonal influenza vaccine containing pandemic a(h1n1) antigen in younger and elderly subjects: a phase iii open-label single-arm study. | during the pandemic of the 2009 a(h1n1) influenza virus strain, 20-40% of the population in some areas were infected. infection with a(h1n1) may be mild, with an average case fatality rate below 0.25%, but severe disease is not limited to patients with underlying medical conditions. since a(h1n1) is expected to continue to circulate it is included in the seasonal influenza vaccines for the 2010-2011 winter season. we investigated the immunogenicity and safety of a preservative-free non-adjuvante ... | 2010 | 21167116 |
| serious psychological distress and diabetes care among california adults. | to evaluate three aspects of diabetes care (foot checks, eye examinations, and hemoglobin a 1 c checks by a physician) among california adults with type 2 diabetes and serious psychological distress (spd). | 2010 | 21166335 |
| limited novel influenza a (h1n1) 09 infection in travelling high-school tour group. | a single case of novel influenza a (h1n1) 09 infection was identified by pcr among a new zealand high-school group that toured california in april 2009. close monitoring of the tour group and their new zealand contacts identified 11 other tour members with respiratory symptoms who were investigated. in all nine instances where nasopharyngeal swabs were indicated, tests were negative for novel influenza a (h1n1) 09 by pcr. | 2011 | 21138540 |
| defining asbestos: differences between the built and natural environments. | asbestos - while most think they know what this material is, few understand the current issues surrounding it. few would also realize that asbestos is the form of a mineral, and even fewer would know that there are different types of asbestos, that not only had different industrial applications, but pose differing health risks when inhaled. asbestos was in wide-spread use mid-last century in many consumer products, and no doubt saved thousands of lives, but by the latter part of last century con ... | 2010 | 21138165 |
| a marginal structural model to estimate the causal effect of antidepressant medication treatment on viral suppression among homeless and marginally housed persons with hiv. | depression strongly predicts nonadherence to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) antiretroviral therapy, and adherence is essential to maintaining viral suppression. this suggests that pharmacologic treatment of depression may improve virologic outcomes. however, previous longitudinal observational analyses have inadequately adjusted for time-varying confounding by depression severity, which could yield biased estimates of treatment effect. application of marginal structural modeling to longitudi ... | 2010 | 21135328 |
| pon1 and neurodevelopment in children from the chamacos study exposed to organophosphate pesticides in utero. | paraoxonase 1 (pon1) detoxifies oxon derivatives of some organophosphate (op) pesticides, and its genetic polymorphisms influence enzyme activity and quantity. we previously reported that maternal urinary concentrations of dialkyl phosphate (dap) metabolites, a marker of op pesticide exposure, were related to poorer mental development and maternally reported symptoms consistent with pervasive developmental disorder (pdd) in 2-year-olds participating in the center for the health assessment of mot ... | 2010 | 21126941 |
| gait-specific energetics contributes to economical walking and running in emus and ostriches. | a widely held assumption is that metabolic rate (ė(met)) during legged locomotion is linked to the mechanics of different gaits and this linkage helps explain the preferred speeds of animals in nature. however, despite several prominent exceptions, ė(met) of walking and running vertebrates has been nearly uniformly characterized as increasing linearly with speed across all gaits. this description of locomotor energetics does not predict energetically optimal speeds for minimal cost of transport ... | 2010 | 21123267 |
| pandemic (h1n1) 2009 infection in patients with hematologic malignancy. | to assess outcomes of patients with hematologic malignancy and pandemic (h1n1) 2009 infection, we reviewed cases during june-december 2009 at the university of california san francisco medical center. seventeen (63%) and 10 (37%) patients had upper respiratory tract infection (urti) and lower respiratory tract infection (lrti), respectively. cough (85%) and fever (70%) were the most common signs; 19% of patients had nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. sixty-five percent of urti patients were outpatie ... | 2010 | 21122221 |
| nanotechnology and nanomaterials: toxicology, risk assessment, and regulations. | nanomaterials have very unique chemical and physical properties that suggest potential health hazards, but limited health and safety information exists for engineered nanomaterials. this review identifies a need for expanding efforts for addressing health and safety concerns in nanotechnology development and in nanotoxicology of engineered nanomaterials. the efforts include research to generate data for safety evaluation, toxicologic evaluation of potential human health effects, risk assessment ... | 2010 | 21121378 |
| vector-host interactions governing epidemiology of west nile virus in southern california. | southern california remains an important focus of west nile virus (wnv) activity, with persistently elevated incidence after invasion by the virus in 2003 and subsequent amplification to epidemic levels in 2004. eco-epidemiological studies of vectors-hosts-pathogen interactions are of paramount importance for better understanding of the transmission dynamics of wnv and other emerging mosquito-borne arboviruses. we investigated vector-host interactions and host-feeding patterns of 531 blood-engor ... | 2010 | 21118934 |
| a multidisciplinary organ donor council and performance improvement initiative can improve donation outcomes. | the shortage of organs available for transplantation has become a national crisis. the department of health and human services established performance benchmarks for timely notification, donation after cardiac death (dcd), and conversion rates (total donors/eligible deaths) to guide organ procurement organizations and donor hospitals in their attempts to increase the number of transplantable organs. in january 2007, an organ donor council (odc) with an ongoing performance improvement case review ... | 2010 | 21105609 |
| economic conditions predict prevalence of west nile virus. | understanding the conditions underlying the proliferation of infectious diseases is crucial for mitigating future outbreaks. since its arrival in north america in 1999, west nile virus (wnv) has led to population-wide declines of bird species, morbidity and mortality of humans, and expenditures of millions of dollars on treatment and control. to understand the environmental conditions that best explain and predict wnv prevalence, we employed recently developed spatial modeling techniques in a re ... | 2010 | 21103053 |
| lifetime risks of specific breast cancer subtypes among women in four racial/ethnic groups. | breast cancer comprises clinically distinct subtypes, but most risk statistics consider breast cancer only as a single entity. to estimate subtype-specific lifetime breast cancer risks, we took advantage of population-based data for which information regarding tumor expression of estrogen receptor (er), progesterone receptor (pr) and her2/neu (her2) was newly available. | 2010 | 21092082 |
| higher levels of gata3 predict better survival in women with breast cancer. | the gata family members are zinc finger transcription factors involved in cell differentiation and proliferation. gata3 in particular is necessary for mammary gland maturation, and its loss has been implicated in breast cancer development. our goal was to validate the ability of gata3 expression to predict survival in breast cancer patients. protein expression of gata3 was analyzed on a high-density tissue microarray consisting of 242 cases of breast cancer. we associated gata3 expression with p ... | 2010 | 21078439 |
| infant botulism in australia: availability of human botulinum antitoxin for treatment. | we report the first australian case of treatment of infant botulism with a human botulinum antitoxin developed in the united states by the california department of public health. our patient's clinical improvement was rapid, and although the product is expensive, cost-analysis supports the economical viability of its use. in future cases of suspected infant botulism, we recommend that australian clinicians promptly obtain and administer this antitoxin to their patient. | 2010 | 21077820 |
| 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) virus infection in postpartum women in california. | the objective of the study was to characterize severe illness because of the 2009 pandemic influenza a (h1n1) infection in postpartum women. | 2010 | 21074132 |
| response of melon fly (diptera: tephritidae) to weathered splat-spinosad-cue-lure. | studies were conducted in hawaii to measure attraction of male melon fly, bactrocera cucurbitae (coquillett) (diptera: tephritidae), to splat-cue-lure (c-l) and splat-melo-lure (m-l) (raspberry ketone formate). direct field comparisons of splat-c-l and splat-m-l at low (5%) and high (20%) concentrations indicated few differences in attraction over a 15-wk period. subsequently, only splat-spinosad-c-l (5%) was compared with min-u-gel c-l with naled (standard used in california) in weathering stud ... | 2010 | 21061958 |
| 'gay boy talk' meets 'girl talk': hiv risk assessment assumptions in young gay men's sexual health communication with best friends. | young adults, particularly young gay men (ygm), are vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). yet, little is known about how ygm discuss sexual health issues with their friends ('gay boy talk'). we conducted semi-structured interviews with ygm and their best friends (11 ygm/ygm dyads and 13 ygm/heterosexual female dyads). in this paper, we examine risk assessment assumptions conveyed within ygm's communication about sexual health with their friends and how, if at all, the sexual scripts ... | 2010 | 21059803 |
| clinical signs, imaging features, neuropathology, and outcome in cats and dogs with central nervous system cryptococcosis from california. | cryptococcus spp. is a fungal pathogen with a predilection for the central nervous system (cns). | 2010 | 21054543 |
| the accuracy of noninvasive and continuous total hemoglobin measurement by pulse co-oximetry in human subjects undergoing hemodilution. | total hemoglobin (thb) is one the most frequently ordered laboratory measurements. pulse co-oximetry™ (masimo corp., irvine, ca) is a multi-wavelength spectrophotometric method for noninvasive and continuous hemoglobin monitoring (sphb). in this study, we evaluated the accuracy of sphb compared with laboratory co-oximeter measurement of thb from arterial blood samples in 20 healthy volunteer subjects undergoing hemodilution. | 2010 | 21048100 |
| children hospitalized with 2009 novel influenza a(h1n1) in california. | to describe clinical and epidemiologic features of 2009 novel influenza a(h1n1) in children. | 2010 | 21041595 |
| sentinel chicken seroconversions track tangential transmission of west nile virus to humans in the greater los angeles area of california. | in los angeles, california, west nile virus (wnv) has followed a pattern of emergence, amplification, subsidence, and resurgence. a time series cross-correlation analysis of human case counts and sentinel chicken seroconversions revealed temporal concordance indicating that chicken seroconversions tracked tangential transmission of wnv from the basic passeriform-culex amplification cycle to humans rather than antecedent enzootic amplification. sentinel seroconversions provided the location and t ... | 2010 | 21036853 |
| longitudinal prevalence and molecular typing of escherichia coli o157:h7 by use of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in fecal samples collected from a range-based herd of beef cattle in california. | to evaluate seasonal patterns and risk factors for escherichia coli o157:h7 in feces in a beef cattle herd and determine strain diversity and transition in e coli over time by use of multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (mlva) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). | 2010 | 21034325 |
| ultrafine particle concentrations and exposures in seven residences in northern california. | human exposures to ultrafine particles (ufp) are poorly characterized given the potential associated health risks. residences are important sites of exposure. to characterize residential exposures to ufp in some circumstances and to investigate governing factors, seven single-family houses in california were studied during 2007-2009. during multiday periods, time-resolved particle number concentrations were monitored indoors and outdoors and information was acquired concerning occupancy, source- ... | 2010 | 21029183 |
| the relatedness of hiv epidemics in the united states-mexico border region. | phylogeography can improve the understanding of local and worldwide hiv epidemics, including the migration of subepidemics across national borders. we analyzed hiv-1 sequences sampled from mexico and san diego, california to determine the relatedness of these epidemics. we sampled the hiv epidemics in (1) mexico by downloading all publicly available hiv-1 pol sequences from antiretroviral-naive individuals in genbank (n = 100) and generating similar sequences from cohorts of injection drug users ... | 2010 | 20977301 |
| pilot study of the antiplatelet effect of increased clopidogrel maintenance dosing and its relationship to cyp2c19 genotype in patients with high on-treatment reactivity. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel 150 mg/day in patients with high on-treatment reactivity (otr) and to further assess this effect according to cyp2c19 genotype. | 2010 | 20965456 |
| virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of enterovirus 71. | first isolated in california, usa, in 1969, enterovirus 71 (ev71) is a major public health issue across the asia-pacific region and beyond. the virus, which is closely related to polioviruses, mostly affects children and causes hand, foot, and mouth disease with neurological and systemic complications. specific receptors for this virus are found on white blood cells, cells in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, and dendritic cells. being an rna virus, ev71 lacks a proofreading mechanism ... | 2010 | 20961813 |
| asian ethnicity and breast cancer subtypes: a study from the california cancer registry. | the distribution of breast cancer molecular subtypes has been shown to vary by race/ethnicity, highlighting the importance of host factors in breast tumor biology. we undertook the current analysis to determine population-based distributions of breast cancer subtypes among six ethnic asian groups in california. we defined immunohistochemical (ihc) surrogates for each breast cancer subtype among chinese, japanese, filipina, korean, vietnamese, and south asian patients diagnosed with incident, pri ... | 2010 | 20957431 |
| effects of an invasive forest pathogen on abundance of ticks and their vertebrate hosts in a california lyme disease focus. | invasive species, including pathogens, can have important effects on local ecosystems, including indirect consequences on native species. this study focuses on the effects of an invasive plant pathogen on a vertebrate community and ixodes pacificus, the vector of the lyme disease pathogen (borrelia burgdorferi) in california. phytophthora ramorum, the causative agent of sudden oak death, is a non-native pathogen killing trees in california and oregon. we conducted a multi-year study using a grad ... | 2010 | 20941513 |
| study protocol: the adherence and intensification of medications (aim) study--a cluster randomized controlled effectiveness study. | many patients with diabetes have poor blood pressure (bp) control. pharmacological therapy is the cornerstone of effective bp treatment, yet there are high rates both of poor medication adherence and failure to intensify medications. successful medication management requires an effective partnership between providers who initiate and increase doses of effective medications and patients who adhere to the regimen. | 2010 | 20939913 |
| association of st2 levels with cardiac structure and function and mortality in outpatients. | st2, an interleukin-1 receptor family member up-regulated in the setting of cardiomyocyte strain, has prognostic value in patients with acute myocardial infarction, chronic severe heart failure, and acute heart failure. the predictive value of st2 levels in outpatients is unknown. we studied the clinical and echocardiographic correlates of st2 levels and evaluated their prognostic use in outpatients referred for echocardiograms. | 2010 | 20934567 |
| probing transplant and living donor candidates about their participation in organ vending. | the selling of human organs for transplant is illegal in the united states and in most countries; however, such transactions still occur. transplant hospitals and their personnel have multiple ethical duties, including (1) protecting the safety of their living donors and transplant recipients and (2) protecting the integrity of living donation and transplantation as clinical practices. to date, few psychosocial screening tools exist that pertain specifically to a person's risk or intent of pursu ... | 2010 | 20929116 |
| the saga of our times-government inaction on self-referral: are we getting closer to a solution? | 2010 | 20889099 | |
| flt3 mutation incidence and timing of origin in a population case series of pediatric leukemia. | mutations in flt3 result in activated tyrosine kinase activity, cell growth stimulation, and a poor prognosis among various subtypes of leukemia. the causes and timing of the mutations are not currently known. we evaluated the prevalence and timing of origin of flt3 mutations in a population series of childhood leukemia patients from northern california. | 2010 | 20875128 |
| a regional mass balance of methylmercury in san francisco bay, california, usa. | the san francisco bay (california, usa) is a water body listed as impaired because of hg contamination in sport fish for human consumption, as well as possible effects on resident wildlife. a legacy of hg mining in local watersheds and hg used in au mining in the sierra nevada (usa) has contributed to contamination seen in the bay, with additional more recent and ongoing inputs from various sources. methylmercury is the species of hg most directly responsible for contamination in biota, so bette ... | 2011 | 20872899 |
| early inflammatory and metabolic changes in association with agtr1 polymorphisms in prehypertensive subjects. | the seventh joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in 2003 created a prehypertension category for persons with blood pressures ranging from systolic blood pressure (sbp) of 120-139 mm hg or diastolic blood pressure (dbp) from 80 to 89 mm hg, due to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. | 2010 | 20864943 |
| a rapid, strong, and convergent genetic response to urban habitat fragmentation in four divergent and widespread vertebrates. | urbanization is a major cause of habitat fragmentation worldwide. ecological and conservation theory predicts many potential impacts of habitat fragmentation on natural populations, including genetic impacts. habitat fragmentation by urbanization causes populations of animals and plants to be isolated in patches of suitable habitat that are surrounded by non-native vegetation or severely altered vegetation, asphalt, concrete, and human structures. this can lead to genetic divergence between patc ... | 2010 | 20862274 |
| continuous subcutaneous instillation of bupivacaine compared to saline reduces interleukin 10 and increases substance p in surgical wounds after cesarean delivery. | recent evidence suggests that locally delivered local anesthetics may exert tissue-damaging effects such as chondrolysis after intraarticular injection. alteration of the inflammatory response is a potential mechanism for local anesthetic-induced tissue toxicity. in this study, we tested the effects of continuous local anesthetic infiltration on the release of inflammatory and nociceptive mediators in skin wounds after cesarean delivery. | 2010 | 20861424 |
| initial identification and characterization of an emerging zoonotic influenza virus prior to pandemic spread. | two cases of febrile respiratory illness associated with untypeable influenza a virus were identified in southern california in march 2009. one was initially detected as influenza virus using an experimental diagnostic device in a clinical trial, while the other was detected at a local reference lab using a diagnostic pcr assay. in both cases, analyses yielded negative results for strain-specific tests targeting circulating strains of influenza a virus (seasonal h1 and h3). these two samples bec ... | 2010 | 20861338 |
| acute illnesses associated with exposure to fipronil--surveillance data from 11 states in the united states, 2001-2007. | fipronil is a broad-spectrum phenylpyrazole insecticide widely used to control residential pests and is also commonly used for flea and tick treatment on pets. it is a relatively new insecticide and few human toxicity data exist on fipronil. | 2010 | 20849331 |
| field efficacy of rodent bait containing the systemic insecticide imidacloprid against the fleas of california ground squirrels. | the efficacy of rodent bait containing the insecticide imidacloprid was evaluated for controlling fleas on the california ground squirrel, spermophilus beecheyi. the bait was designed to deliver an oral dose of insecticide resulting in flea mortality when obtaining a blood meal. during the five-week trial, performed at vandenberg air force base, santa barbara county, ca, a spot-baiting technique was used to apply bait to ground squirrel burrows. bait was applied six times throughout the trial. r ... | 2009 | 20836808 |
| the mosquitoes of eastern tennessee: studies on abundance, habitat preferences, and host-seeking behaviors. | a significant increase in the number of reported cases of la crosse virus (lacv) infections in eastern tennessee has occurred in the last ten years. the objective of this study was to determine the abundance and habitat preferences of the potential vectors of lacv in this region. adult host-seeking mosquitoes were collected using co(2)-baited cdc light traps and a series of human-landing catches in eastern tennessee from 2004 to 2006. a total of 4,200 female mosquitoes of 23 species was collecte ... | 2009 | 20836807 |
| effect of influenza vaccination on hospitalizations in persons aged 50 years and older. | to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (ve) in preventing hospitalizations in persons over 50 years of age. | 2010 | 20832494 |
| food web bioaccumulation model for polychlorinated biphenyls in san francisco bay, california, usa. | we document the development and application of a food web bioaccumulation model for polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in san francisco bay, california, usa. the model calculates spatial distributions of pcb concentrations in a range of invertebrate, fish, avian, and mammalian organisms, including harbor seals, double-crested cormorants, and forster's terns. the performance of the model is evaluated against independent empirical pcb concentrations and shows a mean deviation between observed and mo ... | 2010 | 20821583 |
| who and where are the children yet to enroll in medicaid and the children's health insurance program? | kathleen sebelius, secretary of health and human services, has issued a challenge to enroll the millions of uninsured children eligible for public insurance in medicaid or the children's health insurance program (chip). this paper provides estimates of the rates at which children in the various states participated in these programs in 2008 as well as the number who were eligible for them but uninsured. according to our coverage estimates, an estimated 7.3 million children were uninsured on an av ... | 2010 | 20817690 |
| effect of estuarine wetland degradation on transport of toxoplasma gondii surrogates from land to sea. | the flux of terrestrially derived pathogens to coastal waters presents a significant health risk to marine wildlife, as well as to humans who utilize the nearshore for recreation and seafood harvest. anthropogenic changes in natural habitats may result in increased transmission of zoonotic pathogens to coastal waters. the objective of our work was to evaluate how human-caused alterations of coastal landscapes in california affect the transport of toxoplasma gondii to estuarine waters. toxoplasma ... | 2010 | 20802072 |
| endotoxin and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient fine particulate matter from fresno, california initiate human monocyte inflammatory responses mediated by reactive oxygen species. | in urban areas, a correlation between exposure to particulate matter (pm) from air pollution and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been observed. components of pm include bacterial contaminants, transition metals, salts, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pah), and carbonaceous material, which could interact with various cell types to produce systemic responses when inhaled. we examined the effects of pm collected from fresno, california on activation of human monocytes and the ... | 2010 | 20801209 |